Relevant bibliographies by topics / Artificial hip joints – Design

Academic literature on the topic 'Artificial hip joints – Design'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Artificial hip joints – Design"

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Yao, J. Q., T. V. Parry, A. Unsworth, and J. L. Cunningham. "Contact Mechanics of Soft Layer Artificial Hip Joints: Part 2: Application to Joint Design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 208, no. 4 (December 1994): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_290_02.

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In this paper, the general solutions previously obtained for the contact mechanics of a soft layer artificial hip joint have been applied to the design of such joints. In particular, simple power-law design formulae have been generated for the prediction of the contact radius and the maximum Tresca shear stress within the elastomeric layer, when the aspect ratio varied from 1 to 20 (which covered the entire range of the aspect ratio for soft layer artificial hip joints). The effects of the layer thickness, Young's modulus of the layer and the equivalent radius of the joint upon the contact area and the maximum Tresca shear stress have all been examined for physiological loading conditions which would be experienced by hip joint prostheses in the body. Furthermore, the shear strain field was calculated so that the level of strain expected for such joints under physiological loading conditions can be estimated. With these data, relevant fatigue tests can be devised to assess the long-term performance of any particular design of soft layer hip joint. Finally, the effect of the friction between articular surfaces upon the stress field within soft layers has been examined using a newly developed asymptotic analytical theory. It was shown that, for a low coefficient of friction, the maximum Tresca shear stress occurred at layer-substrate bonding interface. With an increase in the coefficient of friction, however, the maximum Tresca shear stress increased its magnitude and moved towards the centre of the contact area along the articular surface.
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Triyono, Joko, Aditya Rio Prabowo, and Jung Min Sohn. "Investigation of Meshing Strategy on Mechanical Behaviour of Hip Stem Implant Design Using FEA." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (August 23, 2020): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0087.

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AbstractHip joint is an important human joints system. The damaged hip joints need to be replaced with artificial hip joints. The Study of the hip joint is very costly therefore another calculation method is demanded to produce good result in acceptable time and cost. Considering this problem, a series of study to assess hip joint performance is conducted using numerical approach. Important parameter for example applied materials are used in the modelling by idealizing Ti-6Al-4V compared to SS 316 L, and stemlengthwas chosen to be 128 mm. ANSYS software was used to analyze models, and designed element size variations were set to be in range 1 to 2.5 mm. The magnitude of force was placed on the femoral head with an angle of 16∘C from the vertical axis. Results showed that SS 316 L material has smaller deformation than Ti material. Whereas Central Processing (CP) time decreases in increasing element size for both materials. In addition, more variations in mesh size are needed to get more accurate convergent results.
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Ilincic, S., N. Tungkunagorn, A. Vernes, G. Vorlaufer, P. A. Fotiu, and F. Franek. "Finite and boundary element method contact mechanics on rough, artificial hip joints." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 225, no. 11 (September 26, 2011): 1081–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650111406776.

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An extremely small roughness of constant height magnitude is considered on the femoral head of an artificial hip joint in order to determine the consequences of various regular shapes and clearances on the mechanical performance of this hip prosthesis via a properly coupled finite and boundary element method. In addition, different material combinations typical for widely used hard-on-hard and hard-on-soft hip joint replacements are also taken into account. By analysing the calculated pressure distribution and contact area between the femoral head and the acetabular cup in frictionless dry contact irrespective of material pairings in hip joints, it is shown that both the wavelength of roughness and the clearance significantly affect these mechanical quantities and accordingly too loose or too tight hip implants have to be avoided. Finally, in terms of all numerical findings a suitable optimal design of hip implants is also discussed.
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Dowson, D., J. Fisher, Z. M. Jin, D. D. Auger, and B. Jobbins. "Design Considerations for Cushion Form Bearings in Artificial Hip Joints." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 205, no. 2 (June 1991): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1991_205_269_02.

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Tang, Gang, Hong Jiang Yang, Dao Fang Chang, Dong Mei Wang, and Gao Feng Wei. "Human Kinematic Characteristics during Stair Descent." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.545.

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To design and manufacture better artificial joints, it is necessary to obtain the motion range of lower limb statistically. General Staircase as an experimental device had been designed; motion capture system and plantar force measurement system were used to establish a systematic measurement method during stairs descent. The variation and range of hip, knee and ankle joints of 40 samples along different directions in a cycle have been calculated. During stair decent, motion range of hip, knee and ankle joints reach maximum in the sagittal plane and are larger comparing to joint motion range in walking and jogging.
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Scholes, S. C., A. Unsworth, J. M. Blamey, I. C. Burges, E. Jones, and N. Smith. "Design aspects of compliant, soft layer bearings for an experimental hip prosthesis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 219, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095441105x9318.

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Currently, an artificial hip joint can be expected to last, on average, in excess of 15 years with failure due, in the majority of cases, to late aseptic loosening of the acetabular component. A realistic alternative to the problem of wear in conventional joints is the introduction of bearing surfaces that exhibit low wear and operate in the full fluid-film lubrication regime. Contact analyses and friction tests were performed on compliant layer joints (metal-on-polyurethane) and the design of a prototype ovine arthroplasty model was investigated. When optimized, these components have been shown to achieve full fluid-film lubrication.
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Ishihara, Kazuhiko. "Highly lubricated polymer interfaces for advanced artificial hip joints through biomimetic design." Polymer Journal 47, no. 9 (June 10, 2015): 585–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pj.2015.45.

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Ren, Bin, Jianwei Liu, Xurong Luo, and Jiayu Chen. "On the kinematic design of anthropomorphic lower limb exoskeletons and their matching movement." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 172988141987590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419875908.

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The lower limb exoskeleton is a wearable device for assisting medical rehabilitation. A classical lower limb exoskeleton structures cannot precisely match the kinematics of the wearer’s limbs and joints in movement, so a novel anthropomorphic lower limb exoskeleton based on series–parallel mechanism is proposed in this article. Then, the human lower limb movements are measured by an optical gait capture system. Comparing the simulation results of the series–parallel mechanism with the measured human data, the kinematics matching model at the hip joint is established. The results show that the kinematic matching errors in the X, Y, and Z directions are less than 2 mm. So, the proposed kinematics matching model is effective and the anthropomorphic series–parallel mechanism has a significant improvement in tracing the human positions at the hip joint.
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Li, Gang, Qiying Su, Wenqiu Xi, Zhendong Song, Renren Bao, and Zhenjun Du. "Dynamic analysis and design of a multipurpose lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 19, no. 6 (November 1, 2022): 172988062211351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17298806221135140.

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To solve some defects of exoskeleton robot at present, this article establishes the dynamic model of human lower limb. The torque curves for hip joint and knee joint are obtained. A dynamics simulation is conducted in ADAMS which will guide the selection of motors and reducers for exoskeleton joints. Three structural design projects for leg and an integrated joint with the function of force perception are proposed. Then a lightweight exoskeleton is put forward and a kinematics simulation of man–machine coupling system is carried out in ADAMS. This article sets up a 24-V low-voltage control electrical system and a rehabilitation training expert system. Some performance tests and clinical experiments are carried out by an experimental prototype. The results show that the joints have sufficient driving torque. Leg structure has large adjustment range and self-locking function. The exoskeleton has lightweight and does not interfere with human body during movement. The expert system has a friendly operation interface and abundant functions. Clinical experimental results show that lower limb exoskeleton has good rehabilitation effect for some diseases.
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Yao, J. Q. "Contact Mechanics of Soft Layer Artificial Hip Joints: Part 1: General Solutions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 208, no. 4 (December 1994): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_289_02.

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Unlike natural synovial joints, which are lubricated with a full fluid film lubrication mechanism, conventional artificial hip joints are lubricated with a mixed lubrication mechanism. Recently, however, a new generation of artificial hip joints employing compliant layers to mimic the compliance of articular cartilage in natural synovial joints have been developed to provide fluid film lubrication in these joints. While satisfactory lubrication can be achieved by employing soft layers, compliant thin layers are susceptible to the debonding between the soft layer and its stiffer substrate and long-term mechanical fatigue failure. Stress analyses for different designs of such joints are therefore important. In the present paper, the circular contact between a rigid sphere and an elastomeric layer bonded on to a rigid substrate has been analysed with a novel semi-analytical approach. The detailed contact parameters (the contact radius, the maximum surface deformation, the contact pressure and the contact stress inside the layer) have been examined for a wide range of aspect ratios (0 ≤ a/ht ≤ 100).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Artificial hip joints – Design"

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Li, Junyan. "Computational biomechanics/biotribological modelling of natural and artificial hip joints." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5500/.

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The excellent hip function and potential degeneration are closely linked with the unique structure of the joint cartilage that is principally composed of a solid phase and a fluid phase. Once damaged, the joint may need to be replaced by prosthesis in order to restore function in hip kinematics and kinetics. However, to what extent this can be achieved has yet to be quantified. On the other hand, the role of fluid pressurisation which plays in hip function has been poorly understood. The aim of this thesis was to address these issues. To evaluate the gait abnormality, particularly in terms of hip contact forces, a musculoskeletal model of lower extremity was constructed in a rigid-body dynamics frame, and the hip kinematics and kinetics were determined and cross-compared for a group of asymptomatic total hip replacement (THR) patients, THR patients with symptoms of symptomatic leg length inequality (LLI) and normal healthy people. Significant abnormal patterns in gait kinetics were observed for the asymptomatic THR patients, and this abnormality was greater for the LLI patients. To understand contact mechanics and the associated fluid pressurisation within the hip cartilage, a three dimensional finite element (FE) hip model with biphasic cartilage layers were developed. The protocol was compared to other solvers. A set of sensitivity studies were undertaken to evaluate the influence of model parameters, and then the model was evaluated under a range of loads with different activities. In all the cases, the fluid supported over 90% of the load for a prolonged period, potentially providing excellent hip function and lubrication. The musculoskeletal model and FE joint were combined to investigate the performance of the non-operated joint of the THR / LLI patients during gait which was found to function in a mechanically abnormal but not adverse environment. Lastly, the methodology of the biphasic hip modelling was validated using an experimental porcine hip of hemiarthroplasty. Good agreement was achieved between the FE predictions and the experimental measurement of the contact area.
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Kohm, Andrew Christopher. "New techniques for characterization of surface and volumetric wear in total hip athroplasty." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070378403.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 173 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-173). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Dyrkacz, Richard Michael Ryan. "Corrosion at the head-neck taper interface of artificial hip joints." Journal of Arthroplasty, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30545.

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The aim of this thesis was to determine if the size of the femoral head can influ-ence corrosion at the head-neck taper interface of total hip arthroplasty (THA) prosthe-ses. A hypothesis was developed that large head sizes could result in a greater toggling torque at the head-neck taper interface by increasing the distance between the centre of the femoral head to the centre of the neck taper. This could result in increased micromotion and deteriorate the passive oxide film along the head-neck taper interface; thus, making the taper interface vulnerable to corrosion. A retrieval analysis of 74 THA prostheses studied the corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface. This study revealed that prostheses featuring 36 mm femoral heads had significantly greater head taper corrosion than prostheses with a 28 mm head. Finite element analysis was performed afterwards to identify if the use of large femoral heads can increase the micromotion at the head-neck taper interface due to a greater toggling torque. This experiment demonstrated that with a larger head size the micromotion at the head-neck taper interface increases. An in vitro corrosion fatigue study was performed afterwards following ASTM F1875-98. When applying an off-axis fatigue load, prostheses featuring a 36 mm femoral head displayed significantly more corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface than those with a 28 mm femoral head. Axial fatigue loading was also applied; negligible corrosion damage at the head-neck taper interface was discovered in comparison to the prostheses that received an out of axis load. This verifies that the use of large femoral heads can result in increased head-neck taper corrosion due to a greater toggling torque.
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Ramjee, Shatish. "Numerical analysis of lubrication in an artificial hip joint." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09152008-133304/.

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Wu, Jun Jie. "The integrity of moulded ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene for joint replacement prostheses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325574.

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Ganguli, Arunima. "The interaction of bisphosphonates in solution and as coatings on hydroxyapatite with osteoblasts and macrophages." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248739.

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Walter, William Lindsay School of Biomechanics UNSW. "Severe biomechanical conditions in total hip replacement." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biomechanics, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25968.

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Hip simulators are designed to reproduce the forces and motion patterns of normal walking. In vivo demands on total hip replacements, however, are varied and often more severe than normal walking conditions. It is these severe conditions that often lead to implant failure. This is clinically based research aimed at understanding some of the more severe conditions in hips and the effect that these have on the performance of the total hip replacement. The polyethylene liner can act as a pump in an acetabular component, forcing fluid and wear particles through the holes to the retroacetabular bone causing osteolysis. Ten patients were studied at revision surgery. Pressures were measured in retroacetabular osteolytic lesions while performing pumping manouvers with the hip. Two laboratory experiments were then designed to study pumping mechanisms in vitro. In patients with contained osteolytic lesions, fluid pressure fluctuations could be measured in the lesion in association with the pumping action. Patients with uncontained osteolytic lesions showed no such pressure fluctuations. In the laboratory we identified 3 distinct mechanisms whereby fluid can be pumped from the hip joint to the retroacetabular bone. These pumping effects could be mitigated by improved implant design. Loading of the femoral head against the edge of the acetabular component produces dramatically increased contact pressures particularly in hard-on-hard bearings. In an analysis of 16 retrieved ceramic-on-ceramic bearings we were able to characterise the mechanism of edge loading based on the pattern of edge loading wear on the bearing surface. Finally in a radiographic study of patients with squeaking ceramic-on-ceramic hips. Squeaking was found to be associated with acetabular component malposition. It seems that edge loading or impingement may be an associated factor in these cases.
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Opperman, Tertius. "Tribological evaluation of joint fluid and the development of a synthetic lubricant for use in hip joint simulators." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07282005-083909.

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Schumacher, Brian. "An analysis of the femoral head/stem taper lock for orthopaedic prostheses." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18927.

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Bastidos, Amanda Marie. "Failure analysis and materials characterization of hip implants." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Books on the topic "Artificial hip joints – Design"

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Vidalain, Jean-Pierre. The Corail® Hip System: A Practical Approach Based on 25 Years of Experience. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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Gese, Helmut. Werkstoffkundliche und mechanische Optimierung von zementfreien Hüftendoprothesen. Regensburg: S. Roderer, 1992.

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Pal, Subrata. Design of Artificial Human Joints & Organs. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6255-2.

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1994), Wiener Symposium (3rd. The Zweymüller total hip prosthesis: 15 years' experience. Edited by Zweymüller K. Seattle: Hogrefe & Huber, 1998.

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Love, Cynthia B. Total hip replacement: January 1991 through April 1994 : 1095 citations. Bethesda, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Reference Section, 1994.

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Hip replacements: What you need to know. Commack, N.Y: Kroshka Books, 1998.

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K, Bawari R., ed. Total hip replacement surgery: (principles and techniques). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub., 2010.

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McCormack, Brendan Anthony Oliver. On damage accumulation in cemented hip replacements. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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J, Callaghan John, Rosenberg Aaron G, and Rubash Harry E, eds. The adult hip. 2nd ed. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.

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1999), Wiener Symposium (4th. 20 years of Zweymüller hip endoprosthesis: 4th Vienna Symposium. Edited by Zweymüller K. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Artificial hip joints – Design"

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Pal, Subrata. "The Hip Joint and Its Artificial Replacement." In Design of Artificial Human Joints & Organs, 177–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6255-2_11.

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Gotman, Irena. "Biomechanical and Tribological Aspects of Orthopaedic Implants." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 25–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_2.

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AbstractOrthopaedic and dental implant treatments have allowed to enhance the quality of life of millions of patients. Total hip/knee arthroplasty is a surgical replacement of the hip/knee joint with an artificial prosthesis. The aim of joint replacement surgery is to relieve pain improve function, often for sufferers of osteoarthritis, which affects around a third of people aged over fifty. Nowadays, total hip and knee replacement (THR) surgeries are considered routine procedures with generally excellent outcomes. Given the increasing life expectancy of the world population, however, many patients will require revision or removal of the artificial joint during their lifetime. The most common cause of failure of hip and knee replacements is mechanical instability secondary to wear of the articulating components. Thus, tribological and biomechanical aspects of joint arthroplasty are of specific interest in addressing the needs of younger, more active patients. The most significant improvements in the longevity of artificial joints have been achieved through the introduction of more wear resistant bearing surfaces. These innovations, however, brought about new tribocorrosion phenomena, such as fretting corrosion at the modular junctions of hip implants. Stiffness mismatch between the prosthesis components, non-physiological stress transfer and uneven implant-bone stress distribution are all involved in premature failure of hip arthroplasty. The development of more durable hip and knee prostheses requires a comprehensive understanding of biomechanics and tribocorrosion of implant materials. Some of these insights can also be applied to the design and development of dental implants.
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Saverio, Affatato. "Testing of Artificial Hip Joints." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 3543–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1294.

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Oka, Masanori. "Load-Bearing Mechanisms of Natural and Artificial Joints." In Hip Biomechanics, 255–63. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68237-0_24.

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Meng, Qingen. "Lubrication Modeling of Artificial Hip Joints." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 2096–101. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1276.

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Liu, Feng. "Wear Modeling of Artificial Hip Joints." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 4045–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1278.

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Ren, Y. "Biomaterials and Coatings for Artificial Hip Joints." In Biomaterials and Materials for Medicine, 105–43. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003161981-4.

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Gao, Yongchang, and Zhong-Min Jin. "Biomechanics and Biotribology of UHMWPE Artificial Hip Joints." In Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, 241–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6924-7_8.

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Pal, Subrata. "The Artificial Pancreas." In Design of Artificial Human Joints & Organs, 339–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6255-2_20.

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Askari, E., P. Flores, D. Dabirrahmani, and R. Appleyard. "Wear Prediction of Ceramic-on-Ceramic Artificial Hip Joints." In New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science, 463–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09411-3_49.

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Conference papers on the topic "Artificial hip joints – Design"

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Youness, Abdel-Latif, L. A. Abde-Latif, and A. M. A. El-Butch. "Elasto-Hydrodynamic Analysis of Human Artificial Hip Joint Prostheses." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80273.

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Hip joint is one of the most important human joints that should be fully understood. The present research work aims at improving the tribological performance of the human artificial hip joint prostheses to help in producing reliable ones using design charts. An elasto-hydrodynamic model of the hip joint is proposed and numerical solution of the governing equations using finite difference technique is used to predict the elasto-hydrodynamic behavior of such joint. Parametric study has been conducted and results have shown that, thicker cup gives better tribological performance and the increase in the femoral head radius results in decreasing the non-dimensional maximum pressure and decreasing the non-dimensional minimum film thickness. Also, increasing the angular velocity doesn’t affect the tribological behavior considerably.
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Wang, Fengcai, and Zhongmin Jin. "Lubrication Modelling of Artificial Hip Joints: From Fluid Film to Boundary Lubrication Regimes." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58077.

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A full numerical methodology was developed for the mixed lubrication analysis of hip implants, covering a continuous spectrum from full fluid film to boundary (dry contact) lubrication regimes. The methodology was applied to a typical hip implant employing an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) acetabular cup in articulation with a metallic femoral head. It was shown that as the viscosity decreased, direct contact was initiated at the exit regions both in the entraining and side-leakage directions where the minimum film thickness occurred. As the viscosity decreased further, the direct contact area increased and until eventually became similar to the dry contact area.
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Boedo, S., S. A. Coots, and J. F. Booker. "Swing Phase Lubrication Analysis of a Novel Artificial Hip Joint." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64356.

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This paper investigates swing-phase cavitation formation and collapse in a novel artificial hip joint using a well-established transient mass-conserving finite element cavitation algorithm. Elastic elements and ellipsoidal cup surface geometry are incorporated into the new design to promote and enhance ‘squeeze-film’ action over ‘wedge-film’ action employed in conventional artificial hip joints. During the swing phase of the gait cycle, the lubricant film undergoes cavitation from normal separation of ball and cup surfaces. Reformation of a complete lubricant film is predicted over a wide range of sub-ambient cavitation threshold pressures, ball velocities, ellipticity specifications, and ball initial positions that are likely to be encountered in practice.
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Onisoru, Justin, Nicolae Enescu, Aron Iarovici, and Lucian Capitanu. "Wear Prediction of Total Hip Prostheses Due to Common Activities." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35556.

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The wear prediction of artificial joints is a very difficult task due to several factors. First, one could notice a large domain of joint loading due to the wide spectrum of common activities. Secondary, to account for the evolution of contact conditions due to wearing could imply a high level of nonlinearity and time-consuming algorithms in order to solve. The authors tried to overcome all these difficulties by using a complex predictive model that combines statistical evaluation, nonlinear mechanical analyses of load transfer by the contact interface and tribological estimations of the wear characteristics. After a theoretical description of the predictive model, one could notice an application for an artificial Total Hip Prosthesis — a frictional CoCr alloy on ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) couple. Several loading regimes are considered as characteristic for the common activity of the patient (normal walking, stair ascending and descending). For every regime a dynamic Finite Element simulation of the frictional contact was performed establishing the contact traces and the contact pressure distribution. Those characteristics combined with the frequencies of the activities considered are input data for computing a special point function which distribution over the contact surface could be a good measure of the wearing regime, qualitatively as quantitatively.
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Topoleski, L. D. Timmie. "Mechanical Failure of Artificial Joint Materials: Wear and Fatigue." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2656.

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Abstract Total artificial joint replacements are one of the most effective treatments for arthritis. Artificial joints are used to replace damaged cartilage and act as low-friction articulating materials in joints. During normal human walking, some of the materials used for artificial knee and hip replacements are subjected to both sliding articulation (relative motion) and cyclic loading. A common example is the CoCrMo alloy femoral surface of an artificial knee that articulates against an ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene (UHMWPE) component. Other materials do not experience relative motion (at least not intentionally) and are subjected to only cyclic loading. An example is the poly(methyl methacrylate) or PMMA bone cement used to fix components of artificial joints into bones. In the case of articulating materials, both surfaces are susceptible to wear, from both second-body and third body (in the presence of abrasive particles) mechanisms. Wear of the UHMWPE has received considerable attention recently, since the polymer wear is far more obvious than the metal wear. The Biomaterials field is developing an understanding of the wear mechanisms and how to enhance the wear resistance of UHMWPE. The wear of the metal components has not received as much attention, yet materials wear as a couple; both surfaces play a role in the overall wear. In the UMBC Laboratory for Implantable Materials, we are investigating the mechanisms of CoCrMo alloy wear, and the effect of worn metal components on the wear of UHMWPE. Understanding the wear mechanisms of metal components may help to extend the life of artificial joints by allowing new articulating material combinations and joint designs. For non-articulating materials, fatigue failure is a primary concern. Fatigue of metal components is relatively rare. In the distal portion of an artificial hip, the metal hip stem is fixed into the bone by a layer of PMMA bone cement. The PMMA bone cement is far weaker and less resistant to fracture and fatigue than either the bone or the metal, and thus may be considered the mechanical “weak link” in cemented total joints. We are investigating the fatigue properties of PMMA bone cements, and studying the mechanisms of fatigue crack initiation. If we can determine how fatigue cracks start in bone cement, we may be able to develop, for example, new surgical procedures (e.g., bone preparation) that will reduce the likelihood of fatigue failure. New formulations of bone cement have been developed for both joint fixation, and also for bone repair or replacement. Understanding the failure mechanisms of bone cements may enable safe and effective new uses for new bone cements, and extend the lives of cemented artificial joints.
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Annanto, Gilar Pandu, Jamari, Eko Saputro, Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno, Rifky Ismail, Mohammad Tauviqirrahman, and Iwan Budiwan Anwar. "The effect of femoral head size on the cement mantle in the layered artificial hip joint." In EXPLORING RESOURCES, PROCESS AND DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Engineering, Technology, and Industrial Application (ICETIA) 2018. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5112486.

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Zakeri, Nasser, Farzam Farahmand, and Hamid Katoozian. "Optimal Design of a Hip Joint Implant With Hollow Stem Using Finite Element Method." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95423.

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Complication of artificial joint replacement is often attributed to the distribution of mechanical stresses over the bone-cement, and cement-implant interfaces. This study represents the analysis and optimization of a hollow-stem hip prosthesis to reduce the micro-motion and maintain uniformity of stress distribution over the interface regions. A three-dimensional finite element model of the proximal femur was constructed in ANSYS, including the cortical bone, the cancellous bone, the bone cement and the femoral component of hip joint implant. Three design parameters were considered for the implant stem, including the length of the stem and the length and radius of the distal cylindrical cavity. The optimization criterion was defined as a linear combination of the standard deviations of the equivalent Von-Mises stresses and the total displacements at the cement-implant interface nodes. The Response Surface Method and sensitivity analysis indicated that the length of the stem has a major impact on the optimization criterion and the length and the radius of the cavity stand as the minor factors. The optimal design was obtained to have a 10.5 cm length stem with a cylindrical cavity of 23.4 mm length and 1.3 mm radius. The assumed optimization criterion reduced substantially from 3.1 in the initial design to 2.52 in the optimal deign.
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Wu Zhaohua. "Optimal design and fatigue life prediction for QFN solder joints by BP Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithm." In High Density Packaging (ICEPT-HDP). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icept.2010.5582651.

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van Ostayen, Ron A. J., Anton van Beek, and Robert H. Munnig Schmidt. "Optimization of Hydrodynamic Sliders for Multiple Operating Conditions." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71187.

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We present a new method to determine the film height distribution of the load-optimal hydrodynamic slider for multiple operating conditions. The use of the method is demonstrated in two examples, the second of which is based on the load conditions in an artificial hip-joint during a standard walking cycle. The results of this optimization may lead to an improved design of the replacement hip-joint, resulting in less wear and an improved lifespan.
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Bulstrode, Christopher, Alan R. Turner-Smith, and Steven P. White. "X-Ray photogrammetry of artificial hip joints." In Close-Range Photogrammetry Meets Machine Vision. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2294318.

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