Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arts cubains'

Neste trabalho analisamos a história do Instituto Cubano del Arte e Indústria Cinematográficos, primeiro organismo cultural criado após a Revolução cubana, e seu papel na política cultural, entre 1959 e 1991. Por meio da análise de documentos da política cultural, da revista Cine Cubano, além de depoimentos, críticas e alguns filmes que repercutiram especialmente os dilemas e questionamentos dos intelectuais cubanos, abordamos as tensões entre a política cultural oficial, o ICAIC e os projetos dos cineastas. Esse Instituto, pelo qual circularam muitos cineastas latino-americanos e europeus, foi palco de debates, disputas políticas e diversas polêmicas envolvendo filmes e tendências estéticas, como o realismo socialista e a nouvelle vague. Nossa tese é de que o ICAIC, pode ser considerado uma instituição privilegiada no meio cultural cubano, pois consolidou uma autonomia relativa em relação aos mecanismos de controle governamentais, por meio da ação dos cineastas e da mediação da direção do Instituto. Esta autonomia foi abalada, em diversos momentos, em função de fatores como a reestruturação do Estado, os fracassos econômicos e o acirramento do autoritarismo em Cuba, principalmente a partir dos anos 70. Ainda assim, o Instituto se readaptou às demandas políticas governamentais num jogo político de adesão e resistência à política cultural oficial, que tornou possível a produção de vários filmes ambíguos e críticos ao regime, ao longo desse período.
This work analyzes the history of the Cuban Institute for Art and Film Production (ICAIC) ? the first cultural organization created after the Cuban Revolution ? and its role in cultural policy between 1959 and 1991. Through the analysis of documents on cultural policy, the magazine Cine Cubano, in addition to testimonies, critiques and a set of films specifically relevant to the issues and dilemmas of Cuban intellectuals, the thesis delves into the tensions between official cultural policy, the ICAIC, and film makers? projects. Various Latin American and European film makers were involved with the institute, and it served as a forum for debate, political discussions and varied polemics related to film and aesthetic tendencies, including Socialist Realism and New Wave. The thesis proposes that ICAIC constituted a privileged institution in the Cuban cultural environment because ? through the action of film makers and the mediation of the Institute?s leadership ? it attained relative autonomy with respect to mechanisms of government control. This autonomy was unsettled, at different points, by factors such as state restructuring, economic failure and the entrenchment of authoritarianism in Cuba, especially from the 1970s onward. Still, the institute adapted to the demands of government policy through a political dynamic that alternated adhesion and resistance to official cultural policy, making possible the production of various films that were ambiguous and critical of the regime during that period.

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Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
History

[EN] TRADUCCIÓN AL INGLÉS I. SUMMARY This is a research project focused on the study of Cuban Art in Valencia. Is a didactic and chronological collection about the artistic work of Cuban plastic artists in the exhibition project in Valencia in the years ranging from 1993 to 2013, beginning the study for an approach to education and the promotion of fine arts in Cuba. The tour begins with a descriptive analysis of the teaching of art in Cuba, the period of 1975-1988, its premises, structure and phases, all portrayed through the prism target a full course of learning. The explanation for the structural design of the system is shown by analyzing each level of training, supervision by tests indicating test as the method of controlling the stages completed. Radiography system displays the definition of studies in stages, elementary, middle and senior level, each with four years of study and finally a year of dissertation. To continue making a detailed breakdown of promoting the arts in Cuba, from 1988 to 2003, the institutions of the CNAP (National Council of Plastic Arts), in its pyramidal structure in charge of the development and implementation of cultural policy for the Fine Arts in all the national territory. Cuban art in the exhibition project in Valencia from 1993-2013, describes a journey through the exhibition uniqueness of Cuban artists in the framework of the cultural program of Valencia. Over 150 performances in the visual arts are the best indication of a presence, which by its dynamism and plurality acts as a catalyst body of the foreign presence in the local reality, serving as a phenomenon of cultural hybridization. After analyzing the programming of more than 100 spaces dedicated to cultural promotion, reading dozens of curriculum, catalogs, interviews with artists and gallery owner's about the presence of Cuban Art in Valencia, a reality described is broken through statistics comprising the contrasting performances, number of exposures per year, the exhibition historical analysis by gender, number of exponents artists during this period and the inventory of printed studied the entire stage. The culmination of this journey through the Cuban Art in Valencia is a cultural project with artists living in Valencia as protagonists, thirteen artists with thirteen proposals within fourteen days, all within the framework of the international conference for the day of Cuban culture is proposed. Art, music, food, dance, performing arts, literature and crafts are combined in a modern setting such as the Cultural Center of Rambleta to offer two weeks where Valencia becomes the center of the Cuban culture in the community. Boomerang is an open space that will allow Valencia, share a few days with expressions of folklore and Cuban culture in general. This event culminates the efforts to show to the group of Cuban artists in Valencia as a socio-cultural phenomenon that takes these twenty years contributing in line with the Valencian society to make this country a better, more educated and more free.
[ES] I. RESUMEN Es este un proyecto investigador centrado en el estudio del Arte Cubano en Valencia. Constituye una recopilación didáctica y cronológica acerca del quehacer artístico de los creadores plásticos cubanos dentro del proyecto expositivo en Valencia en los años que comprenden desde 1993 al 2013, comenzando el estudio por un acercamiento a la enseñanza y la promoción de las Artes Plásticas en Cuba. El recorrido comienza con un análisis descriptivo de la enseñanza del arte en Cuba, del periodo de 1975 a 1988, sus premisas, estructura y fases, todo retratado desde el prisma objetivo de un ciclo completo de aprendizaje. La explicación del diseño estructural del sistema, se muestra analizando cada nivel de adiestramiento, indicando la supervisión mediante exámenes de comprobación como el método de fiscalizar las etapas superadas. La radiografía del sistema muestra la definición de estudios por etapas, nivel elemental, nivel medio y nivel superior, cada uno con cuatro años de estudios y finalmente un año de tesis. Para continuar haciendo un detallado desglose de la promoción de las bellas artes en Cuba, desde 1988 al 2003, las instituciones del C.N.A.P., (Consejo Nacional de las Artes Plásticas), en su estructura piramidal que se encargaban del desarrollo y aplicación de la política cultural para las Bellas Artes en todo el territorio nacional. El Arte Cubano dentro del proyecto expositivo en Valencia desde 1993 a 2013, describe un recorrido a través de la singularidad expositiva de los creadores cubanos en el marco de la programación cultural de Valencia. Más de 150 actuaciones dentro de las artes visuales constituyen el mejor indicativo de una presencia, que por su dinamismo y pluralidad funciona como un ente catalizador de la presencia foránea en la realidad local, ejerciendo como un fenómeno de hibridación cultural. Tras el análisis de la programación de más de 100 espacios dedicados a la promoción cultural, de la lectura de decenas de currículum, catálogos, entrevistas con artistas y galeristas sobre la presencia del Arte Cubano en Valencia, se desglosa una realidad descrita a través de las estadísticas que comprenden las actuaciones contrastadas, número de exposiciones por año, análisis del histórico expositivo por géneros, cantidad de artistas exponentes durante este periodo, así como el inventario de los impresos de toda la etapa estudiada. Como colofón de este recorrido por el Arte Cubano en Valencia se propone un proyecto cultural con artistas residentes en Valencia como protagonistas, trece artistas con trece propuestas en catorce días, todo dentro del marco de las jornadas internacionales por el día de la cultura cubana. Plástica, música, gastronomía, danza, artes escénicas, literatura y artesanía se conjugan en un espacio moderno como es el Centro Cultural de La Rambleta, para ofrecer dos semanas donde Valencia se convierte en el centro de la cultura cubana en la comunidad. Boomerang es un espacio abierto que permitirá a los valencianos, compartir durante unos días con expresiones del folklore y la cultura cubana en general. Este evento culmina los esfuerzos para mostrar al colectivo de artistas cubanos en Valencia como un fenómeno socio-cultural que lleva estos veintiún años contribuyendo en sintonía con la sociedad valenciana para hacer de este territorio un mundo mejor, más culto y más libre.
[CAT] Traducción al valenciano: I. RESUM És este un projecte investigador centrat en l'estudi de l'Art Cubà a València. Constituïx una recopilació didàctica i cronològica sobre el quefer artístic dels creadors plàstics cubans dins del projecte expositiu a València en els anys que comprenen des del 1993 al 2013, començant l'estudi per un acostament a l'ensenyança i la promoció de les Arts Plàstiques a Cuba. El recorregut comença amb una anàlisi descriptiva de l'ensenyança de l'art a Cuba, del període de 1975 a 1988, les seues premisses, estructura i fases, tot retratat des del prisma objectiu d'un cicle complet d'aprenentatge. L'explicació del disseny estructural del sistema, es mostra analitzant cada nivell d'ensinistrament, indicant la supervisió per mitjà d'exàmens de comprovació com el mètode de fiscalitzar les etapes superades. La radiografia del sistema mostra la definició d'estudis per etapes, nivell elemental, nivell mitjà i nivell superior, cada un amb quatre anys d'estudis i finalment un any de tesi. Per a continuar fent un detallat desglossament de la promoció de les belles arts a Cuba, des del 1988 al 2003, les institucions del C.N.A.P., (Consell Nacional de les Arts Plàstiques), en la seua estructura piramidal que s'encarregaven del desplegament i aplicació de la política cultural per a les Belles Arts en tot el territori nacional. L'Art Cubà dins del projecte expositiu a València des del 1993 al 2013, descriu un recorregut a través de la singularitat expositiva dels creadors cubans en el marc de la programació cultural de València. Més de 150 actuacions dins de les arts visuals constituïxen el millor indicatiu d'una presència, que pel seu dinamisme i pluralitat funciona com un ens catalitzador de la presència forana en la realitat local, exercint com un fenomen d'hibridació cultural. Després de l'anàlisi de la programació de més de 100 espais dedicats a la promoció cultural, de la lectura de desenes de currículum, catàlegs, entrevistes amb artistes i galeristes sobre la presència de l'Art Cubà a València, es desglossa una realitat descrita a través de les estadístiques que comprenen les actuacions contrastades, nombre d'exposicions per any, anàlisi de l'històric expositiu per gèneres, quantitat d'artistes exponents durant este període, així com l'inventari dels impresos de tota l'etapa estudiada. Com a colofó d'este recorregut per l'Art Cubà a València es proposa un projecte cultural amb artistes residents a València com a protagonistes, tretze artistes amb tretze propostes en catorze dies, tot dins del marc de les jornades internacionals pel dia de la cultura cubana. Plàstica, música, gastronomia, dansa, arts escèniques, literatura i artesania es conjuguen en un espai modern com és el Centre Cultural de La Rambleta, per a oferir dos setmanes on València es convertix en el centre de la cultura cubana en la comunitat. Bumerang és un espai obert que permetrà als valencians, compartir durant uns dies amb expressions del folklore i la cultura cubana en general. Este esdeveniment culmina els esforços per a mostrar al col¿lectiu d'artistes cubans a València com un fenomen sociocultural que porta estos vint-i-un anys contribuint en sintonia amb la societat valenciana per a fer d'este territori un món millor, més culte i més lliure.
Duverger Charón, A. (2016). ARTE CUBANO. Papel del Arte Cubano dentro del Proyecto Expositivo en Valencia, (1993/2013) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/61486
TESIS

This study will assess five contemporary female artists to explore ways in which their art production can be meaningfully read in relation to their sense of being Cuban and what this might mean for them at this juncture in Cuba's history. The first three chapters introduce the artists - Maria Magdalena Campos-Pons, Marta Maria Perez, Belkis Ayon, Tania Bruguera and Sandra Ramos - and the unique Cuban visual arts spectrum post-1980, vis-a-vis movements, people, ideology, education and the impact of socialist influences. Key factors regarding Cuban identity will also be examined; gender, race, socio-cultural and religious practices, as these elements have been fundamental to the self-conscious identity constructions of these women through their art. As products of the revolutionary process, artists have delivered sophisticated avant-garde high art creations that embody the worldviews of the Cuban people. And, as professional artists, they are afforded specific ideological, ethical and social responsibilities and privileges within Cuban society. Their creative endeavours have become much-needed critical spaces to comment when other Cubans cannot and to consider issues of specific relevance to their country. Drawing on the resources of iconography and various semiotic devices, the following three chapters focus on these women's lives and artistic trajectories via the topics they address, such as myth, religion, displacement and the Cuban Diaspora. As a recurrent element in their work and one historically connected to the Cuban visual arts tradition and notions of identity, their portrayals of the female body will be read as sites for socio-cultural, personal and ideological discourse within the parameters of the contemporary socialist Cuban framework. Also, the nature of the plastic arts medium and the possibilities inherent in being a Cuban artist will be examined, and the other 'bodies' present in their work; the body of the audience and the body of the artwork.

L’analyse des centaines de références culturelles du roman (noms d’artistes et œuvres de toutes disciplines) montre que le paradigme de la « synthèse des arts » par l’écriture est en jeu dans tous les aspects narratifs : construction des personnages comme artistes, description théâtralisée ou métaphorisée du réel, figuration de l’histoire et du processus révolutionnaire. Les arts y sont maniés avec une maîtrise qui tient du « système », totalité très structurée, traversée de denses réseaux de signification à connexions multiples. En effet, la prolifération des références n’entame pas une extrême cohérence générale : c’est l’expression d’un rêve d’ « œuvre d’art totale », panorama des esthétiques du XXe siècle, et même d’ « œuvre totale » embrasant celle de Carpentier tout entière. La composante spirituelle du concept s’y retrouve dans la vénération pour l’art de deux narrateurs, Religion de l’Art qui place Carpentier, avec ses moyens littéraires, dans la droite lignée du « Gesamtkunstwerk » de Wagner.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 30, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-136).

There is a longstanding historical and cultural relationship between Congo and Cuba via the slave trade and the ‘return’ of Cuban music to Africa, a relationship that has apparently been very scantily documented. It is acknowledged that Congolese roots are present in Cuban music but there is little musical analysis of the actual elements concerned. This thesis addresses this imbalance. Using a performance-as-research methodology, it charts the formation and experience of the fusion band Grupo Lokito. Through bringing Congolese and Latin musicians together in a performance situation, I explore the ways in which musicians from the two traditions recognise and assimilate each other’s groove. This dissertation investigates whether the historic connections enable contemporary musicians from both worlds to recognise similarities in each other’s music. Also included is a historical overview of the Congolese arrival on Cuba, how Congolese musical practices were preserved and assimilated into Cuban music as well as an overview of the evolution of twentieth-century Congolese music. Existing research has focused on issues such as the return of Cuban music to Congo (Topp Fargion 2004), the emergence of rumba Lingala in the 1950s and 1960s (Kazadi 1970; Stewart 2000), and the subsequent development in the 1970s and 1980s of Congolese music away from the Cuban era (Stewart 2000; Ewens 1994). However, this thesis argues that, rather than diverging from the 1970s onwards as is frequently thought, Congolese and Cuban music retained commonalities that can be recognised by musicians immersed in the two styles. An analysis of the musical structure and instrumentation of well-known Cuban and Congolese songs is included, as well as original compositions by Grupo Lokito, with further audio and video available on the separate CD and video. The accompanying CD Rom details the process of creation of material and outlines relevant musical structures.

La thèse étudie les représentations endogènes de l'identité cubaine à travers six œuvres filmiques adaptées de la littérature nationale : Cecilia de Humberto Solás, La Bella del Alhambra de Enrique Pineda Barnet, Los Sobrevivientes, Memorias del subdesarrollo et Fresa y chocolate de Tomás Gutiérrez Alea et Madagascar de Fernando Pérez. La partie "Introduction" expose le contexte historique, social et culturel de la Révolution cubaine et définit des notions telles que l'adaptation, l'identité, la nation et le nationalisme. Ensuite, l'étude s'organise en trois parties qui abordent les représentations filmiques et littéraires de Cuba dans le contexte prérévolutionnaire (I), au lendemain de la Révolution (II) et enfin à l'époque contemporaine (III). Nous nous interrogeons sur des aspects tant esthétiques (les rapports entre le cinéma et la littérature) qu'idéologiques (la relation entre l'art et l'Etat) et sur le rôle de l'artiste dans la construction des représentations collectives. Les écrivains et cinéastes cubains proposent au travers des œuvres étudiées un questionnement des modèles héroïques et des mythes, un renouvellement des stéréotypes ainsi que de nouvelles formes de cubanité
This thesis studies the endogenous representations of Cuban identity through six motion pictures adapted from the national literature : Cecilia by Humberto Solás, La Bella del Alhambra by Enrique Pineda Barnet, Los Sobrevivientes, Memorias del subdesarrollo and Fresa y chocolate by Tomás Gutiérrez Alea, and Madagascar by Fernando Pérez. The first part sets out the historical, social and cultural context of the Cuban Revolution, and defines notions such as adaptation, identity, nation and nationalism. The study is then organized into three parts, dealing with the representations of Cuba in movies and literature in the pre-revolutionary context (I), after the Revolution (II) and in contemporary times (III). We tackle aesthetic issues (the movie-literature relationships), as well as ideological ones (the connection between art and State) ; we also wonder about the part played by the artist in the construction of collective representations. Through the works that we study, Cuban writers and directors have attempted to question the myths and heroic models, to renew the stereotypes and create new forms of Cubanity

This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
History

Ce travail a pour dynamique la construction d’une analyse à la croisée des disciplines des sciences humaines pour mettre en avant les enjeux de la construction du ballet cubain dans la rhétorique révolutionnaire. La Ballet National de Cuba (nationalisé depuis 1959), en tant qu’institution, met en scène des mécanismes et des valeurs propres à la structure du pouvoir dans le régime castriste. Dans cette société, mue par une adaptation des théories marxistes-léninistes, la distanciation vis-à-vis de la religion laisse envisager que d’autres croyances, d’autres pratiques ou d’autres images participent à la production d’une forme de sacré qui forge le lien social et l’identité de la société cubaine. Le ballet cubain peut donc être analysé comme un témoin privilégié de ces particularités, notamment dans le sort que lui et les autorités cubaines réservent à ses icônes féminines et à la diffusion de l’idéal de la danseuse romantique
This work has for objective the construction of an analysis between the Human Sciences inorder to put forward to advance the stakes in the construction of the Cuban ballet in the revolutionary rhetoric. The National Ballet of Cuba (nationalised since 1959), as an institution, stages mechanisms and values for the structure of the power in the Castro regime. In this society, moved by an adaptation of the theories Marxists-Leninists, the distance towards the religion let us envisage that the other faiths, the other practices or the other images participate in the production of a shape of crowned which forges the social link and the identity of the Cuban society. The Cuban ballet can be analysed thus as a privileged witness of these peculiarities, in particular in the perspetives reserve for its feminine icons and for the broadcasting of the ideal of the romantic dancer

Il est très délicat de parler " d'identité " cubaine sans la problématiser, la nuancer ou la circonstancier. Cuba est pourtant une île fouettée par des courants venus de tous les horizons, un creuset où se sont mêlées les cultures qui semblent définir son caractère propre. Le cas du théâtre est un exemple incontestable. Le théâtre cubain est un art plus ou moins sinistré à l'intérieur même de ses frontières. Mais après la révolution il commence à renaître. Le théâtre cubain a accompagné l'histoire de la révolution cubaine au milieu d'un siècle de grandes guerres et de mouvement de libération nationale. L'éclosion des années 1960 paraît ainsi être l'apogée de l'écriture dramatique cubaine, et la représentation dans le pays, de ce fait, le théâtre cubain rencontre une spécificité propre à l'intérieur et en dehors de l'île. Les dramaturges cubains représentent dans leurs œuvres la thématique cubaine dans et en dehors de l'île, intimement lié à la circonstance politique révolutionnaire et à ses conséquences dans la famille cubaine et l'individu. Tout ceci participe du " cubain ", autant d'exemples qui montrent la difficulté de parler d'un théâtre cubain. Il n'y pas qu'une seule façon de faire du cubain, car chaque auteur, chaque histoire est différente et implique différentes manières de percevoir " la cubania ", que ce soit dans l'aspect comique, tragique, réaliste, " absurdiste " ou politique, la spécificité de l'île est bien là.

Mediante de un acercamiento cronológico, esta disertación analiza la función de la ideología como herramienta poderosa para construir la nación y moldear al futuro ciudadano en la narrativa infantil cubana pre y pos-revolucionaria. Aunque una tradición y un proceso de formación de identidad nacional anteceden la literatura infantil publicada antes del triunfo de la Revolución, en los períodos posteriores existe una estrecha relación entre el contexto social de los textos y su función ideológica. Partiendo de “La Edad de Oro” (1889) de José Martí, este estudio se enfoca en los cambios socio-culturales que influyen en el desarrollo de una narrativa infantil nacional que transita del didacticismo más férreo a una variada exploración temática. Por encontrarse entre la Colonia y la etapa revolucionaria, el período republicano ha recibido poca atención crítica, marginado a veces de la herencia literaria de la nación. Sin embargo, el análisis de varios textos representativos en este período permite apreciar la integración de un pensamiento cubano desde búsquedas y posiciones muy diferentes a las del período siguiente, de 1959 a 1989. A partir de 1990 una diversificación temática fomenta objetivos muy distantes del enunciado didáctico. Este estudio concluye que en contraste con los pertenecientes a generaciones anteriores, en los escritores formados dentro de la Revolución, especialmente a partir de la década del ochenta, existe un interés especial por abordar temáticas inexploradas en la literatura infantil tradicional. El divorcio, la muerte, los conflictos generacionales y las diferencias raciales son sólo algunos de los temas que matizan la narrativa infantil posrevolucionaria, cuyos presupuestos ideo-estéticos, se encuentran intrínsecamente relacionados al contexto sociocultural.

Dance
Ph.D.
In the 1940s, Alicia Alonso became the first Latin American dancer to achieve prominence in the field of ballet, until then dominated by Europeans. Promoted by Alonso, ballet took firm roots in Cuba, particularly after the Cuban Revolution (1959). This dissertation integrates historical research, postcolonial critique and discourse analysis to explore the performative and discursive strategies through which Alonso defined the identity of the Cuban ballet. The study examines the historical context of the development of ballet in Cuba, Alonso's rationale for the practice of this dance form on the Island, and the relationship between the Cuban ballet and the European ballet. Alonso insisted that the cultivation of ballet in her country was not an act of cultural colonialism. For her, the development of the Cuban ballet amounted to an exploration of a distinctive Cuban voice within this dance form, a reformulation of a European legacy from a postcolonial perspective. Her rationale for the practice of ballet in Cuba captured the tension between cosmopolitan and nationalist forces that defined the country's artistic production throughout the twentieth century. Alonso defended the legitimacy of the Cuban dancers' performances of European classics such as Giselle and Swan Lake. She cast Cuban dancers as both heirs of the European nineteenth-century classics, but also proponents of a distinctive national aesthetics defined by the accents that they brought to the performance of this repertory and that, in her opinion, were expressive of the Cuban culture. Alonso proposed that, among other elements, a special sense of musicality distinguished Cuban dancers: she recycled the image of Cubans as a musical people, a trope that commonly informs representations of Cubans and their culture. The phenomenon of Alonso and the Cuban ballet helped to redraw the international boundaries of this dance form, disassociating the notion of ownership of ballet's legacy from its geographic and cultural origins in Europe. In today's dance world, increasingly marked by the international flow of dance genres, the study of Alonso's promotion of ballet in Cuba sheds light on the practices and discourses through which dancers assimilate and take ownership of foreign traditions.
Temple University--Theses

This dissertation presents findings from ethnographic research conducted with members of the Sociedad La Unión Martí-Maceo, established by segregated Black Cuban cigar workers in Ybor City in 1904. For decades, Tampa officials have initiated numerous urban revitalization projects aimed at developing a world-class tourist destination and metropolitan center. Often, these efforts have centered on highlighting the ethnic history of Ybor City, from which the participation of Black Cubans and the Martí-Maceo Society have been actively excluded or ignored. The main issues related to contemporary Afro- Cuban identity in Tampa and which will be examined in my dissertation, include the changing nature of the Afro-Cuban community in Tampa in light of increases in migration of Cubans and other Latinos of color to the area; Martí-Maceo members’ struggle to reclaim an Afro-Cuban heritage within Tampa’s larger historic preservation efforts over the past decade; and an examination of the Martí-Maceo Society as a voluntary association that appears to have outlived its usefulness in present-day Tampa despite efforts by elderly members to sustain and expand it.

In my dissertation, I study a selection of little known Spanish and Cuban texts published during the Cuban War of Independence at the end of the 19th century. In this project, I provide a transatlantic approach of literary texts in various genres and subgenres, and political messages exchanged between Cuba and Spain, which have been neglected by scholars in the field. By analyzing the emergence of a colonial discourse in the works of novelists, politicians and thinkers who wrote about the Cuban-Spanish confrontation, I establish their ambiguous and frequently contradictory colonial messages. In doing so, this dissertation furthers our understanding of the complexities of the political moment as well as the interest and ideals that ignited the conflict. The study is of great relevance in view of the recent agreements between the United States and Cuba. The relations between the two countries are evolving in a way that was unthinkable at the beginning of the 20th century. Furthermore, secessionist feelings within the Spanish nation are reemerging and similar allegations and demands that brought Cuba to independence are in place. For all these reasons, it is necessary revisiting and comprehending the complex and, frequently contradictory, discourses that emerged in a moment, which was determinant for the development and future political attitudes of the three nations involved.

Since the beginning of the Revolutionary government in Cuba, a comprehensive foreign policy involving medical personal and equipment has been implemented worldwide. Known as medical internationalism, thousands of doctors have been sent to developed and less developed nations in the spirit of solidarity and humanitarian aid. Even more, thousands of students have been given free medical education in Cuba at its world renowned university, the Latin American School of Medicine (ELAM). Often, no monetary or direct political gain is made by Cuba and the doctors simply receive their normal government salary. While the success of Cuba's medical internationalism is well documented (Feinsilver 1993, Kirk & Erisman 2009), the reasons and guiding forces behind it are much less understood. Based on a Cultural/Political Foreign Policy model created by Marijke Breuning to study foreign policy, this study aims to show that the concept of proletarian internationalism is the guiding principle in Cuba's medical internationalism programs.

Entre le début des années cinquante et la fin des années soixante, nombre de réalisations symptomatiques des nouveaux cinémas latino-américains se trouvent influencées par le néoréalisme italien. Le cinéma cubain est généralement associé à ce phénomène, et les relations privilégiées entretenues avec le scénariste italien Cesare Zavattini participent pour beaucoup à confirmer cet état de fait. Pourtant, après 1959, de multiples contradictions viennent remettre en question cette filiation néoréaliste supposée et maintes fois réaffirmée. L’étude menée cherche ainsi à reconsidérer l’allégation de départ et à mesurer l’impact de la Révolution cubaine sur cette interrelation cinématographique
From the early fifties to the late sixties, a certain number of films, representing the new paths of latin-american cinema, were influenced by the italian neo-realism. Cuban cinema is usually perceived as a part of this phenomenon and, mainlyamongst other things, the privileged relations with the italian screenwriter Cesare Zavattini tend to confirm this statement. However, after 1959, many contradictions rise up and lead to question this so-called filiation, still many times re-affirmed. It is the aim of the present study to question the former statement and measure the impact of the Cuban Revolution on this cinematographic inter-relation

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Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
The present paper brings up the discussion on the grounds of movies adaptation from novel, both talking about it theoretically and through a comparative study of the relationship between texts from each semiotic system. The theoretical chapters of this paper bring, in the first place, the issue of cinematographic adaptation and its ways of dialoguing with literary pieces. The adopted point of view is based on the bakhtinian idea of dialogism and intends upon remaining distant from the common crictical vein which treats the subject of movie-novel analysis as a matter of fidelity, and which understands adaptation as a kind of translation. The paper brings also a theoretical material related to the discussion of the matter of point of view in fictional narratives. The subject is treated both in relation to theory of literature and the cinematographic studies, showing points of proximity and distance between the languages. The analytic part of this paper concerns the construction of the point of view, at first separately in the novel Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas (Epitaph of a small winner), from Machado de Assis, and in the movie Memórias póstumas (Posthumous memoirs), from the director André Klotzel, followed by a closing ponderation on the ways in which the referred works are related.
O presente trabalho trata da relação entre literatura e cinema, discutindo a questão do ponto de vista teórico, além de trazer uma aplicação prática de análise, em que se traça um estudo comparativo entre textos das duas esferas semióticas. Nos capítulos teóricos, discute-se, em primeiro lugar, a questão da adaptação cinematográfica, atentando-se especificamente para as suas relações com a literatura. A visão aqui adotada baseia-se no conceito bakhtiniano do dialogismo e procura afastar-se do veio crítico bastante comum que fundamenta as análises romance-filme na discussão da fidelidade e que compreende adaptação como uma forma de tradução. O trabalho traz ainda material teórico relacionado à focalização nas narrativas ficcionais. Debate-se tal questão no que diz respeito tanto à teoria literária como à linguagem fílmica, apontando para fatores de aproximação bem como afastamento entre as duas. A análise tratará no romance Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis e no filme Memórias póstumas, de André Klotzel, da configuração do foco narrativo em cada uma delas separadamente, complementando-se por um momento de ponderação da relação entre as obras.

The purpose of this thesis was to explore how alchemy has influenced Carlos Estevez’s work through a study of the symbolic repertoire and the philosophical concepts associated with it in his art, particularly how these are expressed in his artworks and how alchemy has evolved thematically in his oeuvre. The study of alchemy influenced this artist so deeply that even pieces that were not primarily inspired by this philosophical system show traces of it, essentially by representing the concept of transformation, crucial to understanding the alchemical process. This thesis is based on Carl Gustav Jung’s idea of metaphysical transformation as one of the main aspects of alchemy, and on his theory of active imagination as a tool to represent thoughts through artworks. Alchemy transformed Estevez’s art, and by extension the way he approaches life, making him conscious of the importance of transmutation and alchemical concepts.

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The present work is a study on the relationship in music for brass quintet and percussion Charanga Jazz Mambo by Pedro Rodrigues Carneiro, focusing on expressive accents, specifically in the diction used by brass players. Based on the analogy developed by Harnoncourt (1998) between the onset of sound and speech, as well as, the historical changes of attitude in relation to composers writing detailed the score, the research points to the development of instrumental technique, exposing the model standard quintet metals, their variations as well as collaboration in the drafting, interpretation and dissemination of the piece contained in this work. As a source of information about the author, still unknown in academia, we present a brief biography of the composer. Expressive elements such as tempo and articulation, are explained in the description of the work, focusing attention on expressive accents, suggesting the phonemes “TA” or “DA” depending on the nature harder or softer, respectively, from the beginning of each note.
O presente trabalho é um estudo sobre a articulação na música para quinteto de metais e percussão Charanga Jazz Mambo de Pedro Rodrigues Carneiro, com foco nos acentos expressivos, especificamente na dicção utilizada pelos instrumentistas de metais. Partindo da analogia desenvolvida por Harnoncourt (1998) entre a maneira como o som é iniciado e a fala, bem como das mudanças históricas da atitude de compositores em relação à escrita minuciosa da partitura, a pesquisa aponta o desenvolvimento da técnica instrumental como um dos responsáveis pelo surgimento de conjuntos de sopro, expondo o modelo padrão de quinteto de metais, suas variações, bem como a colaboração na elaboração e interpretação da obra constante deste trabalho. Como fonte de informações sobre o autor, ainda desconhecido no meio acadêmico, é apresentada uma sucinta biografia. A articulação é explicitada na descrição da obra, concentrando a atenção na dicção, ao sugerir os fonemas “TA” ou “DA” conforme a natureza mais dura ou mais suave, respectivamente, do começo de cada nota, relacionando-os às especificidades do mambo, como a moña, o tumbao, o montuno e principalmente a clave.

En esta tesis analizaré en la poesía de Georgina Herrera, Nancy Morejón y Excilia Saldaña 1 los conceptos de género y raza y cómo han sido apropiados del esquema patriarcal y redefinidos en la elaboración de identidad y nación a través de lo que Flora González Mandri y Catherine Davies han llamado la memoria cultural. Mi propósito es demostrar como dichas poetas han subvertido, a través de la palabra, un discurso historicamente maniqueísta que ha servido para reafirmar la doble subyugación de raza y género, como también exploro los resortes de auto-inscripción y el imaginario mítico-cultural que cada poeta emplea en su poesía para desmantelar el paradigma patriarcal. Lejos de ofrecer un análisis exhaustivo de la obra de cada escritora, mi objetivo es más bien deslindar las complejidades culturales que enmarca la producción literaria de cada una. He tomando en cuenta el contexto sociohistórico de donde surgen para comprender el lugar que han reclamado en la producción y reproducción cultural. Aunque no abordo los discursos de raza y género mediante un filtro estrictamente teórico, más bien utilizo ciertas teorías como ópticas en el vislumbrar poético de la aportación de cada poeta, me he apoyado cuando necesario en algunos postulados feministas, postestructuralistas, y postcoloniales. No obstante mi intención es ante todo ofrecer una lectura que se fundamenta en el análisis literario. En ciertos poemas aplico algunos aspectos de la teoría feminista de bell hooks, la contrapropuesta que ofrece Oyèrónké Oy ĕwùmi ante el discurso feminista occidental, el planteamiento sobre el poder del lenguaje y la dominación del discurso de Michel Foucault, y la teoría postcolonial de Homi Bhaba sobre el tercer espacio y la mímica. Herrera, Morejón, y Saldaña se adueñan de sus historias y reivindican las de sus ancestros femeninos mediante el protagonismo que ejercen como creadora/sujetos. Utilizando los temas de la memoria, la reconstrucción de la identidad, el homenaje a los antepasados femeninos, la recreación del vínculo con África como matriz, el rescate de la imagen de la mujer en el proyecto de identidad nacional, y la exaltación de la maternidad, dichas poetas deconstruyen los estereotipos afro-femeninos para después reconstruir y proyectar la imagen de la mujer dentro de un marco de resistencia. En su afán de desmontar los códigos establecidos, desarticulando y reconstruyendo el pasado para redefinir la identidad de la mujer afrocubana de manera protagónica en el presente, la obra de Morejón, Herrrera, y Saldaña rompe y transciende los parametros vanguardistas del negrismo 2 misógino de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Tras su auto-inscripción dentro de la poesía, la mujer afrocubana se plantea como creadora y portadora de la palabra constructora. En su lucha por crear un sujeto lírico que la represente y quede impreso en el subconsciente imaginario cultural, emerge como la voz más influyente de la poesía cubana post-revolucionaria.

Leaving Little Havana is the story of a young girl who leaves her comfortable middle-class home in La Habana just after the Cuban Revolution and, fighting to overcome cultural and language barriers, forges a new life in Miami. Dealing with a torn identity and discovering her voice are at the center of the narrative. After an endless string of escapades, she finally pulls herself together, learns the value of her inner strength by rising above bleak circumstances and gets accepted to journalism school in California. The book examines the devastating effects of immigration on a family and the struggle of a child of Cuban exiles, coming of age in a foreign society, to beat the obstacles that stand in her way to a stable and satisfying life. The narrator shows that Cuban immigrants share similar challenges with all who have aspired to make America their home.

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Rejected by Paola Damato (repositorio@mackenzie.br), reason: Gi, por favor, confira com a Regina se este autor não entra na forma composta González Hernández, Yadir. on 2017-10-26T14:12:47Z (GMT)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
La publicidad social – de contenido y objetivos sociales – viene siendo ampliamente utilizada hace años, no solo en su cuna, esto es, los países desarrollados, sino también, y cada vez con más fuerza, en los países subdesarrollados y en vías de desarrollo, dado el valor educativo de este tipo de comunicación persuasiva, así como la variedad de causas sociales a las cuales puede contribuir en esas regiones. Paradójicamente, la reflexión teórica sobre este fenómeno comunicativo no logra seguir su rápido desarrollo, siendo aún insuficientes las sistematizaciones científicas sobre el mismo (ALVARADO, 2003). En particular, su lenguaje constituye un objeto de estudio de especial interés, al presentar códigos aún no totalmente establecidos, mientras busca ganar en distinción respecto a la propaganda política y a la publicidad comercial. Insertada en el área de concentración “Estudios discursivos y textuales”, especialmente en la línea de investigación “Lengua, literatura y sociedad: discurso en la comunicación, discurso religioso, discurso pedagógico, discurso político”, del Programa de Postgrado en Letras de la Universidad Presbiteriana Mackenzie, la presente investigación propone un estudio comparativo del lenguaje de la publicidad social cubana y brasileña actual, a partir del caso de la publicidad audiovisual de tránsito, desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar que reúne aportes teóricos de Comunicación y de Letras. El estudio busca identificar las zonas de convergencia y divergencia entre los rasgos que tipifican el lenguaje de la publicidad social en cada país. Teniendo como base los resultados del análisis comparativo, se procura, paralelamente, la determinación de aquellas áreas potenciales de cambio que, en perspectiva, posibilitarían un ajuste del lenguaje de la publicidad social cubana a las transformaciones que el país viene experimentando con la progresiva actualización de su política económica y social. Se constató que el lenguaje de la publicidad social cubana y brasileña actual presenta rasgos en común, como la proximidad de sus representaciones respecto al referente, el recurso de apelar al miedo y el predominio de lo emocional sobre lo racional. En cambio, el brasileño se destaca por ser más cercano al receptor y mucho más elaborado, en términos retóricos y audiovisuales, mientras que el cubano exhibe un estilo más directo y un tono más impositivo, que pueden poner en riesgo la capacidad persuasiva del anuncio e impedirle conectar eficazmente con el público.
A publicidade social – de conteúdo e objetivos sociais – vem sendo amplamente utilizada há anos, não apenas no seu berço, isto é, nos países desenvolvidos, mas também, e cada vez com maior força, nos países subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, dado o valor educativo desse tipo de comunicação persuasiva, bem como a variedade de causas sociais para as quais pode contribuir nessas regiões. Paradoxalmente, a reflexão teórica sobre esse fenômeno comunicativo não consegue acompanhar o seu rápido desenvolvimento, sendo ainda insuficientes as sistematizações científicas sobre o mesmo (ALVARADO, 2003). Em particular, sua linguagem constitui um objeto de estudo de especial interesse, ao apresentar códigos ainda não totalmente estabelecidos, enquanto procura ganhar em distinção em relação à propaganda política e à publicidade comercial. Inserida na área de concentração “Estudos discursivos e textuais”, especialmente na linha de pesquisa “Língua, literatura e sociedade: discurso na comunicação, discurso religioso, discurso pedagógico, discurso político”, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, a presente pesquisa propõe um estudo comparado da linguagem da publicidade social cubana e brasileira atual, com base no caso da publicidade audiovisual de trânsito, de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar que reúne aportes teóricos de Comunicação e de Letras. O estudo visa identificar as zonas de convergência e divergência entre os traços que tipificam a linguagem da publicidade social em cada país. Com base nos resultados da análise comparativa, objetiva-se, paralelamente, a determinação daquelas áreas potenciais de mudança que, em perspectiva, possibilitariam um ajuste da linguagem da publicidade social cubana às transformações que o país vem experimentando com a progressiva atualização de sua política econômica e social. Constatou-se que a linguagem da publicidade social cubana e brasileira atual apresenta traços em comum, como a proximidade das suas representações com relação ao referente, o recurso ao apelo ao medo e o predomínio do viés emocional sobre o racional. Em compensação, a brasileira se destaca por ser mais próxima do receptor e muito mais elaborada, em termos retóricos e audiovisuais, enquanto que a cubana exibe um estilo mais direto e um tom mais impositivo, que podem colocar em risco a capacidade persuasiva do anúncio e impedi-lo de estabelecer uma conexão eficaz com o público.

This study explored the origins, evolution and influence of the tradition of San Lázaro as it currently pertains to the Cuban-American Santeria community in Miami. The main argument of the study is that in the context of the contemporary religious culture of Santeria in Miami, San Lázaro is a hybrid spirit. Many manifestations of healing entities have come to merge in the person of this spirit. Though practitioners identify with specific manifestations of this spirit, the processes of transmigration have blurred the lines of deep-rooted faiths and created a fusion of meanings from disparate traditions, making San Lázaro an ambivalent personality. San Lázaro’s ambivalence is the very quality that makes him such an important Orisha. As a deity whose personalities demonstrates the combination of a diversity of qualities, including those that contradict each other, San Lázaro is deployed in a very broad range of healing context, making him a versatile Orisha. This study clarified the contrasting qualities this deity embodies and traces the socio-historical context in which the deity acquires the layers of meanings it is currently associated with. Drawing on interviews with Lázaranian worshipers [Lázarenos] in Miami and engaging in Bourdieu’s concept of Habitus, the study provided a window into the nature of the tradition of San Lázaro and how its usage is linked with the African heritage of the worshipers.

The Cuban-born artist Ana Mendieta (1948-1985) created the Silueta Series during the 1970s and ‘80s. It consists of earth-body works in situ featuring the silhouette of the artist's body fashioned from mud, plants, rocks, gunpowder and other materials. Underlying the creation of the Silueta Series is Mendieta's belief that the elements are sentient and powerful beings. This perception is particularly strong in the Afro-Cuban religion Santeria, a creolized form of the Òrìsà tradition of the Yoruba of West Africa introduced to the Americas during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. While scholars have noted Mendieta's incorporation of Santeria in her art, a thorough analysis of the iconographical references to the deities have yet to be explored. This thesis aims to provide such an analysis of Mendieta's works; thus enriching the current discourse on the Silueta Series.

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar o conceito est?tico de humor subjacente ?s discuss?es travadas pela cr?tica liter?ria brasileira do s?culo XIX em torno de Mem?rias p?stumas (GUIMAR?ES, 2004), (ROMERO, 1897). No intento de atingi-lo, fez-se necess?rio percorrer dois caminhos: o primeiro deles, acompanhando o processo de estrutura??o do conceito de humor ingl?s at? sua manifesta??o em Tristram Shandy (KLIBANSKY, 1979); (WATT, 2010); o segundo, identificando as particularidades da manifesta??o do humor ingl?s em Mem?rias p?stumas e a din?mica alimentada pela cr?tica brasileira com a quest?o da identidade nacional (CANDIDO, .2012), (MAGALH?ES J?NIOR, 2008).
This paper aims to identify the aesthetic concept of humor underlying Brazilian 19th-century critical readings of Epitaph of a small winner, by Machado de Assis (GUIMAR?ES, 2004; ROMERO, 1897). First, we follow the structuring process of the concept of English humour from the Hippocratic theory of humors through Tristram Shandy, by Laurence Sterne (KLIBANSKY; PANOFSKY; SAXL, 1979; WATT, 2010). Finally, we analyze it in Epitaph of a small winner considering the concept of national identity in Brazilian literary milieu at the time (CANDIDO, 2012; MAGALH?ES J?NIOR, 2008).

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This dissertation aims at presenting an interpretative analysis of female characters in Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, by Machado de Assis, by examining the theoretical perspectives of those characters and of the grotesque images especially focusing Virgília and Eugênia establishing a paradigm with the remaining female characters in the novel. In order to weave Machado de Assis diversity while composing these characters, we present the subsidies pertaining not only to character composition, but also to the grotesque per se. This can be found in the first chapter of this dissertation. To discuss the grotesque and the characters in literature, we used theories such as those presented by Foster, Bakhtin, Rosenfeld, Antonio Candido and Kayser, among other authors. Our assumption is that the female characters in Machado de Assis are strong-minded. Some are always in the command of the situations that they live; others, though presenting less selfexpression, also make a stand wherever they go. Virgília and Eugênia, the female characters studied here, as well as others in Machado de Assis s work and here analyzed are not the main characters in the plot, but to such extent are they strongly portrayed in the novel, that they stand out even more than Brás Cubas himself. This occurs due to their behavior, their social position and the extent of the decision they make under the conditions they are forced to face. The analysis carried out here shows that Machado is the first author to innovate in the composition of female characters, especially in terms of autonomy provision. For this reason, though written in the late nineteenth century, the novel investigated passionately surprises its reader at every new perusal.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise interpretativa das personagens femininas que compõem o universo de Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis, sob as perspectivas teóricas das personagens e das imagens grotescas, com enfoque no par de personagens Virgília e Eugênia, estabelecendo um paradigma com as demais personagens femininas presentes neste romance. Para tecer a diversidade utilizada por Machado de Assis na constituição dessas personagens femininas, apresentamos, no capítulo teórico, os subsídios referentes não só à construção da personagem, como também ao grotesco. Na construção das personagens e do grotesco na literatura, utilizamos as teorias apresentadas por Foster, Bakhtin, Rosenfeld, Antonio Cândido e Kayser, entre outros escritores. Partimos do pressuposto de que as personagens femininas machadianas têm forte personalidade. Algumas delas estão sempre no comando da situação em que vivem; outras, embora com menor expressividade, também deixam suas marcas significativas por onde passam. As personagens femininas Virgília e Eugênia, bem como as outras por nós analisadas, presentes no romance, nem sequer são as protagonistas da história, mas são tão marcantes que sobressaem mais do que o próprio Brás Cubas, pela maneira como se comportam, pela posição que ocupam na sociedade e pelo poder das decisões que tomam perante as circunstâncias que a vida lhes impõe. A análise das personagens femininas mostra que Machado é o primeiro autor a inovar na constituição dessas mulheres, principalmente em termos de autonomia. Por isso o romance em pauta, mesmo tendo sido escrito nos fins do século XIX, a cada leitura surpreende seu leitor de maneira apaixonante.

Les orichas sont des divinités d’origine africaine dont le culte est connu à Cuba sous le nom de Santería ou Regla de Ocha. A travers l’interprétation des œuvres de quatre artistes cubains, cette étude entend retracer la généalogie de l’image artistique de ces entités. Participant au mouvement des avant-gardes parisiennes, Wifredo Lam (1902-1982) est le premier artiste cubain à opérer une réappropriation artistique des orichas, conférant une forme de légitimité à une culture marginalisée dans la société postcoloniale. René Portocarrero (1912-1985) explore le syncrétisme qui a uni les orichas et les images catholiques des Saints et des Vierges et fabrique leur première image humaine. Ce n’est qu’avec Manuel Mendive (né en 1944) que les orichas sont imaginés comme des dieux noirs et deviennent des figures positives de la négritude dans l’art. Afin de remettre en question la supposée ancestralité des orichas, Santiago Rodríguez Olazábal (né en 1955) propose à partir des années 1990 des représentations de ces dieux en prise avec le monde contemporain. Cette généalogie des représentations des orichas permet d’interroger la place des cultures des afro-descendants dans les sociétés postcoloniales, les logiques de conservation du patrimoine afro-cubain et de mise en spectacle de celui-ci, ainsi que les formes d’articulation entre la création artistique d’une ancienne périphérie et le marché international de l’art. Elle propose également une réflexion sur les rapports entre la politique, l’art et la religion dans une période déterminante de l’histoire contemporaine de Cuba
Orichas are not only gods from a syncretic Cuban religion, but also Cuban popular culture characters becoming more and more famous abroad. This work intends to understand the invention of oricha artistic images while studying the artworks of four Cuban artists. Following the surrealist and cubist movement, Wifredo Lam (1902-1982) is the first artist to adopt orichas as a subject for his paintings. Through this choice he legitimates a culture that was marginalized in the postcolonial society until then. René Portocarrero (1912-1985) works on the syncretism between orichas and Catholic Saints and Virgins and builds their human representations. But it’s Manuel Mendive (born in 1944) who creates the figures of the black gods and turn them into positive characters of blackness in art. Santiago Rodríguez Olazábal (born in 1955) designs a new way of representing orichas according to contemporary art aesthetics. This genealogy of the orichas focuses on the Afro Cuban cultures role in postcolonial societies, their folklorisation and adaptation to spectacular shows, and the articulation between perpipherical artistic creation and the international art market. It also considers the links between politics, art and religion during a very relevant period of contemporary Cuban history

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Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
English

Em Beberibe, bairro localizado na área norte da cidade do Recife, estado de Pernambuco, há um morro conhecido por três nomes Alto do Céu, Alto Santa Terezinha e Alto do Pascoal, em cujo topo se encontra o Clube Bela Vista, local de uma festa quinzenal identificada como Noite Cubana, As Cubanas ou a Noite da Família Cubana. A festividade que ocorre desde 1992, reúne mulheres e homens da classe popular, em sua maioria na terceira idade, para dançar o passo a dois ao som das músicas de ramificações cubanas, assim definidas pelos sujeitos que possuem esta prática lúdica. Os seus idealizadores não possuem vínculos familiares nem mesmo descendência caribenha comprovada. O objetivo principal desta dissertação é analisar as produções discursivas que dão alento ao evento a partir dos discursos concedidos pelos fomentadores e frequentadores mais assíduos do entretenimento. A Análise de Discurso (AD), proposta na França por Michel Pêcheux, e no Brasil, por sua discípula Eni Orlandi, serve como âncora teórica e metodológica nesta investigação; esses dois autores serão as principais referências de AD neste trabalho. A AD surgiu na segunda metade dos anos 60 do século XX sob a influência da Linguística, da Psicanálise e do Materialismo Histórico, apontando o discurso como o lugar onde a língua ganha sentido e dá sentido ao sujeito inconsciente a partir da história e das ideologias. A referida pesquisa envolve a observação do acontecimento, análise de material histórico-documental sobre a Cubana e análise discursiva das entrevistas concedidas por quatro mulheres e sete homens com idades entre 45 e 80 anos; a identificação de tais sujeitos é mantida em sigilo ao longo da pesquisa. As entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio e posteriormente transcritas e analisadas a luz da teoria. As analises discursivas desvelam a formação ideológica que os sujeitos têm de si, dos seus interlocutores e do acontecimento lúdico, os quais se materializam entre a paráfrase (o já dito) e a metáfora (o deslocamento) dos sentidos atribuídos histórica e ideologicamente a vocábulos como velho/jovem, pobre/rico, afro-descendente ou não, cavalheiro/dama, familiar ou não, e o que é ser música cubana, dança cubana, cubano natural da ilha caribenha e o que é ser cubano natural de Pernambuco. As produções discursivas permitem que a festa perfumada pelas folhas de canela e embalada por ritmos calientes siga existindo durante 17 anos ininterruptos, dando sentido valorativo ao morro, ao Clube e aos sujeitos envolvidos
In Beberibe, neibourhood placed in the North part of Recife, state of Pernambuco, there is a Hill known as three names Alto do Céu, Alto Santa Terezinha e Alto do Pascoal, where can be found the Bela Vista club, place that twice a month there is a Cuban night, the Cubans or the Cuban family night. This festival has happened since 1992, it gathers men and women from the lower class, most of them senior, to dance in two the songs with Cuban roots, this enjoyable activity is classified this way by them. The organizers do not have any kind of family link even Caribbean dependence. The main objective of this dissertation is analizing the discourse productions of the mentors and participants of this event. The Discourse Analyze (DA) a French proposal made by Michel Pêcheux, and in Brazil, by her disciple Eni Orlandi can be theorical and methodological base in this investigation; these two authors will be the main references of DA in this work. The DA appears in the middle of the 60‟s in the XX century under the linguistic influence, the Psychoanalyzes and the historical materialism, presenting the discourse as a place where the language gets meaning and gives sense to the unconscious person from the history and ideologies. This research involves the observation of the fact, analyze of historical material about the Cuban and discursive analyze of the interview with four women and seven men ages between 45 and 80; during the research the people identities are hidden. The interviews were recorded in audio and latter written and analyzed with theory. The discourse analyses shows the ideological formation that the people has about them, its interlocutor of its interlocutor and enjoyable happening, which became real between the sentence (already Said) and the metaphor (the movement) of the given meaning of the history and there is vocabulary as old/young, poor/rich, afro-descendent or not, gentleman/lady, familiar or not and what is to be Cuban music, Cuban dance, originally Cuban from the Caribbean island and what is to be originally Cuban from Pernambuco. The discursive productions let the party more perfumed by the leaves of cinnamon and calientes rhythm keep existing for 17 unstopped years, making the sill more important, to the club and the people involved

Son innumerables las semejanzas culturales entre Cuba y Bahía en las características de la composición étnica y cultural en las cuales el aporte de varias razas que vinieron de las mismas regiones geográfica crearon una mezcla cultural que presenta puntos comunes en la música, la danza, la culinaria y principalmente en lo que se refiere a la religión de los afro descendientes. También la literatura, integrando el lado simbólico de esas culturas, no podría dejar de recrear esa realidad. En este trabajo me propongo comparar dos novelas latinoamericanas de esas regiones. Ellas son O Sumiço da Santa del escritor brasileño Jorge Amado (1912-2001) y Cuando la sangre se parece al fuego del cubano Manuel Cofiño (1936- 1987). Las obras presentan puntos de convergencia de un diálogo intercultural del que participan las deidades de la religión yoruba, lo que permite que ambas presenten elementos de un confronto de culturas y razas que serán estudiados a partir de la categoría de lo sagrado africano. Para el estudio de lo sagrado dirigimos nuestro interés principalmente para los trabajos de Èmile Durkheim (1996) que define lo sagrado como un hecho social. Como lo sagrado africano aparece en las o obras utilizando el procedimiento de lo real maravilloso incluimos también esa categoría basando nuestro estudio en la obra de Irlemar Chiampi (1980) que incorpora el elemento magia dentro de la categoría de lo real maravilloso. Fue posible constatar que la interrelación de los personajes humanos con los personajes divinos, a través del procedimiento de lo real maravilloso posibilitó, en los primeros un entendimiento del pasado con el presente y la comprensión de las particularidades de una sociedad, en la cual la mezcla racial dio paso a una mezcla cultural que la caracteriza.
São inúmeras as semelhanças culturais entre Cuba e Bahia, nas características da composição étnica e cultural em que o aporte de varias raças vindas das mesmas regiões geográficas criaram uma mistura cultural que apresenta pontos em comum na musica, na dança, na culinária e principalmente no referente à religião dos afro-descendentes. Também a literatura, integrando a face simbólica dessas culturas, não poderia deixar de recriar essa realidade. Nesta pesquisa me proponho comparar dois romances latino-americanos dessas regiões. Eles são O Sumiço da Santa do escritor brasileiro Jorge Amado (1912-2001) e Cuando la sangre se parece al fuego do cubano Manuel Cofiño (1936-1987). As obras apresentam pontos de convergência de um diálogo intercultural do qual participam as deidades da religião yoruba o que permite que ambos apresentem elementos de um confronto de culturas e raças que serão estudados a partir da categoria do sagrado africano. Para o estudo do sagrado dirigimos nosso olhar principalmente para os trabalhos de Èmile Durkheim (1996) que define o sagrado como um fato social. Como o sagrado africano aparece nas obras utilizando o procedimento do real maravilhoso incluímos também essa categoria baseando nosso estudo na obra de Irlemar Chiampi (1980) que incorpora o elemento magia dentro da categoria maravilhoso. Foi possível constatar que a inter-relação dos personagens humanos com os personagens divinos, através do procedimento do real maravilhoso possibilitou, nos primeiros, um entendimento do passado com o presente e a compreensão das particularidades de uma sociedade, em que a mistura racial deu passo a uma mestiçagem cultural que a caracteriza.

This thesis explores the US-based Cuban community through conducting a Quantitative Content Analysis (QCA) on three of the most popular, diasporic newspapers. The manifest content of 30 editorials and other news articles was analysed, utilising deductive reasoning to uncover the presence of soft power. Consequently, the results communicate the diaspora’s support for less coercive measures and policies that welcome increased relations, and often wish to support island-based Cubans. This contradicts the community’s characterisation as a group, who overwhelmingly supports the use of hard power, and wishes to restrict Cuban engagement. This study fits in an underdeveloped area of International Relations (IR) and, therefore, seeks to clarify that the diaspora are not monolithically in favour of hard power policies (that enforce isolation and economic coercion) to achieve its goals. In sum, the study utilises a combined theoretical framework that includes diaspora politics, identity, and soft power to analyse the findings, thus illustrating a frequent presence of soft power throughout many of these diasporic writings.

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Machado de Assis é, com justeza, um grande escritor brasileiro não somente pela sua criatividade e escrita, mas principalmente pelas suas ideias, sua postura diante dos valores, que não raro são questionados em suas obras, o que poderia representar uma postura que, longe de ser simplesmente pessimista, está voltada mais para um padrão niilista de pensamento e visão de mundo. Questionar nem sempre significa destruir. Mas se a destruição se faz inevitável, há de se repor outros valores. A morte nem sempre se configura como um fim, mas pode claramente representar o inicio de uma nova existência. Neste trabalho, será observada a questão do niilismo em Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, acionando filósofos como Nietzsche, para pô-los em diálogo com outros escritores, como Dostoiévski, demonstrando que o niilismo não pode ser considerado um fenômeno regional, mas mundial, demonstrando que em Brás Cubas, tal niilismo converge para outros padrões e para uma possibilidade de resistência através do humor, do riso, da alegria.
Machado de Assis is, rightly, a great Brazilian writer not only for their creativity and writing, but mostly for his ideas, his attitude toward the values that often are questioned in his works, which could represent a position that far to be just pessimistic, it is geared more to a nihilist pattern of thought and worldview. Question does not always mean destroy. But if the destruction is inevitable if there is to reset other values. Death is not always configured as an end, but can clearly represent the beginning of a new existence. In this work, it will be subject to the issue of nihilism in The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas, triggering philosophers like Nietzsche, to put them in dialogue with other writers like Dostoevsky, demonstrating that nihilism can not be considered a regional phenomenon, but worldwide, demonstrating that in Brás Cubas, such nihilism converges to other standards and the possibility of resistance through humor, laughter, joy.

[EN] We begin at chapter 1, an introduction to the formulation of the hypothesis, we mention the history and current status of the topic, as well as a presentation of the contents. At chapter 2, we expose a detailed discussion of the methodology, based on the seven characteristics of Zen painting discoverd by Shinishi Hisamatsu. These characteristics are: 1 - Asymmetry, 2 - Simplicity, 3 - Austere Sublimity or Lofty Dryness, 4 - Naturalness, 5 - Subtle Profundity or Deep Reserve, 6 - Freedom from Attachment, and 7 - Tranquility. At the 2.1 the essential elements of philosophy and practice of Zen Buddhism and Taoism are established. At chapter 3, we analyze four Chinese artists and three Japanese artists as examples of the seven characteristics of Zen painting. Some biographical information of the painters is exposed, especially that connected with the artistic production and the practice of Zen. At the 3.1 we study the first two principles of Chinese painting by Hsie He, they are important to understand the Chinese traditional painting's aesthetic: 1 - Circulation of the ch'i produces life movement, 2 - Brush creates structure. We see these first two principles, as fundamental to the traditional Chinese painting, ch'i or life energy, is not found in the external appearance of objects, this ch'i, is transmitted through the structural brushstrokes in which the opposites yin-yang are involved. We analyze how these principles are linked with characteristics of Zen painting such as Simplicity, Naturalness and Tranquility, as well as with the expression of the Formless Self. Thus in 3.2, we enter into the analysis of the art works of two Chinese painters of the Southern Song Dynasty who embodied and shaped the Zen aesthetic: Mu Xi and Liang Khai. At the 3.3, we explore the art works of Shitao and Zhu Da and, with the help of the seven characteristics. In Shitao we also analyze fragments of his theoretical texts, and the formulation of the concept of the single brushstroke. At the 3.4, we see the art works of the Japanese painter Sesshu T¿y¿ and we analyze three fundamental styles: one more detailed and soft, another of thick lines, hard and more energetic, and a third one, synthetic and spontaneous called hatsu boku or splashed ink. At the 3.5 we study the Japanese painters Hakuin Ekaku and Sengai Gibon. The 4 is a support chapter, an introduction to some Western works of the twentieth century where the seven characteristics of Zen painting are evident. At the 5 we study the mainly monochromatic paintings of Tomás Sánchez and Leandro Soto on the light of Zen painting's characteristics. We also expose an aesthetical link with the Chinese and Japanese paintings analyzed in previous chapters. At the art works of Tomás Sánchez we can see a better relationship with the Simplicity, the Austere Sublimity or Lofty Dryness and the Subtle Profundity or Deep Reserve, while at the art works of Leandro Soto, we appreciate more the Asymmetry, Naturalness and Freedom from Attachment. Excerpts from an interview with each of the artists, are a corroboration of the above criteria. Finally, chapter 6 is dedicated to art works by the author of this thesis, in which the seven characteristics are found. It is introduced with an explanation of the practice of sumi-e ink painting, which is summarized in three stages of the practice: 1 - beginning full of illusions, ingenuity and a certain arrogance, 2 - intensive practice of rules and discipline, 3 - forgetting about oneself and overcoming the rule. At chapter 7 we explain the conclusions in order to corroborate the initial hypothesis.
[ES] Comenzamos en el apartado 1 de introducción con la formulación de la hipótesis, mención de los antecedentes y estado actual del tema, así como una exposición de los contenidos. En el 2, aparece una exposición detallada de la metodología a utilizar, basada en las siete características de la pintura vinculada al Zen de Shinishi Hisamatsu. Estas características son las siguientes: 1 - Asimetría, 2 - Simplicidad, 3 - Austera Sublimidad o Majestuosa Sequedad, 4 - Naturalidad, 5 - Sutil Profundidad o Reserva Honda, 6 - Libertad de Apegos, y 7 - Tranquilidad. En el apartado 2.1 se exponen elementos esenciales de la filosofía y la práctica del Budismo Zen, así como su vinculación al Taoísmo. En el apartado 3, se analizan obras de cuatro pintores chinos y tres japoneses donde se evidencian las siete características de la pintura vinculada al Zen. Se presentan algunos datos biográficos de los autores, especialmente los que tengan que ver con la producción pictórica y su vinculación a la práctica del Zen. Previamente en el 3.1, estudiamos los dos primeros principios de la pintura china de Hsie He, éstos son necesarios para la comprensión de la estética pictórica china tradicional: 1 - La circulación del ch'i produce el movimiento de la vida, 2 - El pincel crea la estructura. Vemos mediante estos dos primeros principios, como lo fundamental para la pintura china tradicional, es la captación del ch'i o energía vital, y no la apariencia externa de los objetos, este ch'i, es transmitido gracias a la pincelada estructural en la cual está implicada la dualidad de opuestos yin-yang. Analizamos como estos principios están vinculados con características de la pintura Zen como la Simplicidad, la Naturalidad y la Tranquilidad, así como con la expresión del Ser Sin Forma. De este modo en el 3.2, entramos en el análisis de obras de dos pintores chinos de la dinastía Song del Sur que encarnaron y dieron forma a la estética Zen: Mu Xi y Liang Khai. En el 3.3, exploramos obras de Zhu Da y Shitao, a la luz de las siete características. De Shitao vemos también fragmentos de sus textos teóricos, y la formulación del concepto de pincelada única. En el 3.4, vemos la obra del pintor japonés Sessh¿ T¿y¿, se muestran tres estilos fundamentales que en su versátil producción creó este maestro: uno más detallado, suave, de trazos diluidos, otro de líneas gruesas, duro, seco, definido, y uno sintético y espontáneo llamado hatsu boku o de tinta salpicada. Estudiamos en el 3.5 obras de los también japoneses Hakuin Ekaku y Sengai Gibon y su relación con el género zenga, literalmente pintura Zen. El apartado 4 es un capítulo de apoyo, una introducción a algunas obras occidentales del siglo XX donde se evidencian las siete características de la pintura vinculada al Zen. En el 5 entramos en el análisis de pinturas con predominio monocromático a la luz de las siete características de Tomás Sánchez y Leandro Soto. Vemos cómo se manifiestan vínculos estéticos con las pinturas chinas y japonesas analizadas en apartados anteriores. Finalmente, el capítulo 6, está dedicado a obras producidas por el autor de esta tesis, en las cuales están presentes las siete características. Se introduce con un texto sobre los procesos de la práctica del arte del pincel y la tinta, el cual se resume en tres etapas: 1 - comienzos llenos de ilusiones, ingenuidad y cierta arrogancia, 2 - práctica intensiva de las reglas y la disciplina, 3 - olvido de sí mismo y superación de la regla. En el apartado 7 vemos las conclusiones con un resumen.
[CAT] Comencem en l'apartat 1 d'introducció amb la formulació de la hipòtesi, menció dels antecedents i estat actual del tema, així com una exposició dels continguts. En el 2, apareix una exposició detallada de la metodologia a utilitzar, basada en les set característiques de la pintura vinculada al Zen de Shinishi Hisamatsu. Estes característiques són les següents: 1 - Asimetria, 2 - Simplicitat, 3 - Austera Sublimitat o Majestuosa Sequedat, 4 - Naturalitat, 5 - Subtil Profunditat o Reserva Fonda, 6 - Llibertat d'Afeccions, i 7 - Tranquil¿litat. En l'apartat 2.1 s'exposen elements essencials de la filosofia i la pràctica del Budisme Zen, així com la seua vinculació al Taoisme. En l'apartat 3, s'analitzen obres de quatre pintors xinesos i tres japonesos on s'evidencien les set característiques de la pintura vinculada al Zen. Es presenten algunes dades biogràfiques dels autors, especialment els que tinguen a veure amb la producció pictòrica i la seua vinculació a la pràctica del Zen. Prèviament en el 3.1, estudiem els dos primers principis de la pintura xinesa de Hsie He, estos són necessaris per a la comprensió de l'estètica pictòrica xinesa tradicional: 1 - La circulació del ch'i produïx el moviment de la vida, 2 - El pinzell crega l'estructura. Veiem per mitjà d'estos dos primers principis, com el més important per a la pintura xinesa tradicional, és la captació del ch'i o energia vital, i no l'aparença externa dels objectes, este ch'i, és transmés gràcies a la pinzellada estructural en la qual està implicada la dualitat d'oposats yin-yang. Analizamos com estos principis estan vinculats amb característiques de la pintura Zen com la Simplicitat, la Naturalitat i la Tranquil¿litat, així com amb l'expressió del Ser Sense Forma. D'esta manera en el 3.2, entrem en l'anàlisi d'obres de dos pintors xinesos de la dinastia Song del Sud que van encarnar i van donar forma a l'estètica Zen: Mu Xi i Liang Khai. En el 3.3, explorem obres de Zhu Da i Shitao, a la llum de les set característiques. De Shitao veiem també fragments dels seus textos teòrics, i la formulació del concepte de pinzellada única. En el 3.4, veiem l'obra del pintor japonés Sessh¿ T¿y¿, es mostren tres estils fonamentals que en el seu versàtil producció va crear este mestre: un més detallat, suau, de traços diluïts, un altre de línies grosses, dur, sec, definit, i un sintètic i espontani cridat hatsu boku o de tinta esguitada. Estudiem en el 3.5 obres dels també japonesos Hakuin Ekaku i Sengai Gibón. L'apartat 4 és un capítol de suport, una introducció a algunes obres occidentals del segle XX on s'evidencien les set característiques de la pintura vinculada al Zen. En el 5 entrem en l'anàlisi de pintures amb predomini monocromàtic a la llum de les set característiques de Tomás Sánchez i Leandro Soto. Veiem com es manifesten vincles estètics amb les pintures xineses i japoneses analitzades en apartats anteriors. En les obres de Tomás Sánchez podem veure una major relació amb la Simplicitat, l'Austera Sublimitat, la Reserva Fonda i la Tranquil¿litat, mentres que en els treballs de Leandro Soto, s'aprecien més la Asimetria, la Naturalitat i la Llibertat d'Afeccions. Finalment, el capítol 6, està dedicat a obres produïdes per l'autor d'esta tesi, en les quals estan presents les set característiques. S'introduïx amb un text sobre els processos de la pràctica de l'art del pinzell i la tinta, el qual es resumix en tres etapes: 1 - començaments plens d'il¿lusions, ingenuïtat i una certa arrogància, 2 - pràctica intensiva de les regles i la disciplina, 3 - oblit de si mateix i superació de la regla. En l'apartat 7 veiem les conclusions amb un resum del camí seguit per a arribar a corroborar la hipòtesi inicial.
Fuentes González, R. (2015). INFLUENCIAS ZEN DE LAS PINTURAS MONOCROMAS ORIENTALES EN OBRAS DE LOS ARTISTAS CUBANOS TOMÁS SÁNCHEZ, LEANDRO SOTO, Y RUBÉN FUENTES [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/53631
TESIS

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Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
The objective of this paper is to discuss how the literary form competes in the building of a historical and social memory of the temporality in the novel Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas by Machado de Assis considering the period in which it was produced. Firstly, it was used Lukács'studies (2000) to talk about the fact that the novel did not have a formal pre adaptation and because of that permitted, more than in other genres, the transposition from reality to the literary plan. Secondly, Machado de Assis was situated in relation to social and political aspects that surrounded the daily life in the Brazilian empire, and also in relation to literary practice and literary plan. Finally, this paper focused on the analysis of the memorial report by the dead-author Brás Cubas. Using the famous metaphors created by Pierre Lévy (1996) virtualization and "update". it was verified how the update about his life imerse in the memorial universe (virtual) made the dead-author to reveal the social and historical context of the court in the 19th century simultaneously.
O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir como no romance Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas de Machado de Assis, a forma literária concorre para a construção do memorial histórico-social da temporalidade em que esta obra foi roduzida. Em um primeiro momento, baseado nos pressupostos de Lukács (2000), discorreu-se sobre o fato de que a não pré-normatização formal no romance permitiu-lhe, mais do que em outros gêneros, a transposição da realidade para o plano literário. Em seguida, situou-se Machado de Assis, tanto em relação às questões políticas e sociais que permeavam o cotidiano do Império brasileiro, quanto frente à pratica literária e à estética realista. Por fim, esta dissertação concentrou-se na análise do relato memorial do defunto autor Brás Cubas. A partir da metáfora da "virtualidade" e da atualização ambos termos conceituados por Pierre Lévy (1996) buscou-se verificar como a atualização que o defunto autor faz de sua trajetória de vida imersa no universo memorial (virtual), revela simultaneamente o contexto histórico-social da corte do século XIX.

Following the 1959 victory of the Cuban revolution, the United States government along with the CIA and their Cuban émigré allies immediately undertook a campaign of subversion and terrorism against the Cuban revolution. From 1959 until 1963 a clandestine war was waged between supporters of the revolution and the counter-revolutionary organizations backed by Washington. This project is a new synthesis of this little-known story. It is an attempt to shed light on a little known aspect of the conflict between the United States government and the Cuban revolution by bringing together never-before seen primary sources, and utilizing the two distinct and separate historiographies from the U.S. and Cuba, concerning the clandestine struggle. This is the story of Cuba’s resistance to intervention, the organization of the counter- revolution, and finally how the constant defeat of CIA plots by the Cubans forced changes in U.S. strategy concerning intervention in Cuba and in other parts of the developing world that would have far-reaching and long-last effects.

In this paper it is argued that participation and public art contribute to sustainable community development. This is a study of four Community Projects in Havana made during a two month stay during summer 2009. The study is based on a number of interviews with people involved in the community projects. By using the Cuban culture and participation as a platform for sustainable community development the Community Projects have created a sense of belongingness and identification in each neighbourhood. This in turn has the ability to join the people together in participatory development work. The Community Projects also function as free space since they are one of the few places where Cubans are allowed to make their own initiatives. This has opened up a discussion between the citizens and the authorities which is important for future urban development. The Community Projects also work with public art in a participatory way that has contributed to place identity and public dialogue in Havana.

In the centuries since the colonization of the New World, the people of Cuba created a strong musical tradition. Initially, their music mirrored the European composition canons of structural, melodic and harmonic order. The eventual confluence of its distinct cultural elements (i.e. the European, African, and, to a lesser extent, Amerindian) led to the emergence of a new, distinctly Cuban musical tradition. The wars for independence that began in the United States and Europe in the eighteenth century created a surge towards political and cultural autonomy that swept across the Latin American colonies, generating a wave of nationalism during the nineteenth century. After finally gaining its independence in 1902, Cuba sought to define itself as a nation. Cubans looked inward to their regional folklore—their indigenous and popular traditions—for the source of their national identity, a trend that became of primary interest to Cuban artists. The nationalist trend found full musical expression during the twentieth century, when composers turned to folklore for their inspiration in creating new art music (works for the concert hall) with a unique sound and vitality. This study concerns itself with the Cuban nationalist movement and its role in the creation of art music by twentieth-century Cuban composers, most specifically that of Mario Abril. The monograph is organized into three general sections: the first section (Chapters 2 and 3) identifies the significant characteristics of nationalism, describes the manifestation of some relevant nationalist movements (e.g., in Europe and Latin America), and explores the manifestation of the nationalist movement in Cuba. The second section (Chapters 4 and 5) provides a history of Cuban art music, concluding with a biographical sketch of composer Mario Abril. The third part (Chapters 6 and 7)consists of a study of the music, beginning with a description of the pertinent characteristics of Cuban popular music, followed by an examination Mario Abril’s Fantasía (Introduction and Pachanga) for clarinet and piano. The document concludes with remarks about the characteristics that qualify the work as an example of Cuban nationalist art music with suggestions for the study and interpretation of the work.

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Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
This dissertation was born from the idea to make the analysis of the character Virgília she begins at Posthumous Reminiscences of Brás Cubas through the figures of language. To its achievement were used like teoric foundation the concepts of the next researchers: Roland Barthes, Chaïm Perelman, Paul Ricoeur, Frederick Nietzche, Olivier Reboul, Quintiliano, Aristóteles, Gèrard Genette, Tereza Lúcia Halliday, Walter de Castro, Hélio de Seixas Guimarães e Ana Cecília Lessa, Beth Brait, Vladímir Propp, Soren Kierkegaard, Márcio Gimenes de Paulo, Henri Bergson e Douglas Colin Muecke. They all, in a way or another, directly or indirectly, take their researches at Rhetoric. This subject was very important to the Greek people because, since the Antiquity, it was necessary to its intelectual upbringing, even though its main goal was to teach speaking and writing well , in other words, its objective was to study the ways of persuation present in the speech. And, how it´s known that there isn t free speech second intentions the Greeks were one of the first people to realize that the maintenance of the power come of the dominance of the persuasive techniques . This way, based on these concepts, looked for to put in evidence the rhetoric elements, or rather, the figures of the language used by Brás Cubas, the narrator of the Posthumous Reminiscences , in the description of Virgília. But, to that, it didn t lose sight this autodiegetic narrator, even though his voice is the only one to tell the respective narrative, and, of course, that he will take this opportunity to denounce the social injustices, even if he has to expose himself (as main character) and Virgília, his old affair
Esta dissertação foi concebida a partir da idéia de se fazer uma análise da personagem Virgília - das Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas - através das Figuras de Linguagem. Para sua realização, foram utilizadas como fundamentação teórica as concepções dos seguintes pesquisadores: Roland Barthes, Chaïm Perelman, Paul Ricoeur, Frederick Nietzche, Olivier Reboul, Quintiliano, Aristóteles, Gèrard Genette, Tereza Lúcia Halliday, Walter de Castro, Hélio de Seixas Guimarães e Ana Cecília Lessa, Beth Brait, Vladímir Propp, Soren Kierkegaard, Márcio Gimenes de Paula, Henri Bergson e Douglas Colin Muecke. Todos eles, de uma forma ou de outra, diretamente ou indiretamente, direcionaram seus estudos à Retórica. A importância desta disciplina advém do fato dela ser, desde a Antigüidade, imprescindível à formação intelectual do povo grego, já que seu objetivo principal era ensinar "a falar e escrever bem", ou seja, era estudar os "meios de persuasão" presentes no discurso. E como nenhum discurso é desprovido de segundas intenções, sabia-se, já naquela época, que a manutenção do poder provinha do domínio das "técnicas persuasivas". Assim, partindo desses conceitos, procurou-se justamente colocar em evidência os recursos retóricos, ou melhor, as figuras de linguagem utilizadas por Brás Cubas o narrador das "Memórias" na caracterização de Virgília. Mas, para isso, não se perdeu de vista este narrador autodiegético (a única voz a narrar a história), porque é claro que ele irá se aproveitar desta situação para denunciar as mazelas sociais, ainda que tenha de expor a si mesmo (enquanto protagonista) e Virgília, seu antigo caso amoroso

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The purpose of this study is to investigate how the authoral division is processed in the romance Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas and what it represents to the realistic-cienficist literary patterns of the XIX century. Having as a central focus the questioning about the authorial signature, the critical analysis concentrated itself in the strategies of this authorial dissemination through three basic principles: the duplicity of the opening prologues between Brás Cubas supposed author and Machado de Assis the authorial signature inscribed in the book; the fiction of the dead author and the conception of autobiography as a portrait of the real author, questioning the frontiers between the fictional and empirical author; the truncated citations and the continuous dislocations of the supposed author Brás Cubas to the function of reader of his own book, which turns the reader into an author, promoting a corrosion of the authorial unity. As a conclusion, the study demonstrated that the questioning of the authorial signature in Memórias Póstumas was an instabilizing element of the romance standard in the realism-naturalism of the XIX century, also affecting the criticism of the sources by means of the authorial reading fiction responsible for the gnawing citations of an author-reader that speaks to us from the other side of the mistery
A proposta deste estudo é investigar como a divisão autoral é processada no romance Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas e qual sua representação para o cientificismo-realista literário do século XIX. Apresenta como foco central o questionamento sobre a paternidade autora. A análise crítica se concentrou nas estratégias dessa disseminação autoral por meio de três princípios básicos: a duplicidade dos prólogos de abertura entre Brás Cubas autor suposto - e Machado de Assis - a assinatura autoral inscrita no livro; a ficção do autor morto e a concepção de autobiografia como retrato do autor real, colocando em questão as fronteiras entre autor ficcional e empírico; as citações truncadas e os contínuos deslocamentos do autor suposto Brás Cubas - para a função de leitor do próprio livro que escreve, o que faz do leitor autor, promovendo a corrosão da unicidade autoral. Como conclusão, o estudo demonstrou que o questionamento da paternidade autoral em Memórias Póstumas foi um elemento desestabilizador do modelo de romance do realismo-naturalismo do século XIX, bem como abalou os pressupostos da crítica de fontes por meio da ficção de leitura autoral responsável por citações roídas de um autor-leitor que nos fala do outro lado do mistério

Cette étude a comme but l analyse des romans Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas (1880-1), Esaú e Jacó (1904) et Memorial de Aires (1908) de l oeuvre de Machado de Assis, par le moyen des caractéristiques disposées dans son aspect narratif. On demontre que l aspect narratif de ces romans surpasse les conventions stylistiques en vigueur à l époque de son écriture et engendre des opérations discursives qui considèrent cet aspect comme l apparence d un discours dont l ordre s établit par la voie des effets du sens. Ce sont ces effets du sens, compris par les opérations discursives qui établissent, au cours de la narration, un indicatif de la mise en scène du désir des personnages, déterminant de leurs choix et leurs destinées et entrevu dans leurs paroles et leurs actions. De cette façon, on signale sur le texte un ordre désirante parallele à l ordre de la narration. On prend la psychanalyse comme support théorique, en faisant sa convergence sur la théorie et la critique littéraires. On relève plutôt, dans l analyse y proposée, la construction et la forme du texte littéraire machadien selon ses peculiarités.
Este estudo visa analisar os romances Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas (1880-1), Esaú e Jacó (1904) e Memorial de Aires (1908) da obra de Machado de Assis, através das características que se dispõem em seu aspecto narrativo. Demonstra-se que o aspecto narrativo desses romances ultrapassa as convenções estilísticas vigentes à época de sua escrita e engendra operações discursivas que enquadram esse aspecto como aparência de um discurso cuja ordem se estabelece pela via dos efeitos de sentido. São esses efeitos de sentido, compreendidos pelas operações discursivas, que instituem, no curso da narração, uma indicativa da encenação do desejo das personagens, determinante de suas escolhas e destinos e entrevisto em suas palavras e ações. Pontua-se, desse modo, no texto, uma ordem desejante paralela à ordem da narração. Toma-se como respaldo teórico a psicanálise, fazendo-se sua convergência à teoria e crítica literárias. Releva-se, principalmente, na análise proposta, a construção e a forma do texto literário machadiano em suas peculiaridades.

Esta tese é uma Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), de perspectiva bakhtiniana, a cerca dos discursos sobre o trabalho, na obra Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis, publicada em 1881. A investigação constitui-se como parte integrante do projeto de pesquisa “A formalização discursiva do universo do trabalho e da tecnologia em textos literários” e das discussões do grupo de pesquisa “Discurso sobre Tecnologia, Trabalho e Identidades Nacionais”, inserido na Linha de pesquisa Tecnologia e Trabalho, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia e Sociedade, da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, de viés interdisciplinar. Inicialmente apresentamos alguns discursos sobre o trabalho como atividade assalariada ou não, desde o século XIX: as vozes marxianas, de Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels e Paul Lafargue, seguidos de György Lukács, Herbert Marcuse, André Gorz, Richard Sennett, Christophe Dejours, Zigmund Baumann, Ricardo Antunes e Danièle Linhart, autores contemporâneos. A análise dialógica seguiu a linha teórica de Bakhtin e o Círculo: dialogicidade, alteridade, o signo ideológico, a intersubjetividade, o plurilinguismo, o gênero romanesco e a enunciação. Traçamos um perfil das relações de trabalho no Brasil oitocentista, dialogando sobre a História com autores como Boris Fausto, Sidney Chalhoub, Maria Sylvia C. França, Gilberto Freyre, Sergio B. de Holanda entre outros. Quanto ao horizonte social e cultural do autor fluminense, sua biografia e sua fortuna crítica, dialogaram críticos como Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz, entre outros. Objetivou-se trazer para análise, a partir da ideologia do cotidiano formalizada no romance, os diálogos, as contradições e os embates que ocorrem entre os discursos, como também perceber a positividade, a danação ou a negação do trabalho a partir da linguagem, na forma arquitetônica irônica do autor e nos elementos composicionais pertinentes ao romance, como as construções híbridas, a alternância de estilos e tons, a resposta antecipada, o riso reduzido e a sátira menipeia. A perspectiva metodológica da ADD conduziu a um corpus composto por três dimensões discursivas, que compõem a enunciação machadiana sobre o trabalho: o discurso do favor representado pela personagem Dona Plácida; o discurso da escravidão representado pela personagem Prudêncio e o discurso do trabalho imaterial ou do não-trabalho, representado pelas personagens Brás Cubas e Quincas Borba. Chegou-se às seguintes conclusões: a linguagem machadiana discursa veementemente sobre o trabalho no século XIX. Sua enunciação transita entre positivá-lo ou negativá-lo, reforçando a distinção entre trabalho material e trabalho imaterial. As atividades imateriais são vistas como positivas pela elite, porque, além de redundarem em não-trabalho, representam prestígio e ascensão. O escravo exercia a maior parte do trabalho e o agregado cumpria um papel de mediador, já que não pertencia a ninguém, mas precisava encontrar formas de sustentar-se. No discurso machadiano, o trabalho não é ontológico; ele é forma de sobrevivência, inclusive de um discurso, que mantém uma ordem social.
This thesis is a Dialogical Discourse Analysis (DDA), from Bakhtin’s perspective, about the discourses on work, in Machado de Assis’ work Posthumous Memories of Brás Cubas, published in 1881. The investigation was an integral part of the research project “The discursive formalization of the universe of work and technology in literary texts” and the discussions of the research group “Discourse on Technology, Work and National Identities”, inserted in the research line Technology and Work, of the Post-Graduate Program in Technology and Society, at the Federal University of Technology - Paraná, of an interdisciplinary bias. Initially we presented some discourses about work as an employed activity or not, since the nineteenth century: Marx’s voices, by Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Paul Lafargue, followed by György Lukács, Herbert Marcuse, André Gorz, Richard Sennett, Christophe Dejours, Zigmund Baumann, Ricardo Antunes and Danièle Linhart, contemporary authors. The dialogical analysis followed the theoretical line of Bakhtin and the Circle: dialogicity, alterity, ideological sign, intersubjetivity, plurilingualism, romanesque genre and enunciation. We drew a profile of labor relationships in nineteenth-century Brazil, discussing history with authors such as Boris Fausto, Sidney Chalhoub, Maria Sylvia C. França, Gilberto Freyre, Sergio B. de Holanda, among others. As for the social and cultural horizon of the author from Rio de Janeiro, his biography and his critical fortune, there were dialogues among critics such as Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz, among others. The objective was to bring for analysis, from the ideology of everyday life formalized in the novel, the dialogues, the contradictions and the clashes that occur among the discourses, as well as to perceive the positivity, the damnation or the denial of the work from the language, in the author’s ironic architectural form and in the compositional elements pertinent to the novel, such as hybrid constructions, alternating styles and tones, the early response, reduced laughter and the menipeaen satire. The methodological perspective of DDA led to a corpus composed by three discursive dimensions, is composed of Machado de Assis´s enunciation on work: the discourse of ‘favor’ represented by the character Dona Plácida; the discourse of ‘slavery’ represented by the character Prudêncio and the discourse of ‘immaterial work’ or ‘non-work’, represented by the characters Brás Cubas and Quincas Borba. The following conclusions were reached: Machado’s language vehemently discourses on work in the nineteenth century. Its enunciation transits between positivizing it or denying it, reinforcing the distinction between material work and immaterial work. The immaterial activities are seen as positive by the elite, because, besides being redundant in non-work, they represent prestige and ascension. The slave practiced most of the work and the aggregate played the role of mediator, since it belonged to no one, but he needed to find ways to support himself. In Machado’s discourse, work is not ontological; it is a form of survival, including a discourse, which maintains a social order.

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O presente estudo busca examinar as narrativas O Rei de Havana e O ninho da serpente, do escritor cubano Pedro Juan Guti?rrez, ? luz da teoria da ideologia, desenvolvida por John B. Thompson. Da mesma forma, as rela??es entre cultura e sociedade s?o discutidas sob a perspectiva das conseq??ncias da leitura em sistemas pol?ticos discricion?rios, a partir da proibi??o desses textos de Guti?rrez em Cuba. A literatura ? observada aqui como forma contestat?ria ?s tentativas de estabelecimento e preserva??o do poder na sociedade. Assim, a tens?o entre a submiss?o ao sistema autorit?rio, com suas estrat?gias m?ltiplas de transfigura??o, e a busca por alternativas de fuga a essa coer??o impositiva mostra-se no percurso dos protagonistas no interior dessas narrativas. Esse estudo, por fim, pretende vincular a literatura ao tempo presente, no intuito de discutir o compromisso social do escritor com sua ?poca e a fun??o da arte em momentos de crise.

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Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
The proposal of this work is to start from a thorough reading of Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas of Machado de Assis and to find out four discursive levels in the text: the Old Testament discourse, the discourse of Stoic Philosophers, the New Testament discourse and the Christian theologian Aurélio Agostinho, and finally the discourse of French moralists as Voltaire. I will show you the evidences of these discourses in the novel text as well as the characteristics which turn concomitant and similar instances into structural pillars which bear the novel gender, according to Bakhtin s definition. Those structures suggest several discursive approaches, some of them concerning the plot nature, others regarding to a critical way about the sources in which Machado de Assis inspired himself or devoured anthropophagically in order to establish a revolutionary narrative discourse which does not end in those four instances. However, they are like pillars which bear and provide a framework for the greatest acrobat capers . Acrobat capers, this is a way which I would define the style of Machado de Assis, a caper in the air without any rope or protection net towards a joy taken by the discovery of the skill which deludes the reader and leads him to ethereal spaces which are beyond the matter
A proposta deste trabalho é, a partir de uma leitura atenta da obra Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas de Machado de Assis, apontar índices que comprovem certa a existência no texto de quatro níveis discursivos: o discurso do Antigo Testamento, o discurso dos filósofos Estóicos, o discurso do Novo Testamento e do teólogo cristão Aurélio Agostinho e por fim o discurso dos moralistas franceses, notadamente Voltaire. Apontarei exemplos desses discursos no romance e indicarei as características que os transformam em instâncias, similares a pilares estruturais que sustentam o gênero romance conforme a definição de Bakhtin. Estas estruturas sugerem várias abordagens discursivas: umas relacionadas à natureza do enredo outras com um percurso crítico sobre as fontes em que Machado de Assis se inspirou ou antropofagicamente devorou, a fim de estabelecer um discurso narrativo revolucionário, que não se esgota nessas quatro instâncias, porém estas são como pilares que sustentam e dão arcabouço para as maiores cabriolas de volatim . Cabriolas de volatim: essa é a maneira como definiria o estilo de Machado de Assis, um salto no ar sem amarras e rede de proteção rumo a uma alegria levada pela descoberta do artifício com que ilude o leitor e o conduz aos espaços etéreos que estão além da matéria

Cette étude s’intéresse aux trois piliers de l’écrit narratif à la période romantique, dans les œuvres de la Cubaine Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda (1814-1873), portant sur les colonies hispano-américaines et caribéennes (Memorias, Sab, Guatimozín, El Cacique de Turmequé, El aura blanca). L’imagerie et les procédés habituellement mobilisés dans un romantisme hispano-américain, fortement inspiré des canons européens, et pourtant mu par un désir d’indépendance politique et culturelle, font de cette littérature une littérature du paradoxe. Non dépourvues de cette caractéristique, les narrations de l’auteur apparaissent toutefois comme de surprenants récits. A l’aune de l’évolution des formes romanesques qui ont succédé au Romantisme, jusqu’aux écrits de la modernité, et aux poétiques postmodernes et postcoloniales, on constate la modernité que ces textes présentaient déjà. La (dé)construction des personnages, en particulier le Métis, celle des lieux, et le jeu polyphonique de dires démultipliés remettent en question nombre des représentations traditionnelles, dans la réécriture de l’Histoire des Amériques. Un désir de dire autrement les divers « réels » émerge, ainsi que le souhait d’intégrer la complexité culturelle de cette zone. Sans avoir clairement défini de véritable poétique, l’auteur explore l’espace, la temporalité et le jeu des voix, pour fonder les bases d’une écriture ontologique et mémorielle qui interroge les identités. Celle-ci se créolise, par la mise en contact d’éléments hétéroclites qu’elle recompose, la multiplicité des sources littéraires ou orales, l’apparition de nouveaux territoires langagiers ou encore des personnages qui échappent aux typifications
This study focuses on the three pillars of narrative art in the romantic era in the works of Cuban writer Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda (1814-1873) dealing with Hispanic-American and Caribbean colonies (Memorias, Sab, Guatimozín, El Cacique de Turmequé, El aura blanca). The images and narrative devices traditionally mobilized in Hispanic-American Romanticism – a literature strongly inspired by European artistic ideals, and yet driven by a desire for political and cultural independence – make it a literature pervaded by paradoxes. Although they tend to share this common feature, the authors’ narratives stand out and surprise. In the light of the evolution of the novelistic forms that followed Romanticism, including modernist writings, and postmodern and postcolonial poetics, these texts appear as already “modern”. The (de)construction of the characters – particularly the “Metis” – and places, together with the polyphonic effect of a myriad of different discourses, challenge many traditional representations concerning the re-writing of the History of the Americas. What emerges is a desire to find a new way to express the various forms of the “real” and to capture the cultural complexity of this geographical area. Without clearly defining any particular literary method or ars poetica, the author explores space, temporality and the interplay of voices, thus laying the bases for an ontological, memory-oriented mode of writing that questions identities. This mode of writing goes through a process of Creolization, as it gathers and recomposes disparate elements, multiplies its literary or oral sources, and makes new linguistic territories, or characters who elude types, materialize

Cette version du mémoire a été tronquée des éléments de composition originale, ces éléments donnant des informations d'ordre structurel qui permettraient d'identifier le stage qui fait l'objet de la présente recherche. Une version plus complète est disponible en ligne pour les membres de la communauté de l’Université de Montréal et peut aussi être consultée dans une des bibliothèques UdeM.
Ce mémoire a pour objectif de dégager les paramètres de l'expérience vécue par un groupe de stagiaires ayant participé à l'édition 2014 du stage Music’Oriente axé sur l'apprentissage des musiques cubaines, à Santiago de Cuba. Notre recherche porte précisément sur les diverses stratégies mises en oeuvre par les participants pour optimiser leur expérience. Sur ce type de terrain, la relation musico-touristique demande d'être appréhendée suivant des paramètres distincts du schéma performanciel classique situant le touriste dans le public et laissant le plus souvent la pratique musicale aux natifs. Selon notre perspective, dans le stage de musique, l'expérience du touriste doit être prise en compte non seulement pour l'appréciation que celui-ci a des prestations qui lui sont données à voir, mais également pour les significations qu'il attribue à sa démarche d'apprentissage musical en contexte de voyage à l'étranger. Mobilisant les outils de l'ethnomusicologie, de la philosophie, de la psychologie sociale et de l'anthropologie du tourisme, et à l'aide des notions d'expérience (Dewey c2005) et de flow (Csikszentmihalyi 1990), ce mémoire met notamment en exergue que le processus d'optimisation nécessite de la part des stagiaires de Music’Oriente une constante négociation de leur rapport au connu et à l'inconnu, dans la perspective de retirer les plus grands bénéfices d'une expérience d'immersion dans un cadre étranger. Par cette recherche, nous souhaitons que notre apport théorique, axé sur l'agentivité des touristes et sur leur démarche de construction de sens, contribuera à une compréhension plus approfondie de la dimension expérientielle de la pratique musicale en contexte touristique.
This thesis aims to identify the parameters of the experience of a group of tourists who participated in the 2014 edition of the Music’Oriente workshop, which focused on learning Cuban music in Santiago de Cuba. Our research is specifically concerned with the various strategies used by the participants to optimize their experience. The music-tourism relationship in this field requires a different perspective than that for a classic performance pattern which places the tourists in the audience and leaves most of the musical practice to natives. When considering the tourists’ experiences in the musical workshop, our perspective reveals that not only is the tourists’ appreciation of the musical performance important but also their attribution of meaning to their own music-learning approach in the context of travel abroad. By putting the tools of ethnomusicology, philosophy, social psychology and anthropology of tourism into action, and by using the concepts of experience (Dewey c2005) and flow (Csikszentmihalyi 1990), this thesis aims to highlight that the process of optimization requires participants to constantly negotiate their relationship to the known and the unknown to achieve the highest number of benefits of immersion in a foreign context. Through this research, we hope that our theoretical contribution, focused on the tourists' agency and process of constructing meaning, will lead to a deeper understanding of the experiential dimension of musical practice in a tourism context.

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Arquitectura, Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa, 2021
Exame público realizado em 8 de Março de 2022
A presente dissertação contempla uma leitura crítica que identifica como principal interesse entender a origem do Movimento Moderno em Cuba (o nosso país natal). Tem como objetivo, por um lado, compreender a inserção desta linguagem internacional em Cuba, a influência deste período na sociedade e cultura e o legado arquitetónico que nos deixa e, por outro lado, indagar as características que refletem aquilo que hoje identificamos como Tradição e Identidade. No contexto destes conceitos de Tradição e Identidade, destacamos o arquiteto Ricardo Porro como figura central da investigação e a sua obra das Escolas de Belas Artes Cubanas como caso de estudo principal. Compreendemos este trabalho como uma reflexão e aproximação ao tema, já que este representa o encontro com as nossas origens e compreensão do lugar ao qual pertencemos através do conhecimento deste património arquitetónico.
The following dissertation includes a critical reading that identifies as main interest to understand the origin of the Modern Movement in Cuba (our native country). Its objective is, on the one hand, to understand the insertion of this international language in Cuba, the influence of this period on society and culture and the architectural legacy it leaves us, and, on the other hand, to investigate the characteristics that reflect what we identify today as Tradition and Identity. In the context of these concepts of Tradition and Identity, we highlight the architect Ricardo Porro as the central figure in the investigation and his work on the Cuban Fine Arts Schools as the main case study. We understand this work as a reflection and approach to the theme, as it represents the encounter with our origins and understanding of the place to which we belong through architectural knowledge.