Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Art, European – 16th century'
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Schneider, Leann G. "Capturing Otherness on Canvas: 16th - 18th century European Representation of Amerindians and Africans." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1437430892.
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Strickrodt, Silke. "Afro-European trade relations on the western slave coast, 16th to 19th centuries." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2616.
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This thesis deals with the Afro-European trade on the Western Slave Coast from about 1600 to the 1880s, mainly the slave trade but also the trade in ivory and agricultural produce. The Western Slave Coast comprises the coastal areas of modem Togo and parts of the coastal areas of Ghana and Benin. For much of the period under discussion, this region was dominated by two kingdoms, the kingdom of the Hula (or Pla), known to European traders as Great or Grand Popo, after its coastal port (in modern Benin), and the kingdom of the Ge (Gen/Guin/Genyi), known to European traders as Little Popo, after its main coastal port (in modern Togo). In the nineteenth century, two more ports of trade appeared in the region, Agoud (in modem Benin) and Porto Seguro (in modern Togo). In terms of the Afro-European trade, this was an intermediate area between regions of greater importance to slave traders, the Gold Coast to the west and the eastern Slave Coast (mainly the kingdom of Dahomey) to the east. This thesis gives a detailed reconstruction of the political and commercial developments in the region, especially for the period from the 1780s and the 1860s. The discussion is based mainly on archival material from British, French and African archives, but also makes use of a wide range of published accounts, mainly in English, French and German, and information from oral traditions. Beyond its immediate local interest, the thesis contributes to our understanding of the operation of the Afro-European trade and its impact on African middleman societies. The intermittent commercial success of 'the Popos' illustrates the dynamics of the trade especially clearly. The Western Slave Coast is placed into the wider transatlantic trade network and its role in the trade re-evaluated. The link between the local and overseas economy is illustrated by the centrality of the lagoon, which is discussed in detail. Other important issues that are addressed include the role of the canoemen in the trade, the transition from the slave trade to the palm oil trade and the Afro-Brazilian settlement at Agoue.
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Chase, Carol A. "The Reliability of 16th-Century European Claims about Pueblo Lifestyles: An Archaeological Test." University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/112062.
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Sixteenth-century Europeans explored the New World to expand their sponsors' territories, to acquire wealth, and to convert souls. Today, archaeologists research the peoples about whom the explorers wrote. Although sometimes inaccurate, the explorers' accounts can provide insights into daily life that the archaeological record cannot. On the other hand, archaeological data fills in many gaps about Pueblo lifeways that the explorers failed to mention. However, both sources must be used with caution, since both are prone to biases.. This paper compares the archaeological and the narrative information on precontact- and contact- period Pueblo religion, material resources, and diet and points to the pitfalls of excluding either of these two information sources. It concludes that a more accurate reconstruction of the lifeways of the Pueblo people will combine, among other sources, both the 16th-century explorers' narratives and the archaeological record.
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Panofré, Charlotte Anne. "Printing Protestant texts under Mary I : the Marian exiles' publishing strategies in their European context, 1553-58." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708245.
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True, Thomas-Leo Richard. "Power and place : the Marchigian Cardinals of Sixtus V." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648270.
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Carvalho, Guida Maria Gomes. "16th century images of Japanese garden art: analysis of the jesuit's texts published in Portugal." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17814.
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Mestrado em Arquitetura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe dissertation theme focus on how the Portuguese Jesuit manuscripts describe Japanese gardens for the first time in Europe. This research belongs to a larger project led by Cristina Castel-Branco since 2012 and applied to cities and landscapes that have been described during the 16th century by the Portuguese Jesuits. The first Missionary group arrived in Japan in 1549 led by Saint Francis Xavier (1506-1552). During their stay (1549-1643), they wrote numerous letters to the remaining members of the Company of Jesus and a few books reporting the progression of the Japanese Mission. In these documents they described the country they saw and gave their opinion on the local daily practices. The data obtained for the research project was supplied by paragraphs of texts containing information on Japanese garden, cities and landscapes, found within these texts, which are the most relevant 16th century documents published in Portugal on the subject. The findings of the present work confirms that the Jesuits writings contain significant information on Japanese garden art and make it possible the comparison between the images found and the images of the 16th century Japanese garden produced in Japan. Garden art and theory was analysed to provide a background of how the gardens observed by the Jesuits were and had evolved trough time. The selected passages describe the gardens of the powerful personalities and institutions of the time. Some of these places have survived until the present day, and were visited for the sake of this project. They suggest that the defined programs that label the Japanese gardens of the sixteen century nowadays were more vast and flexible than what is generally acknowledge and may be a contribution for Japanese Garden Art
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Tsang, Wing-yi. "Jewish imagery and orientalism in nineteenth and early twentieth century European art." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40040355.
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Tsang, Wing-yi, and 曾穎怡. "Jewish imagery and orientalism in nineteenth and early twentieth century European art." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40040355.
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Wong, Mei-kin Maggie, and 黃美堅. "Collecting and picturing the orient: China's impact on nineteenth-century European Art." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2954452X.
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Norris, R. Mae. "Beyond the battlefield : Venice's Condottieri families and artistic patronage : the Colleoni of Bergamo, Martinengo di Padernello of Brescia and the Savorgnan del Monte of Udine (1450-1600)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708397.
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Robert-Nicoud, Vincent Corentin. "The world upside-down in sixteenth-century French literature and visual culture." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1c0536cf-ffcf-4324-a626-19075e1acca8.
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To call something 'inverted' or 'topsy-turvy' in the sixteenth century is, above all, to label it as abnormal, unnatural and going against the natural order of things. The topos of the world upside-down brings to mind a world returned to its initial state of primeval chaos, in which everything is inside-out, topsy-turvy and out of bounds: fish live in trees, children rule over their parents, wives command their husband and rivers flow back to their source. This thesis undertakes a detailed account of the development of the topos of the world upside-down in sixteenth-century French literature and visual culture. By examining different uses of this topos - comic, moralising and polemical - it relates the transformations of the topos to religious, social and political conflicts of the period. To explain the shift of this topos from comic and moralising device to satirical and polemical tool, this thesis argues that troubled times produce troubled texts. In order to demonstrate this hypothesis, two kinds of evidence will be examined: Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 present diachronic evidence of the 'polemicisation' of the topos of the world upside-down in literary genres of the period (adages, paradoxes and emblems) and within François Rabelais's body of work; Chapter 3 and 4 provide synchronic evidence of the polemical use of the topos of the world upside-down during the French religious wars in Huguenot and Catholic polemic and in depictions of socio-political turmoil. Charting the variety of uses of the topos of the world upside-down throughout the sixteenth century, this thesis connects the world upside-down and its historical context; and contributes to the scholarship on religious polemic.
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Mannering, Hildegard Kirsten. "European stylistic influence on early twentieth century South African painters." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002207.
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South African artists, d i ssatisfied with the staid environment in local circles, felt the need to travel abroad for fresh stimulation. This need allowed for a historical investigation into the results, beneficial or otherwise, of the influence of European modernism on early twentieth century South African painters. Because of the numerous practising artists in South Africa at the time, it was found necessary to give cohesion to the artists discussed and, therefore the most pertinent were grouped into artistic movements. Thus, H.Naude, R . G. Goodman and H.S. Caldecott are discussed in conjunction with Impressionism. B. Everard, R. Everard-Haden and J.H. Pierneef are compared to the post-Impressionists and finally, I.Stern and M. Laubser are equated with the Fauves and Expressionists. To ascertain the true effect of European stylistic influence, a comparative analysis of work executed before European visits and upon the artists' return was imperative. Simultaneously, as part of the analysis, reference was also made to any work executed by these artists while in Europe. European movements of the period are also reviewed, enabling precise grouping and better understanding of t he styles adopted by the chosen group of early twentieth century South African artists. Some attention is given to the impact these artists had on South African art upon their return, as this confirms the degree of European influence and facilitates the classification of styles adopted by the selected group. In conclusion, to establish the extent to which European art was influential, a brief synopsis shows the changes in local groups, once these artists had re-established themselves in South Africa.
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Hammond, Joseph. "Art, devotion and patronage at Santa Maria dei Carmini, Venice : with special reference to the 16th-Century altarpieces." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3047.
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This study is an art history of Santa Maria dei Carmini, Venice, from its foundation in c. 1286 to the present day, with a special focus on the late Renaissance period (c. 1500-1560). It explores a relatively overlooked corner of Renaissance Venice and provides an opportunity to study the Carmelite Order's relationship to art. It seeks to answer outstanding questions of attribution, dating, patronage, architectural arrangements and locations of works of art in the church. Additionally it has attempted to have a diverse approach to problems of interpretation and has examined the visual imagery's relationship to the Carmelite liturgy, religious function and later interpretations of art works. Santa Maria dei Carmini was amongst the largest basilicas in Venice when it was completed and the Carmelites were a major international order with a strong literary tradition. Their church in Venice contained a wealth of art works produced by one of the most restlessly inventive generations in the Western European tradition. Chapter 1 outlines a history of the Carmelites, their hagiography and devotions, which inform much of the discussion in later chapters. The second Chapter discusses the early history of the Carmelite church in Venice, establishing when it was founded, and examining the decorative aspects before 1500. It demonstrates how the tramezzo and choir-stalls compartmentalised the nave and how these different spaces within the church were used. Chapter 3 studies two commissions for the decoration of the tramezzo, that span the central period of this thesis, c. 1500-1560. There it is shown that subjects relevant to the Carmelite Order, and the expected public on different sides of the tramezzo were chosen and reinterpreted over time as devotions changed. Cima da Conegliano's Adoration of the Shepherds (c. 1511) is discussed in Chapter 4, where the dedication of the altar is definitively proven and the respective liturgy is expanded upon. The tradition of votive images is shown to have influenced Cima's representation of the donor. In Chapter 5 Cima's altarpiece for the Scuola di Sant'Alberto's altar is shown to have been replaced because of the increasing ambiguity over the identification of the titulus after the introduction of new Carmelite saints at the beginning of the century. Its compositional relationship to the vesperbild tradition is also examined and shown to assist the faithful in important aspects of religious faith. The sixth chapter examines the composition of Lorenzo Lotto's St Nicholas in Glory (1527-29) and how it dramatises the relationship between the devoted, the interceding saints and heaven. It further hypothesises that the inclusion of St Lucy is a corroboration of the roles performed by St Nicholas and related to the confraternity's annual celebrations in December. The authorship, date and iconography of Tintoretto's Presentation of Christ (c. 1545) is analysed in Chapter 7, which also demonstrates how the altarpiece responds to the particular liturgical circumstances on the feast of Candlemas. The final chapter discusses the church as a whole, providing the first narrative of the movement of altars and development of the decorative schemes. The Conclusion highlights the important themes that have developed from this study and provides a verdict on the role of ‘Carmelite art' in the Venice Carmini.
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Cantu, Jennifer A. "Paolo Veronese’s Annunciations." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1524730134754678.
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Puodžiukienė, Dalė. "Evolution of wooden architecture of manor houses in Lithuania (from the middle of the 16th century till the middle of the 19th century)." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110808_093850-01870.
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Doctoral thesis Evolution of wooden architecture of manor houses in Lithuania (from the middle of 16th century till the middle of 19th century) explore and present an evolution of the wooden architecture of manor houses since the middle of the 16th century till the middle of the 19th century. The thesis investigates the existing and not existing (known from the sources) wooden residential buildings of Lithuanian nobility, identifies their dominant types and reasons, which influenced the change of architecture, and reveals the singularities of the architecture and the relation of a manor’s house with ethnic and professional architecture. The research has shown that the architectural evolution of the manor house owned by nobility of different rank was developing differently. The development of great and middle-class nobility’s manor house was intense, especially influenced by the changes in style architecture. The small noblemen‘s houses were changing a little, their construction followed the ethnic traditions. According to the layout and shape of structures and forms of the buildings set on the manors of great and middle-class nobility, three stages of their architectural evolution were singled out: the period of early formation (till the middle of the 17th century), “baroque” period (from the middle of the 17th century till the seventh decade of the 18th century) and the “classicism” period (from the end of 18th century till the end of the 19th century). The doctoral thesis... [to full text]Disertacijoje nagrinėjami Lietuvos bajorijos mediniai gyvenamieji pastatai, darbe vadinami ponų namais. Darbo tikslas – išaiškinti ir pateikti Lietuvos bajorų namų medinės architektūros raidą nuo Valakų reformos iki 1861 Valstiečių reformos. Darbe tirti esami bei neišlikę (žinomi dėka šaltinių) mediniai bajorijos namai, nustatyti vyravę pastatų tipai, priežastys, lėmusios tipų kaitą, atskleidžiami architektūros ypatumai, ponų namo santykis su etnine ir profesionaliąja architektūra. Tyrimai parodė, kad skirtingų bajorijos sluoksnių ponų namų architektūros raida vyko skirtingai. Stambių ir vidutinių bajorų namų raida buvo intensyvi, ją ypač veikė stilinės architektūros pokyčiai. Smulkių bajorų namai kito mažai, statyboje laikytasi etninių tradicijų. Pagal stambių ir vidutinių bajorų XVI a. vidurio– XIX a. vidurio pastatų planines ir tūrines –erdvines struktūras ir formas, išskirti trys architektūrinės raidos etapai: ankstyvasis- formavimosi (iki XVII a. vidurio), „barokinis“ (XVII a. vidurio – XVIII a. septinto dešimtmečio); „klasicistinis“ (XVIII a. pabaigos – XIX a. vidurio). Pirmajame etape iš esmės pakito gyvenamosios erdvės sankloda ir namo įvaizdis: vietoje kelių skirtingų funkcijų namų, skirtų bajoro šeimai ir jo svečiams (gyvenamojo, pokylių namo, ir kt.) susiformavo vienas daugiafunkcinis, parterinis, simetriškos kompozicijos ponų namas. Antrajame ir trečiajame etapuose daugiafunkcinis ponų namas buvo tobulinamas pagal etiketo (gyvenimo būdo) ir vyravusių stilių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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MacDonald, Deanna. "Acknowledging the "Lady of the house" : memory, authority and self-representation in the patronage of Margaret of Austria." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38227.
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Margaret of Austria (1480--1530) ruled the Burgundian Netherlands for over twenty years and was an integral member of the joint Houses of Burgundy and Habsburg. She was also one of the most prolific patrons and collectors of her time. This dissertation examines Margaret's patronage in relation to her contemporary environment with the aim of extending and deepening our understanding of her commissions within the dynamics and discourses of the culture of the early sixteenth century.Margaret of Austria was a highly conscientious patron and the art and architecture she commissioned intimately reflected her life. Chapter one introduces the historical facts of Margaret's life as well as issues affecting her patronage. Chapter two considers the monastery of Brou in Savoy as Margaret's architectural autobiography. Drawing on documentation and the building itself, it examines Margaret's involvement in Brou's creation. Chapter three looks at several of Margaret's other commissions such as her residence, the Palace of Savoy in Mechelen and the Convent of the Annunciate in Bruges. This chapter considers the potential goals of these projects, as ambitious as founding a capital city, embellishing her authority as a ruler, or attaining sainthood. Chapter four turns to Margaret's self-portraits, that is, images she commissioned of herself. Created in several mediums for a variety of audiences (including herself), Margaret's self-portraits portray her as everything from a widow to a goddess to a saint. Each image was designed for a specific audience and demonstrates Margaret's understanding of the function of images in negotiating a place in the contemporary world and history. Chapter five presents Margaret's view of herself as one of the rulers of a New World Empire with her pioneering collection of artefacts from the Americas. The conclusion considers the unique image of Margaret of Austria that emerges from her commissions.
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Botelho, Lynn Ann. "English housewives in theory and practice, 1500-1640." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4293.
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Women in early modem England were expected to marry, and then to become housewives. Despite the fact that nearly fifty percent of the population was in this position, little is known of the expectations and realities of these English housewives. This thesis examines both the expectations and actual lives of middling sort and gentry women in England between 1500 and 1640.
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Tyce, Spencer R. "German Conquistadors and Venture Capitalists: The Welser Company's Commercial Experiment in 16th Century Venezuela and the Caribbean World." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1436218400.
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Fitzpatrick, Devin Marie. "The interrelation of art and space an investigation of late nineteenth and early twentieth century European painting and interior space /." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2004/d%5Ffitzpatrick%5F043004.pdf.
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Zhu, Ying. "Evidence of existing knowledge of China and its influence on European art and architecture in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37096.
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This dissertation investigates the extent of knowledge of China in Europe and, more particularly, Chinese influence on European art and architecture in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It attempts to answer the following questions:
1. What visual and literature resources on China and Chinese art in Europe were available in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
2. To which extent was there any understanding of Chinese art and architecture in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
3. To which extent might this understanding have affected European art and architecture in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
Although European contacts with China began in the early sixteenth century, few scholars have touched on the evidence that exists of the extent of European knowledge of Chinese architecture before 1720, even on the possible impact of the Chinese architectural designs that were depicted on Chinese porcelains and other merchandise imported into Europe for two centuries before that date. This dissertation examines the evidence for the employment of new and differing aesthetics derived from Chinese artifacts and then assimilated in European art, architecture and landscape in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
After examining the variety of resources from which the new aesthetics derived from Chinese artifacts imported into Europe was evolved, the dissertation analyzes Chinese influence in different nations in an order which follows the most consistently open and effective communications to the Far East.
In the process, the dissertation quotes the contemporary historical descriptions of those Chinese artifacts as well as attempting to identify their influence on European art and architecture, thus providing evidence that the interaction between China and Europe served as subtle but active, generative force in European art throughout the period.
In sum, the thesis attempts to explore the European understanding of Chinese art in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and to examine the consequences of that influence as they were reflected in European art and architecture. It analyzes some of the most influential and related social, political, and religious aspects that acted as powerful stimuli, which in turn affected in the growth of Chinese influence on European art, architecture and landscape.
This dissertation thus attempts to push back the significance of the Chinese influence on aspects of European artistic styles from the accepted date of the early eighteenth century to the seventeenth and even earlier - the sixteenth century.
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Schachnow, Ellionore. "Marten van Cleve - The Massacre of the Innocents : Comparative study of different versions of the subject and the function of drawings in flemish workshops during the 16th-century." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för kultur och estetik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193262.
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The thesis examines Marten van Cleve’s painting the Massacre of the Innocents from the Stockholm University Art Collection through a series of technical examinations that were conducted at Spökslottet in January 2020 (X-ray, UV, IRR). The aim of the thesis is to examine Marten van Cleve’s painting technique, style and composition by comparing the painting with five contemporary similar versions of the subject the Massacre of the Innocents. Moreover, the thesis compares the underdrawing of the painting from the Stockholm University Art collection with the drawing from the Göttingen University art collection that are similar in composition and signed by Marten van Cleve. Additionally, the thesis examines the relationship between preparatory drawings and underdrawings in the artists environment in order to learn more about Marten van Cleve’s painting process as well as gain insight into the practice of contemporary 16th-century Flemish artists.
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Barnes, Teresa L. "A nun's life : Barking Abbey in the late-medieval and early modern periods." PDXScholar, 2004. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/948.
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The purpose of this project is to gain an understanding of the daily lives of nuns in an English nunnery by examining a particular prominent abbey. This study also attempts to update the history of the abbey by incorporating methods and theories used by recent historians of women's monasticism, as well as recent archaeological evidence found at the abbey site. By including specific examinations of Barking Abbey's last nuns, as well as the nuns' artistic and cultural pursuits, this thesis expands the scholarship of the abbey's history into areas previously unexplored. This thesis begins with a look at the nuns of Barking Abbey. the social status of their secular families, and how that status may have defined life in the abbey. It also looks at how Barking fit into the larger context of English women's monasticism based on the social provenance of its nuns. The analysis then turns to the nuns' daily temporal and spiritual responsibilities, focusing on the nuns' liturgical lives as well as the work required for the efficient maintenance of the house. Also covered is the relationship the abbey and its nuns had with their local lay community. This is followed by an examination of cultural activity at the abbey with discussion of books and manuscripts, music, singing, procession, and various other art forms. The final chapter examines the abbey's dissolution in 1539 under Henry VIII's religious reforms, including the dissolution's effect on some of the abbey's last nuns.
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Nelson, Charmaine Andrea. "Narrating blackness : studies in femininity, sexuality and race in European and American art of the nineteenth-century." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540694.
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This dissertation is an exploration of the representation of black female subjects within American and European art of the nineteenth century. The popularity of Cleopatra among artists and specifically her nineteenth-century re-incarnation as a black woman, has been used as a starting point for an examination of abolitionist visual discourse and for the examination of the (im)possibility of the black female subject within western visual culture generally. The period of study includes a time of great change and upheaval in the social, symbolic and legal status of the black body, marking the shift from Trans Atlantic Slavery through abolitionism to Emancipation - which is also the transition from the enslaved to the "liberated" black body. I have chosen to focus upon neoclassical sculpture in order to explore its aesthetic and material specificity which, privileging white marble, disavowed the signification of race at the level of skin/complexion. Within neoclassicism, racial disavowal was also registered at the level of subject, symbolism and narrative where the white fear and rejection of the so-called full-blooded negro type resulted in the prevalence of the white-negro body of the inter-racial female -a miscegenated body that in its proximity to whiteness both alleviated and (em)bodied the cross-racial contact which colonial logic most abhorred. But my choices are also informed by my desire to interrogate neoclassicism's investment in the racial differencing of bodies and its relatedness to the biological construction of race within nineteenth-century human sciences. Both fields were dependant upon the paradigmatic status of the white male body as the unquestioned apex of an hierarchical arrangement of racial types and the authority of vision as a supposedly objective tool of physical observation and differentiation. Neoclassical objects have been contextualized by sculpture of other media, specifically polychromy, as well as painting and other popular cultural objects to demonstrate the representational limits and subjective possibilities of specific art forms. These different styles and types of art were governed by different material and aesthetic requirements and practices which engendered different processes of viewing. However, this is not only an exploration of identity and identification of the represented subject, but also an inquiry into how the identity of the artists/producers and viewers impacts their representation and consumption of "other" bodies. This dissertation is an intervention into the hegemonic practice of western culture which challenges the traditional disciplinarity of art history by insisting upon the importance of race to cultural practice. Using post-colonial and feminist rereadings of Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis which can account for both the material and the psychic, I have theorized the process through which racial identification is achieved, locating culture as a colonial field where identifications are produced, secured and deployed. The significance of a black feminist agenda is the fundamental belief in the inseparability of sex and gender identifications from race and colour in any-body, as well as an attentiveness to the multiplicity and simultaneity of marginalization. Ultimately, I am questioning the extent to which an identification is registered not only in the object of representation, but occurs within the process of viewing.
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Sandoval, Elizabeth Marie. "A Material Sign of Self: The Book as Metaphor and Representation in Fifteenth-Century Northern European Art." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531875789992912.
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Maxson, Brian Jeffrey, and Stefano U. Baldassarri. "Giannozzo Manetti's Oratio in Funere Iannotii Pandolfini: Art, Humanism and Politics in Fifteenth-Century Florence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1400/249098.
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Ignatidou, Artemis. "Four short (hi)stories of a 19th century Greek-European musical interaction, and the cultural outcomes thereof." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16094.
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The thesis investigates the impact of western art music ('classical') upon the construction of Greek-European identity in the 19th century. Through the examination of institutions such as the Theatre of Athens that hosted the Italian opera for the better part of the 19th century, the Conservatory of Athens (1873), the Conservatory of Thessaloniki (1914), various 19th century literary societies, press content, scores, publications on music, and state regulations on education, the thesis utilizes both musical, as well as extra-musical material to construct a cultural and social history of Greece's understanding of the 'European' in relation to local Greek society through music between 1840 and 1914. At the same time, it highlights the importance of transnational institutional and interpersonal musical networks between Greece and Europe (mainly England, France, and Germany), to demonstrate how political and aesthetic preferences influenced long-term policy, cultural practice, and musical tradition. While examining the 19th century diplomatic, political, and cultural practices of the expanding 19th century Greek Kingdom, the thesis traces the development of western musical taste and practice in Balkan Greece in relation to the local modernizing society. It highlights the importance of local and European artistic agents and networks, identifies the tension between the projection of European identity and raw acoustic divergence, argues for about the contribution of music to the construction of Greek-European identity, and examines the cultural and political negotiations about the conflicting relationship between Byzantine-Hellenic-European-Modern Greek, as expressed through music and debates on music. The last part of the thesis assembles the 19th century material to explain the relationship between nationalism and musical practice at the turn of the 20th century, and as such the long-term influence of western art music upon the construction of Greek-European national identity.
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Wheeler, Carol Ellen. "Every man crying out : Elizabethan anti-Catholic pamphlets and the birth of English anti-Papism." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3959.
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To the Englishmen of the sixteenth century the structure of the universe seemed clear and logical. God had created and ordered it in such a way that everyone and everything had a specific, permanent place which carried with it appropriate duties and responsibilities. Primary among these requirements was obedience to one's betters, up the Chain of Being, to God. Unity demanded uniformity; obedience held the universe together. Within this context, the excommunication of Elizabeth Tudor in 1570 both redefined and intensified the strain between the crown and the various religious groups in the realm. Catholics had become traitors, or at least potential traitors, with the stroke of a papal pen.
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Litzenberger, Caroline J. "The role of episcopal theology and administration in the implementation of the settlement of religion, 1559-c. 1575." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3983.
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The term, Elizabethan Settlement, when applied solely to the adoption of the Prayer Book in 1559 or the Thirty-nine Articles in 1563, is misleading. The final form of the Settlement was the result of a creative struggle which involved Elizabeth and her advisers, together with the bishops and the local populace. The bishops introduced the Settlement in their dioceses and began a process of change which involved the laity and the local clergy. Through the ensuing implementation process the ultimate form of religion in England was defined.
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Wrapson, Lucy Jane. "Patterns of production : a technical art historical study of East Anglia's late medieval screens." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695227.
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Silva, Maria do Carmo Couto da. "Rodolfo Bernardelli, escultor moderno = análise da produção artítica e de sua atuação entre a Monarquia e a República." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280542.
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Orientador: Luciano MigliaccioTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Nossa tese de doutorado tem por objetivo contribuir para 0 conhecimento acerca da historia da arte brasileira do final do século XIX e começo do XX, por meio da analise de obras e dos momentos que marcaram a trajetória do escultor Rodolfo Bernardelli (1852-1931). O jovem aluno da Academia Imperial de Belas Artes começa a ganhar destaque no cenário das artes nacionais a partir da sua participação nas Exposições Gerais de Belas Artes, na década de 1870. Apos um período de estudo na Europa, o artista retornou ao Brasil em 1885 e por seus trabalhos realizados no exterior, foi denominado pela critica como artista moderno, recebendo as principais encomendas monumentais da época. Bernardelli foi o principal escultor da primeira década republicana no Brasil e Primeira Republica e atuou como diretor da Escola Nacional de Belas Artes - ENBA, por cerca de 25 anos.
Abstract: Our aim in this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge of the history of Brazilian Art between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century through the study of the works and the life moments of the sculptor Rodolfo Bernardelli (1852-1931). The young pupil of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts begun to gain attention from the national art realm after his participations, along the 187 O's, at General Fine Arts Exhibitions. In 1885, after a period of studies in Europe, the artist returned to Brazil and was then acclaimed as a modern artist by the critics because of the pieces produced abroad. He then received the main monumental commissions of the period. Bernardelli was the main sculptor of Brazil during the first decade of the Republic and was the director of the National School of Fine Arts - ENBA, during almost 25 years.
Doutorado
Historia da Arte
Doutor em História
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Fry, Cynthia Ann. "Diplomacy & deception : King James VI of Scotland's foreign relations with Europe (c.1584-1603)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5902.
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This thesis is the first attempt to provide an assessment of Scottish-Jacobean foreign relations within a European context in the years before 1603. Moreover, it represents the only cohesive study of the events that formed the foundation of the diplomatic policies and practices of the first ruler of the Three Kingdoms. Whilst extensive research has been conducted on the British and English aspects of James VI & I's diplomatic activities, very little work has been done on James's foreign policies prior to his accession to the English throne. James VI ruled Scotland for almost twenty years before he took on the additional role of King of England and Ireland. It was in his homeland that James developed and refined his diplomatic skills, and built the relationships with foreign powers that would continue throughout his life. James's pre-1603 relationships with Denmark-Norway, France, Spain, the Papacy, the German and Italian states, the Spanish Netherlands and the United Provinces all influenced his later ‘British' policies, and it is only through a study such as this that their effects can be fully understood. Through its broad scope and unique perspective, this thesis not only contributes to Scottish historiography, but also strengthens and updates our understanding of Jacobean diplomacy. Furthermore, it adds to European perspectives of international politics by re-integrating Scotland into the narrative of late sixteenth century European diplomatic history.
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Kennedy, Shane Michael. "Expressionist Art and Drama Before, During, and After the Weimar Republic." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2508.
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Expressionism was the major literary and art form in Germany beginning in the early 20th century. It flourished before and during World War I and continued to be the dominant art for of the Early Weimar Republic. By 1924, Neue Sachlichkeit replaced Expressionism as the dominant art form in Germany. Many Expressionists claimed they were never truly apart of Expressionism. However, in the periodization and canonization many of these young artists are labeled as Expressionist.
This thesis examines the periodization and canonization of Expression in art, drama, and film and proves that Expressionism began much earlier than scholars believe and ended much later than 1924. This thesis examines the conflicts in Germany that led to Expressionism and which authors and artists influenced Expressionists. It will also show that after Expressionism ceased to be the dominant art form in Germany, many former Expressionists continued to use expressionistic form in their works but ceased to use expressionistic content. This thesis argues that both the periodization and canonization of Expressionism should be expanded to include all works that may be classified as having expressionistic form.
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Maxson, Brian. "Review of The Young Leonardo: Art and Life in Fifteenth-Century Florence by Larry J. Feinberg." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6208.
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Holford, Stephen Charles John. "Cocteau in London: the Lady Chapel, Notre-Dame de France." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12327.
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The murals created by Jean Cocteau, for the walls of the Lady Chapel in London’s Notre-Dame de France (1959-60), are the only works of their kind outside of France. The visual art of Cocteau – better known for his poetic and filmic achievements – has suffered long-standing scholarly neglect. This dissertation seeks to redress this gap and to further our understanding of this renowned twentieth-century French multi-media artist. This study of Cocteau’s London murals demonstrates that they are informed by earlier artistic tradition, with which he was deeply engaged, as well as his own poetic and filmic œuvre; crucially also, by his own experience as a gay male in the mid twentieth-century. Despite the original and idiosyncratic beauty of this cycle, the paintings are amongst Cocteau’s least known. It is distinguished from the artist’s other religious projects; not only the smallest, but the London commission was the only one undertaken in his lifetime overseen and controlled by ecclesiastical authorities. Cocteau depicts three significant moments from the life of the Virgin: the Annunciation, Crucifixion, and Assumption. Cocteau’s murals are dissimilar to any other sacred art of the period, notably that of post-war Art sacré. What is revealed is Cocteau’s innovative method of re-imagining these canonical subjects, which he does in a manner that is both surprising and yet highly respectful of the Marist Order. A detailed case study, this thesis traces the progress of the commission, reconstructs Cocteau’s creative process as revealed in extant sketches, journals and other archival materials, and analyses the artist’s distinctive renditions of canonical religious subjects. In chapter 1, the historical context, the church itself and the commissioning order is examined. Cocteau’s original envisaged scheme is reconstructed and analysed in chapter 2. Chapters 3 to 8 examine in detail each of the three murals as they appear today.
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Hagglund, Sarah. "The Myth of Bologna? Women's Cultural Production during the Seventeenth Century." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1620502410389001.
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Flynn, Jeremy Paul. "A consideration of the nature, methods and practices of fifteenth-century European warfare with particular reference to the Wars of the Roses." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683280.
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Tsoumis, Karine. "Giovanni Battista Cavalieri's Ecclesiae militantis triumphi : Jesuits, martyrs, print, and the counter-reformation." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83842.
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Five hundred years of Christian martyrdom are represented in the Ecclesiae militantis triumphi (1583). Engraved by Giovanni Battista Cavalieri, the series that was bound into a book reproduces a fresco cycle in the church of San Stefano Rotondo in Rome. While the church belonged to the Jesuit German-Hungarian College, the book accompanied priests in their proselytizing mission in Northern Europe. This thesis will look at the function of the book in relation to various audiences, in different viewing contexts. Analyzed primarily in relation to the intended Jesuit audience as an object of devotion, the book will also be inserted within the Early Christian revival promoted by Gregory XIII (1572-1585). Finally, it will be looked at in relation to an audience composed of individuals interested in factual knowledge about Early Christian history and in the martyr as a historical figure. A general endeavor of the thesis is to situate the Ecclesiae militantis triumphi in relation to late sixteen-century representations of martyrdom, both Catholic and Protestant, as well as in relation to other contemporary Roman printed works.
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Whitehead, Eileen. "A Leap In The Dark: Identity, Culture And The Trauma Of War Mediated Thorough The Visual Arts Of North-East European Migrants And Émigrés To Australia After 1945." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1438.
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This thesis explores the contribution to the cultural life of post-war Australia by migrant artists from north-eastern Europe. It researches the lives and work not only of displaced artists arriving in the mass exodus from Europe after the Second World War, but also second and third generation artists descended from original migrant families, and much later émigré artists.
Art histories written to date about the post-war period provide little coverage of the contributionto the art and culture of Australia by migrant artists from north-eastern Europe. The coverage in the literature written about the visual art produced by established Australian artists is far greater than that given to the migrant artists also exhibiting at the same time. Insofar as the ‘gap’ in the literature is concerned, this research reveals a number of factors which appear to have influenced the non-recognition of migrant art—such as, poor reception of abstract art in Australia post-war and the protection of established Australian artists. The impact of European abstract expressionism that migrants introduced in the 1950s had a lasting effect on Australian modern art, together with the innovation of their contemporary sculpture, which changed the urban landscape of Australian cities.
This research questions the possible long term repercussions emanating from colonial Anglocentric Australian government policies, which in turn leads to questions about the importance and location of cultural heritage, sense of identity, third space and cultural hybridity. With a focus on migrant artists from north-eastern Europe—the Baltic States and Poland—the research investigates how second and third generation artists locate their visual art in relation to their cultural environment and how they navigate between their cultural heritage and the cultural mosaic of an Australian context. The impact of war on artists from migrant families through the subjugated experience of those families is also addressed to ascertain any effect on the visual art currently being produced.
Interviews were conducted with ten artists of north-east European ancestry, using an ethnographic qualitative research methodology incorporating in-depth interviews together with close analysis of artwork during interview or subsequent contact in the artists’ studios and at exhibitions of their work.
Research revealed that, regarding a sense of belonging and identity, nine of the ten artists still retain a perception of living between cultures, which appears congruous with the importance of the retention of language and ‘home’ culture. Making art appears to strengthen their sense of living between cultures, and their creative praxis combines experiences passed down through the generations fused into their own Australian life-world, modified and shaped within a third space of meaning. The thesis argues that second and third generation Australian artists, whilst engaging with contemporary issues, make reference to cultural traditions interspersed with comment on contemporary conditions, resulting in a syncretic articulation which forms a third space of cultural transformation and unity.
The investigation into the impact of war, particularly World War II, revealed that only five participating artists directly manifest war themes in their visual art. However, the repercussions of that war and the Cold War, which lasted for many years after the Second World War, appear to have been subconsciously imprinted on the artwork of all three categories of artist, i.e. second and third generation and émigré artists.
The cultural aesthetics migrants introduced has had a long-lasting effect on Australian tastes generally and on art education in particular. This research underlines the particular contribution of migrant artists from north-east Europe, revealing the aesthetic value such cultural integration has produced. This research seeks to initiate dialogue and a growing understanding of the rich and complex history of art and culture which migration has stimulated in Australia since the 1950s.
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Silverman, Sarah Kelly. "The 1363 English Sumptuary Law: A comparison with Fabric Prices of the Late Fourteenth-Century." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322596483.
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Silva, Maria do Carmo Couto da. "A obra Cristo e a mulher adultera e a formação italiana do escultor Rodolfo Bernardelli." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281531.
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Orientador: Luciano MigliaccioDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa enfoca o grupo escultórico monumental Cristo e a mulher adúltera, de Rodolfo Bernardelli (Guadalajara, México, 1852 ¿ Rio de Janeiro RJ, 1931). Realizado em Roma entre 1881 e 1884, é considerado pela crítica como a sua obra-prima. Nosso projeto procurou estabelecer ligações entre essa escultura, outras obras do artista no mesmo período e a arte italiana e francesa contemporânea. Outro objetivo desse projeto foi a análise da importância do estágio italiano do escultor, enquanto pensionista da Academia Imperial de Belas Artes do Rio de Janeiro em Roma, entre 1877 e 1885, para melhor conhecimento acerca da vertente realista a qual o artista se filiou. Além de procurar inserir a produção de Rodolfo Bernardelli no contexto histórico e artístico em que foi realizada, nos últimos anos do Segundo Reinado, a pesquisa buscou a compreensão do papel desses trabalhos na constituição da cultura visual do Brasil daqueles anos
Abstract: This research deals with Rodolfo Bernardelli's (Guadalajara, Mexico, 1852 - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1931) monumental group of sculptures called "Christ and the adulteress". Sculpted in Roma between 1881 and 1884 it is considered by the critics as his master piece. Our project intends to stablish links among this sculpture, some other works of the artist made in the same period and the contemporary French and Italian arts. Another aim of this project was to analize Bernardelli's Italian apprenticeship, sponsored by the Academia Imperial de Belas Artes do Rio de Janeiro in Rome between 1877 and 1885, in order to grasp better understanding of the realistic school to which the artist connected himself. Besides aiming to insert Rodolfo Bernardelli's work on the historical context of its production, that is the last years of the Second Reign, this research tried to understand the role played by his sculptures on the formation of Brazilian's visual culture during those years
Mestrado
Historia da Arte
Mestre em História
41
Baydova, Anna. "Le rôle des peintres dans l'illustration des livres imprimés à Paris, 1530-1580." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP047.
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Principal centre d’imprimerie du XVIe siècle, rassemblant les auteurs et les forces artistiques du royaume, Paris offre un échantillon parfait pour l’étude de l’illustration à la Renaissance. De 1530 à 1580, la typographie parisienne intègre des influences issues des éditions humanistes italiennes et des particularités artistiques de l’école de Fontainebleau. La participation des peintres à la préparation des illustrations est un fait clairement établi : les noms des dessinateurs sont parfois cités sur les pages de titre et dans le texte des éditions. Cependant, les modalités de leur collaboration avec les différents métiers du livre restent à préciser. Soumis à la commande des éditeurs et au contrôle des auteurs, contraints par la technique de l’élaboration du livre imprimé, les illustrateurs étaient amenés à s’adaptent à ce nouveau médium. Par ailleurs, la diffusion massive des images imprimées a, elle-même, bouleversé les pratiques artistiques. Associant l’étude des œuvres et la recherche des témoignages d’archives, cette étude se retrouve à l’intersection de l’histoire de l’art et de l’histoire du livre. Cette approche croisée permet de déterminer plus précisément la place des peintres dans le monde du livre imprimé parisien et d’analyser en détail leurs réseaux professionnels. La reconstitution des corpus d’illustrations permet l’étude plus précise d’un certain nombre d’artistes particulièrement actifs dans ce domaine, tels que Jean Cousin père, Baptiste Pellerin, Geoffroy Ballain et Charles JourdainParis presents a prefect example for the study of the book illustration as the main center of printing in the 16th century and where the prolific authors and the artistic forces of the Kingdom concentrated. From 1530 to 1580, Parisian typography integrated the influence of Italian humanist editions and the artistic particularities of the Fontainebleau school. The participation of painters in the preparation of illustrations is a well-known fact: we can sometimes find their names on the title pages and in the texts of books. However, the terms of their collaboration with other book printing trades are still to be clarified. Dependent on book publishers’ command, subjected to the authors’ control and limited by the book printing techniques, the illustrators had to adjust to this new medium. Besides, the massive diffusion of printed images profoundly changed artistic practices. Combining the study of artworks and archives, this research is at the junction of art history and book history. This complex approach highlights the place of painters in the world of the Parisian book printing and allows an analysis of their professional networks. The reconstruction of illustrations corpuses enables the study of the career of some Parisian artists who were particularly active in this field, such as Jean Cousin the Elder, Baptiste Pellerin, Geoffroy Ballain and Charles Jourdain
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Watson, Róisín. "Lutheran piety and visual culture in the Duchy of Württemberg, 1534 – c. 1700." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7715.
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Early modern Lutherans, as is well known, worshipped in decorated churches. They adopted a path of reform that neither disposed of all ornament nor retained all the material trappings of the Catholic church. This thesis studies the fortunes of ecclesiastical art in the Duchy of Württemberg after its Reformation in 1534 and the place images found for themselves in the devotional lives of Lutherans up to c. 1700. The territory was shaped not just by Lutheranism, but initially by Zwinglianism too. The early years of reform thus saw moments of iconoclasm. The Zwinglian influence was responsible for a simple liturgy that distinguished Württemberg Lutheranism from its confessional allies in the north. This study considers the variety of uses to which Lutheran art was put in this context. It addresses the different ways in which Lutherans used the visual setting of the church to define their relationships with their God, their church, and each other. The Dukes of Württemberg used their stance on images to communicate their political and confessional allegiances; pastors used images to define the parameters of worship and of the church space itself; parishioners used images, funerary monuments, and church adornment to express their Lutheran identity and establish their position within social hierarchies. As Lutheranism developed in the seventeenth century, so too did Lutheran art, becoming more suited to fostering contemplative devotion. While diverse in their aims, many Lutherans appreciated the importance of regular investment in the visual. Ducal pronouncements, archives held centrally and locally, surviving artefacts and decoration in churches, and printed sources enable the distinctive visual character of Lutheranism in Württemberg to be identified here.
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Dewaël, Stéphanie. "Splendeur, décadence et rémission : la représentation du Fils Prodigue dans la peinture et les arts graphiques à Anvers (1520-1650)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040109.
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Alors que la parabole du Fils Prodigue fut un support aux vives controverses religieuses du XVIe siècle qui touchèrent Anvers, les productions artistiques (peintures, gravures, dessins) restituèrent une image plus consensuelle de cette histoire. Au lieu de matérialiser les nombreuses exégèses théologiques (contradictoires) sur le message du Christ, les artistes préférèrent puiser dans la culture profane (comme les pièces de théâtre) et mettre l’accent sur la scène de la dissipation avec les courtisanes ou insister sur des détails triviaux.Cette thèse étudie les nombreuses raisons qui les ont conduits à de tels choix (poids de la censure, recherche d’une vaste clientèle, flatterie du spectateur…) et analyse les choix de mise en scène, épisode par épisode. Elle démontre comment les ateliers d’artistes ont reproduit des formules répétitives ; comment les choix iconographiques favorisèrent tour à tour la méditation spirituelle, la délectation visuelle ou les pensées condescendantes envers autruiWhile the parable of the Prodigal Son was a support in the deep religious controversies which affected Antwerp during the 16th century, the artistic productions (paintings, prints and drawings) gave back a more consensual image of this history. Instead of representing the numerous contradictory theological exegeses about the message of Christ, the artists preferred to drawn their inspiration from profane culture (as plays) and to emphasize the scene of the waste with the courtesans or to insist on everyday and coarse details.This thesis studies the numerous reasons which led them to such choices (weight of censorship, search for a vast clientele, flattery of the spectator…) and analyses the choices of setting, episode by episode. It demonstrates how artist studios reproduced repetitive formulae and how the iconographic choices facilitated alternately the spiritual meditation, the visual enjoyment or the condescending thoughts to others
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Doyle, Alice. ""The Essence of Greekness": The Parthenon Marbles and the Construction of Cultural Identity." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1209.
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This thesis explores the relationship between the Classical Greek legacy and today’s world by examining the past two hundred years of controversy surrounding Lord Elgin’s removal of the Parthenon Marbles from Athens. Since the Marbles were purchased by the British Museum in 1816, they have become symbols of democratic values and Greek cultural identity. By considering how the Parthenon Marbles are talked about by different people over the years, from art connoisseurs and Romantic poets of the early 19th century to nationalist political activists of the late 20th century, this thesis demonstrates that the fight for the Marbles’ return to Greece is about more than just the sculptures themselves. It is about national heritage and cultural identity.
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Bowles, Carol De Witte. "Women of the Tudor court, 1501-1568." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3874.
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Writing the history of Tudor women is a difficult task. "Women's lives from the 16th century can rarely be constructed except when these women have had influential connections with notable men.This is no less true for the court women of Tudor England than for other women of the time.
The purpose of this thesis is to discuss some of the more memorable court women of Tudor England who served the queens of Henry VIII, Mary I, and Elizabeth I, 2 and to determine what impact, if any, they had on their contemporary times and to evaluate their roles in Tudor history.
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Cucuzzella, Jean Moore. "The Destruction of the Imagery of Saint Thomas Becket." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278647/.
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This thesis analyzes the destruction of imagery dedicated to Saint Thomas Becket in order to investigate the nature of sixteenth-century iconoclasm in Reformation England. In doing so, it also considers the veneration of images during the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Research involved examining medieval and sixteenth-century historical studies concerning Becket's life and cult, anti-Becket sentiment prior to the sixteenth century, and the political circumstances in England that led to the destruction of shrines and imagery. This study provides insight into the ways in which religious images could carry multifaceted, ideological significance that represented diversified ideas for varying social strata--royal, ecclesiastical and lay.
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Gallian, Nastasia. "Les collections d’estampes en Europe (v. 1450-v. 1610)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL144.
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La naissance des collections de gravures constitue un phénomène mystérieux, qui ne peut être ni daté, ni localisé avec une précision absolue. Les premières manifestations remontent au milieu du XVe siècle, à une époque où les estampes sont collectées dans le but d’être collées dans des textes manuscrits ou imprimés. À partir des années 1470-1480, ces pratiques archaïques sont relayées progressivement par une approche proprement moderne des collections de gravures, qui se diffusent alors dans toute l’Europe, jusqu’à être largement répandues dans certaines couches de la société au moment où l’on bascule dans l’âge baroque. Plusieurs types d’ensembles coexistent à cette époque. Les collections d’amateurs tels que Fernand Colomb, Willibald Imhoff ou Abraham Ortelius témoignent d’une affinité particulière pour l’art de l’estampe et mettent en place les premiers outils pour sélectionner, conserver et classer les gravures. De nombreux princes, tels que Ferdinand de Tyrol et Philippe II d’Espagne, s’intéressent également à ces œuvres, auxquelles ils consacrent une section dans leurs collections encyclopédiques ou leurs bibliothèques. D’autres collections, à but utilitaire, émergent également à cette période. On trouve ainsi des fonds d’estampes dans de nombreux ateliers d’artistes et d’artisans, où elles sont employées pour former les apprentis et servir de modèles ou de supports à la création. Les érudits s’emparent également des gravures et constituent des fonds documentaires spécialisés en histoire, géographie et sciences naturelles. Cette grande diversité dans les pratiques est une des caractéristiques essentielles des premières collections d’estampesThe origins of print collecting are ill documented and cannot be dated nor located with certainty. The early signs can be traced back to ca. 1450, when prints were collected to be pasted in manuscripts and printed books. From the 1470s-1480s onwards, these archaic practices tended to be replaced by modern collecting. It then spread throughout Europe and became a common practice at the dawn of the Baroque era. There are several types of print collectors at that time. Enthusiasts and connoisseurs such as Ferdinand Columbus, Willibald Imhoff and Abraham Ortelius created special methods for selecting, storing and classifying high quality engravings and woodcuts. Ferdinand of Tyrol, Philip II of Spain and others princes gathered prints in their encyclopedic collections and libraries. Other collectors were interested in using them as sources. Artists and craftsmen kept prints to train apprentices and use them as models and tools in the creative process. Scholars purchased them for their subject-matter and used them as historical, geographical, and scientific documents. This wide range of practices is maybe what define the most early print collecting
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Fonseca, Raphael do Sacramento. "Francisco de Holanda = "Do tirar pelo natural" e a retratística." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278817.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Luciano MigliaccioDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Cências Humanas
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como ponto de partida o texto "Do tirar pelo natural", concluído em 1549 pelo artista e humanista português Francisco de Holanda (1517-1584). Tal texto é considerado o primeiro da história da arte dedicado integralmente ao retrato enquanto objeto artístico. Uma noiva edição deste texto, além de uma revisão historiográfica sobre a figura de Francisco de Holanda foram realizadas dentro desta dissertação. Além disso, dois ensaios sobre a retratística em Portugal durante o século XVI foram escritos levando em consideração não apenas "Do tirar pelo natural", mas também suas outras produções textuais e imagéticas
Abstract: This research has as first step the text "Do tirar pelo natural" ("To make from the natural"), concluded in 1549 by the Portuguese artist and humanist Francisco de Holanda (1517-1584). This text is considered the first in art history dedicated fully to the portrait while artistic object. A new edition of the text, besides a historiographic revision of Francisco de Holanda, was realized in this dissertation. Moreover, two essays about portraiture in Portugal during the XVIth century were written keeping in mind not only "Do tirar pelo natural" ("To make from natural"), but also Holanda's other texts and images
Mestrado
Historia da Arte
Mestre em História
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Thomas, Leah. "Literary Landscapes: Mapping Emergent American Identity in Transatlantic Narratives of Women's Travel of the Long Eighteenth Century." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/589.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines intersections of the development of maps from the Native American-European encounter to the establishment of the New Republic and transatlantic British and American narratives of women’s travel of the long eighteenth century. Early European and American maps that depict the Americas analyzed as parallel “texts” to canonical and lesser-known women’s narratives ranging from 1688 to 1801 reveal further insights into both maps and these narratives otherwise not apparent. I argue that as mapping of the New World developed, this mapping influenced representations of women’s geographic and social mobility and emergent “American” identity in transatlantic narratives. These narratives, like maps of the New World, reveal disjunctures in representation that disseminate deceptive portrayals of the New World. Such discrepancies open a rhetorical gap, or a thirdspace, of inquiry to analyze the gaze at work within these cartographic and women’s narratives. The representations of women’s geographic and social mobility remain constricted within the selected narratives of women’s travel. While the heroines do travel, in most cases they travel as captives or in some form of escape. These narratives include Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko (1688), Unca Eliza Winkfield’s The Female American (1767), Susanna Rowson’s Charlotte Temple (1794), and Tabitha Tenney’s Female Quixotism (1801), among others. However, these narratives do highlight similarities of an emergent “American” identity as Native American, hybrid, and fluid as represented in contemporaneous maps. Literary Landscapes also addresses the narrativity of maps as auto/biographical and even satirical expressions as related to the women’s narratives analyzed in this study. For, J. B. Harley discusses how a map conveys his own life and contains his memories in his essay “The Map as Biography,” while Roland Barthes argues that mapping is a sensorial experience in his brief essay “No Address.” Furthermore, allegorical maps like Jean de Gourmont’s The Fool’s Cap Map of the World (ca. 1590) and Madeleine de Scudéry’s Carte de tendre (1678) reflect aspects of the human condition such as folly and friendship.
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Abel, Jonathan 1985. "Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, Comte De Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700071/.
Full textAbstract:
Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, comte de Guibert (1743-1790) dedicated his life and career to creating a new doctrine for the French army. Little about this doctrine was revolutionary. Indeed, Guibert openly decried the anarchy of popular participation in government and looked askance at the early days of the Revolution. Rather, Guibert’s doctrine marked the culmination of an evolutionary process that commenced decades before his time and reached fruition in the Réglement of 1791, which remained in force until the 1830s. Not content with military reform, Guibert demanded a political and social constitution to match. His reforms required these changes, demanding a disciplined, service-oriented society and a functional, rational government to assist his reformed military. He delved deeply, like no other contemporary writer, into the linkages between society, politics, and the military throughout his career and his writings. Guibert exerted an overwhelming influence on military thought across Europe for the next fifty years. His military theories provided the foundation for military reform during the twilight of the Old Regime. The Revolution, which adopted most of Guibert’s doctrine in 1791, continued his work. A new army and way of war based on Guibert’s reforms emerged to defeat France’s major enemies. In Napoleon’s hands, Guibert’s army all but conquered Europe by 1807. As other nations adopted French methods, Guibert’s influence spread across the Continent, reigning supreme until the 1830s. This dissertation adopts a biographical approach to examine Guibert’s life and influence on the creation of the French military system that led to Napoleon’s conquest of Europe. As no such biography exists in Anglophone literature, such a work will fill a crucial gap in understanding French military success to 1807. It examines the period of French military reform from 1760 to the creation and use of Napoleon’s Grande Armée from 1803 to 1807, illustrating the importance of Guibert’s systemic doctrine in the period. Moreover, the work argues that Guibert belongs in the ranks of authors whose works exerted a primary influence on the French Enlightenment and Revolution by establishing Guibert as a “Great Man” of the Republic of Letters between 1770 and his death in 1790.