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1
Gomes, Thiago Pallin. "Articaína com hialuronidase em infiltração bucal em primeiro molar inferior." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-11092012-131126/.
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O índice de sucesso em anestesia infiltrativa em molar inferior é muito baixo, o que justifica a técnica de bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior mesmo essa sendo mais dolorida. Recentes estudos demonstraram que a anestesia infiltrativa com articaína apresentou maior índice de sucesso do que com a lidocaína, porém, ainda não foi possível evitar falha anestésica. Para aumentar o índice de sucesso dessa técnica vislumbra-se a utilização da enzima hialuronidase como fator de difusão do anestésico local e aumentar a eficácia clínica. O estudo avaliou se a hialuronidase à 150 UTR injetada imediatamente após a articaína infiltrativa em primeiro molar inferior seria capaz de prolongar a duração da anestesia local (AL) na polpa e na gengiva, reduzir a latência de ação, aumentar o seu índice de sucesso anestésico e se o uso da H aumenta a dor do local. Participaram 28 pacientes ASA I e II que apresentavam necessidade de restauração em 2 primeiros molares inferiores. Estes foram alocados em 2 grupos: (1º) 28 pacientes receberam anestesia com articaína 4% associada à epinefrina em seguida era injetada H 150 UTR/ml. (2º) Idêntico ao primeiro grupo, porém utilizando placebo (solvente da hialuronidase) de forma duplo-cego e boca dividida. A latência e a duração na polpa foram avaliadas com estímulo elétrico na face vestibular do primeiro molar inferior, a cada 2 e 10 min, respectivamente. Para gengiva vestibular, utilizou-se estímulo mecânico (picada). Para análise do índice de dor utilizou-se escala numérica de dor (1 a 5) em 3 tempos analisados. A presença da hialuronidase não melhorou o índice de sucesso, não diminuiu o tempo de latência gengival, não aumentou a duração de ação pulpar nem a gengival e não aumentou os níveis de dor, mas houve diminuição da latência gengival do grupo H 150 se comparado a todos os demais. Nas condições experimentais, esta concentração de H não melhora a eficácia clínica.The success rate in infiltrative anesthesia in lower molar is very low, which explains the technique of inferior alveolar nerve block even this is more painful. Recent studies have shown that infiltrative anesthesia with articaine had a higher success rate than with lidocaine, however, has not been possible to avoid failure of anesthesia. To increase the success rate of this technique envisages the use of the enzyme hyaluronidase as a factor of local anesthetic spread and increase clinical efficacy. The study evaluated whether the 150 TRU/ml to hyaluronidase injected immediately after articaine infiltration in the first molar would be able to prolong the duration of local anesthesia (LA) in the pulp and gums and reduce latency of action, increase your success rate of anesthetic and the use of H increases the pain site. Participated in 28 ASA I and II patients who had need of restoration in two mandibular first molars. These were divided into 2 groups: (1) 28 patients received anesthesia with 4% articaine associated with epinephrine was then injected H 150 TRU/ml. (2) Same as the first group, but using placebo (hyaluronidase solvent) in a double-blind, split-mouth. The latency and duration of the pulp electrical stimulation were evaluated on the buccal of the mandibular first molar, every 2 and 10 min, respectively. For vestibular gingiva, we used mechanical stimulation (pinprick). To analyze the level of pain was used numeric pain scale (1-5) at 3 times analyzed. The presence of hyaluronidase didnt improve the success rate was not reduced latency time gum didnt increase the duration of action or the pulp and gum didnt increase levels of pain, but there was reduced latency gum group compared to H 150 all others. Under the experimental conditions, this concentration of H not improved clinical efficacy.
2
Fonseca, Clarissa Ribeiro. "Avaliação dos níveis glicêmicos, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e analgesia pós-operatória em diabéticos não insulino dependentes com uso de articaína 4% com epinefrina (1:100.000 e 1:200.000) em cirurgias periodontais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-08092014-161245/.
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Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações hemodinâmicas e do nível de glicemia decorrentes do uso do anestésico local articaína a 4% com epinefrina nas concentrações 1:100.000 (A100) e 1:200.000 (A200) em cirurgias periodontais na maxila, realizadas em diabéticos. Em relação aos anestésicos, foram avaliados: tempo de início de ação, duração da anestesia sobre os tecidos mole, analgesia pós-operatória, sangramento trans-operatório, qualidade da cicatrização, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e glicemia medidos durante as cirurgias. Para isso, 18 voluntários com idades entre 40 e 65 anos foram selecionados. Destes, 10 não apresentavam alterações sistêmicas (não diabéticos-não DM), enquanto 8 eram portadores de diabetes mellitus não insulinodependentes (DM), todos com condições periodontais semelhantes. Foram submetidos a cirurgias periodontais bilateralmente na região da maxila sob anestesia local com A100 e A200, de forma duplo-cega, randomizada e cruzada. O tempo cirúrgico foi semelhante para todos os grupos, e A100 e A200 mostraram-se igualmente eficazes para cirurgias periodontais. Foi utilizada quantidade idêntica de ambos anestésicos em todas as cirurgias (1 tubete; 1,8ml), o tempo cirúrgico foi semelhante em todos os procedimentos. O tempo de inicio de ação foi similar para todos, independentemente da concentração de epinefrina ou presença de diabetes. O tempo de duração da anestesia foi significativamente maior para os DM, sem haver correlação com a concentração de epinefrina. O sangramento trans-operatório foi significativamente maior nos pacientes diabéticos apenas na fase de incisão com A200. Nas demais fases, o sangramento foi muito semelhante entre DM e Não DM. A analgesia pós-operatória foi considerada excelente, refletindo na baixa ingestão de analgésicos (paracetamol), especialmente pelo grupo DM, independentemente da concentração de epinefrina. Quanto à cicatrização, não houve diferença entre os grupos. As mudanças transitórias nos parâmetros hemodinâmicos (frequência cardíaca-FC; pressão arterial-PA) tiveram pouco significado clínico, apesar de os diabéticos apresentarem certa tendência a elevação na PA nas fases de incisão e debridamento. Os diabéticos não apresentaram elevação da glicemia ao longo das fases cirúrgicas, independente da concentração de epinefrina presente na solução anestésica, ao passo que os não diabéticos mostraram que a maior concentração de epinefrina resulta num maior tempo para a normalização dos níveis glicêmicos. Concluindo, tais resultados mostram que A100 e A200 são equieficazes para a realização de cirurgias periodontais. Sendo assim, a utilização de anestésico com menor concentração de epinefrina (1:200.000) parece ser a melhor escolha para os indivíduos portadores de alterações sistêmicas como os diabéticos.The present study compared the effect of articaine 4% associated with epinephrine in two different concentrations, 1:100.000(A100) and 1:200.000(A200), in periodontal surgeries performed in diabetic patients. We analyze hemodynamic parameters, blood glucose concentration, onset and duration of anesthetic action on soft tissues, intraoperative bleeding and wound healing. Eighteen volunteers, age range 40 to 65 years, with similar periodontal disease and conditions, were separate in two groups, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM, 8 volunteers) or with no diabetes mellitus (Non DM, 10 volunteers). They´re submitted to a matched bilateral periodontal surgery in maxilla, under local anesthesia with either A100 or A200, in a double blind, randomized, crossed manner. The duration of surgery was the same for all groups, with A100 and A200 being equally effective for periodontal surgeries. Identical volumes of both anesthetic solutions were used (1 cartridge:1,8ml) in all surgeries. The anesthetic latency was similar in diabetics or non-diabetics for both epinephrine concentration. In diabetic patients the anesthetic duration was increased regardless the epinephrine concentration. Intraoperative bleeding only increased in diabetic patients with A200 during incision phase. The duration of postoperative analgesia was excellent, reflecting by a low intake of postoperative medications (paracetamol). Wound healing was relatively normal for all volunteers regardless the local anesthetic employed or presence of diabetes. The transient changes in blood pressure or hart hate were not clinically significant but the diabetic patients have some tendency to increase their blood pressure in some surgical phases. In diabetic subjects, blood glucose have no increase throughout surgical phases, regardless the epinephrine concentration present in the anesthetic solution, but the Non DM presents a prolonged time for normalize their blood glucose after A100. In conclusion, this study demonstrate that epinephrine concentration (1:100.000 or 1:200.000) in articaine 4% solution have the same efficacy for periodontal surgeries. Therefore, the formulation with a lower vasoconstrictor concentration (A200) seems to be the more adequate choice for patients with systemic diseases like diabetes.
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Smolarek, Priscila de Camargo. "ENSAIO CLÍNICO COMPARATIVO DA EFICÁCIA ANESTÉSICA DA ARTICAÍNA E MEPIVACAÍNA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2016. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1716.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-18Local anesthetics are drugs widely used by dentists. The objective of this doubleblind, crossover clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of articaine 4% (Ar4) compared to mepivacaine 2% (Me2) both associated with epinephrine 1: 100,000. The local anesthetics were applied to sound soft tissue (lower lip mucosa) in a model without surgical trauma. After sample size calculation, 72 healthy volunteers were randomly divided in two groups that received local anesthesia with Ar4 and Me2. A initial evaluation was performed to identify the physiological profiles of the volunteers. Then, they were blindfolded and subjected to baseline tests for sensitivity (A-alpha fibers A - beta, A - delta and fiber type C) and vascularization of the lower lip. Computerized anesthesia was subsequently performed. A total volume of 0.3 ml of anesthetic was injected in the central region of the lower lip. Pain during anesthesia was evaluated through the visual analogue scale (VAS). At different periods after anesthesia (3, 10, 20 and 30 min), all the tests were repeated. In addition to that, the diameter of the anaesthetized area was measured in mm, the residual effect of the anesthesia was assessed with the VAS (after 30, 40, 50 and 60 min), and the anesthesia recovery time in minutes (a self-assessment record). After 7 days, the cross-over was performed and the entire sequence of the tests was repeated. When considering the local vasoconstriction after anesthesia, the highest values were achieved after anesthesia with Me2, regardeless the evaluation period. The best anesthetic effect was observed for Me2, 20 and 30 minutes after anesthesia (p<0.001). Recovery from anesthesia was faster for Ar4 (average time of recovery = 81.51 ± 29.08 min) compared to Me2 (92.38 ± 26.82 min) (p = 0.001, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test). In conclusion, the data collected in this research showed that the use of mepivacaine promoted a longer lasting anesthetic effect when compared with articaine.
Os anestésicos locais são drogas amplamente utilizadas por cirurgiões - dentistas. O objetivo deste estudo duplo-cego e cruzado foi avaliar a eficácia da articaína 4% (Ar4) comparada a mepivacaína 2% (Me2) ambas associadas com epinefrina 1:100.000, aplicadas ao tecido rico em receptores sensoriais e vascularização, em modelo sem trauma cirúrgico. Uma amostra de 72 voluntários saudáveis foi dividida aleatoriamente em dois grupos que receberam anestesia local com Ar4 e Me2. Foi realizada uma avaliação para identificação do perfil fisiológico dos voluntários, em seguida, eles foram vendados e submetidos a testes de linha de base para a vascularização e sensibilidade do lábio inferior, referentes às fibras A- alpha, A – beta, A – delta e fibra tipo C. A anestesia computadorizada foi realizada posteriormente com volume total de 0,3 mL, na região central do lábio inferior. A dor à anestesia foi avaliada segundo a escala visual analógica (VAS). Após 3, 10, 20 e 30 min do término da anestesia, os testes de vascularização local e sensibilidade das fibras nervosas foram repetidos e medidos segundo a VAS; a área anestesiada foi medida em mm. O efeito residual em 30, 40, 50 e 60 min após a anestesia foi avaliado com VAS, e tempo total de anestesia em min, por uma ficha de auto- avaliação. Após 7 dias o cruzamento foi realizado e toda a sequência do experimento foi repetida. A Me2 demonstrou maior efeito vasoconstritor local, em todos os tempos, em comparação com a Ar4. A Me2 demonstrou melhor efeito anestésico em T20 e T30 (p<0,001). A recuperação da anestesia foi mais rápida para a Ar4 com tempo total médio de anestesia de 81,51±29,08 min contra a Me2 que demonstra 92,38±26,82 min (p=0,001, teste Wilcoxon Signed Rank). Conclui-se que Me2 demonstra efeito anestésico mais duradouro que a Ar4, pois o maior efeito vasoconstritor da Me2 confere analgesia mais eficaz por maior tempo.
4
Siviero, Marcelo. "Comparação da articaína e lidocaína no bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-09042009-123619/.
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O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o tempo de latência e duração pulpar anestésica da dose de 1,8ml das seguintes soluções anestésicas locais: cloridrato de articaína 4% associado à epinefrina 1:100.000 (ART 100) e 1:200.000 (ART 200) e cloridrato de lidocaína 2% associado à epinefrina 1:100.000 (LIDO 100) no bloqueio convencional do nervo alveolar inferior. A amostra do experimento consistiu de vinte pacientes normorreativos, submetidos a três consultas para tratamento restaurador de baixa complexidade em três dentes posteriores inferiores. Os períodos de latência e duração da anestesia local na polpa dentária foram monitorados com um estimulador pulpar elétrico (Vitality Scanner Model 2006®-SybronEndo, CA, EUA). Para análise e comparação dos resultados da latência e duração pulpar das três soluções anestésicas locais foi utilizado o teste paramétrico ANOVA e o teste auxiliar de Bonferroni com nível de significância fixado em 5% (p<0,05). Em relação ao período de latência pulpar não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre nenhuma das três soluções anestésicas locais utilizadas (p > 0,05). Já em relação ao período de duração pulpar houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre ART 100 e LIDO 100 (p=0,000) e entre ART 200 e LIDO 100 (p=0,000). Portanto, a latência das duas soluções de articaína foram similares à solução de lidocaína, mas ambas apresentaram duração de ação anestésica maior do que a solução de lidocaína.The aim of this study was to evaluate the time of onset and duration of pulp anesthetic dose of 1.8 ml of local anesthetic solutions following: 4% hydrochloride articaine associated with epinephrine 1:100.000 (ART 100) and 1:200.000 (ART 200) and 2% hydrochloride of lidocaine associated with epinephrine 1:100.000 (LIDO 100) in alveolar nerve block lower. The sample of the experiment consisted of twenty healthy patients, underwent three appointments for restorative treatment of low complexity in three subsequent lower teeth. The periods of onset and duration of local anesthetic in dental pulp were monitored with an electric stimulator pulp (Vitality Scanner®, Model 2006 - SybronEndo, CA, USA). To analyze and compare the results of onset and duration of the three pulp solutions local anesthetic was used parametric ANOVA test and the test of Bonferroni help with significance level set at 5% (p < 0.05). For the period of onset there was no statistically significant difference between any of the three approaches used local anesthetic (p> 0.05). Already in relation to the duration of pulp statistically significant difference between ART 100 and LIDO 100 (p = 0000) and between ART 200 and LIDO 100 (p = 0000). Therefore, the onset of the two solutions of articaine were similar to the solution of lidocaine, but both showed duration of anesthetic action superior to the solution of lidocaine.
5
Costa, Carina Gisele. "Efeitos cardiovasculares da infiltração maxilar da articaína e lidocaína associadas à epinefrina em procedimentos restauradores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-11042008-103055/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos cardiovasculares da infiltração maxilar usando lidocaína 2% associada à epinefrina 1:100.000, articaína 4% associada à epinefrina 1:100.000 e 1:200.000 em diferentes etapas da consulta odontológica para realização de procedimento restaurador. Vinte voluntários receberam, aleatoriamente, 1,8 ml dos três anestésicos locais. A pressão arterial sistólica, diastólica e média e a freqüência cardíaca foram avaliadas pelos métodos oscilométrico e fotopletismográfico em sete etapas da consulta odontológica. A análise estatística dos parâmetros cardiovasculares através dos testes ANOVA e Tukey não mostrou diferenças significativas entre as três soluções anestésicas. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante para os parâmetros cardiovasculares entre as diferentes etapas clínicas da consulta odontológica. A variação dos parâmetros cardiovasculares é semelhante para as soluções de articaína e lidocaína associadas à epinefrina e é influenciada pelas etapas da consulta odontológica.The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular effects by maxillary infiltration using 2% lidocaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine, 4% articaine with 1:100.000 and 1:200.000 epinephrine in different stages of dental appointment for restorative procedures. Twenty healthy patients randomly received 1,8 ml of the three local anesthetics. Systolic blood pressure, average blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were evaluated by the oscillometric and photoplethysmograph methods in seven stages of the appointment. Statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey tests of cardiovascular parameters did not show significant differences between the anesthetic associations. There were significant differences for the parameters among different clinical stages of the dental appointment. The variation of cardiovascular parameters is similar for articaine and lidocaine solutions and it is influenced by the stages of the dental appointment.
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Melo, Nathalie Ferreira Silva de 1985. "Preparation and characterization of different modified release systems for local anesthetic articaine = Preparo e caracterização de diferentes sistemas de liberação modificada para o anestésico local articaín." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314418.
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Orientador: Leonardo Fernandes FracetoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os anestésicos locais (AL) são fármacos utilizados no controle da dor crônica ou aguda. A articaína (ATC) é um AL da classe das amino-amidas que possui maior potência e menor toxicidade que a lidocaína e tem sido um fármaco de escolha em procedimentos odontológicos e anestesia epidural. As características desejáveis para um AL incluem controle da dor durante procedimentos clínicos e a diminuição da toxicidade local e/ou sistêmica. Assim, uma alternativa que tem se mostrado capaz de promover estes efeitos desejáveis é a veiculação destes fármacos em sistemas de liberação modificada. Neste sentido, as nanopartículas poliméricas (NP), nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas (NLS) e lipossomas unilamelares pequenos (SUV) são sistemas nanocarreadores capazes de promover modificação do perfil de liberação de fármacos e possuem diâmetro inferior a 1 µm. As NP são classificadas como nanoesferas (NE), compostas por uma matriz polimérica e nanocápsulas (NC), constituídas por um invólucro polimérico disposto ao redor de um núcleo oleoso ou aquoso. As NLS são constituídas por uma matriz lipídica que se apresenta sólida em temperatura ambiente. As SUV são estruturas vesiculares compostas por bicamadas de fosfolipídios que se arranjam espontaneamente em meio aquoso. Os hidrogéis são redes poliméricas que quando dispersas em mio aquoso assumem uma conformação doadora de viscosidade à formulação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi preparar e caracterizar diferentes sistemas de liberação modificada para a ATC (neutra e ionizada) incluindo NP, NLS, SUV e hidrogéis (contendo ATC livre e encapsulada) com a finalidade de melhorar suas propriedades farmacológicas visando uma futura aplicação clínica por via infiltrativa e/ou tópica. A otimização das suspensões de NP e SUV foi alcançada através de planejamento fatorial e analisada as propriedades: diâmetro médio, polidispersão, potencial zeta e eficiência de encapsulação do fármaco. Todas as suspensões foram preparadas com ATC a 2%. Foram obtidas partículas de diâmetro compreendido entre 100 e 400 nm e índice de polidispersão abaixo de 0,2. A eficiência de encapsulação alcançada foi bastante satisfatória (entre 50 e 70%). As propriedades físico-químicas das suspensões foram avaliadas em função do tempo, a fim de determinar a estabilidade das partículas. As formulações escolhidas não apresentaram grandes alterações dessas propriedades, sendo consideradas estáveis por um período de até 120 dias de armazenamento à temperatura ambiente. Ensaios de liberação in vitro demonstraram menor velocidade de liberação da ATC quando encapsulada em NP, NLS e SUV, em relação à ATC livre. Testes de citotoxicidade in vitro em culturas de células 3T3 e CHO revelaram que a ATC livre induz morte celular de maneira concentração dependente, efeito este que foi parcialmente revertido com a encapsulação da ATC em NP, NLS e SUV, indicando menor toxicidade das formulações propostas. Os hidrogéis contendo ATC livre e encapsulada demonstraram boa consistência, homogeneidade e estabilidade. Nos testes reológicos, os géis apresentaram comportamento pseudoplástico com tixotropia, o que pode melhorar a eficácia do fármaco. O gel contendo NC-PCL com ATC apresentou início de permeação mais rápido e liberação mais lenta (até 8 horas). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que foi possível preparar nanocarreadores e hidrogéis para a ATC, sendo obtidos bons resultados com alteração no perfil de liberação do fármaco e diminuição da citotoxicidade, sendo uma futura alternativa para o controle da dor
Abstract: Local anesthetics (LA) are drugs used in controlling chronic or acute pain. The articaine (ATC) is an LA of amino-amides class which have lower toxicity and higher potency than lidocaine and has been the drug of choice in dental procedures and epidural anesthesia. Desirable features for LA include pain control during clinical procedures and the reduction of local and/or systemic toxicity. Thus, an alternative that has been shown to promote these desirable effects is the placement of these drugs in modified release systems. In this regard, polymeric nanoparticles (PN), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and small unilamellar liposomes (SUV) are nanocarriers systems able to promote modification of the drug release profile and have a diameter of less than 1 µM. NP is classified as nanospheres (NS), comprising a polymeric matrix and nanocapsules (NC), consisting of a polymeric shell around an oily or aqueous core. SLN are formed by a lipid matrix which appears solid at room temperature. SUV are vesicular structures composed of phospholipids bilayers which spontaneously arrange themselves in an aqueous medium. Hydrogels are polymeric networks that when dispersed in aqueous medium assume a conformation donor viscosity of the formulation. The objective of this work was to prepare and characterize different modified delivery systems for ATC (neutral and ionized form) including PN, SLN, SUV and hydrogels (containing free and encapsulated ATC) in order to improve its pharmacological properties targeting future clinical application for infiltrating and/or topically. The optimization of PN and SUV suspensions was achieved through a factorial design and analyzed the properties: mean diameter, polydispersity, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency of the drug. All suspensions were prepared with ATC 2%. Particles were obtained with diameter between 100-400 nm and polydispersity index lower than 0.2. The encapsulation efficiency was achieved quite satisfactory (between 50 and 70%). The physico-chemical properties of the suspensions were assessed as function of time in order to determine the stability of the particles. The selected formulations showed no significant changes of these properties, being considered stable for a period of 120 days of storage at room temperature. In vitro release experiments showed slower release of ATC when encapsulated in PN, SLN and SUV, in relation to the free ATC. In vitro cytotoxicity tests on 3T3 and CHO cells revealed that the free ATC induces cell death concentration-dependent, an effect which was partially reversed by ATC in the encapsulation in PN, SLN and SUV, indicating low toxicity of the proposed formulations. The hydrogels containing free and encapsulated ATC showed good consistency, uniformity and stability. In the rheological tests, the gels exhibited pseudoplastic behavior with tixotropy, which can improve the effectiveness of the drug. The gel containing the NC-PCL with ATC showed faster onset of permeation and slower release (up to 8 hours). The results showed that it was possible to prepare hydrogels and nanocarriers for ATC, with good results in modification of drug release and decreased cytotoxicity profile, being a future alternative for pain control
Doutorado
Bioquimica
Doutora em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
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Silva, Junior Geraldo Prisco da. "Comparação de dois protocolos anestésicos locais para o controle da dor na remoção de terceiros molares inferiores inclusos." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5882.
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The concern of dentistry professionals about controlling the pain in their
procedures comes from ancient times. Each day new drugs emerge, as well as
protocols that combines anaesthetic salts with techniques, or even, two anesthetic
salts to the same technique. For this reason, this study intends to evaluate the
efficiency of two local anesthetic protocols, one using only lidocaine, known as the
“gold standard” anesthetic salt, another combining articaine and lidocaine, for the
control of the intraoperative control during the impacted lower third molar surgery.
The study subjects were patients from the Dentistry Department at the Federal
University of Sergipe, that after a clinical and X-ray diagnosis presented
asymptomatic impacted lower third molars needing extraction and odontosection,
from which we could take 160 samples. Each person passed through the Inferior
Alveolar Nerve Block through the direct technique, using a tube (1,8ml) of 2%
lidocaine, with epinephrine 1:100,000. In Group 1 (80 volunteers), it was only used
half of a tube (0,9ml) of 2% lidocaine, with epinephrine 1:100,000 associated to the
buccal nerve block. In Group 2 (80 volunteers), it was used half of a tube (0,9ml) of
4% articaine, with epinephrine 1:100,000 associated to the buccal nerve block. For
the collected data we performed statistical tests (Student's T-test and Chi-Square
with 5% significance level). Finally, on the sample study, there was more failure on
the surgery procedures in the group that was tested with only lidocaine (p=0.0138),
and we could check the problem mainly on the odontosection (p<0,0001). The
combination of lidocaine and articaine was more efficient over the control of the
intraoperative pain related to the extraction procedures of the impacted lower third
molar.A preocupação dos profissionais da odontologia em realizar o controle da dor em seus procedimentos vem desde a antiguidade e a cada dia novas drogas mais eficazes vão surgindo, assim como, protocolos que combinam sais anestésicos com técnicas, ou mesmo, dois sais anestésicos para a mesma técnica. Por isso esse estudo visou avaliar a eficácia de dois protocolos anestésicos locais, um utilizando apenas a lidocaína, descrita como sal anestésico “padrão ouro”, e outro combinando a articaína com a lidocaína para o controle da dor transoperatória na cirurgia do terceiro molar inferior incluso. Os sujeitos do estudo foram usuários do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, que após diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico apresentavam terceiro molares inferiores inclusos assintomáticos com necessidade de extração e odontosecção, formando uma amostra de 160 voluntários. Todos os indivíduos foram submetidos ao Bloqueio do Nervo Alveolar Inferior pela técnica direta, utilizando-se um tubete (1,8mL) de lidocaína a 2%, com epinefrina 1:100.000, sendo no Grupo 01(80 voluntários) foi utilizado apenas à metade de um tubete (0,9mL) de lidocaína a 2%, com epinefrina 1:100.000 associado ao bloqueio do nervo bucal. Para o Grupo 02 (80 voluntários) foi utilizado metade de um tubete (0,9ml) de articaína a 4%, com epinefrina 1:100.000 associando ao bloqueio do nervo bucal. Para os dados coletados e tabulados foram realizados os testes estatísticos (teste T de student e Qui Quadrado com índice de significância de 5% em ambos). Na amostra do estudo ocorreu o maior insucesso nos procedimentos cirúrgicos no grupo com apenas lidocaína (p=0.0138) e o momento da cirurgia mais frequente desse insucesso ocorreu na odontosecção (p<0,0001). A utilização da combinação da lidocaína e articaína mostrou-se mais eficaz no controle da dor transoperatória nos procedimentos de remoção de terceiro molar inferior incluso.
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Souza, Gustavo Mota Mascarenhas de. "Comparação da eficácia anestésica e capacidade de difusão da articaína a 4% e lidocaína a 2%, ambas com adrenalina 1:100.000, em cirurgias de terceiros molares superiores não-irrompidos." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2007. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/16850.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the ability to induce palatal mucosa anesthesia and the anesthetic efficacy after superior alveolar posterior nerve block of two anesthetic solutions: 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 (Articaine-DFL) and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 (Alphacaine-DFL), in a double-blind crossover manner. Eighteen healthy volunteers, aged 14 to 26 years, with non-irrupted superior third molar removal indications were selected. All procedures were executed in the morning at once, by the same oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The diffusion ability and the efficacy of anesthetic solutions were verified by the 11-Point Box Scale, administered two times for each solution: after incision and detachment and after suture. The anxiety degree was evaluated by Corah Dental Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed trough Wilcoxon´s test (α= 0.05). All the median values for the 11-Point Box Scale were similar. Besides that there were no significant statistical differences between articaine and lidocaine solutions after incision and detachment (p= 0.329) neither after the surgical procedures (p= 0.393). Results showed that in healthy patients, both anesthetic solutions had the same diffusion to palatal mucosa, and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 and 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 presented similar clinical behavior, thus choosing either solution does not change the quality of the non-irrupted superior third molars removal.Este estudo randomizado e duplo-cego avaliou comparativamente a capacidade das soluções anestésicas articaína a 4% e lidocaína a 2%, ambas associadas à epinefrina 1:100.000, quanto à capacidade de promover anestesia na mucosa palatina e eficácia anestésica após bloqueio do nervo alveolar superior posterior. A amostra foi constituída por dezoito indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 14 e 26 anos, saudáveis, sem uso de medicação sistêmica e com indicação de remoção dos terceiros molares superiores não-irrompidos. Os procedimentos cirúrgicos foram realizados por um único cirurgião dentista, especialista e mestrando em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco Maxilo Facial, em sessão única e sempre no período matutino. A capacidade de difusão e a eficácia das soluções foram avaliadas através de Escalas de Onze Pontos em Caixa (EC), aplicadas após incisão e descolamento e após a sutura. O grau de ansiedade do voluntário foi avaliado através da Escala de Ansiedade Dental de Corah (EADC). Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Wilcoxon, nível de significância de 5%. Os valores medianos obtidos pela EC de ambas as soluções anestésicas mostraram-se bastante próximos e não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante após incisão e descolamento (p= 0,329) e nem ao término do procedimento cirúrgico (p= 0,393). Os resultados demonstraram que as soluções lidocaína a 2% com epinefrina 1:100.000 e articaína a 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 não apresentaram diferenças na capacidade de difusão e eficácia do anestésico, consequentemente não alteram a qualidade dos procedimentos de exodontias de terceiros molares não-irrompidos na maxila.
Mestre em Odontologia
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Pandrangi, Tera. "Articaine versus lidocaine for a primary intraseptal injection." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437080359.
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Edberg, Robin, and Magnus Qvint. "Article Placement in Storage." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91311.
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Beijer Byggmaterial är ett företag med förbättringspotential angående lagerhantering. Eftersom lager och service är centralt i företagets syfte kan lönsamhet uppnås vid effektiviserad lagerhantering. Syftet med rapporten har varit att minska tiden för plockning av artiklar ur ett kundperspektiv på Beijer Byggmaterials lager i Halmstad. Utifrån detta har ett antal frågeställningar diskuterats fram som i denna rapport ska svara på ifall det är lönsamt för företaget att frekvenslägga sina artiklar. Arbetsgången har skett genom tre olika steg, där den första fasen behandlade insamling av data. Detta följdes upp av diverse beräkningar och analyser angående artikelplacering i lager. Sista fasen behandlade det lösningsförslag som författarna arbetat fram. I dagsläget är artiklarna på Beijer placerade i artikelgrupper utan frekvensläggning. I det lösningsförslag som arbetets fram i denna rapport visar det sig lönsamt för företaget att placera ut artiklarna baserat på dess frekvens. Detta har genomförts genom ett antal olika ABC-analyser med ett antal kriterier där de artiklar med högst plockfrekvens klassificeras som A-artiklar och har därför placerats på en lämplig plats. Genom stöd från teorier har frekvensläggning och artikelplacering resulterat i kortare plocktider för både kunder och personal samt en högre kundservice genom hela lagret.Beijer Byggmaterial is a company with potential for improvement regarding inventory management. Since stockks and customer service are central to the company’s purpose, profitability can be achieved in more efficient inventory management. The purpose of the report has been to reduce the time for picking items from a customer perspective in one of Beijer Byggmaterial’s warehouses. On this basis, a number of issues discussed were that this report will answer if it’s profitable for the company to overlook an article placement of its products. The procedure was done through three different stages, the first phase dealt with the collection of data. This was followed by various calculations and analyzes regarding article placement of stock. The last phase is considered the solution proposed by the authors. In the current situation, articles at Beijer are placed in different groups without being based on frequency. The proposed solutions in this report show that it’s profitable for the company to place articles based on frequency. This has been implemented by a number of ABCanalyzes with a number of criteria which the articles with the highest frequency being classified as A-items and are therefore placed in a suitable location. Through the support of theories frequency orientation and article placement have resulted in shorter retrieval times for both customers and staff, and a higher customer service thought the warehouse.
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Allegretti, Carlos Eduardo. "Eficácia da articaína, da lidocaína e da mepivacaína associadas à epinefrina em pacientes com pulpite irreversível em molares mandibulares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-16012013-113534/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a eficácia anestésica da articaína 4%, da lidocaína 2% e da mepivacaína 2%, todas associadas à epinefrina 1:100.000, durante pulpectomia em pacientes com pulpite irreversível em molares mandibulares. Sessenta e seis voluntários do Setor de Urgência da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo receberam, aleatoriamente, 3,6ml de um dos anestésicos locais para o bloqueio convencional do nervo alveolar inferior (NAI). No caso de falha do bloqueio, foram administrados 3,6ml da mesma solução como injeção complementar no ligamento periodontal. O sinal subjetivo de anestesia do lábio, a presença de anestesia pulpar e ausência de dor durante a pulpectomia foram avaliados, respectivamente, por indagação ao paciente, por meio do aparelho estimulador pulpar elétrico (pulp tester) e por uma escala analógica verbal. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado, Kruskal Wallis e Razão de Verossimilhancas. Todos os pacientes reportaram anestesia no lábio após o bloqueio do NAI. A mepivacaína apresentou valores superiores (68,2%) para a anestesia pulpar após o bloqueio do NAI e a lidocaína (90%) após a injeção no ligamento periodontal. A mepivacaína apresentou valores superiores para a analgesia (72,7%) após o bloqueio no NAI e a lidocaína (90%) após a injeção no ligamento periodontal. Após a falha do bloqueio do NAI, a dor na câmara pulpar foi a mais frequente e após a falha da injeção no ligamento periodontal, a dor no canal. No entanto, essas diferenças não foram estatisticamente significantes. Portanto as três soluções anestésicas locais se comportam de forma semelhante e não apresentam efetivo controle da dor no tratamento da pulpite irreversível em molares mandibulares.The aim of this study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine, lidocaine 2% and 2% mepivacaine, all associated with epinephrine 1:100,000 during pulpectomy in patients with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars. Sixty-six volunteers Sector Emergency Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo randomly received 3.6 ml of a local anesthetic to block conventional inferior alveolar nerve. In case of failure of the lock, were administered 3.6 ml of the same solution as in the periodontal ligament injection complement. The signal subjective lip anesthesia, the presence of pulpal anesthesia and no pain during pulpectomy were evaluated respectively by questioning the patient, via the stimulating device electrical pulp (pulp tester) and a verbal analogue scale. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Kruskal Wallis and likelihood ratio. All patients reported lip anesthesia after blockade of the inferior alveolar nerve. The mepivacaine showed higher values (68.2%) for pulpal anesthesia after blockade of the inferior alveolar nerve and lidocaine (90%) after injection in the periodontal ligament. The mepivacaine showed higher values for analgesia (72.7%) after blocking the inferior alveolar nerve and lidocaine (90%) after injection in the periodontal ligament. After the failure of the blockade of the inferior alveolar nerve, the pain in the pulp chamber was the most frequent and after the failure of the periodontal ligament injection, pain in the channel. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Therefore, the three local anesthetic solutions behave similarly and did not exhibit effective pain management in treating irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars.
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Sampaio, Roberta Moura. "Eficácia da articaína, da bupivacaína e da lidocaína associadas à epinefrina em pacientes com pulpite irreversível em molares mandibulares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-17062015-131829/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a eficácia anestésica da articaína 4%, da lidocaína 2%, ambas associadas à epinefrina 1:100.000, e da bupivacaína 0.5%, associada à epinefrina 1:200.000, durante pulpectomia em pacientes com pulpite irreversível em molares inferiores. Cento e cinco voluntários do Setor de Urgência da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo receberam, aleatoriamente, 3,6mL de um dos anestésicos locais para o convencional bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (BNAI). No caso de falha do BNAI, foram administrados 3,6mL da mesma solução como injeção complementar no ligamento periodontal. O sinal subjetivo de anestesia do lábio, a presença de anestesia pulpar e ausência de dor durante a pulpectomia foram avaliados, respectivamente, por indagação ao paciente, por meio do aparelho estimulador pulpar elétrico (pulp tester) e por uma escala analógica verbal. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado, Kruskal Wallis e Razão de Verossimilhanças. Foi adotado nível de significância de 0,05 (P <= 0,05). Todos os pacientes reportaram anestesia no lábio após o BNAI. A lidocaína apresentou valores superiores (42,9%) para a anestesia pulpar após o BNAI e após a injeção no ligamento periodontal (61,5%). A bupivacaína apresentou valores superiores para a analgesia (80%) após o BNAI e a lidocaína (92,3%) após a injeção no ligamento periodontal. Após a falha do BNAI, a dor na câmara pulpar foi a mais frequente para articaína e lidocaína e na dentina para a bupivacaína e após a falha da injeção no ligamento periodontal, a dor foi similar para articaína nas diferentes regiões; câmara, canal e dentina; para a bupivacaína foi mais frequente na dentina e para a lidocaína no canal. No entanto, essas diferenças não foram estatisticamente significantes. Portanto as três soluções anestésicas locais se comportam de forma semelhante e não apresentam efetivo controle da dor no tratamento da pulpite irreversível em molares inferiores.The aim of this study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine both associated with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 0.5% bupivacaine associated with 1:200,000 epinephrine in patients with irreversible pulpitis of the mandibular molars during a pulpectomy procedure. One hundred and five volunteers from the Emergency Center of the School of Dentistry at University of São Paulo randomly received 3.6 mL of local anesthetic as a conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). The subjective signal of lip numbness, pulpal anesthesia and the absence of pain during the pulpectomy procedure were, respectively, evaluated by questioning the patient, stimulation using an electric pulp tester and a verbal analogue scale. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Kruskal Wallis and likelihood rations. The level for significance of differences was P <= .05. All patients reported the subjective signal of lip numbness after the application of either IANB. Lidocaine showed higher values for pulpal anesthesia after the IANB (42.9%) and after injection in the periodontal ligament (61.5%). Bupivacaine presented higher values for analgesia after the IANB (80,0%) and lidocaine after injection in the periodontal ligament (92,3%). After the failure of the IANB, the pain in the pulp chamber was the most frequent to articaine and lidocaine and bupivacaine for dentin and after the failure of the periodontal ligament injection, the pain was equal to articaine in different regions, chamber, canal and dentin; for bupivacaine was greater in dentin and lidocaine was higher in the channel. However, these differences were not statistically significant. So the three local anesthetic solutions behave similarly and not present any effective pain control in the treatment of irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars.
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McEntire, Mayes Allen. "Anesthetic Efficacy of 4% Articaine with 1:100,000 Epinephrine Compared to 4% Articaine with 1:200,000 Epinephrine as Primary Buccal Infiltrations in Mandibular Posterior Teeth." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1251743747.
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KOJIMA, Hideo. "Introduction to Alan Fogel's Article." 名古屋大学教育学部, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3690.
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Mcbride, David. "Moral equality : article of faith." Thesis, Open University, 2017. http://oro.open.ac.uk/50735/.
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In the first part of this thesis I demonstrate that the best arguments we have for the equal moral worth of all human beings are incorrigibly defective. This is a problem because many people hold that equality between persons in the political, legal and social realms depends on and is justified by their equal value in the moral realm. I solve the problem in the second part of my thesis by developing an account of human worth which cuts the chain of dependency so that political, legal and social equality needn’t hang on moral equality. The result is an account of human value as neither equal nor unequal and which preserves and satisfies the spirit of moral and political egalitarianism. What is that spirit? That everyone matters and no-one more than any other.
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Côté, Robert G. (Robert Gerard). "An automatic news article editor." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115470.
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Paxton, Kellie. "Anesthetic efficacy of articaine hydrochloride versus lidocaine hydrochloride a meta-analysis /." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2008. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/22.
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Prates, Erica Teixeira 1985. "Dinamica molecular de articaina em membranas POPC." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248872.
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Orientadores: Munir Salomão Skaf, Monica Andrea PickholzDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T17:06:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Prates_EricaTeixeira_M.pdf: 4627606 bytes, checksum: 4caf846b01f9586ee62d25bee7d6bdc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Neste trabalho foi feito o estudo das interações da articaína, um anestésico local de ampla aplicação médico-odontológica, com membranas modelo de POPC (palmitoil-oleil-fosfatidilcolina) em condições próximas às biologicamente relevan- tes empregando-se simulações computacionais de dinâmica molecular. Em uma primeira etapa, empregamos métodos quânticos para modelar a articaína com base no campo de força CHARMM. Das simulações de equilíbrio da articaína em POPC, foi possível obter informações como o seu comportamento conformacional e sua posi- ção transversal na bicamada, assim como suas interações especícas com os lipídios. Os estudos foram realizados para os estados neutro e protonado da articaína, consi- derando também seus isômeros ópticos. Estas análises, em conjunto com resultados experimentais de H-RMN realizados pela Prof. Eneida de Paula (IB-UNICAMP) e pelo Prof. Leonardo F. Fraceto (Dpto. de Eng. Ambiental - UNESP, Sorocaba - SP), demonstram que a articaína, em sua forma neutra, posiciona-se preferencial- mente na interface membrana/água, onde interage frequentemente com os lipídios através de ligações de hidrogênio. Através de ferramentas como perfil de densidade eletrônica do sistema, da parte teórica, e perfil do tempo de relaxação longitudinal para diferentes regiões dos lipídios, da parte experimental, foi discutida a lipossolubilidade da articaína em relação a outros anestésicos. Também foram realizadas simulações de não equilíbrio, utilizando a técnica de Dinâmica Molecular de Caminho Induzido, em que uma molécula de articaína foi removida do interior da membrana para o meio aquoso, através de uma força aplicada em seu centro de massa. Com a aplicação da igualdade de Jarzynski a estas simulações, foi possível estimar a energia livre de partição da ATC neutra (forma mais potente) entre os estados em que encontra-se no seio aquoso e no interior da membrana POPC.
Abstract: We studied the interactions of articaine - a local anesthetic widely used for me- dical and odontological applications - with model membranes of POPC (palmitoyl-oleyl-phosphatidylcholine) at biological relevant conditions. We have employed molecular dynamics technique, which allowed us to investigate the system at molecular level. Firstly, we applied quantum mechanical methods to parametrize articaine molecule based on CHARMM force field. We have done extensive molceular dynamics simulations, taking into account the different ionization states of the drug (neutral and protonated) as well as its optical isomers. From the equilibirum simulations of articaine in POPC membranes, we investigated the conformational behaviour of the drug, its tranversal position and its specific interactions with the lipids and water molecules. Our results show a preferential orientation of the articaine molecule within the membrane. Neutral articaine was mainly found at the lipid head/water interface, in very good agreement with H-RMN experimental results from Prof. Eneida de Paula (IB-UNICAMP) and Prof. Leonardo F. Fraceto (Dpto. de Eng. Ambiental - UNESP, Sorocaba - SP) and from literature (C. Song et al, 2008). By studying properties like electronic density prole and longitudi- nal time relaxation for different regions of the lipid molecules, we discussed the lipossolubility of articaine in comparison to other local anesthetics. We have also performed non-equilibrium simulations, using steered molecular dynamics (SMD) technique. A single articaine molecule was extracted from the membrane to the wa- ter phase, by applying an external force in its mass centre. Coupling the Jarzynski identity to the SMD simulations, we estimated the partition free energy of the neutral drug (the most potent specie) in POPC membranes.
Mestrado
Físico-Química
Mestre em Química
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Shurtz, Ryan H. "A prospective randomized, double-blind study of the anesthetic efficacy of buffered articaine as a primary buccal infiltration of the mandibular first molar." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408535962.
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Rosén, Anna, and Gruner Veronica Jorméus. "Article 98 Agreements: Legal or Not?" Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1603.
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Please, Erase This Article Thank You Please Erase This Article Thank You. "Please erase this article, thank you." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00755356.
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Concurrency is concerned with systems of multiple computing agents that interact with each other. Bisimilarity is one of the main representatives of these. Concurrent Constrain Programming (ccp) is a formalism that combines the traditional and algebraic view of process calculi with a declarative one based upon first-order logic. The standard definition of bisimilarity is not completely satisfactory for ccp since it yields an equivalence that is too fine grained. By building upon recent foundational investigations, we introduce a labeled transition semantics and a novel notion of bisimilarity that is fully abstract w.r.t. the observational equivalence in ccp. When the state space of a system is finite, the ordinary notion of bisimilarity can be computed via the partition refinement algorithm, but unfortunately, this algorithm does not work for ccp bisimilarity. Hence, we provide an algorithm that allows us to verify strong bisimilarity for ccp, modifying the algorithm by using a pre-refinement and a partition function based on the irredundant bisimilarity. Weak bisimilarity is a central behavioral equivalence in process calculi and it is obtained from the strong case by taking into account only the actions that are observable in the system. Typically the standard partition refinement can also be used for deciding weak bisimilarity simply by using Milner's reduction from weak to strong; a technique referred to as saturation. We demonstrate that the above-mentioned saturation technique does not work for ccp. We give a reduction that allows us to use the ccp partition refinement algorithm for deciding this equivalence.
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Wan, Hong. "An automatic news article filtering engine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33832.pdf.
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Ionin, Tania. "Article semantics in second language acquisition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7963.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 311-318).
This thesis examines article choice and parameter-setting in second language (L2) acquisition. It argues, on the basis of L2-English elicitation and production data, that L2- learners have access to UG-based semantic distinctions governing article choice, but do not know which distinction is appropriate for English. A Fluctuation Hypothesis (FH) is proposed, according to which L2-learners fluctuate between different parameter settings until the input leads them to set the parameter to the target value. The thesis proposes that articles cross-linguistically may encode definiteness or specificity. The definition of specificity that is adopted is based on Fodor and Sag's (1982) view of specificity as speaker intent to refer. The behavior of referential this, a specificity marker in colloquial English, is examined, and it is proposed that the definition of specificity incorporates the concept of noteworthy property. An Article Choice Parameter is next proposed, which governs whether articles in a given language are distinguished on the basis of definiteness or on the basis of specificity. While English has the Definiteness setting of this parameter, it is suggested, on the basis of data from Mosel and Hovdhaugen (1992), that Samoan has the Specificity setting. It is hypothesized, in accordance with the FH, that L2-learners fluctuate between the two settings of the Article Choice Parameter. This hypothesis leads to the prediction that L2- English errors of article use should come in two types: overuse of the with specific indefinites and overuse of a with non-specific definites. These predictions are examined in a series of studies with adult speakers of Russian and Korean, two languages with no
(cont.) articles. The empirical data confirm the predictions, and show that L2-English article choice is not random but reflects access to the two settings of the Article Choice Parameter. The same patterns of results are found for L-Russian and L-Korean speakers, and it is shown that the results are not attributable to LI-transfer. On the basis of these findings, it is concluded that L2-learners have direct UG-access to semantic distinctions underlying article choice. The data also provide evidence for the existence of a specificity distinction which cross-cuts the definiteness distinction.
bu Tania Ruth Ionin.
Ph.D.
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McHenry, Kristen L. "East Tennessee State University: Spotlight Article." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2551.
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Excerpt: The World Health Organization describes inter-professional education (IPE) as being when studentsfrom at least two professions learn about, from, and with each other to facilitate effective collaboration among health care providers and improve patient health outcomes.
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Hollowell, Robert Louis III. "A Survey on the Usage of Articaine Among General and Pediatric Dentists." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/951.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact that the introduction of articaine has had on local anesthetic selection by general and pediatric dentists for use in three different age groups of children.Methods: Using a cross sectional survey design, a questionnaire regarding the use of local anesthetics in children was mailed to a random sample of 500 general dentists from North Carolina, 500 general dentists from Virginia, and all 230 pediatric dentists from North Carolina and Virginia. The 16-item questionnaire included questions regarding the preferred local anesthetic to use in three different age groups, 2-3 years of age, 4-6 years of age, and 7-10 years of age. Furthermore, the questionnaire also included questions specifically on articaine use in the three different age groups and any related side effects. The association between dental practitioner type and anesthetic use was tested using chi-square or Fisher's exact test.Results: A sample of 337 dentists completed the questionnaire. There was no significant difference in preference of articaine except in older patients aged 7-10 years old where general dentists prefer articaine significantly more than do pediatric dentists (28.1% versus 15.9%). Lidocaine with epinephrine was the local anesthetic that was most preferred in all age groups by all practitioners. Pediatric dentists preferred lidocaine more often than general dentists and general dentists preferred lidocaine without epinephrine more often than pediatric dentists. Twenty-one percent of all dentists surveyed have used articaine in children under 4 years of age and 13% list articaine as the preferred local anesthetic for children under 4 years of age.Conclusion: While lidocaine with epinephrine is still the preferred local anesthetic for use in children, the use of articaine in children is very prevalent among general and pediatric dentists. Articaine use becomes more prevalent as the age of the patient increases and many pediatric and general dentists are using articaine in children under four years of age.
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Ukwuije, Bede. "Review Article: Is African Theology Still Alive?" Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 2003. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,851.
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Liu, Yu-Tsyr. "Regional trade agreements and GATT Article XXIV." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0026/MQ50947.pdf.
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McGhee, H. William. "The Greek article and the abstract noun." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.
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Liu, Yu-Tsyr 1971. "Regional trade agreements and GATT article XXIV." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20989.
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This thesis examines the wave of regionalism currently being experienced in international trade, which is manifested by the proliferation of free trade areas and customs unions, regional trade agreements (RTAs). This thesis attempts to determine whether regionalism is welfare-enhancing and is liberalising the global economy as envisioned by GATT Article XXIV. The answer is: not necessarily.Chapter One briefly discusses the principle of non-discrimination and provides a general account of the recent development of RTAs. Chapter Two examines the economic and political-economic aspects of RTAs, while Chapter Three examines their legal aspects. To put the two chapters into perspective, a case study of the North American Free Trade Agreement is conducted in Chapter Four. Chapter Five suggests that the global economy should revert its attention back to the multilateral trading system and/or RTAs should incorporate "open regionalism" into their framework to effectively counter the diversionary problems they cause. In closing, Chapter Five introduces the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, which is the only regional trading arrangement that is openly pursuing "open regionalism" and "multilateralism", as a model for all RTAs and as a bridge between regionalism and multilateralism.
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Arnesson, Sebastian, and Emil Bergqvist. "Article placement for an efficient order picking." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-150150.
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Lager har en betydelsefull roll i många försörjningskedjor. Att driva ett lager medför stora kostnader och företag strävar därför efter att ha en så effektiv lagerhållning som möjligt. Ett sätt att förbättra sin lagerhållning är att klassificera sina artiklar och placera dem utefter denna klassificering. Effekter företag kan få ut av en fördelaktig artikelplacering är, exempelvis reducering av orderplockningens tid vilket leder till ett effektivare orderplockning. Orderplockning är en av de viktigaste aktiviteterna i ett lager, eftersom den kräver mycket resurser i form av personal och tid. Syftet med studien är att genom artikelklassificeringar föreslå en artikelplacering och strukturera Autoexpertens lager med avsikt att effektivisera orderplockning. För att beskriva den nuvarande artikelplaceringen har en litteraturstudie genomförts och kompletterats med observationer samt intervjuer. Författarna har samlat in historisk data som i sin tur legat till grund för ABC-analyserna. Artikelgruppernas uttagsfrekvens samt vikt valdes som kriterier vid genomförandet av ABC-analysen, då dessa ansågs ha störst påverkan på orderplockningen. Utförandet av den dubbla ABC-analysen, med uttagseffektens %26 vikt som kriterier, blev sedan den ABC-analys som låg till grund för den föreslagna artikelplaceringen. Att uttagsfrekvens och vikt valdes som kriterier för ABC-analysen korrelerar med att dessa två kriterier har en stor påverkan på orderplockningen. Artikelgrupperna har med hänsyn till denna ABC-analys placerats efter uttagsfrekvens %26 vikt i fallande ordning i närhet till upplagsplatsen för att möjliggöra en högre plockeffektivitet. Vid upplagsplatsen påbörjas och avslutas plockprocesserna hos Autoexperten och utgör anledningen till att artiklar placerats i fallande ordning i närhet till den. Utöver utförandet av den dubbla ABC-analysen har två artikelplaceringar utförts på artikelnivå. Från dessa artikelplaceringar har kvantitativa mått på lagerpersonalens förflyttningar tagits fram och presenterats.
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Martin, Matthew J. "Anesthetic efficacy of 3.6 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine compared to 1.8 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine as primary buccal infiltrations in mandibular posterior teeth." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1281384386.
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Berto, Luciana Aranha 1985. "Eficacia anestesica da formulação lipossomal de articaina em ratos." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288956.
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Orientadores: Francisco Carlos Groppo, Eneida de Paula, Maria Cristina VolpatoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T13:13:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Berto_LucianaAranha_M.pdf: 906309 bytes, checksum: 403019290dd30869537a79a4ff2e7c34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia anestésica de duas formulações lipossomais injetáveis de articaína (3% e 4%), em dois modelos animais: bloqueio do nervo infra-orbital (BNIO) e bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (BNAI). Para cada experimento, 48 animais foram divididos em 6 grupos (n=8), que receberam a injeção de uma das seguintes formulações, no lado direito: Grupo 1: articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100,000; Grupo 2: articaína 3% lipossomal; Grupo 3: articaína 4% lipossomal; Grupo 4: articaína 4%; Grupo 5: articaína 3% e Grupo 6: lipossomas 4mM sem anestésico local. O lado contralateral recebeu NaCl 0,9% (controle). Para BNIO, 0,1 mL da preparação foi injetado próximo ao forame infra-orbitário. Foi avaliada a duração da anestesia em tecido mole por pinçamento vigoroso do lábio superior, a cada 5 minutos, até que fosse obtido o primeiro sinal de resposta aversiva, indicando o final da anestesia. Para BNAI, 0,2 mL da preparação foi depositado próximo ao forame mandibular e os parâmetros latência e duração da anestesia pulpar foram avaliados por estímulo elétrico. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de ANOVA, com nível de significância 5%. Para duração de anestesia em tecido mole, os grupos 1, 2 e 3 não diferiram entre si (p>0,05) e promoveram duração maior que os grupos 4 e 5 (p<0,05). O grupo 1 obteve menor latência da anestesia pulpar que os grupos 2, 3, 4 e 5 (p<0,05), que não diferiram entre si (p>0,05). O grupo 1 apresentou a maior duração de anestesia pulpar, seguido pelos grupos 2 e 3. Com relação à duração da anestesia pulpar, não houve diferença entre os grupos 2 e 3 e entre os grupos 4 e 5 (p>0,05). Grupo 6 não obteve efeito anestésico. A encapsulação em lipossomas permitiu aumento na duração da anestesia da articaína quando comparada à solução pura. Entretanto, a solução de articaína 4% com epinefrina promoveu maior duração de anestesia pulpar que as formulações lipossomais.
Abstract: Liposome encapsulation has been found to enhance the clinical efficacy of local anesthetics. This study evaluated the anesthetic efficacy of two liposomal formulations of articaine (3% and 4%) by means of two animal models: infraorbital nerve block (IONB) and inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in rats. For each experiment, 48 animals were divided in 6 groups (n=8), which received the injection of one of the following formulations, in the right side: Group 1: 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine; Group 2: 4% liposomal articaine; Group 3: 3% liposomal articaine; Group 4: 4% articaine; Group 5: 3% articaine and Group 6: 4mM liposome. The left side received NaCl 0.9% (control). For the IONB, 0.1 mL of the tested formulation was injected near the rat infraorbital foramen. The duration of soft tissue anesthesia was evaluated by pinching the upper lip, every 5 minutes, until the first sign of aversive response was observed. For the IANB, 0.2 mL of the tested formulations was injected near the rat mandible foramen and the parameters onset and duration of pulpal anesthesia were evaluated by means of an electrical pulp tester. Data were submitted to ANOVA test and significance level was set at 5%. Concerning soft tissue anesthesia, groups 1, 2 and 3 showed similar duration (p>0.05) which were longer than that of the groups 4 and 5 (p<0.05). Group 1 showed the shortest onset of pulpal anesthesia (p<0.05) and there was no difference among groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 (p>0.05). Group 1 promoted longer duration of pulpal anesthesia (p<0.05) followed by groups 2 and 3. Concerning duration of pulpal anesthesia, no significant difference was found between groups 2 and 3 and groups 4 and 5 (p>0.05). Liposome encapsulation prolonged anesthetic effects of articaine when compared to plain solution. However, the epinephrine-containing solution showed longer pulpal anesthesia duration than liposomal formulations.
Mestrado
Farmacologia, Anestesiologia e Terapeutica
Mestre em Odontologia
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Glosenger, Jeremiah J. "Preliminary Comparison of Missed Blocks with 4% Articaine and 2% Lidocaine both with 1:100,000 epinephrine on Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Injections." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305927125.
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Wang, Fangfang. "English Article Acquisition : An Investigation among Chinese Students." Thesis, Kristianstad University, School of Teacher Education, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-6923.
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Kalén, Annika. "Dominance within the meaning of Article 82 EC." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1316.
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It can be read from the EC treaty that the European Community shall have as its task to promote competition throughout the Community. Competition law exists to ensure competition in a free market, as competition is believed to bring such benefits as efficiency, low prices and innovation. Article 82 EC is meant to promote competition and is also meant to prevent anti-competitive behaviour. For Article 82 EC to be applicable several requisites must be met and one of them is that the undertaking must be in a dominant position. It is no easy task to establish dominance and there are no clear guidelines as how to do so.
In the United Brands case the ECJ provided a definition of dominance stating that dominance was economic strength enjoyed by an undertaking which enabled it to prevent effective competition and to behave to an appreciable extent independently. Subsequently, in Hoffman La Roche it was stated that some competition does not prevent the undertaking from being dominant.
One important element in the assessment of dominance is the market share data. However, mere numbers cannot determine dominance and other factors must be taken into account. It is the effect on the market the undertaking has that is of interest and not merely its market share. Such factors may strengthen or weaken the undertaking’s market position. Important to note is that there is no exhaustive list of factors the Community authorities could take into consideration when assessing dominance.
Through the years, there has been much criticism directed against the application of Article 82 EC and several commentators have argued that it is applied too arbitrary, and that there is no formalistic approach. The Commission has acknowledged the fact that the current case law under Article 82 EC is controversial and is currently working on a review of the provision. It is however doubtful whether the review will have much impact considering that the Commission is bound by existing case law, but possibly it could encourage a development in the future.
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Mackenzie, Owen John Stewart. "The scientific article in the age of digitization." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/17843.
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Young, Tom, and Mark Wigent. "Dynamic Formatting of the Test Article Data Stream." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605948.
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ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
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Grace, Thomas B., Joshua D. Kenney, Myron L. Moodie, and Ben A. Abbott. "Key Components of the iNET Test Article Standard." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605993.
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ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe integrated Network-Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) Test Article Standards Working Group (TASWG) has developed a standard for Telemetry Network System (TmNS). The introduction of Internet Protocol (IP) networks on test ranges has created the potential for greater flexibility in the telemetry environment. This paper discusses the rationale for particular decisions concerning key components mandated by the standard. Performance implications concerning the mandates of the standard are also described. As an educational aid, examples of TAS-based processing philosophies and data structures have been constructed. These examples, including sending and receiving messages, are shown to reinforce understanding core concepts of the standard.
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Lindgren, Jennifer. "Evaluating Hierarchical LDA Topic Models for Article Categorization." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167080.
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With the vast amount of information available on the Internet today, helping users find relevant content has become a prioritized task in many software products that recommend news articles. One such product is Opera for Android, which has a news feed containing articles the user may be interested in. In order to easily determine what articles to recommend, they can be categorized by the topics they contain. One approach of categorizing articles is using Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP). A commonly used model is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), which finds latent topics within large datasets of for example text articles. An extension of LDA is hierarchical Latent Dirichlet Allocation (hLDA) which is an hierarchical variant of LDA. In hLDA, the latent topics found among a set of articles are structured hierarchically in a tree. Each node represents a topic, and the levels represent different levels of abstraction in the topics. A further extension of hLDA is constrained hLDA, where a set of predefined, constrained topics are added to the tree. The constrained topics are extracted from the dataset by grouping highly correlated words. The idea of constrained hLDA is to improve the topic structure derived by a hLDA model by making the process semi-supervised. The aim of this thesis is to create a hLDA and a constrained hLDA model from a dataset of articles provided by Opera. The models should then be evaluated using the novel metric word frequency similarity, which is a measure of the similarity between the words representing the parent and child topics in a hierarchical topic model. The results show that word frequency similarity can be used to evaluate whether the topics in a parent-child topic pair are too similar, so that the child does not specify a subtopic of the parent. It can also be used to evaluate if the topics are too dissimilar, so that the topics seem unrelated and perhaps should not be connected in the hierarchy. The results also show that the two topic models created had comparable word frequency similarity scores. None of the models seemed to significantly outperform the other with regard to the metric.
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Tsatsaronis, George, Yue Ma, Alina Petrova, Maria Kissa, Felix Distel, Franz Baader, and Michael Schroeder. "Formalizing biomedical concepts from textual definitions: Research Article." Journal of Biomedical Semantics, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29146.
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Background
Ontologies play a major role in life sciences, enabling a number of applications, from new data integration to knowledge verification. SNOMED CT is a large medical ontology that is formally defined so that it ensures global consistency and support of complex reasoning tasks. Most biomedical ontologies and taxonomies on the other hand define concepts only textually, without the use of logic. Here, we investigate how to automatically generate formal concept definitions from textual ones. We develop a method that uses machine learning in combination with several types of lexical and semantic features and outputs formal definitions that follow the structure of SNOMED CT concept definitions.
Results
We evaluate our method on three benchmarks and test both the underlying relation extraction component as well as the overall quality of output concept definitions. In addition, we provide an analysis on the following aspects: (1) How do definitions mined from the Web and literature differ from the ones mined from manually created definitions, e.g., MeSH? (2) How do different feature representations, e.g., the restrictions of relations’ domain and range, impact on the generated definition quality?, (3) How do different machine learning algorithms compare to each other for the task of formal definition generation?, and, (4) What is the influence of the learning data size to the task? We discuss all of these settings in detail and show that the suggested approach can achieve success rates of over 90%. In addition, the results show that the choice of corpora, lexical features, learning algorithm and data size do not impact the performance as strongly as semantic types do. Semantic types limit the domain and range of a predicted relation, and as long as relations’ domain and range pairs do not overlap, this information is most valuable in formalizing textual definitions.
Conclusions
The analysis presented in this manuscript implies that automated methods can provide a valuable contribution to the formalization of biomedical knowledge, thus paving the way for future applications that go beyond retrieval and into complex reasoning. The method is implemented and accessible to the public from: https://github.com/alifahsyamsiyah/learningDL.
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Estmark, Andreas. "Text Block Prediction and Article Reconstruction Using BERT." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447248.
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Kungliga biblioteket (National Library of Sweden, KB) uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engines to extract and segment texts from their archive of daily newspaper articles. These systems are good at extracting and segmenting text on the paragraph level and lower (i.e., sentences, words, and characters), but less on the article level, resulting in the segmentation of articles into text blocks not attached to their articles. In this thesis, BERT, a natural language processing (NLP) model, is fine-tuned on newspaper articles and used to reconstruct these articles by predicting if a text block is the next or not. A small data set of 127 text blocks from 21 articles is used. The best performing BERT achieved an accuracy of 94% on text block pair prediction when the blocks are ordered. It resulted in 13 reconstructed articles. The performance was reduced when selecting from all possible, unordered text pairs. It was also found that BERT performs well on clustering text blocks from the same articles.
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Frew, Dorothy Jean. "An Improved English Article System for Japanese Speakers." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5020.
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One aspect of the English language which has been overlooked by English-as-a-Second-Language educators is the article system, a, the, and 0. For students from articleless first languages such as Japanese, learning this complex system is a formidable challenge. Performance studies show an error rate among advanced Japanese students of approximately thirty percent. There may be several reasons for this high rate: 1) the differences between Japanese and English, 2) the unusually high degree of complexity/difficulty of the article system itself compared to other English morpheme systems and 3) inadequate treatments of the subject as revealed in this thesis' survey of forty ESL textbooks. Recent pragmatic discoveries about article function reveal subtle, contextual influences which have not been well integrated into traditional treatments. Definiteness may be dependent on sentential, discourse, and situational contexts, on whether referents are unique and manifest to the hearer, and on the nature of certain implicatures induced by the articles. Computerized, interactive tutorials are the best way to capture how these variables interact to constrain article choice. A prototype for a tutorial is submitted with this thesis. In addition to exhaustive explanations of contexts and implicatures in the form of actor's "asides," it features Japanese translations throughout, and, to show how uniqueness may be culture bound, utterances that take place within Japanese culture. Although the tutorial presented here needs enlargement, it is believed that an animated, computerized tutorial emphasizing subtle pragmatic features is more illustrative of actual article usage than have been traditional hard copy explanations.
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Zhang, Zhiyin. "“I never thought about those rules in all my languages” : A comparative study of teaching the English articles in the multilingual classroom from a monolingual or a multilingual approach." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157917.
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This study is conducted to compare the effect of practicing a multilingual approach to a monolingual approach in teaching the English article system for students with multilingual backgrounds. Through a structured experiment in light of sociolinguistic and second language acquisition theories, two different discourses (complexes of signs and practices that organize social existence and social reproduction) structuring different legitimate languages are implemented in each respective approach. In the multilingual approach, all languages in the participants’ language repertoire are legitimized and encouraged, while only Standard English is legitimized in the monolingual approach. Three groups of informants participated in the experiment. Two groups of young informants with low English proficiency, and one group of adult informants with intermediate English proficiency participated in the experiment. The majority of the participants have more than two languages in their language repertoires. The multilingual approach was adopted in one of the young groups and the adult group. The study shows that all informants improved in their use of the English article system, regardless of the different approaches. The informants with lower English proficiency level and with a strongest [-ART] language (language with no articles) improved 40.9% in the multilingual approach, which is almost twice as much as the improvement in the monolingual approach. However, the young informants in both groups tend to be confused about the use of the indefinite article a/an after the exercise. The improvements tend to remain in a longer period of time with the multilingual approach in both the adult group and the young group. In addition, the participants tend to show higher rates of concentration, positive emotional feelings and engagement during and after the multilingual approach. The results suggest that it is beneficial to deploy the multilingual approach, through intentional structuring of the legitimized languages in classroom.
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Nilsson, Marcus, and Alexander Westring. "A decision support system for an improved article placement." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-141688.
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Warehouse storage is an important part of a business supply chain. This is where articles temporary are stored before they either are carried on to the next step of the production or to be delivered to the customers of the company. The largest part of the stock keeping often devoted to the order picking. Order picking includes the activities that are occurring when an article is being picked from its stored position and is being transported to the next step of the flow of the materials. The most time- consuming part of the order picking process are often the time to pinpoint and to get the hold of an article. This implies quite likely that an enhancement of the productivity could be realized, inter alia, through cut the transport distances. SKF Mekan AB is an industrial corporation whose primary occupation is to manufacture bearing housings. Currently, the business has a flawed inventory for stock keeping. A great many of the articles stored in the inventory, entitled 104C, are placed in regard to their measures, without any thought in regard of how frequently the articles are picked. In addition, the article placement that is used today is outdated, which has resulted in that a lot of articles are lacking a specific placement in the inventory. The purpose of storing articles in the inventory 104C is to cope with fluctuations in the next step of the manufacturing, which is the processing factory. The aim of the study is to find out how the article placement looks in the current situation and how decisions concerning article placement are determined and what issues occurs due to this. A decision support system has been developed which purpose is to give SKF Mekan AB decision basis regarding where the different kinds of articles should be placed to attain an increased efficiency in business stock keeping. The decision support system is adaptable to the extent that the user can adjust the parameters that are determining the article placement. The study has been accomplished by means of observations and interviews. With the help of the observations, the layout of the warehouse and the article placement has been mapped out and with the help of the interviews; the results concerning work models and decision-making of article placement has been answered. Through the observations and the interviews appeared that 42.5 % of the stocked pallets were misplaced and that 15.6 % of the stocked pallets lacked a specific placement in the warehouse. This results in that the truck operators has a hard time localizing the pallets, which leads to inefficient labouring. This causes delays in the next step of the supply chain; i. e. the processing factory, meaning the personnel has to wait for the articles to be delivered. With the articles picking frequency and the principle of family grouping as point of reference for the article placement SKF Mekan AB should be able to eliminate non-value adding activities in the supply chain, which should lead to an increased potential of profitability.
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Ozigboh, Ikenga R. A. "THE DEFINJTIVl: REHABILITATION OF BISHOP SHANAHAN: A REVIEW ARTICLE." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1991. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,1562.
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Fleck, Rika. "Wissenshäppchen als Facebook Instant Article – ein durchaus mögliches Zukunftsszenario." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-234535.
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„Hast Du Schwierigkeiten, die richtige Ansprache für Millennials zu finden?“ Dann empfiehlt die Onlinemarketingplattform www.onlinemarketing.de sich die perfekte Videowerbung für die Generation Y anzusehen. Im Video sind „hippe, junge Menschen in Zeitlupe“ zu sehen, die fröhlich sind, sich frei fühlen, lachen, bunte Haare haben, gern mit Freunden zusammen sind und Spaß an der Konversation haben, fotografieren, posten, liken und teilen. Natürlich werden im Video die Klischees überzogen und auch aufs Korn genommen. Aber die Kernaussage stimmt mit der Definition der Millennials überein: Sie sind technikaffin, legen Wert auf ihre Selbstverwirklichung und verfolgen eine hohe Leistungsorientierung. Sie studieren und investieren in die Ausbildung. Es ist aber auch die Generation, die mit dem Smartphone groß geworden ist. Sie beziehen nahezu alle Informationen aus dem Internet und halten sich täglich über mehrere Stunden in den sozialen Medien auf. Die Autorin setzt sich in ihrer Dissertation mit dem Thema auseinander, wie diese Generation sich Wissen aneignet. Sie möchte in Experimenten nachweisen, dass die Millennials anders lernen, weil sie aus der Informationsflut selektieren müssen. Sie wollen ihr Wissen möglichst effektiv, auf das Wesentliche reduziert, präsentiert bekommen. Das sind Erfahrungen der Autorin aus der Lehre.
Dieses Paper fasst Hypothesen und Gedanken zusammen, die provokant und als mögliches Zukunftsszenario beschrieben werden. Dabei geht es einerseits um die Distribution. Wo müssen Lehrvideos veröffentlicht werden, dass sie von der lernenden Zielgruppe wahrgenommen und angenommen werden. Auf der anderen Seite geht es auch um den Content selbst und wie er dargestellt wird – strukturell und visuell. Die Autorin zieht dafür Parallelen zum Journalismus sowie zum Marketing.
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Tsai, Yao-Chang, and 蔡耀昌. "A Forum Article Paraphrasing Model based on Article Implied Emotions." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09296068379047043326.
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碩士南華大學
資訊管理學系
103
Most articles are audited by forum administrator before article posting and sharing in order to improve the quality of the virtual forum articles in virtual forum. However, the users in forum gradually increases, the forum administrator difficultly individually reviews illegal articles and requests users modify their articles. For article posters, the illegal words or sentences may be written unconsciously result in violating community standards; therefore, it may take more time to modify for the illegal articles. This paper constructs a Forum Article Paraphrasing Model based on article implied emotions to analyze the article with extreme words and to rewrite and paraphrase its content to promote the its value. Finally, in order to demonstrate applicability of the proposed methodology, a web-based system is also established based on the proposed model. Furthermore, a real-world case is applied to evaluate the proposed model and system.
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Pearson, Graham S., and N. A. Sims. "Article XXI: Reservations." 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/825.
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Pearson, Graham S., and N. A. Sims. "Article XIV: Amendments." 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/832.
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Hsu, Kai-Zer, and 許愷哲. "The artical of punishment." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f3xsah.
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