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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Artificial hip joints – Design'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Li, Junyan. "Computational biomechanics/biotribological modelling of natural and artificial hip joints." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5500/.

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The excellent hip function and potential degeneration are closely linked with the unique structure of the joint cartilage that is principally composed of a solid phase and a fluid phase. Once damaged, the joint may need to be replaced by prosthesis in order to restore function in hip kinematics and kinetics. However, to what extent this can be achieved has yet to be quantified. On the other hand, the role of fluid pressurisation which plays in hip function has been poorly understood. The aim of this thesis was to address these issues. To evaluate the gait abnormality, particularly in terms of hip contact forces, a musculoskeletal model of lower extremity was constructed in a rigid-body dynamics frame, and the hip kinematics and kinetics were determined and cross-compared for a group of asymptomatic total hip replacement (THR) patients, THR patients with symptoms of symptomatic leg length inequality (LLI) and normal healthy people. Significant abnormal patterns in gait kinetics were observed for the asymptomatic THR patients, and this abnormality was greater for the LLI patients. To understand contact mechanics and the associated fluid pressurisation within the hip cartilage, a three dimensional finite element (FE) hip model with biphasic cartilage layers were developed. The protocol was compared to other solvers. A set of sensitivity studies were undertaken to evaluate the influence of model parameters, and then the model was evaluated under a range of loads with different activities. In all the cases, the fluid supported over 90% of the load for a prolonged period, potentially providing excellent hip function and lubrication. The musculoskeletal model and FE joint were combined to investigate the performance of the non-operated joint of the THR / LLI patients during gait which was found to function in a mechanically abnormal but not adverse environment. Lastly, the methodology of the biphasic hip modelling was validated using an experimental porcine hip of hemiarthroplasty. Good agreement was achieved between the FE predictions and the experimental measurement of the contact area.

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2

Kohm, Andrew Christopher. "New techniques for characterization of surface and volumetric wear in total hip athroplasty." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070378403.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 173 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-173). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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3

Dyrkacz, Richard Michael Ryan. "Corrosion at the head-neck taper interface of artificial hip joints." Journal of Arthroplasty, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30545.

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The aim of this thesis was to determine if the size of the femoral head can influ-ence corrosion at the head-neck taper interface of total hip arthroplasty (THA) prosthe-ses. A hypothesis was developed that large head sizes could result in a greater toggling torque at the head-neck taper interface by increasing the distance between the centre of the femoral head to the centre of the neck taper. This could result in increased micromotion and deteriorate the passive oxide film along the head-neck taper interface; thus, making the taper interface vulnerable to corrosion. A retrieval analysis of 74 THA prostheses studied the corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface. This study revealed that prostheses featuring 36 mm femoral heads had significantly greater head taper corrosion than prostheses with a 28 mm head. Finite element analysis was performed afterwards to identify if the use of large femoral heads can increase the micromotion at the head-neck taper interface due to a greater toggling torque. This experiment demonstrated that with a larger head size the micromotion at the head-neck taper interface increases. An in vitro corrosion fatigue study was performed afterwards following ASTM F1875-98. When applying an off-axis fatigue load, prostheses featuring a 36 mm femoral head displayed significantly more corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface than those with a 28 mm femoral head. Axial fatigue loading was also applied; negligible corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface was discovered in comparison to the prostheses that received an out of axis load. This verifies that the use of large femoral heads can result in increased head-neck taper corrosion due to a greater toggling torque.

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4

Ramjee, Shatish. "Numerical analysis of lubrication in an artificial hip joint." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09152008-133304/.

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5

Wu, Jun Jie. "The integrity of moulded ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene for joint replacement prostheses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325574.

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6

Ganguli, Arunima. "The interaction of bisphosphonates in solution and as coatings on hydroxyapatite with osteoblasts and macrophages." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248739.

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7

Walter, William Lindsay School of Biomechanics UNSW. "Severe biomechanical conditions in total hip replacement." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biomechanics, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25968.

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Hip simulators are designed to reproduce the forces and motion patterns of normal walking. In vivo demands on total hip replacements, however, are varied and often more severe than normal walking conditions. It is these severe conditions that often lead to implant failure. This is clinically based research aimed at understanding some of the more severe conditions in hips and the effect that these have on the performance of the total hip replacement. The polyethylene liner can act as a pump in an acetabular component, forcing fluid and wear particles through the holes to the retroacetabular bone causing osteolysis. Ten patients were studied at revision surgery. Pressures were measured in retroacetabular osteolytic lesions while performing pumping manouvers with the hip. Two laboratory experiments were then designed to study pumping mechanisms in vitro. In patients with contained osteolytic lesions, fluid pressure fluctuations could be measured in the lesion in association with the pumping action. Patients with uncontained osteolytic lesions showed no such pressure fluctuations. In the laboratory we identified 3 distinct mechanisms whereby fluid can be pumped from the hip joint to the retroacetabular bone. These pumping effects could be mitigated by improved implant design. Loading of the femoral head against the edge of the acetabular component produces dramatically increased contact pressures particularly in hard-on-hard bearings. In an analysis of 16 retrieved ceramic-on-ceramic bearings we were able to characterise the mechanism of edge loading based on the pattern of edge loading wear on the bearing surface. Finally in a radiographic study of patients with squeaking ceramic-on-ceramic hips. Squeaking was found to be associated with acetabular component malposition. It seems that edge loading or impingement may be an associated factor in these cases.

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8

Opperman, Tertius. "Tribological evaluation of joint fluid and the development of a synthetic lubricant for use in hip joint simulators." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07282005-083909.

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9

Schumacher, Brian. "An analysis of the femoral head/stem taper lock for orthopaedic prostheses." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18927.

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10

Bastidos, Amanda Marie. "Failure analysis and materials characterization of hip implants." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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11

Hustosky, Keith T. "Experimental characterization of the mechanical consequences of a debonded total hip stem with an unsupported distal tip." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2510.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 95 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-92).

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12

Önsten, Ingemar. "Fixation of total hip components in rheumatoid arthritis and srthrosis a radiographic, roentgen stereophotogrammetric, densitometric and histomorphometric study /." Lund : Dept. of Orthopaedics, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=mGVsAAAAMAAJ.

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13

Nawana, Namal Sasrika. "The design of a sealed artificial hip replacement /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MSM/09msmn328.pdf.

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14

Ren, Ying [Verfasser]. "Diamond-like carbon coatings deposited by vacuum arc in artificial hip joints / Ying Ren." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045118397/34.

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15

Groome, Isabelle Marie-Clement. "Finite element analysis of stress in prosthesis implanted canine femur." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16990.

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16

Farrar, Richard. "Simulation and analysis of the wear of metal on metal articulations in artificial hip joints." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4397/.

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Metal on metal articulations used in hip joint replacement were demonstratedth rough the 1960's and 70's to perform adequately and comparably to metal on plastic articulations but their use then fell into decline as orthopaedic surgeons preferred metal on polyethylene articulations. However, one of the main causes of failure of prosthetic hip joints was then discovered to be aseptic loosening due to particle induced osteolysis, such particles arising from wear of the prosthetic components, and in particular from polyethylene bearing surfaces. Through the late 1980's and the 1990's the concept of metal on metal bearings has re-emerged as one potential solution to the clinical problems associated with polyethylene particle induced osteolysis. In this thesis both theoretical analysis and practical testing using a 12 station MMED hip joint simulator were employed to investigate how metal on metal articulations may be optimized so as to reducet he amount of wear debris generatedth rough their use. Hence, such articulations should function effectively within the environment of a human hip joint when they form part of a total hip replacement design. To this end the effect of diametral clearance, head size, and material composition were both tested and analyzed. Finally a modular clinical design of hip joint replacemenwt as tested to assess its performance. Wear was found to be strongly related to bearing clearance in practical tests as predicted by the theory. A lower limit of clearance existed due to deviations from perfect form which were unavoidable with current manufacturing technology. A band of clearance was defined for 22, 28, and 35mm diameter bearings within which reduced wear was exhibited. Steady state wear rates, following the initial bedding in period, were generally equal regardless of total wear volume. High carbon against high carbon content cobalt chromium articulations did not produce the lowest wear contrary to previous studies in the literature. The mean hardness of, and hardness difference between, bearing surfaces influenced the wear performance of metal on metal articulations. It was possible to design a clinical metal on metal bearing having modular femoral (head and stem) and acetabular (insert and shell) components with optimized metal on metal articulation. This metal on metal device has been introduced into clinical use throughout the world.

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17

Bruton, Allison Renee. "Manufacturing and performance of titanium dioxide-ultra high molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposite materials." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 175 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1251905071&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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18

Meng, Qingen. "Elastohyrodynamic lubrication in metal-on-metal artificial hip joints with aspherical bearing surfaces and complex structures." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535667.

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19

Park, Hyuen Me (Mia) Park. "Numerical and experimental analysis of stress behavior of plasma-sprayed Bioglass on titanium /." Full text open access at:, 1996. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,587.

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20

Thyagarajan, Ganesh. "Three-dimensional finite element modeling of total hip arthroplasty--creep under dynamic load." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1934.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 80 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-80).

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21

Kinney, Timothy. "A comparison of modeling techniques using the finite element method to determine local displacements in a human hip /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5987.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 14, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.

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22

Wang, Allan W. "Femoral bone remodelling following cemented hip arthroplasty in a sheep model /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw2462.pdf.

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23

Wiersdorf, Jason. "Preliminary design approach for prosthetic ankle joints using compliant mechanisms /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1138.pdf.

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24

Steele, Alexander Gabriel. "Biomimetic Design and Construction of a Bipedal Walking Robot." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4486.

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Human balance and locomotion control is highly complex and not well understood. To understand how the nervous system controls balance and locomotion works, we test how the body responds to controlled perturbations, the results are analyzed, and control models are developed. However, to recreate this system of control there is a need for a robot with human-like kinematics. Unfortunately, such a robotic testbed does not exist despite the numerous applications such a design would have in mobile robotics, healthcare, and prosthetics. This thesis presents a robotic testbed model of human lower legs. By using MRI and CT scans, I designed joints that require lower force for actuation, are more wear resistant, and are less prone to catastrophic failure than a traditional revolute (or pinned) joints. The result of using this process is the design, construction, and performance analysis of a biologically inspired knee joint for use in bipedal robotics. For the knee joint, the design copies the condylar surfaces of the distal end of the femur and utilizes the same crossed four-bar linkage design the human knee uses. The joint includes a changing center of rotation, a screw-home mechanism, and patella; these are characteristics of the knee that are desirable to copy for bipedal robotics. The design was calculated to have an average sliding to rolling ratio of 0.079, a maximum moment arm of 2.7 inches and a range of motion of 151 degrees. This should reduce joint wear and have kinematics similar to the human knee. I also designed and constructed novel, adjustably-damped hip and ankle joints that use braided pneumatic actuators. These joints provide a wide range of motion and exhibit the same change in stiffness that human joints exhibit as flexion increases, increasing stability, adaptability, and controllability. The theoretical behaviors of the joints make them desirable for use in mobile robotics and should provide a lightweight yet mechanically strong connection that is resistant to unexpected perturbations and catastrophic failure. The joints also bridge the gap between completely soft robotics and completely rigid robotics. These joints will give researchers the ability to test different control schemes and will help to determine how human balance is achieved. They will also lead to robots that are lighter and have lower power requirements while increasing the adaptability of the robot. When applying these design principles to joints used for prosthetics, we reduce the discomfort of the wearer and reduce the effort needed to move. Both of which are serious issues for individuals who need to wear a prosthetic device.

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25

Burger, Nicolaas Daniel Lombard. "Failure analysis of ultra-high molecular weight polyethyelene acetabular cups." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12142006-134036.

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26

Brumby, Scott Andrew. "The effect of surface roughness and a collar on fixation of cemented femoral stems in vivo /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb8934.pdf.

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27

Lam, Kwok-wai. "Design and development of a new prosthetic device for proximal interphalangeal joint replacement." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3889161X.

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28

Wang, Xiaoping, and 王曉平. "Generalized artificial finger joint design process employing reverse engineering techniques." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2953527X.

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29

Spirakis, Athanasios Apostolou. "A qualitative holographic study of hemipelvic and acetabular deformation caused by different hip prostheses." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25792.

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Aseptic loosening of the components is probably the most common long-term complication resulting in failure of Total Hip Arthroplasty. The mechanical behaviour of bone under load is one of the contributory causes of loosening encountered at the prosthesis/cement/bone interface. The present study dealt with a series of invitro experiments conducted on epoxy resin models of human hemi-pelves with different commercially available acetabular components implanted in them. These are used for the construction of simplified models of the artificial hip joint (three-dimensional) and of the prosthesis/cement/bone acetabular interface (two-dimensional). Loading conditions for the models included tensioning of the simulated abductor muscles for the hemi-pelvic and femoral loading for the prosthesis/cement/bone interface study. The experimental method employed was real-time holographic interferometry, a stress analysis technique recently used in the biomechanical field, which permitted whole-field simultaneously inspection of deformation patterns. The holographic interferograms were interpreted in a qualitative rather than a quantitative manner. The models do not exactly represent the in-vivo situation. Since this study identified high stresses both in the hip bone as well as in the interface (prosthesis/bone) it is suggested that these stresses are implicated in the mechanical pathogenesis of loosening. The observed changes in stress levels detected in our models could serve as a guide for future designs of acetabular prostheses as well as guide a in surgical techniques.

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30

Feldt, Christian E. "Stress shielding minimized in femoral hip implants a finite element model optimized by virtual compatibility." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4892.

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Bone mechanics and traditional implant materials produce a recurring problem for patients of total hip arthroplasty (THA): the bone is "shielded" from the loading it has become accustomed to over many years of development. Bone adheres to what is called "Wolff's Law", meaning it is an adaptive structure which adjusts its geometry based on the loads experienced over its life (Pearson; Goldstein). As the new femoral hip implant transmits reduced stresses to the remaining bone, bone tissue atrophies at the interface, permitting loosening of the implant, pain, and thereby obliging additional surgery to correct the issue (Meade). In the present work, a methodology is endeavored for creating an innovative design for femoral hip implants. The approach uncouples the finite element implant model from the bone model, in order to focus solely on expected behavior within the implant while considering the varying material behavior in unique directions and locations. The implant's internal geometry is optimized in order to better match typical, intact bone conditions. The eventual design reduces extreme changes in stresses within remnant bone such that the implant will remain implanted for greater periods of time without additional surgical attention.
ID: 030423147; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-91).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science

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31

Lam, Kwok-wai, and 林國偉. "Design and development of a new prosthetic device for proximal interphalangeal joint replacement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3889161X.

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32

Chen, Qing-Li. "Effect of surface topography on hip prosthesis anchorage." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997.

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33

Van, den Heever David Jacobus. "Development of patient-specific knee joint prostheses for unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17942.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The knee is the largest, most complicated and incongruent joint in the human body. It sustains very high forces and is susceptible to injury and disease. Osteoarthritis is a common disease prevalent among the elderly and causes softening or degradation of the cartilage and subcondral bone in the joint, which leads to a loss of function and pain. This problem can be alleviated through a surgical intervention commonly termed a “knee replacement”. The aim of a knee replacement procedure is to relieve pain and restore normal function. Ideally, the knee replacement prosthesis should have an articulating geometry similar to that of the patient’s healthy knee, and must allow for normal motion. Unfortunately, this is often problematic since knee prostheses are supplied in standard sizes from a variety of manufacturers and each one has a slightly different design. Furthermore, commercial prostheses are not always able to restore the complex geometry of an individual patient’s original articulating surfaces. This dissertation shows that there is a significant variation between knee geometries, regardless of gender and race. This research aims to resolve the problem in two parts: Firstly by presenting a method for preoperatively selecting the optimal knee prosthesis type and size for a specific patient, and secondly by presenting a design procedure for designing and manufacturing patient-specific unicompartmental knee replacements. The design procedure uses mathematical modelling and an artificial neural network to estimate the original and healthy articulating surfaces of a patient’s knee. The models are combined with medical images from the patient to create a knee prosthesis that is patient-specific. These patient-specific implants are then compared to conventional implants with respect to contact stresses and kinematics. The dissertation concludes that patient-specific implants can have characteristics that are comparable to or better than conventional prostheses. The unique design methodology presented in this dissertation introduces a significant advancement in knee replacement technology, with the potential to dramatically improve clinical outcomes of knee replacement surgery.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die knie is die grootste, mees komplekse en mees ongelyksoortige gewrig in die liggaam. Osteoarthritis is ’n siekte wat algemeen by bejaardes voorkom en die versagting of agteruitgang van die kraakbeen en subchondrale bene in die gewrig tot gevolg het, wat tot ’n verlies van funksionering en pyn lei. Hierdie probleem kan verlig word deur ’n chirurgiese ingryping wat algemeen as ’n “knievervanging” bekend staan. Die doel van ’n knievervangingsprosedure is om pyn te verlig en normale funksionering te herstel. Ideaal gesproke behoort die knievervangingsprostese ’n gewrigsgeometrie te hê wat soortgelyk aan die pasiënt se gesonde knie is, en normale beweging moontlik maak. Ongelukkig is dit dikwels problematies aangesien knieprosteses in standaardgroottes en deur ’n verskeidenheid vervaardigers verskaf word, wat elkeen se ontwerp effens anders maak. Verder kan kommersiële prosteses nie altyd die komplekse geometrie van ’n individuele pasiënt se oorspronklike gewrigsoppervlakke vervang nie. Hierdie proefskrif wys dat daar ’n betekenisvolle variasie tussen knieafmetings is, afgesien van geslag en ras. Hierdie navorsing is daarop gemik om die problem op tweërlei wyse te benader: Eerstens deur ’n metode aan te bied om die optimal knieprostesetipe en -grootte vir ’n spesifieke pasiënt voor die operasie uit te soek, en tweedens om ’n ontwerpprosedure aan te bied vir die ontwerp en vervaardiging van pasiëntspesifieke unikompartementele knievervangings. Die ontwerpprosedure gebruik wiskundige modellering en ’n kunsmatige neurale netwerk om die oorspronklike en gesonde gewrigsoppervlakke van ’n pasiënt se knie te bepaal. Die modelle word met mediese beelde van die pasiënt gekombineer om ’n knieprostese te skep wat pasiëntspesifiek is. Hierdie pasiëntspesifieke inplantings word dan met konvensionele inplantings vergelyk wat kontakstres en kinematika betref. Daar word tot die slotsom gekom dat die pasiëntspesifieke inplantings oor eienskappe kan beskik wat vergelykbaar is met of selfs beter is as dié van konvensionele prosteses. Die unieke ontwerpmetodologie wat in hierdie proefskrif aangebied word, stel beduidende vordering in knievervangingstegnologie bekend, met die potensiaal om die kliniese uitkomste van knievervangingsoperasies dramaties te verbeter.

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34

Shih, Tse-Shuen, and 石哲軒. "Planar Mechanism Design of Artificial Knee Joints." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42gxqf.

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博士
國立中山大學
機械與機電工程學系研究所
103
The hinge joint is movable joints in the human leg connecting the elbow, knee, ankle, finger and toe joints. Among hinge joints, Tibiofemoral (TF) joint has complex joint structure with six degrees of freedom. Thus, it is important to analyzed tibiofemoral joint throughly in order to understand other moving joint of human being. The exo-prosthesis of the knee depends only on the femoral polode. Conversely, the endo-prosthesis of the knee relies upon the TF condylar surface and the slip ratio variation, without needing to consider the femoral polode. However, femoral polode is difficult to understand if the contact joint surface and slip are described by moving polode of linkage mechanism. Conversely, the contact joint surface and slip cannot be described if the femoral polode is described by moving polode of linkage mechanism. Therefore, the endo-prosthesis design can be more suitable for human but it is difficult to achieve if the contact joint surface cannot be correspond with femoral polode. There are many difficulties to achieve these goals. Firstly, the joint structure includes femoral polode and femoral condylar radius, etc. Therefore, it is too complicated to describe the anterior/posterior cruciate ligament for mechanical analysis. Moreover, the different cycles of flexion-extension and body weight can be produced by gait cycle. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the planar kinematic and kinetic mechanism so that the joint surface can be correspond with femoral polode. The objective functions include the line shape of the joint surface, femoral polode and slip and factors, the length of bar, the anterior/posterior cruciate ligament and gait, etc. the main objective of this study is to assistance the people with some knee disease such as osteoarthritis or joint surface repair techniques. Finally, that tibiofemoral joint analysis is as a basic foundation, we also explored the correlation between the tibiofemoral joint and the finger joint. Firstly, the finger joint design method is similar to tibiofemoral joint. Moreover, to support people with osteoarthritis. In addition, the pain of osteoarthritis is sometime from stress abrasion of tibiofemoral joint. Therefore, the sensitivity analysis of factors such as Hertz contact stress is also discussed to understand the main influencing factors and the gait location of maximum Hertz contact stress.

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35

Nawana, Namal Sasrika. "The design of a sealed artificial hip replacement." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122471.

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Total hip replacement is a very successful orthopaedic procedure for patients with disabling joint diseases. However, it is common for these implants to last for only l0-15 years before revision surgery is required. The major long term complication in total hip arthroplasty is aseptic loosening which has largely been attributed to wear of prostheses. Vy'ear particles emanating from any of the interfaces of the replacement system are known to interact with the tissues surrounding replacements causing an adverse tissue response and eventual loosening of the implant. Of particular concern is the amount of wear debris produced at the articulation of the femoral head and acetabular component. The aim of this thesis is to produce a new design of artificial hip prosthesis that addresses the problem of wear particles and subsequent loosening. Prior to designing a new replacement system an extensive historical review of hip replacement was undertaken. In addition the mechanisms, determinants and biological implications of wear have been examined. The anatomy and biomechanics of the hip joint were considered and current materials and their biocompatability assessed for possible use in this design. All of these subjects were analysed critically prior to design and development of a new system. A sealed modular hip replacement system has been designed and developed in this thesis. The joint is sealed with a polymer sleeve that attaches near the periphery of the acetabular insert and a flange on the modular femoral head. These components combine to form a sealed bearing which would be delivered sterile from manufacture, ready for implantation at the time The Design of a Sealed Artificial Hip Replacement of surgery. A sealed joint ensures that wear particles cannot escape to the surrounding tissues and also prevents debris from entering the articulation and causing third body wear The sealing membrane traps all wear particles produced at the articulating surface within the sealed joint and it is proposed that a wear particle collection chamber is employed to collect them. The use of a ceramic or other porous material in which particles can lodge will reduce second body wear of the joint surfaces. As some of the designs developed in this thesis are novel concepts with commercial potential, a provisional patent has been filed. A preliminary marketing exercise has also been undertaken with a major implant manufacturer The author believes that this novel design of hip replacement system has the potential to increase the survival of hip replacement systems by the elimination of a major long term failure mode of aseptic loosening caused by wear particles
Thesis (M.Med.Sc.)-- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 1996

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36

Madsen, Michael S. "The effect of total hip arthroplasty surgical approach on gait kinematics." 2002. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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37

HO, CHENG-HSUN, and 何承勳. "Design of a Walking Assist Device for Hip Joints and Its Motion Control." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/873uqv.

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碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
機械與精密工程研究所
104
In this study, a wearable robotic device is designed in an attempt to apply adequate forces to swing the wearer’s legs for walking assistance. Thus, the swing motions of the device and the user must be synchronized to provide assist forces. The device has two active joints located around the hips of the user, and each joint is actuated by using a brushless DC motor and a ball-screw. Besides, two sets of force measuring module are mounted on the device to perceive the interaction forces between the device and the user. Then, two neural oscillators take the signals of interaction forces as sensory feedbacks to generate anti-phase rhythmic signals for driving the two active joints. Experimental results show that the movements of the active joints are actually synchronized with that of user’s legs, and the device is helpful for walking assistance. However, the weight of the device need to be further reduced before it can be used to help those people who walks with difficulty.

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Wang, Allan W. (Allan Wen Li). "Femoral bone remodelling following cemented hip arthroplasty in a sheep model / Allan W. Wang." 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19343.

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Bibliography: leaves 198-219.
xii, 219 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Examines the effect of implant design on the femoral bone remodelling response in a sheep cemented hip arthroplasty model. The clinical section of the thesis also indicates the importance of biological factors in the femoral bone remodelling response.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 1998

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39

Wang, Allan W. (Allan Wen Li). "Femoral bone remodelling following cemented hip arthroplasty in a sheep model / Allan W. Wang." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19343.

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Bibliography: leaves 198-219.
xii, 219 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm.
Examines the effect of implant design on the femoral bone remodelling response in a sheep cemented hip arthroplasty model. The clinical section of the thesis also indicates the importance of biological factors in the femoral bone remodelling response.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 1998

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40

Brumby, Scott Andrew. "The effect of surface roughness and a collar on fixation of cemented femoral stems in vivo / by Scott Andrew Brumby." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18921.

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Bibliography: leaves 193-206.
xiii, 206 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm.
This thesis investigates the effect of femoral stem surface roughness and a collar on the fixation of cemented hip hemi-arthroplasty femoral stems in an in vivo sheep model up to nine months following implantation. Plain radiography, micromotion between prosthesis and bone during mechanical testing and histology are used.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 1997?

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41

Baloyi, Nkele Martha. "Titanium-Zirconium-Niobium intermetallic composite coatings for orthopaedic applications." 2014. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001501.

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M. Tech. Metallurgical Engineering
Ti6Al4V alloy is the leading material for hip replacement because of its biocompatibility, elastic modulus and good yield strength, but shows poor corrosion and wear properties in simulated body fluid. Thin coatings were fabricated on Ti6Al4V alloy using Zirconium, Niobium and Titanium reinforcements with the aid of Nd:YAG Rofin Sinar laser system. Niobium reinforcement produced the best coating that displayed the best corrosion resistance and percentage increase in wear resistance in simulated body fluid as compared to the substrate. Therefore, this coating will perform best as orthopaedic implant material.

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