Relevant bibliographies by topics / Art et société

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Art et société'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Art et société"

1

Bouchard, Jacqueline. "Art et pouvoir. Redessine-moi mon histoire et je te dirai qui je suis." Anthropologie et Sociétés 16, no. 3 (1992): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/015247ar.

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Bario, F., L. Barral, and G. Bois. "Air Test Flow Analysis of the Hydrogen Pump of Vulcain Rocket Engine." Journal of Fluids Engineering 113, no. 4 (December 1, 1991): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2926530.

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Within the framework of the technological development of the VULCAIN rocket engine (Ariane V European project), initiated by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) for the Agence Spatiale Europe´enne (ESA), the Socie´te´ Europe´enne de Propulsion (SEP) is in charge of the design and building of the liquid hydrogen turbopump. In order to characterize the hydraulic performance of the pump, an air test facility reproducing the pump geometry was built by SEP and fitted in the Laboratoire de Me´canique des Fluides et d’Acoustique of the Ecole Centrale de Lyon. Benefits and disadvantages of air tests of hydraulic pumps are discussed. The pump is composed of three stages. The first one is an axial inducer stage. The second and third ones are centrifugal stages with vaned diffusers and are separated by a U bend and a vaned return channel. Results of the first measurement campaign are presented. They consist of overall pressure, wall static pressure and velocity measurements. Local quantities (velocity triangle, pressure) and mean quantities (pressure rise, losses, efficiency) are given. Recirculating and wake flow analysis are included. The goals of the study are the understanding of the flow behavior and the improvement of the prediction methods. Predicted and measured quantities (losses, efficiency, kinetic momentum) are compared. The hydrogen performances are deduced, they agree with the specified performances of the pump. This validation is one of the main results achieved.
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Roux-Dufort, Christophe. "La main, l’organe du leadership." Gestion Vol. 48, no. 3 (August 31, 2023): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/riges.483.0096.

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Le leadership entretient un rapport au corps souvent métaphorique. Certains organes, comme la tête ou le cœur, sont régulièrement évoqués pour suggérer les diverses facettes de l’art de diriger et mettre de l’avant ce que le leader doit faire ou être. Comment les mains s’inscrivent-elles alors dans cette rhétorique ?
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4

Veríssimo Serrão, Adriana. "Da Essência do Jardim. Aproximações a Uma Categoria Filosófica." Philosophica: International Journal for the History of Philosophy 16, no. 32 (2008): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philosophica2008163222.

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Avant toute description des jardins singuliers, ou même d’une approche historique ou typologique, le Jardin, en tant qu’espace mix te dû à l’action humaine sur une base naturelle qui per siste au-delà de l’action même devient un défi à la philosophie. Partant de la vision du Jardin en tant que catégorie synthétique où se croisent plusieurs axes conceptuels: transcendance/imanence, nature/art, nature/culture, l’article analyse quelques figures de la modernité et sa correspondance avec des principes esthétiques (Renaissance, Barroque, Lumières). Par contre, le doute sur la capacité autofondatrice de l’oeuvre humaine et la reconnaissance de l’origine naturelle de l’existence, demandent aujour-d’hui à la vision du Jardin d’autre cadres de référence, soit l’ontologie, soit l’étique du souci.
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Isom, S. C., J. R. Stevens, R. Li, L. D. Spate, W. G. Spollen, and R. S. Prather. "143 TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING BY HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING OF PORCINE PRE- AND PERI-IMPLANTATION EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 1 (2012): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv24n1ab143.

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Significant embryo mortality occurs at or around the time of implantation or attachment in virtually all mammalian species studied to date, even in naturally conceived embryos. Embryos resulting from assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are even more susceptible to peri-implantation failure. Herein we describe our effort to characterise the transcriptomes of embryonic disc (ED) and trophoblast (TE) cells from porcine embryos derived from AI, IVF, parthenogenetic oocyte activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) on Days 10, 12 and 14 of gestation. The IVF, PA and somatic cell NT embryos were generated using in vitro–matured oocytes, cultured overnight in vitro and then transferred at the 1- to 2-cell stage into appropriately synchronized recipient gilts. On the appropriate collection day, embryos were flushed from the uterus and ED was separated from TE by mechanical dissection. Double-stranded cDNA from the collected samples was sequenced using the GAII platform from Illumina (San Diego, CA, USA). The resulting sequencing reads were aligned to a custom swine transcriptome database (see Isom et al. 2010). A generalized linear model was fit for each of 41 693 genomic regions, for ED and TE samples separately, accounting for embryo type, gestation day and their interaction and using total lane read count as a normalizing offset. Genes with significant embryo type differences (controlling the false discovery rate at 0.10) were subsequently tested for differences between IVF and each of AI, PA and NT. Those genes with significant post hoc differences (either up- or down-regulated compared with IVF) were characterised in terms of gene ontologies and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways using a gene set enrichment test. Bone morphogenetic protein signalling was down-regulated (KEGG; P = 0.0099; adjusted to control for FDR at 0.05) in the ED of IVF embryos when compared with AI embryos. In TE cells from IVF embryos, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and ErbB signalling (adj P = 0.031 for both pathways) were aberrantly regulated when compared with AI embryos. Of particular interest is the observation that expression of genes involved in chromatin modification (GO:BiologicalProcess; q-value = 0.00005) and epigenetic regulation of transcription (q = 0.00007) was very significantly disrupted in inner cell mass cells from NT embryos compared with IVF embryos. Surprisingly, no such disruption of the epigenetic machinery was observed in the TE cells from NT embryos. In summary, we have used high-throughput sequencing technologies to compare gene expression profiles of various ART embryo types during peri-implantation development. We expect that these data will provide important insight into the root causes of (and possible opportunities for mitigation of) suboptimal development of embryos derived from ART. Funding was received from NIH R01 RR013438 and Food for the 21st Century (RSP) and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station (UTA00151 and UTA00560 for S. C. Isom and J. R. Stevens, respectively).
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Melay, Alexandre. "[TIMESCAPES]." HYBRIDA, no. 5(12/2022) (December 27, 2022): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/hybrida.5(12/2022).25383.

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Les photographies de la série [TIMESCAPES] portent un regard engagé vers la soif de domination que l’être humain produit sur son environnement, et qui ne cesse de définir ce début de XXIe siècle. Ces questionnements demeurent propres à l’extrême contemporain, avec l’impossibilité du paysage et la crise de l’urbanité, l’émergence de non-lieux et la tentative pour inventer des lieux où vivre, face à l’implacable déconstruction structuraliste du sujet. Le capitalisme, né de l’ère Anthropocène, ce « Siècle de l’Homme » initié avec la Révolution industrielle, a investi notre langage visuel dans lequel tout un imaginaire urbain s’est structuré, construit, architecturé, et où s’institue un système ayant recours à la réalité et à la fiction, entre réalité sociale et imaginaire poétique, entre documentaire et fiction. Un système dont les espaces-mondes créent des formes particulières, des formes esthétiques qui deviennent les cadres privilégiés de fictions représentatives de l’espace contemporain. En d’autres termes, cet extrême urbain contemporain né du Capitalocène se traduit par une urbanisation galopante de la planète, où les villes-mondes finissent par définir à elles seules de nouvelles formes de l’urbain. Tous ces non-lieux photographiques désignent des espaces-mondes, ce sont des images de territoires qualifiés d’intermédiaires ou d’intercalaires. À la fois constructions ou déstructurations démultipliées de l’environnement urbain, ces images donnent à voir un système particulier, celui d’un appareil de capture et de distribution des flux. Il s’agit de l’illustration de la technosphère qui désigne la partie physique de l’environnement affecté par les modifications d’origine anthropique, c’est-à-dire la totalité des constructions d’origine humaine, des premiers outils jusqu’aux dernières avancées technologiques, en passant par les infrastructures, les marchés industriels, les différents moyens de transport et l’ensemble des produits transformés. C’est ainsi que les changements de la Terre deviennent le reflet des changements de nos socie?te?s humaines. Ces espaces en mouvement perpétuel illustrent aussi le phénomène de l’accélération du temps et de ces dérives, sur des territoires en transformation constante, où l’éternité se manifeste uniquement à travers le changement ; puisque sans mouvement, il semble qu’à l’ère du Capitalocène, il n’y a point de devenir. Les effets extrêmes de la mondialisation redessinent ainsi aujourd’hui des centaines de villes ; vitrine du capitalisme débridé, ce qui surprend, c’est ce chaos constant dans chaque ville ; une révolution urbaine faite de constructions qui imposent une ségrégation socio-spatiale, entre densité et verticalité de l’urbanisme. Vision d’une croissance urbaine incontrôlée et abstraite, où chaque ville devient globale, mouvante et en perpétuel changement, prit dans le rythme effréné incontrôlable de l’urbanisation imposée par la globalisation du capitalisme. Les photographies aux compositions à la domination géométrique tendent vers l’abstraction, où les conditions de définition de l’abstrait sont la caractéristique même de l’accélération du monde ; car l’abstraction de la mondialisation et la rationalité du capitalisme représentent l’abstraction de la réalité matérielle associée aux échanges mondiaux dans laquelle le capital a atteint sa dématérialisation ultime. Une abstraction et une géométrisation de l’espace qui révèlent la prédominance de la pensée rationalisée, la grille étant un point d’appui dans une économie axée sur des procédures standards optimisées ; un dispositif formel qui devient l’un des symboles des principes de la raison instrumentale et de l’efficacité économique. En effet, la grille structure et (ré)actualise les relations avec les environnements, et ce faisant les rapports au monde. En installant un espace plat, lisse et infini, et alors même que l’e?tre humain ne semble toujours pas s’inquie?ter de son destin catastrophique dont il est l’obstine? ba?tisseur, les distances disparaissent, chaque position en vaut une autre, les différences culturelles s’estompent, l’individu finit par être aliéné et sa sociabilité appauvrie. Face à cela, l’urgence est de stopper les logiques de destruction qui sont à l’œuvre sur la planète, afin de réinventer la cohabitation du vivant à travers des mondes multiples et enchevêtrés, pour ainsi dépasser la tension entre l’environnement et l’être humain.
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Schwarzer, C., T. C. Esteves, S. Le Gac, V. Nordhoff, S. Schlatt, and M. Boiani. "125 INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION (ICSI)-BASED MOUSE EMBRYO ASSAY: CHOICE OF EMBRYO CULTURE SYSTEM OUTWEIGHS THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION PROCEDURE ON EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, no. 1 (2013): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv25n1ab125.

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Human embryo culture media, intended for assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), are released for clinical use if they pass the mouse embryo assay (MEA). This assay prescribes that at least 70% of in vivo fertilized mouse 1-cell embryos form blastocysts, in order to grant the culture medium approval. In the fertility clinic, however, human embryos undergo more manipulation than their MEA counterparts through, for example, fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI); further, only a minority of the embryos transferred to the uterus goes on to establish gestations. In this context, we asked if the results of the MEA only depend on the type of in vitro culture, or are also affected by the method of fertilization. Superovulated B6C3F1 mouse oocytes were fertilized by ICSI using C57Bl/6 sperm. Pronuclear-stage eggs were allocated to four developmental environments: two ART culture protocols (HTF/MultiBlast, Irvine Scientific; ISM1/ISM2, Origio), standard mouse culture medium (KSOM(aa), made in-house) and the oviduct of pseudopregnant CD1 mice. As control for the invasive manipulation, pronuclear-stage eggs were generated by mating (B6C3F1 × C57Bl/6) and cultured in KSOM(aa) medium. Embryos were recovered from culture or from the CD1 uterus and scored for blastocyst formation at 96 h of development (Table 1). For these blastocysts, we determined the number of total, inner cell mass (ICM), and trophectoderm (TE) cells (Table 1) by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy (Schwarzer et al. 2012 doi:10.1093/humrep/des223). Our results show that ART culture protocols applied to mouse ICSI embryos are not equivalent in supporting blastocyst formation. Based on blastocyst rates, the ranking observed here after ICSI, reflects the ranking reported by us for IVF embryos (Schwarzer et al. 2012); that is, KSOM(aa) > HTF/MultiBlast > oviduct > ISM1/2. This similarity suggests that the effect of in vitro culture on mouse development exceeds the effect of ICSI, provided gametes are of good quality. From the analysis of cell numbers, we note that while the ICM/TE ratios are not of easy interpretation, the absolute numbers of cells in the ICM draw a clear line between the environment of the oviduct and those of culture media. Irrespective of the ICM/TE ratio, only the oviduct environment secures 8 cells in the ICM (Table 1). Soriano and Jaenisch (1986 Cell 46, 19–29) reported that 8 cells of the ICM are set aside to give rise to the body of a mouse. In summary, the current MEA is a valuable assay to assess the quality of culture medium, however, its refinement is necessary to better model the adaptive properties of embryo culture when different methods of fertilization are applied. Until the MEA is extended into postimplantation development, as we advocate (Schwarzer et al. 2012), the absolute numbers of cells in the ICM may be a better gauge of embryo quality than the blastocyst rates. Table 1.Mouse embryo assay outcomes after ICSI
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McCombie, Duncan. "Philostratus, Histoi, Imagines 2.28: Ekphrasis and the Web of Illusion." Ramus 31, no. 1-2 (2002): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00001429.

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J'ai voulu te dire simplement que je venais de jeter le plan de mon œuvre entier, après avoir trouvé la clef de moi-même, clef de voûte, ou centre de moi-même, où je me tiens comme une araignée sacrée, sur les principaux fils déjà sortis de mon esprit, et à l'aide desquels je tisserai aux points de rencontre de merveilleuses dentelles, que je devine, et qui existent déjà dans le sein de la Beauté.This paper will examine the central image of Ἱστοί (‘Looms’ or ‘Webs’), that of the web woven by the spider, as a Callimachean expression, or objectification, of the highly self-conscious treatment of art and play with illusion in the Imagines, that is, its play with the interaction of vision and text. In so doing, it will attempt to show in what ways Ἱστοί might be said to describe the artistic process of the work of which it forms a part, and to illuminate, from its context of painting and its ekphrastic oratory, something of the function and structure of ekphrasis itself. It will not be long enough to deal with the wider questions, about mimesis and the definition of ekphrasis, that it will perhaps have invited.
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Kotowicz-Jawor, Joanna, and Halyna Matviienko. "DigitalIntegrationand Green Economy for the Transition to Industry 5.0." Revista de la Universidad del Zulia 14, no. 40 (May 4, 2023): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.40.13.

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The p urp ose of t he art icle is t o st ud y the inte grat ion of d igit ali zat ion and the Gre e n Econom y, ide nt ifying t he charact e rist ics of t he ir com b inat ion and de ve lopm e nt , and ge ne rat ing re com m end at ions t o achie ve a posit ive syne rg ist ic e ffe ct and t o acce le rate t he t ransit ion t o Ind ust ry 5.0 . The art icle is ded icat ed t o t he com b inat ion of Gre e n Econom y and d igit alizat ion, which le ad s t o t he em e rge nce of com p le te ly ne w fe at ure s in t he Econom y. The re le vance of t he top ic is d ete rm ine d b y the fact t hat t he use and deve lopm ent of hum an cap ital, the Gre e n Econom y and d igit alizat ion can have an im p ort ant syne rgist ic e ffe ct wit h t he em e rge nce of ne w charact e rist ic s, wit h b ot h p osit ive and negat ive conseq ue nce s, and affe ct t he achie vem ent of t he goal. sust a inab le d e ve lopment . Re se arch m et hod s: analys is and synt he sis, ab st ract ion and ge ne ralizat ion, a sy st em at ic app roach to the analysis of t he Gre e n and Digit al Econom y, e conom ic-st at ist ical and m at hem at ical analys is. Th e art icle ide nt ifie s t hefund am ent al ris ks of t he d igitalizat ion of t he Econom y, be ing t he m ain one s: t he de p let ion of lim ited re source s, e le ct ronic wa st e , t he de epe ning of asym m et ric de ve lopm e nt .
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Kardas, Krystian. "Kara śmierci w I Rzeczypospolitej w czasach stanisławowskich (1764–1795)." Biuletyn Stowarzyszenia Absolwentów i Przyjaciół Wydziału Prawa Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego 14, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32084/sawp.2019.14.1-6.

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Niniejszy tekst przybliża problematykę reform prawa karnego w Rzeczypospolitej przedrozbiorowej, jakie podjęto za panowania ostatniego Jej króla – Stanisława Augusta Poniatowskiego. Autor spośród różnych instytucji prawnokarnych omawia tylko zmiany dotyczące kary śmierci. W większości reformy te pozostały jedynie w sferze projektów, a więc artykuł dotyczy w większym stopniu postulatów de lege ferenda, aniżeli regulacji faktycznie wprowadzonych w życie. W tym zakresie prawem obowiązującym stały się Prawa Kardynalne z 1768 r. (załącznik do traktatu wieczystego pomiędzy Rzecząpospolitą a Imperium Rosyjskim), które w obiegowej opinii kojarzą się bardziej z materią konstytucyjną, szczególnie z narzuceniem jej niezmienności w interesie Katarzyny II, poruszają jednak również zagadnienia związane z innymi dziedzinami prawa, w tym kary śmierci. Następnie drogą ustawową zniesiono karę śmierci za czary (1776). Kolejną reformę, którą udało się przeprowadzić zawarto w ustawie o sądach sejmowych (1791). Na jej mocy określono nowy katalog karanych śmiercią przestępstw politycznych. Cała reszta omawianych zagadnień pozostała w sferze koncepcji i planów. Największe zmiany postulowali projektodawcy kodeksów: (1) Andrzej Zamoyski w swoim Zbiorze praw sądowych wiele miejsca poświęcił przestępstwom i przysługującym za nie karom, wśród których często szafował śmiercią oraz (2) Józef Szymanowski i Józef Weyssenhoff – przewodniczący komisji powołanych do spisania codicis civili et criminali zapowiedzianych w art. VIII Konstytucji 3 Maja, których projekty składały się na dzieło zwane Kodeksem Stanisława Augusta.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Art et société"

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Cariou, Gérald. "La naumachie : morituri te salutant /." Paris : PUPS, 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb420027125.

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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Langues et littératures anciennes--Caen, 2005. Titre de soutenance : Morituri te salutant : la naumachie à Rome et dans l'Empire romain du Ier av. J.-C. au Ve siècle ap. J.-C.
Bibliogr. p. 519-537. Notes bibliogr. Index. PUPS = Presses de l'Université Paris-Sorbonne.
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Joubert, Anghel Valérie. ""Je te nomme liberté" : fresques populaires à Santiago du Chili." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30005.

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Les fresques populaires de santiago du chili assument un acte de discours qui relie l'action militante a la manifestation artistique. Melant la revolte et l'espoir sur les murs de la ville, elles sont un lieu privilegie d'affirmation de l'identite collective. Sous l'initiative de brigades muralistes, cette activite anonyme est le terrain de l'union et de l'integration, de la rehabilitation d'une parole effacee par le coup d'etat militaire du 11 septembre 1973. Apres leur essor sous l'unite populaire, puis leur disparition sous la dictature, les fresques ont resurgi clandestinement comme instrument de defense des droits de l'homme. Depuis le retour a la democratie, l'image porte-parole poursuit son evolution en etalant la chronique des revendications diverses. Cet outil de propagande est devenu avec le temps une tradition picturale authentique, liee a la lutte populaire, appelant a la prise de conscience et a l'insurrection. La peinture s'instaure comme un langage naturel : espace ouvert et fondateur qui reconduit l'engagement des hommes et oeuvre a la dynamique de la liberation. Avec force et passion, la parole s'y inscrit en instance continue d'expansion. Plus qu'un moyen de conviction ou de protestation, la peinture murale est une arme de resistance. Sous le pinceau des rebelles, elle signe la reconnaissance de la dimension historique de l'expression populaire et du processus revolutionnaire. Forte de l'emotion qu'elle fait naitre, elle devient l'ecriture d'un discours eternellement porte a renouveler ses formes ephemeres, et constitue,telle une memoire en devenir, un processus pour exister. Trace d'une parole toujours portee a renaitre de ses cendres, chaque fresque concentre l'energie d'un geste universel et d'un regard qui ensemence l'avenir. En liberant l'expression dont il fixe l'elan, cet art de la rue est alors le theatre d'une liberte sous parole.
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Books on the topic "Art et société"

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Zuffi, Nerema. Le Globe saint-simonien (1831-1832): Art et socie te. [Verona]: Universita degli studi di Verona, 1989.

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ʹaise, Documentation Franc, ed. Publicite et socie te . Paris: Documentation Franc ʹaise, 1987.

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Sandoval, Gabriel. Flamenco et socie te andalouse. Toulouse: Universite de Toulouse-La Mirail, 1986.

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Goubet, Michel. Population et socie te franc ʹaises 1945-1988. 3rd ed. Paris: Sirey, 1988.

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Engineering and society:Canadian conference on engineering education (Huite me congre s canadien de l'e ducation en inge nierie) (eighth 24-26 May 1992 Quebec, Canada). Inge nierie et socie te =: Engineering and society. Que bec, Canada: Universite Laval, 1992.

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Legrand, Robert. Vie et socie te en Picardie maritime 1780-1820. Paris: Guenegaud, 1986.

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Bosc, Serge. Stratification et transformations sociales: La socie te franc ʹaise en mutation. Paris: Nathan, 1993.

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Jean, Chennebenoist, and Universite de Caen. Centre de Recherches d'Histoire Quantitative., eds. Villes et socie te s urbaines: Basse-Normandie, XVIe-XXe sie cles. Caen: Annales de Normandie, 1985.

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Faure, Christian. Litte rature et socie te: La mystique vichyssoise "Du retour a la Terre" selon l'oeuvre d'Henri Pourrat. Ambert: E ditions re gionales des sites, 1988.

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Bernard, M. Cl. Viticulture et socie te rurale en Languedoc-Roussillon: Aude, Garde, He rault, Pyre ne es-Orientales : atlas. Montpellier: Universite Paul Vale ry, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Art et société"

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Kouamé, Atchêlô Christelle. "Poésie orale et urbanité : essai d’analyses poétique et stylistique d’un slam empreint de nouchi." In Les parlers urbains africains au prisme du plurilinguisme : description sociolinguistique, 147–60. Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oep.kosso.2020.01.0147.

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Parmi les différents genres littéraires, la poésie bénéficie d’une certaine sacralisation. Elle semble complexe et moins accessible. Elle est abordée avec tant de gravité que, très souvent, le public semble s’en détourner à l’avantage des autres genres. Aujourd’hui, les nouvelles formes de poésie orale, à l’instar du slam, contribuent à populariser cet art verbal longtemps confiné dans les carcans intellectuels. Né aux États-Unis d’Amérique, le slam, très vite, se libère des frontières américaines et se vulgarise sur les autres continents. Dans la plupart des pays où la pratique s’est implantée, les slameurs l’adaptent à leurs contextes socio-culturels, voire linguistique. Au sein du collectif ivoirien Au Nom Du Slam (ANDS), les textes sont produits à partir des variétés de français propres à la Côte d’Ivoire. Parmi celles-ci, le nouchi, parler urbain de nature argotique, figure en bonne place. L’idée d’une poésie marquée d’un argot à l’origine associé aux jeunes délinquants et/ou déscolarisés peut être déconcertante. Cet article, par le biais d’une investigation stylistique et poétique, a donc pour but d’examiner les éléments qui fondent la littérarité de ce type de texte.
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Macaulay, Ronald. "The Evolution of Language." In The Social Art, 124–27. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195187960.003.0024.

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Abstract The discussion of the origin of language has come a long way since 1866 when the Socie´te´ de Linguistique in Paris banned the publication of any more articles on the topic on the grounds that there was insufficient evidence to support any theory. The topic more or less languished for the next century until it was paradoxically reinvigorated by Noam Chomsky’s famous rejection of the notion that language could have developed through the processes of natural selection. This stimulated scholars in a number of fields to search for evidence that would contradict Chomsky’s view. These efforts, in turn, spurred those linguists who agreed with Chomsky to find arguments to refute the claims of scholars who supported an evolutionary view of language. The problems with the evolution of language are compounded by uncertainty about when to date the emergence of homo sapiens, the ancestor of present-day human beings. Perhaps as long as four million years ago creatures who were presumably our ancestors began to walk upright, probably for reasons to do with the search for food. This development had far-reaching consequences, both physiological and social. In physiological terms it led to the flattening of the chest, lowering of the larynx, and better control over breathing. At the same time, for reasons that are still not clearly understood, the upright posture probably contributed to a change in body size, and perhaps also to an increase in brain size. It also allowed the hands to be free for a variety of purposes, including throwing missiles at prey targets, which increased the opportunities for hunting. Thus, the change to an upright posture had long-range effects on human evolution.
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"some of the n ev oetr , aliltd is rovuegrsy tr ht ocn le g ENS s in arKfernoymOFeivgeunrta are as ess ( 4 F . i socia 5 gure t e ed awn4d . it 5h4 ). . E5HfoNtwShO at ­ T ou hte chance of any year being d . exte tnhdeincgouonvte ry r , a o ll rpaanry ts droofuK gh en troofuaghpta -r f t re ya, are ailceu through so la re r la se ti avseoln ­ y low (Ogallo 1989). t inte Trh an envuuallne ra ra in bfia li l ty of the country to high degrees of liom ng el -y ra n an gdep ef rfeedcitc iv levad ri raobu il g it hythm ig ohnliitgohrtisng the need for components of dis ti aosn te , rapnrdepeaa re rl dyne warning , ss strat d eg as ia gcn ru o c sis, devastating impacts of the droughts in ies. Th ia elttaotg io et nheerf fo writtsh th th at eap re osct-odm is m as o te nrirnelm ie afnayndd ev re K h enya, co elo apbiin li g ­ tchoeunm tr o ie sst , raerceenhtig ( h1l9 ig 9h6t -e 7 d ) in the nsidered one of the worst d in ro rueghnte , xwt section, using cent ye haircsh . has been aEnxoammapllieesso ar f e th g e iv etn im ienF se ig ri uersesof4 . t6heansde asonal rainfall specific locations. It is evident from the 4 . f 7 ig for some ures that." In Droughts, 86–87. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315830896-62.

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"n ar eegattaikveenco to rr e im la p ti loynsa , p th hy essieca ‘ ltelliencko nnectio key va between ntphaet te lo rn ca s l ’ w (1 a9s7o2n ). tFhoellpoowiinntgosfoemmeeirngc in on gcilsusc iv oentw ai onrekdbiynoLtahm er bsm Gl aapnstzrioeatblael . a1n9d9t1h ) e . widely distributed one (e.g., see (e.g., by Berlage and DeBoer 1960), Professor Jacob pressure f an pdr ec wiapsi ta atiW on a , l ke te r m produced teleconnection Bjerknes at the University of California at Los modes of interannual blcel im to a te idve perature, and surface Angeles made the key step forward by demonstrating nise today, including the South anerrita if nbyi li tthyethlaatrgweestre scale that the atmospheric teleconnection patterns were North Atlantic O Oscillation and c o th g e ­ p eq a u rt atoof ri aalcPoaucp if liecdOmco ea dneaonfdinttheer ac gtlioobnalbaettmwo ee sp nhteh re e was Inaba le d d to it icoanr ry to scb illation. (Bjerknes 1966, 1969, and 1972). It is now clear that of fortunate circu omuste ing a first-rate scientist, Walker other parts of the global ocean also participate in the the art of statistics htaahn is work because of a confluence Southern Oscillation, manifested through changes in matical tool of the ob d se cdeesv . e F lo ir pset, shortly beforehand, sea surface temperature and the overlying atmos­ also a very ab rvational dscriaepnicdelsy . aWsaalkm er atwhaes ­ phe B ri ycctih rc e u la la ti toen. 1970s and early 1980s, climate o st fat ti hse ti cIsnd (W ian alM ker le1 99 m7a ) t . h H em av aitn ic giatn ak ewn ho understood scientists were able to document the relationships gained the oppo ertteuonrio ty lo tgoicc al Departme th netijnob19o0f3h , e h ad ehRyap sm ot uhsesso is neda nd byCaB rp je ernktneers 19 in 8 2, mwoh re odd is e c ta uisls ed (e . tgh . e , m re aqtuhierm ed ata ic a la l rg oepesrta aff capab alreryoofupteh rf is orsm tu idniges, m w an h u ic ahlT So hue th ceorunplO ed sco il cleaa ti n o -n a / tEmlosNpihneoreasvaaricao ti uopnlecdenstyrsetdemo ) n . W ve a ry lk p er raw ct ais able to t m io ankseoanmeax jo te rne si f v fo e rt d a to ta so se lv ts e . tShoeE th NeSeO qu a ( t E or l ia NlP in ac o i / f S ic oiustnhoew rn co Omsm cil oln at liyon re ), f er a r ed p h to ra saesA ra n in oftah ll e , rkaencaalcp ti rvoib ty le m th aotfh pr aed dicting Indian monsoon coined in planning documents for the international by the earl yyfyaecatrosrowfasthtehattwietnh sta taidejru te t st dbe in c om th eep1 os 8s7i0 bl s e . Tmreonpti . caDlO ur cienagntG he lo b 1 al 98A0tsmoasnpdh er 1e99 (T 0s OGaAs ) ereix es p er o i­ flsaurfgfe ic -s ie cnatlence li amr-agtleob va arl ia d ti aotnas . to de hsccre ib n e tu raynd to agnaatlh ys eereom ur p iri ucnadl, e m rs o ta dned ll iinngg , aonfdtthheeo re p ti hcyaslicsa tu l di m es e c in hcarneiassm ed s 192 T3heansdtu1d9 ie 2s4 , bWyaW lk a e lker and others (e.g., Walker aad ss voacnicae te sdinwiutnhdEeN rs S ta O n . diAngdettealielceodndnie sc c u ti sosn io pnao tt ferrencsen in trge lo la b ti aol) nsshuirp fa s ce exp is re te s d su rbeertawnedenB li lsasrg1e9 -s 3c2a ) le s h ( o i. w e. e , d n that the TOGA era (1985-94) can be found in Trenberth patterns -in particular, tphaettIen rn d s ia n an sdum re m gional rain efaarl -l et aTl. h1e 99 i8deanntd if i A ca ll tainone ta o l. f 19 so 9m6. e of the physical v ra aitn io fa nlal. l W ev a id lk eenrc ’s erfeosreatrhcehepxrio st veindceedo th feefr monso an ir osrtgaonbisseorn ­ m rev ec it h a anism ed conne l c is t e io dnsi nt aesrseosct iated with patterns. in A W se a ri lekser’ osENfp SO has st ruedciiepsi ta w ti i o th n g re te alte ly -glo more wHoerbcaal-ls le cda le tpk did no hi tsattthee rn hav Soofuitnh terannual climate variability. complete data sets (e.g., Kiladis and Diaz 1989; expected because, efotrhe re a im e p rn acOt scillatio sons th tahtartemma ig n. htI in unh itia nc alveel ly ar b , e h th einsrReocpoenlfeiw rm sk eida se nvde ra Hlao lp f e th rt et1e9 le 8c6o , nn 1e9c8t7 io , ns ansdu gg 1e9s9 te 2 d ) c so o o rr n e la ptr io ec nispib ta et t w io enenwtehaekepnreed ss uarbeopuatt te th rn esta im nd e m th oene ­ cboynW ne acltkieornsa . ndRootphee le rs w , saknidaindde nt H ifi aeldpeardt di ( t 1 io 9n8a7ltaen le-were discovered. Th y 1989) attempted to improve the usefulness of tele d ­ taitmtehemomsitdodf le thoefetah rl eec tw or ernetliae ti tohncsesnttruernyg , th beuntebdyag th a a in tcdooncnuemce ti notn patterns y work ha ing regions foorfstehaesognlaolbcelitm ha att , eipnreaddidcittiioonnb to y fille Adc in ru c w ia alspaap rt hyosfictahleepxipcltaunrdebteheantfro em rg aoitn ten atio ed . to be a m ls e o re lhyadshroew la itn io gnssh ta itp is stiw ca ilthEN EN SO SO -p rtehca ip t it w at eiroenhliignhklsy , t te hleecSoonuntehcetrinonOp sc aitltleartn io s. n A ju rsetvaisewaonfk fo nrow th leedogbesaeb rv oeudticdoennstiisftieendttfhreom se aespoin so sdaend to reegpiiosn od seo . f T th h e ey g p lo a b rt eicw ul haerr ly physical explanation precipitation was associated with ENSO in at least 75 e." In Droughts, 56. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315830896-39.

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"h it Drought igohccausrsw in el v is i rt a normal l as ulao ll wya ra ll i , re ncfla im curring featur ll a a ti rcearse . g I im t e is s . e I of climate; severity levels) and the vulnerability of society to the aberration, atteom cc puorrsariyniesveanrt. esTuh lt e o na fttuhrealoecvceunrtre (i n .e c . e , m of etpeeorrsoilso te g n ic tallad rg ro e-usgch al t e ) m rai annfe al nltafreeaatsu in r contr . Meaonfythpe ast to eocp li lmeaatseara id nid ty , i s which is sociate th re estorc ic ctuerdtao per­ disruptions in the global circulation pattern of the dr rence lo owftah tm er oesp is helrie td . e E , xipfoasnuy re th tiongd , ro th uagthtwvearc ie asnsd pa o t ia to ll yaa lt nedrm Pl oaoiurngs ht wedo if f f ic N ith most of Auo lt rythv is A ua m li esri ic f a ri , caa , nIdn ng droug d A ia u , s C tra h l ina, ht in So ia u ; th tthheey Great drought occurrence. Vulnerability, on the other hand, B east A ha si vae , d is e m de otgerrampihniecd ch bayrascotceira is l ti fcasc , to treschsnuoclhogays , ppoop li u cy la , ti aonnd , rTerhgaizo il, wes is nfsacpt erc tern Euro em e p iv heads is beyspme, anoyrttohehae both the vaes te arsn Uni region uarlplauns te odfS tates, social behaviour. These factors change over time, and nature of d re w la attievre . r th es upsonvsue ln teoratbhielsie ty c h is a n li gkeesl . yStuobs increase or decrease in cussed in mdo ro re ugdh et t a , il a la cthearriancttehriisstc ic hatph te art . will be dis­ isdaemne ti c re agl io in n w in il tlenhsaiv ty e , did ff uerraetn io tneefqfu ec etnst , d ev ro eungihfttshe in ytahree in D th reouagm ht oiusn th teocfonpsreeqcu ip ein ta cteioonfarencae tu iv readl re odvuecrt io anntcehra is ntg ic esd , because societal char , acatned ri st sipcas tia w l il c l ha hraavce ­ leexntg en th d , e d al tpheoru io gdhoofth ti emrec , li u m su a a ti l c ly faacs to erasso ( nsuocrhm as orheigihnvdu is lcnuesrsab . th ilHe it ow sye to ev ac derro , umg uch can be d tions fhrto , m an mdasnuybs one reeqgue to ntlecshsaepnt societal te ional and edrisscw ip il ­ l w ar mepoefr te a n tures, high winds, and low relative humidity) linary perspectives. th oerledv and a c ss aoncisaitgendi fi w ca it nht ly it aigngrm av aantyertehgeiosnesveo ri f ty thoeftphre in criapeanlt. Dr iny sseeaassoonugohfto is c als on, occu c r ur o re rneclea , teddeltaoysthienttihmeinsg ta r ( t i. e o ., f Because drought affects so many economic and social p th ri encriapianlsc ( rio . p e. , grroaw in tfh al lstraegnecse ) aonf rains in relation to intensity d , n the effectiveness of a se vca to ri rest , yscoofreds is coifpld in ef eisn . it Iinonasdhda it vieonb , ebeencaduesveeldorpoeudgbhyte cl viemna ts ti ) c . T ch haursa , c te eraicsh ti cs d ro aungdhtimypeaacruimsbuenr iq oufe ra iinn fa it lsltohcecug rs lo w be it , h in vaa ry l ing frequency in nearly all regions of Magalhaes ts. For example, developed and ltdyepvees lo opfinegc on coomuinctrs ie yss tem al s i , kea , ndth in e y cl eiam rs attihcadt if ofeetreanl. c e ( s19b8e8 tw ) eheanvef iv v e iv c id olnysp ec o u in ti tveeddoruotug th heta id peporlooagcihceasltdaik ff eenretnoce define it also reflect regional and and ccurred in northe s (Wilhite 1992). Impacts also timin 1g9o8f3r , ai nno fa ti lnlg an d th iemcpraic ti tcsaalstliB nk ra azgielsb . ebtew tw ee enen19t7h9esdo if cfieert al spcaotn ia tlelxytaonfdd ro te umgphot. raA ll y u , ni dveep rs eanldd in e g fi ni o ti nonthoef dur D at riooung , hitntseenvse it r y it , y a is nddegpeeongdreanpthin ca olto ex nl t y en tonof the dGrloaung tz h t ( 1i9s 85 an ) cuonnrcelau listic expectation. Wilhite and specific dro a should reflect a regio dneadltbhia as tdse in fi cnei ti w on at serofsudp ro p u ly g h is twmaatdeerbsyuphpu li m ug ahnt ac etp iv is i o ti d es e , anbdutveag ls e o ta t o io nntohneadreem gi aonnd ’ s s larg D el eyfianiftu io nncst io onfdorfocu li gmhat ti ccan re gbiemcea . tegorised broadly wi es. The soc th ie ty it , s ec f o ar n -o re mayc , hianngcdhiaem ra pca te crtiss , t ic msao ke fdirtos ug ef hfte , ctaslo nviron onngaGs la enittzh er 19c8o5n ). c ep Ctoun al c ep otruaol pe dreaftiinoin ti aolns ( W ar i e lh it oefatnhde not M im an pyo ss piebo le p , letociodn en si t d if eyradnrdomq ent uugahntt if dty if o . ficult, though dictionary t be largely atdheesccro ip ntc io enptyopfe , d generally defining of th ro e ug p h he t, naonmdetnhouns . the boundarie a F re orgeenxearm ic pilne , thseo ir frneaatlu it rya , l or the compone dnrpohu ysical t. Tghhet ri h ev as e nt b . oFtihg ur ae1n .3 atiu ll ruasl tra atn es d th saotc , iianlE 19 n 9 cy 6 c ) lo dpeefd in ia e sk associated wsodfroCulg im ht a te as a ‘a nndeW xt eeantdheedrp (S e c ri hondei -d er atrh eg e io enveinsta ( p i. reo ., dupc ro tboafbb il o it tyho th feoc re i g th iodnr ’ osuegxhptos fo urrean to yrseelaasto iv n e , taoytehaer , stoar ti sste ic vaelramluyletairysea -r omfedaenfifcoirenatre ra giinofn all currence at various These types of definitions are useful for furthering ’." In Droughts, 38–39. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315830896-27.

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"REFERENCES HONEY, L.F. and J.B. McQUITTY (1976). Dust in the animal environment. Research Bulletin 76-2, 1-66. (2 ACKEMANN, H.H. (1980). Quantitative Untersuchungen liber den bakteri-ellen Keimgehalt des Absetzstaubes in zwei Schweinemaststallen. Dtsch Tierarztl. Wschr. 87, 335-338. (3 LANGE, A., G. MEHLMRN, W. METHLING and V. NEUPARTH (1983). Dynamik der bakteriellen Kontamination des Staubes in Abferkelstallen. In: 5. Int. Leipziger Tierhyg. Symp., Leipzig, Sammelbd. d. Vortr. S. 137-142. (4 HILLIGER, H.G. (1984). Zur Bilanzierung der Bakterienflora in der Stalluft. Zbl. Vet. Med. B,31, 493-504. (5 MARTIN, H. and R.A. WILLOUGHBY (1972). Organic dust, sulfur dioxide, and the respiratory tract of swine. Arch. Environ. Health 25, 158-165. — (6 OWEN, J.E. (1982a). Dust - the problem and possibilities. Farm Bldg. Progress 67, 3-6. (7 CURTIS, ETC. (1983). Environmental management in animal agriculture. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. (8 PEPYS, I., P.A. IEMKINS, G.M. FESTENSTEIN, P.H. GREGORY, M.E. LASEY and F.A. SKINNER (1963). Farmer's lung: Thermophilic actinomycetes as a source of "farmer's lung hay" antigen. Lancet, 607-611. (9 BUTIKOFFER, E. and A.L. de WECK (1969).Huhnerzuchterlunge. Dtsch. med. Wochenschr. 94, 2627-2631. KOSTERS, J. (198177 Stallstaub kann gefahrlich werden. DGS 33, 292-293. DAY, D.L., W.L. HENSEN and S. ANDERSON (1965). Gases and odors in confinement buildings. Trans. ASAE 8, 118-121. (12 BURNETT, W.E. (1969). Odor transport by particulate matter in high density poultry houses. Poultry Sci. 48, 182-185. (13 WEURMAN, C. (1975). Vergleich zweier Methoden fur die Messung von Ge-riichen. VDI-Bericht 226, 135-139. VDI-Verlag GmbH Dlisseldorf. (14 VAN GEELEN, M. (1983). Stankproblemen bij siachtkuikenhok zijn even-tueel op te lossen. Pluimveehouderij 13, 12-13. (15 CURTIS, S.E., J.G. DRUMMOND, D.J. GRUNLOH, P.B. LYNCH and A.H. JENSEN (1975). Relative and quantitative aspects of aerial bacteria and dust in swine houses. J. Animal Sci. 41, 1512-1520. (16 BRESK, B. and J. STOLPE (1975). "Der EinfluB des Staubes in industrie-maBigen Schweineproduktionsanlagen auf die Lei stung und Gesundheit der Tiere. Monatsh. Veterinarmed. 30, 572-576. (17 HONEY, L.F. and J.B. McQUITTY (1979T. Some physical factors affect­ ing dust concentrations in a pig facility. Can. Agric. Engineering 21, 9-13. (18 MHO , C.A. et al. (1969). Dust production of poultry litter materi­ als. Auburn Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Circ. 169. (19 MATTHES, H. (1979). Art und Zusammensetzung der Luftverunreinigungen in der Nutztierhaltung und ihre Wirkung in der Stallumgebung. Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. 86, 262-265. MAN, C.,L. CERNEA and T. BUHATEL (1971). Examenal calitativ pulberi-lor din aerul adapsturilor pentru pasari. Lucrari stiintifice, seria medicina veterinara 27^ , 321-329." In Odour Prevention and Control of Organic Sludge and Livestock Farming, 339. CRC Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482286311-133.

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Conference papers on the topic "Art et société"

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Wright, Rewa, and Simon Howden. "Nga manawataki o te koiora: biological rhythms, posthuman design and decolonial thought." In 28th International Symposium on Electronic Art. Paris: Ecole des arts decoratifs - PSL, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69564/isea2023-35-short-wright-et-al-nga-manawataki-o-te-koiora.

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SHORT PAPER. Western science, in fields such as computational ecology, has grown to accept the truths that Indigenous culture have long known: that computational ecology accepts that ecological models are too complex to be summarised in computational form. Since this complexity evades the codification of mere indexing, how then, should we work with computational companions (code, algorithms, programs, platforms). What new ways of intra-acting can we develop alongside computational frameworks, which bring us one more step closer to sentient machines? Most importantly, how can ethical ways of thinking and doing motivate transformations in the computational space, in areas such as machine learning where extreme problems of bias are now embedded? This research does not answer these complex questions, for they are genuinely ‘wicked problems’ that reach toward wider issues of equity, sustainability, and economy. Our aim is to use creative practice to generate gestures and markings that tentatively trace a way forward. This research contributes to new modalities of human computer interaction that attempt to restore the dynamic pathways developed by Indigenous thinking, challenging artificial boundaries such as nature/culture, instead giving respect to concepts of interconnection. Examining some of the differences between Western epistemology and Indigenous thinking opens a pathway toward Indigenous Futures that are crafted in support of a decolonial ecology.
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