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Journal articles on the topic 'Asbestos Risk Assessment and Management'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Park, Wha-Me, and Yoon-Shin Kim. "A Proposal of Hazard/Risk Assessment Criteria and an Asbestos Management Method for Asbestos-containing Building Materials." Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 38, no. 1 (February 29, 2012): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/jehs.2012.38.1.062.

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2

Stevenson, Simone Peta, Oonagh Barron, Andrew Pakenham, and Masayoshi Hashinaka. "Understanding and Ending the Lethal Asbestos Legacy." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 2507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032507.

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The Victorian Asbestos Eradication Agency (VAEA) was established to develop a long-term plan for the prioritised removal of asbestos containing materials (ACMs) from Victorian government-owned buildings. The safest and most sustainable way to end the lethal asbestos legacy is through prioritised, planned, and safe removal of ACMs from the built environment. In this article, we describe our consolidated asbestos register (AIRSystem); our custom risk assessment model that informs prioritised removal, and our work towards ending the lethal asbestos legacy.

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3

Nabango, Hope, and Christine Majale. "Towards a Circular Economy: A Review on Asbestos Waste Management Regulations in Kenya." East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources 5, no. 1 (February 14, 2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajenr.5.1.548.

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Kenya banned the use of asbestos in 2006, given its carcinogenic effects. Consequently, regulatory and institutional guidelines have been established to ensure the safe disposal of hazardous material. Yet, Kenya still uses 10% of its national health allocations to treat asbestos-related infirmities. The goal of this article is to review the policy guidelines for disposal of asbestos and assess its robustness as a measure of socio-environmental risk reduction. The study utilises a systematic review of policy guidelines on asbestos, air, and water quality regulations against their implementation reviewed in Environmental Impact Assessment reports from 2013 to 2021. Studies assessing thermal and chemical treatment processes for asbestos are reviewed to assess the processes involved and acquire information based on efficiency in terms of cost, technological applicability, and minimal environmental effects. The review shows that more risks are inherent from landfilling, which is considered safe in the regulations. Examples include compromised standards of disposal and unforeseen risks arising from geologic activity that may create channels for leaching and other exposure pathways. This review proposes that the policy guidelines should ‘rethink’ and adopt conversion of the substance through processes such as dissolution in acids (and) or thermal conversion processes. The processes guarantee the elimination of the fibres and yield by-products that can be further processed, namely, glass and fertilisers. Additionally, they reduce waste and relieve landfills while optimising land use. Despite the high initial costs, the merits of the process offer significant trade-offs. There is a need for comprehensive data collection, especially on volume, detailed geophysical information, type of Asbestos Containing Material and coherence of policy guidelines. This sets precedence for the adoption of a circular economy which Kenya is determined to embrace. Also, it will present an opportunity for research and innovation that will contribute to a global knowledge base.

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4

Steiner, William E., John L. M. Koehler, and William W. Popenuck. "Guadalupe Corridor Transportation Project asbestos health risk assessment, San Jose, California." Science of The Total Environment 93 (April 1990): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(90)90099-g.

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5

Promentilla, M. A. B., and G. L. Peralta. "An evaluation of landfill disposal of asbestos-containing waste and geothermal residues within a risk-assessment framework." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101630300003.

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6

Labagnara, Davide, Mario Patrucco, and Achille Sorlini. "Occupational Safety and Health in Tunnelling in Rocks Formations Potentially Containing Asbestos: Good Practices for Risk Assessment and Management." American Journal of Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 646–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2016.646.656.

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7

Golbaghi, Ameneh, Leila Nematpour, Zabiholah Damiri, and Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi. "Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of air pollutant in a steel industry." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 1950–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211571950.

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Background: Chemical risk assessment is one of the major strategies that can help prioritize hazardous pollutants and decide on appropriate control measures. Objective: This study aim was evaluating carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects of chemical and fume compounds in a steel industry in South Iran. Methods: This study conducted in one of the steel industry with 1600 workers. After sampling the inhalation air of workers exposed to various chemicals, the method provided by risk assessment information system (RAIS) was used to assess cancer carcinogenic and non-Carcinogenic risk based on the findings. Results: Asbestos with the content of 1.5×10-10, chromium 1.36×10-2, and lead 5.38×10-5 definitive cancer and definite cancer are in the category of minor cancer effects, respectively. In calculating the non-cancer risk, the risk factor for Quotient Hazard Non-cancer (HQ) in hydrogen sulfide, chromium, and manganese were 3.08×102, 5.71×10-2, and 9.13×102 respectively, indicating non-cancer risk in them. Conclusion: Based on the values provided by the environmental protection agency, it is observed that some pollutants in the steel industry during the study period will increase the risk of cancer and non-cancerous diseases for steel industry workers. Therefore, considering appropriate engineering and management controls can help prevent these effects. Keywords: Carcinogenic risk, Chemical contaminants, Non-carcinogenic risk.

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8

Ardizzone, Michele, Carlotta Vizio, Elena Bozzetta, Marzia Pezzolato, Serena Meistro, Alessandro Dondo, Ilaria Giorgi, et al. "The wild rat as sentinel animal in the environmental risk assessment of asbestos pollution: A pilot study." Science of The Total Environment 479-480 (May 2014): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.108.

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9

Bergamaschi, Enrico, Giacomo Garzaro, Georgia Wilson Jones, Martina Buglisi, Michele Caniglia, Alessandro Godono, Davide Bosio, Ivana Fenoglio, and Irina Guseva Canu. "Occupational Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Nanofibres: More Than a Cobweb." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030745.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are erroneously considered as singular material entities. Instead, they should be regarded as a heterogeneous class of materials bearing different properties eliciting particular biological outcomes both in vitro and in vivo. Given the pace at which the industrial production of CNTs/CNFs is increasing, it is becoming of utmost importance to acquire comprehensive knowledge regarding their biological activity and their hazardous effects in humans. Animal studies carried out by inhalation showed that some CNTs/CNFs species can cause deleterious effects such as inflammation and lung tissue remodeling. Their physico-chemical properties, biological behavior and biopersistence make them similar to asbestos fibers. Human studies suggest some mild effects in workers handling CNTs/CNFs. However, owing to their cross-sectional design, researchers have been as yet unable to firmly demonstrate a causal relationship between such an exposure and the observed effects. Estimation of acceptable exposure levels should warrant a proper risk management. The aim of this review is to challenge the conception of CNTs/CNFs as a single, unified material entity and prompt the establishment of standardized hazard and exposure assessment methodologies able to properly feed risk assessment and management frameworks.

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10

Labagnara, Davide, Mario Patrucco, Piergiorgio Rossetti, and Valeria Pellegrino. "Predictive assessment of the asbestos content in the Western Italian Alps: an essential tool for an effective approach to risk analysis and management in tunneling operations and muck reuse." Environmental Earth Sciences 70, no. 2 (December 23, 2012): 857–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-2174-1.

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11

Orsi, Micaela, Chafik Al Hatem, Riccardo Leinardi, and François Huaux. "Carbon Nanotubes Under Scrutiny: Their Toxicity and Utility in Mesothelioma Research." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (June 29, 2020): 4513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134513.

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Research on the toxicity of engineered carbon nanotubes (CNT) was initiated by Belgian academic chemists and toxicologists more than 15 years ago. It is now undisputed that some of these attractive nanomaterials induce serious illness such as fibrosis and cancer. The physico-chemical determinants of CNT-induced adverse effects are now elucidated and include shape, nanoscale diameter, and structural defects. Generated in vitro and in vivo data on their inflammogenic and fibrogenic activities were combined and translated in AOP (adverse outcome pathways) available for risk assessment and regulatory policies. The asbestos-like carcinogenic effect of CNT, notably their capacity to induce malignant mesothelioma (MM), remain, however, a cause of concern for public health and strongly curb the craze for CNT in industries. MM still represents a real challenge for clinicians and a highly refractory cancer to existing therapeutic strategies. By comparing mesotheliomagenic CNT (needle-like CNT-N) to non mesotheliomagenic CNT (tangled-like CNT-T), our group generated a relevant animal model that highlights immune pathways specifically associated to the carcinogenic process. Evidence indicates that only CNT-N possess the intrinsic capacity to induce a preferential, rapid, and sustained accumulation of host immunosuppressive cells that subvert immune surveillance and suppress anti-mesothelioma immunity. This new concept offers novel horizons for the clinical management of mesothelioma and represents an additional tool for predicting the mesotheliomagenic activity of newly elaborated CNT or nanoparticles.

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12

Fowler, D. P., and E. J. Chatfield. "Surface Sampling for Asbestos Risk Assessment." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 41, inhaled particles VIII (January 1, 1997): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/41.inhaled_particles_viii.279.

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13

Silverstein, Michael A., Laura S. Welch, and Richard Lemen. "Developments in asbestos cancer risk assessment." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 52, no. 11 (November 2009): 850–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20756.

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14

Jeong, Jae-Won, Kwang-Su Kim, Sun-Ja Cho, and Sang-Joon Lee. "Asbestos Exposure and Health Risk Assessment in Asbestos-Containing Buildings." Journal of Environmental Science International 21, no. 9 (September 30, 2012): 1069–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/jes.2012.21.9.1069.

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15

Selikoff, Irving J. "Asbestos Disease-1990-2020: The Risks of Asbestos Risk Assessment." Toxicology and Industrial Health 7, no. 5-6 (September 1991): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379100700513.

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16

Browne, K. "Risk assessment in the asbestos cement industry." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 45, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.45.10.720.

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17

Finkelstein, M. M. "Risk assessment in the asbestos cement industry." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 45, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.45.3.201-a.

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18

Bhattacharya, Kunal, Elke Dopp, Poonam Kakkar, Farhat N. Jaffery, Dietmar Schiffmann, Marie-Claude Jaurand, Irfan Rahman, and Qamar Rahman. "Biomarkers in risk assessment of asbestos exposure." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 579, no. 1-2 (November 2005): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.02.022.

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19

Son, Byeung Hun, and Wha Me Park. "A Study on the Asbestos Risk Assessment with Usage of Building." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.709.

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Asbestos collectively refers to a set of naturally existing silicate minerals with fibrous structures, and is a natural mineral in fibrous forms that was originally serpentines or amphiboles. Because of its properties such as resistance to heat, chemical resistance and corrosion; tensile strength; sound absorption; and affordable prices, it had been widely used as building materials, fire resistant and retardant, thermal and heat insulation, sound absorbent, and electrical insulation. Since the prolonged inhalation of asbestos can cause serious illnesses such as lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis after an incubation period of 20 to 40 years, the mineral was classified as Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In Korea, asbestos-containing construction materials had been widely used until asbestos was added to the hazardous substance requiring permission for use by the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and use of asbestos was totally banned in February 2009. This survey was conducted with 45 buildings to assess asbestos-containing materials used by usage of building. It was found that asbestos-containing construction materials were used in 27 buildings out of 45 buildings surveyed.

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20

Cugliari, Giovanni, Alessandra Allione, Alessia Russo, Chiara Catalano, Elisabetta Casalone, Simonetta Guarrera, Federica Grosso, et al. "New DNA Methylation Signals for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Risk Assessment." Cancers 13, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 2636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112636.

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Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm. Patients are usually diagnosed when current treatments have limited benefits, highlighting the need for noninvasive tests aimed at an MPM risk assessment tool that might improve life expectancy. Three hundred asbestos-exposed subjects (163 MPM cases and 137 cancer-free controls), from the same geographical region in Italy, were recruited. The evaluation of asbestos exposure was conducted considering the frequency, the duration and the intensity of occupational, environmental and domestic exposure. A genome-wide methylation array was performed to identify novel blood DNA methylation (DNAm) markers of MPM. Multiple regression analyses adjusting for potential confounding factors and interaction between asbestos exposure and DNAm on the MPM odds ratio were applied. Epigenome-wide analysis (EWAS) revealed 12 single-CpGs associated with the disease. Two of these showed high statistical power (99%) and effect size (>0.05) after false discovery rate (FDR) multiple comparison corrections: (i) cg03546163 in FKBP5, significantly hypomethylated in cases (Mean Difference in beta values (MD) = −0.09, 95% CI = −0.12|−0.06, p = 1.2 × 10−7), and (ii) cg06633438 in MLLT1, statistically hypermethylated in cases (MD = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.04|0.10, p = 1.0 × 10−6). Based on the interaction analysis, asbestos exposure and epigenetic profile together may improve MPM risk assessment. Above-median asbestos exposure and hypomethylation of cg03546163 in FKBP5 (OR = 20.84, 95% CI = 8.71|53.96, p = 5.5 × 10−11) and hypermethylation of cg06633438 in MLLT1 (OR = 11.71, 95% CI = 4.97|29.64, p = 5.9 × 10−8) genes compared to below-median asbestos exposure and hyper/hypomethylation of single-CpG DNAm, respectively. Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) for Case-Control Discrimination showed a significant increase in MPM discrimination when DNAm information was added in the model (baseline model, BM: asbestos exposure, age, gender and white blood cells); area under the curve, AUC = 0.75; BM + cg03546163 at FKBP5. AUC = 0.89, 2.1 × 10−7; BM + cg06633438 at MLLT1. AUC = 0.89, 6.3 × 10−8. Validation and replication procedures, considering independent sample size and a different DNAm analysis technique, confirmed the observed associations. Our results suggest the potential application of DNAm profiles in blood to develop noninvasive tests for MPM risk assessment in asbestos-exposed subjects.

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21

Cahill, Ed. "Sampling, Analysis, and Risk Assessment for Asbestos and Other Mineral Fibers in Soil." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 26, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/eeg-2286.

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ABSTRACT Asbestos may be present in soil as a natural occurrence or by contamination from asbestos-containing building materials, illegal dumping of asbestos, or other human activities. When trying to properly assess asbestos and other mineral fiber content in a sample by microscopy, soil is a problem matrix in all respects. Even defining the sample to be collected requires forethought and can greatly influence the final analytical result. Determining the sampling approach as well as the best sample preparation and analysis techniques are critical to obtaining accurate results in a metric that is useful to the end user. This article provides an overview of the various approaches that can be applied to assist those involved with asbestos in soil projects. There are many analytical techniques that can be applied for the determination of asbestos content in soil, including visual observation in the field, stereomicroscopy, polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and others. All of these techniques have their own inherent strengths and weaknesses. Fortunately all of the analysis options are complementary, and using multiple techniques can help to better characterize a sampling site and provide a more comprehensive assessment. Time and cost constraints will typically play a role in determining the final sampling and analysis plan.

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22

Song, Su-Jin, Bong-Ki Jang, Bong-Hyun Jo, Yeong-Ji Kim, Eun-Hyeop Heo, Joung-Dae Lee, Bu-Soon Son, and Jong-Wha Lee. "An Asbestos Risk Assessment and Areal Distribution of Asbestos Containing Materials in Public Buildings." Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 26, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15269/jksoeh.2016.26.3.267.

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23

Campopiano, A., D. Ramires, A. M. Zakrzewska, R. Ferri, A. D'annibale, and G. Pizzutelli. "Risk Assessment of the Decay of Asbestos Cement Roofs." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 53, no. 6 (June 2, 2009): 627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mep036.

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24

Kim, In Ja, Jeong-Wook Kim, Hyun Sik Ryu, and Myung Chae Jung. "Friable Test and Risk Assessment for Asbestos in Soils using the Releasable Asbestos Sampler (RAS)." Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment 17, no. 5 (October 31, 2012): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7857/jsge.2012.17.5.068.

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25

Bloise, Andrea, Claudia Ricchiuti, Eugenia Giorno, Ilaria Fuoco, Patrizia Zumpano, Domenico Miriello, Carmine Apollaro, Alessandra Crispini, Rosanna De Rosa, and Rosalda Punturo. "Assessment of Naturally Occurring Asbestos in the Area of Episcopia (Lucania, Southern Italy)." Fibers 7, no. 5 (May 16, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7050045.

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Over the last few years, the risk to human health related to asbestos fiber exposure has been widely demonstrated by many studies. Serpentinites are the main rocks associated with naturally occurring asbestos (NOA). In order to investigate the presence of NOA, a mineralogical study was conducted on eleven serpentinite samples collected nearby the village of Episcopia (Lucania, Southern Italy). Various analytical techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) were used to determine the occurrence of asbestos minerals and to make morphological observations. Results pointed out that all of the samples contain asbestos minerals (e.g., tremolite, actinolite and chrysotile). Moreover, it was observed that both natural processes and human activity may disturb NOA-bearing outcrops and provoke the formation of potentially inhalable airborne dust causing the release of asbestos fibers into the environment, thereby increasing the risk to human health. For this reason, our study aims to highlight the requirement of a natural asbestos survey and periodic update in the area.

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26

Maulida, Puteri Tiara, Jeong Wook Kim, and Myung Chae Jung. "Environmental Assessment of Friable Asbestos from Soil to Air Using the Releasable Asbestos Sampler (RAS)." Toxics 10, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120748.

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The objectives of this study are to examine the feasibility of the releasable asbestos sampler (RAS) equipment for laboratory tests as an alternative to activity-based sampling (ABS), and to apply the equipment controlled by wind velocity and water contents in the field to asbestos-contaminated soils. Two asbestos-contaminated mines (the Jecheon mine and the Jongmin-ri mine) were selected. At each mine, 21 surface soils (0~15 cm) were sampled, the asbestos concentrations were analyzed, and then three representative sites, containing 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75% of asbestos in soils, were chosen to evaluate the amount of releasable asbestos by the modified RAS with wind velocity and water contents. The results showed that the levels of releasable asbestos from soil to air increased with higher wind velocities and lower water content. In addition, the application of risk assessment of releasable asbestos in the soils as an alternative to the activity-based sampling (ABS) method was established at each site, and an estimation of the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) was also calculated. According to the calculation, the estimated ELCR values did not exceed the threshold value (1 × 10−4) in the Jecheon mine for all the soils, while some samples from the Jongmin-ri mine exceeded the threshold value. Therefore, proper remediation work is needed to control friable asbestos from soils to air in the vicinity of the mines.

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27

Jeong Tai Kim and John A. Hoskins. "Asbestos in Korean Buildings, Safety Concerns, and Sensible Risk Assessment." Indoor and Built Environment 19, no. 1 (February 2010): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x09357997.

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28

Rasmuson, Eric, Andrey Korchevskiy, and Jim Rasmuson. "Retrospective Exposure Reconstruction: Reverse Models of Asbestos Health Risk Assessment." ISEE Conference Abstracts 2013, no. 1 (September 19, 2013): 3842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/isee.2013.p-1-05-34.

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29

Jeong, Jae-Won, Sunja Cho, Geun-Tae Park, and Sang-Joon Lee. "Health Risk Assessment and Evaluation of Asbestos Release from Asbestos-cement Slate Roofing Buildings in Busan." Journal of Environmental Science International 22, no. 12 (December 31, 2013): 1579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/jesi.2013.22.12.1579.

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30

Bailar, John C. "Asbestos in Commercial and Public Buildings: Risk Assessment, Technology Assessment, and Public Policy." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 9, no. 11 (November 1994): 777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047322x.1994.10388411.

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31

Lee, Eun-Soo, and Young-Ki Kim. "Asbestos Exposure Level and the Carcinogenic Risk Due to Corrugated Asbestos-Cement Slate Roofs in Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 28, 2021): 6925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136925.

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Asbestos-cement slate roofs are one of the most common environmental causes of asbestos exposure. However, few studies have examined residential asbestos-cement slate-related exposure and its effects on human health. This study was performed to evaluate cumulative asbestos exposure levels and to calculate the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of residents of asbestos-cement slate-roofed houses. We reviewed previous Korean literature to estimate the concentration of airborne asbestos from asbestos-cement slate roofed buildings. Finally, eight studies were selected, and a pooled analysis was performed. The results derived from the pooled analysis were combined with the data from a health impact survey conducted from 2009 to 2016 at the Environmental Health Center for Asbestos (EHCA) of the Yangsan Pusan National University Hospital, and a carcinogenic risk assessment was performed. As a result, the representative value of the indoor exposure concentration related to asbestos-cement slate was found to be 0.0032 f/cc on average, and the representative value of the exposure related to occupational asbestos-cement slate dismantling and demolition was found to be 0.0034 f/cc. In addition, the ELCR of asbestos-cement slate related indoor exposure and occupational dismantling and demolition was found to be of medium risk, and the ELCR of residential dismantling and demolition of asbestos-cement slate was less than 10−6, indicating that the risk was low. Since there is no threshold for carcinogenicity related to asbestos, this should not be ignored even if the risk appears low, and it would be reasonable to calculate the carcinogenic risk based on total lifetime exposure. More studies on asbestos exposure scenarios and the scope of similar exposure groups through additional data collection and further analysis of risk are needed.

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32

Lee, Junhyeok, Daejong Kim, Sungwon Choi, and Hyunwook Kim. "Asbestos Exposure and Risk Assessment by ABS(Activity Based Sampling) for Former Asbestos Mining Areas in Korea." Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 25, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15269/jksoeh.2015.25.1.72.

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33

Sofilić, Tahir, Anita Begić Hadžipašić, and Una Sofilić Šimić. "Experiences in asbestos-containing waste management in the Republic of Croatia." Sigurnost 64, no. 1 (April 5, 2022): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31306/s.64.1.6.

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This paper presents an overview of asbestos production data worldwide and in the Republic of Croatia in the period 2000 to 2018 as well as the asbestos consumption data from 1995 to 2010. The results of asbestos waste collection from 1995 to 2018 have been analyzed and the experiences of the Republic of Croatia in the management of asbestos-containing waste have been described in accordance with the applicable national legislation. Although asbestos does not pose a risk if its products do not become damaged by fracture, or during transportation or decomposition, it poses a potential danger to human health. In today's world, every five minutes someone dies from a disease related to asbestos, such as asbestosis and cancer caused by asbestos. For these reasons, most countries adopted the obligation to execute a series of measures to stop using asbestos in 1999, while at the same time in the Republic of Croatia still imported about 4000 tonnes of asbestos per year. In 2006, the Republic of Croatia banned the production, transport, and use of asbestos, and the asbestos objects whose lifetime expired ended up in municipal waste, causing the need for special regulations in order to arrange the management of asbestos containing waste. Over the past ten years, the Republic of Croatia has developed an asbestos waste management system. Regardless of the success of its application, certain improvements are needed, as data on the amounts of reported construction waste, and thus the part containing asbestos, do not coincide with economic and other indicators for the construction sector.

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34

Bridgman, S. "Community health risk assessment after a fire with asbestos containing fallout." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 55, no. 12 (December 1, 2001): 921–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.55.12.921.

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35

Goldstein, Bernard D. "Risk assessment and risk management." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 4, no. 1 (February 1985): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620040101.

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36

Lee Davis, Devra, Barbara Mandula, and John Van Ryzin. "Assessing the Power and Quality of Epidemiologic Studies of Asbestos-Exposed Populations." Toxicology and Industrial Health 1, no. 4 (October 1985): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100407.

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This paper briefly discusses criteria for evaluating epidemiologic studies for risk assessment purposes, using asbestos as an example. Asbestos is one of the few carcinogens for which substantial data exist on exposures to humans. However, there are major difficulties in using these data for conducting risk assessments. In particular, exposure data are often incomplete, and risk assessments usually involve extrapolating from the higher exposures of the occupational environments to the lower levels typically encountered in the nonoccupational environment. The term "asbestos" refers to the fibrous form of several minerals, and levels of exposures to these fibers are not easily assessed. Criteria for evaluating epidemiologic studies used in an Ontario Royal Commission report on asbestos are discussed. The importance of considering the statistical power of studies to detect an excess risk is examined using as examples major cohort studies of asbestos-exposed workers, as summarized in a report by the U. S. National Research Council.

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37

HISANAGA, Naomi. "Health Risk Management of Citizens Exposed to Asbestos Non-Occupationally." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 24, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 10_40–10_43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.24.10_40.

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Kraus, Thomas, and Helmut Teschler. "Update der AWMF-S2k-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Begutachtung asbestbedingter Erkrankungen." ASU Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin 2021, no. 02 (January 27, 2021): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asu-2102-7795.

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Update of the AWMF S2k guideline “Diagnostics and Assessment of Occupational Asbestos-related Diseases” – What’s new? The S2k guideline “Diagnostics and Assessment of Occupational Asbestos-related Diseases” was updated in November 2020. This article summarises the most important changes. There is a new reference to the risk of potentially high exposures to asbestos fibres when renovating plaster, fillers and adhesives containing asbestos. Biomarkers such as mesothelin and calretinin should currently only be used in the context of research. “Asbestos airways disease”, which can only be diagnosed histologically, is included in the guideline as an early form of asbestosis. Since the UIP („usual interstitial pneumonia“) pattern is not characteristic of asbestosis, computed tomography cases with UIP patterns alone cannot be assigned reliably to asbestosis without the simultaneous detection of pleural plaques. With regard to the evaluation of functional damage, attention is drawn to the importance of flow volume curve, wholebody plethysmography, diffusion capacity and exercise testing. If available, the reference values according to the Global Lung Initiative (GLI) are the basis of assessment. The guideline contains specific recommendations on prevention, medical treatment and, for the first time, the importance of outpatient rehabilitation and training therapy. There are also references to the assessment of the new occupational disease ovarian cancer after occupational exposure to asbestos. Keywords: occupational asbestos-related diseases – guideline – asbestos airways disease – asbestosis

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Egilman, David, and Joan Steffen. "Commentary on “Assessment of Health Risk From Historical Use of Cosmetic Talcum Powder”." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 28, no. 3 (August 19, 2018): 400–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291118794166.

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In response to recent litigation, Colgate Palmolive hired Exponent to determine if various samples of their cosmetic talc products contained asbestos. Anderson et al., Exponent employees, claim to report the findings of these analyses in their paper “Assessment of Health Risk from Historical Use of Cosmetic Talcum Powder.” The microscopist who reviewed the samples found four anthophyllite fibers. One of the authors of Anderson et al., Patrick Sheehan, who is not a microscopist, directed the reviewing microscopist to alter the report and add the qualification that “…this classification was inconclusive due to the small number counted.” Deviations from the referenced analytical methods, however, would account for the small number of fibers counted relative to the limit of detection. Anderson et al., reported that “no asbestos fibers were detected in any of the eighteen samples analyzed” based on the report’s altered conclusions.

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Vudrag, Marko, Tatja Rihtar, and Miljana Vegnuti. "Mesothelioma Risk Associated with Asbestos Production in Slovenia." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-61-2010-1939.

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Mesothelioma Risk Associated with Asbestos Production in SloveniaThe aim of this study was to assess malignant mesothelioma morbidity due to exposure to asbestos in a population living in districts Nova Gorica and Tolmin (49,850 people) near the asbestos manufacturing village Anhovo (Slovenia) and to compare it with the entire Slovene population (1,949,750 people). Crude rates per 100,000 people were calculated from the total number of mesotheliomas, and risk assessment in the studied vs. total population was based on 23 years worth of data. Time series data on mesothelioma cases were also processed as a forecast of new cases by 2010.The crude incidence of mesothelioma per 100,000 individuals for all of Slovenia was 21.4, while for the Nova Gorica district including the village Anhovo it is 170.2 and for the Tolmin district 60.9. The probability of a mesothelioma case in the studied population was 8.5 times the probability of the same diagnosis in the whole of Slovenia. Over 23 years, 28% of all mesothelioma cases in Slovenia were diagnosed in the studied population, which makes only 2.5% of the total Slovene population.The outbreak of asbestosis and mesothelioma epidemics in the studied population is associated with manufacture of asbestos products in the local factory from 1922 to 1996.

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AOYAGI, Midori. "Risk Assessment, Risk Management and Risk Communication." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 21, no. 9 (2016): 9_32–9_34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.21.9_32.

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Ierardi, A. Michael, Claire Mathis, Ania Urban, Neva Jacobs, Brent Finley, and Shannon Gaffney. "Potential airborne asbestos exposures in dentistry: a comprehensive review and risk assessment." Critical Reviews in Toxicology 51, no. 4 (April 21, 2021): 301–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2021.1910624.

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Bae, Nayoung, Myeongchae Jeong, and Jongmun Cha. "Study of Evaluation Method of Risk Assessment in Soil Contaminated with Asbestos." Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers 53, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2016.53.1.044.

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Amati, Monica, Marco Tomasetti, Laura Mariotti, Lucia Miria Tarquini, Matteo Valentino, and Lory Santarelli. "Assessment of Biomarkers in asbestos-exposed workers as indicators of cancer risk." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 655, no. 1-2 (August 2008): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.06.011.

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Montizaan, G. K., A. G. A. C. Knaap, and ]C A. Van Der Heijden. "Asbestos: Toxicology and risk assessment for the general population in The Netherlands." Food and Chemical Toxicology 27, no. 1 (January 1989): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(89)90093-8.

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Petriglieri, Jasmine Rita, Danilo Bersani, Christine Laporte-Magoni, Mario Tribaudino, Alessandro Cavallo, Emma Salvioli-Mariani, and Francesco Turci. "Portable Raman Spectrometer for In Situ Analysis of Asbestos and Fibrous Minerals." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010287.

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Asbestos inhalation is associated with fatal respiratory diseases and raises concerns from the perspective of workplace safety and environmental impacts. Asbestos and asbestos-like minerals naturally occur in rocks and may become airborne when outcrops or soils are disturbed by anthropic activities. In situ detection of these minerals is a crucial step for the risk evaluation of natural sites. We assess here whether a portable Raman spectrometer (pRS) may be used in the identification of asbestos and asbestos-like minerals at the mining front during exploitation. pRS performance was tested at three geologically different mining sites in Italy and New Caledonia and compared with a high-resolution micro-Raman spectrometer (HRS). About 80% of the overall in situ analyses at the mining front were successfully identified by pRS, even when intermixed phases or strongly disaggregated and altered samples were analyzed. Chrysotile and tremolite asbestos, asbestos-like antigorite, and balangeroite were correctly detected during surveys. The major difficulties faced during in situ pRS measurements were fluorescence emission and focussing the laser beam on non-cohesive bundles of fibers. pRS is adequate for discriminating asbestos and asbestos-like minerals in situ. pRS may support risk assessment of mining sites to better protect workers and environment.

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Dauden, Esteban, and Diamant Thaci. "Risk assessment and management." Expert Review of Dermatology 3, sup1 (August 2008): S41—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/17469872.3.4s.s41.

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Ziegel, Eric R. "Risk Management and Assessment." Technometrics 33, no. 1 (February 1991): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1991.10484797.

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Metnitz, Philipp GH. "From risk assessment to risk management." Current Opinion in Critical Care 16, no. 5 (October 2010): 475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcc.0b013e32833e81ed.

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Jones, C. "Risk assessment and clinical risk management." British Journal of Psychiatry 171, no. 3 (September 1997): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.171.3.290b.

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