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Journal articles on the topic 'Array based sensing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Han, Yubing, and Jian Wang. "Adaptive Beamforming Based on Compressed Sensing with Smoothedl0Norm." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/959856.

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An adaptive beamforming based on compressed sensing with smoothedl0norm for large-scale sparse receiving array is proposed in this paper. Because of the spatial sparsity of the arriving signal, compressed sensing is applied to sample received signals with a sparse array and reduced channels. The signal of full array is reconstructed by using a compressed sensing reconstruction method based on smoothedl0norm. Then an iterative linearly constrained minimum variance beamforming algorithm is adopted to form antenna beam, whose main lobe is steered to the desired direction and nulls to the directions of interferences. Simulation results and Monte Carlo analysis for linear and planar arrays show that the beam performances of our proposed adaptive beamforming are similar to those of full array antenna.

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2

Großmann, Toni Dirk, Ricardo Decker, Steffen Kurth, Lothar Kroll, and Thomas Otto. "Reflection based Strain Sensing using Metamaterials." Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) 3, no. 1 (February 10, 2020): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21935/tls.v3i1.125.

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Resonator arrays of periodicially arranged electromagnetic sub-wavelength resonators show a strong frequency filter behaviour which can be controlled by the geometry, size and arrangement of the resonators. The use of several resonator arrays and their integration into a polymer matrix allows the realisation of metamaterials with a specific resonance behaviour. The resonance behaviour can be influenced by material and structural changes enabling a passive sensor function. The considered sensor approach based on metamaterials is investigated to enable structural health monitoring of lightweight structures. In the present case, a double-layer Jerusalem cross (JC) resonator array (RA) is integrated into a glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) to analyse the change of the resonance behaviour under load (strain) using a reflection measurement. The CST (Computer Simulation Technology) Microwave Studio was used to model the resonator array for operation in the microwave frequency range between 15 GHz and 35 GHz as well as for the numerical analysis of the resonance behaviour under load. The numerical results were validated by a tensile test using a tensile test machine (type TIRATEST 28100, Tira GmbH) and by a reflection measurement using two standard gain horn antennas (type Standard Gain Horn Series 862, ARRA Inc) and a vector network analyser (type ZVA50, Rohde&Schwarz). The reflection measurement shows a reflection minimum at 28.6 GHz which moves to higher frequencies under load of the GFRP laminate. With the shift of the minimum, the quality factor decreases and the dip widens. The investigation shows that it is possible to provide a GFRP laminate with a specific electromagnetic behaviour by integrating resonator arrays. It is also shown that the specific electromagnetic behaviour can be influenced by structural changes and thus opens up the possibility of monitoring the condition of lightweight structures.

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3

Cao, Siyang, David Brendel, Yuan F. Zheng, and Robert L. Ewing. "Transform-Sensing Array Based on Wavelets." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 56, no. 4 (April 2018): 2408–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2017.2780059.

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4

Li, Chengli, Jianguan Tang, Cheng Cheng, Longbao Cai, and Minghong Yang. "FBG Arrays for Quasi-Distributed Sensing: A Review." Photonic Sensors 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13320-021-0615-8.

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AbstractFiber Bragg grating (FBG) array is a powerful technique for quasi-distributed sensing along the entire length of sensing fiber with fast response and high precision. It has been widely used for temperature, strain, and vibration monitoring. In this review work, an overview on the recent advances of FBG arrays is conducted. Firstly, the fabrication methods of FBG array are reviewed, which include femtosecond laser system and online writing technique. Then, the demodulation techniques for FBG arrays are presented and discussed. Distributed static sensing can be performed by demodulating wavelength shift of each FBG, while phase demodulation techniques with low noise are employed for dynamic vibration sensing. Simultaneous distributed dynamic and static sensing system based on FBG array is also outlined. Finally, possible future directions are discussed and concluded. It is believed that the FBG array has great development potential and application prospect.

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5

Xuhong Chu, Xuhong Chu, Liquan Dong Liquan Dong, Yuejin Zhao Yuejin Zhao, Xiaomei Yu Xiaomei Yu, and and Yun Feng and Yun Feng. "Optical readout method based on time-discrete modulation for micro-cantilever array sensing." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 10 (2016): 101102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.101102.

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6

Creran, Brian, Uwe H.F. Bunz, and Vincent M. Rotello. "Polymer – Nanoparticle Assemblies for Array Based Sensing." Current Organic Chemistry 19, no. 12 (June 12, 2015): 1054–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272819666150318221301.

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7

JIN, Peng, Akira YAMAGUCHI, Fumika ASARI OI, Shigeki MATSUO, Jiubin TAN, and Hiroaki MISAWA. "Glucose Sensing Based on Interdigitated Array Microelectrode." Analytical Sciences 17, no. 7 (2001): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.17.841.

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8

Wang, Jiaqi, Xuelei Fu, Hui Gao, Xin Gui, Honghai Wang, and Zhengying Li. "FPGA-Based Dynamic Wavelength Interrogation System for Thousands of Identical FBG Sensors." Photonics 9, no. 2 (January 29, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9020079.

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Under realistic scenarios, more fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are always expected to be multiplexed in one sensor array to share the expensive optical components and electrical devices. However, either the sensing number or the interrogation frequency is limited in previous works due to the huge amount of data generated from large-scale sensing arrays. This paper presents a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based dynamic wavelength interrogation system for thousands of identical FBGs. With the advantages of parallel controlling and pipeline processing, FPGA can accelerate the data-processing rate of the wavelength interrogation, realizing a continuous-running and real-time sensing system. The signal-processing system precisely synchronizes the generation of interrogation pulses, the acquisition of reflected signals, and the processing of the wavelength-related data, making the interrogation frequency fundamentally limited by the round-trip time of light pulses traveling in the fiber. Multiple sensing arrays can be independently carried out simultaneously, affecting hardly the interrogation frequency. Experimental results show that over 4000 FBGs with a 3-m spatial resolution in four channels are interrogated with a 150-Hz sensing frequency, 3-nm dynamic range, and ±5.9-pm sensing precision, greatly improving the interrogation frequency while ensuring the multiplexing number.

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9

Kuznetsov, Grigory, Vladimir Temchenko, Maxim Miloserdov, and Dmitry Voskresenskiy. "Modifications of active phased antenna arrays near-field diagnosis method based on compressive sensing." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 7 (July 18, 2019): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719000989.

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AbstractThis paper presents two modifications of compressive sensing (CS)-based approach applied to the near-field diagnosis of active phased arrays. CS-based antenna array diagnosis allows a significant reduction of measurement time, which is crucial for the characterization of electrically large active antenna arrays, e.g. used in synthetic aperture radar. However, practical implementation of this method is limited by two factors: first, it is sensitive to thermal instabilities of the array under test, and second, excitation reconstruction accuracy strongly depends on the accuracy of the elements of the measurement matrix. First proposed modification allows taking into account of thermal instability of the array by using an iterative ℓ1-minimization procedure. The second modification increases the accuracy of reconstruction using several simple additional measurements.

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Day, Brian A., and Christopher E. Wilmer. "Genetic Algorithm Design of MOF-based Gas Sensor Arrays for CO2-in-Air Sensing." Sensors 20, no. 3 (February 10, 2020): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030924.

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Gas sensor arrays, also known as electronic noses, leverage a diverse set of materials to identify the components of complex gas mixtures. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for electronic noses due to their high-surface areas and chemical as well as structural tunability. Using our recently reported genetic algorithm design approach, we examined a set of 50 MOFs and searched through over 1.125 × 1015 unique array combinations to identify optimal arrays for the detection of CO2 in air. We found that despite individual MOFs having lower selectivity for O2 or N2 relative to CO2, intelligently selecting the right combinations of MOFs enables accurate prediction of the concentrations of all components in the mixture (i.e., CO2, O2, N2). We also analyzed the physical properties of the elements in the arrays to develop an intuition for improving array design. Notably, we found that an array whose MOFs have diversity in their volumetric surface areas has improved sensing. Consistent with this observation, we found that the best arrays consistently had greater structural diversity (e.g., pore sizes, void fractions, and surface areas) than the worst arrays.

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11

Shi, Zhibo, Guolong Liang, Longhao Qiu, Guangming Wan, and Lei Zhao. "Vector Hydrophone Array Design Based on Off-Grid Compressed Sensing." Sensors 20, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 6949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236949.

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Array design is the primary consideration for array signal processing, and sparse array design is an important and challenging task. In underwater acoustic environments, the vector hydrophone array contains more information than the scalar hydrophone array, but there are few articles focused on the design of the vector hydrophone array. The difference between the vector hydrophone array and the scalar hydrophone array is that each vector hydrophone has three or four channels. When designing a sparse vector hydrophone array, these channels need to be optimized at the same time to ensure the sparsity of the array elements’ number. To solve this problem, this paper introduced the compressed sensing (CS) theory into the vector hydrophone array design, constructed the vector hydrophone array design problem into a globally solvable optimization problem, proposed a CS-based algorithm with the L1 norm suitable for vector hydrophone array, and realized the simultaneous optimization of multiple channels from the same vector hydrophone. At the same time, the off-grid algorithm was added to obtain higher design accuracy. Two design examples verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that compared with the conventional compressed sensing algorithm with the same aperture, the algorithm proposed in this paper used fewer vector hydrophone elements to obtain better fitting of the desired beam pattern.

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He, Nan, Tingbiao Guo, Yi Jin, and Sailing He. "All-in-One Collimating Splitter Based on a Meta-Fiber Platform." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (April 5, 2023): 4603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074603.

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The use of array generators has become ubiquitous in various applications such as laser fabrication, face identification, and motion sensing. The Dammann grating, a diffractive optical element, is the mainstream approach for generating uniform spot arrays. However, its limited capability and the contradiction between the performance and the complexity of fabrication hinder its application. To address this issue, an all-in-one collimating splitter based on metasurfaces is theoretically proposed by synthesizing the phase of an inverse-optimized Dammann grating and a collimating lens. Leveraging both the diffraction effect of Dammann grating and the Fourier transformation of the collimating lens, the number of spot arrays can be largely increased with a single lenslet. The proposed design shows a large field of view of 62° × 62° and a high uniformity of 1.29% in generating a spot array of 3 × 3 on a single-fiber platform, confirmed by both the scalar and full-wave simulation. Further, a larger spot array up to 15 × 15 is also derived in the far field by integrating the proposed metasurface on a 5 × 5 fiber array platform, confirmed by the scalar simulation. Our design may be transplanted to the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser platform, and shows great potential in various applications including face identification and motion sensing.

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13

Liu, Geng, Weili Jiang, Xudong Zheng, and Qian Xue. "Flow-signal correlation in seal whisker array sensing." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 17, no. 1 (December 2, 2021): 016004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ac363c.

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Abstract Phocid seals detect and track artificial or biogenic hydrodynamic trails based on mechanical signals of their whisker arrays. In this paper, we investigated the correlations between flow structures and whisker array signals using a simplified numerical model of fluid–structure interaction (FSI). Three-dimensional (3D) wakes of moving paddles in three different shapes (rectangular plate, undulated plate, and circular cylinder) were simulated using an in-house immersed-boundary-method-based computational fluid dynamics solver. One-way FSI was then simulated to obtain the dynamic behavior and root signal of each whisker in the two whisker arrays on a seal head in each wake. The position, geometry, and material properties of each whisker were modeled based on the measurements reported in literatures. The correlations between the wake structures and whisker array signals were analyzed. It was found that the patterns of the signals on the whisker arrays can reflect the strength, timing, and moving trajectories of the jets induced by the vortices in the wakes. Specifically, the rectangular plate generates the strongest starting vortex ring as well as the strongest jets, while the undulated plate generates the weakest ones. These flow features are fully reflected by the largest whisker signal magnitude in the rectangular plate sensing and the smallest one in the undulated plate sensing. Moreover, the timing of the signal initiation and the maximum signal agree well with the timing of the jet reaching the arrays and the maximum flow speed, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the moving trajectories of the jet and the movement of the high signal level region in the array was found to be higher than 0.9 in the rectangular plate case. The results provide a physical insight into the mechanisms of seal whisker flow sensing.

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14

Xiangwei Lin, Xiangwei Lin, Naizhang Feng Naizhang Feng, Yawei Qu Yawei Qu, Deying Chen Deying Chen, Yi Shen Yi Shen, and Mingjian Sun Mingjian Sun. "Compressed sensing in synthetic aperture photoacoustic tomography based on a linear-array ultrasound transducer." Chinese Optics Letters 15, no. 10 (2017): 101102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201715.101102.

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15

Chang, Hsing Cheng, San Shan Hung, Shyan Lung Lin, I. Nan Chang, and Chi Chih Lai. "An Automatic Anemometer Based on the Technology of Double-Ring Thermoelectric Sensing Structure." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2121.

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The research presents a novel automatic anemometer based on the technology of automatic multi-dimensional thermoelectric sensor array. The multi-dimensional thermoelectric sensor array was designed to form a double-ring structure using commercial thermocouples to detect real-time airflow temperature distribution, velocity and direction. The sensing arrays and a controllable heater and a human-machine interface that is calibrated by a hot-wire anemometer. The anemometer has advantages of low cost, real-time detection with fast response. Related air flow information has measured accurately and repeatability.

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16

Chen, Wantong, Hailong Wu, and Shiyu Ren. "CM-LSTM Based Spectrum Sensing." Sensors 22, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062286.

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This paper presents spectrum sensing as a classification problem, and uses a spectrum-sensing algorithm based on a signal covariance matrix and long short-term memory network (CM-LSTM). We jointly exploited the spatial cross-correlation of multiple signals received by the antenna array and the temporal autocorrelation of single signals; we used the long short-term memory network (LSTM), which is good at extracting temporal correlation features, as the classification model; we then input the covariance matrix of the signals received by the array into the LSTM classification model to achieve the fusion learning of spatial correlation features and temporal correlation features of the signals, thus significantly improving the performance of spectrum sensing. Simulation analysis shows that the CM-LSTM-based spectrum-sensing algorithm shows better performance compared with support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), random forest (RF), and energy detection (ED) algorithm-based spectrum-sensing algorithms for different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and different numbers of secondary users (SUs). Among them, SVM is a classical machine-learning algorithm, GBM and RF are two integrated learning methods with better generalization capability, and ED is a classical, traditional, and spectrum-sensing algorithm.

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17

Islam, T., H. Saha, and S. S. Islam. "Porous Silicon Based Sensor Array for Ethanol Sensing." Sensor Letters 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2009): 1077–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2009.1237.

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18

Miranda, Oscar R., Chang-Cheng You, Ronnie Phillips, Ik-Bum Kim, Partha S. Ghosh, Uwe H. F. Bunz, and Vincent M. Rotello. "Array-Based Sensing of Proteins Using Conjugated Polymers." Journal of the American Chemical Society 129, no. 32 (August 2007): 9856–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0737927.

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19

Ishihara, Shinsuke, Ashish Bahuguna, Suneel Kumar, Venkata Krishnan, Jan Labuta, Takashi Nakanishi, Takeshi Tanaka, Hiromichi Kataura, Yoshihiro Kon, and Dachao Hong. "Cascade Reaction-Based Chemiresistive Array for Ethylene Sensing." ACS Sensors 5, no. 5 (May 11, 2020): 1405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.0c00194.

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20

Madianos, Leonidas, Evangelos Skotadis, Lampros Patsiouras, Myrto K. Filippidou, Stavros Chatzandroulis, and Dimitris Tsoukalas. "Nanoparticle based gas-sensing array for pesticide detection." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6, no. 5 (October 2018): 6641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.10.036.

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21

Escobedo, Carlos. "On-chip nanohole array based sensing: a review." Lab on a Chip 13, no. 13 (2013): 2445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3lc50107h.

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22

Tong, Min Ming, Le Jian An, Shou Feng Tang, and Zi Hui Ren. "Gas Analysis Based on Piezoelectric Sensor Array." Advanced Materials Research 421 (December 2011): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.421.674.

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A piezoelectric sensor array is introduced for the analysis of gas in mine. This sensor array is made of three different gas-sensitive piezoelectric sensors to detect an explosive gas mixture of methane, butane and hexane. The gas analysis is very important to reliable warning of explosion risk in mine. Because of cross sensing to gas for each sensor of sensor array, we use BP neural network in the artificial neural networks to process the sensing signal to get the concentration of methane, butane and hexane in the combustible gas mixture. Experimental results show that the analysis error is less than 5% and meets the requirements of safety monitoring.

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23

Khan, Shafqat Ullah, M. K. A. Rahim, I. M. Qureshi, and N. A. Murad. "Diagnosis of Faulty Sensors in Antenna Array using Hybrid Differential Evolution based Compressed Sensing Technique." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i2.pp961-966.

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<span lang="EN-US">In this work, differential evolution based compressive sensing technique for detection of faulty sensors in linear arrays has been presented. This algorithm starts from taking the linear measurements of the power pattern generated by the array under test. The difference between the collected compressive measurements and measured healthy array field pattern is minimized using a hybrid differential evolution (DE). In the proposed method, the slow convergence of DE based compressed sensing technique is accelerated with the help of parallel coordinate decent algorithm (PCD). The combination of DE with PCD makes the minimization faster and precise. Simulation results validate the performance to detect faulty sensors from a small number of measurements.</span>

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Kumar D. R, Santhosh, and Dr P.V. Rao. "HPV Sensing by CNTFET Array Nanobiosensor." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.34 (September 1, 2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.18778.

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Women life is threatened by the cervical cancer each time worldwide. The cervical cancer high grade pre cancer is due to HPV E6 and E7 agents. Nano materials show a key role in medical analysis and action. CNTs (Carbon Nano Tube) have very unique electrical and mechanical properties which are useful in the bio-application. The conventional based biosensors can be improved by CNT based biosensors with respect to sensitivity, selectivity and simple in operation. In comparison with the silicon transistors, CNTFET (Carbon Nano Tube Field Effect Transistor) nano device takes less power and performs faster. The research paper covers working of CNTFET based nano biosensor to detect cervical cancer antibody. 4 x 4 CNTFET sensor array is designed to detect antibody variations on CNTFET gate. The sensor current varied from 4.286 µA to 15.435 µA for gate voltage varied from 0.2 V to 1.06 V. The improved 64 CNTFET based biosensor performs better in sensing the analyte of different concentrations.

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25

Freddi, Sonia, Michele Vergari, Stefania Pagliara, and Luigi Sangaletti. "A Chemiresistor Sensor Array Based on Graphene Nanostructures: From the Detection of Ammonia and Possible Interfering VOCs to Chemometric Analysis." Sensors 23, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020882.

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Sensor arrays are currently attracting the interest of researchers due to their potential of overcoming the limitations of single sensors regarding selectivity, required by specific applications. Among the materials used to develop sensor arrays, graphene has not been so far extensively exploited, despite its remarkable sensing capability. Here we present the development of a graphene-based sensor array prepared by dropcasting nanostructure and nanocomposite graphene solution on interdigitated substrates, with the aim to investigate the capability of the array to discriminate several gases related to specific applications, including environmental monitoring, food quality tracking, and breathomics. This goal is achieved in two steps: at first the sensing properties of the array have been assessed through ammonia exposures, drawing the calibration curves, estimating the limit of detection, which has been found in the ppb range for all sensors, and investigating stability and sensitivity; then, after performing exposures to acetone, ethanol, 2-propanol, sodium hypochlorite, and water vapour, chemometric tools have been exploited to investigate the discrimination capability of the array, including principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and Mahalanobis distance. PCA shows that the array was able to discriminate all the tested gases with an explained variance around 95%, while with an LDA approach the array can be trained to accurately recognize unknown gas contribution, with an accuracy higher than 94%.

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Guan, Sihui, and Yaoliang Song. "Radar Coincidence Imaging Based on Adaptive Frame-iteration Compressive Sensing." Frequenz 74, no. 3-4 (March 26, 2020): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2019-0157.

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AbstractThe radar coincidence imaging (RCI) doesn’t rely on relative motion between target and radar, but its super-resolution characteristics requires a large sample size of the radiation fields. In the actual operation, transmitting too many signals at once not only requires large antenna array, but also easily causes aliasing. Thus the model of adaptive frame-iteration compressive sensing (AFCS) was proposed in this paper. Compared to the traditional antenna array, MIMO antenna array [1] transmits signals independently and ensures low enough correlations between every array element. Based on the spatial multiplexing characteristics of MIMO antenna array, in each iteration-frame the randomly selected array elements transmit incoherent signals, and the scattering coefficients of target plane can be obtained by correlation processing of the echo signal and the reference signal. Moreover, according to the distribution of scattering coefficients, we can combine frame-iteration and compressive sensing to realize super-resolution imaging. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model is feasible.

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Xi, Hongyan, Xin Li, Qingyun Liu, and Zhengbo Chen. "Cationic polymer-based plasmonic sensor array that discriminates proteins." Analyst 143, no. 22 (2018): 5578–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an01360h.

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Breaking the restrictions of the lock-and-key sensing strategy which relies only on the most dominant interactions between the sensing element and target, here, we develop a colorimetric sensor array with three kinds of cationic polymers (polydiallyl dimethylammonium chloride (PDDA), chitosan (CTS), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) as nonspecific receptors.

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28

Wang, Wen-Qin. "Virtual Antenna Array Analysis for MIMO Synthetic Aperture Radars." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/587276.

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Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) that employs multiple antennas to transmit orthogonal waveforms and multiple antennas to receive radar echoes is a recently proposed remote sensing concept. It has been shown that MIMO SAR can be used to improve remote sensing system performance. Most of the MIMO SAR research so far focused on signal/data models and corresponding signal processing algorithm. Little work related to MIMO SAR antenna analysis can be found. One of the main advantages of MIMO SAR is that the degrees of freedom can be greatly increased by the concept of virtual antenna array. In this paper, we analyze the virtual antenna array for MIMO SAR high-resolution wide-swath remote sensing applications. The one-dimensional uniform and nonuniform linear antenna arrays are investigated and their application potentials in high-resolution wide-swath remote sensing are introduced. The impacts of nonuniform spatial sampling in the virtual antenna array are analyzed, along with a multichannel filtering-based reconstruction algorithm. Conceptual system and discussions are provided. It is shown that high operation flexibility and reconfigurability can be obtained by utilizing the virtual antenna arrays provided by the MIMO SAR systems, thus enabling a satisfactory remote sensing performance.

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Yu, Tingting, XiaoLi Cheng, Xianfa Zhang, Lili Sui, Yingming Xu, Shan Gao, Hui Zhao, and Lihua Huo. "Highly sensitive H2S detection sensors at low temperature based on hierarchically structured NiO porous nanowall arrays." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 22 (2015): 11991–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta00811e.

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NiO porous nanowall arrays have been successfully grown in situ on ceramic tubes by a hydrothermal reaction, combined with a calcination process. With such unique hierarchical pores, the array film sensor displayed excellent sensing performance toward H₂S.

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Liu, Aihua, Qiang Yang, Xin Zhang, and Weibo Deng. "Direction-of-Arrival Estimation for Coprime Array Using Compressive Sensing Based Array Interpolation." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6425067.

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A method of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using array interpolation is proposed in this paper to increase the number of resolvable sources and improve the DOA estimation performance for coprime array configuration with holes in its virtual array. The virtual symmetric nonuniform linear array (VSNLA) of coprime array signal model is introduced, with the conventional MUSIC with spatial smoothing algorithm (SS-MUSIC) applied on the continuous lags in the VSNLA; the degrees of freedom (DoFs) for DOA estimation are obviously not fully exploited. To effectively utilize the extent of DoFs offered by the coarray configuration, a compressing sensing based array interpolation algorithm is proposed. The compressing sensing technique is used to obtain the coarse initial DOA estimation, and a modified iterative initial DOA estimation based interpolation algorithm (IMCA-AI) is then utilized to obtain the final DOA estimation, which maps the sample covariance matrix of the VSNLA to the covariance matrix of a filled virtual symmetric uniform linear array (VSULA) with the same aperture size. The proposed DOA estimation method can efficiently improve the DOA estimation performance. The numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Chong, Yung Sin, Keat Hoe Yeoh, Pei Ling Leow, and Pei Song Chee. "Piezoresistive strain sensor array using polydimethylsiloxane-based conducting nanocomposites for electronic skin application." Sensor Review 38, no. 4 (September 17, 2018): 494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-11-2017-0238.

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Purpose This paper aims to report a stretchable piezoresistive strain sensor array that can detect various static and dynamic stimuli, including bending, normal force, shear stress and certain range of temperature variation, through sandwiching an array of conductive blocks, made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite. The strain sensor array induces localized resistance changes at different external mechanical forces, which can be potentially implemented as electronic skin. Design/methodology/approach The working principle is the piezoresistivity of the strain sensor array is based on the tunnelling resistance connection between the fillers and reformation of the percolating path when the PDMS and MWCNT composite deforms. When an external compression stimulus is exerted, the MWCNT inter-filler distance at the conductive block array reduces, resulting in the reduction of the resistance. The resistance between the conductive blocks in the array, on the other hand, increases when the strain sensor is exposed to an external stretching force. The methodology was as follows: Numerical simulation has been performed to study the pressure distribution across the sensor. This method applies two thin layers of conductive elastomer composite across a 2 × 3 conductive block array, where the former is to detect the stretchable force, whereas the latter is to detect the compression force. The fabrication of the strain sensor consists of two main stages: fabricating the conducting block array (detect compression force) and depositing two thin conductive layers (detect stretchable force). Findings Characterizations have been performed at the sensor pressure response: static and dynamic configuration, strain sensing and temperature sensing. Both pressure and strain sensing are studied in terms of the temporal response. The temporal response shows rapid resistance changes and returns to its original value after the external load is removed. The electrical conductivity of the prototype correlates to the temperature by showing negative temperature coefficient material behaviour with the sensitivity of −0.105 MΩ/°C. Research limitations/implications The conductive sensor array can potentially be implemented as electronic skin due to its reaction with mechanical stimuli: compression and stretchable pressure force, strain sensing and temperature sensing. Originality/value This prototype enables various static and dynamic stimulus detections, including bending, normal force, shear stress and certain range of temperature variation, through sandwiching an array of conductive blocks, made of MWCNT and PDMS composite. Conventional design might need to integrate different microfeatures to perform the similar task, especially for dynamic force sensing.

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Jiang, Jing, Xinhao Wang, Shuang Li, Fei Ding, Nantao Li, Shaoyu Meng, Ruifan Li, Jia Qi, Qingjun Liu, and Gang Logan Liu. "Plasmonic nano-arrays for ultrasensitive bio-sensing." Nanophotonics 7, no. 9 (August 28, 2018): 1517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2018-0023.

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AbstractSurface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR) effects have been shown as the principles of some highlysensitive sensors in recent decades. Due to the advances in nano-fabrication technology, the plasmon nano-array sensors based on SPR and LSPR phenomena have been widely used in chemical and bioloical analysis. Sensing with surface-enhanced field and sensing for refractive index changes are able to identify the analytes quantitatively and qualitatively. With the newly developed ultrasensitive plasmonic biosensors, platforms with excellent performance have been built for various biomedical applications, including point-of-care diagnosis and personalized medicine. In addition, flexible integration of plasmonics nano-arrays and combining them with electrochemical sensing have significantly enlarged the application scenarios of the plasmonic nano-array sensors, as well as improved the sensing accuracy.

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Ouyang, Xian Yue, Guang Zhi Dai, Ren Fa Li, and Qing Guang Zeng. "Ultrasonic Phased Array Industrial Imaging Research with Compressed Sensing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.317.

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this study presents an eight array ultrasonic signal phased array sparse sampling experiment system based ultrasonic phased array technology and Compressed Sensing (CS). Proposed system considers recovery ultrasonic beam signal received eight phased array elements with sparse samples captured using sub-Nyquist model in CS recovery algorithm. We have the block defect detection test in the system. The test result approximated the actual block defect position. Based on block defect detection test, We compared sparse sampling value using spectrum estimation to Compressed Sensing recovery algorithm imaging, and no focus and focus detection effect, proved the phased array experiment system based on Compressed Sensing .it can greatly improve the detection signal to noise ratio (SNR) and sensitivity. So we verify the phased array focus can improve the detection ability.

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Huang, Kaichen, Hengliang Deng, and Yanlong Lin. "Research on Atmospheric Turbulence Distortion Measurement Based on Compressed Sensing Technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2441, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2441/1/012038.

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Abstract The Hartmann wavefront sensor can measure the phase change of atmospheric turbulence in real time and realize the measurement of the distorted wavefront signal of atmospheric turbulence. However, existing Hartmann wavefront sensor microlens arrays are generally small, which limits their spatial resolution capabilities. By introducing compressed sensing technology into wavefront detection, this paper breaks through the limitations of the traditional Nyquist sampling theorem and achieves higher resolution spatial wavefront detection with a smaller microlens array.

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Joler, Miroslav. "How FPGAs Can Help Create Self-Recoverable Antenna Arrays." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/196925.

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An approach to utilize Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology to control antenna arrays is presented based on the scenario of sensing a failure of any array element, analyzing degradation of the radiation pattern due to that failure, and finding a new set of excitations to the array elements in order to recover the radiation pattern as close to the original state as possible, thus creating aself-recoverable antenna array(SRA). The challenges of the SRA concept and embodiment of the recovery algorithm(s) are discussed. The results of the radiation recovery are presented on a few array cases, followed by a discussion on the advantages and possible limitations of the FPGA-based array control.

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Tan, Changsheng, Wei Kong, Genghua Huang, Jia Hou, Shaolei Jia, Tao Chen, and Rong Shu. "Design and Demonstration of a Novel Long-Range Photon-Counting 3D Imaging LiDAR with 32 × 32 Transceivers." Remote Sensing 14, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 2851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14122851.

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Geiger-mode single-photon LiDAR is an important tool for long-distance three-dimensional remote sensing. A planar-array-based photon counting LiDAR that uses 32-by-32 fiber arrays coupled to an optical lens as a transceiver unit was developed. Using transmitters and receivers with the same design, the proposed device easily achieves a high-precision alignment of 1024 pixels and flexible detection field-of-view design. The LiDAR uses a set of relay lenses to couple echoes from the receiving fiber arrays to the pixels of a planar-array single-photon detector, which has a resolution enhanced by a factor of four (64-by-64) relative to the fiber array to reduce cross talk from neighboring pixels. The results of field experiments demonstrate that the proposed LiDAR can reconstruct a three-dimensional image from a distance of 1600 m. Even at an acquisition time of only 40 ms, targets with an area of approximately 50% can still be identified from 200 frames. These results demonstrate the potential of the LiDAR prototype for use in instantaneous high-density point-array measurement and long-range wide-FoV 3D imaging, which can be used in remote sensing applications such as airborne surveys and mapping. In the future, we will integrate the proposed LiDAR prototype and the pose measurement system to take the aircraft-based 3D imaging remote sensing experiments.

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Zhang, Fengling, Tianyi Cai, Liang Ma, Liyuan Zhan, and Hong Liu. "A Paper-Based Electrochromic Array for Visualized Electrochemical Sensing." Sensors 17, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17020276.

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Li, Xizhe, Bingyu Li, Ruirui Liu, Yanhua Dong, and Yayan Wu. "Array-based microbial identification upon extracellular aminoglycoside residue sensing." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 413, no. 18 (April 23, 2021): 4689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03346-z.

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Köstereli, Ziya, and Kay Severin. "Array-based sensing of purine derivatives with fluorescent dyes." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 35 (2015): 9231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob01201e.

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Wu, Jiatao, Chunyan Tan, Zhifang Chen, Yu Zong Chen, Ying Tan, and Yuyang Jiang. "Fluorescence array-based sensing of nitroaromatics using conjugated polyelectrolytes." Analyst 141, no. 11 (2016): 3242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an00678g.

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Zhou, Chengwei, Yujie Gu, Yimin D. Zhang, Zhiguo Shi, Tao Jin, and Xidong Wu. "Compressive sensing-based coprime array direction-of-arrival estimation." IET Communications 11, no. 11 (August 3, 2017): 1719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2016.1048.

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Fan, Fei, Sai Chen, Xiang-Hui Wang, Peng-Fei Wu, and Sheng-Jiang Chang. "Terahertz Refractive Index Sensing Based on Photonic Column Array." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 27, no. 5 (March 1, 2015): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2014.2382128.

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Xu, Y. P., R. Frick, and M. R. Haskard. "A novel sensing technique based on a sensor array." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 82, no. 1-3 (May 2000): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-4247(99)00324-6.

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Liu, Siliang, Xiaoxue Hu, Wenqing Lin, Zehui Lu, Sixing Xi, Liping Gong, and Xiaolei Wang. "Terahertz compressed sensing imaging based on line array detection." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 168 (September 2023): 107685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2023.107685.

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Zhi Wang, Zhi Wang, Hongqiao Wen Hongqiao Wen, Chenyuan Hu Chenyuan Hu, Wei Bai Wei Bai, and and Yutang Dai and Yutang Dai. "Field-programmable gate array-based large-capacity sensing network with 1642 ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 1 (2016): 010601–10604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.010601.

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Song, Ming, Hui Wang, and Tong Xu. "In-Plane Strain Field Sensor Based on the Semiconductor Film." Materials Science Forum 848 (March 2016): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.777.

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The ZnO semiconductor multicrystalline film is utilized as the sensing material, and a sensors array is demonstrated in this paper. Based on the coupling effect of piezoelectric and semiconducting, an ultra-high sensitivity to the deformation is obtained that the gauge factor of the single units is derived up to 199, which is 100 times of that of the commercial foil gage (gauge factor = 2). After calibration on every sensing unit, the distribution of the uniform and non-uniform strain applied on the device is measured and mapped by the sensors array successfully. The results show a good application of the device on the deformation field sensing by contact test method.

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Miranda, Oscar R., Brian Creran, and Vincent M. Rotello. "Array-based sensing with nanoparticles: ‘Chemical noses’ for sensing biomolecules and cell surfaces." Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 14, no. 6 (December 2010): 728–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.07.021.

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Pan, Jinjun, Linfeng Hu, and Yihao Xiong. "Signal recognition of a Fiber Bragg grating-based orbit monitoring system based on the convolutional neural network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2480, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2480/1/012010.

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Abstract In order to adapt to the diversification of train and railway technology by combining the needs of rail transit and the advantages of a grating array fiber sensing system, this paper discusses an intelligent rail transit safety monitoring system based on grating array fiber. The vibration signal sensing system based on grating array fiber can accurately locate the time and place of vibration occurrence in real time by analyzing the train vibration signal obtained by the sensing system. The possible abnormal conditions and safety risks of the train or track can be judged. At the same time, in view of the problems of low processing efficiency, low accuracy, and high possibility of omission caused by resolving and processing vibration signals only by human resources or a single feature extraction technology, this paper introduces a data analysis and processing method in a deep learning framework to analyze the collected signal directly. Deep learning is conducted through the convolutional neural network to distinguish the normal vehicle crossing data from the abnormal data, and then the abnormal data are analyzed separately. The exception category is used according to the exception data upper opportunity.

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Dai, Guang Zhi, Wei Yi Lin, and Guo Qiang Han. "Industrial Ultrasonic Imaging Based on Compressed Sensing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2328.

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Industrial ultrasonic imaging system based on compressed sensing(IUICS),is still lack of available implementation, due to its difficulty in hardware realization.However,thanks to the recent finite rate of innovation and ultrasonic phased array technology,it is possible to apply Compressive Sensing framework to industrial ultrasonic imaging system.In this paper,we propose an available scheme of industrial ultrasonic imaging,which includes the sampling of signal,reconstruction algorithm and its physical structure, based on Compressed Sensing.

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Yuan, Rui, Jun Yue, and Hong Xiu Gao. "Array DOA Estimation by the Model of Four Elements in Quare Array Based on the Theory of Compressed Sensing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.971.

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The DOA estimation by the model of four elements in the square array has studied based on the theory of compressed sensing. Using matching pursuit algorithm and orthogonality matching pursuit algorithm, the computer simulation was presented. The results show the method of DOA estimation by compressed sensing theory is simple, practical and low computational complexity.

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