Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Art – Océanie'
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Rortais, Florence. "L' Art : interface d'un citoyenneté interculturelle : de l'accord de Nouméa à la Kaleutopia." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30067.
This Art and Art Sciences Thesis places the Art at the heart of the societal and political research of a citizenship in New Caledonia. Indeed, it postulates that Art, observed and experienced at the edges of heterogeneous fields, is used as an interface for an intercultural citizenship. In this way, this Thesis is a creation research which, to verify its own postulate, was linked to three concepts based on a south-south point of view: the identity, the identity representation and the identity recognition. To structure these experimentations, this creation research was based on three artistic and cultural points that are clearly highlighted by the Agreement of Noumea. These points are: -the protection of the patrimony and its development, -the teaching and artistic practices and -the creation, the artistic dissemination and circulation of work. They led to six experimentations which allow this creation research to reveal an Oceanian fact and the interstitial culture present in New-Caledonia. The creation of these six interfaces also enabled, in an imaginative way, the creation of intercultural bridges from which it is possible to build a society that is more harmonious, in particular a democracy which accepts the plurality like a notebook with codes to build a better place : a Kaleutopia
Thénot, Elsa. "La création in situ en Océanie : géo-esthétique et territoires urbains." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30010/document.
The work of this thesis revolves around the artistic and urban practices in four cities, in Australia and New Zealand. Those cities, Sydney, Melbourne, Auckland and Wellington are major artistic hubs in Oceania, and form the basis of a theoretical and empirical study. The first challenge is to locate and understand chronologically, through a Western artistic lens and its evolution, what are the inherent nuances of the in situ art. We will see how art produced extramurally, as represented in the United States and Europe (1960-1970), and noted on multiple accounts by artists, relied on various data: spatial, geomorphological, historical, human and contextual course. This understanding will lead us to the first example of space turning or geospatial art or propensity, which can be viewed as out of its traditional frameworks – which is to the museum, to conquer new territories of registration. To address these postcolonial Pacific cities and the culture they devote to artistic creation, we will see how these two young nations have built and continue to build their identity. In light of the New Zealand biculturalism, the value of Maori culture and the place of the people, we are committed to see how extramural art is represented in Wellington and in more rural areas around Auckland. In Australia, in some examples, the historical facts have reinforced a sense of identity through specific examples of urban creation while in other areas the historical contexts lead to politically charged issues; such is the case of the event Sculpture by the Sea. To what extent can a region, through its first four cities, lead us to rethink the in situ expression and geo-aesthetic that emerges? This study based on observation and cross disciplinary theoretical approaches and argues that the tendency of cities to reinvent worlds, regenerate through art until, is in some respects, a true territorial tool. I propose different readings to further understand how singular forms of aesthetics emerge as part of a proactive planning on redesigning the face of the city. Then it will show through best practices, how art, in the Pacific cities, changes space and emphasizes history and can become detached of context. This body of work is pertinent given the historical identity priority of Pacific cultures, and the contemporary multiculturalism and use of space will shed light on the expression of a specific urban geo-aesthetics. Intercultural connections between vernacular indices (patterns, gestures, shapes) and contemporary mediums attest to a geographicity art between narrative interpretation of places, symbol and emancipation
Schild, Tamara. "Stratégies de création de valeur dans une maison de ventes aux enchères : ethnographie d'un département d'art africain et océanien." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EHES0187.
Since the mid-2000s, international auction houses Christie’s and Sotheby’s have focused on building a high-end market for African and Oceanic art at auction. In just a few years, they have become major players in this market. They introduced new standards for pricing, attracting a new clientele, and establishing a commercial agenda. This evolution was facilitated by the liberalization of the French auction market at the turn of the 21st century, which allowed them to enter this historic marketplace for African and Oceanic art. Additionally, the growing presence of modern art and contemporary art collectors in this niche market have provided cross-selling opportunities. In this context, this research investigates the main strategies implemented by the staff of an international auction house to increase the economic value and desirability of African and Oceanic artworks, and thus ensure the sustainability of this auction category. The study involved six months of participant observation of activities in the specialist department, expert interviews, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of 180 sales catalogs. Through a diachronic analysis of the department’s development since its inception in the mid-1970s, the study was able to highlight the role of three generations of specialists involved in the marketing of these arts at auction, and thus shed light on the valuation power of these little-studied intermediaries. In the second section, using the extended case study and the situational analysis methods developed by M. Gluckman and C. Mitchell, this work has revealed, from a synchronic point of view, the strategies of auction staff in the major stages of preparing an auction sale. In light of these results, the auction house emerges as a sphere of valuation structured by different vectors. The auction house is deeply marked by its aristocratic origins, which have brought ongoing hierarchy and exclusivity to both people and objects. It is also influenced by a "gambling logic" which remains controlled by a strong rationalization of the value chain. This rationalization seems to make it even more necessary to emphasize emotion and create a discourse of passion specific to the art world, in order to enchant the public
Seit Mitte der 2000er Jahre arbeiten die internationalen Auktionshäuser Christie’s und Sotheby’s am Aufbau eines High-End-Marktes für afrikanische und ozeanische Kunst. Innerhalb weniger Jahre sind sie zu den wichtigsten Akteuren in diesem Markt geworden. Sie haben neue Industriestandards, höhere Preise für bestimmte Werke und eine neue Kundschaft eingeführt. Diese Entwicklung wurde durch die Liberalisierung des französischen Auktionsmarktes zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts begünstigt, wodurch sie diesen historischen Marktplatz erschließen konnten. Das Auftreten bedeutender Sammler moderner und zeitgenössischer Kunst in diesem Nischenmarkt hat Möglichkeiten für Querverkäufe geschaffen. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit die wichtigsten Strategien, die von den Mitarbeitern eines internationalen Auktionshauses angewendet werden, um den ökonomischen Wert und die Begehrlichkeit der gehandelten Werke zu steigern und den Fortbestand dieser Auktionskategorie zu sichern. Die Forschung stützt sich auf eine sechsmonatige teilnehmende Beobachtung ihrer Tätigkeit, Experteninterviews sowie eine qualitative und quantitative Auswertung von 180 Auktionskatalogen. Durch eine diachrone Analyse der Entwicklung der Abteilung seit ihrer Gründung Mitte der 1970er Jahre wird die Rolle dreier Generationen von Spezialisten, die an der Vermarktung dieser Kunst beteiligt waren, hervorgehoben und so die Wertschöpfungsmacht dieses noch wenig erforschten Marktvermittlers beleuchtet. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden anhand der von M. Gluckman und C. Mitchell entwickelten Methoden der erweiterten Fallstudie und der Situationsanalyse die Strategien dieser Akteure in den wichtigsten Phasen der Auktionsvorbereitung aus synchroner Sicht dargestellt. Im Lichte dieser Ergebnisse erweist sich das Auktionshaus als eine durch verschiedene Vektoren strukturierte Wertschöpfungssphäre. Zum einen ist das Auktionshaus von seinem aristokratischen Ursprung geprägt, der eine Hierarchisierung und Exklusivität sowohl der Personen als auch der Objekte mit sich bringt. Es wird aber auch von einer Logik des Gambling angetrieben, die durch eine starke Rationalisierung der Wertschöpfungskette abgesichert wird. Diese Rationalisierung macht es wiederum notwendig, auf einen Diskurs der Leidenschaft zurückzugreifen, der dem Kunstbereich eigen ist, um die Möglichkeit der Verzauberung des Publikums zu gewährleisten
Doyen, Audrey. "Les relations entre les musées d'ethnographie et les marchés de l'art africain et océanien en France, en Suisse et en Belgique : construire la valeur et s'approprier l'altérité." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA099/document.
This PhD thesis presents the valuation of ethnographic object through the prism of their circulation between two stakeholders : art markets and ethnographic museums. No scientific research has so far looked in depth at the relation between this two actors in the tribal art’s field, except to describe or criticise the specific case of the Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac’s foundation.My research mobilising anthropology and museology is based on intensive fieldwork with galleries, auction houses and museums in Switzerland, France and Belgium between 2013 and 2017. The comprehensive analysis shows the territorial issues between this different stakeholders and highlights the increase in events both in museums and markets. My research also draws a portrait of the market, its functionning and its hierarchies and proposes a typology of the different relations and actors. The main objective was to understand the process of fixing an object’s value. In a market dominated by speculation and a lot of arbitrariness, I highlight that this value is intrinsically linked to the control of information. Finally, the analysis shows the « how-to-think » and processes developped by all the actors in the field to rationalise some of these speculative practices. I hope I have emphasised in this work the new forms of production, appropriation, consumption and the valorisation of otherness by our society today
Cayrol-Baudrillart, Françoise. "La céramique en Mélanésie du Sud, fonction ou statut ? : le cas des Naamboï de Maleluka, une approche ethno-archéologique." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010585.
An ethno-archaeological approach to melanesian ceramic. A sociological analysis of the ceramic status of, starting from an ethnographical corpus examinated in the early XXth century by Bernard Deacon and concerning the south-werstern societies of Malekula (the Vanuatu archipelago). This study aims at defining the place given to ceremonial ceramics in the representations of Melanesian societies, in relation with the different values of these societies, and to understand what type of relations they maintained with these objects and the original funeral sites where fertility or fecondity rites took place. Completing this work is an analysis of different approaches to ceramics of oceania (notably of the lapita type), and a study of various rituals so-called "graded societies"
Bendel, Valérie. "Cadre géologique et composition des minéralisations hydrothermales en contexte arrière-arc : exemple de la dorsale du bassin nord fidjien (sud ouest Pacifique)." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES2003.
Satsukawa, Takako. "Interactions magma-roche, déformation à haute température et anisotropie sismique dans le manteau de la transition continent-océan et dans la lithosphère océanique." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20014/document.
This thesis compiles two distinct studies that both document the control of microstructures on rock seismic properties. The first part deals with the development of crystallographic preferred orientations (CPO) in the uppermost mantle associated with melt/fluid-rock interactions, recorded in peridotites xenoliths from the Japan sea back-arc basin. The microstructural and geochemical characteristics of the studied samples reveal that active spreading is associated to uppermost mantle deformation similar to that observed in the Oman ophiolite. At the onset of back-arc spreading, there are no strong interactions between melt percolation and deformation in comparison to continental rift zones, probably due to the relatively small size and short duration of the spreading event. The second part presents a unique database of plagioclase CPO from variously deformed mafic rocks. CPO are grouped in three main types; their characteristics as a function of deformation regime (magmatic or crystal-plastic) are outlined and discussed. Calculated seismic properties of gabbroic rocks show that anisotropy tends to increase as a function of fabric strength, although it is generally weak, due to the competing effect of olivine/clinopyroxene and plagioclase
Viellard-Cazaumayou, Sophie. "La circulation des objets océaniens en Occident : contribution à une analyse anthropologique du marché de l'art primitif en France." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0190.
Until recently, the anthropology research hasn't paid much attention to the tribal art market. Yet the study enriches, not only the knowledge of the french collections but also grasping the process of the value from the "curios" to art. Furthermore, we can see a different approach of exchange system. South Sea objets circulating in the Occident are useful for the understanding of tha market specificity. The growing media coverage in the 20 th century showed the emerging of these goods in the art market and especially in the auctions. The speeches of the actors specializing in that field also bring a multitude of informations to grasp the commercial manipulation of these items. This is discernible in the multiplication of references linked to the authenticity and rarefaction of the object. In addition, these also bring the collectors to keep the object as a sacred thing. However, item which became inalienable in Occident is sometimes underlying goods of oceanian identity and culture. This increases the problem of legitimacy of the possession and restitution of this object
Rortais, Florence. ""L'Art : Interface d'une citoyenneté interculturelle De l'accord de Nouméa à la Kaleutopia"." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00474844.
Lemaire, d'Agaggio Nicole. "Les sciences exactes inspiratrices des arts plastiques pendant la deuxième partie du vingtième siècle. II: Vue d'ensemble sur l'état actuel des relations entre les sciences et les arts plastiques." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066266.
Triantafyllou, Antoine. "Évolution géodynamique d’un arc insulaire néoprotérozoïque de l’Anti -Atlas marocain : caractérisation des processus de croissance intra-océanique et d’accrétion." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4031/document.
Relics of an intra-oceanic arc system are exposed in the Anti-Atlas in southern Morocco, in the Sirwa and Bou Azzer windows. Both of these areas form a highly tectonized patchwork made of a back-arc ophiolitic sequence to the north thrusted onto accreted arc complexes to the south. These arc complexes (Tachakoucht, Tazigzaout and Bougmane complexes) are made of granodioritic gneisses and amphibolites with typical oceanic arc signature and for which igneous ages range from 750 to 730 Ma. These magmas were buried, deformed and metamorphosed under MP-MT conditions in Tachakoucht (700°C - 8kbar) and HP-MT in Bougmane (750°C - 10 kbar) prior to several magmatic events dated at 700 and 650 Ma and the intrusion of hydrous basic magmas (hornblende gabbros, hornblendites) with oceanic arc signatures. This episodic magmatism strongly perturbed the thermal regime of the arc leading to the granulitization of the host rocks at different levels of the arc crust and to the genesis of intermediate to felsic magmas (granodioritic to granitic). These ones have been segregated through the crustal section intruding both stacked paleo-arc and ophiolitic remnants. This field, petrological, geochemical and geochronological study established that oceanic arc magmatism in the Anti-Atlas occurred in three flare-ups on a 120 Ma long time span (760 to 640 Ma). The growth of the arc was controlled and driven both by successive magmatic inputs and intra-oceanic tectonic thickening processes while final collision of the intraoceanic system with the West African Carton occurred later, around 630-600 Ma
Monzier, Michel. "Un Modèle de collision arc insulaire - ride océanique : évolution sismo-tectonique et pétrologie des volcanites de la zone d'affrontement arc des Nouvelles-Hébrides - ride des Loyauté." Pacifique, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PACI0004.
Imbert, Thierry. "La sédimentation volcanogène récente dans le Nord-Est de l'océan indien : téphrochronologie et diagenèse précoce." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112237.
Marine tephras studies are of great benefit for understanding the explosive volcanic history of an insuar arc, and also to evaluate their contribution to oceanisedimentation through their alteration products. In the first part this work propose a chronology of tephra deposition in the North Eastern Indian Ocean (Bengal Bay. Ninety east Ridge, Wharton Basin) and presents five periods of explosive volcanic pulse within the arc: 1; 0. 7; 0. 4; 0. 25; 0. 07 My. The glasses of rhyolitic composition, and widely dispersed by wind relate with ignimbrite formation on land. Ash layer deposits in the Bengal Bay originate from Toba eruptions since 0. 26 My, and from the North of Sumatra prior to this date. The deposits on the Ninetyeast Ridge come from the Padang Aerea (Central Sumatra. 0. 65 and 0. 07 My). The Sunda Strait volcanic activity is Jess dispersed than the ethers and deposits are limited to the North of the Warthon Basin. The second part discusses the first stage of alteration of aciditic lasses. The hydration ts heterogenous within individual ash layers and is related to the environment (bathymetry, burial, magma initial composition,. . . ). Ultrathin section studies revealed the neoformation of halloysite and illite on glass deposit insiliceous sediments, since the Eocene time. Experiments carried out at 25°c under closed conditions for one yearconfirm the exitence of a Si Al stage, and K incorporation during the beginning of the alteration process
Buret, Christophe. "Les bassins sédimentaires d'un domaine avant-arc : la marge active de Nouvelle-Zélande." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10225.
Un dernier ensemble, enfin, d'âge pliocène supérieur - quaternaire (3-0 ma) présente des faciès diversifies de milieux allant de la plate-forme interne au domaine littoral marin voire continental. Ces faciès montrent une cyclicite très nette. Notre étude a permis de mettre en évidence une discontinuité majeure à la limite mio-pliocène (6-4 ma) entre les ensembles (1) et (2). Cette discontinuité s'accompagne le plus souvent d'une lacune sédimentaire qui peut être très importante et d'une durée pouvant atteindre 6 à 8 ma. De plus, la discontinuité est soulignée par une légère discordance angulaire (généralement 5 a 10\). La discontinuité observée entre les ensembles (2) et (3) est marquée par les premières arrivées conglomératiques majeures en provenance du secteur de la chaîne axiale. Les courbes de subsidence réalisées sur une transversale de la marge ont permis de montrer que la période 6-4 ma correspondait a un changement majeur de l'évolution des bassins. Le domaine avant-arc correspond d'abord à une marge en subsidence affectée de failles normales (érosion tectonique probable) puis à une marge en compression sur laquelle va se différencier un véritable bassin avant-arc limité par des bordures en soulèvement (chaîne axiale et chaîne côtière). Cette compression pourrait être liée au passage de la bordure du plateau hikurangi (ou une autre aspérité majeure) dans la subduction puis au développement d'un prisme d'accrétion
Labou, Ibrahima. "Les complexes mafiques et ultramafiques birimiens de la ceinture de Mako (Sénégal oriental) témoins d'une évolution d'un domaine intra-océanique vers un domaine d'arc insulaire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30306.
The isotopic and trace element data on rocks and minerals in the Birimian Mako region of Senegal reveal the existence of variously differentiated magmatic rocks (from ultramafic to rhyolite cumulates) from three perfectly identified magmatic sources: a more juvenile depleted source at the origin of the tholeiitic series 1; a weakly enriched source at the origin of the tholeiitic series 2 and a highly enriched source from which the calc-alkaline series originates. We can thus propose for the Mako group the following geodynamic evolution: i) opening of an ocean resulting in the emplacement of the rocks of the tholeiitic series 1 in the setting of an oceanic ridge, the rocks having characteristics close to the MORB ; ii) intra-oceanic subduction inducing magmatism leading to the formation of an immature insular arc which is characterized by a tholeiitic magmatism represented by the tholeiitic series 2; iii) Maturation of the insular arc and emplacement of rocks of the calc-alkaline series related to the subduction of the plate and thickening of the crustal portion of the arc
Monnier, Christophe. "Mécanismes d'accrétion des domaines océaniques arrière-arc et géodynamique de l'Asie du sud-est : pétrologie et géochimie des ophiolites d'Indonésie (Sulawesi, Haute-Chaîne Centrale, Cyclops, Seram et Meratus)." Brest, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BRES2056.
Scarcella, Karen. "La diversité des communautés microbiennes eucaryotes actives dans les océans canadiens : analyses moléculaires de la diversité du gène d'ARNr 18S et de la nitrate réductase assimilatrice." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26382/26382.pdf.
Jeanvoine, Aurélien. "Métallogénie des éléments chalcophiles durant les processus magmatiques d'arrière-arc : exemple du domaine volcanique de Futuna." Thesis, Brest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BRES0020.
The study of the lavas located at the mineralized area of Fatu Kapa, away of the Futuna island, brings constraints on the processes of metal extraction and concentration, inparticular precious metals, from the magmatic processes in the source rocks towards thehydrothermal mineralizations on the seafloor. The results of the petrogenetic study show that the Fatu Kapa magmas evolve by two major steps. (1) From trachybasalts to trachyandesites,magmas evolve through fractional crystallisation and then by fractional crystallisationcoupled to assimilation. At this step, sulfide saturation is early and a sulfide phase enriched inchalcophile elements sink and accumulate at the bottom of the magmatic chamber. These phases are not easily mobilized by hydrothermal circulation. However (2), from trachyandesites to trachydacites, magmas evolve by mixing between trachyandesitic melts andmelts generated by partial melting of the hydrothermally altered wallrock. Despite low coppervalues, these melts generate sulfide drops enriched in copper, which have been identified. Amajor result is the observation of a direct link between the liquid sulfide drops and the volatilrich magmatic phase which generate the vesicles during the eruptive phases. These bubbles allow the rise and the concentration of the magmatic sulfide blebs at the top of the magmatic chamber. This process, which have been demonstrated in experimental petrology, has not yet - to our knowledge - been identified in oceanic melts
Lafoy, Yves. "Evolution géodynamique des bassins marginaux Nord-Fidjien et de Lau (Sud-Ouest Pacifique)." Brest, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BRES2024.
Aizprua, Carlos. "Structure et développement du bassin d'avant-arc du sud-ouest des Andes du Nord." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR001.
The SW Ecuador‐NW Peru forearc region is the southernmost location, where the Caribbean large igneous province (CLIP) interacted with the South American margin since the Late Cretaceous. The accretion of the CLIP to the margin led to the entrapment of the North Andean crustal Sliver, conforming the underlying basement of the forearc region in Ecuador, whereas in NW Peru, forearc depocenters involve rocks of continental affinity. Many existing tectonic reconstructions have treated these two areas independently, largely based on their crustal affinities. In contrast, this study integrates previous studies into an analysis of unpublished seismic profiles, potential field data, outcrop stratigraphy, and recent studies dealing with the dynamics of allochthonous terrane accretion along continental margins. Our integrated approach shows that SW Ecuador was dominated by a Late Cretaceous deforming outer wedge, which may have constituted a remnant of a northeast or northwest dipping obliquely obducted oceanic block at the edge of the CLIP. This tectonic phase was governed by plate instability, affecting NW Peru and SW Ecuador, followed by reestablishment of the margin by early Eocene. The resulting margin configuration and the spatial distribution of the different tectonic elements seem to have played a key role in the further Cenozoic development of the forearc region. The model presented in this study proposes that the accretion of buoyant oceanic terranes may have had a profound impact on the early margin configuration of SW Ecuador and NW Peru and led to the development of localized but genetically related forearc depocenters
Le, Faouder Antoine. "Caractérisation géochimique (déséquilibres 230Th/238U, isotopes Sr, Nd et Pb, éléments en traces) du volcanisme de dorsale en contexte d'interaction point chaud dorsale : Cas des bassins marginaux du Sud Ouest Pacifique et de la dorsale Centrale Indienne." Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES2039.
Studying U series disequilibria in young lavas (<10kyr) is a powerful tool for understanding magma genesis and transfer such as time constraints of melt ascent or mantle porosity. Combined trace element geochemistry, isotope composition and U series data are able to indicate source heterogeneity due to the possible input of plume-derived enriched material. Input of additional mantle material can be carried out under two forms : melt or solid transport state. A major constrain to decipher between these two mechanisms is the duration of transport. Thus, U series disequilibria can provide information about the rate of the transfer process and therefore the transport mechanism of the process. The study presented here (on lavas from the North Fiji and Lau basins and the Central Indian Ridge) is probably one of the first to constrain ridge hotspot interaction using U series disequilibria and accentuates the peculiar interest of this method
Seibert, Chloé. "Transferts Sédimentaires et Grands Séismes dans l'Arc des Petites Antilles : apport de la Paleosismologie en mer." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/SEIBERT_chloe_2_complete_20190701.pdf.
The Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc, resulting from the subduction of the American plates beneath the Caribbean plate, is threatened by large magnitude earthquakes that can be generated at the interface of these plates, such as the Mw 9.3 2004 Sumatra earthquake. The historical seismic catalogue began in the 17th century in the Lesser Antilles, thus the seismic hazard is only known for a short period of time. Only two destructive earthquakes, in 1839 and 1843, were interpreted as megathrust earthquakes, with estimated magnitudes greater than 8. It is therefore essential to obtain new information on the seismogenic potential of this area. Several methods have been developed to find traces of old earthquakes. In the context of the Lesser Antilles Arc, offshore paleoseismology is the most appropriate. This method is based on the analysis of turbiditic events generated by earthquakes. A morpho-sedimentary analysis, based on a large set of imaging data (bathymetric and backscatter data and seismic profiles), characterized the current sediment transfers and their forcing. We identify two distinct areas separated by the Desirade escarpment: northwards, the seafloor is characterized by steep escarpments incised by many small canyons and deep basins; whereas southwards, the insular slope is gentle and incised by major canyons that flow towards the only forearc basin in this area. This study allowed us to highlight an important tectonic control of the drainage system and several basins isolated from the sedimentary inputs of the arc, which were collected during the CASEIS cruise.Thirteen long sedimentary cores, which were collected along the two areas which probably ruptured during the 1839 (offshore Martinique) and 1843 (offshore Guadeloupe) earthquakes, were subjected to detailed sedimentological analysis (geophysical and geochemical measurements, grain sizes analyses, sediment composition, radiocarbon ages). The results suggest that the majority of turbidites recorded are co-seismic events. In the Guadeloupe sector, the extent of destabilization as well as PGA measurements imply that these earthquakes are generated at the subduction interface. Among these events, four are associated with specific sedimentary facies suggesting paleo-tsunamis. In the Martinique sector, the temporality of the events, identical to those recorded offshore Guadeloupe, also involves earthquakes generated at the interface between the plates. The absence of deposition associated with historical earthquakes suggests that documented turbidites are generated by shallower or larger earthquakes. The non-synchronicity of major events despite similar recurrence intervals suggests that subduction in the Lesser Antilles is segmented but that an interaction may exist between segment ruptures
Larroque, Christophe. "L'accrétion tectonique de sédiments : modalités géométriques et cinématiques : paléo-circulation des fluides : étude d'un exemple, le prisme sicilien." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE4706.
Font, Yvonne. "Contribution à l'étude de la terminaison ouest de la subduction des Ryukyus au niveau de la collision active arc-continent à Taiwan : apports de la sismique réflexion et de la relocalisation hypocentrale." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20204.
Hernández, Salazar María José. "Evolution of the forearc basins in Ecuador : from the accretion of oceanic allochthonous terranes to the uplift of the Andes and Coastal Cordilleras." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS236.
Ecuador offers a remarkable opportunity to study the evolution of forearc basins installed on accreted oceanic plateau. The interpretation of a network of industrial 2D-Multichannel Seismic Reflection profiles, calibrated with borehole data and regional stratigraphy, allowed to determine the main stages of the forearc evolution. The pre and syn-accretionary stages were documented in the current inner basins by Campanian volcanoclastic deposits sourced by the volcanic island arc which topped the oceanic plateau. NE dipping thrusts ruled shortening at the beginning of the oblique collision between the oceanic plateau and continental plate. Reverse faults and folds are synchronous with a regional erosion linked the end of the accretion during the early-middle Eocene. The forearc sensu-stricto domain is established coeval with the subduction of Farallón plate under South American plate. A regional extensional regimen initiated the double forearc basin configuration along the future Coastal Cordillera during the early Neogene. This phase coincides with the subduction of the Nazca plate, which marks the initiation of modern forearc basins. The basin subsidence during the Miocene was led by the orogenic building effects of the Andean reliefs. The segmentation of the margin is a response of regional uplifts related to strike-slip and reverse reactivation of inherited crustal faults during the Plio-Pleistocene ages. The collision and subduction of the Carnegie ridge explain the forearc segmentation and the coeval Costal Cordillera exhumation. This study provides a remarkable example of the evolution of a non-accretionary-type forearc basin influenced by volcanic ridge subduction
Desmet, Alain. "Ophiolites et séries basaltiques crétacées des régions caraïbes et nordandines : bassins marginaux, dorsales ou plateaux océaniques ?" Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10313.
Maturana, Martínez Claudia. "Diversity and community composition of active microbial communities in southern high latitude ecosystems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS134.
Southern high latitudes marine ecosystems (HLME) are highly sensitive to climate change, impacting physical, chemical, and biological processes, however, their prominent role in climate modulation and water masses circulation, contrast with the relatively low number of studies on their functioning. Relatively few studies on bacterioplankton community structure have been reported for southern Chilean Patagonia and for the Southern Ocean (SO) on a large scale, and none have targeted the active fraction of the bacterioplankton community. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze and describe the community structure of the active bacterioplankton communities in southern HLME. The main objective of this thesis was to characterize de diversity and abundance of bacterioplankton communities along environmental and geographical gradients in southern HLME. First, we investigated whether nearby fjords of the southern Chilean Patagonia, with similar climate and location but different freshwater inflows, had different communities. Second, we investigated interannual changes experienced by the bacterioplankton community of the Yendegaia fjord. Third, we examined the large-scale spatial structure of the bacterioplankton community along a transect across the Pacific sector of the SO. Ours results show that southern polar bacterioplanktonic communities are structured according to physical, chemical, and biological parameters characteristic of the area. In addition, we also demonstrated that changes in environmental, spatial, and temporal parameters affect the structure of bacterioplanktonic communities. Thus, highlighting the importance of microbial ecology studies in areas sensitive to global climate change such as southern HLME
Belhadj, Brahim Ali. "Influence des constituants alumineux et ferriques non cristallins sur les cycles du carbone et de l'azote dans les sols montagnards acides." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376027521.
Vaillant, Brigitte. "Étude expérimentale du rôle de flores bactériennes dans la formation de l'apatite." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10452.
Bouteca, Maurice. "Fracturation hydraulique calcul de propagation d'une fracture induite dans un massif rocheux /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37603363t.
Siegelman, Lia. "Ageostrophic dynamics in the ocean interior A correction for the thermal mass–induced errors of CTD tags mounted on marine mammals, in the Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35 (6), June 2018 Submesoscale ocean fronts act as biological hotspot for southern elephant seal, in Scientific Reports 9, 2019 Ocean‐scale interactions from space, in Earth and Space Science 6(5), May 2019 Correction and accuracy of high- and low-resolution CTD data from animal-borne instruments, in the Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36 (5), May 2019 Diagnosing ocean‐wave‐turbulence interactions from space, in Geophysical Research Letters 46(15), August 2019 Sub‐mesoscale fronts modify elephant seals foraging behavior, in Limnology and Oceanography Letters, 4(6), December 2019." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0094.
The ocean is the largest solar energy collector on Earth. The amount of heat it can store is modulated by its complex circulation, which spans a broad range of spatial scales, from centimeters to thousands of kilometers. This dissertation investigates two types of physical processes: mesoscale eddies (100-300 km size) and submesoscale fronts (£ 50 km size). To date, ageostrophic submesoscale motions are thought to be mainly trapped within the ocean surface mixed layer, and to be weak in the ocean interior. This is because, in the classical paradigm, motions below the mixed layer are broadly assumed to be in quasigeostrophic balance, preventing the formation of strong buoyancy gradients at depth. This dissertation introduces a paradigm shift; based on a combination of high-resolution in situ CTD data collected by instrumented elephant seals, satellite observations of sea surface height, and high-resolution model outputs in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, we show that ageostrophic motions (i) are generated by the backgound mesoscale eddy field via frontogenesis processes, and (ii) are not solely confined to the ocean surface mixed layer but, rather, can extend in the ocean interior down to depths of 1 000 m. Deepreaching ageostrophic fronts are shown to drive an anomalous upward heat transport from the ocean interior back to the surface that is larger than other contributions to vertical heat transport and of comparable magnitude to air-sea fluxes. This effect can potentially alter oceanic heat uptake and will be strongest in eddy-rich regions such as the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the Kuroshio Extension, and the Gulf Stream, all of which are key players in the climate system. As such, ageostrophic fronts at submesoscale provide an important, yet unexplored, pathway for the transport of heat, chemical and biological tracers, between the ocean interior and the surface, with potential major implications for the biogeochemical and climate systems
Freydier, Claire. "L'Arc du "Guerrero terrane" et le bassin d'Arperos (Cordillères mexicaines) : caractérisation pétro-géochimique et évolution géodynamique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10017.
Freydier, Claire. "L'arc du "Guerrero terrane" et le bassin d'Arperos (Cordillères mexicaines) : caractérisation pétro-géochimique et évolution géodynamique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688208.
Dupont, Pierre-Luc. "Pétrologie et géochimie des ensembles magmatiques pharusien I et II, dans le rameau oriental de la chaîne pharusienne (Hoggar, Algérie) : Implications géodynamiques pour l'évolution d'une chaîne mobile au protérozoïque supérieur." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10332.
Déry, Catherine. "Art, Internet et dissidence en Chine : le cas d'Ai Weiwei." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22025.
SATSUKAWA, Takako. "Interactions magma-roche, déformation à haute température et anisotropie sismique dans le manteau de la transition continent-océan et dans la lithosphère océanique." Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795505.
Dhuime, Bruno. "Caractérisation géochimique de l'arc du Kohistan (Nord Pakistan) : implications pour l'initiation et l'évolution d'une subduction océanique." Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00437770.