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Journal articles on the topic 'Artificial Corundum'

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Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Pernicová, Radka, and Tomas Kolomaznik. "Recycled Nanoparticles of Artificial Corundum as Fine-Grained Addition in Concrete Mixture." Materials Science Forum 947 (March 2019): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.947.217.

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This document deals with study of nanoand micro particles of artificial corundum in cement mixtures. This inert material with high hardness is usually used as fine-grained additions of concrete mixture. The most important characteristic of corundum is very high hardness (number 9 on Mohr scale). That is the reason, why is mostly added to the cement mixture primary intended for high load flooring. In this paper were studied several type of recycled corundum classified due to its origin. Because it is a recycled material, it was necessary to first examined basic physical properties such as chemical composition or granulometry. We have applied this fine grain material to cement mixes and compared their mechanical properties. For comparison measurement were used a mixture without this admixture and mixture with a corundum with similar granulometry but non-recycled origin.
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2

Valášek, P., J. Kejval, and M. Müller. "Epoxy resin filled with primary and secondary raw material – useable in agriculture." Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, No. 4 (November 27, 2014): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/23/2013-rae.

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Hard inorganic particles in the interaction with polymeric materials increase wear resistance. Also reactoplastics are suitable for filling with micro- and nano-particles for a purpose of some mechanical properties optimization. The paper compares chosen mechanical properties – hardness, wear resistance and tensile characteristics of epoxy resin filled with artificial corundum with various middle particles sizes and their ratio combination. Mentioned systems can be used in a sphere of the agricultural production at renovation of machine parts, they can serve for creating resistant layers on machines, floors and grillages at the same time. The aim of the carried out experiment is to compare the properties of reactoplastics filled with a primary and secondary raw material and to define an optimum ratio of the filler particle size relating to a given mechanical quality. The artificial corundum was chosen as the primary material, the waste corundum from the process of material mechanical treatment was chosen as the secondary one.    
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3

Doroganov, V. A., E. A. Doroganov, N. A. Peretokina, V. I. Onishchuk, Yu N. Trepalina, and O. V. Gavshina. "Corundum and Zirconia Composites Based on Artificial Ceramic Binders." Refractories and Industrial Ceramics 57, no. 1 (May 2016): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11148-016-9934-5.

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4

Mottana, Annibale, Takatoshi Murata, Augusto Marcelli, Giancarlo Della Ventura, Giannantonio Cibin, Ziyu Wu, and Richard Tessadri. "Characterization of Local Chemistry and Disorder in Synthetic and Natural α-Al2O3Materials by X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure Spectroscopy." Journal of Applied Crystallography 31, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 890–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889898007778.

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X-ray absorption fine spectra at the AlKedge were measured experimentally and calculated theoreticallyviathe multiple-scattering formalism for chemically pure and physically perfect synthetic α-Al2O3(α-alumina), natural ruby/sapphire (corundum) and a series of artificial corundums produced for technical purposes and used as geochemical standards. The AlK-edge spectra differ, despite the identical coordination (short-range arrangement) assumed by O around Al, and vary slightly in relation to the slightly different chemistries of the materials (substitutional defects) as well as on account of the location taken by foreign atoms in the structural lattices (positional defects). A quantitative treatment of the observed changes is made in terms of short-range distortion of the coordination polyhedron and of medium- to long-range modifications in the overall structure, both induced by substitutions. In some technical corundums, the impurities of admixed β-alumina, where Al is both in fourfold and sixfold coordination, produce another small but detectable effect on AlKedges. Therefore, XAFS spectroscopy proves its potential for both measuring a light element such as Al and detecting minor coordination changes and dilute substitutions (∼1–3 wt% as oxide) of the absorber by other atoms, at least under the favourable conditions occurring in this system.
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5

Mikhailov, Gennady G., A. G. Morozova, and Vitalii G. Bamburov. "Investigation of Physical and Chemical Processes of Formation of Composite Materials with Specified Structural Phase Characteristics." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.192.

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In domestic practice development of the production technology of rail grinding wheels has outstripped the development of technology for the production of zirconium electro-corundum; the electrocorundum meets the requirements of non-thermal metal treatment. Among the artificial abrasives the leading place belongs to corundum and corundum based alloys (zirconium electrocorundum). At the moment the domestic factories of the abrasive industry are producing zirconium electrocorundum of the pre-eutectic composition (containing about 25% of zirconium dioxide) for rough grinding applied for the rough processing of the rolled products. The zirconium electrocorundum for the final non-thermal metal treatment is not produced by domestic factories; there are no technical requirements for such a material. This work was targeted to develop compositions and parameters for melting of prototypes for the industrial scale production of zirconium electrocorundum with specified and controlled properties. The grain of zirconium electrocorundum in the grinding wheels used in rail grinding trains has specific properties. According to the principles of non-thermal material processing, the structural and phase state of the grinding grain should provide high strength and durability under normal conditions, and at the same time it should tend to shear during the thermal exposure. The design of domestic electrocorundum for rail grinding with properties which are not inferior in comparison with the imported analogues is a strategic issue.
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6

Bulgakov, V. G., V. F. Tatarinov, and N. S. Gavryushenko. "Tribochemical Component of Oxidative Stress Development at Artificial Joints Implantation. Part 5. Pro-oxidative Properties and Interrelation of Titanium and Non-Metallic Orthopaedic Material Wear Particles with Antioxidants." Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii imeni N.N. Priorova, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32414/0869-8678-2015-3-41-44.

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Radical-forming ability of artificial wear particles of BT6 titanium alloy and nonmetallic materials was studied using modelling reaction of cumene oxidation. It was stated that alloy particles initiate formation of radicals and consecutive repeated cumene oxidation by metallic particles took place with significantly higher rate of radicals’ formation. Particles of nonmetallic materials (polyethylene, corundum ceramics, carbon nanocomposite) are inert and do not possess radical-forming ability that ensures their advantage in prevention of possible development of adverse free radical reactions in surrounding implant tissues.
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7

Bulgakov, V. G., V. F. Tatarinov, and N. S. Gavryushenko. "Tribochemical Component of Oxidative Stress Development at Artificial Joints Implantation. Part 5. Pro-oxidative Properties and Interrelation of Titanium and Non-Metallic Orthopaedic Material Wear Particles with Antioxidants." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 22, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto201522341-44.

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Radical-forming ability of artificial wear particles of BT6 titanium alloy and nonmetallic materials was studied using modelling reaction of cumene oxidation. It was stated that alloy particles initiate formation of radicals and consecutive repeated cumene oxidation by metallic particles took place with significantly higher rate of radicals’ formation. Particles of nonmetallic materials (polyethylene, corundum ceramics, carbon nanocomposite) are inert and do not possess radical-forming ability that ensures their advantage in prevention of possible development of adverse free radical reactions in surrounding implant tissues.
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8

Staniewicz-Brudnik, Barbara, Małgorzata Karolus, Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska, Grzegorz Skrabalak, Jolanta Laszkiewicz-Łukasik, Justyna Drukała, Joanna Stalińska, and Katarzyna Dziedzic. "Selected physico-chemical properties of composite scaffolds of sintered submicrocrystalline corundum and bioglass." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 120, no. 3-4 (February 16, 2022): 1867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-08736-w.

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AbstractPresented paper contains description and interpretation of the results of selected physicochemical and structural properties of two types of composite sinters. They were constituted of a mixture of sintered microcrystalline corundum and bioglass CaO-P2O5-SiO2-Na2O system intended for scaffolds to cell culture of human chondrocytes. The composites contained a mixture of both above-mentioned components in the volumetric proportion of 50:50 (W5) and 30:70 (W7). They were obtained using powder metallurgy by free sintering in air atmosphere. Phase analysis of composites and verification of theoretical identification using X-ray diffraction were performed. The same phases were found in both cases (Al2O3 SiO2 CaAl2Si2O8, Ca3 (PO4)2, Ca2Al4O7 and NaAlSiO4). Microscopic tests of composite surfaces were performed and some differences were found. W5 sample was not completely covered with bioglass, whilst W7 sample was completely covered with bioglass with few fine pores. Tests of surface topography confirmed the presence of large and small pores. Composite surfaces immersed for 30 days in artificial blood plasma were tested and then electron microscopy analysis was performed. It was found that no significant changes occurred on the surface of the W5 composite, probably partial corrosion of the glass happened. Spherical forms characteristic of HA-hydroxyapatites were observed on the surface of sample W7. Human articular chondrocyte cells were seeded on both types of sinters and proliferation assay was performed. Results indicate that tested scaffolds support cellular attachment and proliferation of chondrocytes.
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9

Litasov, Konstantin D., Hiroyuki Kagi, and Tatyana B. Bekker. "Enigmatic super-reduced phases in corundum from natural rocks: Possible contamination from artificial abrasive materials or metallurgical slags." Lithos 340-341 (September 2019): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.05.013.

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10

De la Torre, A. G., and M. A. G. Aranda. "Accuracy in Rietveld quantitative phase analysis of Portland cements." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 5 (September 8, 2003): 1169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002188980301375x.

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The polymorphs that constitute most Portland cements have been synthesized: tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, aluminate, ferrite, gypsum, bassanite and calcite. They have been used to prepare artificial mixtures,i.e.white Portland clinker, grey Portland clinker and two types of grey Portland cements. Quantitative mineralogical analyses of these mixtures have been obtained by laboratory X-ray powder diffraction (λ = 1.54 Å) and the Rietveld method. To assess the accuracy of these analyses, high-energy synchrotron X-ray powder data (λ = 0.40 Å) for the same mixtures have also been studied. Furthermore, synchrotron X-ray powder data were collected for binary mixtures of the polymorphs and a corundum standard. This was done to determine the presence of impurity crystalline phases in the synthesized samples and to check the presence of non-negligible amorphous phase contents. The errors in the synchrotron X-ray analyses are quite low (usually smaller than 1 wt%). The relative errors in the laboratory X-ray analyses are of the order of 2% for the main phases and increase to approximately 5–10% for the low-content components. These errors are acceptable in the factory environment and the routine application of this methodology in the cement industry is being implemented.
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11

Shevchenko, S., and I. Tkachuk. "Study of colour change factors for some varieties of gems." Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 71 (December 2022): 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/71.170.

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Purpose. To explain the main factors of color transformations on specific samples of precious stones with a change in color, as well as their synthetic analogues and imitations. Methods. The work uses X-ray fluorescence analysis, as well as general scientific methods of research –empirical and theoretical (analysis, generalization, comparison, explanation). During the research, lamps with different light spectra (different color temperatures) were used: an incandescent lamp, a yellow diode lamp, a special gemological lamp. Findings. The content and concentration of chromophore ions were determined for samples of precious stones and their imitations with color changes, namely alexandrite, chrysoberyl, sultanite, Malaya garnet, garnets with color changes, as well as synthetic corundum and alexite (glass). The influence of the concentration ratio of chromophore ions on the color of alexandrites and garnets with color change is shown. Color change for anisotropic stones with pleochroism is shown. The colors of anisotropic stones along the crystallographic axes were studied –two colors for uniaxial stones and three – for biaxial stones. The originality. The change in color of the studied samples from the department's collection under the influence of four sources of illumination: daylight, an incandescent lamp, a yellow diode lamp, and a special gemological lamp was demonstrated. Chromatic charts are constructed with different color temperatures and wavelengths for each light source. It is shown that when the color temperature of light sources increases, the wavelengths of light in all samples, except for alexandrite, decrease. Practical implementation. The data presented in the article demonstrate specific examples of the influence of factors on the change in the color of precious stones and provide an opportunity for additional explanations of this phenomenon for specialists, as well as expand its understanding by direct consumers of relevant services on the market. It is shown that with the gradual replacement of incandescent lamps with modern diode lamps, garnets with color changes and synthetic corundum "under alexandrite" will be in the most "losing" situation - their colors will be closer to each other and will hardly show strong changes. At the same time, such an artificial material as alexite (which is passed off as sultanite, in particular) will attract the attention of even uninformed buyers due to a sharp change in color, while the colors will almost match under such opposite sources as daylight and an incandescent lamp.
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12

Taranenkova, V. V., H. M. Shabanova, Ya M. Pitak, M. I. Sharapov, and A. Yu Kapustyak. "Using the zirconium­containing binders for obtaining refractory concretes." Scientific research on refractories and technical ceramics, no. 122-123 (December 27, 2023): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35857/2663-3566.122-123.05.

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Now the creation of new heat­resistance and refractory binding materials contributing towards reliable and durable service of high­temperature plants is paid great attention. To develop the physical and chemical principles of such materials technology first of all it is necessary to study the high­melting oxide systems and as a consequence, to obtain refractory products in terms of ones. Taking into consideration all mentioned above, the multicomponent zirconium­oxide systems are of potential interest. As a result of our investigations new compositions of high­strength, heat­resistance, and refractory zirconium­containing binders on the basis of different sections of the quaternary system CaO—Al2O3—ZrO2—SiO2 are obtained. Refractory concretes in terms of zirconium­containing cement and various aggregates, both natural (corundum, baddeleyite) and artificial (calcium zirconate), have been elaborated. It is revealed that the kind and granulometric composition of aggregates, molding methods, as well as cement­aggregate relation influence the physical and mechanical properties of concrete developed. Concretes obtained are characterized by high strength (50—60 MPa) and service property stability: refractoriness — more than 1700 °C thermal shock resistance — more than 30 cycles; thermal linear expansion coefficient — 4.8×10–6 ÷ 5.6×10–6 deg.–1, initial strain point under load of 0.2 MPa — 1400—1500 °C Materials developed comply with requirements to refractory materials and can be applied for monolithic linings of heat density parts of high­temperature plants.
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13

Dziubak, Sebastian Dominik. "Contamination of the intake air of internal combustion engines of motor vehicles." Bulletin of the Military University of Technology 70, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7010.

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The paper presents the composition of atmospheric air as a mixture of gases that make up the solid and variable components, and the definitions of air pollutants are referenced. Gaseous and solid pollutants (dust) of the atmospheric air have been defined. Dusts were divided according to various criteria and their properties were given. Exemplary courses of immission of the fraction of solid particles are given, indicating a strong dependence of the immission on the seasons, days of the week and day and night. The sources and characteristics of artificial and natural pollutants in the atmospheric air are presented. It has been shown that the main sources of anthropogenic pollution in addition to industry and the automotive industry. Cars are a source of gaseous and particulate pollutants PM, and they also emit pollution from brake and clutch lining wear, as well as from tire and road wear. The main sources of natural air pollution were discussed, including volcanic eruptions, fires in landfills, forests, steppes and sand storms, as well as mineral dust (road dust) carried from the ground by vehicles. The properties of road dust are discussed: chemical and fractional composition, density, dust concentration in the air. It has been shown that the two basic components of the dust, silica and corundum, whose share in dust reaches 95%, also have the highest hardness, which may have a decisive influence on the wear of engine components. Various valuesof dust concentration in the air were presented depending on the type and condition of the ground and the conditions of use of vehicles. Keywords: mechanical engineering, internal combustion engines, air pollution sources, road dust
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14

Griffin, William L., Vered Toledo, and Suzanne Y. O'Reilly. "Discussion of “Enigmatic super-reduced phases in corundum from natural rocks: Possible contamination from artificial abrasive materials or metallurgical slags” by Litasov et al. (Lithos, 340–341, p.181–190)." Lithos 348-349 (December 2019): 105122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.06.024.

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15

Kranz, I., J. B. Gonzalez, I. Dörfel, M. Gemeinert, M. Griepentrog, D. Klaffke, C. Knabe, W. Österle, and U. Gross. "Biological response to micron- and nanometer-sized particles known as potential wear products from artificial hip joints: Part II: Reaction of murine macrophages to corundum particles of different size distributions." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 89A, no. 2 (May 2009): 390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32121.

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16

Yang, Aimin, Li-Jing Wang, Wei-Ning Ma, Mei Tang, and Jing Chen. "Shape from Shading-Based Study of Silica Fusion Characterization Problems." Minerals 12, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12101286.

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With the rapid development of AI (artificial intelligence) in recent years, AI has been widely used in the image processing of iron tailings. The main component of iron tailings is silica, which is the most difficult part of the iron tailing composition to fuse. Therefore, the melting behavior of iron tailings can be characterized by the melting behavior of silica. First of all, in the actual production process, the temperature of the high-temperature furnace exceeds 1500 °C, which leads to a short service life of the conventional testing equipment. A line array CCD (charge coupled device) camera system with amplification effect was used to acquire data on silica in a high-temperature melt pool in a non-contact manner. The corundum crucible position is fixed, which can be used to establish a two-dimensional coordinate system to reproduce the object’s motion pattern to solve the problem of the short service life of conventional inspection equipment. The color and wobble problems generated by the Rift Valley CCD system when taking pictures need to be corrected for accurate image processing. Secondly, the change in the center-of-mass position of silica during melting was studied using the temporal images of silica in a high-temperature melt pool, and the edge contour features were extracted from the silica images and filled inside the contours, from which the mass, area and perimeter were obtained. Finally, the volume change of silica in the time series image is calculated after eliminating the effect of background factors, and the 2D image is constructed into a 3D image. We built a SFS (shape from shading) model according to the lighting conditions, and the actual melting rate of silica is calculated accordingly. According to the model calculation results, it can be seen that with the change in time, silica surface area under heat gradually decreases, then the silica melting rate gradually decreases; among them, the faster melting rate is about 0.007 cubic millimeter/second, and the slower melting rate is about 0.0015 cubic millimeter/second. Data support was provided for the blast furnace slag direct fiber formation process. The introduction of the algorithmic model into the actual production process has certain advantages. Therefore, the SFS model established in this paper has some practical value and is worth promoting in related enterprises.
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17

Litasov, K. D., T. B. Bekker, and H. Kagi. "Reply to the discussion of “Enigmatic super-reduced phases in corundum from natural rocks: Possible contamination from artificial abrasive materials or metallurgical slags” by Litasov et al. (Lithos, v.340–341, p.181–190) by W.L. Griffin, V. Toledo and S.Y. O'Reilly." Lithos 348-349 (December 2019): 105170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.105170.

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18

Akaiwa, Kazuaki, Norihiro Suzuki, Kentaro Kaneko, and Shizuo Fujita. "Fabrication of Corundum-Structured α-(InFe)2O3 Alloy Films on Sapphire Substrates by Inserting α-Fe2O3 Buffer Layer." MRS Proceedings 1494 (2013): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.125.

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ABSTRACTWe successfully fabricated corundum-structured α-(InFe)2O3 alloy films on sapphire substrates by inserting α-Fe2O3 buffer layers. The ion compositions in the α-(In1-xFex)2O3 films, x, were artificially tuned for the entire range from 0 to 1 by changing the ion precursor composition in source solution. Magnetic measurements revealed that the α-(In1-xFex)2O3 (x = 0.13) alloy film showed ferromagnetism at 5 K.
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19

Gavshina, O., S. Yashkina, A. Yashkin, V. Doroganov, and I. Moreva. "STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF PARTICULATE ADDITIVES ON THE SETTING TIME AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT." Construction Materials and Products, June 1, 2020, 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-4-30-37.

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the paper is devoted to a full-scale study of corundum modifying dispersed additives (reactive, tabular, dispersing alumina) and artificial ceramic binder, their impact on high-alumina cement microstructure and setting time. Artificial ceramic binders are characterized by similar chemical, phase and grain composition with modifying corundum additives and characterized by the presence of particles less than 100 nm (up to 0.5%). The studied materials are finely dispersed polyfractional systems from 0.1 to 13 μm with a prevailing grading fraction of 2-10 μm. In this case, dispersing and reactive alumina are more coarse. Using the microscopy method it was established that the corundum additives increase packing density of high-alumina cement samples, especially with artificial ceramic binder addition. Studies of dispersed additives effect on the setting time of cement was conducted. It is established that the adding of artificial ceramic binder or dispersing alumina at 0.5% is speeding up the initial setting, but a further increasing of the additive content does not affect this indicator. The maximum reduction of setting time is caused by the introduction of 5% tabular alumina.
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