Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Art précolombien – France – 19e siècle'
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Stüssi, Garcia Susana. "Les arts méconnus des Anciens Américains : discours savants, goût privé et évolutions dans le commerce en France au XIXe siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA01H090.
Full textThis thesis examines different moments characterized by a strong interest for and fascination with Pre-Columbian artefacts – or though as such – to better understand their place in 19th century France, before their aesthetic “rediscovery” in the 20th century. Focusing on artefacts from Mexico and Central America and drawing from sales catalogues, scholarly and artistic publications and archival research, this thesis explores the role played by personal taste and private usages in collecting as well as the place occupied by these objects in the developping art and antiquities market. In the 1830s, the arrival of new collections in Paris and the publication of Antiquités mexicaines serve as the starting point from which to consider the Société Libre des Beaux-Arts as one of the main centres structuring interest for American Antiquity. It is now also possible to identify the first merchants and “experts” to offer Pre-Columbian artefacts for sale. We then examine the aftermath of the Second Franco-Mexican War (1861-67) : how it contributed to articulate the idea of a privileged relationship between France and Mexico and how the emergence of a new taste for all things “primitive” affected the commerce of Pre-Columbian artefacts. Finally, through the study of dealer Eugène Boban and collector Eugène Goupil we analyse these structural changes at the level of the individual and follow a network of Franco- Mexican and North American collectors whose activity, considered in terms of patriotic heritage discourses and the emergence of a transnational art market, contribute to understanding the transformation of Pre-Columbian material culture into “artworks” in the 1920s
Bahk, Hyun-Chan. "L'îlot institutionnel à Paris : projets, formation des édifices publics et art urbain au XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010556.
Full textParise, Maddalena. "Du portrait ressemblant à l'excès de détails : le daguerréotype, une technique à l'épreuve de l'art." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010591.
Full textAuger-Sergent, Anne-Sophie. "Les graffiti marins de Normandie (13e siècle- 19e siècle)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010544.
Full textNormandy is extremely rich in ship graffiti, but we haven't any regional and synthetical studies about these iconographic sources. The inventory of Normand graffiti allows to have a corpus of some 500 documents dated from 13th to 19th centuries. The documents present essentialy ships, but also elements of ship (anchor, flag, rigging, head) or elements of navigation (sea-mark), animals (fisch, sea-bird), and maritime inscriptions. Their major value ist that graffiti give representations of boats of merchant navy and fisching navy, on which we haven't any iconographic source before the 18th century, and contribute to the repacement of naval iconographic material. The geographic repartition of ship graffiti follows the maritime and fluvial zones. They are omnipresent on the soft calcareous and plaster of the churchs, castles and traditionnal houses. In spite of their value for ship archaeology, graffiti pose a problem and particulary for determination and dating. The use of sails as leading thread allows at the same time a classification of ships graffiti, their typing according iconographic comparaisons, and their datation. Normand graffiti present merchant and coast ships. Barges are rare
Millet, Audrey. "Les dessinateurs de fabrique en France (XVIIIe-XIXe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080017.
Full textThe first industrialization rested on what recent historiography calls “the revolution of the consumers”: a consumption and an increased circulation of all the objects of the daily life which are fabrics, laces, tapestries, earthenware, wallpapers, crockery… The desire to buy and have other goods than those which allow simple survival led thus to an assertion of the phenomena of fashion, implying for the producers the need for taking into account the changing taste of the consumers and the diversification of their consumption. The race to novation to allure the customers becomes a major stake for the manufacturers. The draughtsman occupies an essential place in this competition, since the first phase of the production process, before that of manufacturing and of marketing, is that of creation, the design of the product. This study thus aims at questioning the statute of this very qualified worker, holder of a know-how ; still little formalized in the second half of the 18th century, this know-how tends to show a slow institutionalization, of which we will examine the rhythms until the emergence and the coding of the profession. Work and its author being indissociable entities, we will question the statute of the draughtsman-author within the production process which is collective and industrial, nonsingular and artistic. Seldom studied, the place of the women in the manufacturing world must also be analyzed. Moreover, it is advisable to live behind us ordinary social taxonomies and in particular the fixed binary oppositions: art/industry, artist/craftsman, liberal art/mechanical art, but also drawing of linear figure/drawing
Schvalberg, Sophie. "Des marbres d'Elgin à la Dame d'Auxerre : le modèle grec en débat dans l'art français au XIXe siècle (1815-1908)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100185.
Full textThe Greek model in 19th century French Art bears a slow mutation, from the neoclassical doctrine still alive in 1815 at the fall of Napoleon Ist until the new classicism at the turn of the 20th century. In this evolution of artistic standards and education, which painters and sculptors tend to reshape, archaeology takes a central role. With the Elgin affair about the Parthenon marbles, with the debate on classical polychromy, until the integration of archaic and cycladic greek artworks in museums, it is possible to assess the strength and the crisis of the classical idealistic model and the simultaneous rise of an archaic model, both in painting and in sculpture. At the three levels that interfere here (scientific knowledge, artistic creation and art theory), some figures embody various stances of the academic establishment and its reappraisal : Quatremère de Quincy, David d'Angers, Ingres, Hittorff, Papety, Daumier, Beulé, Schliemann, Rodin, Bourdelle
Therrien, Lyne. "L'enseignement de l'histoire de l'art et de l'archéologie en France avant 1914." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010644.
Full textThis thesis concerns the first academic courses in art history and archeology in France. The author combines a history of the institutions and the teachers with study of pratices in both disciplines. The methodology is based on a bibliographical and archival research : from the national archives for each institution (to document how new courses were created) ; from biographies and bibliographies for each teacher (studies, publications and career profiles) and analyses of published lectures (particularly their opening lectures). In others words, who taught what, where and why ? The thesis' plan corresponds to the chronological development of the new courses : 1795, archeology at the national library ; 1830, monumental archeology in Caen ; 1847, medieval archeology at the école des chartes ; 1863, reorganization of the école des beaux-arts de paris ; 1876, the first chair of archeology at the Sorbonne ; 1878, establisment of a chair of aesthetic and art history at the collège de France; 1882, founding of the école du Louvre ; 1893, first art history course at the sorbonne followed in 1906 by a christian art history course. The development of teaching in the universities outside of paris is studied separately and focuses on the impact of published works, the developing importance of museums and the use of photography in art history. This historical investigation underlines the main issues and conflicts which caracterized the beginning of teaching in this specific field : the transition from classical to medieval archeology or from the aesthetic ideal to an interest in the historical background of national monuments ; the conflict raised by medieval architecture and the revival of interest in medieval arts generally ; archeology as a new university discipline ; the various archeological courses at the école du Louvre ; art history as a history specialism in the universities ; and finally, the influence of national history and the notion of national heritage in this context
Lecerf, Guy. "Le coloris dans l'art des jardins : théories en France et en Angleterre, 1820-1930." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010644.
Full textGoetz, Adrien. "L'Artiste, une revue de combat des années romantiques (1831-1848)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040336.
Full textFounded in 1831, L'Artiste, which was published up to 1904, set out originally to be the review defending the romantics. The study of the forty-one volumes that were published under the july monarchy and the fragments of its directors correspondence that have since been found, show that this was not the case at all an open forum for all the modern artists, it defended causes as varied as architecture and historical monuments, new sculpture, industrial revival of decorative arts or engraving. Very severe towards romantic excesses and in the name of the truth in art, it fought for the profession and the inspiration of the creator. This led id to extol Leopold Robert or Paul Delaroche whilst at the same time recognizing the hegemony of Ingres and Delacroix. The review, enhanced with plates and illustrations, published the works, particularly on the occasion of annual exhibitions, in parallel to the criticism of Gustave Planche, Victor Schoelcher, Paul Mantz or Theophile Thore. In L'Artiste, a new tone of scientific and impassioned artistic criticism was invented which was to last throughout the century. The numerous fictional texts, signed by Balzac, Dumas or Arsene Houssaye, make up the counterpart to the lithographs by Devéria, Gavarni or Tony Johannot. The texts focusing on the theatre or musical life are contemplated solely from the strict angle of the history of art. This thesis is completed by appended documents from the archives of L'Artiste (Achille Ricourt's correspondence, in particular) and a thematic anthology of the principal texts that appeared during this period in every field
Tolède, Olivia. "Une sécession française : la Société nationale des beaux-arts (1889-1903)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100151.
Full textThis study tells the story of the Société nationale des beaux-arts and of its Salons in France, from its foundation in 1890 till its decline at the turn of the century. It analyses the major upheaval initiated by the new institution on the national and international artistic stages in a context of liberalisation of artistic stakeholders. Based on newly discovered archives, it brings a new light on the circumstances of its creation following the scission within the Société des artistes français. The close examination of the undertaken reforms (cooptation of elitist members, jury rotation, unlimited number of works, private exhibitions, careful presentation of works) reveals a modern conception of the Salon exhibition, supporting all arts from painting to architecture including newly admitted decorative arts. Information about the exhibitors from 1890 to 1905 were exploited through a database, enabling for the first time an exhaustive insight on their taking part in the Nationale’s Salons and enhancing a cosmopolite elite mostly composed of North-European and American artists. Taking into account its repercussions in France and Europe, notably on the Munich, Vienna and Berlin Secessions, the hitherto unrecognised Société nationale des beaux-arts can be considered as the first significant artistic Secession and as the spearhead of the European Secessionist movement. This study reveals the action of deeply involved artists, such as Ernest Meissonier, Puvis de Chavannes or Guillaume Dubufe
Arneville, Marie-Blanche. "La France des jardins et des espaces verts entre 1789 et 1870." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040271.
Full textNourry, Louis-Michel. "Les jardins publics en province : un élément de la politique de l'espace du Second Empire." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010615.
Full textFoucher, Charlotte. "Un symbolisme enfoui : les femmes artistes dans les milieux symbolistes en France au passage du siècle (XIXe-XXe)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010707.
Full textSavoy, Bénédicte. "Les spoliations de biens culturels opérées par la France en Allemagne autour de 1800." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081924.
Full textLozère, Christelle. "Mises en scènes de l'objet dans les "salons coloniaux" de province (1850-1896) : vers l'emergence de modèles d'expositions coloniales." Bordeaux 3, 2009. https://hal.science/tel-04204839v1.
Full textCan we relate an history about French colonial exhibitions without talking about the ones organised in the 1850's in Bordeaux, Nantes, Metz, Le Havre, Lyon, Rochefort, Cherbourg, Beauvais, Nice, Montauban, Rouen, Tours, Marseille? The colonial exhibitions cognition is still today limited to the cities of Paris, Marseille or Lyon. And what about the other cities, specially harbours which have ancient commercial links with The Overseas? Which motivations, ambitions or trends let these « small patries » open their modest exhibitions to colonies? This thesis, which corpus is innovator, lightens the process, which leads in the XIXth century from the emergence in small cities of “salon colonial” concept, organised by some amateur collector, to a giant “colonial exhibition”. The aim of this process, stipulated by the State during the IIIrd Republic is to popularize exhibitions dedicated first to local elites under 2nd Empire. The exotic object put aside step by step from metropolitan houses and artistic exhibitions, is put apart, gathered amongst products with same source, in a « colonial section », in a thematic house or an ethnographic village. This switching has consequences on the use and interest given to the object. Indeed first considerated as a rare, strange and foreign object, it becomes a colonized, dominated object, with a hierarchy, built by the upcoming imperialist thoughts and talks
Orzech, Rachel. "“Un art universel, un art pour tous”? : La réception de Richard Wagner dans la presse parisienne, 1933-1944." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUEL036.
Full textThis thesis examines the reception of Richard Wagner through the lens of the Parisians press between 1933 and 1944. It considers the ways in which the French used Wagner to discuss nation, identity and culture during the period of the Third Reich, and the extent to which Wagner reception from the 1930s and the Occupation interacted with earlier French reception of Wagner. The thesis also considers the question of continuity and rupture, both between the period 1933-44 and previous periods, and between 1933-39 and the Occupation. It examines the extent to which the dramatic change in the French political landscape-which took place when France was invaded by German troops in the summer of 1940-affected the press reception of Wagner, and what this can tell us about how the French nation thought about itself and its relationship with Germany. It argues, through an examination of themes emerging from the Parisian press, that Parisians used Wagner to confront Nazism, grapple with the idea of rapprochement, situate France within a potential New Europe, understand past Franco-German conflict, manage life under the Occupation, and come to terms with the policy of Collaboration
Bonnet, Alain. "La réforme de l'école des beaux-arts de 1863 : Problèmes de l'enseignement artistique en France au XIXème siècle." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100126.
Full textThe decree dated November 13rd of 1863 deeply altered the Paris Ecole des beaux-arts administrative structures, the teachers' appointment system and the Prix de Rome competitive examination judgment by taking away from the French Académie des beaux-arts the jugdment of this competitive examination and by reforming the traditional teaching dispensed by this School; it gave rise to a passionate debate which shaked the world of arts for months and captivated the general public, highlighting the interest related to administration and art teaching were rousing. That decree is giving place to a detailed study of an important step in art history in the 19th century; it happens to act as a revealing unveiling two antagonistic conceptions of art which had been fighting each other for a long time but which there reached the point of their divergence. The decree forced both parties to define their positions by exposing them on the public place. Academic doctrine which was the very basis of educational action, found in that controversy the opportunity to assess for the very basis of educational action, found in that controversy the opportunity to assess for the very last time its principles. It had to give way to a resolutely modern conception which introduced concepts of actuality and progress into the field of beauty, included in the determining (although fuzzy) notion of originality which was at the very center in the debate on art teaching. The decree not only turned upside down arts teaching structures in France or modalities of transmission of knowledge and techniques (at the end of the day it only modified them superficially). It took into account a drastic modification of place
Okada, Tomoko. "Le japonisme sur scène en France de 1870 à 1914." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040248.
Full textThis thesis deals with examples of japonism on the stage (opera, ballet, theatre) at the end of the XIXth century, a field which remains largely unexploited. In the first part, after the two first chapters devoted to the press and the theater and to an historical review of exoticism, japonism will be considered in a global perspective, in literature, the arts and music, in connection with the scenic works and their authors dealt with in the second part. This second part presents specific analyses of each work, using numerous iconographic documents of that time, under three aspects corresponding to the three elements of the first part : the libretto, the scenery and costume, and the music. Besides some still little-known aspects of the geishas or music instruments, the study, always based on historical facts, will highlight some works which are now completely forgotten but were always highly successful at the time
Bouillon, Christine. "Un acteur et son public : Frédérick Lemaître à Paris et en province (1823-1876)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010638.
Full textFrederick Lemaître was one of the most famous actors of the + boulevard du crime ; in the xixth century. He was born in normandy in a middle-class family. He became famous in 1823 thanks to his creation of the character of robert macaire in the auberge des adrets, and played almost without a break until he died in 1876. He has been the interpreter of Victor Hugo (Ruy Blas), of Dumas (Kean), of Lamartine (Toussaint Louverture), but also of numerous unknown authors of melodrama. His differents tours allowed him to be famous through the whole country and even in london, brussels and geneva. He had very strong links with his audience, who followed him from one theater to another (from the porte saint-martin where he played most of the time to the ambigu or even the varietes or the folies-dramatiques) and this audience used to applaud him as well as to boo him if they were displeased. The audience was also interrested in the actor's private life and newspapers published a lot of articles about it, all the more than his wife, like most of his mistresses were also frequently his main partners. Gradually a real legend was created around his personnality, presenting him as a debauched man, a drunkard who beat his lovers and wasted all his money. Frederick Lemaître seams to have taken pleasure sometimes in playing his own character out of the stage. On the contrary, Frederick seams to have taken to heart to dismiss the idea, spread by several critics, that he always played something of robert macaire whatever the play he performed. In fact, in 1834 he wrote a play which showed the character of robert macaire became a great swindler and performed it. The play was perceived as a satire of the society and was very successfull. From then, in spite of all his efforts in very different parts, this robert macaire stuck to him until his death and even after
Absalon, Patrick. "La Légende d'Oedipe dans l'art en France au XIXe siècle." Strasbourg 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20051.
Full textZmelty, Nicholas-Henri. "L'affiche illustrée en France (1889-1905) : naissance d'un genre ?" Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0007.
Full textLiu, Chen-Chang. "Les répertoires d'ornement en France au début du XIXe siècle." Grenoble 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE29030.
Full textThis research is focused on the French repertories of ornament published by the architects such as Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand (1760-1834), Charles Percier (1764-1838), Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine (1762-1853), Charles-Pierre-Joseph Normand (1765-1840) and the sculptor Pierre-Nicolas Beauvallet (1750-1810) in the beginning of the nineteenth century. A very important place is attached to the contemporary French decorative arts - the furniture, the wallpapers, the vases, etc. The study of the sources and the influences of these repertories on the artistic creation in the beginning of the nineteenth century are suggested. This vast research involves not only the Greco-Roman and the Gothic arts, which represent the purely western
Lerner, Elodie. "François Gérard, peintre d'histoire." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040067.
Full textFrançois Gérard (1770-1837) is one of the great masters of historical painting. This long-forgotten side of his talent deserves to be brough to a new light. His contemporaries were aware of it: it is because of his stature as an historical painter that young artists unknown at the time, such as Ingres, Léopold Robert and Delacroix, requested Gérard's advice and support. His historical paintings brought him his greatest successes, in France and well beyond; In his day, his historical works placed Gérard at the centre of public interest in numerous art Salons; more than one and a half century later, they form the core of his study
Luneau, Jean-François. "Félix Gaudin (1851-1930), peintre-verrier et mosaïste." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20015.
Full textPillet, Elisabeth. "La restauration des vitraux des églises paroissiales de Paris de la Révolution à 1880." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHEA001.
Full textAt the begining of the nineteenth century, the Paris churches stained glasses were in a sorry condition. This sad condition is the result of the maintenance made by glaziers, the lighting campaigns during the eighteenth century and the vandalism during the French Revolution. The first restorations can only be part of a greater movement of the ancient technics rediscovery. So Georges Bontemps, the director of the Choisy le Roy glassworks, created a process to make red glass. From 1843- to 18454, the authotities of Paris started an ambitious restoration program with the sixteenth century stained glasses of the Virgin chapel in the parish church of Saint- Gervais. From 1845 to the end of the nineteenth century, one artist, trained as a painter, Prosper Lafaye, got almost all the restoration works of the city. He collaborated with Charles Denis, the official glazier of the capital under the architect Victor Baltard's authority. He only had a few competitors: the workshops Gsell-Laurent, Joseph Félon and Edouard Didron. At the third republic, the restoration orders began to lessen and the last work of Lafaye, made between 1876 and 1879, marqued the end of an area. The works that occurred afterwards were created in a completely different spirit and with different people
Gauthier, Marie-Véronique. "Les sociétés chantantes au XIXème siècle : chanson et sociabilité." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010619.
Full textA study of the great singing societies (le caveau, la lice chansonniere), 19th century facilities for males "meetings: convivial rituals revolue around epicurianism (laughing, drinking, eating). Tense relationships with "café-concert" and the need to moralize song are to be found together with an obsession to talk about sex (saucy stories). The study of the writing of songs produced within a group, but by individuals, shows the enduring nature of a neo - classical or neo - romantic style, totally lacking in inventiveness logorrhoean remnant of an intense need to write verses
Wirty, Emeline. "Le pouvoir et les beaux arts sous la Restauration (1815-1830)." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100052.
Full textThe research conducted, in view of a doctoral thesis, focused on the sustained relationships between the government and the fine arts in France during the period of Restoration, from 1815 to 1830. One of the first aspects of this research consisted in carrying out a systematic study of the institutions under the control of the state and the main establishments under their direction (museums, French academies, art schools, manufactures) in order to evaluate precisely the decisions taken during the revolutionary and imperial period which had been retained or rejected by the monarchical system of the Bourbons. Globally speaking, the Restoration accepted the legacy, that is, namely the institutional creations and the administrative decisions of the Revolution or of the Empire. .
Kang, Hui-an. "La représentation de la pauvreté dans la peinture française du XIXe siècle (1830-1900)." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30020.
Full textNever painting has so much been worried about poverty than during the xixth century. Not without reason since the latter is a fundamental phenomenon of the time. To the sociologists, philosophers and writers who have all thought carefully, one time or another, about the problem of poverty, we can add various painters. They have had no hesitation to paint and unveil the human beings in the most horrible situations: blind beggars, homeless families, little flower-sellers, workers in dispair commiting suicide. . . But also the acts of charity, individual and institutional. Neverthelesse, their different look leads to a complex mode of expression. Actually, the xixth century painting have an eclectic vision which mixes all genres and all styles. In the whole, all these painting come within the scope of a production marked by the opposition between idealism and realism. This double path is the esthetical axis of the representation of poverty during the xixth century
Rolland, Juliette. "Pour tout l'art de Dieu : contribution à une sociologie picturale des églises parisiennes pendant l'ère paroissiale." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H061.
Full textPenot, Agnès. "L'internationalisation des galeries françaises durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle : l'exemple de la maison Goupil (1846-1884)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010696.
Full textGiraud-Labalte, Claire. "Les Angevins et leurs monuments : 1800-1840." Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO20046.
Full textThis study deals with the emergence of the concept of the historic monument between 1800 and 1840 in the department of maine et loire. The relationships between the angevins and their monuments, from the end of the revolution to the official creation of a department of historic monuments, are analyzed through the opinions of contemporary personalities (sholars, local or foreign artists) and the actions undertaken (demolition, new uses, rehabilitation). The way the angevins responded to the government's initiatives as far as monuments were concerned, the commitment of antiquaries, and the architectural interventions are the main indicators of the slow evolution of their awareness of their local heritage. In 1840 the department of maine et loire seems to be among the most interested in the recognition and the conservation of their monuments
Bowie, Karen. "L'"éclectisme pittoresque" et l'architecture des gares parisiennes au 19e siècle." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010563.
Full textMolinet, Marylin Anne-Laure. "L'art de la crise : étude comparative sur la fonction et la réception de l'Art aux 19e et 20e siècles : france-Allemagne : arts plastiques, littérature." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ007L.
Full textThis research concerns the many multiple artistic ans philosophical innovations produced by the early german Romanticism inside of the Athenaeum cercle, first avant-gardist group of modern art, in the fields of literature and visual arts. The exigence to introduice modern art in the concept of education (Bildung) represents a crucial step, as well as the question of experimentation, and the autonomy of the work. The long-lasting refusal to promote modern art in France, and the reasons of this reject (strong centralism, but also denegation of teaching skills), are explained, as well as the lateness in a lot of museographic and didactic, by museums done, investigations. Exceptional case of the museum in Grenoble. In Germany, the most important steps reaching, during thirty years (1903-1933), at the victory of modern art on the academic art, are analysed : early Romanticism, opening of art-unions on the whole territory, fighting of Secessions, and, finally, the support of an important and non centralized museal scene (more than 40 museums), especially the Kronprinzenpalais, first museum of modern art, unknown in France. The research reveals the impact of all these innovations : evolution of the concept of Bildung, museums reform concerning didactic and scenographic aims, importance of temporary exhibitions and their movement, significant widening of the field of art
Gatineau-Helbronner, Evelyne. "Catalogue raisonné des sculptures du XIXe siècle (1800-1914) des musées de Bordeaux." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040235.
Full textThe vision of the collection of Bordeaux seems kaleidoscopic. Even after the completion of the Museum in 1881, the sculptures were often moved. That statuary art will not be rediscovered before the seventies. However, the collection has been constituted by a logical way, throughout the National deposits, the purchases realized thanks to the local artistics societies, the donations and legacies or the municipal contribution Among the artists appear local sculptors. Many artists of Bordeaux have worked in others genres : ornemanist sculpture, religious or funerary art. By their side, we notice famous names : Dalou, Carpeaux, or Rodin. The collections of the Museum contain the models of public monuments, including the development projects of the place des Quinconces. From antique inspiration to decorative art, by the way of genre scenes and sculpture of animals, from neoclacissism to picturesque realism, the whole gathers together the genres and the styles expressed during the 19th century
Godfroy-Gallardo, Christine. "Les marchands de tableaux, experts des premiers musées nationaux en France et en Angletterre. Des appréciateurs aux compétences de conservateurs." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010545.
Full textThe institution of officiai experts asked to guarantee the authenticity of pictures before their acquisition follows the opening of the Louvre. These commissioners are also in charge of the management and the control of the restorations until the middle of the 19th century. even if most pursue at the same time, successfully, their trader's activity. in Paris or in London. These appreciators participate finally in the inventory of the museum under the Empire. then again after the allied restitutions, in spire of the criticisms which do not miss ta rise against the fanciful estimations or the risky attributions. During decade 1840-1850, the administration of the commissioners-experts ends for the benefit of the curators who supplant them within the establishment. Henceforth the field of the expertise to the museum falls in the exclusive hands of the curators. ln England, two art dealers participate, each in their way. in the implementation of the first museum of national art, before this slandered profession is definitively excluded from the management of the public museums
De, Palma Myriam. "Maurice Chabas (1862-1947) : du symbolisme à l'abstraction : essai et catalogue raisonné." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040145.
Full textThe aesthetic quality and the extent of the work accomplished by Maurice Chabas as well as his evolution of thinking have focused our interest for this important artist, unfairly forgotten in the symbolist movement. All through his artwork, Maurice Chabas searched a spiritual quest which he translated through his paintings into a noble and serene harmony. His imagination and desire to innovate led him to diversify his technique through a purification and simplification of the form. At the beginning, his work was academic but expressed rapidly symbolic tendencies reminding Puvis de Chavannes. Maurice Chabas was a fervent defendant of the Rose+Croix. He participated in all their art exhibitions. Later, the artist was also tempted to investigate the techniques of impressionism and synthetic art. At the end of his career, his work became gradually more esotheric, bright and colourful. This style of work conducted him to abstraction which (he thought) will provide the ways to the "mysteries" of the Christian religion. One of the primary objectives of this thesis has been to establish a biography of Maurice Chabas. Our aim was also to provide a study of his theoritical artistic principles and an analytical investigation of his work. To highlight the personality of Maurice Chabas and the magnitude of his work, we currently referred to his personal documents, press artcles and exhibitions catalogues. The second part of this thesis is aiming to establish, to the largest possible extent, an inventory of his paintings, work orders and writings. This study is covered by the reasoned catalogue of the artist
Zelvenskaïa, Anastas. "Le symbolisme pictural en Russie et en France (1890-1910) : interférences et affinités." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20020.
Full textThis work aims to trace a parallel between the pictorial Symbolism in Russia and in France during the years 1890s-1910s. It starts with a synthesis of the sources of knowledge (collections, exhibitions, periodicals), a summery of direct exchanges (artist's trips, contacts, collaboration) and a study of the critical fortune of several French painters (Moreau, Puvis de Chavannes, Carriere, Redon, Gauguin, Denis and the Nabis, the representatives of the idealist symbolism). After this documentary part follows an analysis of works of different Russian symbolist artists which have as a goal to detect the French contribution indicating at the same time the presence of other sources. The Abramtsevo circle, "The wold of art" group, the great solitary masters (Vroubel, Borrisov-Moussatov, Ciurlionis), the "The Blue Rose" group and the heralds of the XXth century art (Petrov-Vodkine, Malevitch, Kandisky)-these are the phenomena compared to the French Symbolism
Honda-Ishii, Midori. "Le japonisme en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle : la rencontre de l'Occident avec l'Orient." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H008.
Full textThe principal objective of this thesis is to analyse the way in which Japonisme constructs itself in France from 1850s to 1900. The thesis also examines the traces that Japonisme has left in the history of Occidental art, with the hypothesis that such a phenomenon is not contingent: rather, Japonisine is a necessity in historical and artistic development. In other words, it is a product of what the French sought in the Japanese art : the traits that French art itself had already possessed. It bas been a long time since the Occident dreamt of the Oriental. One cannot be deceived by the affirmation that Japonisme was merely an exotic occurrence, having demonstrated that the Oriental and the Occident were mutually attracted even though they were conflicting in several respects. The officiai propagation of the country's image during the Universal Expositions had made possible the fabrication of Japonisine. One will thus understand the political strategy that Japan had attached to such circulation, and how it had exhibited an image of itself. Japanese traditional art and its relation to the quotidian brought forth much French enthusiasm. As such, the thesis will study the way in which such enthusiasm responded to Japanese art, expounding on the writings of art critics, in particular Ernest Chesneau and the Goncourt brothers. Furthermore, the thesis analyses the way in which French art was influenced and transformed by Japanese art in the works of three prominent artists. Namely Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Gauguin and Henri Matisse
Moulinat, Francis. "Théophile Gautier, critique d'art, dans les années 1830." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040243.
Full textGautier's art criticism followed the same evolution as his literary thinking. It praised romanticism before standing aloof from it. But, between 1836 and 1838, he transferred to art criticism the priesthood every writer is supposed to fulfill within society. He defended the artist's sovereignty; he introduced romanticism in journalism, and the practiced the criticism of beauties through descriptions: in fact, he had invented the artist criticism. Gautier considered that Paris and Munich were the two studios where the future was taking shape, that is was however in Paris that Ingres, through drawing, and Delacroix, through colors, had reformed painting and trained those who would later make up the synthesis of their art. Gautier also noticed, from 1837 on, the decline of the pictorial romanticism and the growing influence of drawing and style. This binary system was applied in landscape, but not in sculpture which is a principally antique art, meant to show only beauty. In Gautier’s aesthetics, the superior artist would shelter both a microcosm and an ideal, contrary to the naturist who copies nature. His mission was to express his own vision of the beauty, and Gautier widespread this mission to the whole life. By designing objects, the artist would regain his lost priesthood, educate society and lead to a new renaissance. By developing such an utopy, by divinizing art which had become the supreme value and a refuge to forget reality, Gautier expressed an aesthetics which was at the same time romantic, as it awarded a major position to the artist, eclectic, since it accepted color and drawing, and innovative, for it would foreshadow many trends of the second half of the century
Jordy, Catherine. "La peinture romantique en Alsace 1770-1870." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR20026.
Full textBayle, Nadia. "Quelques aspects de l'histoire de l'archéologie au 19eme siècle : l'exemple des publications archéologiques militaires éditées entre 1830 et 1914 en France, en Afrique du Nord et en Indochine." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040068.
Full textDuring the second half in the 19th century, french officers playede a very important role in the history of archaeology. Specialized in writting excavations reports, they chose to study the vestiges of Roman Africa. Their scientific contribution, as well as their mark made on research and methodology of the Roman period, is particularly significant. Tha analysis of their work permits us to mesure the development of archaeology during this period. Three principal issues are examined in this study. First of all, the motivation of the officers ; secondly, the means disposed of by the army for the organization of excavations ; and finally, the different elements which composed the scientific approach of these amayeur archaeologists. The last part of the first volume examines the archaeological activity of the army in larger context comparing it to the work done in France during the same period. The second volume regroups the abundant bibliography of archaeological publications written by the military between the years of 1830 and 1914 and documents treating of the history of archaeology, the organization of the army and the history of the 19th century. Furthermore, this study includes several annexes pertaining to the officers who were outstanding for their contribution
Gloc, Marie. "Construire, restaurer, écrire, Edouard Jules Corroyer (1835-1904) : l'architecture dans tous ses états." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4019.
Full textLe, Men Ségolène. "L'Illustration en France au dix-neuvième siècle : la cathédrale illustrée." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070158.
Full textThis research about nineteenth century French illustration (2 books and 65 articles or catalogues) deals mainly with the synchronical system of French romantic illustration and with the diachronical genre of children's book illustration : the case-studies consider abcs, caricature, romantic books and sets of prints, children's picture books, posters and art criticism about prints. . . The art of illustration is presented as a new visual language, based upon the circulation of vignettes and upon conventional categories of images : types, sites and scenes. This romantic visual imagery, which appeared in book illustrations and journal caricatures or cartoons, survived at the end of the century within the art of the poster and other massmedia pictures, packaged in standardized visual formulas. However this turn of the century evolution of commercial imagery appears similarly within high art and thus is linked to the advent of modern art. At the time when romantic illustrated books started to become a market collected by connoisseurs, Manet and Seurat painted social types, sketched as they had appeared in les français peints par eux-mêmes. Thus romantic illustration played the role of an experimental language for nineteenth century artists. This thesis leads us to reconsider the distinction between high and low art in the advent of modernism : the unpublished essay, la cathedrale illustree, addresses the link between abstraction and picturesque romanticism and studies the symbolic site of the cathedral, from Hugo's Notre-Dame de Paris to Monet's series of Rouen cathedrals. My art historical research runs between the history of art and literature and the history of the book, and thus belongs to cultural studies : focusing over the circulation and transmission of images, it covers also the sociology of artistic professions, and the new business of illustrations and posters
Schaub, Nicolas. "L'Armée d'Afrique et la représentation de l'Algérie sous la Monarchie de juillet." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1021.
Full textMany artists followed the Army of Africa after the conquest of Algiers in 1830. What corpus of pictures did these artists constitute and how did they achieve it? How did these pictures get around? To what extent did they play a role in the formation of the European orientalism during the XIXe century? These are the questions we wanted to answer in this thesis. Between 1830 and 1850 the military and political conquest of the Algerian space comes with the diffusion of textual and visual creations (engravings, drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures) that shaped the algerian territory. In a few decades, a spreading of contradictory and relatively autonomous representations reached the European public. The circulation of these orientalist features took advantage of the expansion of the industrial processes in the domain of image-making. The affects carried by these pictures influenced our gaze durably, and are still active today. Any understanding of the genesis of these pictures implies a review of the complex relationships between image-makers, and military or political authorities that imposed the new colonial setting in Algeria. Most artists to whom one owes the strongest pictures of the XIXe century visual culture were themselves enlisted among the soldiers. This work argues that it has become a necessity to trace back the path of these artists and image-makers that returned from Algeria with their experiences of the land, elaborating representations that belong without any doubt to the ‘orientalists’ fantasies, but also rest upon a particular perception of reality
Frangne, Pierre-Henry. "Le statut de la négation dans l'art symboliste français : les modèles philosophiques du symbolisme." Lille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL30017.
Full textJamault, Anne. "Sarah Bernhardt et le monde de l'art." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010521.
Full textThaon, Bernard. "Les ouvriers de memoire. Culture et imaginaire historiques des architectes au xixe siecle (france, 1760-1920)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10017.
Full textThe aim of this work was to give a global explanation of historicism by investigation of the link between architects and history during nineteenth century. In the first part we give an architect's definition by two ways : 1, an image one - link to functional one with the important role of 1830's discourse about artistics. 2, a learning one with the role of drawing and the ecole des beaux-arts at paris, where exist a process of acculturation. In the second part we observe some fields of enquiry (site, church town hall) on the 1760-1920 period, with continuities and breaking. Laugier's theory of cabane on one part and, on the other, the coming of a new historical approach (i. E guizot) in architectural field
Fartas, Nadia. "Modernité et simplicité : l'art de la nuance. Littérature et arts visuels en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0162.
Full textThe peculiarity of modernity is to integrate criticism in its foundations and to allow questions as well as knowledge development. Therefore, modernity cannot be dissociated from movement and change. Thus, it implies a new kind of social, political and cultural relationship beween the singular and the collective, the particular and the universal, a complexity which XlXth literature managed to testify. However, it is noteworhy that the notion of simplicity is at the centre of the preoccupations of founder authors of artistic and literary modernity. In Flaubert's works dealing with modernity, Baudelaire's written works on arts and in urban views, either literary, pictorial or architectural ones, for instance Monet's series of The Rouen Cathedral, the simplicity forms and meanings which are associated to them make it possible to put the forms of change in a conspicuous position in order to make up an aesthetics of modernity based on shade instead of on binarism or dogmatism. If simplicity refers to what cannot be broken down, the main features of shade are, indeed, grade differences which can hardly be detected. The art of shade which originates in a modern revaluation of simplicity holds together the defence of the beautiful, the singularity of the work of art, the attention to reality, knowledge and new temporalities in order to thwart aesthetization, in other words a conception of the beautiful that covers the features of modernity. Thus, shade shows a new relationship between the visual and the verbal, the text and the image, which brings up to date the knotting between poetics, aesthetics and politics at the heart of modernity
Urmann, Martin. "Resonanzeffekte : zum Verhältnis von Oberfläche und Tiefe in der fin-de-siècle-Kunst." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0005.
Full textThe doctoral thesis “Resonance Effects. Surface and depth in Fin-de-siècle Arts” pursues a twofold objective: on the one hand, it wants to make a contribution to a theory of form, that is a theory of the emerging form in the medial textures in which it gains shape. This raises the central theoretical question of the relation between surface and depth which is considered against the backdrop of the key notion of resonance. On the other hand, the thesis offers a new reading of fin-de-siècle arts based on the detailed analysis of a range of works considered central within the artistic production of the era. The thesis undertakes a systematic comparison of French and German art around 1900, more precisely of the decadent and symbolist currents in Paris and Vienna. This comparison is carried out through all the art forms – music, literature and the visual arts. According to the comparative approach both on the historical and the aesthetic level, the study revolves around the axis Paris-Vienna, the main fields of attention being the literary works of Huysmans and Mallarmé, on the one hand, and of Schnitzler and Hofmannsthal, on the other. These chapters are framed by introductory reflections on Mahler’s Third Symphony and Debussy’s L’Après-Midi d’un Faune as well as the analysis of the paradoxical surface structure in the paintings of Moreau and Klimt concluding the study. Moreover, Nietzsche is presented as the eminent contemporary poet-thinker of fin-de-siècle arts who, in The Birth of Tragedy, outlines the duality of the “Apollonian” and the “Dionysian”. This turns out to be the fundamental motive which appears in all fin-de-siècle art forms in ever changing constellations
Munck, Olivier. "Le peintre dans le roman du XIXème siècle : histoire des rapports de la littérature et de la peinture, de l'homme et du réel." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040041.
Full textThe painter's figures from balzac to proust compose an original romantic art history showing the relationship between man and reality. Looked on aesthetic effects, this pastiche, from a composition borrowed to la comedie humaine, spreads out a tragedy, firming social, physiological and philosophical principles and causes, rules for the hero as for his art work. The hypothesis relies on the increasing part of painting as essential element in the evolvement of perception and creation. The comparaison between fiction and reality offers a summary of the influences of the pictural expression upon the litterary one, those reciprocal of this peculiar hero, from a fiction to another one, on his own creator, defining the connection between the thing perceived and expressed, the writing and the reader