Journal articles on the topic 'Artillery (Weaponry)'
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1
Popescu, Stelian. "Definition And Calculation Of Objective Functions Of Artillery Weaponry." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 722–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0121.
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Abstract The technical resource of artillery weaponry can be highlighted, in an original way, with the help of functions, called objective functions by the author. In this respect, an original mathematical model thereof was defined and is presented, detailing the main and secondary subassemblies, and the general assembly of a mouth, respectively. The developed model connects subassemblies and the product through the weights given to each component within the system, the defining element from which it starts being the diagnosis parameters.
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Popescu, Stelian. "Evaluating The Technical Resource Of Medium And Large Caliber Artillery Weaponry Using The Standard Objective Function." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 726–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0122.
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Abstract The technical resource of artillery weapons can be highlighted, in an original way, with the help of a function called by the author standard objective function. In this respect, an original mathematical model thereof was defined and is presented. Consistent with the values achieved in time by the standard objective function qualitative information on the technical resource assessment of artillery mouths is provided. The model developed enables qualitative assessments concerning normal operation or reaching the critical value of the mouth. The defining element of this approach is the diagnosis parameters.
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Oprean, Laurean-Georgel. "Artillery and Drone Action Issues in the War in Ukraine." Scientific Bulletin 28, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsaft-2023-0008.
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Abstract Technological developments in recent decades in multiple fields have revolutionised the actions of armed forces, as recently confirmed in the war in Ukraine where NATO countries’ artillery and missiles have undeniably outperformed the outdated spectrum of previous counter-insurgency actions, and the counter-battery fire of self-propelled weapons systems far exceeded the limits of the Iraq and Afghanistan theatres of operations, where such a response was easy to achieve because insurgent forces had no idea that such precise, coordinated and effective action was available at discovered targets. Drones have also become an inseparable part of military operations and have developed in an unprecedented way, being hardly detectable, precise, equipped with weaponry, radars, optoelectronic search means with sensors and modern communication and computer systems. Today, but especially in the future, the actions of drones and artillery means executing counter-battery fire will become indispensable in military operations to achieve desirable effects, and at the same time modern armies must have active and passive means of engagement and countermeasures against them to achieve effective force protection.
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Magina, Livia, and Adrian Magina. "Inventarul armamentului cetatii Deva in anul 1640." Banatica 1, no. 33 (2023): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.56177/banatica.33.1.2023.art.17.
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An inventory from 1640, published in this study, describes in detail the number of war instruments in the fortress of Deva. The inventory was made at the sale of the Deva estate by Lady Maria Széchy to Prince George I Rákóczy. So far only one such document was known, completed on 30 November 1640 and published by historian Endre Veress. However, the present inventory precedes it by one month, having been made by the archivists of the Alba Iulia Chapter house. The three men of the Transylvanian prince identified numerous pieces of artillery and other tools necessary for the defence of the fortification, but most of them were obsolete, sometimes a century old. Even if the weaponry was neither too modern nor too numerous, combined with the extraordinary position of the fortress it could still be an asset. The inventory of weapons of Deva offers us the possibility of investigating the military aspects of a Transylvanian fortress in the middle of the 17th century. Knowledge of military resources in that period is essential in understanding how the principality of Transylvania adapted to changes in tactics and weaponry in the early modern era.
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James, N. "‘Hot interpretation’ of battle." Antiquity 90, no. 352 (July 19, 2016): 1100–1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2016.137.
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Tilted for us to see them straight on, 45 human skeletons were stacked in tight rows, with two more, arms out-stretched, on top of them (Figure 1). Below lay artillery and musket shot set out with equal neatness. Owing, perhaps, to such clinical arrangement, or to the unfamiliar angle, or perhaps to the sturdy frame marked ‘lützen, 6. november 1632’, or else to the gallery's classical formality, the full horror only registered later, after seeing many more bones, much finely crafted weaponry and armour, and pictures and plans of fights both modern and ancient. It was the first display in Krieg: eine archäologische Spurensuche (‘War: an archaeological search for traces’), an exhibition at the Prehistory Museum in Halle shown from November 2015 to May 2016.
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Rusek, Benjamin, and Charles Ingrao. "The “Mortar Massacres”: A Controversy Revisited." Nationalities Papers 32, no. 4 (December 2004): 827–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0090599042000296140.
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One of the many controversies that survived the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina concerns the responsibility for several of the most deadly artillery attacks against civilians during the three-year siege of Sarajevo. Although indiscriminate artillery fire accounted for a small fraction of the total civilian deaths during the war, graphic video footage of the mass slaughter exercised a disproportionate effect on world public opinion and, therefore, on Western policymakers who felt constrained to “do something.” On at least three occasions, individual artillery explosions in the Bosnian capital prompted immediate international intervention that substantially determined the course and resolution of the conflict. The persistence of controversy is informed by a combination of factors, including the substantial consequences of the Western response, the inconclusiveness of some of the forensic data, and the conflicting statements of civilian survivors, journalists, spokesmen for the belligerents, and U.N. officials—all of whom have been accused of some degree of bias by one side or another. Nearly a decade later, testimony and forensic evidence presented at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has shed new light on these incidents, presenting a more comprehensive and authoritative historical baseline account of the “mortar massacres,” much as it has for a plethora of criminal acts committed by all sides during the wars of Yugoslav succession. The Tribunal recently released documentation detailing some of the mortar attacks that occurred in the city of Sarajevo, including forensic reports compiled by the U.N. Protection Force (UNPROFOR) which had not been previously made public. The bulk of this information is contained in the Tribunal Judgment and corresponding Dissenting Opinion of the former commander of the Sarajevo Romanija Corps (SRK), Major General Stanislav Galić. Although the reliability of judicial testimony and other evidence is invariably limited by the abilities and resources of both the prosecution and defense, the trial transcript has cleared away at least some of the fog of war, making it somewhat less difficult to apportion responsibility for the disputed attacks. This article integrates the Galić transcript with earlier, wartime U.N. documentation, press releases, and media reports, supplemented by interviews conducted by the authors with military experts familiar with the characteristics of the weaponry employed by the besiegers. It also endeavors to place the most notorious incidents in the broader context presented by the multiplicity of artillery attacks that took place in urban areas across Bosnia between 1992 and 1995.
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Tianfeng, Fan, Liu Hongqing, Huang Cheng, and Wang Zheng. "Status and Prospect of Land-based Delivery Platform Technology for Artillery Weapons." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 9 (June 1, 2023): 092013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/9/092013.
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Abstract Land-based delivery platform technology for artillery weapons is a comprehensive technology to study the adaptability of artillery weapon and land-based delivery platform, and its function is to is to provide transportation and loading platform for artillery and realize tactical mobility and battle mobility of artillery. This paper reviews the important technical progress of China’s artillery weapons in land-based delivery platform technology, contrasts and analyses the research progress at home and abroad, and outlooks the development trend and countermeasures in the field of land-based delivery platform technology for China’s artillery weapons.
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Topchii, V. I., I. S. Aftanasiv, and I. G. Svidrak. "Development and modeling of a device for strengthening the channels of gun barrels by the method of vibration-centrifugal processing." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 91 (April 23, 2019): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-f9120.
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The paper proposes a fundamentally new method of vibration-centrifugal hardening of internal cylindrical surfaces of long-length steel parts, in particular artillery guns, belonging to a group of methods of surface plastic deformation, and is characterized by providing a significant level of energy for deformation of the material being processed. Artillery cannons, along with a system for targeting shooting guns, are perhaps the most responsible component, which not only provides range and accuracy of the aiming shot, but also regulates the durability of the gun in general. During each of the gun shots, the surface layers of the metal of the channel of its trunk are exposed to the destructive effects of high (up to 10000 °C) temperatures, the chemical action of powder gases, excessive pressures and mechanical wear on the movement of the shell. This leads to the destruction of the structure, strength and density of the metal surface layers, its burning and wear, which in the rest, leads to violations of the geometry of the working surface of the trunk channel. Violation of the geometry of the working surface of the channel of the gun barrel negatively affects the range, and most importantly, the precision of gunfire and other precision related tactical and technical characteristics of gun armament. Excessively worn internal working surface of the canal of the trunk of repair and restoration is practically not subject. This determines the availability of such characteristics for cannon weaponry as the permissible number of gunfire shots, which to a certain extent limits the duration of the effective use of guns. A rather common practice in mechanical engineering is that when the strength characteristics and capabilities of the materials used are practically exhausted, designers and developers draw their views on the technological capabilities to improve the operational properties of parts and units. Not the last position in their list is the reinforcing operations of the surface layers of the material of the details by various methods of surface plastic deformation, widely known in the literary primary sources under the acronym “PPE methods”. The common advantage of the best of a fairly wide variety of varieties (rolling, rolling, smoothing, blasting and vibrating processing, etc.) is that, without substituting the part for energy-intensive high-temperature heating, the strength characteristics and performance properties of the most loaded surface layers of the material of parts are improved. Accordingly, the use in manufacturing processes of the details of PPD methods helps to increase their reliability and longevity. The developed design of the reinforcement on the basis of the proposed method of vibration-centrifugal hardening treatment is used to strengthen the internal cylindrical channels of the trunk of large-caliber artillery cannons. The reinforcement is simple in structure, energy-saving, does not provide for the maintenance of highly skilled service personnel. The solid-state model of the device for the vibration-centrifugal hardening of the internal cylindrical surfaces of steel parts has been created
9
Shuliakov, Sergey, and Nikolai Dorofeev. "Ways to improve reconnaissance in the interests of missile forces and artillery." Journal of Scientific Papers "Social development and Security" 9, no. 5 (October 10, 2019): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33445/sds.2019.9.5.2.
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The article describes the experience of creating automated control systems by foreign countries. Experience in controlling fire weapons and reconnaissance assets. The analysis of their interaction. Considered in detail the automated control system of field artillery of the United States of America Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFTDS).
This is an experience of creating a system of foreign countries. Experience in controlling fire weapons and reconnaissance assets. The analysis of their interaction. Considered in detail is the United States of America Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFTDS). This is a multipurpose tactical information system of field artillery using mobile technology. It provides automated decision making for the functional subsystem, support for the ground forces and marines, as well as integrated operational units and united types of troops. The article describes the entire sector of the capabilities of this automated combat control system.
The article also discusses ADLER (Artillerie Daten Lage and Einsatz Rechnerverbund) Germany’s automated field artillery control system. This automated field artillery control system provides all the field artillery control capabilities from the division to the gun (mortar, MLRS, reconnaissance equipment). The unified information network unites target detection facilities, combat (fire) and fire weapons control centers (points). it makes it possible not only to process the data, but also to control the detection mode and hit targets, including the evaluation of intermediate results. Integrated systems of reconnaissance, surveillance, target definitions and their destruction are considered by military experts of the leading, militarily, countries of the world as a critical element for achieving information superiority over the enemy.
Analysis of the interaction of artillery reconnaissance forces and weapons and armaments of the leading military countries of the world provides an opportunity to study the development of weapons and military equipment to ensure the creation of an intelligence-information subsystem of artillery.
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Tang, Wei, Xin Ting Zhang, Li Chao Zhao, Shi Sheng Guan, and Ming Yi Jiang. "Research on Measurement Method of Parallelism of Artillery’s Directional Beam Based on the Laser Radar." Key Engineering Materials 552 (May 2013): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.552.515.
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As the increasingly improvement of modern weapons and detection technique, it is proposed that a higher demand on firing accuracy of artillery and bullet spread, and the parallelism of artillery’s directional beam was one of the important factors. The article conducted a research on the measuring methods of the parallelism of artillery’s directional beam. After concluding its shortcomings, a method of parallelism of artillery’s directional beam based on the laser radar was put forward by laser radar to detect the parallelism of artillery’s directional beam. The experimental results shown that the method can reach the detection accuracy of 0.2 mils, realize the high accuracy and high efficiency measurement.
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Kuzmenko, V., N. Tretiak, V. Chornai, and I. Yarysh. "MILITARY ECOCIDE IN UKRAINE AS A DESTRUCTIVE CONSEQUENCE OF THE USE OF RUSSIAN MISSILES AND PROJECTILES." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.19.2024.08.
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Effectively, russia’s aggression against Ukraine can be considered the first case of intentional ecocide during wartime in this century. Through its actions, russia has caused massive destruction of the animal and plant world, pollution of the atmosphere, Ukrainian fertile lands, and water resources. According to calculations by the working group at the State Environmental Inspection, as of January 2023, the ecological damage to Ukraine during the 11 months of russian military aggression amounts to over 1 trillion 743 billion hryvnias, or over 47.6 billion dollars. This sum includes hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of ruined soil and devastated lands, forest fires, emissions of poisonous substances into the atmosphere, destruction of animals, alterations to the migratory paths of birds, and more. The top five regions most affected by ecocide in Ukraine are Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv, Donetsk, and Zaporizhzhia regions.
The study of war ecocide crimes allows to systematise them by the following features: air pollution, soil pollution, destruction of green spaces, destruction of wildlife, water pollution, unauthorized use of subsoil, and disruption of ecosystems Since the beginning of the full-scale armed aggression by russian occupation forces on objects within the 71 territory of Ukraine, almost 6,500 missile strikes and nearly 3,500 aerial strikes have been carried out, resulting in environmental damage.
Missiles launched onto Ukrainian territory carry hundreds and thousands of kilograms of chemical substances. In case of complete combustion and dispersion of remnants into the surrounding environment, they pose significant pollution and are toxic to all living beings.
The destruction of the upper fertile layer of soil, which has been forming over centuries, occurs as a result of missile explosions, artillery shells of various types, cluster bombs, drones, mines, and various types of multiple rocket launchers.
A significant problem is the contamination of soil with chemical substances, leading to a reduction in fertility and causing harm to both humans and animals living in polluted areas. In substantial areas of Ukraine, there is considerable damage to the surface layer of the soil due to the burning of munitions. The detonation of missiles, artillery shells, cluster bombs results in the release of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen, as well as a large amount of toxic organic compounds, which then enter the soil.
According to assessments from the Kyiv School of Economics and Zoï Environment Network, a total of 186,000 km2 of land, nearly 31% of Ukraine's territory, is at risk of damage and pollution. Among them, over 20,000 km2 are damaged by more than 75% In addition to missiles, the aggressor country employs projectiles of various calibers and cluster bombs, the detonation of which causes environmental destruction, including damage to buildings, structures, industrial facilities, soil, wildlife, and ecosystems. Ukrainian land has transformed into a horrifying testing ground for various types of weaponry, including long-range artillery, salvo fire systems, phosphorus bombs, and guided missiles.
A threatening issue is the replacement of territories, particularly agricultural lands. A mined area loses its intended purpose and cannot be utilized for a long period. Additionally, the demining of such territory requires substantial expenses.
Therefore, russian missiles and projectiles pose a deadly threat to humans, animals, plants, harm the environment, devastate soil, water bodies, forests, destroy infrastructure, alter landscapes, and dismantle ecosystems.
Thus, the investigation of war ecocide crimes involving russian missiles and projectiles allows the conclusion that these are extremely harmful actions resulting from military aggression. Those who perpetrate them are well aware of the serious and irreversible long-term damage inflicted on the environment.
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Kazakov, V., and Y. Voda. "THE USE OF THE OPERATIONAL READINESS COEFFICIENT IN THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS AND THE CRITERION FOR ASSESSING THE COMBAT EFFECTIVENESS OF WEAPONS OF ROCKET FORCES AND ARTILLERY." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 1, no. 13 (December 30, 2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2020.13.1.44-49.
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When developing tactical and technical requirements for a new model of artillery weapons, it is necessary to have a system of indicators and criteria for evaluating the combat effectiveness of a model. Such a system will allow a more reasonable approach to their development. The purpose of the article is to clarify the system of indicators and criteria for assessing combat effectiveness in the interests of developing tactical and technical requirements for a sample of weapons of missile forces and artillery, the procedure for determining and using the operational readiness coefficient of a sample for combat use, to reveal its essence, its dependence on possible sample failures and recovery time health. Assessment of combat effectiveness is a scientific method for determining the indicators of combat effectiveness of weapons necessary for the development of tactical and technical requirements for weapons that are being created, and evaluating them during operation. Combat effectiveness is determined by the amount of damage done to enemy targets over a certain period of time at certain material costs, taking into account the reliability, survivability and combat readiness of the weapon itself. One of the main characteristics of artillery weapons models is survivability, which is understood as the property of a weapon to maintain its combat effectiveness for a longer period under various operating conditions both in peacetime and in wartime. When determining the survivability of the sample using the coefficient of operational readiness. The operational readiness coefficient is the probability that the object is in a certain combat readiness at the time the command arrives for use. The operational readiness coefficient characterizes the reliability of artillery weapons, the need for which arises at an arbitrary point in time, after which uptime is required for a certain period of time. Using the operational readiness coefficient allows taking into account the degree of preparation for the use of a model of artillery weapons and simplifies the determination of the general criterion of its combat effectiveness. Keywords: artillery, firing tasks, indicator, criterion, survivability, probability, operational readiness coefficient.
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Іванов, Т., and Р. Булгаков. "ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ТЕХНІЧНИХ ВИМОГ ДО ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ СУЧАСНИХ ЗРАЗКІВ РУХОМИХ ЗАСОБІВ ТЕХНІЧНОГО ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ І РЕМОНТУ РАКЕТНО-АРТИЛЕРІЙСЬКОГО ОЗБРОЄННЯ." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 19 (June 30, 2023): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2023.19.58-67.
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Today's realities have led to the fact that in various sources they are actively considering the issue of finding options for improving the system of repair and restoration of weapons and military equipment in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and improving (modernization) of mobile means of maintenance and repair of anti-aircraft weapons. Of course, in most cases, the subject of these works is the consideration of means of maintenance and repair of automotive equipment, somewhat less often of armored weapons and equipment, and, unfortunately, there are almost no works related to mobile means of maintenance and repair of missile and artillery weapons. The previous article was devoted to the analysis of the composition of mobile means of maintenance and repair of missile and artillery weapons in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the procedure for their use. The issue of improving the existing mobile means of maintenance and repair of weapons of the missile and artillery nomenclature was also considered. The material presented in it created the conditions for justifying in this article the technical requirements for the properties of mobile means of maintenance and repair of missile and artillery weapons. In the opinion of the authors, it is appropriate to substantiate such properties as maintainability, technological equipment and cost-effectiveness of repair samples of missile and artillery weapons. The substantiation of the above technical requirements will create all the prerequisites for the development of recommendations necessary for the development of mobile means of maintenance and repair of modern missile and artillery weapons, the main ones of which may be - recommendations regarding the basic chassis and body of a van (container), regarding the equipment and specialization of the workshop and regarding the functional filling and calculation of the workshop. Keywords: missile and artillery weapons, ground weapon systems, mobile vehicle, repair, restoration.
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Viktoria, Popova. "The Caucasian War (1817–1864) as a Range for the Combat Use Rocket Artillery." TECHNOLOGOS, no. 2 (2024): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.kipf/2023.2.02.
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The article is devoted to the experience of using combat missiles in the Caucasian War (1817–1864). Today, rocket artillery is one of the most advanced and rapidly developing branches of artillery, but this type of weapon has come a long way to take its place in the arsenals of the world’s armies . The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of rocket artillery by all parties to the Caucasian War of 1817-1864. The research objectives are: to consider the features of the missile weapons production and identify the course of rocket artillery participation in military campaigns in the Caucasus in the 19th century. The methodological basis of the article is the methods of historicism and objectivity. The author turns to a systematic scientific analysis that allows us to consider the entire complex of factors. As European powers developed the production of military rockets, Russia also became interested in them. The military considered rocket artillery as a promising weapon capable of replacing all land smooth-bore artillery. The Military Scientific Committee promoted developments in domestic rocket science. But the issue of industrial production of missiles for the needs of the army was not resolved for a long time due to their low military efficiency compared to European counterparts. The impetus for the creation of the first rocket manufacturing enterprise - the St. Petersburg Rocket Establishment - was given by the war that started in the Caucasus. Light and mobile combat missiles demonstrated their undeniable superiority in the mountainous terrain. Shamil, the Imam of the Caucasus, was also interested in rocket artillery. He tried to establish the production of this type of weapon. The production of gunpowder and iron casting was organized in the Imamate, but they failed to succeed in this endeavor. Most of the rocket artillery of Shamil's army was captured shells. For a long time, military rockets were used exclusively in the Caucasus, but with the development of tactical and technical qualities of weapons, many military districts began to form permanent missile companies. With the defeat in the Crimean War (1853–1856), interest in rockets waned, and by 1886 the production of rocket artillery had declined. But the theoretical and practical developments made during this period became the basis of international and domestic rocket science.
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Мuray, R., O. Lisovyj, and O. Rudenko. "METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING MILITARY-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY COMBAT KITS OF ADVANCED ARTILLERY SYSTEMS, WHICH ARE BEING DEVELOPED (MODERNIZED)." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 1, no. 14 (January 25, 2021): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2020.14.1.76-80.
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An analysis of military conflicts indicates a sharp increase in maneuvering capabilities, the number of armored targets and anti-weapon capabilities. This makes us look for the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of fire weapons. The existing means of destruction in the Armed Forces of Ukraine require a significant expenditure of ammunition and the use of a large number of fire weapons, for example, to suppress a platoon stronghold, which, as a rule, will include 3-4 infantry fighting vehicles and 1 tank must involve at least artillery division of 152 mm howitzers, with a consumption of 1,440 high-explosive fragmentation shells. In addition, in the course of the gradual transition of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to the standards of NATO member countries, bringing artillery caliber standards to these standards, the development (modernization) of artillery systems, there is a need to revise combat kits, which will be used to equip promising artillery systems (complexes). When substantiating the need for the formation of new combat kits for artillery systems that are being developed (modernized), their military-economic effectiveness is assessed. In connection with the foregoing, there is a need to develop a scientific and methodological apparatus, which will assess the feasibility of making changes to the combat kits of artillery systems. The article discusses a universal methodology for assessing the military-economic effectiveness of combat systems of promising artillery systems that are being developed (modernized). The developed methodology of military-economic evaluation of the effectiveness of combat kits allows you to take into account the economic component in the development (modernization) of artillery systems (complexes). Keywords: combat set, artillery system, military-economic efficiency.
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Munchak, Volodymyr, Oleksandr Vysikan, Oleksii Stepaniuk, and Yurii Maznychenko. "TO THE STUDY OF STRATEGIC CRUISE MISSILES X-101." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 68 (July 3, 2023): 715–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2023.68.70.
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According to existing provisions, the examination of missile weapons is a set of expert research activities aimed at studying missile and jet weapons, as well as their components (mechanisms, assemblies, etc.) and their interaction in order to obtain reliable information about the objects provided for research. The article discusses some aspects of the research of missile weapons – strategic cruise missiles X-101, the relevance of which is due to their constant use in russia. Now russia is again carrying out massive missile strikes against Ukraine with X-101/55 missiles. The occupiers have changed tactics and prefer mainly strategic cruise missiles to destroy military installations and infrastructure. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that until now there is no methodology for conducting an examination of artillery and missile weapons, and in the specialized literature there is only distinguishable data on missile weapons. Based on the generalization of the expert research practice of the Explosive Research and Research of Rocket and Artillery Weapons Department of the Military Research Laboratory of the Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise, the structural features of the X-101 strategic cruise missile were determined. Considering that many experts do not have information on these missiles, the material of this article will be used in the examination of missile weapons, namely, in the identification and description of research objects. A missile weapons examination is a qualification examination, during which not only an object can be identified as a missile weapon, but it can also be determined what type or type of missile weapon the object belongs to, as well as how this weapon was manufactured. The examination of missile weapons requires special knowledge in the field of missile and jet weapons (the structure/design features and properties of weapons, the procedure for handling and using them, ammunition for them, and the consequences of using them).
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Bulhakov, R., and O. Chesnok. "APPROACH TO THE UNIFICATION OF MOBILE MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT AND REPAIR OF ROCKET-ARTILLERY WEAPONS." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 1, no. 14 (January 25, 2021): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2020.14.1.150-158.
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The article analyzes approaches to the unification of mobile means of maintenance and repair, and in particular, on the nomenclature of missile and artillery weapons. The classification of mobile means of maintenance and repair has been carried out. A list of the main malfunctions of missile and artillery weapons, which are eliminated through military repair, is given. The analysis of the main problems of maintenance and repair at the initial stage of the Anti-terrorist operation is carried out, and on the basis of trends in the development of mobile maintenance and repair facilities in the leading countries of the world, recommendations are formulated for the modernization of existing and design of mobile maintenance and repair facilities of a new type. The main direction is: 1) use for the base chassis of a family of cars of a domestic manufacturer. 2) modernization of equipment and special equipment of mobile means of maintenance and repair. It is necessary to focus on modular equipment, which can be implemented from the ABS to the troops to order for specific states. 3) reduction of the number of types of mobile means of maintenance and repair rocket and artillery weapon due to unification of equipment, expansion of production capabilities due to repair, maintenance and diagnostics of several groups of weapons and ammunition. 4) consideration of the possibility of application of existing and tested world standards of logistics for the transportation of goods and equipment in standardized packaging. 5) introduction of a means of repair and evacuation "two in one" through the use of platforms with a system of autonomous loading and unloading of the body-container. Keywords: bile vehicles, repairs in the troops, maintenance, unification of mobile repair and maintenance vehicles, missile and artillery weapons.
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Benda, Vladimir N. "On the development of Russian artillery as a type of weapons and equipment in the late 16th century – the first quarter of the 19th century." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 28, no. 2 (May 12, 2022): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2022-28-2-15-22.
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Topicality of the study of the development of artillery as a special type of weapons and equipment in connection with artillery science in the past years of the Russian history is justified by the historical connection with the current state of science in general and with the development of military equipment and industry. The experience of establishing ways of developing scientific thought and solving certain tasks for the development of artillery weapons can be used to determine the directions and forecasts of further development of weapons and military organisation as a whole. The author believes that the main purpose of his work is an attempt to study some aspects of the artillery weapons development history in relation to the state of Russian industry, technology and scientific knowledge in the late 16th century – the first quarter of the 19th century. The article focuses on the fact that in the early 19th century, in the Russian artillery, a number of measures were carried out, primarily aimed at improving the material part of field artillery. It is established that comparative data of the field artillery of the Russian army with the artillery of certain European states show that the former, in the first quarter of the 19th century, had high technical and combat qualities; it was in no way inferior to the best French artillery at that time and was significantly higher than the Prussian, Austrian ones as well as ones of a number of other states. The author comes to the conclusion that the metallurgical plants of Russia, involved in manufacturing artillery weapons, had a relatively developed foundry and more advanced technical equipment than the metallurgical plants of the previous period. This in turn made it possible to provide the artillery of the Russian army with materiel and shells of higher quality.
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Zozulia, V., O. Yula, and O. Sliednikova. "ANALYSIS OF DEVICES AND SYSTEMS FOR MEASURING MUZZLE VELOCITY." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 15, no. 1 (April 12, 2023): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.15.2023.07.
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The article analyzes instruments and systems for measuring the muzzle (initial) velocity of artillery and small arms ammunition of different calibers. Local and foreign devices that are mounted on weapons or which are located at a distance are given. Most of the devices considered in this article can work autonomously, which is an advantage when using them at the landfill.
An important component of ensuring the defense capability of the State is the high level of Armed Forces of Ukraine equipment with new high-precision weapons and military equipment and the modernization of existing weapons, which involves verification of weapons samples for compliance with the declared characteristics of the manufacturer (supplier).
The effectiveness of the tests depends on the accuracy and quality of the instruments(systems) which are used to measure the characteristics of the weapons. The initial speed of the ball (shell, mines, etc.) is one of the main characteristics of the weapon’s combat properties. It is determined experimentally and by additional calculations.
The SL-520 series systems are versatile and precise instruments that allow the effective testing of weapons samples at training grounds. The advantages of these systems are: range of possible measurement speeds, high measurement accuracy, the possibility of measuring the muzzle velocity of all types of artillery and small-arms ammunition of different calibers, self-calibration option for the whole life cycle, integrated GPS time synchronization, the possibility of complex application of typical radars and the duration of autonomous operation.
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Chung, Yan Hon Michael. "The Introduction of European-Style Artillery and the Reform of Siege Tactics in 17th Century China—a Case Study of the Tragedy of Jiangyin (1645)." Journal of Chinese Military History 9, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22127453-bja10001.
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Abstract While the importance of European-style artillery, also called “red-barbarian cannon” by the people of the time, to the Ming-Qing transition (1618-1683) is generally recognized, much less is known about the actual performance of the weapon on the battlefield. Such a dearth of knowledge hinders historians from evaluating the extent of its impact on the Manchu conquest of China. Hoping to fill this gap, this article examines the actual performance of red-barbarian cannon through reconstructing the siege of Jiangyin (1645). Close examination of this episode reveals that, although the Qing army possessed abundant European-style artillery, the absence of appropriate and effective artillery siege tactics greatly constrained the effectiveness of these weapons in siege warfare. Hence, the importance of artillery in the early stage of the Ming-Qing transition (1618-1645) is likely to have been minimal. However, the siege of Jiangyin witnessed a reform of siege tactics in the Qing artillery corps. These newly devised siege tactics enabled the Qing army to capture the city with efficiency by fully utilizing the red-barbarian cannon. The reform greatly enhanced the siege ability of the Qing forces and paved the way for the Qing conquest of China.
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Liu, Jianbin, Jianzhong Zhao, Lun Lin, Yongtao Zhang, and Yan Liu. "Analysis of the Development Direction of Small-medium Caliber Artillery." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2460, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2460/1/012069.
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Abstract Abstract:This paper compares the operational mechanism of artillery to laser weapon, microwave weapon and guided missile, and summarizes the advantage and inherent shortcoming of traditional gun. By carrying out the simulation of different scenarios, the hot probability of artillery to target with different characteristics at different distance is obtained. For giving full play to the advantage of artillery and improving the operational, this paper cording the development direction of artillery technology and proposes the concept of cluster artillery, provides a new idea for the leapfrog discovery of artillery technology.
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Fan, T. F., J. Y. Zhou, Y. F. Tian, J. J. Ma, and K. Huang. "Research on the Application of Composite Materials in Artillery Weapon." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2460, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2460/1/012113.
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Abstract For artillery weapons, improving range or improving mobility is an eternal contradiction, so lightweight design is the key method to solve this contradiction. The application of composite material can improve the degree of artillery lightening and enhance the comprehensive combat effectiveness of artillery, so as to adapt to the requirements of modern war. This paper analyzed the characteristics, performances and capable application areas of common-used composite materials in artillery, and introduced its recent applications both home and abroad in barrels, turrets and other structural parts, and focused on the research on design methods and key technologies of its applications in self-propelled artillery. It can be taken as a guide in reasonable application of composite materials in artillery weapons.
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Shan, Chunlai, Bin Gu, Hui Liang, Pengke Liu, and Bianfang Ning. "Key technologies of dynamic simulation and design for large caliber truck-mounted artillery." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2460, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2460/1/012009.
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Abstract Large caliber truck-mounted artillery is a popular weapon developed and equipped in recent years because of its advantages of low cost, high mobility and strong firepower. However, in the firing process of vehicle mounted artillery, it is bound to face the problems which traditional towed artillery or tracked self-propelled artillery does not have. Taking a large caliber truck-mounted artillery as object, a whole artillery dynamics virtual prototype is established and three key technologies of dynamics simulation are studied, which are the influence of turret race waggling on the force of elevating equilibrator and other mechanisms, the top-down optimization design method of the spade, and the influence of tire support on firing stability. The results show that the turret race shaking will directly affect the force magnitude and even direction of the elevating mechanism, and the influence of the angular acceleration of the rotating part given by the turret race shaking needs to be considered; In order to achieve lightweight design, the design parameter of the mechanism such as the spade should be taken as the optimal value in combination with the firing stability of the gun. The traditional truck-mounted artillery usually does not take the driving system as the bearing structure during firing, but it is found that when the wheels land and provide a certain proportion of support force, it is helpful to maintain the vehicle body position. The research can provide reference to the dynamic simulation and design technology of related vehicle weapons.
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Jung, Yunyoung, and Jonghwan Kim. "Combat effectiveness and efficiency evaluation of firearm weapon systems in different projectile guidance simulations." Journal of Advances in Military Studies 6, no. 1 (April 26, 2023): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37944/jams.v6i1.196.
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We analyze the combat effectiveness and efficiency of the firearm weapon systems with stochastic simulations approach. Such combat effectiveness and efficiency are related with the precision of weapon systems, but the precision varies greatly depending on the projectile guidance method of the weapon system. Thus, this study conducted a stochastic simulation based on a mathematical model considering different projectile guidance methods. The simulation was designed assuming Counter-Artillery Fire, which is an important battle that must be successful in order to achieve a firepower advantage in the early stages of the war, and is suitable for judging the combat effectiveness and efficiency due to the precision of the firearm weapons system. Combat effectiveness and efficiency are judged as the result of damage probability, damage type, and desired shooting frequency, and damage probability and damage type represent combat effectiveness, and desired shooting frequency represents efficiency. The simulation environment deployed and simulated an enemy artillery unit with a size of 1,000m × 750m in the target area (6 guns), and applied the killing range of each firearm weapon system. For the description of the damage, the mathematical models Carlton damage function and the cookie cutter damage function were applied, and Monte Carlo simulation was applied to simulate the uncertainty of the battlefield. The results of the present study can be provided basic data to effectively operate and plan the firearm weapon systems.
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Shabatura, Yurii, and Oleksandr Popovchenko. "Modern methods and means of technical diagnostics of artillery weapons and prospects for their development." Military Technical Collection, no. 29 (December 28, 2023): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.29.2023.90-101.
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The analysis of full-scale military operations in the east of Ukraine indicates an increase in the variety of firing tasks for artillery weapons and the intensity of their execution. This, in turn, requires the maintenance of artillery weapons and systems that ensure their proper operation in a serviceable and ready-to-use condition, as well as the prevention of sudden breakdowns and failures during combat missions.
Taking into account the influence of the technical condition on the effectiveness and safety of the combat use of artillery weapons, there is a need to improve the methods and means of its diagnosis.
This article analyzes the available domestic and foreign studies devoted to the development and improvement of methods for diagnosing the technical condition of artillery weapons. Existing devices for measuring, inspecting, evaluating and controlling the technical condition are considered. The existing systematization was expanded, generalization and addition of known methods and tools was carried out. The main possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of known methods, as well as promising directions for further research are determined.
It has been established that the majority of studies of possible methods of diagnosing the technical condition of artillery weapons are focused mainly on the analysis of the parameters of only the gun barrel and do not consider the ability of the studied methods to assess the technical condition of artillery weapons comprehensively.
The analysis also showed that despite the large number of existing techniques for diagnosing the technical condition (determining the degree of wear), most of them are not suitable for use directly in field conditions, morally outdated or very expensive.
In addition, it was determined that the application of the analysis of acoustic and vibration signals that occur during a shot is a promising direction for diagnosing the technical condition of artillery weapons, which potentially has the ability to detect more malfunctions, breakdowns and deviations of technical parameters.
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Chung, Yan Hon Michael. "River Transport and the Effectiveness of the Qing Artillery Corps during the Ming-Qing Transition." Journal of Chinese Military History 12, no. 1 (April 4, 2023): 40–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22127453-bja10016.
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Abstract This study examines how the availability of river transportation routes affected the effectiveness of the Qing artillery corps. The Yangzi River system and the Pearl River system guaranteed timely and stable artillery support for the Qing siege force in Jiangnan and Liangguang respectively. This was made possible by the Qing’s large reserves of cannons and the sizeable water forces at several strategically important cities along the two rivers, which constituted a river-based artillery logistic system. In the mountainous and unpopulated areas of China, however, the Qing artillery corps faced considerable logistic difficulties. This put the besieging army in a strategic dilemma, i.e., whether to wait for the siege train indefinitely or to assault the city with cold weapons. To push further, this strategic dilemma posed by the terrain may explain why the Qing army, despite possessing the latest artillery technology, continued using cold weapons extensively until the nineteenth century.
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Han, CW, Z. Li, CH Li, JY Hou, P. Dai, and W. Li. "Study on Artillery Aiming Control and the Development of Intelligent Autonomous Technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2460, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2460/1/012167.
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Abstract In recent 70 years, the artillery aiming control technology has developed rapidly, and the control mode has experienced the development process of manual, semi-automatic and full-automatic. The development of the control mode of the new generation artillery aiming control system in the future is still in the stage of research and exploration, with relatively few research results and lack of systematicness. This paper analyzed the development related technologies of aiming control mode, puts forward an intelligent autonomous development mode and basic concept of artillery weapon equipment aiming control, discusses the characteristics and differences between artillery intelligent autonomous and conventional computer automatic control from the aspects of signal perception layer, control strategy layer and drive execution, and analyzes the development trend of artillery weapon equipment aiming control technology.
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Karović-Babić, Merisa. "Sarajevo, 2. i 3. maj 1992. godine. Žrtve, interpretacije, manipulacije." Historijski pogledi 6, no. 10 (November 15, 2023): 260–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2023.6.10.260.
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Ignoring the historical context of the events in a city that had been under siege for nearly a month, the debates surrounding May 2nd and 3rd, 1992, which exclusively focus on the deaths of members of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) at various locations in the city, including Dobrovoljacka Street, continue without interruption. The citizens of Sarajevo killed during those two days are nowhere mentioned, and their memory is not included in the official memorialization of the city's siege. Furthermore, within the interpretation of the events on Dobrovoljacka Street, there is a noticeable continuous strategy aimed at connecting all the deceased JNA members at the end of April and the beginning of May with the events on Dobrovoljacka Street, effectively camouflaging the previous attacks on the city and the involvement of the JNA in them. Therefore, it was important for us in the first part of our work to point to documents from the Command of the 2nd Military District related to the participation of the JNA in digging artillery positions around the city, their role in the division of Sarajevo's districts along national lines, the relocation of weaponry to „safer areas“ where the Serbian population constituted an absolute ethnic majority, the initiation of the attack on the city, the first casualties in April, as well as the shelling and the burning of residential, cultural-historical, religious, economic, and other facilities in the city. All events that preceded the actual siege of Sarajevo, starting from the autumn of 1991, including the war in Croatia and the subsequent occupation of Bosnian cities, contributed to the perception of the JNA as an enemy force by the citizens of Sarajevo and all pro-Bosnian forces. The shelling of Sarajevo with weaponry and armaments previously positioned on the hills and mountains around the city, in particular, intensified the animosity towards the JNA from the citizens of Sarajevo. The main part of the work will address the chronological sequence of events in the city during May 2nd and 3rd, 1992, street battles in multiple locations in the city, including sites such as the JNA House, Marin Dvor, Skenderija, in front of the National Theater, UPI building, Workers' University Djuro Đakovic (now: Bosnian Cultural Center - BKC), Estrada café, in front of the Command of the 2nd Military District, and ultimately Dobrovoljacka Street. This section will also discuss all other locations where battles took place, as well as the shelling, infantry and sniper activities directed towards civilian objects in the city, which resulted in casualties among the civilian population. Numerous internet sources contain information about 42 JNA members who perished on Dobrovoljacka Street, and this number is always mentioned on the anniversary of the event. However, through a comparison with official sources, we have analyzed how many JNA members genuinely died on Dobrovoljacka Street, how many died at other locations where street battles took place during the city's attack, and how many names on the mentioned list have incomplete identities with unknown locations and times of death. Additionally, based on multiple primary historical sources and relying on the previously interpreted context of events in the city, the work will present the locations and identities of the killed members of the Territorial Defense of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as civilians who were killed in the city during May 2nd and 3rd, 1992. Various scientific methods were employed for this purpose, with an emphasis on analytical-documentary and comparative processing of primary and secondary sources of diverse origin, statistical data analysis, interview methods, particularly focusing on several target groups of interviewees crucial for the reconstruction and contextualization of these events. In the final chapter, we will address the (non-)prosecution of crimes, including the most serious crimes committed against the civilian population and civilian facilities in Sarajevo from April 5th to the beginning of May 1992.
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Семененко, О., А. Єфіменко, В. Луханін, В. Горгуленко, Ю. Добровольський, and М. Ярмольчик. "ПРОПОЗИЦІЇ З УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕТОДИКИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВОГНЕВИХ ТА УДАРНИХ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ УГРУПОВАНЬ ВІЙСЬК ЩОДО БОРОТЬБИ З БРОНЕОБ’ЄКТАМИ ПРОТИВНИКА ТА ЇЇ ПРОГРАМНА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 20 (December 14, 2023): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2023.20.93-100.
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The problem of determining the fire and strike capabilities of army groups in combating (fighting) the enemy's armored objects is formulated, which generally consists in lack of standardized approaches in the military management units and established form of the report. The need for program implementation of a single methodology in a complex of mathematical models and information-calculation tasks is emphasized. A detailed analysis of previous methods was carried out. The main shortcomings of most methods of the Soviet period consist of the lack of combat efficiency coefficients of modern anti-tank weapons and the impossibility of taking into account the presence of various types of enemy tanks and armored fighting vehicles on the battlefield. The main shortcomings of most of the methods developed in the Armed Forces of Ukraine are the replacement of combat effectiveness coefficients of anti-tank weapons with the coefficients of combat potential, separate, fundamentally different approaches to determining the capabilities of artillery anti-tank weapons and the capabilities of anti-tank weapons of tank and mechanized units, inflated, unreliable values of the capabilities of artillery anti-tank weapons etc. A general scheme of calculations for determining the fire and strike capabilities of army groups in fighting enemy armored objects is provided with a detailed description for each stage. The essence of the calculations is to estimate the armored group of the enemy through the number of conventional tanks, to evaluate the fire capabilities of anti-tank weapons to damage enemy armored targets in conventional tanks, to determine the composition of the enemy group, the blow of which can be repelled by the fire of anti-tank weapons in the defense or defeated in the offensive. Keywords: fire and strike capabilities, operational-tactical calculations, fighting enemy armored objects, operation of army groups (forces), fire damage, anti-tank weapon.
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Kott, Alexander. "Toward universal laws of technology evolution: modeling multi-century advances in mobile direct-fire systems." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 17, no. 4 (September 23, 2019): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512919875523.
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This paper explores the question of whether a single regularity of technological growth might apply to a broad range of technologies, over a period of multiple centuries. To this end, the paper investigates a collection of diverse weapon systems called here the mobile direct-fire systems. These include widely different families of technologies that span the period of 1300–2015 CE: foot soldiers armed with weapons from bows to assault rifles; horse-mounted soldiers with a variety of weapons; foot artillery and horse artillery; towed antitank guns; self-propelled antitank and assault guns; and tanks. The main contribution of this paper is that, indeed, a single, parsimonious regularity describes the historical growth of this extremely broad collection of systems. Multiple, widely different families of weapon systems—from a bowman to a tank—fall closely on the same curve, a simple function of time. This suggests a general model that unites allometric relations (such as Kleiber’s Law) and exponential growth relations (such as Moore’s Law). To this author’s knowledge, no prior research describes a regularity in the temporal growth of technology that covers such widely different technologies and over such a long period of history. This regularity is suitable for technology forecasting, as this paper illustrates with explorations of two systems that might appear 30 years in the future from this writing: a heavy infantryman and a tank. In both cases, the regularity helped lead to nonobvious conclusions, particularly regarding the power of the weapons of such future systems. Furthermore, this result suggests a possibility—and related research questions—that even broader collections of technology families might evolve historically in accordance with what might be called universal laws of technological evolution.
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Buța, Viorel, and Răzvan Manoliu. "Noi tendințe în întrebuințarea diferitelor arme în războiul ruso-ucrainean." Gândirea Militară Românească 2023, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.55535/gmr.2023.4.09.
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In the Russian-Ukrainian war, there was a change in the weight of the use of some weapons in military actions. The very intensive use of ground artillery is observed. It is estimated that about 70% of Ukrainian military casualties are caused by Russian artillery fire, which is an extraordinary component of the armed forces. The Institute of Strategic Studies (IRUSI) in London notes the accuracy, but especially the short reaction time (up to three minutes) of this weapon. For the Ukrainians, the JAVELIN anti-tank missile and the highly accurate HIMARS systems (error of only 10m from the target) were very effective in hitting some infrastructure elements and warehouses of ammunition and logistical materials. As a result, the Russians had to move some of their warehouses deeper. A significant share is the drones used intensively by both sides, mainly the BAYRAKTAR (Turkish origin) by the Ukrainians and the SHAHED (Iranian origin) by the Russians.
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Buța, Viorel, and Răzvan Manoliu. "New Trends in the Use of Different Weapons in the Russo-Ukrainian War." Romanian Military Thinking 2023, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.55535/rmt.2023.4.09.
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In the Russian-Ukrainian war, there was a change in the weight of the use of some weapons in military actions. The very intensive use of ground artillery is observed. It is estimated that about 70% of Ukrainian military casualties are caused by Russian artillery fire, which is an extraordinary component of the armed forces. The Institute of Strategic Studies (IRUSI) in London notes the accuracy, but especially the short reaction time (up to three minutes) of this weapon. For the Ukrainians, the JAVELIN anti-tank missile and the highly accurate HIMARS systems (error of only 10m from the target) were very effective in hitting some infrastructure elements and warehouses of ammunition and logistical materials. As a result, the Russians had to move some of their warehouses deeper. A significant share is the drones used intensively by both sides, mainly the BAYRAKTAR (Turkish origin) by the Ukrainians and the SHAHED (Iranian origin) by the Russians.
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Šapoka, Mindaugas. "Artyleria Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w latach 1700–1717." Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy 24, no. 1 (2023): 40–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32089/wbh.phw.2023.1(283).0002.
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The article discusses the organization of the Lithuanian artillery 1700–1717. The findings are mainly based on a report concerning the funding and expenses of the artillery corps that was prepared for the Lithuanian Fiscal Tribunal of 1717 that took place in Grodno. The article examines the number of artillery weapons and the amount of ammunition that the corps was obliged to provide for the Lithu- anian army. The composition of the corps, artillery reform plans and several other issues are also discussed.
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Tiwari, Dr Aruna, Dr Ritu Kapoor, and Dr Manoj Adhalaka. "Strategic Uses of Poison in Ancient Times According to Ayurved." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 1247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47162.
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Abstract: In both ancient Samhitas and contemporary texts, poisoning is thoroughly discussed. Collective use of poison for mass destruction has been going on since ancient times. In ancient times, food, water and atmosphere etc. were contaminated by using poison (Samrika Vish Prayog) etc. to win over the enemy. At present, the form of this poison has taken the form of various types of chemical weapons and nuclear weapons, which, if used, leads to mass destruction of the enemy army in a very short time. A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) It is a nuclear, radiological, chemical, biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage. For personal gain throughout ancient times, the Visha was blended with food, beverages, and cosmetics. Chemical weapons are chemical agents, whether gaseous, liquid, or solid, those are employed because of their direct Toxic effects on humans, animals, and plants. They inflict damage when inhaled, absorbed through the skin, or ingested in food or drink. Chemical agents become weapons when they are placed into artillery shells, land mines, aerial bombs, missile warheads, mortar shells, grenades, spray tanks, or any other means of delivering the agents to designated targets.
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Zhang, Pei Chao, Yuan Zeng Cheng, and Jie Wang. "Damage Effectiveness Evaluation of Missile and Artillery Air Defense Group." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 959–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.959.
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Currently, missile and artillery air defense system under the conditions of the network has become a very important air defense weapon system, and play an unprecedented role in modern warfare process. To develop high damage performance missile and artillery air defense system has become common goal. It is necessary to study the impact of missile and artillery air defense system damage performance for improving damage probability of missile and artillery air defense system.
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Zhang, Pei Chao, Yuan Zeng Cheng, Wei Mei, and Bin Qian Cao. "Study on the Effectiveness Evaluation of Missile and Artillery Air Defense Group." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 5544–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.5544.
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Currently, missile and artillery air defense system under the conditions of the network has become a very important air defense weapon system, and play an unprecedented role in modern warfare process. To develop high damage performance missile and artillery air defense system has become common goal. It is necessary to study the impact of missile and artillery air defense system damage performance for improving damage probability of missile and artillery air defense system.
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Bakalov, V., V. Kuzmenko, I. Yarish, and D. Zroichykov. "COMPUTER STUDY OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE ARTILLERY SHOT PROCESS." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 15, no. 1 (April 12, 2023): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.15.2023.02.
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The article deals with the issue of computer research of the mathematical model of the artillery fire process. Russia’s war against Ukraine showed that the success of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) largely depends on artillery units. The effectiveness of the actions of the artillery units depends on the normal functioning of artillery weapons.
The phenomenon of the shot is characterized by short duration, high pressure and high temperature. The duration of the shot phenomenon is determined by tenths and even hundredths of a second. A pressure of up to 400 MPa and a temperature of more than 2000 С develop in the bore of the weapon.
It should be noted that the processes of gunpowder combustion are very complex. They depend on the manufactures, namely, on the type of gunpowder, chemical composition, its type (geometry) and pressure. So, the process of gunpowder combustion is described by equations that were obtained experimentally. Such experiments were carried out a long time ago, so most of the constants currently used in the calculation of the combustion process are expressed in the old ICGSS system of units. Therefore, it should be taken into account in the calculations when determining, for example, the pressure in MPA.
The mathematical model of the artillery shot process takes into account all the factors that affect the processes occurring in the barrel. The mathematical model of an artillery shot consists mainly of the gunpowder combustion equation, the energy conversion equation, the projectile motion equation, the initial and boundary conditions. The numerical solution of the given systems of equations was carried out by numerical methods and the differential equations were solved by the Runge-Kutta method. The obtained values of the maximum pressures of powder gases and their comparison with the experimental ones showed that the error does not exceed 3 % which confirms the adequacy of the mathematical model of the artillery shot. Thus, the proposed mathematical model of an artillery shot and the method of its solution can be used to study the influence of various parameters (gunpowder parameters, design parameter of the guns, mass of the projectile and others) on the processes occurring during a shot.
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Ivan, Jan. "Artillery Survey for Autonomous Weapon Systems and Basic Requirements on Survey Units." Vojenské rozhledy 28, no. 4 (November 25, 2019): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3849/2336-2995.28.2019.04.063-077.
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Shen, Qing-ming, Li-jun Yan, Jian-zhong Zhao, Ying Gao, Yong-qiang Yuan, Er-liang Wang, Shi-ming Zhang, and Chao Ma. "Projectile-Artillery-Propellant Coupled Optimization Design Method of Artillery Weapon Systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2460, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2460/1/012047.
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Abstract The artillery weapon system is a complex system of great non-linearity. There are many factors and their coupling relationship affecting the firing performance of artillery, and the key factor positioning is difficult. How to improve the firing performance of artillery through optimization is a challenge. The current optimization method considers less coupling factors. To approach this challenge, a projectile-artillery-propellant coupled optimization design method is proposed, where a multidisciplinary coupling of projectiles, artillery and propellant is proposed and used to construct an optimization model, and the minimum initial disturbance is taken as the optimization objective. The simulation results show that at the moment when the projectile exist the muzzle, the optimized muzzle vibration displacement is reduced by 47.6%, the muzzle vibration speed is reduced by 33.4%, the average nutation angle is reduced by 63%, the average nutation angular speed is reduced by 27%.
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Нікул, С., А. Дерев'янчук, О. Кравчук, Д. Максимчук, and Ю. Сініло. "ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ «PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE» ДЛЯ ЗБІЛЬШЕННЯ НАДІЙНОСТІ ТА ПЕРЕДБАЧУВАНОСТІ РЕМОНТНИХ РОБІТ." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 20 (December 14, 2023): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2023.20.51-55.
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This research article discusses the importance of implementing the Predictive Maintenance concept in the context of rocket and artillery weapons to improve the reliability and predictability of repair work. The article discusses key aspects of this concept, including its basic principles and methods, including the use of data analytics and artificial intelligence. The authors analyze the benefits of Predictive Maintenance in the military context, pointing to reduced repair costs, increased availability of military equipment, and extended equipment life. In addition, the article examines the challenges that arise when implementing this concept and provides recommendations on how to overcome them. Modern military equipment requires a high level of reliability and combat readiness. The introduction of the Predictive Maintenance concept is becoming extremely important to ensure the efficiency and safety of military equipment. This research article is devoted to the study and discussion of the possibilities of implementing Predictive Maintenance in the context of rocket and artillery weapons in order to increase the reliability and predictability of repair work. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of implementing Predictive Maintenance as a strategic tool to ensure optimal performance and readiness of missile and artillery weapons in the modern military environment. Keywords: Implementation, concept, Predictive Maintenance, reliability, predictability, repair work, data analytics, artificial intelligence, monitoring systems, machine learning algorithms, sensors, failure prediction, planning, efficiency, readiness, rocket and artillery weapons.
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Meng, Fanzhe, Anxue Guo, Wubin Qu, Qiang Huang, Yao Zhang, and Zhenyi Zhang. "Application and Research of Automatic Ammunition Resupply and Replenishment System for Artillery: A Review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 12 (June 1, 2023): 122070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/12/122070.
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Abstract Rapid ammunition resupply is important for artillery to enhance combat capability and guarantee combat effectiveness, and the application of automatic ammunition resupply system to artillery ammunition resupply equipment is a hot spot in the current research of logistics ammunition resupply. This paper summarizes the current situation of automatic ammunition resupply vehicle and ammunition self-loading technology of artillery combat vehicles, which has reference significance for understanding the development status of automatic ammunition resupply system of artillery weapons. The research trend of automatic ammunition resupply for artillery is reviewed. It is found that the application of robotic arm is a hot spot for the research of ammunition self-loading technology of artillery combat vehicles, which can be used for reference for the technical direction of automatic ammunition supply and replenishment system for artillery in the future.
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Бордіян, П. "АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДИЧНОГО АПАРАТУ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЯКІСНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК АРТИЛЕРІЙСЬКИХ ГАРМАТ І БОЄПРИПАСІВ." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 20 (November 14, 2023): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2023.20.19-25.
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This scientific article is aimed at the analysis of the methodological apparatus used to predict the qualitative characteristics of artillery guns and ammunition. Artillery plays a key role in military operations, and it is important to understand and predict the key parameters that determine its effectiveness and safety. This work examines in detail the methodical apparatus for forecasting the qualitative characteristics of artillery guns and ammunition. One of the main ways to increase the balance of the process of development of artillery weapons samples is program planning, which, based on the results of forecasted development studies, determines the main directions of research on the development of weapons. The second path concerns the technical characteristics of artillery guns, including their caliber, firing range, accuracy and charge characteristics. It is important to determine how these parameters affect the gun’s ability to engage and to determine their relevance to the needs of military operations The third path focuses on the cost of artillery systems. The cost of development, production, maintenance and modernization of the systems is projected, as well as the economic aspects and the impact on the budget are considered. This article aims to make a significant contribution to the development of scientific approaches to predicting the quality characteristics of artillery guns and ammunition. The results of the research can be useful for the military, defense and industrial sectors aimed at ensuring national security and military activities. Keywords: artillery guns, ammunition, specifications, quality characteristics, cost, safety, forecasting, analysis, military operations, national security, explosive charges, firing range, technology, modernization, production, maintenance, technical system.
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Galkin, Andrey, Yuriy Sinilo, Oleg Skorokhvatov, Alexey Kovalchuk, and Victor Liskovchuk. "EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF WEAPONS OF DESTRUCTION AND AMMUNITION USING PERCUSSION CORE." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 15 (September 30, 2021): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2021.15.88-94.
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The development of high-precision ammunition, which operates on the principle of «discovered and destroyed armored vehicles» – is one of the areas of improving the arsenal of ammunition of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In the development of these weapon of destruction there is the development of homing and self-aiming warheads, which can be equipped not only with artillery, jet, engineering ammunition, but also warheads of tactical and operational-tactical missiles, means of destroying strike unmanned aerial vehicles. Ammunition is optimized to hit a very wide range of targets (launchers, artillery systems, tanks and other armored vehicles) and allow to effectively conduct fire defeat of the enemy during various types of combat operations. The article considers the principle of operation, general design and classification of means of destruction and ammunition using a shock nucleus, which are currently used in the armies of advanced countries. The main characteristics and possibilities of application of these means of defeat are analyzed. Recommendations are being developed for the development of these weapons of destruction in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the increase of their combat effectiveness, their use in the use of strike unmanned aerial vehicles or the use of these weapons of destruction as «kamikaze» drones. Keywords: projectile-forming charge, explosive, striking element, warhead, cumulative charge, cumulative facing, target coordinator, cumulative jet, self-aiming warhead, homing warheads.
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Popescu, Stelian. "Control of Malfunctions and their Consequences in the Operation of the Heavy Artillery Weapons." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0132.
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Abstract At essential components in the composition of artillery weapons, it is important that during the manufacturing and repair processes, to identify, at an early stage, possible non-homogeneities / structural and joining discrepancies, which may lead to major defects and finally the occurrence of some damages in these weapons. Such phenomena can be traced and prevented by non-destructive control methods available to the actors involved. Suggestive in this regard are the methods of control with penetrating, electromagnetic, ultrasound and pressurizing liquids. Ignoring the consequences of the malfunctions can lead to a worsening of the technical condition of the artillery weapons and, implicitly, to their decommissioning.
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Lytovchenko, D., and V. Kutsenko. "INDICATORS OF SA-19 “GRISON” ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUN MISSILE SYSTEM EFFICIENCY WHEN FIRING AT NONTYPICAL TARGETS OF THE ROCKET AND ARTILLERY WEAPONS." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 9 (December 3, 2021): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.9.2021.12.
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In modern conditions of combat use the SA-19 “Grison” anti-aircraft gun missile system fires at small targets (drones) and typical targets (helicopters and attack aircraft), so a number of problems arise. In particular, they include: finding the value of the probabilities of hitting the target with n shots and one shot; assessing the effectiveness of the SA-19 “Grison” platoon‟s concentrated fire on a single target; estimating errors of missile guidance and warhead detonation system; estimating the values of conditional probabilities of hitting a target with a single missile, depending on the value of particular mishit.
When calculating the slant range to the far edge of the SA-19 “Grison” weapon's kill zone under different conditions of use, factors that reduce these ranges should be taken into account.
An analysis of the main studies and publications presented in [1-9] does not make it possible to determine the performance of missile and artillery weapons in shooting at small-size targets. This literature provides general approaches to solving this problem.
The purpose of this article is to develop a model for calculating the values of conditional probabilities of destruction of small targets, to form the best options for repelling an enemy‟s air strike, as well as to justify the general directions of improvement of weapon‟s elements.
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Wang, Chun Yan, Hao Sun, and Tao Li. "The Static Tester of Fire Control System Performance Parameters." Key Engineering Materials 552 (May 2013): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.552.319.
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This tester is mainly used to test the firepower of armored vehicles weapon equipment, the artillery loosening amount and rigidity of fire control system, the largest mobilization artillery speed and other related static parameters. In this paper, the design of the tester include: static parameters optical probe, the vehicle central control device, the image processing device, the test target and so on. In the static parameter tests of weapon systems, the static probe is installed in the muzzle, the prescriptive force is imposed on the artillery tube to produce movement, CCD camera can photography the relative motion image of the target, then the computer processes images according to the corresponding program, and figures out the trajectory of the artillery tube, thus the corresponding static parameters is calculated. Experimental results show that: The system has reached a very good image quality, and the reliability is very high, Diagonal field of view>4°, the specification requirements are reached.
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Іванов, Т., and Р. Булгаков. "РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ЩОДО УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ РУХОМИХ ЗАСОБІВ ТЕХНІЧНОГО ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ І РЕМОНТУ ОЗБРОЄННЯ ТА ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ ТЕХНІКИ." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 19 (June 30, 2023): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2023.19.93-102.
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After the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, the issue of repair and restoration of weapons and military equipment of all types that are in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine and those that come as material and technical assistance from partner countries has become acute, more than ever in the entire existence of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In particular, there is the issue of repair and restoration of all types of weapons and military equipment by temporary repair and restoration bodies. In this article, an analysis of the composition and order of use of mobile means of maintenance and repair of missile and artillery weapons in the Armed Forces of Ukraine was carried out, and a comparison was made with the composition and order of use of mobile means of maintenance and repair of the US Armed Forces. Also, during the work, attention was paid to the improvement of the existing mobile means of maintenance and repair of weapons of the missile and artillery nomenclature. This issue was investigated by substantiating the prospects for the development of mobile means of maintenance and repair of missile and artillery weapons. The mentioned questions have significant problems and cause curiosity and exploratory research among specialists in the technical direction of logistics support in view of the need to make such qualitative changes to the restoration system that would allow to ensure the maximum coverage by proper repair of all defective samples of weapons and military equipment, including samples of foreign production, i.e. those that are in service with NATO countries. But first of all, it is necessary to develop specific recommendations for a prospective complex of mobile vehicles, which will include not only a qualitative update of repair equipment, but also take into account the principle of unification, interoperability and modularity of the sample under study. Keywords: maintenance, repair, restoration, mobile vehicle, missile and artillery weapons.
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Benda, Vladimir Nikolaevich. "Development of the Russian industrial base and technology for the production of artillery weapons in the 18th century." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 27, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2021-27-2-37-44.
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The purpose of the research is to reveal the features of the creation and activity of the Russian military industry for the production of artillery weapons and ammunition in the 18th century. The article deals with issues related to the accelerated development of industry under Peter I, especially metallurgy, associated with the Great Northern War (1700-1721). Attention is drawn to the fact that due to the construction of a group of state-run private iron foundries and ironworks, four industrial districts were formed – Tula, Olonets, the Urals and St. Petersburg. These districts had for a long time been the main arsenals for the production of artillery weapons for the Russian army. The author focuses on the aspects of improving the quality of products produced by weapons factories in the 18th century. Scientific novelty consists in an interdisciplinary consideration of the issue involving the works of authors whose works were published in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern periods and in the introduction of previously unpublished sources into scientific circulation. It is concluded that the development of the organisational structure of the Russian army caused an increase in the production of artillery weapons and ammunition and the creation of the necessary amount of stocks of these weapons to meet the current needs of the army and navy.
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Świętochowski, Norbert, and Dariusz Rewak. "The role and place of artillery in combating “Anti-Access/Area Denial” A2/AD systems." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 200, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 387–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9797.
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The modern “Anti-Access/Area Denial” A2/AD systems are defined as a combination of all possible measures that can limit the ability of a potential opponent to enter and occupy a given area (operational theatre). Their action relies, among others, on radio-electronic disruption of digital guidance systems, communication, command and control systems, shooting down long-range maneuvering missiles, drones, and aircraft. The primary assumption of the anti-access concept is to deprive the enemy of the possibility of entering a given operational area (A2 – Anti-Access) through long-range destruction and depriving them of freedom of action in that theatre (AD – Area-Denial) by medium and short-range weapons. The Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAM), Anti-Ship Ballistic Missiles (ASBM), and Anti-Ship Manoeuvring Cruise Missile (ASCM) are used to carry out A2/AD tasks. Field artillery has also been used recently, particularly the Long-Range Precision Fires (LRPF). The purpose of the article is to determine the chance of using field artillery against the A2/AD systems. According to the authors, the NATO forces will lose control in the air in the first period of the conventional conflict with an equivalent opponent, and its rapid recovery will be a priority. Field artillery, as a weapon with ever greater possibilities of precise and deep destruction, can become a decisive factor, allowing dominance of A2/AD systems and enabling the implementation of tasks of its air-force and army aviation, as well as ground forces.
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Gevorgjan, Roland, Konstantin Svjatokum, Serhii Grygorenko, Kiril Dehtiarenko, and Leonid Gordishevskii. "ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-PRECISION WEAPON, INCLUDING HIGH-PRECISION MUNITIONS." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 15 (September 30, 2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2021.15.28-34.
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This article provides an analysis of modern high-precision armament (artillery), is standing in service with Ukraine and USA. The main specifications of high-precision munitions, the principle of their action and application are given. Modern barrel artillery, with high firepower, rate of fire, maneuverability and the ability to solve a wide range of combat tasks, retains a leading position in the armament system of militarily advanced countries. High fire properties of barrel artillery are provided by constant improvement of all components of its subsystems. In terms of combat potential, the most modern artillery systems 2C19 (Ukraine), CAESAR (France), and PzH2000 (Germany) are 4-5 times higher than the artillery systems developed in the 1960s and 1980s. And yet, despite the obvious improvement in artillery, the number of guns involved, the consumption of shells and the time of the main combat missions still remain significant. Thus, to defeat the enemy’s battery at ranges from 15 to 20 km, you need to involve an artillery division (18 guns), and the cost will be 600-800 shells.The firing time is 6-8 minutes. Widespread introduction of the latest scientific and technical achievements in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has led to the emergence of qualitatively new means of armed strugg. First of all, we are talking about high-precision weapons, the mass use of which allows you to solve problems of operational and sometimes strategic nature. Keywords: high-precision armament, high0precision munitions, artillery systems, specifications, possibilities.