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1

Estiwati, Uliya, and Didik Nugraha. "Upaya Pemerataan Inseminasi Buatan pada Ternak Sapi di Kelurahan Laweyan Kota Surakarta." Nuras : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 3, no. 3 (July 6, 2023): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/nuras.v3i3.202.

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The purpose of this community service activity is to equalize artificial insemination in cattle in Laweyan Village, Surakarta City. While the results obtained from this activity are if the government does free artificial insemination in Laweyan Village, it will further improve the economy of cattle breeders in Laweyan Village and increase the population of cross-breeding cattle in Laweyan Village. The artificial insemination program was carried out in Laweyan Sub-District, with 20 cattle breeders and 60 cows. In this activity, the implementation team carried out several activities to carry out the artificial insemination program. The number of female cows in all breeders is 60 cows, out of 60 cows we give the first hormone injection simultaneously within 1 day, after that we wait for the cows to go into heat for 11-12 days if there is no heat for 11-12 days we do the second injection, after that we wait for the cows to go into heat for 2-3 days, when the cows go into heat we wait for the right time to be artificially inseminated, then the heat for adult cows is 17 days .8 hours with a range of 2.4-28 hours while for heifers it is 15.3 hours, all activities take place according to directions from the local inseminator and veterinarian. If the farmer's cow starts to go into heat, we and the inseminator and the veterinarian perform artificial insemination, the success of artificial insemination can be determined by observing the cow's estrus cycle 21 days after the artificial insemination is carried out and the cow does not experience the first estrus, and also does not experience the second estrous cycle, then the cow is declared pregnant at 42 days. The number of 60 cows that received artificial insemination injections, the percentage of successful artificial insemination injections of all cows was 65%, it can be said that the artificial insemination injections that were carried out were successful.
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2

Fennessy, P. F., C. G. Mackintosh, and G. H. Shackell. "Artificial insemination of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus)." Animal Science 51, no. 3 (December 1990): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100012654.

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ABSTRACTSix experiments involving the artificial insemination (AI) of a total of 300 female red deer (hinds) with frozen-thawed red deer semen (collected by electro-ejaculation) were conducted over 3 years. Insemination took place at fixed times following various oestrous synchronization procedures using progesterone withdrawal and treatment with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG). In the 1st year, the experiments evaluated basic AI techniques in which pregnancy rates were 45% in 20 hinds receiving two inseminations per vaginam (PV) and 56% in 27 hinds inseminated by the laparoscopic intrauterine method (IU). In the 2nd year, the experiments involved comparisons of the progesterone regime, one or two PV inseminations, and the timing of a single PV insemination. There was no effect of replacement of the progesterone device after 9 days and withdrawal 3 days later compared with the use of one device for the whole period in two experiments. The pregnancy rate for a double PV insemination was significantly higher than for a single PV insemination (58 and 34%; P < 0·05) and there was also a small effect of timing of insemination relative to the synchronization treatment. In the 3rd year all hinds were inseminated by the IU method. The experiments involved a comparison of various times of AI following progesterone withdrawal and a comparison of the progesterone regime. The overall pregnancy rate for 63 hinds inseminated was 56% with no difference between three times of insemination (48, 52 and 55 h). In the second experiment, the difference in pregnancy rate between treatment with progesterone for 15 days and 12 days (44 and 72% for 18 hinds per group) was not significant, but the interaction between the length of progesterone treatment and insemination time was significant (P < 0·05), with the 12-day progesterone/55 h insemination giving a much higher pregnancy rate than the 15-day/55 h insemination (89 and 20% respectively). Although no experiments involved direct comparisons of the routes of insemination, overall pregnancy rates were 56% for IU, 53% for double PV and 35% for single PV inseminations.
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3

Senatore, E. M., S. Verberckmoes, M. Pascale, and G. A. Presicce. "21DEEP UTERO-TUBAL SEMEN DEPOSITION IN MEDITERRANEAN ITALIAN BUFFALOES USING A NEW ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION DEVICE." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 2 (2004): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv16n1ab21.

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The use of AI in the buffalo species is still marginal due to traditional lower conception rates when compared to cattle. However recently a number of studies in this field have revealed a promising increase in the efficiency of synchronization protocols for AI linked to more acceptable pregnancy rates. The possibility of using lower spermatozoa concentration of high quality buffalo bulls for AI without reduction in pregnancy outcome can be an additional offset, especially if such spermatozoa can be sexed and used for better reproductive management in buffalo farms. Within this conceptual framework, a new artificial insemination device for semen deposition near the utero-tubal junction (UTJ) in cattle (Ghent device), developed at the University of Ghent (Belgium), has been used in this study. The Ghent device is made of disposable materials and consists of 2 hollow plastic tubes, wherein a catheter filled with semen is introduced. The outer tube is completely rigid, while the inner tube consists of a rigid caudal end and a flexible cranial tip. The outer plastic tube can move independently from the inner tube. Once the insemination device is introduced into the uterine body, the inner tube with its flexible tip is moved forward. The flexible tip makes it possible to follow the curvature of the contractile uterus of the estrous cow, but excludes the use of Cassou straws. The semen is then expelled from the catheter by means of 0.1mL of air followed by 0.6mL of physiological saline solution. To assess the efficacy of the new Ghent device, 67 buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis) were inseminated during a field trial. Two different insemination methods were used: (1) insemination with the conventional insemination device in the uterine body, and (2) insemination with the Ghent device near the utero-tubal junction ipsi-lateral to the site of ovulation. Artificial insemination was performed twice at 72 and 96hrs after administration of prostaglandins to buffaloes bearing a functional corpus luteum as recorded during ultrasound monitoring. Conventional inseminations were performed with full (16–20×106) and half (8–10×106) insemination doses of frozen-thawed semen, while UTJ-inseminations were performed with full, half and quarter (4–5×106) insemination doses. When inseminations were performed with the conventional insemination device, halving the insemination dose resulted in a non-significant decrease of conception rates from 53% (8/15) to 42% (8/19). However, no difference in conception rates was observed when UTJ-inseminations were performed with a full, half or quarter standard insemination dose: 50% (6/12), 45% (5/11) and 50% (5/10), respectively. Despite the limited number of inseminations performed, this preliminary field trial demonstrates that the Ghent device is suitable for the insemination of buffaloes under field conditions, and that UTJ inseminations can be performed with only one-fourth of the standard insemination dose without a reduction in conception rates.
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4

James, David N. "Artificial Insemination." Philosophy and Theology 2, no. 4 (1988): 305–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtheol19882410.

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5

Guttmacher, Alan F. "ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 97, no. 3 (December 15, 2006): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1962.tb34673.x.

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6

IIZUKA, RIHACHI. "Artificial Insemination." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 626, no. 1 Frontiers in (June 1991): 399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb37932.x.

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7

A., SUDRAJAT, R. J. ASRAF, S. UTOMO, and R. F. CHRISTI. "THE EFFECT OF INFLUENCE OF EXPERIENCE AND AGE OF THE ARTIFICIAL INSEMI- NATION OFFICER ON THE SUCCESS OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN DAIRY COWS." Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan 26, no. 2 (February 4, 2024): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mip.2023.v26.i02.p04.

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Research on the effect of influence of experience and age of the artificial insemination officer on the success of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows has been conducted. This study aims to determine and examine the ef- fect of influence of experience and age of the artificial insemination officer on the success of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows. The research was conducted in December 2022–January 2023 in Lembang District, Bandung Barat. The method used is the survey method. The material used was an artificial insemination officer at the Kope- rasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara (KPSBU) Lembang. The variables observed to determine AI success are service conception (S/C), conception rate (C/R). The data analysis used in this study is quantitative descriptive analysis and simple correlation analysis. The results showed that the AI officer experience was an average of 19 years and an average age of 39 years. Average S/C value is 1.84 , Average C/R value is 64.50%. The results of a simple correlation analysis showed that the experience and age of the inseminator had no real effect (P>0.05) on the success of AI in dairy cows. It was concluded that the success rate of AI in dairy cattle based on S/C and CR in Lembang District was good, but the experience and age of the artificial insemination officer did not have a significant effect on the success of artificial insemination in dairy cows.
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8

Waddy, S. L., and D. E. Aiken. "Fertilization and Egg Retention in Artificially Inseminated Female American Lobsters, Homarus americanus." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 12 (December 1, 1985): 1954–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-242.

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Female American lobsters, Homarus americanus, seldom are receptive to mating more than 24 h after they molt, a fact that complicates breeding programs in large facilities where animals are held individually. Artificial insemination can eliminate this problem, but preliminary studies have indicated poor fertilization success from intermolt inseminations. In the present study, 86 female American lobsters of wild and cultured stock were artificially inseminated in all postmolt and intermolt stages, 64 subsequently spawned, and 98% successfully fertilized their eggs, indicating no constraint of molt stage on success of insemination. Of artificially inseminated females, 50% of wild stock and 7% of cultured stock carried their eggs to hatch.
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9

Cox, John. "Equine Artificial Insemination." Veterinary Journal 164, no. 2 (September 2002): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/tvjl.2001.0644.

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10

Yates, Daniel J., and Michael D. Whitacre. "Equine Artificial Insemination." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 4, no. 2 (August 1988): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30642-9.

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11

Thangavelu, G., M. Gobikrushanth, M. G. Colazo, and D. J. Ambrose. "Pregnancy per artificial insemination and pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cows of a single herd following timed artificial insemination or insemination at detected estrus." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 95, no. 3 (September 2015): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas-2014-122.

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Thangavelu, G., Gobikrushanth, M., Colazo, M. G. and Ambrose, D. J. 2015. Pregnancy per artificial insemination and pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cows of a single herd following timed artificial insemination or insemination at detected estrus. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 383–388. The objective of this retrospective study was to determine the factors affecting pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) and pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cattle. Breeding records (n=1466) for 5 consecutive years were evaluated from one dairy herd. The effects of type of breeding [timed artificial insemination (TAI; n=1246) vs. insemination at detected estrus (IDE; n=220)], parity (primiparous vs. multiparous), body condition score (BCS; low ≤2.5 vs. high >2.5), year, season (summer vs. other seasons) and fertility group (high fertile <3 vs. low fertile ≥3 inseminations), on P/AI and pregnancy loss (i.e., late embryonic/early fetal loss, abortion and stillbirth) were determined using the GLIMMIX procedures of SAS software. Pregnancy per AI was influenced by type of breeding and season. Pregnancy per AI was lower (P<0.05) in cows that were TAI (28.7%) than IDE (37.1%) and during summer (30.3%) than other seasons of the year (35.5%). Pregnancy loss was higher (P<0.05) in low BCS (9.1%) than in high BCS (1.9%) cows. However, parity, year, and fertility group affected neither P/AI nor pregnancy loss.
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12

Asyraf, Rifki Jihadi, Ajat Sudrajat, Setyo Utomo, and Raden Febrianto Christi. "Pengaruh umur dan pengalaman inseminator terhadap keberhasilan inseminasi buatan pada sapi perah di wilayah kerja Koperasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara (KPSBU) Lembang." Agrivet : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian dan Peternakan (Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Veteriner) 11, no. 2 (December 25, 2023): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/agrivet.v11i2.7766.

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This study aimed to evaluate the success rate of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows at KPSBU Lembang District based on experience and different ages of inseminators. The research was carried out on December 26, 2022 - January 31, 2023, in Lembang District. The research was conducted using a survey method and the variables measured were the success of artificial insemination including service per conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), Non-Return Rate (NRR), and Calving Interval (CI). Data analysis used in this study is a simple correlation analysis and quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the average age of the inseminator was 39 years old, the average inseminator work experience was 19 years. Meanwhile, the average of S/C value was 1.84 time, the CR value was 64.50%, the NRR value was 93%, and CI value with an average of 13 months. The correlation analysis showed that (X) experience and age have no significant effect (p>0,05) on the success of AI based on (Y) S/C and CR. It can be concluded that the success rate of artificial insemination of dairy cows based on S/C and CR in Lembang District was good, but the experience and age of inseminators had not affected the success of artificial insemination in Lembang District
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Novita, Cut Intan, Mohd Agus Nashri Abdullah, Eka Meutia Sari, and Zulfian Zulfian. "Evaluasi Program Inseminasi Buatan pada Sapi Lokal Betina di Kecamatan Juli, Kabupaten Bireuen, Provinsi Aceh." Jurnal Agripet 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v19i1.13005.

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan program inseminasi buatan pada sapi lokal betina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Juli, Kabupaten Bireuen, Provinsi Aceh, yaitu Desa Keude Dua, Bunyot, Blang Ketumba, Paya Cut dan Desa Batee Raya. Metode survei digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Responden yang digunakan adalah peternak sapi lokal dan inseminator. Responden ditetapkan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sebagai responden ditetapkan 40 peternak dan 4 inseminator. Peternak responden harus memenuhi kriteria memelihara minimal dua ekor sapi lokal yang telah beranak 2 (dua) kali dan sistem perkawinan dilakukan secara inseminasi buatan (IB). Inseminator telah memiliki Surat Izin melakukan Inseminasi Buatan (SIMI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program inseminasi buatan di Kecamatan Juli telah berjalan dengan baik, dimana rataan nilai conception rate (CR) sebesar 88,05%, service per conception (S/C) adalah 1,2, jarak beranak (calving interval) sebesar 12,36 bulan, dan calving rate sebesar 84,23%. (Evaluation of artificial insemination programs in local cows in Juli district, Bireuen, Aceh Province) ABSTRACT. This study aimed to determine the success of the artificial insemination program in local female cattle. This research was carried out in Juli District, Bireuen , Aceh Province, namely the villages of Keude Dua, Bunyot, Blang Ketumba, Paya Cut and Batee Raya villages. The survey method was used in this study. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling method. Respondents used were local cattle breeders and inseminators. The respondents involved ware 40 breeders and 4 inseminators. Breeders must maintaining minimal two female local cows that have given birth 2 (two) times with artificial insemination as mate system. The Inseminator involved is the one who has Artificial Insemination License. The results showed that the implementation of the artificial insemination program in the District of Juli has gone well, where the average value of the conception rate (CR) is 88.05%, service per conception (S/C) is 1.2, calving interval equal to 12.36 months and calving rate is 84.23%.
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Moawad, Adel R., Niki C. C. Whitley, and Noble C. Ralph. "43 Establishing Pregnancy Following Artificial Insemination (AI) of Angus Cows: Experience from Fort Valley State University (FVSU)." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.042.

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Abstract Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) provides a practical and feasible option for commercial and stud breeders to implement AI into their herds, as 100% of the herd can be inseminated at a predetermined time. FTAI can suit many herds, whether they are inseminating small numbers or the whole herd. We investigated the effects of sire and inseminator on pregnancy and birth outcomes following FTAI of Angus cows. Three Angus sires; namely GAR Quantum 7AN560, Square B True North 8052, and Tehama Tahoe B767, and two inseminators (1 and 2) were evaluated for differences in pregnancy outcomes and birth rates from 24 inseminations. Angus cows (N = 24) were synchronized with CIDR plus GnRH injection. After 7 days, CIDR was removed and each cow received 25 mg PGF2α. AI was conducted within 72 h from PGF2α injection. Cows were randomly assigned for AI between inseminators (12 cows inseminated by inseminator 1 and 12 cows by inseminator 2) and sires (6, 8, and 10 cows were inseminated by GAR Quantum, Tehama Taho, and True North semen, respectively. Pregnancy was diagnosed at 4-5 months after AI by transrectal ultrasonography. Percentage of re-cycling cows 21 days after AI was 45.8% (11/24). Pregnancy rate was 54.2% (13/24). Pregnancy rate was higher (P&lt;0.05) for cows inseminated by inseminator 1 than by inseminator 2 (69.2% vs. 30.8%). The average age of pregnancy was 5.6 ± 0.2 months. Among sires, 46.2% (6/13) of the pregnant cows were inseminated by True North, 38.5% (5/13) by Tehama Tahoe, and 15.4% (2/13) by GAR Quantum. The pregnant cows gave birth to healthy calves at 280.8 ± 2.1 days after AI. In conclusion, both inseminator and sire affected the pregnancy rates and birth outcomes after AI in beef cattle. This study was conducted to support the establishment of a purebred Black Angus beef herd at FVSU with the application of AI.
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England, Gary C. W., Marco Russo, and Sarah L. Freeman. "Artificial insemination in dogs and cats 2. Artificial insemination in dogs." In Practice 36, no. 4 (April 2014): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inp.g1928.

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Cushman, Robert A., Chadwick C. Chase, Jerica J. J. Rich, Emmalee J. Northrop, R. Mark Thallman, Warren M. Snelling, Larry A. Kuehn, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, and George A. Perry. "217 Influence of daily temperature fluctuations on estrus activity determined by an electronic estrus detection system and conception to artificial insemination in cross-bred beef heifers." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.223.

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Abstract Behavioral estrus occurs in response to estradiol, and the intensity of activity registered in some electronic estrus monitoring systems is greater in dairy cows that conceive to artificial insemination compared to cows that do not conceive. Ambient temperature may influence estrus activity and follicular development. Therefore, we hypothesized that differences in temperature would associate with peak activity and conception to artificial insemination in cross-bred beef heifers. Heifers (n = 346) in south central Nebraska were observed twice daily for 21 d for behavioral estrus and artificially inseminated between June 4 and June 25, 2018. Onset of estrus and peak activity were extracted from the electronic system. Ambient temperature was merged with onset of estrus, and data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with pregnancy status to artificial insemination as a class effect. There was no difference in peak activity between heifers that conceived to artificial insemination and heifers that did not conceive to artificial insemination (P = 0.45). The ambient temperature at onset of estrus was greater for heifers that did not conceive to artificial insemination than for heifers that conceived to artificial insemination (P < 0.05). Time of onset significantly influenced peak activity (P < 0.01), with the greatest peak activity occurring in the early morning hours and in the early evening hours. Daily temperatures increased until 1600 h and decreased thereafter (P < 0.01). Differences in peak activity do not associate with conception to artificial insemination in beef heifers as in dairy cows, but temperature at onset of estrus influenced conception to artificial insemination. Based on increased peak activity in the evening when temperatures were still greater than the early morning hours, the perceived trajectory of temperature may influence behavioral estrus more than the actual temperature. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
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Tanwar, Sonia, Khushi Mishra, Bhumika Soni, and Akshat Sharma4. "Artificial Insemination: A Review." International Journal of Recent Research and Review XVI, no. 4 (December 10, 2023): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.62233/ijrrr6.

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After the issue of practical Human insemination and its application to humans was resolved, remarks and worries surfaced that didn't seem appropriate given the significance or frequency of the process. Endoscopic artificial insemination is a sophisticated reproductive method that was first used on small ruminants, in which semen is injected into the uterus using a specialized device. By using endoscopic artificial insemination techniques in place of natural mating methods and Trans cervical artificial insemination techniques for locally produced progeny, this research seeks to boost the mass population of Indonesian indigenous. The conditions of artificial insemination have completely changed as a result of the development of semen storage, particularly with regard to application flexibility and safety. Even if fresh semen is still used, it is now evident that semen preservation will play a significant role in artificial insemination going forward. Increasing the gamete density at the fertilization location is there asoning behind artificial insemination. Alot of procedures might cause a miss formed pregnancy, which could damage the physical entity of the pregnancy from the moment it formed—in the womb or in a test tube—until it was delivered, so one of a pregnancy's rights is tube preserved and protected until the baby is born, and that conception can happen even in the absence of natural spouse contact using techniques like artificial insemination which will accelerate the rate of genetic improvement. & to conceive a woman using a method other than sexual contact by Artificial Insemination.
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Ardhani, Fikri, Lukman Lukman Lukman, and Firda Juita. "Peran Faktor Peternak dan Inseminator terhadap Keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan pada Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Kota Bangun." Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jpltrop.v3i1.3701.

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Some of the factors that influence the success of artificial insemination are livestock, semen quality and human (breeders and inseminator). The research aim is to characterize on human factors including the characteristics, knowledge, and skills and its role affecting the success of artificial insemination in the Kota Bangun District. This research was conducted in Kota Bangun District, by interview method in the form of questionnaire to 54 breeders and 3 inseminators. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including; frequency distribution, percentage and Guttman measurements. This research shows that breeder characteristics; age, education and breeding experience, as well as characteristics of inseminator officers; age, education, training and AI experience are high and good in supporting knowledge and skills. The knowledge level of breeders and inseminators about reproduction and AI technology are high so it can affect the success of AI. Farmer’s skill; time of observation lust, the right time for AI and pregnancy detection are high, as wel as inseminator officer skills; recognize the signs of lust, the right time for AI and pregnancy detection are high, so it can affect the success of AI. The success of AI with S/C value of 1,44 and CR of 76% are good and ideal. Thus, the factor of breeder and inseminator officer is high with percentage of 78,4% in the success of artificial insemination in beef cattle in the Kota Bangun District.
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Miller, Joana, Ana Luísa Neves Alvarenga, Luis David Solis Murgas, Adriana Cristina da Silva, Ricardo Sales Araújo, and Daniele de Lima. "Sperm concentration on the intrauterine artificial insemination in swine." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 33, no. 6 (December 2009): 1671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542009000600030.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the intrauterine insemination (IUI) in swine, considering the conception rate, farrowing rate, litter size (alive born pigs). For the IUI, the females had been insemination at 24 and 48 hours after the estrus detection, and the inseminating doses of 500 million, 1 billion, 1.5 billion and 2 billion spermatozoa in 20 mL extender had been used. The procedure of catheter insertion through the cervical canal was successfully performed in 97.9% of the females. The conception rate was 6.3% in the IUI. The farrowing rate in IUI was 87.2% but the farrowing rate was 100% for the sperm concentration of 500 million. Regarding the number of born pigs and alive born pigs observed in females inseminated with IUI, no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). The concentration of 500 x 10(6) spermatozoa in 20 mL extender in the intrauterine insemination resulted in an optimal reproductive performance.
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Pytlík, Jan, Luděk Stádník, Jaromír Ducháček, and Radim Codl. "Comparative Study of Pregnancy Rate of Dairy Cows Inseminated with Fresh or Frozen-Thawed Semen." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 68, no. 3 (2020): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun202068030573.

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The aim of this study was to investigate conception rates (CR) achieved with artificial insemination of Holstein cows using fresh or frozen insemination doses (ID). The synchronization protocols (Double-Ovsynch, Ovsynch, ReSynch) and pedometers were used to secure proper timing of artificial inseminations (AI). Total of 3979 inseminations data were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the SAS 9.3 package. For the evaluation of a CR, the effects of ID type, season, year, sire breed, lactation number and oestrus detection type, were analysed. Cows inseminated with fresh ID performed higher CR (+4.86%; P < 0.05). Best pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) success was observed during the winter season (+11.82%; P < 0.01). Parity affected P/AI with primiparous having a greater P/AI than multiparous cows (P < 0.01). The least likelihood of pregnancy success matched up with ReSynch and the highest with Ovsynch protocol (+7.7%; P < 0.05). In conclusion, fresh ID manifested superior CR over frozen-thawed semen under common conditions of Czech dairy farming. Similar or better P/AI was achieved when an automated activity monitoring were used rather than timed AI based on Ovsynch protocol, indicating a possible reduction in hormonal treatment applications without affecting fertility of high producing dairy cows.
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Rauthan, Aishee, and Ankur Negi. "Artificial insemination in cattle." International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 05–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/veterinary.2022.v7.i1a.396.

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YOSHIOKA, MOTOI. "Artificial insemination of dolphins." Kagaku To Seibutsu 33, no. 12 (1995): 814–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.33.814.

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23

Newcombe, J. "Artificial insemination in horses." Veterinary Record 130, no. 6 (February 8, 1992): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.130.6.128-a.

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Olshansky, Ellen Frances, and Lucy Newmark Sammons. "Artificial Insemination: An Overview." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 14 (November 1985): S49—S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1985.tb02800.x.

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25

Morrell, J. M. "Artificial insemination in rabbits." British Veterinary Journal 151, no. 5 (September 1995): 477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1935(05)80022-3.

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Rodger, John C., Damien B. B. P. Paris, Natasha A. Czarny, Merrilee S. Harris, Frank C. Molinia, David A. Taggart, Camryn D. Allen, and Stephen D. Johnston. "Artificial insemination in marsupials." Theriogenology 71, no. 1 (January 2009): 176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.09.006.

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27

Watson, Elaine. "Artificial insemination in horses." In Practice 17, no. 2 (February 1995): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.17.2.54.

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Shepherd, Chris. "Artificial insemination in mares." In Practice 26, no. 3 (March 2004): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.26.3.140.

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Rodger, JA. "Artificial Insemination in Dogs." Australian Veterinary Journal 70, no. 12 (December 1993): 462–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb00863.x.

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30

Łukaszewicz, E. "Artificial insemination in geese." World's Poultry Science Journal 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043933910000632.

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Crabo, Bo G., and Gary D. Dial. "Artificial Insemination in Swine." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 8, no. 3 (November 1992): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30702-7.

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32

Whetstone, Linda. "artificial insemination for thoroughbreds?" Economic Affairs 11, no. 5 (September 1991): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0270.1991.tb00822.x.

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33

Daniel, N., and J. P. Renard. "Artificial Insemination in Rabbits." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2010, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): pdb.prot5358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot5358.

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34

Hargreave, T. B. "Artificial insemination by donor." BMJ 291, no. 6496 (September 7, 1985): 613–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.291.6496.613.

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35

Guinan, Mary E. "Artificial Insemination by Donor." JAMA 273, no. 11 (March 15, 1995): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520350072033.

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36

Fletcher, John C. "Artificial Insemination in Lesbians." Archives of Internal Medicine 145, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1985.00360030051008.

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Szöllősi, J., G. Ugocsai, and M. Sas. "Monitoring of artificial insemination." International Urology and Nephrology 20, no. 4 (July 1988): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02549573.

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38

Baruselli, Pietro, M. Sá Filho, A. Ambrósio, and R. Ferreira. "Estrategias para mejorar la fertilidad en bovinos: Inseminación artificial después del estro versus inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo." SPERMOVA 1, no. 6 (August 17, 2016): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18548/aspe/0003.06.

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39

Stevenson, Jeffrey S. "Reinsemination intervals after timed artificial insemination or estrus-detected inseminations." Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.3104.

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40

Setiawan, Duta. "Artificial Insemination of Beef Cattle UPSUS SIWAB Program Based on the Calculation of Non-Return Rate, Service Per Conception and Calving Rate In The North Kayong Regency." International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research 3, no. 1 (July 23, 2018): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v3i1.11339.

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This study aims to Determine the success rate of the Artificial Insemination in North Kayong Regency of West Kalimantan Province roomates has been done by IB officers. Artificial insemination is the process of introduction or delivery of cement into the genitals of female cows by means of made devices. North Kayong districts Regency is one of the which is administratively established Republic of Indonesia based on Law no. 6 of 2007 is an area that is developing cattle. The location that Became the focus of the evaluation of the success of Artificial Insemination is in three districts of Maya Island district, Sukadana and Seponti. Data used in this research is secondary Data Obtained from inseminator. The parameters used in this evaluation are the Non Return Rate (NRR), Service per Conception (S / C) and Calving Rate (CvR). The results Showed that the average of the three sub-districts in North Kayong district was for the highest 90% NRR in Sukadana district and the Lowest score of 67% in the Mayan Island district. S / C Obtained the highest number of 3.4 in Maya Island district and the Lowest S / C number district of Seponti 1.8. The highest score was 92% CvR in Sukadana district and the cancel CvR score was 64% in the Mayan Island district. The Conclusions Obtained based on the value of NRR, S / C, and CvR on artificial insemination evaluation with the best artificial insemination implementation are Sukadana district, followed by district of Seponti and last is Maya Island district.
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41

Mastuti, Rini, Reza Setiawan, and Kiagus M. Zain Basriwijaya. "Factors Supporting the Success of Artificial Insemination in Beef Cattle in East Langsa District Langsa City." JIA (Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis) : Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 8, no. 3 (August 17, 2023): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jia.v8i3.633.

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Cattle farming plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and meeting the protein requirements of humans. It is not only appealing due to its simplicity in care but also because it can make use of plant-based feed. Artificial insemination (AI) can be employed to boost the cattle population. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the success of AI in beef cattle within the East Langsa District of Langsa City. The sampling method utilized was purposive sampling, involving 42 respondents. Statistical analysis involved classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing to identify the factors impacting the success of AI in beef cattle. Data processing was conducted using the SPSS computer software. The results revealed that the AI tool variables (X2), including inseminator origin, inseminator service, AI success rate, and AI equipment, had a significant effect (significance value 0.010) on the success of artificial insemination (Y). Similarly, the inseminator variable (X4), involving inseminator ability without special education, AI special education, inseminator ability to detect cattle in heat, and the inseminator's capability to insert frozen semen into the uterus even when the animal is not in heat, demonstrated a significant impact. Conversely, examining the livestock condition variable (X1), such as no sick cows in the last year, cows in good health before AI, and yearly calving, did not exhibit a significant effect (significance value 0.816). Further research is urgently required, incorporating additional variables to strengthen the factors that can enhance artificial insemination and increase livestock production.
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Mahalubi, Rico I., A. K. Rintjap, J. A. Malingkas, and F. S. G. Oley. "RESPON PETERNAK SAPI POTONG TERHADAP PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI INSEMINASI BUATAN (IB) DI DESA TONDEGESAN DUA KECAMATAN KAWANGKOAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA." ZOOTEC 39, no. 1 (January 16, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.39.1.2019.22557.

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ABSTRACTCATTLE FARMERS’S RESPONSE ON APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI) TEGNOLOGY IN TONDEGESAN VILLAGE KAWANGKOAN DISTRICT, MINAHASA REGENCY. The government encourages the cattle farming industry through science and technology to increase the productivity of livestock businesses in order to be able to increase the livestock population. The objective of this study was to determine the farmer's response to the adoption of artificial insemination technology (IB) at the village of Tondegesan Dua, Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency and to evaluate their knowledge on artificial insemination motivation and technology adoption (IB) in Tondegesan two Village, Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency. Data sources were based on primary and secondary data. Data collection were conducted by observation and interview method. The farmer population were involving 42 farmers following artificial insemination and not following artificial insemination activities, but they were aware of artificial insemination technology. The number of samples taken were 30 farmers. Determination of the sample was purposively taken at the village of Tondegesan Dua. The measurement of the research indicator was carried out by applying a Likert scale. Test was done on the relationship between the variables of farmer response to artificial insemination. The results showed that the farmer's responses to artificial insemination were in a fairly good category based on the results of the study. It can be concluded that the farmer's response to the artificial insemination was quite good. Keywords: Farmer motivation, artificial Insemination technology, Tondegesan Dua village.
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Palacios, Carlos, José A. Abecia, Javier Plaza, Cristina Hidalgo, and Luis F. de la Fuente. "Efficiency of Artificial Insemination at Natural Estrus in Organic Churra Ewes." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9070370.

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Hormonal treatments used in the artificial insemination (AI) of sheep can cause several physiological problems that can affect negatively fertility and animal health; however, AI protocols based on the detection of natural estrus offer a more sustainable option and can achieve high fertility. In this study, an AI protocol at natural estrus in organic Churra sheep was performed. In the first phase (AI protocol development), 125 ewes were exocervically inseminated, and their fertility was assessed based on the following factors: number of AI, physiological state, body condition, estrus detection–AI interval, and vaginal fluids in cervix. That protocol was repeated for six consecutive years. In all individuals, fertilities based on the timing of insemination after estrus detection were very high. Lactating ewes produced better results than did dry ewes, which was probably because of the better feeding of the former. In addition, double insemination increased the fertility of ewes whose estrus was detected within 16 h of onset. Body condition and amount of vaginal fluid were correlated with fertility. Exocervical inseminations at natural estrus can produce acceptable fertility and prolificity in Churra ewes.
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44

Suprianto, Suprianto, and Dedi Djuliansah. "KAJIAN APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI INSEMINASI BUATAN DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA." MIMBAR AGRIBISNIS: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 1, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v1i3.41.

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The aims of this research are to know: level of productivity and income of cow farmers by artificial insemination, and natural farmer; in Tasikmalaya. Survey was the method used. There were 15 farmer as sampling unit of The Insemination Farmer and 17 the natural farmer. The result of the research can be concluded that: The produkductivity of artificial insemination farmer more than the productivity of natural farmer; both of the farmers were on equal fragnant productivity. It were one baby cow for one time of the fragnan. But the artificial insemination farmer have short interval. On 23 Th months the artificial insemination farmers have two times fragnant; the growth rate of the artificial insemination cow was faster then the growth rate of the natural cow. The baby cow by artificial insemination reach 105-110 kg on 4 Th months, but the natural were only 65-75 kg on 6-8 Th months. Net income of artificial insemination farmers were 5,65 percents on the total investments, while the natural farmer were 3,44 percent per month.
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45

Gáspárdy, András, Eszter Renkó, Bence Somoskői, András Bába, and Sándor Cseh. "Practical experience with artificial insemination (AI) using fresh chilled and frozen semen in mares." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 68, no. 1 (March 2020): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2020.00007.

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AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of artificial insemination (AI) carried out with frozen and fresh, diluted and chilled semen under field conditions. One hundred and twenty-nine mares of different breeds were included in the study. Eighty-one out of the 107 mares inseminated with fresh, chilled semen got pregnant. Seven pregnant mares aborted and 74 foals were born. Out of the 22 mares inseminated with frozen semen, 17 mares got pregnant. Two mares out of the 17 pregnant mares aborted and finally 15 healthy foals were born. No difference was found between the two groups in the ratio of the foals born (P > 0.05). The comparison of medians for the number of insemination cycles did not show significant differences. However, a significant difference (Kruskal–Wallis test, P = 0.014) was found in the number of the inseminations per conception in favour of frozen semen (2.5 vs. 1.8 with fresh chilled and frozen semen, respectively). The Cox regression revealed that the type of semen has a significant impact (P < 0.001) on the service period (duration of the insemination period): the use of frozen semen prolonged the insemination period. This could be due to management issues, since re-insemination with frozen semen took place after only one/a few missed oestrous cycles not used for AI.
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46

Garcia, M., W. Huanca, and L. Echevarria. "Reproductive performance of purebred and crossbred Zebu cattle under artificial insemination in the Amazon tropics." Animal Science 50, no. 1 (February 1990): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100004451.

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ABSTRACTBreeding data from 1543 artificial inseminations, performed on 763 purebred and crossbred zebu cattle reared on 73 small farms, in the Amazon basin of Peru from 1980 to 1986, were evaluated. Inseminations were performed during morning hours using Holstein or Brown Swiss frozen semen. The calving to first oestrus and calving to conception intervals, number of services per conception, intervals between services and conception rate were evaluated. A total of 64-4% of first services and 61-4% of conceptions occurred between the middle of the dry season and the middle of the rainy season. Farm effect proved to be the most important source of variation for all reproductive traits. Other important factors influencing the interval from parturition to first service were breed of cow, parity and season of service. Parity influenced the interval from parturition to conception while parity, time of oestrous detection and inseminator influenced conception rate. The long post-partum anoestrous interval was found to be the most important factor limiting reproductive efficiency on small farms involved in the artificial insemination programme. The reproductive performance of the crossbred cattle tended to be better than that of the purebred zebu cattle.
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47

Khaled Taïbi, Mohamed Achir,, Leila Ait Abderrahim, Mohamed Boussaid, Kada Souana, Abdelkader Tadj, Toufik Benaissa, and Tayeb Gouchich. "Dissecting the relationship between artificial insemination success and bull semen quality in the arid region of Tiaret (Algeria)." Bionatura 7, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.01.18.

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Despite being subject to prior assortment, frozen bull sperms commercialized for artificial insemination may present certain morphological defects. The present study aims (i) to assess the artificial insemination success of the most common cattle breeds in Algeria and (ii) to evaluate the possible effects of commercialized bull’s semen quality on this operation. Artificial insemination was assessed through four years of field monitoring by inseminating different cattle breeds of normal fertility. However, semen quality was evaluated using light microscopy by measuring viability, motility, and morphological abnormalities of spermatozoa. Field study revealed a high percentage of normal calving in red and white Holstein breed (44.83 %) against the high percentage of embryonic mortality (46.43 %) and calving with a malformation (10.71 %) in Montbéliarde breed. Semen quality assessment revealed that sperm viability and motility were higher in Holstein breeds than in Montbéliarde. Furthermore, significant differences between semen bulls were found in the proportion of abnormal spermatozoa; a higher rate of sperms with the abnormal head was observed in the black and white Holstein breed (69.3±10.98 %). However, the percentage of abnormal sperms with tail defects was higher in the Montbéliarde breed (67.5±10.74 %). The lousy quality of the selected semen and/or the poor handling and storage of frozen semen constitute a determinant factor that hinders the success of artificial insemination in the arid region of Tiaret (Algeria).
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48

Critser, John K., and Jeanne V. Linden. "Therapeutic insemination by donor I: A review of its efficacy." Reproductive Medicine Review 4, no. 1 (March 1995): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962279900001022.

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Of all the assisted reproductive technologies in current use, artificial insemination has by far the longest history. While the earliest verifiable reports using this technique date to the eighteenth century for nonhuman artificial insemination and to the nineteenth century for human artificial insemination, systematic use of this approach to assist reproduction did not occur until the early part of this century. During the early 1900s, in Russia, Ivanov developed methods for semen collection from and insemination of horses. These techniques were later modified to apply to other agriculturally important species so that by the 1930s, millions of horses, cattle and sheep were being bred using artificial insemination. The adaptation of widespread use of artificial insemination (primarily in cattle) in agriculture extended to Britain in the early 1940s and to the USA in the 1950s. Corresponding implementation of artificial insemination in human reproductive medicine closely followed these innovations in the animal husbandry field.
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Putri, Cristy Dwi, Ismudiono, and Emmanuel Djoko Poetranto. "The Effect of the Different Artificial Insemination Time Periods on the Pregnancy Rate of Sapudi Ewes." World's Veterinary Journal 11, no. 3 (September 25, 2021): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54203/scil.2021.wvj60.

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Brucellosis Artificial insemination is required to increase the reproduction rate in ruminant breeding. The artificial insemination success rate in sheep only reaches 47.6%, whereas the proposed ideal rate is 70%. One of the factors influencing the artificial insemination success rates in sheep is improper estrus detection, resulting in no fertilization. The present study aimed to determine the effect of different artificial insemination time periods on the pregnancy rates of Sapudi ewes. The research design was based on a completely randomized design. A total of 20 female Sapudi sheep were divided into four treatment groups with five repetitions (for each group). In addition, the observed variables were artificial insemination time in Sapudi ewes. Estrus synchronization in ewes was conducted by injecting PGF2α. The results of the research indicated that ewes subjected to artificial insemination 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after estrus had a pregnancy rate of 20%, 100%, 60%, and, 60%, respectively. It can be concluded that the time differences in artificial insemination significantly influence the pregnancy rate in Sapudi ewes’.
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50

Yousuf, Mohammed. "Challenges and Opportunities of Artificial Insemination on Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia." Research Horizon 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54518/rh.1.2.2021.47-54.

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Artificial insemination is very important for genetic improvement, especially in dairy cattle breeds. It has problems in meeting the needs of some producers, not its opportunities. The objective of this study was the challenge and opportunity of artificial insemination on dairy cattle in the case of Sayo district, west Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. The problem of not using Artificial insemination is not limited to the region, and there are also dairy farmers in our district who have not practiced the service due to various challenges. In addition, most of the Artificial insemination services reported by the dairy industry have failed, rather than bull services. However, although there are few attempts to quantify opportunities, constraints, and why producers do not use artificial insemination services in other regions, researchers have not disclosed well-documented data on the challenges and opportunities of artificial insemination services in the Sayo region. The Result is Artificial insemination has played an important role in increasing milk production in the study area because the crossbreed that got good traits from exotic breeds gave high milk than local breed.
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