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Journal articles on the topic 'Ascari'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Kochetov, Dmitriy V. "A friend among foes, a foe among friends: Ascari, Amedeo Guillet and the formation of Eritrean identity in the context of Italian colonialism in the late nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: History. International Relations 21, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2021-21-1-67-71.

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The article draws attention to the extraordinary, by African standards, respect in Eritrea for the soldiers of the Italian colonial troops, the Ascari, and even for some of their Italian officers, such as Amedeo Guillet. The author reveals the reason for this respect, which was not present in another former Italian colony Libya. After studying the materials on the number and combat path of the Ascari, colonial Libya, Eritrea, and Italy’s policy in it, the author came to the conclusion that Italian colonialism from a clean slate formed an anti-Ethiopian identity in Eritrea. It was expressed in the Ascari who played an important role in the war of independence from Ethiopia that began in 1961. Its roots go back to 1896 when Ethiopians mutilated Eritrean prisoners after the battle of Adwa.

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2

Houerou, Fabienne Le. "Les "Ascari" erythreens createurs de frontieres." Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire, no. 63 (July 1999): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3770698.

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3

Ascari, Janice Agostinho Barreto. "Ministério Público junto aos tribunais de contas: incompetência do CNMP." Revista do Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36662/revistadocnmp.i3.28.

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Processo nº 0.00.000.000004/2005-19 Relatora: conselheira Janice Ascari Interessada: Luciana Ribeiro Caivipos Objeto: intervenção do CNMP, no sentido de que sejam nomeados os aprovados no concurso público para provimento de cargos do ministério público Junto ao tribunal de contas do estado do Rio Grande do Norte.

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4

Ascari, Maurizio. "Am I Doing the Right Thing?" European Journal of Life Writing 3 (July 25, 2014): C71—C86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.3.117.

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This article describes the genesis of Faded Letters, a novel that is rooted in real facts, notably, tracing the fate of Antonio Ascari, who was deported to Germany in 1944 as a forced labourer and died in Lublin in 1945, while fleeing from Germany with other Italian prisoners.

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5

Balduini, Carlo. "Edoardo Ascari, a man to whom Haematologica owes much." Haematologica 106, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 1779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2021.279273.

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6

Putra, Deddy S., W. Dalimunthe, M. Lubis, S. Pasaribu, and Chairuddin Lubis. "The efficacy of single-dose albendazole for the treatment of ascariasis." Paediatrica Indonesiana 45, no. 3 (October 10, 2016): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi45.3.2005.118-22.

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Objective This study aims to assess the efficacy of single-dosealbendazole in treating mild, moderate, and severe ascariasis.Methods Stool specimens were collected from randomly selectedelementary school children in Suka village, Sumatera Utara, fromMarch to April 2002. Based on the number of eggs per gram feces(NEPG), samples were categorized as mild (NEPG < 7000), mod-erate (NEPG 7000-35,000), or severe (NEPG > 35,000) ascari-asis. All subjects then received 400 mg albendazole orally. NEPGcount was repeated on the 7 th , 14 th , 21 st and 28 th day after treat-ment. The chi-square test was used to compare cure rates be-tween subjects with mild, moderate, and severe ascariasis. TheANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze quan-titative data.Results From the 134 specimens collected, we found mild ascari-asis in 57 (42.5%), moderate ascariasis in 57 (42.5%), and severeascariasis in 20 (15%). There was no significant difference be-tween the three groups in NEPG after treatment (P>0.05). Thecure rate and egg reduction rate on day 28 after treatment was 100%.Conclusion A single dose of 400 mg albendazole is effective forthe treatment of mild, moderate, and severe ascariasis.

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7

Iandoli, Gerardo. "Maurizio Ascari, Alessandra Calanchi (a cura di), I labirinti della mente." Italies, no. 24 (December 18, 2020): 282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/italies.8713.

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8

Rzepka, Charles J. "From the Sublime to City Crime ed. by Maurizio Ascari, Stephen Knight." Studies in Romanticism 55, no. 2 (2016): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/srm.2016.0025.

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9

Stefani, Giulietta. "Italiani e Ascari: Percezioni e Rappresentazioni Dei Colonizzati Nell' Africa Orientale Italiana." Italian Studies 61, no. 2 (October 2006): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/007516306x142942.

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10

Garvin, Diana. "Paper Soldiers on the March: Colonial Toys for Imperial Play." Design Issues 38, no. 3 (2022): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00691.

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Abstract Under the Fascist regime, young Italians amused themselves by practicing the war games of adulthood. Paper soldiers marched across board games set in the newly established empire of Italian East Africa. To reveal how these vicious lessons worked, this article examines three types of toys. It starts with the design and deployment of paper soldiers: Italian Alpinisti, Eritrean Ascari, and Somali Dubat. Next, a playbook for The Conquest of Abyssinia boardgame provides a guide to military conquest. Finally, I examine where these toys come from, revealing the financial structures that underpinned colonial propaganda for Fascist government projects. Ultimately, toys wrote scripts for adult violence in the colonies.

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11

Özben, Murat, Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Malene K. B. Freiin von Streit, Edwina J. A. Wilkes, Kristopher J. Hughes, and Jürgen Krücken. "Absence of Polymorphisms in Codons 167, 198 and 200 of All Seven β-tubulin Isotypes of Benzimidazole Susceptible and Resistant Parascaris spp. Specimens from Australia." Pathogens 11, no. 5 (April 20, 2022): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050490.

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Benzimidazoles resistance is widespread in strongyle parasitic nematodes and associated with polym orphisms in the codons 167, 198 and 200 of isotype 1 β-tubulin (tbb-1). In ascarids, benzimidazole (BZ) resistance has rarely been reported and in none of these cases were any of these polymorphisms detected. Here, available genome and transcriptome data from WormBase ParaSite were used to compare the complete β-tubulin reservoirs of Parascaris univalens, Ascaris suum and Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult Parascaris spp. specimens collected in Australia from horses after BZ treatment (susceptible, n = 13) or surviving BZ treatment and collected after ivermectin treatment (resistant, n = 10) were genotyped regarding codons 167, 198 and 200 using Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses clearly showed that there are no one-to-one ascarid orthologs of strongyle tbb-1 genes. In the reference genomes, as well as phenotypically susceptible and resistant Parascaris spp. from Australia, six out of seven β-tubulin genes showed a BZ-susceptible genotype (F167, E198, F200). The only exception were the testis-specific β-tubulin D genes from all three ascarid species that encode tyrosine at codon 200. This was observed independently of the BZ-susceptibility phenotype of Parascaris spp. These data suggest that different mechanisms lead to BZ resistance in ascarid and strongyle nematodes.

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12

Raposo, Alberto, and Cléber Corrêa. "Editors' Note." Journal on Interactive Systems 9, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jis.2018.695.

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As we have been doing since 2010, in this issue we publish the best papers of SVR (Symposium on Virtual and Augmented Reality), that took place at Curitiba, in November 2017. The guest editors, Jauvane Oliveira from The National Laboratory for Scientific Computing (LNCC) and Fátima Nunes from University of São Paulo (USP) invited the best papers of the symposium to submit extended versions to this special issue. Seven of the selected best papers are presented in this issue. We would like to thank Jauvane and Fátima to their valuable contribution to JIS, and invite you to read the Guest Editors’ Note in the following.This issue also has a regular paper by Rúbia Ascari, Roberto Pereira, and Luciano Silva, from the Federal University of Paraná. In this paper, the authors present a systematic literature review on the use of mobile devices for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, aiming to compensate difficulties of verbal expression for people with speech disorders.Enjoy the issue!

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13

Arakelyuan, Rudolf S., Khalil M. Galimzyanov, Anna E. Maslyaninova, and Tatyuna M. Deeva. "Sanitary-parasitological condition of the environmental objects of the Astrakhan region." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 23, no. 1 (May 12, 2021): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma56339.

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The sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects of the Astrakhan region is analyzed. It was found that out of 689 samples taken and studied from various environmental objects, 114 (16,5%) did not meet sanitary and parasitological standards. The share of soil samples taken was 554 (80,4%), of which 107 (19,3%) did not meet sanitary and parasitological standards. In 83 (15%) cases, living larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were found, in 12 (2,1%) fertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, in 10 (1,8%) eggs of Toxocara canis, in 1 (0,2%) sample mixed invasions were noted: fertilized eggs of Ascara canis of 126 (18,3%) washes from hard surfaces, 4 (8,6%) were unsatisfactory (in 7,35% of cases, fertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides were found and in 1,25% eggs of Enterobius vermicularis. Dead larvae of Anisakis simplex were found in 3 (0,4%) fish samples examined. All 6 (0,9%) river water samples complied with sanitary and parasitological standards. The presence of living strongilid larvae and toxocar eggs in the soil indicates its contamination with faeces of infected animals. The presence of people or about flooding or flooding of these objects sewer drains allows to assume existence of oosperms of ascarids in the soil about her pollution by excrements. The presence of eggs of ascarids and pinworms on various household surfaces indicates non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene of persons infected with ascarids and/or pinworms who use these household appliances. The presence of aniacid larvae in the internal organs of fish is not a contraindication for its sale to the population.

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14

Fraser, Eleanor M., Jacqueline F. Christie, and Malcolm W. Kennedy. "Heterogeneity amongst Infected Children in IgE Antibody Repertoire to the Antigens of the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 100, no. 3 (1993): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000236425.

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15

Deslyper, Gwendoline, Dearbhla M. Murphy, Oluyomi A. Sowemimo, Celia V. Holland, and Derek G. Doherty. "Distinct hepatic myeloid and lymphoid cell repertoires are associated with susceptibility and resistance to Ascaris infection." Parasitology 148, no. 5 (January 12, 2021): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182021000020.

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AbstractThe soil-transmitted helminth Ascaris lumbricoides infects ~800 million people worldwide. Some people are heavily infected, harbouring many worms, whereas others are only lightly infected. The mechanisms behind this difference are unknown. We used a mouse model of hepatic resistance to Ascaris, with C57BL/6J mice as a model for heavy infection and CBA/Ca mice as a model for light infection. The mice were infected with the porcine ascarid, Ascaris suum or the human ascarid, A. lumbricoides and immune cells in their livers and spleens were enumerated using flow cytometry. Compared to uninfected C57BL/6J mice, uninfected CBA/Ca mice had higher splenic CD4+ and γδ T cell counts and lower hepatic eosinophil, Kupffer cell and B cell counts. Infection with A. suum led to expansions of eosinophils, Kupffer cells, monocytes and dendritic cells in the livers of both mouse strains and depletions of hepatic natural killer (NK) cells in CBA/Ca mice only. Infection with A. lumbricoides led to expansions of hepatic eosinophils, monocytes and dendritic cells and depletions of CD8+, αβ, NK and NK T cells in CBA/Ca mice, but not in C57BL/6J mice where only monocytes expanded. Thus, susceptibility and resistance to Ascaris infection are governed, in part, by the hepatic immune system.

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16

Wickman, Matthew. "Theology Still?" PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 132, no. 3 (May 2017): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2017.132.3.674.

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“I hope my attitude will not be regarded as irreverent,” Maurizio Ascari declares before launching into a critique of Franco Moretti's critical methods (3). By contrast, I undertake no critique of Moretti's methods, but my attitude toward his work is at least somewhat irreverent, if also appreciative. I titled an early draft of this essay “Distant Reading and the New Poetics of Enchantment; or, Toward a Literary History That Is Spiritual but Not Religious.” This title was self-consciously outrageous, since there is little that is overtly enchanted, let alone spiritual, about Moretti's criticism. Indeed, one of the recurring rhetorical fillips in his book Distant Reading involves the disparagement of close reading as a kind of theology: “At bottom,” close reading is “a theological exercise—very solemn treatment of very few texts taken very seriously—whereas what we really need is a little pact with the devil: we know how to read texts, now let's learn how not to read them. Distant reading: where distance … is a condition of knowledge” (48; see also 33, 67, 89, and 113). By invoking enchantment and spirituality to describe his work, then, I was looking to underscore, a little cheekily, how rigorous engagement with his “pact with the devil” reveals similar features to those Moretti partly discredits—namely, credulity, “superstition” (Johnson 84), and “mystery” (Goodwin xiii). In essence, my aim was to employ close reading—of distant reading—as a kind of return, if not revenge, of the repressed.

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17

Di Pasquale, Francesca. "Massimo Zaccaria. Anch'io per la tua bandiera. Il V Battaglione Ascari in missione sul fronte libico (1912). Giorgio Pozza Editore, Ravenna. 2012. 263 pp. € 17.00." International Review of Social History 59, no. 2 (July 22, 2014): 334–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859014000261.

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18

SEBASTIÃO, Maria Paula, Giampaolo MERLINI, Maria João SARAIVA, and Ana Margarida DAMAS. "The molecular interaction of 4′-iodo-4′-deoxydoxorubicin with Leu-55Pro transthyretin ‘amyloid-like’ oligomer leading to disaggregation." Biochemical Journal 351, no. 1 (September 26, 2000): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3510273.

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The crystal structure of the amyloidogenic Leu-55Pro transthyretin (TTR) variant has revealed an oligomer structure that may represent a putative amyloid protofibril [Sebastião, Saraiva and Damas (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 24715–24722]. Here we report biochemical evidence that corroborates the isolation of an intermediate structure, an ‘amyloid-like’ oligomer, which is most probably present in the biochemical pathway that leads to amyloid deposition and that was isolated by the crystallization of the Leu-55Pro TTR variant. 4´-Iodo-4´-deoxydoxorubicin (IDOX) is a compound that interacts with amyloid fibrils of various compositions and it has been reported to reduce the amyloid load in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis [Merlini, Ascari, Amboldi, Bellotti, Arbustini, Perfetti, Ferrari, Zorzoli, Marinone, Garini et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 2959–2963]. In this work, we observed that the monoclinic Leu-55Pro TTR crystals, soaked with IDOX, undergo rapid dissociation. Moreover, under the same conditions, the orthorhombic wild-type TTR crystals are quite stable. This is explained by the different TTR conformations isolated upon crystallization of the two proteins; while the Leu-55Pro TTR exhibits the necessary conformation for IDOX binding, the same structure is not present in the crystallized wild-type protein. A theoretical model concerning the interaction of Leu-55Pro TTR with IDOX, which is consistent with the dissociation of the amyloid-like oligomer, is presented. In this model the IDOX iodine atom is buried in a pocket located between the two β-sheets of the Leu-55Pro TTR monomer with the IDOX aromatic-moiety long axis nearly perpendicular to the direction of the β-sheets.

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19

Hawley, Jeffrey H., and Robert J. Peanasky. "Ascaris suum: Are trypsin inhibitors involved in species specificity of Ascarid nematodes?" Experimental Parasitology 75, no. 1 (August 1992): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4894(92)90126-u.

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20

Wang, Jianbin. "Genomics of the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris and Its Relatives." Genes 12, no. 4 (March 28, 2021): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040493.

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Nematodes of the genus Ascaris are important parasites of humans and swine, and the phylogenetically related genera (Parascaris, Toxocara, and Baylisascaris) infect mammals of veterinary interest. Over the last decade, considerable genomic resources have been established for Ascaris, including complete germline and somatic genomes, comprehensive mRNA and small RNA transcriptomes, as well as genome-wide histone and chromatin data. These datasets provide a major resource for studies on the basic biology of these parasites and the host–parasite relationship. Ascaris and its relatives undergo programmed DNA elimination, a highly regulated process where chromosomes are fragmented and portions of the genome are lost in embryonic cells destined to adopt a somatic fate, whereas the genome remains intact in germ cells. Unlike many model organisms, Ascaris transcription drives early development beginning prior to pronuclear fusion. Studies on Ascaris demonstrated a complex small RNA network even in the absence of a piRNA pathway. Comparative genomics of these ascarids has provided perspectives on nematode sex chromosome evolution, programmed DNA elimination, and host–parasite coevolution. The genomic resources enable comparison of proteins across diverse species, revealing many new potential drug targets that could be used to control these parasitic nematodes.

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21

Kartini, Sri, and Uswatun Hasanah. "UJI LISIS TELUR Ascaris lumbricoides SETELAH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale var rubrum)." Klinikal Sains : Jurnal Analis Kesehatan 10, no. 2 (December 22, 2022): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36341/klinikal_sains.v10i2.2738.

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Worm infection is an environmental-based disease, can be transmitted through the soil or known as soil-transmitted helminth (STH). Infections caused by this parasite can be eradicated by administering synthetic drugs and herbal medicines. One of the plants that can be used as herbal medicine is red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum). Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) has one of the benefits, namely to treat intestinal worms. This study aimed to determine the lysis of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs after administration of 70% Ethanol Extract of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum). The method used in this research is a laboratory experiment. The results showed that at a concentration of 5% within 45 minutes there was no color change and there was no damage to the eggs of Ascarias lumbricoides, while at concentrations of 10% and 15% within 45 minutes it could cause changes in the color of the eggs and could lyse the eggs of Ascarias lumbricoides. Red ginger contains tannins, flavonoids, saponins and triterpenoids that are able to lyse eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides.

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22

Yen, Nguyen Thi Hoang, Nguyen Thi Hop, Tran Hai Thanh, Nguyen Van Phuong, Nguyen Thi Hong Chien, Bui Khanh Linh, and Do Trung Dung. "Detection of Ascaris suum in the Livers of Chickens Infected Naturally by the Nested Multiplex PCR Assay." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 2 (November 27, 2020): 606–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2020.3.2.04.

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This study was conducted to detect Ascaris suum, Toxocara canis, and Toxocara cati in naturally infected chicken livers, and then to provide information related to ascarid infections in humans. Ninety-four chicken liver samples collected at a fresh market were used for this study. DNA was extracted from each minced liver sample (500 mg) by the alkaline lysis method using NaOH 50mM and Tris-HCl (pH 8.0). The nested multiplex PCR assay using ascarid universal primers was applied to amplify the ITS1 ribosomal RNA gene of A. suum, Toxocara canis, and Toxocara cati in all the liver samples. Then, species specific-primers were used to discriminate between A. suum and Toxocara spp. The results showed that 2 of the 94 chicken liver samples detected positive for the presence of A. suum DNA. This study provided useful information and evidence about A. suum infection in humans via exposure to contaminated soil or eating raw/undercooked chicken livers in Vietnam.

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23

Adedeji, S. O., E. O. Ogunba, and O. O. Dipeolu. "Synergistic effect of migrating Ascaris larvae and Escherichia coli in piglets." Journal of Helminthology 63, no. 1 (March 1989): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00008671.

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ABSTRACTThe effect of intestinal flora on the establishment, development and pathogenicity of Ascaris suum larvae in piglets (Large White breed) was investigated. The infected piglets with Ascaris and Escherichia coli showed signs of pneumonia, cough with respiratory difficulties initially even though these moderated with time. They lost appetite and showed signs of unthriftiness with loss of weight. The packed cell volume was normal but the differential leucocyte counts of the pigs infected with Ascaris larvae and bacteria had high neutrophils, unlike the very high lymphocyte count observed in piglets with ascarids only. The piglets had generalized serous atrophy of body fat. The pericardial and perirenal fats were gelatinous. There was a firm and nodular grey and red hepatization with abscess pockets in the intermediate and anterior one third of the diaphragmatic lobes of the lungs. The liver contained greyish-white and depressed focus immediately dorsal to the area of attachment to the gall bladder with multifocal areas. There was no significant gross lesion in the control animals. Cultural and microscopic examinations of some internal organs of the infected animals showed that bacteria were carried to the lungs by the migrating Ascaris larvae. The combined synergistic effect of Ascaris larvae and E. coli was also investigated and it was concluded that the two agents (A. suum larvae and E. coli) worked together synergistically.

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24

Shemetova, S. A., R. S. Arakelyan, T. V. Nikeshina, and G. L. Shendo. "Parasitic contamination of environmental objects (based on materials of Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Astrakhan region)." Perm Medical Journal 39, no. 2 (May 10, 2022): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj39211-23.

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Objective. To study the sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects in Astrakhan region. Materials and methods. A total of 45,475 samples taken from various environmental objects in Astrakhan region were analyzed. The number of unsatisfactory samples was 1.1 % (484 samples). Results. For the period from 2015 to 2019, there were studied the following samples: soil 12.5 % (5518 samples), water 6.9 % (3026 samples) and flushes from solid household surfaces 80.6 % (35501 samples). The percentage of washout samples from hard surfaces was 80.6 % (35,501 samples). The number of unsatisfactory samples was 0.003 % (1 sample). In this sample, teniid oncospheres were detected in 2019. The share of water samples was 6.9 % (3026 samples). Positive findings in the form of helminth eggs and larvae, as well as cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa were 3.1 % (93 samples). In addition to samples taken from environmental objects, samples of food raw materials and food products were studied 3.1 % (1430 samples). The number of unsatisfactory samples was 4.6 % (66 samples). In these samples there were found: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis 84.8 % (56 samples), eggs and metacercariae of Opisthorchis felineus 4.5 % (3 samples), cysts of Entamoeba histolytica, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Ascaris lumbricoides 3.0 % for each (2 samples for each), eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (1 sample) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Toxocara Canis 1.5 % (1 sample). Conclusions. The presence of mobile strongylid larvae and toxocar eggs in the soil indicates contamination of this object with the feces of invaded animals, and the presence of ascariid eggs, opisthorchis, dwarf tapeworm, teniid oncospheres and dysentery amoeba cysts in the soil indicates contamination with the feces of invaded people. The presence of eggs and larvae of helminths characteristic of animals and humans in samples taken from open reservoirs indicates, first of all, the contamination of these objects with the feces of infected people and/or animals, as well as the presumed version of water contamination with sewage. The presence of Toxocara eggs and strongylid larvae on the samples of fruit and vegetable products indicates soil contamination with the feces of invasive animals. The presence of ascarid eggs on the food indicates contamination of the soil with the feces of infested people.

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25

Kajerova, V., V. Barus, and I. Literak. "New records of Ascaridia platyceri (Nematoda) in parrots (Psittaciformes)." Veterinární Medicína 49, No. 7 (March 29, 2012): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5700-vetmed.

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The aim of the study was to determine the range of species of ascarids in parrots in the CzechRepublic. Ascarids were found during post-mortem parasitological examination of 38 psittaciform birds belonging to 15 different species. All ascarids found were determined as Ascaridia platyceri. Nine bird species were determined as new hosts of this parasite. A. platyceri is a typical ascarid for parrots of Australian origin. The fact that this parasite was found in bird species of African origin demonstrated a possibility of spread of A. platyceri to hosts of different zoogeographical origin. A. platyceri was described in detail from the host Melopsittacus undulatus and differentiated from other ascarids on the basis of morphological and quantitative traits. The most important differentiating traits included the presence of interlabia in both sexes. In males, the traits important for species identification included the number and location of caudal papillae (a total of 9 to 10 pairs), relatively short spicula and absence of cuticular alae on the spicula, while females featured a conical shape of the tail.

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26

Nguyen, Tien T., M. A. Qasim, Stephen Morris, Cheng-Chan Lu, Dolores Hill, Michael Laskowski, and Judy A. Sakanari. "Expression and characterization of elastase inhibitors from the ascarid nematodes Anisakis simplex and Ascaris suum." Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 102, no. 1 (July 1999): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00088-2.

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27

Setiadi, Riyan Wahyu, Risa Tiuria, and Chairun Nisa. "Kecacingan pada Saluran Pencernaan Trenggiling Jawa (Manis javanica) dan Pengendaliannya." ARSHI Veterinary Letters 1, no. 1 (August 14, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/avl.1.1.11-12.

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Salah satu kendala dalam upaya konservasi Trenggiling jawa secara <em>ex-situ</em> adalah masalah penyakit, salah satunya kecacingan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis cacing saluran pencernaan yang menginfeksi empat ekor Trenggiling jawa,serta mengetahui efektivitas dari anthelmintika yang diberikan. Identifikasi tipe telur, jenis larva, dan derajat infeksi kecacingan dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik parasitologi. Hasil menunjukkan trenggiling yang dipelihara di kandang terinfeksi oleh cacing tipe Strongylid dan Ascarid. Seluruh trenggiling terinfeksi oleh cacing genus Strongylus. Infeksi ganda terjadi pada duaekortrenggiling, masing-masingoleh cacing genus Strongylus dan Trichostrongylus, serta cacing genus Strongylus dan Ascaris. Trenggiling terinfeksi cacing dengan derajat infeksi kategori ringan hingga sedang. Pemberian Albendazole dengan dosis 10 mg/ kgbb setiap pekan mampu menurunkan jumlah telur cacing sebesar 100%.

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GC, Obonna, and Obonna MC. "Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Complicated Byascariasis- our Experiencec." Journal of Clinical Surgery and Research 3, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2768-2757/043.

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Penetrating abdominal trauma typically involves the violation of the abdominal cavity by gunshot wound (GSW) or stab wound (SW). The surgical complications of ascaris lumbricoides have been well documented, however very few studies have tried to elucidate the impact of ascariasis in patients with penetrating abdominal injury.In the tropical Environment such as ours it is most relevant to consider ascariasis as a factor which could mordify the short and long time outcome in the management of patients with penetrating abdominal trauma. The aim was to look at the demographics and outcomes in the management of penetrating abdominal trauma in patients with intra operative finding of ascariasis. This study was retrospective, in which patients with penetrating abdominal injury and coexisting ascariasis were analysed. The study population included all such patients for a period of 10 years between January 2012 to January 2021.The patients were evaluated with their case notes retrieved from the medical record department and their operative note and laboratory investigations recorded. Excluded from the study were those with associated injuries in other regions of the body. A total of 300 patients who had penetrating abdominal injury were seen within the study period. 220 cases (66.7%) were due to gunshot wound to the abdomen while 80 cases (33.3%) were due to stab injury to the abdomen. All of them had the intra operative finding of ascarids within the abdomen. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The incidental finding of ascarid during surgery for penetrating abdominal trauma is common and accounts for high mobidity and mortality in patients who have penetrating abdominal trauma. It is therefore of public health importance to engage in mass deworming exercise especially in the tropics were ascariasis is endemic. Elimination of this round worm would ensure a better postoperative outcome in patients who have penetrating abdominal trauma.

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Alves, Elizabeth Brito da Silva, Maria José Conceição, and Daniela Leles. "Ascaris lumbricoides,Ascaris suum, or “Ascaris lumbrisuum”?" Journal of Infectious Diseases 213, no. 8 (February 4, 2016): 1355.1–1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiw027.

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Luca, Iasmina, Marius Stelian Ilie, Tiana Florea, Adrian Olariu-Jurca, Adrian Stancu, and Gheorghe Dărăbuş. "The Use of Pythium oligandrum in the Biological Control of Roundworm Infection in Dogs and Cats." Pathogens 11, no. 3 (March 17, 2022): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11030367.

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Pythium oligandrum is an oomycete used in veterinary medicine to treat dermatophytosis in animals. The ovicidal potential against various types of parasite eggs has not been investigated. Ascarids are very common in young animals and the resistance of eggs in the external environment is very high. A commercial product containing P. oligandrum was used in the present study. Its ovicidal action against Toxocara spp. eggs was investigated. Thus, two categories of media (soil and sandstone) were used, on which the ascarid eggs were dispersed. The commercial product was prepared as a solution and was applied according to the manufacturer. The treatment scheme indicated in case of animals with dermatophytosis was used. Thus, the external natural conditions were recreated in the laboratory, in order to establish whether there is any applicability for this oomycete in the biological control of some parasitic diseases. The results indicated an ovicidal action of Pythium oligandrum, supporting the prospects of its use in the decontamination methods of various surfaces or environments where ascarid eggs from carnivores are found.

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Irdeeva, Viktoria A., Rudolf S. Arakelyan, Gennadii L. Shendo, Darya S. Aleksashina, Anna M. Sosnina, and Anastasia V. Bolonina. "Food safety by parasitological indicators." Perm Medical Journal 38, no. 1 (April 22, 2021): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj381135-143.

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Objective. To study the sanitary and parasitological state of food products in Astrakhan Region for their contamination with eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on the basis of the Laboratory of Bacteriological and Parasitological Research of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Astrakhan Region in 20152019. A total of 1.430 food samples were examined and 2207 studies were performed during the analyzed period. The number of unsatisfactory samples was 4.6 % (n = 66) the following was found: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis 84.8 % (n = 56), eggs and metacercariae of Opisthorchis felineus 4.5 % (n = 3), cysts of Entamoeba histolytica, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Ascaris lumbricoides 3.0 % (n = 2), eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (n = 1) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Toxocara Canis 1.5 % (n = 1). Results. The largest number of selected and investigated food samples was accounted for fruit and vegetable samples 54.3 % (n = 777), of which 8.4 % (n = 65) of the samples were unsatisfactory. In these samples, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were found 86.2 % (n = 56) of all positive findings of fruit and vegetable products, eggs of Opisthorchis felineus and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica 3.1 % (n = 2 each), as well as unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and eggs of Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (n = 1 each). In addition to isolated findings, there were noted cases of mixed invasion: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides-3.1 % (n = 2) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + eggs of Toxocara canis 1.5 % (n = 1). Conclusions. The presence of Toxocara eggs and strongylid larvae on the samples of fruit and vegetable products indicates soil contamination with feces of invasive animals. The presence of ascarid eggs on food indicates contamination of the soil with the feces of infested persons. The presence of opisthorchis eggs on the samples of cucumbers and tomatoes, and cysts of dysentery amoeba on the samples of cucumbers and cabbage indicates contamination of water used for watering these products with eggs and cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. The presence of pinworm eggs on cucumbers indicates contact of an infected person with this product. Contamination may have occurred when the product was transported to the laboratory.

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Steffens, W. L., Nancy B. Roberts, and J. M. Bowen. "Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 278–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100143018.

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The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

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Tsuji, Naotoshi, Kayo Suzuki, Harue Kasuga-Aoki, Yasunobu Matsumoto, Takeshi Arakawa, Kenji Ishiwata, and Takashi Isobe. "Intranasal Immunization with Recombinant Ascaris suum14-Kilodalton Antigen Coupled with Cholera Toxin B Subunit Induces Protective Immunity to A. suum Infection in Mice." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 12 (December 1, 2001): 7285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.12.7285-7292.2001.

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ABSTRACT Animals can be rendered immune to Ascaris parasites by immunization with infectious-stage larvae. The specific parasite gene products that mediate protective responses in ascariasis are unknown. We have identified a cDNA encoding Ascaris suum 14-kDa antigen (As14) and evaluated the vaccinal effect of theEscherichia coli-expressed recombinant protein (rAs14). GenBank analysis showed that As14 has low similarity at the amino acid level to a Caenorhabditis elegans gene product and to antigens of the filarial nematodes but not to other known proteins. In addition, As14 homologues were found to be expressed in human and dog roundworms. In mice that received intranasal administration of rAs14 coupled with cholera toxin B subunit (rAs14-CTB), there was a 64% reduction of recovery of larvae compared with that in the nontreated group. The vaccinated mice showed a significant increase in the total serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and the mucosal IgA responses. Elevation of the rAs14-specific IgE response was also seen. Measurement of the IgG subclasses showed a higher level of IgG1 and a lower level of IgG2a antibody response in the sera of the immunized mice, suggesting that protection was associated with a type II immune response. As14 is the first protective antigen against A. suum infection to be identified. Our immunization trial results in laboratory animals suggest the possibility of developing a mucosal vaccine for parasitic diseases caused by ascarid nematodes.

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Kuhlmann, D. H. H. "Kurt O. Viets: Die Milben des Süßwassers. (Hydrachnellae und Halacaridae (part.), Ascari), 2: Katalog = Sonderbände des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. — 1012 pp. Hamburg und Berlin: Verlag Paul Parey 1987. ISBN 3-490-14796-0. DM 280.—." Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 74, no. 4 (1989): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19890740433.

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35

LI, YAN, LILI NIU, QIANG WANG, ZHIHE ZHANG, ZHIGANG CHEN, XIAOBIN GU, YUE XIE, et al. "Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of ascarid nematodes from twenty-one species of captive wild mammals based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences." Parasitology 139, no. 10 (May 1, 2012): 1329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118201200056x.

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SUMMARYAlthough ascarid nematodes are important parasites of wild animals of public health concern, few species of ascarids from wild animals have been studied at the molecular level so far. Here, the classification and phylogenetic relationships of roundworms from 21 species of captive wild animals have been studied by sequencing and analysis of parts of the ribosomal 18S and 28S genes and the mitochondrial (mt) 12S gene. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred by 3 methods (NJ/MP/ML) based on the data of single gene sequences and concatenated sequences. Homology analysis indicated that the 18S sequences were conserved among roundworms from all 21 species and that 28S showed interspecies variability. Divergence levels displayed in 12S suggested that 12S appears to be either intra- or interspecifically variable. Evolutionary trees indicated that the ascarids split into 2 families, 4 genera and 7 species, with high bootstrap support for each clade. Combined trees suggested that Baylisascaris ailuri is more closely related to B. transfuga than to B. schroederi. This study provides useful molecular markers for the classification, phylogenetic analysis and epidemiological investigation of roundworms from wild animals.

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Trailović, S. M., Z. Zurovac, S. Gruborović, D. S. Marjanović, and J. Nedeljković-Trailović. "Presynaptic and postsynaptic regulation of muscle contractions in the ascarid nematode Ascaris suum: a target for drug action." Journal of Helminthology 90, no. 6 (November 27, 2015): 698–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x15000978.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the role in contractions of postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, in the bag region of Ascaris suum muscle cells, as well as the role of synaptic receptors between interneurons and motor neurons in the dorsal and ventral nerve cord. We have measured the isometric contractions of isolated segments of A. suum, with or without the nerve cord (dorsal or ventral). Contractions were caused by increasing concentrations of ACh or by electrical field stimulation (EFS). Based on our results, the presence of the nerve cord is essential for the contractile effects of ACh. The EC50 value of ACh for innervated muscle strips was 10.88 μm. Unlike intact (innervated) preparations, there was no contraction of the muscle flaps when the nerve cord was mechanically removed. Furthermore, continuous EFS produced stable contractions of innervated muscle strips, but they are not sensitive to mecamylamine (100 μm). However, GABA (30 μm) significantly inhibited the EFS-induced contractions. EFS with the same characteristics did not cause muscle contractions of denervated muscle strips, but EFS with a wider pulse induced the increasing of tone and irregular contractions. These contractions were completely insensitive to the effect of GABA. The EC50 for ACh did not differ between the dorsal and ventral segments (9.83 μm and 9.45 μm), while GABA exhibited features of competitive and non-competitive antagonists, regardless of whether it acted on the dorsal or ventral segments of A. suum. It is obvious that drugs will be more effective if they act on both the synaptic and extrasynaptic nACh and GABA receptors.

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37

Burnett, Mark W. "Ascaris." Journal of Special Operations Medicine 18, no. 2 (2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.55460/ffem-coo8.

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38

Wang, Jianbin, and Richard E. Davis. "Ascaris." Current Biology 30, no. 10 (May 2020): R423—R425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.064.

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39

Roche, Kévin, Elsa Pacciani, Raffaella Bianucci, and Matthieu Le Bailly. "Assessing the Parasitic Burden in a Late Antique Florentine Emergency Burial Site." Korean Journal of Parasitology 57, no. 6 (December 31, 2019): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.587.

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Excavation (2008-2014) carried out under the Uffizi Gallery (Florence, Italy) led to the discovery of 75 individuals, mostly buried in multiple graves. Based on Roman minted coins, the graves were preliminarily dated between the second half of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries CE. Taphonomy showed that this was an emergency burial site associated with a catastrophic event, possibly an epidemic of unknown etiology with high mortality rates. In this perspective, paleoparasitological investigations were performed on 18 individuals exhumed from 9 multiple graves to assess the burden of gastrointestinal parasitism. Five out of eighteen individuals (27.7%) tested positive for ascarid-type remains; these are considered as “decorticated” <i>Ascaris</i> eggs, which have lost their outer mammillated coat. Roundworms (genus <i>Ascaris</i>) commonly infest human populations under dire sanitary conditions. Archaeological and historical evidence indicates that <i>Florentia</i> suffered a period of economic crisis between the end of 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries CE, and that the aqueduct was severely damaged at the beginning of the 4th century CE, possibly during the siege of the Goths (406 CE). It is more than plausible that the epidemic, possibly coupled with the disruption of the aqueduct, deeply affected the living conditions of these individuals. A 27.7% frequency suggests that ascariasis was widespread in this population. This investigation exemplifies how paleoparasitological information can be retrieved from the analysis of sediments sampled in cemeteries, thus allowing a better assessment of the varying frequency of parasitic infections among ancient populations.

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40

Pelenio, R. A., V. V. Stybel, and V. O. Ushkalov. "Lipolitical, lisocycle, and hemolitical activity of microflors of pigs intestine, invased in the association of askaris, eyeria and balantidia." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 83 (March 2, 2018): 376–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8374.

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The changes in lipolytic, lysozyme and hemolytic activity of the intestinal microflora of piglets invaded with the association of ascaris, imyrium and balantidium have been studied. It has been established that among microorganisms isolated from the distal intestine of piglets, lipase is synthesized by Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., Clostridium sp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., E. coli lact. «-» hem +, Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Candida spp. In pigs affected by ascaris, emerya, and balantidium, the number of strains producing lipase was higher compared to healthy ones, namely: Bacteroides spp. – by 20.2%, Prevotella spp. – by 3.7%, Clostridium spp. – 29.2% and Peptostreptococcus spp. – by 14.9%, Staphylococcus spp. – by 67.7%, Streptococcus spp. – by 19.1%, E. coli lact. «-» heme «+» – by 17.3%, Candida spp. – 16.5% and Enterobacter spp. – by 4.8%. Lysozyme activity was detected in Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. Significant differences in the penetrance of lysozyme activity of microorganisms in healthy and affected by ascarids, imedium, and balantidias of piglets were observed in Lactobacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. (P < 0.001). At the same time, in piglets, compared with healthy animals, the number of Lactobacillus spp. Strains that showed lysozyme activity decreased, while Bifidobacterium spp. and Staphylococcus spp. – grew. Bifidobacterium spp., Eubacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., E. coli lact. «+» Hem «-», Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp. there is no ability to produce hemolysins. Among lactosonegative gastric sticks, all strains isolated from both healthy and sick pigs showed hemolytic activity. The associative influence of ascaris, imerium and balantidii, showed an increase in the penetrance of hemolytic activity in Bacteroides spp. – by 45.8%, Prevotella spp. – by 26.8%, Clostridium spp. – 42.1%, Propionibacterium spp. – 41.5%, Peptostreptococcus spp. – 29.1% and Fusobacterium spp. – by 16.4%, Klebsiella spp. – by 33.4%, Enterococcus spp. – by 69.6%, Streptococcus spp. – by 66.0%, Staphylococcus spp. – by 64.5% and Candida spp. – by 11.5%.

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41

MACOLA, GIACOMO. "CELEBRATING ERITREAN SOLDIERS AND ITALIAN IDENTITY - Anch'io per la tua bandiera: Il V battaglione ascari in missione sul fronte libico (1912). By Massimo Zaccaria. Ravenna, Italy: Giorgio Pozzi Editore, 2013. Pp. 263. €17, paperback (ISBN 978-88-96117-26-2)." Journal of African History 54, no. 3 (November 2013): 445–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853713000601.

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42

Lyons, E., and S. Tolliver. "Strongyloides westeri and Parascaris equorum: Observations in field studies in Thoroughbred foals on some farms in Central Kentucky, USA." Helminthologia 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-014-0202-2.

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Abstract Observations were made on the intestinal threadworm (Strongyloides westeri) and ascarid (Parascaris equorum) in field studies in 373 Thoroughbred foals on nine farms in Central Kentucky (USA) in 2013. Qualitative examination was made of feces of the foals for presence of S. westeri and P. equorum eggs. The main purpose of the prevalence study was to obtain current data on S. westeri in Thoroughbred foals. This was done to compare these findings with earlier studies in this geographical area where the prevalence of this parasite has been very low the last several decades. All the foals except on one farm had been treated one or more times with a parasiticide before the study. Prevalence of S. westeri in foals was 0 to 3 % on two farms, 6 to 9 % on three farms, and 20 to 51 % on four farms. The prevalence of P. equorum in foals was 0 to 14 % on three farms, 27 to 38 % on three farms, and 46 to 51 % on three farms. Effect of drugs given before the current study, on the prevalence of the two parasitic nematode species, is discussed. Also, three field tests were done by the present authors to evaluate activity of three individual or combination of drugs against ascarids. Evaluation was somewhat limited because, on two of the farms, a relatively small number of foals was passing ascarid eggs before treatment. However, oxibendazole and oxibendazole/piperazine combination were much more efficacious than fenbendazole.

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Zhou, Chunhua, Ting Guo, Yuanyu Deng, Jingjing He, Shan Ouyang, and Xiaoping Wu. "Mitochondrial phylogenomics of human-type Ascaris, pig-type Ascaris, and hybrid Ascaris populations." Veterinary Parasitology 287 (November 2020): 109256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109256.

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44

Wu, Mark Li-cheng, and Vanessa A. Jones. "Ascaris lumbricoides." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-0174-al.

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45

Ash, Lawrence R. "Ascaris Lumbricoides?" Southern Medical Journal 96, no. 1 (January 2003): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000049843.49028.d3.

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46

Quick, Gary, and James S. Walker. "Ascaris Lumbricoides?" Southern Medical Journal 96, no. 7 (July 2003): 728–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000078648.46905.fc.

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47

Eagle, Kim, and Hermann Fuessl. "Ascaris lumbricoides." New England Journal of Medicine 331, no. 5 (August 4, 1994): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199408043310505.

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48

Cassaing, S., B. Morassin, and Jean-François Magnaval. "Ascaris lumbricoides." EMC - Biologie Médicale 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2211-9698(06)76261-6.

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Grahit Vidosa, V., and E. Juncadella García. "Ascaris lumbricoides." FMC - Formación Médica Continuada en Atención Primaria 12, no. 4 (April 2005): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1134-2072(05)75202-6.

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Hernández, Isabel Moreno, Lluís Force Sanmartín, and María Rivodigo Rodríguez. "Ascaris lumbricoides." FMC - Formación Médica Continuada en Atención Primaria 20, no. 7 (August 2013): 433–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1134-2072(13)70622-4.

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