Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arte fascista'
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TELES, B. N. "A Arte Vai a Luta: Resistência Artística na Itália Fascista." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9269.
Full textO presente trabalho tem como foco a análise da resistência artística antifascista italiana, que ganhou forma através do filme Ossessione, do cineasta Luchino Visconti. Essa resistência se reuniu durante o fim da década de 1930 e início de 1940 ao redor da revista de crítica cinematográfica Cinema, período do nosso recorte temporal. O período compreendido por esse recorte foi assim estipulado por dois motivos. Primeiramente porque foi uma época em que o regime fascista italiano esteve envolvido em guerras imperialistas, como a guerra da Etiópia, e na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Por esse motivo o regime buscou ter maior controle sobre a imprensa e a arte, usando-os intensamente como forma de propaganda para a manipulação da opinião pública em prol da mobilização para a guerra. O segundo motivo diz respeito à construção de um ambiente de relativa liberdade de expressão ao redor da revista Cinema, dirigida por Vittorio Mussolini, filho do ditador italiano. Essa revista tinha em sua equipe editorial nomes como Gianni Puccini, Giuseppe De Santis, Mario Alicata, Antonio Pietrangeli e Luchino Visconti. Após anos escrevendo ásperas críticas a respeito do tipo de cinema que se produzia nesse período na Itália, esse grupo foi responsável pela produção do filme Ossessione, obra considerada nesse trabalho como a bandeira desse grupo de jovens cineastas, fruto do amadurecimento de um antifascismo artístico. Essa dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar como funcionava a censura do regime fascista italiano, como era o discurso da propaganda fascista nas mídias, e de que forma o grupo responsável pela produção de Ossessione conseguiu utilizar os meios disponíveis para fazer resistência artística ao fascismo, a partir da denúncia da pobreza, da desesperança e da falta de opções em uma sociedade controlada por um regime autoritário fascista.
Oliveira, Marcel Steiner Giglio de. "Arquitetura em São Paulo na Era Vargas - o art déco e a arquitetura fascista nos edifícios públicos (1930 -1945)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-16032010-093020/.
Full textThe objective of this study is the analysis of five works of architecture constructed in the city of São Paulo between 1930 and 1945, years during which Brazil was governed by Getúlio Vargas. The works selected for this study were Pacaembu Stadium, the Municipal Library, the Trianon Tunnel, the Viaduto do Chá, and the Bandeiras Bridge, all constructed by the São Paulo municipal government during the mayorships of Fabio Prado and Francisco Prestes Maia. Using the theories of David Harvey and Robert O. Paxton, the study defines the political and economic moment in which the projects were constructed in the city, taking into consideration the relation between the Brazilian state and architecture in São Paulo.
Héry-Montanes, Emilia. "Fascisme imaginaire : imaginaire du Fascisme dans l'art italien contemporain (1945-2015)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H027.
Full textOver a period spanning 70 years, 1945 through 2015, ltalian artists carried out a "memory" endeavour for those generations that were bom before the fascist era, during the period of its highest imperialistic aims, during the aftermath of the war, and even for the generation of those artists bom 30 years after the end of the war. As a result, a multitude of individual and collective memories had emerged. This work aims to reconstruct and track the history of these memories (whether or not actually experienced by the artist), and to provide the tools to understand the genesis ofthese memories. Analysing "memory" through art pieces is an intimate, singular, and political act. To what extent fascist memory manipulations affect artistic creations? How do the artists react and position themselves, once confronted with the problems of re-defining "Fascism", after the dictatorship fell? Which new "plastic forms" emerge from these new adaptations of individual and collective memories?
Durante settant'anni, dal 1945 al 2015, gli artisti italiani, attraverso le loro opere, hanno svolto un lavoro di memoria. Fra una generazione nata prima del Fascismo, una nata quando questo è al culmine della sua potenza imperialista, un'altra nata dopo la guerra e infine una generazione di giovani artisti nati trent'anni dopo la fine del conflitto, le memorie individuali e collettive si affollano. L'obiettivo di questa ricerca è di ricostruire la storia di queste testimonianze su un passato, vissuto o no, e di fomire gli strumenti per capire le condizioni della loro genesi. Parlare della memoria attraverso le opere d'arte è un'espressione intima, singolare, ma allo stesso tempo un atto eminentemente politico. Nel periodo preso in esame, le manipolazioni della memoria del Fascismo influenzano la creazione su questo tema? Quai è la posizione degli artisti di fronte alle problematiche nate da una ridefinizione del pericolo fascista, sebbene la dittatura sia ufficialmente caduta? Quali forme plastiche son date a queste rimemorazioni e riattualizzazioni?
Manfren, Priscilla. "Niger alter ego: stereotipi e iconografie coloniali nell'Italia del Ventennio." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424415.
Full textIl presente lavoro è dedicato alla raccolta e all'analisi di un nutrito corpus di fonti visive e letterarie italiane, aventi come soggetto le popolazioni nere dell'Africa durante il periodo coloniale; l'arco cronologico indagato è, nello specifico, quello del Ventennio fascista (1922-1943). La ricerca prende in esame svariate tipologie di veicoli delle immagini, quali opere d'arte, riviste illustrate e grafica per l'infanzia, nonché numerosi articoli d'epoca tratti da riviste e quotidiani. Lo scopo del lavoro è quello di indagare le diverse modalità di rappresentazione dell'alterità nera, al fine di mettere in luce i pregiudizi e gli stereotipi generati dalla visione eurocentrica. Prima di passare alla disamina dei diversi clichés emersi dall'insieme delle immagini reperite, il lavoro propone un capitolo introduttivo, dedicato a presentare la metodologia con la quale è stata impostata la ricerca. Il secondo capitolo è suddiviso in due sezioni, l'una rivolta alla contestualizzazione dell'arte a soggetto esotico, della corrente ottocentesca dell'Orientalismo e di alcuni suoi esponenti italiani, l'altra riservata alla presentazione del dibattito in merito all'arte a soggetto coloniale nell'ambito della critica d'arte del Ventennio. Il terzo capitolo, suddiviso anch'esso in diverse sezioni, analizza gli stereotipi maschili e femminili emersi dall'osservazione delle immagini e dalla lettura dei testi d'epoca, tenendo conto di alcuni particolari frangenti storici, quali le guerre italo-etiopiche del tardo Ottocento e del biennio 1935-36, che hanno contribuito alla diffusione di determinati soggetti e iconografie. Il lavoro propone, oltre all'analisi delle immagini, notizie in merito a molti degli artisti citati, utili per comprendere l'arte coloniale del periodo fascista e le vicende dei suoi protagonisti. Concludono il lavoro l'apparato bibliografico, una parte dello spoglio degli articoli d'epoca rintracciati, divisi in fonti a tema artistico e fonti a soggetto etnografico, e il catalogo delle illustrazioni, consistente in una selezione di oltre ottocento elementi.
Gallo, Francesco <1992>. "L'immagine nella medaglistica sportiva fascista." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12306.
Full textWarren, Alec J. "Britain's Green Fascists: Understanding the Relationship between Fascism, Farming, and Ecological Concerns in Britain, 1919-1951." UNF Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/755.
Full textABBONIZIO, ISABELLA. "Musica e colonialismo nell’Italia fascista (1922-1943)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1196.
Full textThe Italian colonial experience lasted just sixty years, spanning the years between the second half of 19th century and the first half of 20th century (1882-1943). During the final twenty years of this experience, Italian imperial politics was driven by the fascist regime. The colonial discourse, already diffuse, soon spread to all fields of knowledge through the regime’s powerful means of propaganda. Art music was also involved. Only in the final two decades of the twentieth century was Italian colonialism granted scholarly consideration, thanks to the development of cultural studies. Fields such as social science and arts, that were traditionally absent, joined the debate. Nevertheless, musicology has remained outside the discourse until now, limiting itself to the consideration of the effects of the Society of Nations’ sanctions on art music programming. The consequences in the creative fields have just been considered in few manifest cases; the impact of colonial politics on ethnomusicology have only been considered superficially until now. This thesis analyzes the relationship between Italian music and Italian fascist colonial politics from four points of view. It first looks at the exportation of the mother country’s cultural identity into the colonies; second, at the colonizer’s attitude towards African indigenous culture; third, at the influence on musical ethnography and finally, at the propaganda produced for the Empire. The first two perspectives are analyzed taking Libya as case-study. Libya was conceived as Italian dominated Africa’s “shop window”. In Libya, Italians built leading colonial theatres, whose programmes followed those in the motherland and offered performances of North African artists for both tourists and local. The increase of exchange between colonies allowed a closer and more extended contact with the indigenous of the African domains. Italian musical ethnographers received a, until now unknown and unrecognised, stimulus for study and knowledge from indigenous traditions. Fascist foreign political choices were mirrored in the creative sphere: with many scores connected with Italian imperial politics created for the occasion of the competitions promoted by the regime in the mid-Thirties. Opposing attempts to remove Italian music during fascism from its historical context, or operations of “purification” pursued for a long time, we demonstrate how music is part of a wider cultural context. We also prove that music cannot be left out of this context: on the contrary, it marks music’s way. Through our thesis we aim to open the field of musicology to cultural studies on Italian colonialism. In this way, we intend to offer a new contribution to the understanding of the complex situation of the Italian music in the first half of 20th century.
Sousa, Alexandre Barros de. "Teatro estudio do Salitre, um teatro improvável entre a arte e a política." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11339.
Full textPretende-se, com este estudo, perceber as motivações essenciais que levaram, em 1946, à fundação do Teatro Estúdio do Salitre, projeto que, durante quatro anos, levou à cena um número significativo de peças de teatro de autores nacionais e estrangeiros, no Micro Teatro, do Instituto Italiano de Cultura de Lisboa, situado na Rua do Salitre, muito perto do Largo do Rato. Pretende-se também analisar as razões que levaram três homens de teatro, Gino Saviotti, Vasco de Mendonça Alves e Luís Francisco Rebelo a associar-se, considerando que, à distância de mais de sessenta anos, essa associação se afigura no mínimo improvável, dadas as suas claras diferenças, tanto ideológicas, como culturais. Um objectivo parece no entanto aproximá-los, o de conseguir um teatro abrangendo um público tão vasto quanto possível, embora com intuitos aparentemente bem diferenciados: Rebelo, querendo oferecer a esse público um teatro de elevado nível intelectual e cénico, experimentando ... diversos recursos contemporâneos da linguagem teatral no sentido de uma crítica iluminada, quer pela obsessão existencial da morte, quer pelo seu progressismo social...1; Saviotti, dando preferência ao lado espetacular, sem dar grande importância ao texto e ao seu conteúdo, defensor de um teatro próximo do teatro de boulevard, um teatro para o povo; Mendonça Alves, desejando, acima de tudo, divertir a audiência, optando pela ligeireza dos textos, escrevendo dramas de moral burguesa e comédias de grande público. Verificar-se-á, concomitantemente, a coerência entre os propósitos iniciais - defendidos em vários documentos, que serão estudados, em particular o Manifesto do Essencialismo Teatral e o Paradoxo sobre o Teatro - e a prática teatral, durante os anos em que o Salitre existiu. Far-se-á, por último, um breve historial das obras apresentadas, dos seus autores e encenadores, bem como dos atores mais conhecidos.
Taddeo, Giulia <1986>. ""All'opera ha fatto seguito il ballo": Danza e stampa nell'Italia fascista." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6967/1/taddeo_giulia_tesi.pdf.
Full textThe dissertation investigates the relationship between dance and press during the fascist period in order to reconstruct the narrative on dance dominating in Italy in the first half of the Twentieth Century and aims to think about the birth of dance criticism in Italy. Unlike what happens in the rest of Europe and in America, in fact, throughout the first half of the twentieth century, Italian press can’t boast the presence of an authentic dance criticism. Grounded on these assumptions, my inquiry focuses on a particular and controversial phase of Italian history such as the Fascist period, aiming, on the one hand , to reconstruct the discourses on dance elaborated by Italian journalism in the early twentieth century, and trying, on the other hand, to wonder about the cultural dynamic underlying the lack of a authentic dance criticism in Italy during the Fascism . Starting from the recognition of some formal and conceptual elements characterising the discourses on dance published on daily newspapers and periodicals, I propose a methodological approach that intertwines an historiographical perspective with concepts derived from semiotics of culture. By this I analyze the discourses mentioned above by posing the following questions: how can dance become one of the topics of journalistic discourse? What's the image of the dancing body developed in Italian journalism during the fascist period? What kind of cultural dynamics can generate the development of a critical discourse on dance? And, on the contrary, in which case is the emergence of a dance criticism inhibited? A special attention is dedicated to three intellectuals who wrote about dance during the fascist period adopting a particularly interesting insight: Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Paolo Fabbri and Marco Ramperti.
Taddeo, Giulia <1986>. ""All'opera ha fatto seguito il ballo": Danza e stampa nell'Italia fascista." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6967/.
Full textThe dissertation investigates the relationship between dance and press during the fascist period in order to reconstruct the narrative on dance dominating in Italy in the first half of the Twentieth Century and aims to think about the birth of dance criticism in Italy. Unlike what happens in the rest of Europe and in America, in fact, throughout the first half of the twentieth century, Italian press can’t boast the presence of an authentic dance criticism. Grounded on these assumptions, my inquiry focuses on a particular and controversial phase of Italian history such as the Fascist period, aiming, on the one hand , to reconstruct the discourses on dance elaborated by Italian journalism in the early twentieth century, and trying, on the other hand, to wonder about the cultural dynamic underlying the lack of a authentic dance criticism in Italy during the Fascism . Starting from the recognition of some formal and conceptual elements characterising the discourses on dance published on daily newspapers and periodicals, I propose a methodological approach that intertwines an historiographical perspective with concepts derived from semiotics of culture. By this I analyze the discourses mentioned above by posing the following questions: how can dance become one of the topics of journalistic discourse? What's the image of the dancing body developed in Italian journalism during the fascist period? What kind of cultural dynamics can generate the development of a critical discourse on dance? And, on the contrary, in which case is the emergence of a dance criticism inhibited? A special attention is dedicated to three intellectuals who wrote about dance during the fascist period adopting a particularly interesting insight: Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Paolo Fabbri and Marco Ramperti.
Costa, Chiara. "Il genere della vanitas nel periodo del ventennio fascista." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422451.
Full textIl genere della vanitas nel periodo del ventennio fascista La ricerca ha preso avvio da un’indagine sul ciclico prosperare del genere vanitas in età contemporanea e precisamente nel XX secolo, senza trascurare l’eredità che in merito giungeva dagli ultimi anni dell’Ottocento né escludere l’influenza esercitata dal Novecento sul primo decennio del XXI secolo. Identificate alcune fasi cruciali in cui lo sviluppo della vanitas assunse particolare rilevanza, lo studio si è poi concentrato sul periodo del ventennio fascista, delimitando l’area d’interesse a quella italiana, in un momento che vede l’Europa intera, e non solo, avviarsi verso le esperienze tragiche della guerra e del genocidio. La tesi si apre con una riflessione sulle diverse tipologie della vanitas, valutando la pertinenza delle opere scelte al confronto con la classificazione consolidata del genere e rilevando gli elementi di continuità e discontinuità rispetto alla tradizione. Si sviluppa, quindi, esaminando il contesto in cui si trovano a operare gli artisti, che nei loro scritti sottolineano il condizionamento esercitato dagli eventi bellici e politici sulla loro esperienza artistica. E, infine, nel tratteggiare l’intensa rete di rapporti tra i protagonisti di questo momento storico, evidenzia come la vanitas prosperi manifestandosi in numerosi esempi, sorti dapprima per la volontà di recuperare un genere nel segno del ritorno all’ordine o di esprimere un’intima angoscia esistenziale; dettati poi dall’urgenza di ribellarsi alla dittatura con uno strumento che, sulla scorta dell’esperienza di Picasso e di Guernica, si servisse di un linguaggio criptato, formato da “equivalenti pittorici” in grado di veicolare all’interno delle vanitates messaggi di opposizione al regime. Dunque, da un iniziale repertorio di immagini esteso a un più ampio ambito cronologico e geografico, ma accomunate dalla rispondenza alle tipologie tradizionali della vanitas, si è provveduto a selezionare le opere appartenenti al periodo del ventennio fascista. Dall’analisi dei casi scelti, nel testo e negli apparati, è di conseguenza emerso non solo un forte legame tra il prosperare delle vanitates e il clima in cui esse nascono, ma anche un utilizzo inconsueto del genere, i cui aspetti iconografici innovativi esaltano una vis polemica inusuale, che supera i confini del monito spirituale per aprirsi alla protesta sociale e politica. Il repertorio emblematico e la natura morale della vanitas vengono, infatti, utilizzati come strumenti di contestazione: mezzi sicuri nella misura in cui tale genere fosse ritenuto secondario e “innocuo” dalla propaganda e potente, invece, per chi comprendeva il messaggio sovversivo celato nella sua simbologia.
Aguirre, Mariana G. "Artistic collaboration in Fascist Italy : Ardengo Soffici and Giorgio Morandi." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318288.
Full textPiccioni, Lucia. "Peinture et politique durant le fascisme italien (1922-1943) : « italianités » en conflit." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0017.
Full textOne of the main purposes of this thesis is to challenge the aesthetic pluralism characterising the situation of figurative arts during the Italian fascist regime (1922-1943) as a warranty of art autonomy. Rather than reducing the artworks and the artists to simple cogs of the propaganda machine, this study wishes to demonstrate that painting in particular, shapes and even anticipates the fascist ideology. The concept of "italianity" and its variants such as "latinity", "romanity" etc. Has emerged as operative notions because of their recurrence in political and artistic textual sources. Those essentialisms carefully observed in the light of post-colonial studies, allow to rebuild the "horizon of expectations" of chosen representations. Therefore, from the human figures of Novecento described by Margherita Sarfatti as the emblem of a neo-classicism of Roman tradition, to the synthetic dimension typical of the aerial futurist landscapes celebrating an Italy ready for war, or even the naked figures of the School of Rome exalting italic archetypes, "italianity" is systematically used to legitimate a "civilization" regenerated by fascism, authoritarian, anticosmopolitan and antidemocratic. This research attempts to study "italianity" as the ideological foundation of a radicalization and to observe how art contributes over time to legitimate the supremacy of Italian "race" in both spiritual and biological terms
Petcavage, Stephanie. "Fascist Art and the Nazi Regime: The Use of Art to Enflame War." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1463130930.
Full textMaillart, Olivier. "Les fables du fascisme : fictions et représentations du fascisme dans la littérature et le cinéma italiens (1959-1989)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100137.
Full textThis thesis analyses Italian novels and films (and also a few German and French works) from the ‘60s to the ‘80s to offer a new history of fascism: it is new because it is not based on the historians’ point of view, but on the artists’ one, using the means of fiction to represent this period. Believing that fable has a hermeneutic intelligence of its own (because unlike the scientific discourse, fable can use imagination and characters), we have tried to unveil some overlooked aspects of life during the Ventennio: epic excess, a haunting and guilty past, variation on the theme of the decadence, monstrousness and sacrifice, dannunzianism and pirandellism (lived as existential possibilities, not just artistic ones). This thesis therefore combines several ambitions: it originates in a new approach of fictional works (especially films by Luchino Visconti, Pier Paolo Pasolini and Bernardo Bertolucci, and novels by Curzio Malaparte, Giorgio Bassani and Elsa Morante), which owes to Umberto Eco as well as to Jacques Rancière, René Girard or Milan Kundera. But it also aims at a new comprehension of fascism and Italian history
Bullo, Eleonora <1985>. "La fotografia sportiva in Italia: dal Fascismo ad oggi." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3512.
Full textAronica, Daniela. "La mirada fascista sobre la guerra civil española: noticiarios y documentales italianos entre historia y propaganda (1936-1943)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/316024.
Full textL’insurrezione armata di Franco riuscì in parte grazie al sostegno materiale e ideologico dell’Italia fascista e della Germania nazista. Quanto accadde in Spagna continuò ad avere ripercussioni sullo scacchiere geopolitico europeo negli anni immediatamente successivi alla guerra civile. Donde l’interesse ad approfondire i rapporti tra tali paesi durante ma anche dopo il conflitto. In questa tesi lo facciamo dal punto di vista italiano. Il che colloca il nostro discorso tra il 18 luglio 1936, quando Franco insorse contro il governo legittimo, e il 25 luglio 1943, quando Mussolini fu deposto. Un meticoloso ed esaustivo lavoro di ricerca e catalogazione dei materiali audiovisivi, nonché la ricostruzione della loro storia produttiva, in stretta interconnessione con il contesto politico-militare dell’epoca, sono stati condizione previa per un esame rigoroso del contributo del cinema non-fictional prodotto dall’Italia di Mussolini a una storia culturale della guerra civile, da un lato; e al dibattito propriamente storiografico, dall’altro. A tale scopo abbiamo dovuto indagare il funzionamento della macchina della propaganda cinematografica fascista sul terreno: i problemi di organizzazione, lo sforzo tecnico ed economico necessario a garantire la copertura della guerra, la questione ricorrente dell’attribuzione delle competenze, i conflittuali rapporti tra le autorità politico-militari italiane e quelle del bando nazionale, gli interventi della censura sia italiana sia spagnola su documentari e notiziari. Ricostruire tale intreccio nella sua complessità ha richiesto un considerevole sforzo di ricognizione di informazioni in emeroteche ed archivi amministrativi, diplomatici e militari. Sono stati altresì scandagliati i fondi cartacei dell’ Istituto Luce e studiati diari, lettere e memorie dei protagonisti. Tutto è stato scrupolosamente confrontato con i film dei due corpora presi in esame: cinegiornali e notiziari. La manipolazione intrinseca a ogni discorso mitico – e quello della propaganda lo è per definizione – ormai non è più di ostacolo a un uso del cinema come fonte primaria, purché l’analisi relativa si svolga con una metodologia coerente con il medium e con strumenti propri della disciplina. Questa era la sfida che ci eravamo posti: studiare l’impiego del dispositivo cinematografico nel processo di creazione dell’universo simbolico in cui la propaganda fascista inscrisse la guerra civile. Ciò ha voluto dire riflettere sulla rappresentazione audiovisualizzata del reale, sulla risemantizzazione delle immagini proprie e del nemico attraverso le pratiche di ricontestualizzazione e risonorizzazione, sull’alterazione tendenziosa del profilmico volta a dare al racconto propagandistico un maggior grado di veridicità e credibilità. Il risultado è uno studio che propone una lettura incrociata su come la storia condizioni il cinema e il cinema, a sua volta, (ri)scriva la storia.
Francisco Franco’s uprising succeeded also thanks to material and ideological support from fascist Italy and nazi Germany. The consequences of the Spanish Civil War would cause a geopolitical ripple effect across Europe in the years immediately following the conflict; one that calls for a close examination of the relationships between those countries during and after the war. This thesis approaches the issue from the Italian perspective thus determining the related time frame under scrutiny here as the period comprised between 18 July 1936 – which marks the beginning of Franco’s military rising against the legally elected Republican government – and 25 July 1943, when Benito Mussolini was demoted from power and arrested. The methodology adopted includes thorough and comprehensive research and cataloguing of audiovisual materials as well as a detailed reconstruction of their production histories in close relationship with the political and military context of the time. Such an approach allowed for a rigorous investigation of how, on the one hand, non-fictional cinema produced by Mussolini’s Italy contributed to the making of a cultural history of the Civil War; and to a proper historiographic debate, on the other. To this purpose I have investigated the workings of fascist propaganda cinema on the field: that is, organizational issues, technical and economic efforts that were necessary to guarantee adequate coverage of the war, the recurrent issue of the attribution of competences, the conflicted relationships between the political and military authorities of both countries and, eventually, censorship intervention both in Italy and in Spain that affected documentaries and newsreels. In order to reconstruct such a complex web of relationships among all the above-mentioned components, I have traced sources in periodicals libraries as well as in archives held at administrative, diplomatic and military institutions. I have also examined printed materials in the fund collections of the Istituto Luce as well as diaries, correspondence and memoirs of actual protagonists of the events described. All such materials have been rigorously analysed and collated with films from both corpora indentified in the thesis. By definition, propaganda aims to produce a mythic narrative: the intrinsic manipulation that any such narrative entails should no longer prevent us from using cinema as a primary source provided that the proposed analysis be guided by a methodology that is consistent with the medium and by tools that are appropriate for the undertaken discipline of study. Thus, the primary task of this research project was to examine the role and use of cinema (both the films and the apparatus) in the creative process of the symbolic universe within which the Civil War was inscribed by fascist propaganda. This task led me to reflect on a number of core issues: the audiovisualized representation of the real; the resemanticization of images – both one’s own and the enemy’s – through instances of recontextualization and dubbing (of sound); the biased alteration of the profilmic aimed at charging the propaganda tale with a higher degree of veracity and believability. As a result, this study proposes a comparative reading of ways in which history may influence cinema making and, vice versa, of how cinema attempts to (re)write history.
Farci, Federica Maria Giovanna <1987>. "Mentone dalla distruzione alla rinascita: la collaborazione tra il gerarca fascista Giuseppe Frediani (1906-1997) e il fotografo pavese Guglielmo Chiolini (1900-1991)." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3648.
Full textMcKeon, J. Michael. "Constructuing [sic] the category Entartete Kunst the Degenerate Art exhibition of 1937 and postmodern historiography." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1142622901.
Full textKessler, Henry A. "The Palazzo della Civilta Italiana: From Fascism to Fendi." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1429640180.
Full textFrétigny-Ryczek, Marie. "L'Ecole romaine de 1918 à nos jours : histoire d'une fortune critique." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0051/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis questions the label « Ecole romaine » (also known as Scuola romana) used to designate a group of painters and sculptors in Rome between 1918 and 1945. We aim to understand the reasons for the success of this expression until now. We use various methods in order to investigate the discourses of both art critics and scholars as well as more fictional texts, often written as testimonies. Furthermore, this work analyses the singular career of each artist and the reception of their works in order to consider the Ecole Romaine within a history of taste in Italy and abroad. Our study follows a chronological development. First, we analyse the reception of the School when active, between 1918 and 1945. Then, we examine the place of our artists in post-war Italy, in a context of great political divisions. Finally, we study how, in the early 1980s, various actors on the artistic scene tried to raise the value of the Ecole Romaine's works on the art market. What were the results of their attempt, and to what extent this renewal of interest had a lasting impact, especially in the museums field ? The questions of artistic modernity and of the relationship between the Ecole Romaine and the fascist regime are central in this research. These constitute new approaches to a theme which has remained relatively unknown outside of Italy
Xiao, Leshan. "Art of the Weimar Republic and the Premonitions of Fascism." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1932.
Full textDauphin, Sandrine. "Art et totalitarisme : l'esthétique comme instrument de propagande." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020070.
Full textIn the first part of the twentieth century, the antagonism between communism and facism was not limited only to ideological and military levels but was also present at cultural levels. Indeed mussolini's italy, hitler's germany and staline's ussr created a common aesthetic in spite of political opposition. Thus, these totalitarian states exploited art for the purpose of propaganda. If art is an active agent of communication between men, then art can also be the manner for ideological expression. How then did art change, orientate and modify an individual's perception of the world in general? architecture reflected pomp and luxury while its large scale works expressed authority crousing fear and admiration at the same time. As for support of the "plastic arts", they allowed, deification of the supreme chief and permitted the announcement of the new man. Art was giving rise form to the totalitarian utopia which existed to transform human nature. Art was not simply the society's reflection but the reflection of the idea the power made of its people. Its allowed the people to believe in spiritual union with the state and its chief
Cagol, Stefano. "Towards a genealogy of the thematic contemporary art exhibition : Italian exhibition culture from the Mostra della Rivoluzione Fascista (1932) to the Palazzo Grassi's Ciclo della Vitalità (1959-1961)." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2013. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1642/.
Full textDEL, ZOPPO SILVIA. "«FERRAMONTI VERGESSEN WIR NICHT»: HISTORICAL AND AESTHETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MUSIC IN A FASCIST INTERNMENT CAMP 1940-1945." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/581980.
Full textLacroix, Michel 1969. "La beaute comme violence : la dimension esthetique du fascisme francais, 1919-1939." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37754.
Full textOur thesis is divided in three parts, each one devoted to one of fascism's central themes: the leader, the youth, and the group. In our first chapter, we examine the charismatic leader's many faces, among which are the poet and the warrior. We then show that fascism's discourse on heroism makes of the epic hero an ideological model and that, in its turn, this ideological hero greatly influenced Pierre Drieu la Rochelle's representation of the hero. But, as we indicate, Drieu's novels reveal that the cult of the hero is both a glorification of the self and a self-hatred. In our second chapter we examine fascism's cult of youth such as it was in Italy and Germany, after which we have demonstrated that, in a way, French fascism was an extreme radicalization of the contemporary French discourse on youth. Then, we analyse one of Robert Brasillach's novels which brings to the fore the dark side of fascism's cult of youth: its death drive.
In our last chapter, we unearth the aesthetic principles underlying fascism's political spectacle, principles that we also find at the heart of Drieu's texts. We consequently state that Drieu has adopted fascism's aesthetic years before he realized he had fascist ideas. Going a little further yet, we stipulate that Drieu thus reveals that the aesthetic was one of the main roads towards fascism. We then establish, in our final conclusion, a synthetic description of fascist aesthetics: an aesthetics of pathos, exhibition, sublime, violence, and death.
Joppolo, Giovanni. "Les arts plastiques en Italie au XXe siècle entre progrès et tradition." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080788.
Full textThis doctorate risultes from a research on works. Among the bulk of articles the author published over the last fifteen years, this choice may be considered as an excursion into the italian twentieth century art (novecento), dialectically seen between progress and tradition. Some chapters display pure research work and supply utmost new information that may help to rectify historical errors (see, for instance, pages concerning fontana and spatialism); others try to introduce new ways of reading works of art (see pages pages about marinetti, de chirico, sironi and the relationship between art and fascism); others constitute a clarifing pedagogic publishing on mouvements and artists whose works have been "revisited" by the author (see pages on manzoni, scuola romana, arte povera, corrente); others, the fruit of daily frequentations of a militant critic, stand rather on the side of an indispensables chronical for the use of future historians and critics (see pages on rotella, dorazio, paladino and "meteric choices") these chapters rveal relevant facts but also supply explication of "clefts" without which understanding of "how the house was built" would be difficul to catch, the field of this research being subject to number of potential contradiction owing to this "history in progress" and the author being, more over, directely committed to this history as a militant critic. It becomes than evident that number of his assesments are to be read as personal opinions. Writing the history of contemporary art implies taking risks, because of a lack of historical distance and because of the complexity of history in the making
Capasso, Alessia <1986>. "Il corpo nell’arte sovietica degli anni Trenta. Affinità e diversità rispetto ai coevi totalitarismi europei: nazismo e fascismo." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3822.
Full textTurba, A. "Il mito di Giulio Cesare e il culto della romanità nel teatro musicale dell'Era Fascista: i casi di Gian Francesco e Riccardo Malipiero." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/456847.
Full textThe musical drama "Giulio Cesare" (1935) by Gian Francesco Malipiero (after Shakespeare’s Tragedy of Julius Caesar and dedicate to Mussolini) and "Giulio Cesare" (1939) by Riccardo Malipiero Jr—an unpublished set of incidental music for Nino Guglielmi’s drama 'for Theater of Masses'—are here observed through the rhetoric of romanity and the ‘Mussolinian Caesarism’ during the last decade of the Fascist era. Besides considering their cultural and performative context and the relationship between art and power in this age, these two works are analyzed through the historiographical approach of 'Sacralization of politics' and, in musical terms, through topic theory in order to demonstrate the existence of a ‘romain musical texture’.
Janulardo, Ettore. "L'image de la ville dans l'architecture, la peinture et la narration italiennes de l'entre-deux-guerres." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2018.
Full textMollard, Ingrid. "L’homme volant : l’imaginaire aéronautique dans la culture visuelle européenne de 1903 à 1937." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040054.
Full textAeronautics underwent a significant development during the first decades of the 20th century. Helped by new technological advancements aeronautics quickly became omnipresent in all sectors of the European life and culture. From the figure of the airplane’s pilot emerged subtly, then with strength, the image of a strong and brave man personifying his country. Finding a favorable receptacle in the Great War’s heroes, the totalitarian governments shaped the pilot as the avatar of an ideal man. The European imagination of the first third of the 20th century gave birth to the "flying man", a facet of the “new man”, embodying the greatness of its nation
Kampa, Artemise. "Le syncrétisme esthétique de Forces Nouvelles (1935-1942) : une voie pour la définition de l’identité culturelle française dans l’imaginaire de l’entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100081/document.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the problematic, paradoxical position of the group known as Forces Nouvelles within the large movement of a return to realistic figuration, which takes place in the context of interwar aesthetics. Forces Nouvelles, launched in 1935 as an anti-modern, anti-conformist group, proposes a new pictorial language, a more sensitive realism at the service of the expression of the interiority of human beings and remote from social and ideological associations, beyond trivial realism and jaded classicism. This humanistic realism would confer a noble aesthete's profile to the group. Such ambivalence between realism and classicism, between activism and aestheticism is carried over in art criticism even after the dissolution of the group in 1942. This ambiguous, obscure identity of Forces Nouvelles becomes meaningful in the light of the spiritual and ideological quest of the 1930s intelligentsia, which revolted against materialist ideology, whether liberal or Marxist, aspiring to a new, more spiritual and moral, modernity. In its exploration of a new alternative, which is neither right nor left-oriented, it veers towards the most anachronistic conservatism verging on fascism. Having intellectual affinities with the radical elite, this both nihilistic and eclectic group, strives to achieve original aesthetics - modern and spiritual - and a new Renaissance. Based on a supposed authentic pictorial tradition Forces Nouvelles adopts a realistic style, grave and sober, verging on archaism. Resonating with the vision of this non-conformist generation and the advent of a new moral order Forces Nouvelles puts forward a realistic style with an existential basis as the aesthetics of ultra-modernity
Giorio, Maria-Beatrice. "Gli scultori italiani e la Francia : influenze e modelli francesi nella prima metà del novecento." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100053/document.
Full textThis study has analyzed the presence of Italian sculptors in Paris from the beginning of the 20th Century to the end of the third decade, with the aim of reconstructing an important chapter of the history of artistic exchanges between Italy and France. We have favored an historical-philological method, based on critical publications and old French and Italian press.Concerning the beginning of the century, we have remarked a considerable participation of Italians in the main expositions in the French capital, such as official Salons; critical and market success allowed them to get a main role in the crew of the most popular artists.During the twenties, we have noted a less considerable participation of Italian sculptors; we have interpreted it in relation to historical context of fascist Italy, where the government was trying to develop a national cultural program. The Italian artists in France, after the First World War, didn't share the new Italian artistic orientation; they went on with outdated aesthetic choices.The last part of our research was interested in the development of the new Italian artistic language, finally known out of Italy. The Italian sculptors consequently could take part in arts activity in Paris, showing the face of a new sculpture, finally aware of its potentialities. France gave these experimentations a good welcome in the aim of constituting a longtime friendship with the Italian country
Del, Gaudio Immacolata. "Il cinema arma di propaganda nel primo franchismo (1936-1945). Un confronto con il "modello" italiano." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2019. http://elea.unisa.it:8080/xmlui/handle/10556/4250.
Full textWith reference to the studies concerning the relationship between Cinema and History, the research focuses on the development of Spanish Cinematography during the first Francoism, in the period from the beginning of the Civil War to the end of the Second World War. The main purpose is to evaluate if the regime generated by the military coup of 1936 exploited the cinema as a propagandistic instrument to influence public opinion, legitimate its authority, re-define national identity and reclaim an important international rule, as the other authoritarian states of the time. The different forms of the State intervention are analyzed moving from bureaucracy built by the new government through a legal system based on protectionist rules, financial incentives and repressive procedures. Their characteristics and implications are related to the ideology and national/international political context. More specifically, film policy was articulated in an autarchic economic structure, a widespread censure, the violent persecution of dissidents and the diffusion of an idealized representation of Francoism and its origin. The eighteen numbers of the Noticiario español, a newsreel produced between the 1938 and 1941 with foreign support, is the first attempt to justify the Alzamiento and promote nationalist ideas through the cinema abroad. We can see the State intervention also in the cinematographic industry, in the narrative films and in the most popular genres. After the end of Civil War the production is generally heterogeneous, distant from the official rhetoric and realized to entertain, but in the historical films and in the “cine de cruzada” there are all main topoi of nationalist propaganda, at the first influenced above all by Falange Española. The most significant movie of this kind of cinema is Raza, made with an important economic state effort in the 1941 and based on the homonymous literary text written by Francisco Franco. The comparison between the two works shows how they are similar and how strong the mark of the dictator is. Its distribution in the countries of Rome-Berlin Axis and in Latin America, the presentation to Venice Film Festival and the existence of a second version prove the connection between Cinema and diplomatic relationships. Indeed in 1950 the film was modified, the title was changed in Espíritu de una raza, the copies of first movie were destroyed: only after the fall of the Berlin Wall it has been possible to understand the differences between the two works thanks to the discovery of the previous film strip. It is evident that Francoist regime gave a special attention to its international image. The foundation of NO-DO, an official and exclusive newsreel necessarily shown on the Spanish screens from January 1943 to 1975, and voluntarily till 1981, completes a complex and articulated framework. So the Spanish regime can be considered one of the political subject that used cinema as a propagandistic weapon in the twentieth century, in spite of difficulties, delay and failings. In this transnational perspective, the last chapter of this thesis compare the Francoist cinematographic system to the Italian organization. Even if there were different contexts and results, the similar strategies and tools pointed out confirm that the fascist film policy represented a “model” that inspired Spanish government. [edited by Author]
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Nicoletto, Meris. "Percorsi tra tradizione e modernità all'interno dell'universo femminile nel cinema di regime (1929-1943)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422662.
Full textTitolo: Percorsi tra tradizione e modernità all'interno dell'universo femminile nel cinema di regime (1929-1943) Se si prendono in esame gli studi critici sulla figura femminile nel cinema del Ventennio, si scopre che esistono solo alcune pubblicazioni, per lo più biografie o saggi sul divismo. Altri studi, utili ma piuttosto periferici, affrontano aspetti socio-culturali della produzione filmica sotto il fascismo, senza riservare alle donne quello spazio da protagoniste che di fatto possedevano all'interno delle storie raccontate sul grande schermo. Questo lavoro di ricerca si propone dunque di tracciare un ritratto della figura muliebre attraverso percorsi per tipologie (la peccatrice, la madre, la vittima, la femme fatale, la donna nuova, ecc..), in un periodo compreso tra il 1929 e il 1943. Si è scelto come termine a quo il 1929, quando Mario Camerini gira Rotaie, mentre come termine ad quem il 1943, l'anno di Ossessione (1943), diretto da Luchino Visconti, un film di svolta, in quanto si afferma un ruolo femminile inedito rispetto a quello veicolato dalla produzione del periodo. Le due pellicole rappresentano infatti le due anime della figura femminile: la prima, che ritroveremo con una certa continuità all'interno del melodramma, è la donna come strumento di conversione dell'uomo. La seconda invece trascina l'uomo, attraverso la passione dei sensi, alla perdizione. La prima incarna la moglie e madre esemplare tanto decantata dalla propaganda fascista, la seconda lo sfaldamento dellâistituzione familiare. Considerando l'ampio corpus di film girati nel periodo preso in esame, i percorsi si sono diramati in più direzioni mantenendo però come stella polare l'evoluzione diacronica delle presenze femminili all'interno dei due macrogeneri (la commedia e il melodramma). La produzione cinematografica di regime rivolge il proprio interesse quasi esclusivo alla commedia, genere d'evasione prediletto anche a Hollywood, per iniettare sogni di benessere in un contesto critico sul piano storico ed economico. La maggior parte delle pellicole, pur imitando i modelli americani o francesi o magiari o tedeschi, propone tipologie di donne meno emancipate e trasgressive di quelle straniere, ma ugualmente animate da desideri di indipendenza verso cui il regime mostrava un atteggiamento ambiguo e contraddittorio: mentre si emanavano leggi volte a relegarle ancora al focolare domestico, promuovendone l'immagine edulcorata di madri e mogli esemplari, si voleva, allo stesso tempo, coinvolgerle attivamente nella vita pubblica, allontanandole inevitabilmente dalla tutela paterna o coniugale. Le commedie analizzate (capitoli II, III, IV) offrono quasi sempre un finale conciliante in cui le pulsioni di emancipazione dell'universo muliebre vengono smorzate all'interno del rassicurante nucleo domestico, anche se in alcuni film, soprattutto dei primi anni Quaranta, si riscontra una certa insofferenza nei riguardi del modello oleografico femminile propagandato dal regime. E' il genere melodrammatico (capitoli V, VI, VII), poco frequentato dalla produzione cinematografica se non verso la fine degli anni Trenta, in piena campagna autarchica, e durante la guerra, che riserva alle protagoniste parti pressoché inusuali fino a quel momento: prostituta, ragazza madre, adultera. Essendo il melodramma luogo naturale per un protagonismo al femminile, si è deciso di riservare ampio spazio all'analisi di pellicole melodrammatiche, nonostante la loro ridotta presenza sul grande schermo rispetto alle commedie. Il messaggio educativo riservato al cinema, e in particolare al mélo, genere del conflitto dell'individuo con la società, è quasi sempre quello di indirizzare il pubblico, soprattutto femminile, a non lasciarsi andare a comportamenti devianti, contrari alla morale comune; in qualche film trapela invece un messaggio diverso grazie a protagoniste disposte a mettersi contro le regole sociali imperanti, pur di affermare il loro diritto alla libertà, nonostante l'esito tragico delle loro storie personali (I bambini ci guardano, Ossessione, Malombra). Le trame dei film melodrammatici appaiono ispirate e guidate dall'urgenza morale di ammonire la donna nuova esposta ai pericoli della vita cittadina, vittima della propria fragilità interiore, facile preda delle avances maschili. Il codice di condotta morale rivolto alle giovani spettatrici è questo: non è concesso alle donne alcuna debolezza passionale prima e dopo il matrimonio; non devono assolutamente confondere eros con agape.
Comtois, Justine. "Nationalisme et cosmopolitisme chez Alfredo Casella (1883-1947)." Thèse, Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5958.
Full textCette thèse a pour objectif d’approfondir les notions de nationalisme et de cosmopolitisme ainsi que les liens qui peuvent exister entre elles à travers l’œuvre et la carrière de Casella. Le pianiste et compositeur italien Alfredo Casella est né à Turin en 1883. Les conservatoires italiens de l’époque ne pouvant lui offrir une formation musicale adéquate et complémentaire à celle reçue auprès de sa famille, Casella gagne la France. Il fait ses études au Conservatoire de Paris jusqu’en 1902, auprès de Gabriel Fauré et Louis Diémer. Au cours de ces années passées en France (1896-1915), Casella prend une part active dans la vie musicale parisienne. Il se produit dans plusieurs salons, dans de nombreux concerts organisés par des sociétés françaises (à la fois comme pianiste et comme compositeur). À travers son activité journalistique très riche, Casella s’implique activement dans les débats et les polémiques ayant cours à l’époque dans le milieu musical français. Lors de ces dix-neuf années françaises, Casella est exposé aux courants nationalistes qui habitent les milieux artistiques français. Parallèlement à ces tendances, Casella baignera dans les diverses influences étrangères (russes, allemandes, espagnoles, hongroises) qui convergent vers cette véritable plaque tournante qu’est le Paris du début du XXe siècle. Ces multiples influences (celles de Stravinsky, Bartók, De Falla, entre autres) se retrouvent toutes intégrées dans ses œuvres musicales. À tel point que l’on surnommera Casella le « caméléon ». Le déclenchement de la Première Guerre mondiale force Casella à retourner en Italie. La péninsule est alors dominée par la musique d’opéra et la production de musique instrumentale y est presque inexistante. Casella se donne la mission de « rénover » la musique instrumentale et de combattre activement le courant conservateur associé à la musique d’opéra italienne. Un tel renouveau musical sera possible, selon Casella, si les compositeurs italiens de la nouvelle génération parviennent à renoncer aux excès sentimentaux du romantisme. C’est ce que Casella s’efforcera de faire dans ses propres œuvres. Mais ce ne sera pas suffisant. Les jeunes compositeurs devront étudier les œuvres des grands maîtres italiens des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, tout en intégrant les innovations techniques des musiques contemporaines européennes. Casella proposera un programme d’éducation s’adressant autant aux jeunes compositeurs qu’au public italien. La pédagogie sera la clé qui permettra d’accéder au renouveau musical. Professeur de piano à l’Accademia Santa Cecilia, puis au Conservatoire de Rome et finalement à l’Accademia Chigiana de Sienne, Casella se servira de ces positions pour initier le mouvement dont il se veut le porte-parole. Il mettra également sur pied deux sociétés de concerts, la Società Italiana di Musica Moderna (1916-1918) et la Corporazione delle Nuove Musiche (1924-1928). Avec ces deux sociétés de concerts destinées à faire reconnaître les musiques contemporaines en Italie, Casella parvient à se forger un impressionnant réseau international qui contribuera à son vaste plan de développement de la musique italienne dans un contexte mondial. L’objectif de Casella est de redonner sa dignité à l’art musical italien. Dans les années 1930, sa volonté de rénover la musique de la péninsule concorde avec plusieurs traits de la politique culturelle du régime fasciste de Benito Mussolini. Le nom de Casella sera donc souvent associé aux réalisations culturelles du régime fasciste, ce qui semble contradictoire avec les intentions universalisantes du compositeur.
This dissertation seeks to study the notions of nationalism and cosmopolitanism as well as the possible links between them, through the work and career of Casella. The Italian pianist and composer Alfredo Casella was born in Turin in 1883. Being unable to obtain in the Italian conservatories of the time an adequate musical formation, that would have been complementary to the one received through his family, Casella reaches France. He studies at the Paris Conservatory until 1902, as a pupil of Gabriel Fauré and Louis Diémer. During the years spent in Paris (1896-1915), Casella takes an active part in the Parisian musical life. He performs in many salons, in many concerts organized by French societies (both as a pianist and as a composer). Through his very rich journalistic activity, Casella implicates himself actively in the current debates and polemics of the French musical environment. During these nineteen French years, Casella is exposed to the nationalist currents that inhabit the French artistic milieux. Simultaneously to the very strong expression of this nationalism, Casella will literally be imbued in the various foreign influences (Russian, German, Spanish, Hungarian) than present in this center that is the Paris of the beginning of the XXth century. These multiple influences (those of Stravinsky, Bartók, De Falla) are all integrated in his compositional work, to such an extent that one calls Casella the « chameleon ». The First World War forces Casella to return to Italy. The peninsula is than dominated by operatic music and the instrumental music production is almost inexistent. Casella gives himself the mission of reforming the instrumental music and of fighting actively against Italian operatic music. Such a musical revival will be possible, according to Casella, if Italian composers manage to give up sentimental excesses of the romanticism. This is what Casella will endeavor to do in his own works. But it will not be sufficient. The young composers will have to study the works of Italian great master of the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, while integrating technical innovations of European contemporary musics. Casella suggests a reeducation program for the young composers, but also for the Italian public. The pedagogy is, according to Casella, the key which will give access to this musical revival. He will be piano teacher at the Accademia Santa Cecilia, tan at the Rome Conservatory and, finally at the Accademia Chigiana in Sienne. These teaching positions will give him the opportunity to initiate his protégés into Italian classical musics, but also into foreign contemporary musics. He will also set up two concert societies, the Società Italiana di Musica Moderna (1916-1918) and the Corporazione delle Nuove Musiche (1924-1928). With these two concert societies dedicated to make recognize contemporary music in Italy, Casella succeeds in building up an impressive international network which will contribute to his vast plan of the Italian music’s development in a world context. Casella’s first intention is to give back its dignity to the Italian musical art. During the 1930’s, his wish to renovate the music of the peninsula corresponds to several facets of the cultural politic of Benito Mussolini’s fascist regime. Thus, Casella’s name will often be associated to the cultural achievements of the Regime, which seems in contradiction with the composer’s universalizing intentions.
Questa tesi cerca di approfondire le nozioni di nazionalismo e di cosmopolitismo come pure i legami che possono esistere tra di esse attraverso l'opera e la carriera di Casella. Il pianista e compositore italiano Alfredo Casella nacque a Torino in 1883. I conservatori italiani dell’epoca non potendo offrirgli un’adeguata formazione musicale, complementare a quella ricevuta presso la sua famiglia, Casella raggiunge la Francia. Studia al Conservatorio di Parigi fino a 1902, presso Gabriel Fauré e Louis Diémer. Nel corso di questi anni passati in Francia (1896-1915), Casella prende una parte attiva nella vita musicale parigina. Si produce in molti salotti, in molti concerti organizzati da società francesi (allo stesso tempo come pianista e come compositore). A traverso la sua ricchissima attività giornalistica, Casella s’impegna attivamente nei dibattiti e nelle polemiche in corso all’epoca nell’ambiente musicale francese. Durante questi diciannove anni francesi, Casella è esposto ai correnti nazionalisti che abitano i mezzi artistici francesi. Parallelamente alla fortissima espressione di questo nazionalismo, Casella sarà letteralmente bagnato nelle diverse influenze straniere (russi, tedesche, spagnole, ungheresi) allora presenti in questo vero punto di convergenza ch’è la Parigi del primo novecento. Queste numerose influenze (quelle di Stravinsky, Bartók, De Falla) si ritrovano tutte integrate nella sua opera, a tal punto che si chiama Casella il « camaleonte ». L’avvio della prima guerra mondiale forza Casella a tornare in Italia. La penisola è allora dominata dal melodramma e la produzione di musica strumentale è quasi inesistente. Casella si da la missione di rinnovare la musica strumentale e di combattere attivamente il melodramma italiani. Un tale rinnovamento musicale sarà possibile, secondo Casella, se i compositori italiani della nuova generazione giungono a rinunciare agli eccessi sentimentali del romanticismo. È ciò che Casella si sforzerà di fare nelle sue opere proprie. Ma non sarà sufficiente. I giovani compositori dovranno studiare le opere dei grandi maestri italiani del seicento e del settecento, integrando anche le innovazioni tecniche delle musiche contemporanee europee. Casella propone una rieducazione dei giovani compositori, ma anche del pubblico italiano. La pedagogia è, per Casella, la chiave che permetterà l’accesso al rinnovamento musicale. Primo, sarà professore di pianoforte all’Accademia Santa Cecilia, poi al Conservatorio di Roma e, finalmente all’Accademia Chigiana di Siena. Queste posizione di professore gli daranno l’occasione d’iniziare i suoi protetti alle musiche classiche italiane, ma anche alle musiche contemporanee straniere. Metterà anche in piedi due società di concerti, la Società Italiana di Musica Moderna (1916-1918) e la Corporazione delle Nuove Musiche (1924-1928). Con queste due società di concerti destinate a fare riconoscere le musiche contemporanee in Italia, Casella riesce a fabbricarsi un'impressionante rete internazionale che contribuirà al suo vasto piano di sviluppo della musica italiana in un ambiente mondiale. Lo scopo primo di Casella è di ridare la sua dignità all'arte musicale italiana. Negli anni 1930, la sua volontà di rinnovare la musica della penisola conviene con molti aspetti della politica culturale del regime fascista di Benito Mussolini. Così, il nome di Casella sarà spesso associato alle realizzazioni culturali portate dal regime, ciò che sembra contraddittorio con le intenzioni universalizzanti del compositore.
Dunleavy, Berge Sara. "Grasping at Modernism in 1932: Alternative Readings of Das Blaue Licht, a Collaboration of Leni Riefenstahl and Béla Balázs." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/301.
Full textD’Andrea, Desirée. "Difesa idraulica delle aree di pianura dalle piene al limite della prevedibilità: asta medio inferiore del Fiume Po." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1000/.
Full textJohnson, Dawnielle. "Authors and Facism: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Literary Resistance in Italy and Spain." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/773.
Full textBachelors
Arts and Sciences
Foreign Languages and Literatures
Palazzetti, Nicolo'. ""Le musicien de la liberté." Le réception de Béla Bartók en Italie (1900-1955)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0085.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the reception of Béla Bartók’s music and figure in Italy during the first half of the twentieth century. From a musicological standpoint, the analysis of Bartók’s influence on the works of several Italian composers (from Alfredo Casella to Bruno Maderna) invites us to reconsider the evolution of artistic modernism in Italy, as well as the foundations of Bartók’s poetics – which is informed by Hungarian nationalism, the “purity” of peasant folklore, and the utopia of “night music”. Furthermore, the study of the forms of transmission and criticism of one of the canonical composers of the last century raises broader issues concerning cultural history, such as: the continuity between artistic modernism and totalitarianism, the forms and meanings of cultural resistance, the relation between music and diplomacy, and the construction of the antifascist myth of Bartók.This thesis argues that the Bartókian Wave, which emerged in Italy during the early Cold War period, was the result of the fusion between the Bartók myth – i.e. the “musician of freedom” celebrated by the critic Massimo Mila – and the myth of national regeneration: a fusion that had its origins in the soundscape of Fascist dictatorship and the Resistenza
Schiavon, Chiara. "Análisis del contexto cultural del noreste italiano en tres épocas distintas: la Guerra Fría, el Fascismo y la República de Venecia según las Genealogías de diferentes cuerpos en acción: bailarinas, feministas, performers futuristas, balie, mondine e impiraresse." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/90529.
Full textResumen Esta tesis se propone como un trabajo de traducción, como la tentativa de transmitir un contexto que involucra los cuerpos, entrelazando los relatos genealógicos con los geopolíticos. Investigamos el cuerpo en acción en el noreste italiano, nuestro contexto de origen, desde una perspectiva desarraigada, ya que a partir de 2004 estamos afincadas en el suroeste europeo (en València). Recogemos y analizamos algunas expresiones artísticas legitimadas, como el ballet clásico, la danza modern jazz, las propuestas futuristas próximas a la performance, o la anatomía artística, así como aquellas populares de mujeres subalternas realizadas durante el trabajo, en sus vidas y tiempos cotidianos que a lo largo de la Guerra Fría, el Fascismo y la República de Venecia han creado nuestra cultura de referencia. Pese a la construcción de la identidad contemporánea europea, que aspira homologar las diferencias hacia el proyecto capitalista y el consumo del presente, el legado de los cuerpos subalternos es capaz de resistir y transmitir genealogías, herencias de historias sometidas o asimiladas, pero generadoras de prácticas próximas a las artísticas como el canto o el ganchillo. Este último de hecho, será nuestra metodología en cuanto nos permite desmontar tramas que se nos presentan hechas y re-tejer, con una cierta simultaneidad, cada cosa con un orden y un sentido diferente, no estructurado por las perspectivas ideológicas y económicas, propias del contexto de referencia, sino genealógicas. Por esto la cronología de esta tesis es contraria a las series temporales al uso y termina con el estudio de la Serenissima (la República de Venecia) un ejemplo de organización proto-capitalista que nos devuelve al día de hoy. Las diásporas de los sures y estes globales nos ayudan a responsabilizarnos del proceso de-colonial que occidente necesita emprender. Los relatos coloniales que atraviesan también las culturas subalternas de nuestro contexto y nuestras familias demuestran cómo, en su emancipación hacia lo dominante, han elegido blanquearse. Es decir, adherirse al proyecto nacional imperialista que es hoy, también, capitalista. Encaminarse por lo tanto en procesos de "devenir minoritarios" que aspiran perder poder, permite realizar un análisis que intente acercarse a la verdad de los cuerpos en acción, poniendo voz a los silencios que conservan sus posiciones dominantes. Consideramos estos esfuerzos necesarios y dirigidos a compartir un cotidiano "otramente comunitario" más igualitario, equilibrado y pacífico.
Resum Esta tesi es proposa com un treball de traducció, com a temptativa de transmetre un context que involucra els cossos, entrellaçant els relats genealògics amb els geopolítics. Investiguem el cos en acció al nord-est italià -el nostre context d'origen- des d'una perspectiva desarrelada: ja que a partir de 2004 estem establides en el sud-oest europeu (València). Recollim i analitzem algunes expressions artístiques legitimades -com el ballet clàssic, la dansa modern jazz, les propostes futuristes pròximes a la performance, o l'anatomia artística- així com aquelles expressions populars de dones subalternes realitzades al treball, a la vida i temps quotidià. Expressions que al llarg de la Guerra Freda, el Feixisme i la República de Venècia han creat la nostra cultura de referència. A pesar de la construcció de la identitat contemporània europea -que aspira homologar les diferències cap al projecte capitalista i el consum del present- el llegat dels cossos subalterns és capaç de resistir i transmetre genealogies -herències d'històries sotmeses o assimilades- generadores de pràctiques pròximes a les artístiques: com el cant o "el ganxillo". Aquest últim de fet serà la nostra metodologia ja que ens permet desmuntar trames que se'ns presenten fetes i reteixir -amb una certa simultaneïtat- cada cosa amb un orde i un sentit diferent, no estructurat per les perspectives ideològiques i econòmiques pròpies del context de referència, sinó fer-ho a aprtir de referències genealògiques. Per açò la cronologia d'esta tesi és contrària a les sèries temporals més comunes i acaba amb l'estudi de la Serenissima (la República de Venècia) un exemple d'organització proto-capitalista que ens fa tornar a l'actualitat. Les diàspores del sud i est global ens ajuden a responsabilitzar-nos del procés de-colonial que occident necessita emprendre. Els relats colonials que travessen també les cultures subalternes del nostre context i les nostres famílies demostren com han triat blanquejar-seen la seua emancipació cap al dominant. És a dir, adherir-se al projecte nacional imperialista que és hui -també- capitalista. Encaminar-se per tant en processos "d'esdevindre minoritaris" -que aspiren a perdre poder- permet realitzar una anàlisi que intente acostar-se a la veritat dels cossos en acció, posant veu als silencis que conserven les seues posicions dominants. Considerem aquestos esforços necessaris i dirigits a compartir un quotidià "altrament comunitari" més igualitari, equilibrat i pacífic.
Schiavon, C. (2017). Análisis del contexto cultural del noreste italiano en tres épocas distintas: la Guerra Fría, el Fascismo y la República de Venecia según las Genealogías de diferentes cuerpos en acción: bailarinas, feministas, performers futuristas, balie, mondine e impiraresse [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/90529
TESIS
Da, Costa José. "Les discours politiques de Salazar (1928-1936) : de l’équilibre des comptes à la conversion des âmes." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040132.
Full textThis research work endeavours to show how the ethos, logos and pathos emerging in the political speechs of António de Oliveira Salazar and the propaganda of the New State between 1928 and 1936 contribued to a stronger dictatorial response to the crisis og late 1920s in Portugal. As Salazar attached great value to a Christian vision of man and society, his speechs turned out to be a formidable weapon used in the conversion of souls, which was a crucial goal of the Salazarist regenaration aiming to reinstate the country’s Christian tradition and to pave the way for the emergence of a New Man, in a contexte marked from then on by the close ties between the political and the religious
Weatherman, Andrea Dawn. "Prophecy Fulfilled? Walter Benjamin's Vision and Steve Reich's Process." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1300577313.
Full textHenry, Yann. "Une Espagne borgne : la vision des photographes espagnols et étrangers durant la période médiane du franquisme (1945‐1959)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20059.
Full textAfter General Franco’s victory on April 1st, 1939, a military and ecclesiastical dictatorship takes hold of Spain. A “time of silence” sets in for the vanquished of the war. After 1945, however, the dictatorship survives the demise of the political regimes it had modelled itself on and goes through several stages. Under the median period of Franquism (1945–1959), the regime, in a phase of consolidation, sets itself up as National-Catholic. In the realm of photography, both professional and amateur practices are up against harsh, manifold prohibitions, and the national imagery displays introversion and respect for conventions. Spanish photography proves the follower or mandatory vassal of Franquism; its avant-gardesare annihilated, its reports muzzled, while retrograde movements, such as late Pictorialism, are glorified. It conveys only a one-eyed vision of reality in that its subjects respond to a conventional nostalgia reflecting a bygone past in affected, academic fashion.However, a surge of modernity, as well as thin trickles of fresh air, emerges from the provinces –where amateur associations come into light– and from the vision of some foreign photographers then touring Spain. We will question common practices and scrutinize the esthetics of these images in order to find out how, to what extent and in what way theseSpanish and foreign photographers have managed to picture Spanish society between 1945 and 1959: some with a view to legitimizing the authorities in control, others in a modernist, humanist frame of mind
Pacchiani, Serena. "La sezione italiana all'Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Bruxelles 1935. Ricostruzione di un'identità frammentaria tra arte, architettura e propaganda." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1152415.
Full textSendas, Joana Sofia Pimenta. "Roma moderníssima. Retrato da metrópole fascista (1922-1943)." Master's thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/81707.
Full textThe theme of this Dissertation is the city of Rome understood not only as aphysical form but above all as a set of values and symbolisms inherent in hisimage and memory, associated with building an ideal and modern politicalscenario, particularly the fascist movement during the Mussolini period (1922-43).The problem of the equation arises from the interpretation of the politicalmovement as an organizer of space, a key identifier for the study of thetransformation and modernization of the city of Rome between wars, since theirsuccessive conceptions and contradictions are, in essence, the perfect simulacrumof the fascist modern metropolis. The importance of the city is, in our opinion,subject to the fact that it is the physical product built from metaphors and rhetoricsand therefore the generator of an ideal and a political instrument.City whose ancient form seems chaotic and crowded: one frame of monumentscomposed of imperial fragments, myths and timeless values of glory, andsymbolism of Roman nature. This specific identity calls for ownership and revivalof the consolidated figures for them to associate a number of new modern images,representing the ideologies of political movement and decisive, therefore, in theirpropaganda, rise, and affirmation. It is precisely the importance of romanità myththat is the key to understanding the value of the city of Rome - ancient city - andthe implementation of its condition for new and updated fascist urban reality - newcity.Ancient and modern are terms that the text refers selectively in trying to build aperspective on the ideal identity of the fascist policy, and the city as an expressionof it. It is, therefore, the realization of the fascist urban space that is the subject ofthis work, a political perspective and strongly linked to the recognition andmeasurement of space by the regime and the regime through space.
Sendas, Joana Sofia Pimenta. "Roma moderníssima. Retrato da metrópole fascista (1922-1943)." Dissertação, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/81707.
Full textThe theme of this Dissertation is the city of Rome understood not only as aphysical form but above all as a set of values and symbolisms inherent in hisimage and memory, associated with building an ideal and modern politicalscenario, particularly the fascist movement during the Mussolini period (1922-43).The problem of the equation arises from the interpretation of the politicalmovement as an organizer of space, a key identifier for the study of thetransformation and modernization of the city of Rome between wars, since theirsuccessive conceptions and contradictions are, in essence, the perfect simulacrumof the fascist modern metropolis. The importance of the city is, in our opinion,subject to the fact that it is the physical product built from metaphors and rhetoricsand therefore the generator of an ideal and a political instrument.City whose ancient form seems chaotic and crowded: one frame of monumentscomposed of imperial fragments, myths and timeless values of glory, andsymbolism of Roman nature. This specific identity calls for ownership and revivalof the consolidated figures for them to associate a number of new modern images,representing the ideologies of political movement and decisive, therefore, in theirpropaganda, rise, and affirmation. It is precisely the importance of romanità myththat is the key to understanding the value of the city of Rome - ancient city - andthe implementation of its condition for new and updated fascist urban reality - newcity.Ancient and modern are terms that the text refers selectively in trying to build aperspective on the ideal identity of the fascist policy, and the city as an expressionof it. It is, therefore, the realization of the fascist urban space that is the subject ofthis work, a political perspective and strongly linked to the recognition andmeasurement of space by the regime and the regime through space.
Pegorin, Elisa. "ARQUITECTURA E REGIME EM ITÁLIA E PORTUGAL. OBRAS PÚBLICAS NO FASCISMO E NO ESTADO NOVO (1928-1948)." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/125917.
Full textThe present PhD thesis has as its main object, research and analysis, the study of the relationshipsbetween Italian and Portuguese architecture, in two decades between 1928 and 1948: from ahistorical point of view, in fact, Italy and Portugal lived a similar political context, characterizedby two dictatorial regimes, respectively, by Mussolini in Italy (1922-43) and by Salazar inPortugal (1928-74).The architectural production financed by the government - in public works - put in place by thetwo countries to respond to a new reorganization of the state, presents links and common points,where the main was the "creation" or "invention" of a nationalist modernity. Starting frompolitical, diplomatic, and cultural relations, and from the impulse of some important figures - asAntonio Ferro and Duarte Pacheco - we can highlight some formal and programmatic affinities,as well as linguistic choices that were decisive to characterize an architecture of dictatorship.In particular, the thesis tries to analyze and clarify a deterministic reading given by thePortuguese historiography, that is the link with a "fascist" architecture coming from Italy (andfrom Germany). Respect to this consolidated assumption - of a purely and apparently formalsimilarity, the attempt has been to clarify which, when and how these relations between the twocountries in the field of architecture have intertwined, which always responded to a hegemonypolicy. Furthermore, if these relations really existed, and - if so - how they have materialized inthe Public Works, that are representative of the regime.The central point of the argumentative structure of the present work, was not "isolating" thearchitecture built from its political context and from the close link with the underlying ideology,in the idea that the decisions werw related to the construction of an identity and a collectivememory; that is, a concept of "nationalism" declined, in the respective countries, in terms of"fascist" and "salazarist".Relations between Portuguese architects and modern Italian architecture were "filtered" throughstudy trips in Italy, the diffusion of architecture in the magazines of the sector, direct contactsbetween architects during exhibitions and congresses: a set of facts, later translated into thebuilt works, which demonstrate how the example of modern Italian architecture is not limitedto timely episodes but constitutes a wider affair that interested, above all, public works, with alanguage response reworked according to the "specificity" "of the two countries.In fact, it will emerge that the complex of relations between Italy and Portugal is characterizedas a continuity, which, although with different variations, goes through the entire 20th century.Keywords: Architecture; Modern; Dictatorship; Italy; Portugal; Fascism; New State
Pegorin, Elisa. "ARQUITECTURA E REGIME EM ITÁLIA E PORTUGAL. OBRAS PÚBLICAS NO FASCISMO E NO ESTADO NOVO (1928-1948)." Tese, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/125760.
Full textAbstractThe present PhD thesis has as its main object, research and analysis, the study of the relationshipsbetween Italian and Portuguese architecture, in two decades between 1928 and 1948: from ahistorical point of view, in fact, Italy and Portugal lived a similar political context, characterizedby two dictatorial regimes, respectively, by Mussolini in Italy (1922-43) and by Salazar inPortugal (1928-74).The architectural production financed by the government - in public works - put in place by thetwo countries to respond to a new reorganization of the state, presents links and common points,where the main was the "creation" or "invention" of a nationalist modernity. Starting frompolitical, diplomatic, and cultural relations, and from the impulse of some important figures - asAntonio Ferro and Duarte Pacheco - we can highlight some formal and programmatic affinities,as well as linguistic choices that were decisive to characterize an architecture of dictatorship.In particular, the thesis tries to analyze and clarify a deterministic reading given by thePortuguese historiography, that is the link with a "fascist" architecture coming from Italy (andfrom Germany). Respect to this consolidated assumption - of a purely and apparently formalsimilarity, the attempt has been to clarify which, when and how these relations between the twocountries in the field of architecture have intertwined, which always responded to a hegemonypolicy. Furthermore, if these relations really existed, and - if so - how they have materialized inthe Public Works, that are representative of the regime.The central point of the argumentative structure of the present work, was not "isolating" thearchitecture built from its political context and from the close link with the underlying ideology,in the idea that the decisions werw related to the construction of an identity and a collectivememory; that is, a concept of "nationalism" declined, in the respective countries, in terms of"fascist" and "salazarist".Relations between Portuguese architects and modern Italian architecture were "filtered" throughstudy trips in Italy, the diffusion of architecture in the magazines of the sector, direct contactsbetween architects during exhibitions and congresses: a set of facts, later translated into thebuilt works, which demonstrate how the example of modern Italian architecture is not limitedto timely episodes but constitutes a wider affair that interested, above all, public works, with alanguage response reworked according to the "specificity" "of the two countries.In fact, it will emerge that the complex of relations between Italy and Portugal is characterizedas a continuity, which, although with different variations, goes through the entire 20th century.Keywords: Architecture; Modern; Dictatorship; Italy; Portugal; Fascism; New State
Hennlich, Andrew J. "Narrating the German loss : small histories and the historiography of Fascist violence /." 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,866.
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