Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Artificial Scotoma / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Artificial Scotoma.

Journal articles on the topic 'Artificial Scotoma'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Artificial Scotoma.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

TAILBY, CHRIS, and ANDREW METHA. "Artificial scotoma-induced perceptual distortions are orientation dependent and short lived." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 1 (January 2004): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804041082.

Full text

Abstract:

Conditioning human observers with an “artificial scotoma”—a small retinal area deprived of patterned stimulation within a larger area of dynamically textured noise—results in contractions and expansions of perceived space that are thought to reflect receptive-field changes among cells in the primary visual cortex (Kapadia et al., 1994). Here we show that one-dimensional counter-phase flickering grating patterns are also potent stimuli for producing artificial scotomata capable of altering three-element bisection ability analogous to those results reported earlier. Moreover, we found that the magnitude of the induced spatial distortions depends critically on the relative orientations of peri-scotomatous and test-stimulus spatial contrast. In addition, the perceptual distortions are found to be relatively short lived, decaying within 660 ms. The results support the hypothesis that artificial scotoma-induced perceptual distortions are generated by dynamic alteration of connection efficacy within a network linking cortical areas of similar orientation specificity, consistent with established anatomical and physiological results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Shohara, R., M. Katsumura, and S. Naito. "Selective Filling-in of Large Artificial Scotoma." Journal of Vision 11, no. 11 (September 23, 2011): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.11.1060.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

KALARICKAL, GEORGE J., and JONATHAN A. MARSHALL. "Models of receptive-field dynamics in visual cortex." Visual Neuroscience 16, no. 6 (November 1999): 1055–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523899166070.

Full text

Abstract:

The position, size, and shape of the receptive field (RF) of some cortical neurons change dynamically, in response to artificial scotoma conditioning (Pettet & Gilbert, 1992) and to retinal lesions (Chino et al., 1992; Darian-Smith & Gilbert, 1995) in adult animals. The RF dynamics are of interest because they show how visual systems may adaptively overcome damage (from lesions, scotomas, or other failures), may enhance processing efficiency by altering RF coverage in response to visual demand, and may perform perceptual learning. This paper presents an afferent excitatory synaptic plasticity rule and a lateral inhibitory synaptic plasticity rule—the EXIN rules (Marshall, 1995)—to model persistent RF changes after artificial scotoma conditioning and retinal lesions. The EXIN model is compared to the LISSOM model (Sirosh et al., 1996) and to a neuronal adaptation model (Xing & Gerstein, 1994). The rules within each model are isolated and are analyzed independently, to elucidate their roles in adult cortical RF dynamics. Based on computer simulations, the EXIN lateral inhibitory synaptic plasticity rule and the LISSOM lateral excitatory synaptic plasticity rule produced the best fit with current neurophysiological data on visual cortical plasticity in adult animals (Chino et al., 1992; Pettet & Gilbert, 1992; Darian-Smith & Gilbert, 1995) including (1) the retinal position and shape of the expanding RFs; (2) the corticotopic direction in which responsiveness returns to the silenced cortex; (3) the direction of RF shifts; (4) the amount of change in response to blank stimuli; and (5) the lack of dynamic RF changes during conditioning with a retinal lesion in one eye and the unlesioned eye kept open, in adult animals. The effects of the LISSOM lateral inhibitory synaptic plasticity rule during artificial scotoma conditioning are in conflict with those of the other two LISSOM synaptic plasticity rules. A novel “complementary scotoma” conditioning experiment, in which stimulation of two complementary regions of visual space alternates repeatedly, is proposed to differentiate the predictions of the EXIN and LISSOM rules.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Seizova-Cajic, Tatjana, Nika Adamian, Marianne Duyck, and Patrick Cavanagh. "Motion-Induced Scotoma." Perception 48, no. 2 (February 2019): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006619825769.

Full text

Abstract:

We investigated artificial scotomas created when a moving object instantaneously crossed a gap, jumping ahead and continuing its otherwise smooth motion. Gaps of up to 5.1 degrees of visual angle, presented at 18° eccentricity, either closed completely or appeared much shorter than when the same gap was crossed by two-point apparent motion, or crossed more slowly, mimicking occlusion. Prolonged exposure to motion trajectories with a gap in most cases led to further shrinking of the gap. The same gap-shrinking effect has previously been observed in touch. In both sensory modalities, it implicates facilitation among codirectional local motion detectors and motion neurons with receptive fields larger than the gap. Unlike stimuli that simply deprive a receptor surface of input, suggesting it is insentient, our motion pattern skips a section in a manner that suggests a portion of the receptor surface has been excised, and the remaining portions stitched back together. This makes it a potentially useful tool in the experimental study of plasticity in sensory maps.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

NAITO, Seiichiro, Ryo SHOHARA, and Makoto KATSUMURA. "Artificial Scotoma And Filling-In Induced By Mib." IEICE ESS Fundamentals Review 8, no. 4 (2015): 244–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/essfr.8.244.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hummer, A., M. Ritter, M. Woletz, A. A. Ledolter, M. Tik, S. O. Dumoulin, G. E. Holder, U. Schmidt-Erfurth, and C. Windischberger. "Artificial scotoma estimation based on population receptive field mapping." NeuroImage 169 (April 2018): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Janssen, Christian P., and Preeti Verghese. "Stop before you saccade: Looking into an artificial peripheral scotoma." Journal of Vision 15, no. 5 (April 10, 2015): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.5.7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Henderson, John M., Karen K. Mcclure, Steven Pierce, and Gary Schrock. "Object identification without foveal vision: Evidence from an artificial scotoma paradigm." Perception & Psychophysics 59, no. 3 (April 1997): 323–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03211901.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Wykes, V., R. Weil, and G. Rees. "Attentional load modulates time-to filling-in of an artificial scotoma." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (March 19, 2010): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.280.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Varsori, Michael, Angelica Perez-Fornos, Avinoam B. Safran, and Andrew R. Whatham. "Development of a viewing strategy during adaptation to an artificial central scotoma." Vision Research 44, no. 23 (October 2004): 2691–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2004.05.027.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Murakami, Ikuya, and Hidehiko Komatsu. "1635 Filling-in at an artificial scotoma of the monkey: Behavioral evidence." Neuroscience Research Supplements 18 (January 1993): S187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8696(05)81204-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Weil, R., J. Kilner, J. D. Haynes, and G. Rees. "Neural correlates of perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma in humans." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (March 19, 2010): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.279.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Weil, R. S., J. M. Kilner, J. D. Haynes, and G. Rees. "Neural correlates of perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma in humans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 12 (March 14, 2007): 5211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0609294104.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Plummer, Richard, James Brown, and Jaeseon Song. "Using artificial scotoma fading to explore antagonistic interactions in figure-ground perception." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.805.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Trauzettel-Klosinski, S. "Reading with Visual Field Defects." Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (August 1997): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970025.

Full text

Abstract:

The influence of different visual field defects on the reading performance was examined with potential adaptive strategies to improve the reading process in mind. By means of an SLO, the retinal fixation locus (RFL) was determined with the use of single targets and text, and eye movements scanning the text were recorded on video tape. Additionally, eye movements were monitored by an Infrared Limbus Tracker. Visual fields were assessed by the Tübingen Manual and/or automatic perimetry. Normal subjects, and patients with central scotomata, ring scotomata, and hemianopic field defects (HFD) were examined. The main pathological reading parameters were an increase of saccade frequency and regressions per line, and a decrease of reading speed. In patients with field defects involving the visual field centre, fixation behaviour is significant for regaining reading ability. In absolute central scotoma, the lost foveal function promotes eccentric fixation. The remaining problem is insufficient resolution of the RFL, which can be compensated for by magnification of the text. In patients with insufficient size of their reading visual field, due to HFD and ring scotoma, it is crucial that they learn to use a new RFL despite intact foveolar function. Preconditions for reading have been found to be: (1) sufficient resolution of the RFL, (2) a reading visual field of a minimum extent, and (3) intact basic oculomotor function. In patients with visual field defects involving the centre, a sensory-motor adaptation process is required: the use of a new RFL as the new centre of the visual field and as the new zero point for eye-movement coordinates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Lazzouni, L., and D. Saint-Amour. "Modulation of orientation discrimination in artificial scotoma zone with transcranial direct current stimulation." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (August 22, 2014): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.54.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Chong, Luke X., Andrew Turpin, and Allison M. McKendrick. "Assessing the GOANNA Visual Field Algorithm Using Artificial Scotoma Generation on Human Observers." Translational Vision Science & Technology 5, no. 5 (September 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/tvst.5.5.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Weil, R., and G. Rees. "Perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma shows retinotopic specificity in human visual cortex." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (March 19, 2010): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.1011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Weerd, Peter De, Ricardo Gattass, Robert Desimone, and Leslie G. Ungerleider. "Responses of cells in monkey visual cortex during perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma." Nature 377, no. 6551 (October 1995): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/377731a0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Weil, Rimona S., Victoria Wykes, David Carmel, and Geraint Rees. "Opposite effects of perceptual and working memory load on perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma." Cognitive Neuroscience 3, no. 1 (October 10, 2011): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2011.603829.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Weil, R. S., S. Watkins, and G. Rees. "Neural correlates of perceptual completion of an artificial scotoma in human visual cortex measured using functional MRI." NeuroImage 42, no. 4 (October 2008): 1519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Laurin, Anne-Sophie, Trang Tran, Gunnar Blohm, Laure Pisella, and Aarlenne Z. Khan. "AB060. Peripheral attentional allocation during visual search in the presence of an artificial scotoma in younger and older adults." Annals of Eye Science 3 (March 2018): AB060. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aes.2018.ab060.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Das, A., and C. D. Gilbert. "Receptive field expansion in adult visual cortex is linked to dynamic changes in strength of cortical connections." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 2 (August 1, 1995): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.779.

Full text

Abstract:

1. Receptive field (RF) sizes of neurons in adult primary visual cortex are dynamic, expanding and contracting in response to alternate stimulation outside and within the RF over periods ranging from seconds to minutes. The substrate for this dynamic expansion was shown to lie in cortex, as opposed to subcortical parts of the visual pathway. The present study was designed to examine changes in cortical connection strengths that could underlie this observed plasticity by measuring the changes in cross-correlation histograms between pairs of primary visual cortex neurons that are induced to dynamically change their RF sizes. 2. Visually driven neural activity was recorded from single units in the superficial layers of primary visual cortex in adult cats, with two independent electrodes separated by 0.1–5 mm at their tips, and cross-correlated on-line. The neurons were then conditioned by stimulation with an “artificial scotoma,” a field of flashing random dots filling the region of visual space around a blank rectangle enclosing the RFs of the recorded neurons. The neuronal RFs were tested for expansion and their visually driven output again cross-correlated. After this, the neurons were stimulated vigorously through their RF centers to induce the field to collapse, and the visually driven output from the collapsed RFs was again cross-correlated. Cross-correlograms obtained before and after conditioning, and after RF collapse, were normalized by their flanks to control for changes in peak size due solely to fluctuations in spike rate. 3. A total of 37 pairs of neurons that showed distinct cross-correlogram peaks, and whose RF borders were clearly discernible both before and after conditioning, were used in the final analysis. Of these neuron pairs, conditioning led to a clear expansion of RF boundaries in 28 pairs, whereas in 9 pairs the RFs did not expand. RFs that did expand showed no significant shifts in their orientation preference, orientation selectivity, or ocularity. 4. When the RFs of a pair of neurons expanded with conditioning, the area of the associated flank-normalized cross-correlogram peaks also increased (by a factor ranging from 0.84 up to 3.5). Correlograms returned to their preconditioning values when RFs collapsed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Solomon, J. A., and M. J. Morgan. "The lingering effects of artificial scotomata." Journal of Vision 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.8.222.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Song, Youngmin, Lydia Ouchene, and Aarlenne Zein Khan. "Saccadic adaptation in the presence of artificial central scotomas." Journal of Vision 21, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.1.8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Reich, Lewis N., Dennis M. Levi, and Laura J. Frishman. "Dynamic random noise shrinks the twinkling aftereffect induced by artificial scotomas." Vision Research 40, no. 7 (March 2000): 805–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00215-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Eizenman, M., R. Sapir-Pichhadze, C. A. Westall, A. M. Wong, H. Lee, and Y. Morad. "Eye-Movement Responses to Disparity Vergence Stimuli with Artificial Monocular Scotomas." Current Eye Research 31, no. 6 (January 2006): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02713680600693637.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Yang, Dongsheng, Richard W. Hertle, Mingxia Zhu, Zheng Tai, Eric Hald, and Matthew Kauffman. "Effect of Artificial Scotomas on Open-Loop Disparity Vergence Eye Movements." Optometry and Vision Science 92, no. 1 (January 2015): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000000441.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Mihaylov, Petar, Velitchko Manahilov, William A. Simpson, and Niall C. Strang. "Induced internal noise in perceptual artificial scotomas created by surrounding dynamic noise." Vision Research 47, no. 11 (May 2007): 1479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2007.01.028.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Ramachandran, V. S., and R. L. Gregory. "Perceptual filling in of artificially induced scotomas in human vision." Nature 350, no. 6320 (April 1991): 699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350699a0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Gonçalves, Duarte P. "Systems Thinkers: Check Your Scotomas and Watch Your Language!" Cybernetics and Systems 50, no. 7 (August 12, 2019): 609–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2019.1646016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Ashraf, M. Irfan, Zhengyong Zhao, Charles P. A. Bourque, David A. MacLean, and Fan-Rui Meng. "Integrating biophysical controls in forest growth and yield predictions with artificial intelligence technology." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 43, no. 12 (December 2013): 1162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0090.

Full text

Abstract:

Growth and yield models are critically important for forest management planning. Biophysical factors such as light, temperature, soil water, and nutrient conditions are known to have major impacts on tree growth. However, it is difficult to incorporate these biophysical variables into growth and yield models due to large variation and complex nonlinear relationships between variables. In this study, artificial intelligence technology was used to develop individual-tree-based basal area (BA) and volume increment models. The models successfully account for the effects of incident solar radiation, growing degree days, and indices of soil water and nutrient availability on BA and volume increments of over 40 species at 5-year intervals. The models were developed using data from over 3000 permanent sample plots across the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. Model validation with independent field data produced model efficiencies of 0.38 and 0.60 for the predictions of BA and volume increments, respectively. The models are applicable to predict tree growth in mixed species, even- or uneven-aged forests in Nova Scotia but can easily be calibrated for other climatic and geographic regions. Artificial neural network models demonstrated better prediction accuracy than conventional regression-based approaches. Artificial intelligence techniques have considerable potential in forest growth and yield modelling.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

WENSVEEN, JANICE M., HAROLD E. BEDELL, and DAVID S. LOSHIN. "Reading Rates With Artificial Central Scotomata With and Without Spatial Remapping of Print." Optometry and Vision Science 72, no. 2 (February 1995): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199502000-00009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Lene, Paul, Trang Tran, Anne-Sophie Laurin, Romain Fournet, Frédéric Gosselin, and Aarlenne Z. Khan. "AB061. Changes in eye movement strategies during a discrimination task in the presence of artificial central scotomas." Annals of Eye Science 3 (March 2018): AB061. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aes.2018.ab061.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Kim, Kwang Young, Stephen J. O'Leary, and David J. Garbary. "Artificial hybridization between Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) from Nova Scotia, Canada." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 7 (July 1, 1997): 1133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-124.

Full text

Abstract:

Reciprocal crosses between male and female gametes of Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) LeJolis and Fucus vesiculosus L. were made from plants collected at Tor Bay, Nova Scotia. Crosses within each species were viable and resulted in normal zygote development. Hybrids occurred in low frequency in the cultures (ca. 1–5%) and developed either an initial rhizoid or underwent one or two internal divisions. Hybrid zygotes did not develop further. More developing embryos were observed in crosses when F. vesiculosus provided the eggs, and these zygotes developed longer rhizoids. Maximum development was to three or four cells, which occurred in ca. 10 days. By 5 weeks, all zygotes had disintegrated. Nuclear diameter was the same in both species (6 μm) although almost twice as much nuclear DNA was present in A. nodosum than in F. vesiculosus. Nuclei in hybrids were larger than in the parental species. Key words: Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus, Fucales, hybridization, Phaeophyta.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Revina, Yulia, and Gerrit Maus. "Comparing filling-in of spatiotemporal patterns in the blind spot, under occlusion, and across artificial scotomata." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.804.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Parkash, Ravi, and Frederick Burge. "The Family's Perspective on Issues of Hydration in Terminal Care." Journal of Palliative Care 13, no. 4 (December 1997): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/082585979701300404.

Full text

Abstract:

We identified issues that are important to family caregivers when deciding whether or not artificial hydration should be provided to patients with advanced cancer. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was carried out in the home support and inpatient divisions of a palliative care program in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Participants included children and spouses of terminally ill patients who had dealt with or would soon deal with issues of hydration. Factors influencing caregivers included issues of symptom distress, ethical and emotional considerations, information exchange between health professionals and family, and culture. The perceived benefits of artificial hydration by the caregivers were central to the ethical, emotional, and cultural considerations involved in their decision making. Discussions with caregivers should attempt to (a) discover the patient's wishes and attitudes concerning the procedure; (b) provide as accurate information as is available about advantages and disadvantages; and (c) recognize and explore caregivers’ concerns that may or may not have been expressed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Hula, Vladimír, Jana Niedobová, and Hana Šefrová. "Remarkable Spiders of Artificial Sandy Grassland Near Town Hodonín (Czech Republic)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 1 (2014): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462010099.

Full text

Abstract:

Air blown sands areas and its habitats are very rare in Europe as well as many spider species, which occure there. Research was focused on spiders of sandy grassland and its ecotones near the town of Hodonín. Three lines of pitfall traps were used (one in grassland and two in its ecotones). Research took place in growing seasons of the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. Total number of collected adult spider specimens was 11743, they belong to 160 species and 21 families. It was found out, that 15 following species are included in the Red List of threatened species in the Czech Republic: Critically Endangered – Haplodrassus bohemicus Miller & Buchar, 1977, Sitticus zimmermanni (Simon, 1877), Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 1993, Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806; Endangered – Euryopis laeta (Westring, 1861), Haplodrassus minor (O. P.-Cambridge, 1879), Micaria dives (Lucas, 1846); Vulnerable – Agroeca lusatica (L. Koch, 1875), Arctosa perita (Latreille, 1799), Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866), Myrmarachne formicaria (De Geer, 1778), Pellenes nigrociliatus (Simon, 1875), Scotina celans (Blackwall, 1841), Taranucnus setosus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1863), Titanoeca schineri L. Koch, 1872. Another 19 remarkable species were also found. The finding of one new species for the fauna of the Czech Republic [Sintula spiniger (Balogh, 1935)] and two new for the territory of Moravia [Mermessus trilobatus (Emerton, 1882) and Zelotes exiguus (Müller & Schenkel, 1895)] are the most important.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Floyd, Trevor A., Charles MacInnis, and Barry R. Taylor. "Effects of artificial woody structures on Atlantic salmon habitat and populations in a Nova Scotia stream." River Research and Applications 25, no. 3 (March 2009): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1154.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Pulsifer, M. D., and T. B. Herman. "Comparative arboreal behaviors of wild-caught and captive-born deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner, from Isle Haute and mainland Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-115.

Full text

Abstract:

Locomotor, climbing, and nesting behaviors of wild-caught and captive-born deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner) from mainland Nova Scotia and from an isolated predator- and competitor-free island were compared in a laboratory observation room. Locomotor activity did not differ consistently between populations, but wall-seeking was significantly greater in mainland mice. When exposed to an artificial tree, insular mice made more climbs than mainland mice, but mainland mice climbed for longer periods. Climbing behavior differed little between males and females in any group. In a choice experiment, mainland mice selected elevated nest sites significantly more often than ground-level nest sites, while insular mice exhibited no preference.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

David, Erwan J., Patrick Le Callet, Matthieu Perreira Da Silva, and Pierre Lebranchu. "How are ocular behaviours affected by central and peripheral vision loss? A study based on artificial scotomas and gaze-contingent paradigm." Electronic Imaging 2018, no. 14 (January 28, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2018.14.hvei-504.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Langille, Robert M., and Brian K. Hall. "Artificial fertilization, rearing, and timing of stages of embryonic development of the anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 2 (February 1, 1988): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-081.

Full text

Abstract:

For experimental analysis of agnathan (lampreys and hagfishes) development, the only choice at present is the lamprey, yet these animals present severe restrictions to their use. The average duration of the breeding period of mature anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, caught off the coast of Nova Scotia, is approximately 3 weeks, after which the animals die. At present no hormonal treatment or other method exists either to initiate precocious sexual development or to effectively increase the natural, limited fertilization period of this species. The present study demonstrates that by (i) anaesthetizing lampreys in a buffered medium and housing animals in darkness or reduced light to reduce stress, (ii) raising embryos from each fertilization at three different temperatures, 15, 18, and 21 °C, and (iii) staggering fertilizations, the period over which lamprey embryos are available can be maximized even with a limited supply of breeding stock. In addition, a detailed account of lamprey handling and housing are included for those considering using this animal for the first time.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Balch, Toby, Bruce G. Hatcher, and Robert E. Scheibling. "A major settlement event associated with minor meteorologic and oceanographic fluctuations." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 10 (December 1, 1999): 1657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-138.

Full text

Abstract:

Settlement of ophiuroids (Ophiopholis aculeata, Ophiura spp.) was measured using artificial collectors at 3-day intervals during their annual 2-week settlement period in July-August 1993 in St. Margaret's Bay, Nova Scotia. Hydrographic (temperature, salinity, current velocity, wave height and period) and meteorologic conditions (atmospheric pressure and wind velocity) were recorded concurrently at the site or at nearby locations. A major settlement pulse occurred over one 3-day period, with declining settlement over the following 6 days. This pulse was associated with a shift in current direction and preceded by rapid temperature and salinity fluctuations. Similar changes in temperature occurred at a second site (4.5 km away), indicating at least bay-scale forcing. This period was characterised by the passage of weak atmospheric pressure gradients and a low-energy sea state. These meteorologic and oceanographic fluctuations were within the normal range for this time of year, indicating that major settlement events can occur at scales of days in association with minor fluctuations in the physical environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Chang, Mahmud, Shin, Nguyen-Quang, Price, and Prithiviraj. "Comparison of Image Texture Based Supervised Learning Classifiers for Strawberry Powdery Mildew Detection." AgriEngineering 1, no. 3 (September 4, 2019): 434–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering1030032.

Full text

Abstract:

Strawberry is an important fruit crop in Canada but powdery mildew (PM) results in about 30–70% yield loss. Detection of PM through an image texture-based system is beneficial, as it identifies the symptoms at an earlier stage and reduces labour intensive manual monitoring of crop fields. This paper presents an image texture-based disease detection algorithm using supervised classifiers. Three sites were selected to collect the leaf image data in Great Village, Nova Scotia, Canada. Images were taken under an artificial cloud condition with a Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera as red-green-blue (RGB) raw data throughout 2017–2018 summer. Three supervised classifiers, including artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) were evaluated for disease detection. A total of 40 textural features were extracted using a colour co-occurrence matrix (CCM). The collected feature data were normalized, then used for training and internal, external and cross-validations of developed classifiers. Results of this study revealed that the highest overall classification accuracy was 93.81% using the ANN classifier and lowest overall accuracy was 78.80% using the kNN classifier. Results identified the ANN classifier disease detection having a lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 0.004 and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 0.003 values with 99.99% of accuracy during internal validation and 87.41%, 88.95% and 95.04% of accuracies during external validations with three different fields. Overall results demonstrated that an image texture-based ANN classifier was able to classify PM disease more accurately at early stages of disease development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Storoni, Mithu, and David H. Hubel. "On the Failure of Completion of Lines Passing through the Blind Regions Related to the Optic Disc, and to Scotomas of Migraine Auras." Perception 40, no. 4 (January 2011): 503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6771.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Lo, Hanna, Alireza Ghasemi, Claver Diallo, and John Newhook. "Comparative study on logical analysis of data (LAD), artificial neural networks (ANN), and proportional hazards model (PHM) for maintenance prognostics." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 25, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 2–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-07-2017-0051.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose Condition-based maintenance (CBM) has become a central maintenance approach because it performs more efficient diagnoses and prognoses based on equipment health condition compared to time-based methods. CBM models greatly inform maintenance decisions. This research examines three CBM fault prognostics models: logical analysis of data (LAD), artificial neural networks (ANNs) and proportional hazard models (PHM). A methodology, which involves data pre-processing, formulating the models and analyzing model outputs, is developed to apply and compare these models. The methodology is applied on NASA’s Turbofan Engine Degradation data set and the structural health monitoring (SHM) data set from a Nova Scotia Bridge. Results are evaluated using three metrics: error, half-life error and a cost score. This paper concludes that the LAD and feedforward ANN models compares favorably to the PHM model. However, the feedback ANN does not compare favorably, and its predictions show much larger variance than the predictions from the other three methods. Based on these conclusions, the purpose of this paper is to provide recommendations on the appropriate situations in which to apply these three prognostics models. Design/methodology/approach LAD, ANNs and PHM methods are adopted to perform prognostics and to calculate the mean residual life (MRL) of eqipment using NASA’s Turbofan Engine Degradation data set and the SHM data set from a Nova Scotia Bridge. Statistical testing was used to evaluate the statistical differences between the approaches based on these metrics. By considering the differences in these metrics between the models, it was possible to draw conclusions about how the models perform in specific cases. Findings Results were evaluated using three metrics: error, half-life error and a cost score. It was concluded that the LAD and feedforward ANN models compares favorably to the PHM model. However, the feedback ANN does not compare favorably and its predictions show much larger variance than the predictions from the other three methods. Overall the models predict failure after it has already occurred (negative error) when the residual life is large and vice versa. Practical implications It was concluded that a good CBM prognostics model for practical implications can be determined based on three main considerations: accuracy, run time and data type. When accuracy is a main concern, as in the case where impacts of failure are large, LAD and feedforward neural network are preferred. The preference changes when run time is considered. If data can be easily collected and updating the model is performed often, the ANNs and LAD are preferred. On the other hand, if CM data are not easily obtainable and existing data are not representative of the population’s behavior, data type comes into play. In this case, PHM is preferred. Originality/value Previous research in the literature performed reviews of multiple independent studies on CBM techniques performed on different data sets. They concluded that it is typically harder to implement artificial intelligence models, because of difficulties in data procurement, but these approaches offer improved performance as compared to more traditional model-based and statistical approaches. In this research, the authors further investigate and compare the performance and results from two major artificial intelligence models, namely, ANNs and LAD, and one pioneer statistical model, PHM over the same two real life prognostics data sets. Such in-depth comparison and review of major CBM techniques was missing in current literature of CBM field.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Bourque, Charles P. A., and Jeremy J. Gullison. "A technique to predict hourly potential solar radiation and temperature for a mostly unmonitored area in the Cape Breton Highlands." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s97-089.

Full text

Abstract:

A technique was developed to obtain predictions of potential solar radiation and temperature for a prescribed, mostly unmonitored, area in the Cape Breton Highlands region of northeastern Nova Scotia (46°39′N 60°57′W to 46°40′N 60°24′W). Hourly predictions of incoming solar radiation are based on relations of sun-earth geometry, clear-sky atmospheric transmittance, and land-surface attributes resolved from digital terrain and vegetation models. The digital vegetation model characterizes vegetation cover and is used to define the average midday albedoes for the area in question. Hourly albedoes are calculated according to assigned mid-day albedo and sun-illumination angles. Land-surface characteristics (elevation, slope, aspect, horizon angles, terrain configuration factor, and view factor) affect total incident solar radiation by affecting the direct, diffused, and reflected energy components. Hourly spatial variability in above-ground daytime temperature is captured by way of a fully trained artificial neural network (ANN) that describes hourly fluctuations of interior highland temperatures according to i) reference temperatures taken at two lowland locations, one at Ingonish Beach and the other at Grande Anse; ii) distance from a north-south line representing the east coast of the study area and from the Grande Anse location; iii) time of day; and iv) land-surface attributes. Training the ANN involves supplying the network with actual data and having the network adjust its internal weights iteratively so that the output values are sufficiently close to the supplied target values. Comparison of predicted and observed hourly spring-summer (1997) temperatures revealed that the constructed ANN explained over 88% of the variability exhibited in the observed temperatures and that the standard error of estimate was 2.0 °C (mean absolute error = 1.5 °C). Key words: Sun-earth geometry, radiation laws, variable surface albedo, clear-sky atmospheric transmissivity, digital terrain, vegetation models, artificial neural networks

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Phillips, Mason, and Sergey Fomel. "Plane-wave Sobel attribute for discontinuity enhancement in seismic images." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): WB63—WB69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0233.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Discontinuity enhancement attributes are commonly used to facilitate the interpretation process by enhancing edges in seismic images and providing a quantitative measure of the significance of discontinuous features. These attributes require careful preprocessing to maintain geologic features and suppress acquisition and processing artifacts, which may be artificially detected as a geologic edge. We have developed the plane-wave Sobel attribute, a modification of the classic Sobel filter, by orienting the filter along seismic structures using plane-wave destruction and plane-wave shaping. The plane-wave Sobel attribute can be applied directly to a seismic image to efficiently and effectively enhance discontinuous features or to a coherence image to create a sharper and more detailed image. Two field benchmark data examples with many faults and channel features from offshore New Zealand and offshore Nova Scotia demonstrate the effectiveness of this method compared with conventional coherence attributes. The results are reproducible using the Madagascar software package.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Gordon, R., D. M. Brown, and M. A. Dixon. "Evaluation of a cultivar-sensitive soil water model for the potato crop." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 76, no. 3 (August 1, 1996): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss96-034.

Full text

Abstract:

A modified version of the irrigation scheduling model SimISP (Simulating Irrigation Scheduling in Potatoes) was evaluated in terms of its ability to simulate the potato crop root zone soil water content through the growing season. The model uses daily radiation, temperature, humidity, windspeed, precipitation and seasonal crop and soil parameter inputs to estimate evaporation, transpiration, canopy expansion and dry matter accumulation. Recent cultivar-specific characteristics incorporated into the model allow for more precise simulations between cultivars.Simulations were conducted for rainfed, irrigated and artificial shelter-imposed stress conditions during four growing seasons on two soil types in Colchester County, Nova Scotia. Generally strong agreement between simulations and field measured (TDR) available soil water content in the top 15 cm of the soil profile was achieved with an average error within ± 4.7 mm and a relative error within ± 0.26. Larger errors were obtained for the 15- to 30-cm soil layer with average errors within ± 7.3 mm and the relative error within ± 0.52. Differences between model simulations and field measurements indicate the need for an improved root growth sub-model that is soil water sensitive and more precise estimates of soil water recharge after rain. Key words:Solanum tuberosum L., SimISP, simulation model

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Zhao, Zhengyong, Qi Yang, Xiaogang Ding, and Zisheng Xing. "Model Prediction of the Soil Moisture Regime and Soil Nutrient Regime Based on DEM-Derived Topo-Hydrologic Variables for Mapping Ecosites." Land 10, no. 5 (April 23, 2021): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10050449.

Full text

Abstract:

Ecosites are required for stand-level forest management and can be determined within a two-dimensional edatopic grid with soil nutrient regimes (SNRs) and soil moisture regimes (SMRs) as coordinates. A new modeling method is introduced in this study to map high-resolution SNR and SMR and then to design ecosites in Nova Scotia, Canada. Using coarse-resolution soil maps and nine topo-hydrologic variables derived from high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) data as model inputs, 511 artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed by a 10-fold cross-validation with 1507 field samples to estimate 10 m resolution SNR and SMR maps. The results showed that the optimal models for mapping SNR and SMR engaged eight and seven topo-hydrologic variables, together with three coarse-resolution soil maps, as model inputs, respectively; 82% of model-estimated SNRs were identical to field assessments, while this value was 61% for SMRs, and the produced ecosite maps had 67–68% correctness. According to the error matrix, the predicted SNR and SMR maps greatly alleviated poor prediction in the areas of extreme nutrient or moisture conditions (e.g., very poor or very rich, wet, or very dry). Thus, the new method for modeling high-resolution SNR and SMR could be used to produce ecosite maps in sites where accessibility is hard.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!