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1
Hall, Penelope K. Developmental apraxia of speech: Theory and clinical practice. 2nd ed. Austin, Tex: PRO-ED, 2006.
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2
Hall, Penelope K. Developmental apraxia of speech: Theory and clinical practice. Austin, Tex: Pro-Ed, 1993.
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3
Jackson, Michel Tah Tung. Phonetic theory and cross-linguistic variation in vowel articulation. Los Angeles, Ca: Phonetics Laboratory, Dept. of Linguistics, UCLA, 1988.
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4
Hoffman, Paul R. Children's phonetic disorders: Theory and treatment. Boston: Little Brown, 1989.
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5
Howell, Janet. Treating phonological disorders in children: Metaphon--theory to practice. 2nd ed. London: Whurr Publishsers, 1994.
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6
Dean, Elizabeth, 1953 Nov. 25-, ed. Treating phonological disorders in children: Metaphon, theory to practice. San Diego, Calif: Singular Pub. Group., 1991.
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7
Desideri, Fabrizio, and Giovanni Matteucci, eds. Estetiche della percezione. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-609-9.
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This book is a continuation of the lively debate launched in Dall'oggetto estetico all'oggetto artistico which the same editors published with Firenze University Press. The argument of the book is the organic link connecting the two thematic axes that define the ambit of aesthetics: the theory of perception and reflection on the arts. The apparent tautology of the title is intended to stress how the interpenetration of perception and work of art is structural and organic, thus calling up the theoretical urgency of this problem for an effective understanding of the dynamics of the sense of art as a "symbolic form" in which the relation between the mind and the world is embodied in an exemplary manner. The book is divided into three sections. The first presents nuclei of reflection emerging from unconventional contemporary perspectives. The second addresses various angles of the theory of perception. Finally, the third part explores several cases in which contemporary artists have tackled the link between expressive practice and the articulation of perception.
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Das, Nandini, João Vicente Melo, Lauren Working, and Haig Smith. Keywords of Identity, Race, and Human Mobility in Early Modern England. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463720748.
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What did it mean to be a stranger in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England? How were other nations, cultures, and religions perceived? What happened when individuals moved between languages, countries, religions, and spaces? Keywords of Identity, Race, and Human Mobility analyses a selection of terms that were central to the conceptualisation of identity, race, migration, and transculturality in the early modern period. In many cases, the concepts and debates that they embody – or sometimes subsume – came to play crucial roles in the articulation of identity, rights, and power in subsequent periods. Together, the essays in this volume provide an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the development of these formative issues.
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Franko, Mark. Toward a Choreo-Political Theory of Articulation. Edited by Rebekah J. Kowal, Gerald Siegmund, and Randy Martin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199928187.013.5.
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This chapter discusses the political interpretation of dance from the perspective of the critical and theoretical category of articulation in the political theory of Lefort, Althusser, Laclau, and Mouffe. It proposes the tropes of sovereignty, the individual, and the impersonal to work through the significance of articulation to a theory of the political in dance. As such it is an extension of Franko’s earlier arguments on the co-embededness of the politics and aesthetics of dance toward a theory of the conjunctural. This is not to render political content contingent and hence removed from form but it is to affirm temporalities at work in the way form is perceived to carry political content and ultimately to articulate that content effectively and persuasively. The apparent segregation of dance the political is paradoxically the condition upon which this articulation is reliant.
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S, Yavas Mehmet, ed. Phonological disorders in children: Theory, research, and practice. London: Routledge, 1991.
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11
A, Odora Hoppers Catherine, ed. Indigenous knowledge and the integration of knowledge systems: Towards a philosophy of articulation. Claremont, South Africa: New Africa Books, 2002.
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12
Goodhart, Michael. Political Theory and the Politics of Injustice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190692421.003.0007.
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This chapter tries to show what practical difference it makes if one adopts the approach developed in the foregoing chapters. It focuses on the work that political theory and political theorists might do in support of an effective real-world response to injustice. Much of the conflict around injustice is ideological—it arises from conflicting values, ideas, and interpretations. When an ideology becomes dominant or hegemonic, its key concepts become decontested, making injustice seem natural or normal. To contest this requires a form of counterhegemonic politics, politics designed to challenge the prevailing ideological views and proposing alternative viewpoints. Its success depends on building countervailing power through discursive political engagement, efforts enabled by the work of articulation and translation. The ultimate aim of transformative democratic politics is to establish a reflexive, open-ended, and continual process of repair, renewal, and (re)generation.
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Howell, Janet. Treating phonological disorders in children: Metaphon : theory to practice. Far Communications, 1991.
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14
Hernandez, Rebecca Skreslet. Authority by Articulation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805939.003.0004.
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Chapters 3 and 4 are intended as a bridge between what al-Suyūṭī has to say about himself as part of his efforts to project authority as the leading scholar of his time and what others say about him, including his modern legacy. Although al-Suyūṭī failed to convince many of his contemporaries of his status as a mujtahid and mujaddid (scholar sent at the turn of each century to bring about religious renewal), his articulation of the concepts of ijtihād and tajdīd have proven influential to later scholars seeking to connect their own projects of reform to the classical tradition. Al-Suyūṭī’s contribution to the wider “tajdīd genre” in Islamic thought allowed his vision of ijtihād and tajdīd to break free of the narrow context of his squabbles with other scholars to help shape how others would view these concepts in the future in their own intellectual and social contexts.
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Aradau, Claudia. Articulations of Sovereignty. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.375.
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Sovereignty has been variously understood as the given principle of international relations, an institution, a social construct, a performative discourse subject to historical transformation, or a particular practice of power. The “articulations” of sovereignty refer to sovereignty as a practice that is worked on and in turn works with and against other practices. Alongside territory and supreme authority, sovereignty is characterized by the capacity to make and enforce laws. Sovereignty has also been defined in opposition to rights, as the spatiotemporal limits it instantiates are also the limits of rights. Another conceptualization of sovereignty has been revived in international relations, partly in response to the question of exclusions and limits that sovereign practices enacted. In addition, sovereignty is not inextricably tied up with the state but is articulated with heterogeneous and contradictory discourses and practices that create meaning about the international, and has consequences for the kind of community, politics, and agency that are possible. There are three effects of the logic of sovereignty in the international system: the ordering of the domestic and the international, the spatio-temporal limits to politics, and the exclusions from agency. In addition, there are three renditions of the international as a “thick” social space: those of globalization theories, of biopolitics, and of empire.
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Articulating Changes: Preliminary notes to a theory for Feldenkrais. Berkeley: Feldenkrais Resources, 1990.
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17
Tzohar, Roy. Conversing with a Buddha. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664398.003.0007.
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This chapter explores the broader epistemic ramifications of the Yogācāra theory of meaning and metaphor. It points out features that this theory shares with contemporary analytical causal theories of reference—especially the solution that they offer to the problem of incommensurability. The text presents the Yogācāra understanding of this problem, notably in Sthiramati’s Triṃśikābhāṣya (TriṃśBh) and Asaṅga’s Mahāyānasaṃgraha (MS), and examines how Sthiramati’s figurative theory of meaning addresses it. The conclusion points out deep structural affinities between the Yogācāra understanding of linguistic meaning and its understanding of experience, particularly of intersubjective experiences of the external word. This allows an identification and articulation of several fundamental themes that run through Yogācāra thought in general, and through the school’s conception of meaning in particular, implying a broadly conceived theory of meaning that is not merely linguistic, but also perceptual.
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Rumph, Stephen. Topical Figurae. Edited by Danuta Mirka. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199841578.013.019.
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Musical topics have invited comparison with language ever since Leonard Ratner adopted the rhetorical termtopos. Yet topic theory has not addressed the “double articulation” of language: while words function as meaningful signs, they are articulated by meaningless elements, what Louis Hjelmslev referred to collectively as “figurae.” This chapter develops an analogous theory of topical figurae, structural features that articulate multiple topics but do not themselves signify topically, adapting concepts from phonology (deletion, markedness, assimilation, neutralization). The musical analyses explore both the semantic and syntactic implications of topical figurae, focusing on Beethoven’s “Eroica” Symphony and Mozart’s Piano Sonata in F major, K. 332. Embedded equally in the musical structure and the topical code, figurae bridge the gap between formal analysis and cultural hermeneutics and can lead to a more holistic understanding of topical meaning.
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Lee, Hyo-Dong. Ren and Causal Efficacy: Confucians and Whitehead on the Social Role of Symbolism. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429566.003.0007.
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Confucians in East Asia have always dreamed of holding human communities together and constructing well-functioning polities in and through the binding and harmonizing power of rituals. Underlying their trust in the power of rituals is the notion that rituals constitute symbolic articulation and enchancement of our affective responses to the conditions of embodied relationality and historicity in which we always already find ourselves. This Confucian theory of rituals resonates with Whitehead’s theory of symbolism, insofar as the latter advances a primordially relational ontology of the subject by highlighting the hitherto neglected epistemological notion of perception in the mode of causal efficacy. As such, the Confucian theory of rituals offers a fresh cross-cultural perspective to understand Whitehead’s implied critique of the modern liberal social theories that are based on a view of human beings as atomized individuals who rationally consent to enter society.
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McGovern, Nathan. The Brahman as the Head of a Household. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190640798.003.0005.
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This chapter, complementing the previous one, examines the articulation of Brahman identity that understood the Brahman to be a non-celibate householder, namely, that found in the Dharma Sūtras. It shows that the Dharma Sūtras were not simply intra-Brahmanical texts, but rather polemical texts articulating a particular, non-celibate vision of Brahmanical identity. They did so first by using for the first time a fully explicit statement of the varṇa system to divorce brahmacarya (celibacy) from Brahmanhood and restrict it to their own group. Then, they used the āśrama system to taxonomize all forms of religious practice in their day, so as to reject all those that did not produce children.
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Alshanetsky, Eli. Articulating a Thought. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785880.001.0001.
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The book examines how we make our thoughts clear to ourselves in the process of putting them into words. As philosophers and cognitive scientists have emphasized, articulating a thought can be astoundingly easy. We generally have no trouble expressing complex ideas that we have never considered before. But not always: a far less noted fact is that articulating a thought can sometimes be extremely hard. Our difficulties in articulating thoughts pervade many aspects of philosophical inquiry as well as many ordinary situations. We may face them in articulating an objection in a seminar, an insight into a movie, or a sudden realization about a friend. An important feature of these thoughts is that we often articulate them in order to find out what they are. In many cases, we would not bother articulating our thoughts if we already had this knowledge. Yet, when we find the right words, we can often immediately tell that they express our thought. So how do we manage to recognize the formulations of our thoughts, in the absence of prior knowledge of what we are thinking? And why is it that producing a public language formulation contributes in any way to the private undertaking of getting clear on our own thoughts?
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Richardson, Henry. Articulating the Moral Community. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190247744.001.0001.
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As this highly original work explains, morality is not fixed objectively, independently of all human judgment, nor is it something that we “invent.” Rather, working within zones of objective indeterminacy, the moral community—the community of all persons—has the authority to introduce new moral norms. These further specify the preexisting moral norms, making an objective difference to individuals’ moral rights and duties. The moral community, so-called, could not exercise authority unless it had some structure whereby it could act. Unlike political communities, which are centralized, noninclusive, and backed by coercion, the moral community is decentralized and inclusive. Its structure depends upon dyadic duties—ones that one individual owes to another. Such duties, the book argues, empower efforts by individuals to work out intelligently with one another how to respond to morally important concerns. The innovative moral input that these efforts can provide is initially authoritative only over the parties involved. Yet when such innovations gain sufficient uptake and have been reflectively accepted by the moral community, they become new moral norms. This account of the moral community’s moral authority is motivated by, and supports, a type of normative ethical theory, constructive ethical pragmatism (CEP), which rejects the consequentialist claim that rightness is to be defined as a function of goodness and the deontological claim that principles of right are fixed independently of the good. Rather, it holds instead that what we ought to do is fixed by our continuing efforts to specify the right and the good in light of each other.
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Jarjour, Tala. Chant as the Articulation of Christian Aramean Spirithood. Edited by Jonathan Dueck and Suzel Ana Reily. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859993.013.35.
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For Urfalli Suryanis, an ethno-religious migrant community from Turkish Urfa/Edessa, chant is of paramount importance. Using Syriac, the fugitive Christians who escaped post-WWI persecution continue to practise this ancient oral musical tradition in their new home in Syria. This minority group has a communally agreed conception of identity that should be understood in its proper set of terms. Their conception of Suryaniness may best be seen through particular chants from the Edessan school of Syriac chant they practice in St. George’s Syrian Orthodox Church of Aleppo. Focusing on an example from Great Lent, this chapter traces the local terms of an Urfalli Suryaniness that is believed, lived, constructed, and performed, around a unique blessing. The chapter contextualizes expressions of Suryaniness in the local terms of being and belonging, where the Suryani ideal is manifested in the combination of demographic existence and a performative reconstructive process that relates to faith, place, time, history, memory, and language.
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Hayward, Rhodri. Medicine and the Mind. Edited by Mark Jackson. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199546497.013.0029.
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History maintains an ambiguous role with regard to the mind sciences. It can be used to demonstrate the universality of psychological characteristics, capacities, and illnesses or it can serve to demonstrate their relative bases by revealing the implicit assumptions that guide modern research as well as the specific configurations of theory, practice, and technology that allowed the mind sciences to emerge and their subject-matter to be articulated. This article embraces this second approach. It outlines four broad constructions of the psyche — the inscribable, the historical, the adaptable, and the statistical — and shows how their articulation has made possible new kinds of self-understanding and social interaction. It also makes broad claims for the universal basis of psychological phenomena. This discussion focuses on the specific conceptions of mental medicine that have emerged in Europe and North America since the end of the eighteenth century. This psychological language makes possible our modern experience of mind, self, and mental illness.
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Martin, Michael T. New Latin American Cinema: Theory, Practices and Transcontinental Articulations (Contemporary Film and Television Series). Wayne State University Press, 1997.
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26
New Latin American Cinema: Theory, Practices and Transcontinental Articulations (Contemporary Film and Television Series). Wayne State University Press, 1997.
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27
George, Alain, and Andrew Marsham, eds. Power, Patronage, and Memory in Early Islam. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498931.001.0001.
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The Umayyads, the first Islamic dynasty, ruled over the largest empire that the world had seen, stretching from Spain in the west to the Indus Valley and Central Asia in the east. They played a crucial rule in the articulation of the new religion of Islam during the seventh and eighth centuries, shaping its public face, artistic expressions, and the state apparatus that sustained it. The present volume brings together a collection of essays that bring new light to this crucial period of world history, with a focus on the ways in which Umayyad elites fashioned and projected their image and how these articulations, in turn, mirrored their times. These themes are approached through a wide variety of sources, from texts through art and archaeology to architecture, with new considerations of old questions and fresh material evidence that make the intersections and resonances between different fields of historical study come alive.
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Gugerty, Mary Kay, and Dean Karlan. The Theory of Change. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199366088.003.0003.
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Before beginning to monitor programs or evaluate their impact, organizations need to ensure that they have a sound theory of change to guide their work. A theory of change is a conceptual map of a program; this chapter explains how articulating a theory of change helps organizations decide what elements of their programs they should monitor and measure. The chapter outlines each step necessary for creating a theory of change, from defining the problem a program seeks to address to identifying possible unintended consequences of program implementation. It then illustrates the process of crafting a theory of change through the example of Nutrition for All, a hypothetical development organization dedicated to reducing child malnutrition.
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Brewer, Talbot. Acknowledging Others. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828310.003.0002.
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It is widely affirmed that human beings have irreplaceable valuable, and that we owe it to them to treat them accordingly. Many theorists have been drawn to Kantianism because they think that it alone can capture this intuition. One aim of this paper is to show that this is a mistake, and that Kantianism cannot provide an independent rational vindication, nor even a fully illuminating articulation, of irreplaceability. A further aim is to outline a broadly Aristotelian view that provides a more fitting theoretical framework for this appealing conception of human value. The critique of Kantianism is extended to contemporary theorists with a broadly Kantian orientation. The paper closes with an outline of a virtue-theoretic ethical theory that follows Aquinas in taking love to be a master virtue—one that refines the other virtues so as to provide a continuous practical sensitivity to the irreplaceable value of fellow human beings.
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Silva, André Costa Aciole da. Facetas da história: Reflexões sobre práticas e representações na antiguidade e medievo. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-243-8.
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The reflections on teacher training must be articulated with themes that go through the process of building teacher researchers. In our degree in History in IFG campus Goiânia, we have endeavored to constitute practices that are capable of collaborating with the construction of the teaching identity linked to research. In this sense, the research presented here demonstrates the importance of the articulation between academic research and the professional field for the construction of teachers. We propose, in this work, to present an accentuated scope of reflections from the researchers who completed their training process at the institution as well as from the researchers (students and professor) who still remain at the institution. The themes and space-time cuts presented here have a great variety. They go from the Ancient world to the Modern Age, go through the History of medicine and the History of education, treat food as medicament and vomit as a therapeutic practice. Anyway, it is a work that has placed everyone (teacher, undergraduate and graduate students) to actively exercise the relationship between theory, research and professional teaching practice.
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van der Hulst, Harry. Asymmetries in Vowel Harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.001.0001.
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This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back articulation. Vowel harmony occurs in the majority of languages of the world, though only in very few European languages, and has been a central concern in phonological theory for many years. In this volume, Harry van der Hulst puts forward a new theory of vowel harmony, which accounts for the patterns of and exceptions to this phenomenon in the widest range of languages ever considered. The book begins with an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. The two following chapters provide a detailed account of a new theory of vowel harmony based on unary elements and licensing, which is embedded in a general dependency-based theory of phonological structure. In the remaining chapters, this theory is applied to a variety of vowel harmony phenomena from typologically diverse languages, including palatal harmony in languages such as Finnish and Hungarian, labial harmony in Turkic languages, and tongue root systems in Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Tungusic languages.
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Stuart, Susan A. J. Feeling Our Way. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210465.003.0003.
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Every action, touch, utterance, and look, every listening, taste, smell, and feel is a living question. But it is no ordinary propositional one-by-one question, rather it is a plenisentient sensing and probing non-propositional enquiry about how our world is and how we anticipate its becoming. Using the notion of enkinaesthesia, this paper explores the ways in which an agent’s affectively saturated coengagement with its world establishes patterns of co-articulation of meaning within the anticipatory affective dynamics and the experiential entanglement necessary for expedient action and adaptation. An amplification and extension of the claims made by the most radical of the embodied mind theories transcends minimalist notions of embodiment and yields a new wave of embodiment theory. This suggests an immanent intercorporeality where the living being of other agents is experienced by us directly, without cognitive mediation.
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Hedley, Douglas. S. T. Coleridge’s Contemplative Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799511.003.0014.
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Chapter 13 takes as its theme the deep roots in the Platonic tradition of Coleridge’s view of contemplation as the experience of nóēsis, for Plato the highest form of epistēmē, being the knowledge of ‘Ideas’ beyond diánoia (discursive and conceptual understanding). Coleridge’s theory of the symbol only makes sense within this metaphysical-theological context. Plotinus’s decisive contribution within Coleridge’s metaphysics is often overlooked. Contemplation, for Plotinus, is connected to Gift. Contemplation is always a return to the ‘Giving’ of the One (rooted in Plato’s ‘unbegrudging’ Goodness of the demiurge, Timaeus 29), and this process of gift and return is mirrored throughout different levels of reality. Like the Cambridge Platonists before him, Coleridge furnished this contemplative return with a Trinitarian articulation. Coleridge’s own contemplative theology is especially inspired by the revival of neo-Platonism in German idealism.
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Eriksson Baaz, Maria, and Maria Stern. Knowing Masculinities in Armed Conflict? Edited by Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, Naomi Cahn, Dina Francesca Haynes, and Nahla Valji. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199300983.013.42.
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Drawing on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork with members of the Congolese military, this chapter explores conceptions of militarized masculinity, particularly in the context of sexual violence perpetrated by Congolese government forces during the protracted conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The chapter opens with a review of the feminist research regarding the interconnectedness of gender, militarization, and war, comparing these theories with the conceptions of masculinity articulated by Congolese soldiers. While portions of the interviews were consistent with prevailing research framings, the chapter documents various points of dissonance. These include differences in the articulation of what characteristics make one a “good soldier”; the recurring articulations of vulnerability and failure; and a perception of rape as the action of an emasculated man. The chapter concludes with the authors’ reflection on their experience carrying out their research and the ethics of research in a post-colonial context.
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Fountain, Philip. Creedal Monologism and Theological Articulation in the Mennonite Central Committee. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190652807.003.0011.
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This chapter presents an ethnography of Christian theology. It does so by examining theological articulation in and through the creedal form. Creeds may be taken as an archetypal monologic mode of expression due to their monovocal presentation of standardized, non-debatable claims. Through close attention to how and why creeds are created it is possible to examination the contours and operations of the monological imagination. Drawing on fieldwork and archival research, this chapter explores the creedal articulation, as well as instances of disarticulation, within two North American Anabaptist service organizations, namely the Mennonite Central Committee and Christian Aid Ministries. Their differing strategies of theological articulation illuminate the uses and limits of monological discourse.
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de Cleen, Benjamin. Populism and Nationalism. Edited by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.18.
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This chapter disentangles the concepts of populism and nationalism to shed light on how populism and nationalism have been combined in populist politics. Drawing on Essex-style discourse theory, it defines nationalism as a discourse structured around “the nation,” envisaged as a limited and sovereign community that exists through time and is tied to a certain space, and that is constructed through an in/out (member/non-member) opposition. Populism, by contrast, is structured around a down/up antagonism between “the people” as a large powerless group and “the elite” as a small and illegitimately powerful group, with populists claiming to represent “the people.” The chapter uses this theoretical distinction to analyse the intricate empirical connections between populism and nationalism. It pays particular attention to the articulation of exclusionary nationalism and populism in populist radical right politics, populist ways of formulating demands for national sovereignty, and the possibilities and limitations of a transnational populism.
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Skoda, Hannah. People as Property in Medieval Dubrovnik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813415.003.0010.
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This article addresses a particularly troubling form of property: slavery in fifteenth-century Dubrovnik. The practice of slavery depended upon law: its articulation lay at the intersection of the Roman law of the ius commune, canon law, local customary and statute law, and natural law. The texture of these different legalistic frameworks provided ways of articulating the problems, discursive and ethical, of treating people as property. The essay explores these tensions by looking at slave contracts, and practices of manumission: slaves could purchase their freedom with their own property (peculium). Both manumission and peculium were inflected by favor libertatis, the acknowledgement that the rigidity of law was a problematic way to deal with people. Further tensions are explored in the context of the criminal liability of slaves. Finally, the essay turns to the range of contracts from outright slavery to indentured labour, and asks how this spectrum problematizes concepts of property.
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Nockles, Peter B. The Oxford Movement. Edited by Frederick D. Aquino and Benjamin J. King. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198718284.013.1.
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Although the extent of his role has been contested, Newman has been generally regarded as the leader of the so-called Oxford or Tractarian Movement. Some of his former followers and disciples who did not follow him to Rome in 1845, sensitive to what they regarded as the damage his conversion did to the Movement’s cause, retrospectively downplayed his central contribution. Newman’s Apologia (1864) has been criticized for both enshrining and encouraging a tendency among some of his followers to view its history through his eyes. Newman, however, never meant his Apologia to be a standard account of the history of the Movement but only of his personal religious biography. This chapter examines and analyses Newman’s unique place within the history of the Oxford Movement, through the Tracts for the Times and his other ‘Tractarian’ publications. It shows his abandonment of his theory of the ‘Via Media’, the reaction to Tract 90, and his articulation of a doctrine of development all paved the way for the denouement of 1845. Newman’s secession, however, did not mark the final end of the Oxford Movement but only the culmination of a phase in its longer history.
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Hughes, Aaron. Shared Identities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190684464.001.0001.
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This controversial study breaks with received opinion that imagines two distinct religions, Judaism and Islam, interacting in the centuries immediately following the death of Muhammad in the early seventh century. Tradition describes these relations using the trope of “symbiosis.” This book instead argues that various porous groups—neither fully Muslim nor Jewish—exploited a shared terminology to make sense of their social worlds in response to the rapid process of Islamicization. What emerged as normative rabbinic Judaism, and Sunni and Shiʿi Islam were ultimately responses to such marginal groups. Even the development and spread of rabbinic Judaism, especially in the hands of Saadya Gaon (882–942 CE), was articulated Islamically. The emergence of the so-called golden age in places such as Muslim Spain and North Africa continued to see the articulation of this “Islamic” Judaism in the writings of luminaires such as Bahya ibn Paquda, Abraham ibn Ezra, Judah Halevi, and Moses Maimonides. Drawing on social theory, comparative religion, and original sources, this book presents a compelling case for rewriting our understanding of Jews and Muslims in their earliest centuries of interaction. Not content to remain solely in the past, however, it also examines the continued interaction of Muslims and Jews, now reimagined as Palestinians and Israelis, into the present.
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Williams, Donald C. The Elements and Patterns of Being. Edited by A. R. J. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810384.001.0001.
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This book collects six influential articles and six previously unpublished essays in metaphysics by Donald C. Williams. The first chapter is a defense of metaphysics. The second chapter is the classic statement of the ontology of abstract particulars or tropes. The third and fourth chapters expound a realist theory of universals based on trope ontology. The fifth is a systematic presentation of actualism—the view that the world is a four-dimensional manifold of actual ‘qualitied contents’. The sixth is an articulation of an objectivist account of necessity and possibility, given actualism and trope ontology. The seventh dispenses with existence because existence is merely the sum of actual existents, as per actualism. Chapters 8–12 expound the four-dimensionalist metaphysics of time in connection with the problems of determinism, fatalism, future contingents, the passage of time, time’s arrow, and time travel. These essays, as ordered by the editor, convey for the first time the systematic vision of Williams’s metaphysics. This book comes with an informative Introduction to the major aspects of Williams’s metaphysics in its historical context.
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Martínez-Camacho, Nelly Yureima, Fredy Ramón Garay Garay, Laura Amelia López Hernández, Francisco Niño Rojas, Wilson Pico Sánchez, and Margarita Rosa Rendon Fernández. Estrategia universitaria interinstitucional de acompañamiento académico. Editorial Universidad Católica de Colombia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14718/9789585133334.2020.
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This book is the result of the inter-institutional research project carried out by the Catholic University of Colombia and the University of La Salle. It presents an inter-institutional proposal for the improvement of tutorials as an academic support strategy for the tutoring programs in the areas of Mathematics and Chemistry of both universities. For achieving this, during a period of five years, a mixed research methodology was used. It began with the characterization of the programs based on the review of different documents, as well as the institutional results, and the articulation of these with the theory that founded them. It was found that the two departments of Basic Sciences have understood the tutoring sessions as a space for academic accompaniment in which they seek to improve the academic performance of students, and this as an indicator of learning. This support has been categorized, in both cases, by promoting actions related to the creation of a culture of autonomous work in students and one of participation from teachers. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was carried out between the implemented strategies. And, finally, the incidence of the academic accompaniment strategies was evaluated from the perspective analysis of the academic community.
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Sharoni, Simona. Conflict Resolution: Feminist Perspectives. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.130.
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The academic study of conflict resolution was born as as a critique of mainstream International Relations (IR), which explains why feminist theory and conflict resolution share many things in common. For example, both feminists and conflict resolution scholars challenge traditional power politics grounded in realist or neorealists analyses of conflict. They also share the core belief that war is not inevitable and that human beings have the capacity to resolve conflicts through nonviolent means. In the past two decades, with the expansion of feminist scholarship in IR, feminist interventions in conflict resolution have gained more currency. This essay reviews feminist scholarship in conflict resolution, with particular emphasis on five elements: critiques of the absence and/or marginalization of women in the field and an effort to include women and to make women visible and heard; articulation of a unique feminist standpoint for approaching peacemaking and conflict resolution, which is essentially different to, and qualitatively better than, mainstream (or male-stream) perspectives; feminist theorization of difference in conflict resolution theory and practice (challenges to essentialism, intersections, power and privilege, culture); feminist redefinition of central concepts in the field, especially violence, power, peace, and security; and original feminist research and theorizing, including field research in conflict areas, designed to transform rather than just reform the field. This essay argues that in order to further expand and institutionalize conflict resolution studies, mainstream scholars must be willing to engage seriously the contributions and critiques of feminists.
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White, Bretton. Staging Discomfort. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401544.001.0001.
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Staging Discomfort examines how queer bodies are theatrically represented on the Cuban stage in order to re-evaluate the role of categorization as one of the state’s primary revolutionary tools. These performances concentrate on an aesthetics of fluidity, and thus upset traditional understandings of performer and spectator, and what constitutes the ideal Cuban citizenry. New affective modes are produced when performing bodies highlight—often in uncomfortably intimate, grotesque, or raw ways—the unavoidability of spectators’ bodies, and their capacity for queerness. Here the imagining of new continuities and subjectivities can lead to a reconfiguration of forms of Cuban citizenship. The affective responses from the closeness experienced in the performances in Staging Discomfort are challenges to the Cuban state’s self-designated role as primary provider for the needs of its citizens’ bodies. Through the lens of queer theory, the manuscript explores the body’s centrality to the state’s deployment of fear to successfully marginalize gay life, which this group of works seeks to defuse through an articulation of intimacies, shame, the death drive, cruising, and failure. These affective experiences shape Cuban subjectivities that emerge out of queerness, but whose focus on inclusivity necessarily involves all Cubans. Several of the central questions that guide Staging Discomfort are: How is Cuban theater agile in its critiques considering the state’s limitations on expression? How do queer performances allow for new understandings about the effects of the state’s failing socialist utopian contract with its citizens? And, can Cuban bodies that come together in queer ways re-imagine Cuban citizenship?
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Lewis, David M. Ownership and the Articulation of Slave Status in Greek and Near Eastern Legal Practice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198769941.003.0002.
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This chapter reviews the various approaches scholars have taken to defining slavery in a global perspective. It proceeds to set out a legal methodology for understanding slave status in comparative perspective. It engages with several critiques of this approach, showing how they are misplaced and reaffirming the importance of legal ownership to the definition of slavery. Two case studies are provided to give empirical confirmation of this theoretical approach, showing how this legal methodology aligns with slaving practices in Athens and Babylonia. It finishes with some general remarks on the importance of observing sociolegal practices empirically rather than beginning and ending with abstract definitions and formal statutes.
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Kantor, Georgy, Tom Lambert, and Hannah Skoda, eds. Legalism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813415.001.0001.
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In this volume, ownership is defined as the simple fact of being able to describe something as ‘mine’ or ‘yours’, and property is distinguished as the discursive field which allows the articulation of attendant rights, relationships and obligations. Property is often articulated through legalism as way of thinking which appeals to rules and to generalising concepts as a way of understanding, responding to, and managing the world around one. An Aristotelian perspective suggests that ownership is the natural state of things and a prerequisite of a true sense of self. An alternative perspective from legal theory puts law at the heart of the origins of property. However, both these points of view are problematic in a wider context, the latter because it rests heavily on Roman law. Anthropological and historical studies enable us to interrogate these assumptions. The articles here, ranging from Roman provinces to modern-day piracy in Somalia, address questions such as: How are legal property regimes intertwined with economic, moral-ethical, and political prerogatives? How far do the assumptions of western philosophical tradition explain property and ownership in other societies? Is the ‘bundle of rights’ a useful way to think about property? How does legalism negotiate property relationships and interests between communities and individuals? How does the legalism of property respond to the temporalities and materialities of the objects owned? How are property regimes managed by states, and what kinds of conflicts are thus generated?
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Strecker, Amy. Landscape Protection in International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826248.001.0001.
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This book explores the various avenues—institutional, substantive, and procedural—for the protection of landscape in international law. Since the inclusion of ‘cultural landscapes’ within the scope of the UNESCO World Heritage Convention in 1992, landscape has gained increasing importance at the international level. ‘Cultural landscapes’ were intended to give recognition to the intangible and associative values attached to certain landscapes, to sustainable agricultural practices, and to ‘people and communities’—essentially the human dimension of landscape. This shift came full circle with the adoption of the European Landscape Convention (ELC) in 2000. The European Landscape Convention conceives of landscape above all as a people’s landscape and accordingly, provides for the active participation of the public in the formulation of plans and polices. It not only focuses on outstanding landscapes, but also on the everyday and degraded landscapes where most people live and work. This brings ‘landscape’ back to its early etymological origins—when it corresponded to a close up, human perspective—and has a number of implications for human rights, democracy, and spatial justice. How does international law, which deals for the most part with universality, deal with something so region-specific and particular as landscape? What is the legal conception of landscape and what are the various roles played by international law in its protection? This book assesses the institutional framework for landscape protection, analyses the interplay between landscape and human rights, and links the etymology and theory of landscape with its articulation in law.
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Ritzinger, Justin R. Disorienting Frameworks. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491161.003.0003.
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This chapter offers a close reading of Taixu’s anarchist essays. Published in the journals of the Chinese Socialist Party and the Socialist Party, these pieces were not included in the posthumously edited Complete Works and thus have been largely lost to scholars. The chapter argues that we find in these essays a series of shifting articulations of the moral frameworks that would animate Taixu’s Maitreyan theology: revolutionary utopia and Buddhahood. These articulations shift among three different approaches: economic-materialist, sociocultural, and existential-metaphysical. Yet they display a consistent concern with Datong, or utopia; the means by which it can be brought about; and the knowledge that makes this transformation possible.
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Halvorson, Hans, and Dimitris Tsementzis. Categories of Scientific Theories. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198748991.003.0017.
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We discuss ways in which category theory might be useful in philosophy of science, in particular for articulating the structure of scientific theories. We argue, moreover, that a categorical approach transcends the syntax–semantics dichotomy in twentieth century analytic philosophy of science.
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Fortin, Katharine. Armed Groups and Customary International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808381.003.0011.
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Chapter 11 analyses arguments that armed groups are bound by human rights law by virtue of customary international law. In doing so, the chapter draws together theories that have been explored in Chapters 7 and 9 about the relevance of territory to the acquisition of legal obligations. The chapter starts by examining the debates about how customary international human rights law binding upon armed groups should be constituted, finding that it will be formed through State practice and opinio juris. It ends by examining different articulations of the theory that armed groups are bound by customary international law by accountability mechanisms, evaluating their credence and making suggestions for their improvement.
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Davage, William. The Congress Movement. Edited by Stewart J. Brown, Peter Nockles, and James Pereiro. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199580187.013.41.
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In this chapter the author explores the origin of the Anglo-Catholic Congress Movement, the Congresses held in the 1920s and 1930s and their impact on the Catholic Revival, and the amalgamation of the Congress Movement and the English Church Union. The chapter argues that the Congresses marked the high-water mark of the Catholic Revival and formed the most substantial articulation of the Catholic Revival. However, within that conspectus there could also be discerned the shaping of different understandings of the Movement, which would lead to divisions within the Catholic Movement and its loss of influence in the late twentieth century.