Journal articles on the topic 'Aromatic condensation'

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1

Witzig, Reto M., and Christof Sparr. "Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted Biaryls by Small-Molecule-Catalyzed Noncanonical Polyketide Cyclizations." Synlett 31, no. 01 (October 22, 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690215.

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The arene-forming aldol condensation is a fundamental reaction in the biosynthesis of aromatic polyketides. Precisely controlled by the polyketide synthases, the highly reactive poly-β-carbonyl substrates are diverged into numerous aromatic natural products by selective cyclization reactions; a fascinating biosynthetic strategy that sparked our interest to investigate atroposelective aldol condensations. In this Account, we contextualize and highlight the ability of small-molecule catalysts to selectively convert noncanonical hexacarbonyl substrates in a double arene-forming aldol condensation resulting in the atroposelective synthesis of tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted biaryls. The hexacarbonyl substrates were obtained by a fourfold ozonolysis enabling a late-stage introduction of all carbonyl functions in one step. Secondary amine catalysts capable of forming an extended hydrogen-bonding network triggered the noncanonical polyketide cyclization in order to form valuable biaryls in high yields and with stereocontrol of up to 98:2 er.1 Biosynthesis of Aromatic Polyketides2 Rotationally Restricted Aromatic Polyketides3 3,3′-Substituted Binaphthalenes in Catalysis4 Stereoselective Synthesis of Atropisomers5 Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-Substituted Biaryls by the Atroposelective Arene-Forming Aldol Condensation6 Conclusion
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2

Moth‐Poulsen, Kasper, Theis Reenberg, Thomas Bjørnholm, and Jørn B. Christensen. "Microwave Assisted Condensation of Aromatic Methyl Groups with Aromatic Aldehydes." Synthetic Communications 34, no. 12 (December 31, 2004): 2215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/scc-120038503.

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3

Miller, J. Houston. "Aromatic excimers: evidence for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon condensation in flames." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 30, no. 1 (January 2005): 1381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2004.08.192.

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4

Kundu, Kshama, and Sandip Nayak. "Camphor-10-sulfonic acid catalyzed condensation of 2-naphthol with aromatic/aliphatic aldehydes to 14-aryl/alkyl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 79, no. 9 (2014): 1051–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc130805021k.

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(?)-Camphor-10-sulfonic acid (CSA) catalyzed condensation of 2-naphthol with both aliphatic/aromatic aldehydes at 80?C yielded 14-alkyl/aryl-dibenzoxanthenes as the sole product in high yields. However, the same condensation with benzaldehyde at 25?C afforded a mixture of intermediate 1,1-bis-(2-hydroxynaphthyl)phenylmethane and 14-phenyl-dibenzoxanthene while the condensation with aliphatic aldehydes at 25?C furnished the corresponding 14-alkyl-dibenzoxanthenes as the sole product. Moreover, condensation of 2-naphthol with aromatic/aliphatic aldehydes with low catalyst loading (2 mol%) was greatly accelerated under microwave irradiation to afford the corresponding 14-aryl/alkyl-dibenzoxanthenes as the sole product in high yields.
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5

He, Yan-Hong, Gang-Qiang Wang, Ke-Ling Xu, and Zhi Guan. "An Efficient Procedure for the Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles in an Ionic Liquid." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-0212.

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The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [bmim]HSO4, was used as a catalyst and reaction medium for the pyrrole synthesis, and a wide range of aliphatic, aromatic, heteroaromatic and carboxylic 1,4-diketones easily underwent condensations with aniline and ethylenediamine to form polysubstituted pyrroles. Sequential decarboxylation/Paal-Knorr pyrrole condensation was observed, which provides a new and facile approach to monoester pyrroles from 1,4-diketo-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters.
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6

Pelageev, D. N., and V. Ph Anufriev. "Condensation of hydroxy naphthazarins with aromatic aldehydes." Russian Chemical Bulletin 57, no. 11 (November 2008): 2335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-008-0332-0.

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7

Paromov, Artyom E., Sergey V. Sysolyatin, and Irina A. Shchurova. "Condensation of 4-Tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide with Glyoxal and Reaction Features: A New Process for Symmetric and Asymmetric Aromatic Sulfones." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 12, 2022): 7793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227793.

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The synthesis of substituted aza- and oxaazaisowurtzitanes via direct condensation is challenging. The selection of starting ammonia derivatives is very limited. The important step in developing alternative synthetic routes to these compounds is a detailed study on their formation process. Here, we explored an acid-catalyzed condensation between 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide and glyoxal in aqueous H2SO4, aqueous acetonitrile and acetone, and established some new processes hindering the condensation. In particular, an irreversible rearrangement of the condensation intermediate was found to proceed and be accompanied by the 1,2-hydride shift and by the formation of symmetric disulfanes and sulfanes. It has been shown for the first time that aldehydes may act as a reducing agent when disulfanes are generated from aromatic sulfonamides, as is experimentally proved. The condensation between 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide and formaldehyde resulted in 1,3,5-tris((4-(tert-butyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl)sulfonyl)-1,3,5-triazinane. It was examined if diimine could be synthesized from 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide and glyoxal by the most common synthetic procedures for structurally similar imines. It has been discovered for the first time that the Friedel–Crafts reaction takes place between sulfonamide and the aromatic compound. A new synthetic strategy has been suggested herein that can reduce the stages in the synthesis of in-demand organic compounds of symmetric and asymmetric aromatic sulfones via the Brønsted acid-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reaction, starting from aromatic sulfonamides and arenes activated towards an electrophilic attack.
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8

Fairhurst, Magnus, Muhammad Zeeshan, Bengt Haug, and Annette Bayer. "Aldol Condensations on a 3-Alkylidene-2,5-diketopiperazine: Synthesis of Two Marine Natural Products." Synlett 29, no. 10 (January 30, 2018): 1303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591755.

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The synthesis of two marine natural products containing a 3-alkylidene-6-arylidene-2,5-diketopiperazine scaffold by employing two consecutive aldol condensations starting with 1,4-diacetyl-2,5-diketopiperazine is reported. The target compounds contain a phenol or an imidazole group as aryl substituents, respectively, and suitable conditions for the aldol condensation of 1-acyl-3-alkylidene-2,5-diketopiperazine with the required functionalised aromatic aldehydes were developed. Provided the optimal base was used, introduction of the phenol group did not require use of a protecting group. Boc-protection was beneficial for introduction of the imidazole group, and conditions for carrying out the aldol condensation and Boc-deprotection in one step were identified. The stereochemistry of the target compounds was confirmed by NMR analysis.
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9

Badiger, Krishnappa B., and Kantharaju Kamanna. "Knoevenagel condensation reaction catalysed by agro-waste extract as a greener solvent catalyst." Organic Communications 14, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25135/acg.oc.99.21.01.1948.

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This paper present a novel Knoevenagel reaction protocol for the condensation of aromatic/heteroaromatic aldehydes with malononitrile to give α, β–unsaturated benzylidene derivatives. The main focus of this work is to reveal the usability of agro-waste extracts as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation. The present protocol proceeds efficiently for various substituted aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes in the Knoevenagel reactions. In addition, the present method describes direct isolation of the formed products without using organic solvent extraction gave good yields product.
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10

Chang, Guan Jun, Lin Zhang, and Run Xiong Lin. "Synthesis of Poly(Aryl Sulfone Benzimidazole) Sulfone." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1867–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1867.

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Sulfoned aromatic acid and o-phenylenediamine as the monomers, sulfoned-benzimidazole was obtained by condensation reaction. Poly(aryl sulfone benzimidazole) sulfone (PSBIS) as novel heat-resistant polymer was obtained by the condensation polymerization via Palladium-catalyzed aryl amination reaction of sulfoned-benzimidazole and aromatic dibromide. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal analysis (TG) measurements showed that the polymer synthesized possessed high glass transition temperature (Tg>321°C), good thermal stability with high decomposition temperature (TD>540°C) and good solubility.
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11

Popov-Pergal, Katarina, and Miroslav Pergal. "Base Catalyzed Condensation of Thiobarbituric Acid with Some Aromatic Aldehydes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 5 (1992): 1153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921153.

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In this paper the base catalyzed condensation reaction of 2-thiobarbituric acid with some aromatic aldehydes resulting in the formation of 5-arylidene-2-thiobarbituric acids is described. The condensation reaction of 2-thiobarbituric acid was carried out with 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 4-ethoxybenzaldehyde, 4-benzyloxybenzaldehyde, and 1-naphthaldehyde using morpholine as a catalyst.
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12

Datta, Arup. "Bismuth (III) Triflate: A Mild, Efficient Promoter for the Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes through Knoevenagel Condensation." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 36, no. 05 (October 25, 2020): 843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/360507.

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In this work, smooth efficient and eco-friendly two component coupling method is reported for the synthesis of Knoevenagel Condensation product in presence of Bi(OTf)3 catalyst under solvent free condition. Catalyst has participated in condensation between substituted aldehydes (aromatic and hetero-aromatic) and active methylene compounds (ethyl cyanoacetate, malononitrile and cyanoacetamide) effectively to generate an excellent yield of the product. Bi(OTf)3 catalyst is stable, inexpensive and easily available was used for four times in this reaction without loss of catalytic activity.
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13

Gavilan Marin, Lisseth, Salma Bejaoui, Gregory Gate, Michael Haggmark, Nathan Svadlenak, Mattanjah de Vries, Ella Sciamma-O’Brien, and Farid Salama. "Low-temperature condensation of carbonaceous dust grains from PAHs." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S350 (April 2019): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131900646x.

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AbstractInterstellar carbon has been detected in both gas-phase molecules and solid particles. The goal of this study is to identify the link between these two phases of cosmic carbon. Here we report preliminary results on the low temperature formation of carbonaceous dust grains from gas-phase aromatic hydrocarbon precursors. This is done using the supersonic expansion of an argon jet seeded with aromatic molecules and exposed to an electrical discharge. We report experimental evidence of efficient carbon dust condensation from aromatic molecules including benzene and naphthalene. The molecular content of the solid grains is probed with laser desorption mass spectrometry. The mass spectra reveal a rich molecular composition including fragments of the parent molecule but also growth into larger molecular species.
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14

Abdel-Latif, Nehad A. "Synthesis and Antidepressant Activity of Some New Coumarin Derivatives." Scientia Pharmaceutica 73, no. 4 (December 30, 2005): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-05-15.

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The coumarin-3-cinnamoyl derivatives 2a-d were prepared via Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 3-acetylcoumarin 1 with different aromatic aldehydes. Cycloaddition reaction of 2b,e with guanidine and thiourea yielded the corresponding aminopyrmimidine 3a,b and thioxypyrimidine derivatives 4a,b, respectively. Compounds 4a,b were condensed with chloroacetic acid or 3-bromopropionic acid to yield coumarin 3-thiazolo-pyrimidine 5a,b and thiazinopyrimidine 6a,b derivatives, respectively. Compounds 4a,b were condensed with chloroacetic acid and aromatic aldehyde to yield the aryl methylene derivatives 7a,b which could be prepared directly by condensation of compounds 5a,b with aromatic aldehydes. Compounds 2a-e were condensed with malononitrile or ethyl cyano acetate in presence of ammonium acetate to yield cyanopyridine 8a,b and cyanopyridone 9a-d derivatives, respectively, which were prepared by condensation of 3-acetylcoumarin 1, malononitrile or ethylcyanoacetate and aromatic aldehydes in presence of ammonium acetate. Condensation of compounds 2a,b,e with o-phenylenediamine in refluxing ethanol led to the formation of 10a-c as intermediate, followed by cleavage by thermolysis to benzimidazole derivative 11 along with compounds 12a-c as mixture, which were obtained directly by fusion of a,&unsaturated ketones 2 with ophenylene diamine at 200-220°C, while compound 11 could be prepared in pure form by fusion of 1 with o-phenylene diamine at the same temperature. The pharmacological screening showed that many of these obtained compounds have good antidepressant activity comparable to Tranylcypromine® as reference drugs.
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15

Medien, H. A. A. "Kinetic Studies of Condensation of Aromatic Aldehydes with Meldrum’s Acid." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 57, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 1320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2002-1119.

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The condensation reaction of Meldrum’s acid with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a catalyst has been investigated spectrophotometrically at 25-50 °C. The reaction follows overall second order kinetics, first order in each of the reactants. Electron-withdrawing groups accelerate and electron-releasing groups retard the rate of condensation. From the dependence of the rate constants on temperature, the activation parameters have been calculated and also the isokinetic temperature with a value of 403.5 K. Based on this reaction, determination of eight aromatic aldehydes in a concentration range of 1.49 - 91 μg/ml is proposed. On the other hand, determination of some aromatic aldehydes with Meldrum’s acid is performed in water at 75 °C for 2 h, without adding any catalyst.
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16

Green, James R., Babajide I. Alo, Marek Majewski, and Victor Snieckus. "γ-Silylated α,β-unsaturated amides — Preparation by [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement and use as masked dienolate equivalents in carbonyl condensations." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 6 (June 2009): 745–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-054.

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The reaction of lithium dienolates derived from N,N-dialkylsenecioamides (1a–1c) with triorganosilyl electrophiles occurs initially at the oxygen atom predominantly, and is followed by an O → C silicon migration to afford the γ-silylated senecioamides (4a–4h). The γ-silylated senecioamide Z-4a undergoes fluoride-ion-mediated condensations with aromatic aldehydes to give kinetic α-(6) and thermodynamic γ-(5) condensation product patterns comparable to lithium dienolates. The TiCl4-mediated reactions with aldehydes gives α-products (6) in a highly syn-selective manner. Possible transition-state models for the syn-selective condensations are discussed and a chair-like transition state featuring bidentate coordination to titanium (11) is proposed.
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17

Li, Ming, Yadong Zhang, Shitao Yu, Congxia Xie, Dong Liu, Shiwei Liu, Ruiyang Zhao, and Bing Bian. "Preparation and characterization of petroleum-based mesophase pitch by thermal condensation with in-process hydrogenation." RSC Advances 8, no. 53 (2018): 30230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra04679d.

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18

Lan, Wu, and Jeremy S. Luterbacher. "Preventing Lignin Condensation to Facilitate Aromatic Monomer Production." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, no. 7 (August 21, 2019): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.591.

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19

Selvaraj, S., A. Dhanabalan, S. Perumal, and N. Arumugam. "CONDENSATION OF SOME AROMATIC ALDEHYDES WITH DIMETHYL SULFONE." Phosphorus and Sulfur and the Related Elements 39, no. 3-4 (October 1988): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086648808072878.

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20

Nakamura, Asumaru. "Application of aromatic condensation polymers for membrane materials." Kobunshi 35, no. 12 (1986): 1078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.35.1078.

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21

Wiedemeier, Daniel B., Samuel Abiven, William C. Hockaday, Marco Keiluweit, Markus Kleber, Caroline A. Masiello, Anna V. McBeath, et al. "Aromaticity and degree of aromatic condensation of char." Organic Geochemistry 78 (January 2015): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.10.002.

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22

McNulty, James, Jennifer A. Steere, and Sonja Wolf. "The ultrasound promoted Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes." Tetrahedron Letters 39, no. 44 (October 1998): 8013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01789-4.

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23

Komorek, Joanna. "Internal Structure of Vitrinite and Sporinite in the View of Micro-FTIR Spectroscopy Using the Example of Coal from the Seam 405 of the Upper-Silesian Coal Basin (USCB)." Archives of Mining Sciences 61, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 729–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2016-0050.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the internal structure of vitrinite and sporinite obtained from coal from the seam 405. The examinations were performed with the use of infrared spectroscopy in the micro-area (micro-FTIR). Studies have shown that vitrinite is characterized by lower content of aliphatic components and greater content of aromatic components than sporinite. Sporinite is characterized by longer and less branched aliphatic chains than vitrinite. It was found that vitrinite internal structure is characterized by a greater relative content of aromatic than aliphatic components. The degree of condensation of aromatic rings in structure of vitrinite increases, when the coal rank rises. Studies have shown that the transformation of the vitrinite internal structure towards a structure characterized by a greater degree condensation of aromatic components proceeds at the cost of restructuring the aliphatic groups and is related to the restructuring of the aromatic systems. The structure of sporinite is characterized by a greater participation of aliphatic bonds as compared to aromatic bonds. The relative content of the aliphatic components decreases together with increase of aromatic hydrogen functional group CHar content in the internal structure of sporinite when the coal rank rises. The aliphatic bonds in the sporinite are subject to restructuring. The aliphatic chains are getting increasingly shorter.
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24

Ibrahim, Mohamed N., and Salah E. A. Sharif. "Synthesis, Characterization and Use of Schiff Bases as Fluorimetric Analytical Reagents." E-Journal of Chemistry 4, no. 4 (2007): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/191805.

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Many Schiff bases were prepared by condensation reaction of certain aromatic amines with aromatic aldehydes derivatives, then the fluorescence properties of these Schiff bases were examined in acidic and basic media. It shows that, these compounds can be used for spectrofluorimetric monitoring of small pH changes.
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25

Sun, Yawei, Qiuyan Wang, Shuying Zhang, Hao Li, Jinli Zhang, Daqing Li, and Wei Li. "Synthesis of aromatic-doped polycaprolactone with tunable degradation behavior." Polymer Chemistry 9, no. 28 (2018): 3931–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8py00374b.

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A novel aromatic-doped polycaprolactone (Aro-PCL) material was synthesized through a facile PCL aminolysis-condensation polymerization incorporating the aromatic moiety to PCL chain and assessed by focusing on the dynamic aggregation and crystalline microdomains associated with the in vitro degradation properties, mechanical performance and biocompatibility.
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26

Lei, Min, Lei Ma, and Lihong Hu. "VB1–Al2O3-catalyzed one-pot condensation of aromatic ketone, aromatic aldehyde, and amide." Tetrahedron Letters 51, no. 36 (September 2010): 4746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.07.008.

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27

Ibrahim, Mohamed N., and Salaheddin A. I. Sharif. "Synthesis, Characterization and Use of Schiff Bases as Fluorimetric Analytical Reagents (Part II)." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 1 (2011): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/821616.

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Many Schiff bases were prepared by condensation reaction of certain aromatic amines with aromatic aldehydes derivatives and then the fluorescence properties of these Schiff bases were examined in acidic and basic media. It is shown that these compounds can be used for fluorimetric monitoring of small pH changes.
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28

Nguyen, T. B., L. Ermolenko, and A. Al-Mourabit. "Redox condensation of o-halonitrobenzene with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline: involvement of an unexpected auto-catalyzed redox cascade." Chemical Communications 52, no. 27 (2016): 4914–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc01436d.

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29

Dubey, Rahul, Vinay K. Singh, Laxmi Kant Sharma, Abhishek Upadhyay, Narendra Kumar, and Rana Krishna Pal Singh. "A convenient electro-catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of 4H-thiopyran derivatives." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 16 (2017): 7836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj01211j.

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30

Baum, James Clayton, Jimat Bolhassan, Richard Francis Langler, Paul Joseph Pujol, and Raj Kumar Raheja. "Sulfonyl esters. 2. CS cleavage in some substitution reactions of nitrobenzenesulfonates." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 8 (August 1, 1990): 1450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-222.

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An attempt to explore aromatic sulfonate esters as agents for the condensation of alcohols with mercaptans revealed an unusual process for sulfonate esters: CS bond rupture. Two mechanistic possibilities for CS bond rupture are explored: (i) radical anion intermediacy via single electron transfer and (ii) nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Both experiments and molecular orbital computations are presented to support the conclusion that nucleophilic aromatic substitutions are occurring. Keywords: sulfonyl esters, nitrobenzenesulfonates, CS bond rupture.
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31

Raunio, J., J. Mannoja, T. Nguyen, N. Ahmad, N. M. Kemppainen, R. G. Franzén, M. Kandhavelu, and N. R. Candeias. "Base catalysed N-functionalisation of boroxazolidones." RSC Advances 7, no. 33 (2017): 20620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra03266h.

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32

Coen, Serge, Laurence Martinet-Reboul, and Alain Périchaud. "Synthesis of Polyfunctional Aromatic Imines with Zwitterionic Character." Journal of Chemical Research 23, no. 10 (October 1999): 592–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174751989902301003.

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Polyfunctional aromatic imines with a zwitterionic character involving sulfonic acid and N,N-dimethylamino functionalities are synthesized by oxidative condensation of 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (Cleve's β-acid) and N,N-dimethyl- p-phenylenediamine.
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33

Iranpoor, N., B. Zeynizadeh, and A. Aghapour. "Aldol Condensation of Cycloalkanones with Aromatic Aldehydes Catalysed with TiCl3(SO3CF3)." Journal of Chemical Research 23, no. 9 (September 1999): 554–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174751989902300918.

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34

Yi, Fengping, Yanqing Peng, Gonghua Song, and Jizong Li. "Solid Phase Synthesis of Aminochalcones." Journal of Chemical Research 2005, no. 5 (May 2005): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/0308234054323931.

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35

Endud, Salasiah Binti, and Nadirah Zawani Binti Mohd Nesfu. "Bimetallic Basic Catalyst Comprising Niobium and Cesium Supported on MCM-48 for the Claisen-Schmidt Condensation." Advanced Materials Research 545 (July 2012): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.545.379.

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The Claisen–Schmidt condensations stand out to be important reaction in carbon–carbon bond formation as well as in the preparation of fine chemicals and intermediates with the presence of base catalyst such as NaOH. However, only few studies concern the synthesis and catalytic activity of mesoporous silica containing bimetallic compound as catalyst for aldol condensation of bulky aldehydes. The advantages of mesoporous systems with respect to zeolites are the improved reactant accessibility to the active sites and enhanced catalyst stability. Mesoporous silica with exceedingly high surface area (> 800 m2/g) and very high concentration of surface silanol groups fulfill most of the criteria for catalyst support. In this contribution, we report on the incorporation of Nb and Cs, alone or together, into the mesoporous silica with cubic mesostructure and the investigation of their catalytic properties in the Claisen-Schmidt condensation of acetophenone with benzaldehyde to produce chalcone, an aromatic ketone that forms the active sites for important biological compounds with antibacterial activities.
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36

Sachar, Anand, Poonam Gupta, Shallu Gupta, and R. L. Sharma. "A novel approach towards the synthesis of tricyclic systems based on pyridine, pyran, thiopyran, azepine, oxepin, thiepin, and pyrimidine rings under different solvent conditions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 88, no. 5 (May 2010): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v10-015.

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37

Rubinov, D. B., T. A. Zheldakova, R. A. Zheldakova, I. L. Rubinova, A. V. Baranovski, and F. A. Lakhvich. "Condensation of 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones with aromatic aldehydes." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 82, no. 1 (January 2012): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363212010203.

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38

Kozlov, N. G., and A. B. Tereshko. "Condensation of 5-quinolylamine with aromatic aldehydes and dimedone." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 53, no. 5 (May 2017): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428017050074.

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39

Rusanov, Aleksandr L., D. Yu Likhatchev, and K. Müllen. "Proton-conducting electrolyte membranes based on aromatic condensation polymers." Russian Chemical Reviews 71, no. 9 (September 30, 2002): 761–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc2002v071n09abeh000740.

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40

McBeath, Anna V., and Ronald J. Smernik. "Variation in the degree of aromatic condensation of chars." Organic Geochemistry 40, no. 12 (December 2009): 1161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.09.006.

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41

Letunov, V. I., and N. P. Soldatova. "Co-condensation of 2-aminopyridine, aromatic aldehydes, and ketones." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 23, no. 8 (August 1987): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00473459.

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42

Gordon, Neil J., and Slayton A. Evans. "Diastereoselective condensation of oxazaphosphites with aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes." Journal of Organic Chemistry 58, no. 20 (September 1993): 5293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00072a002.

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43

Rakhimov, A. I., and I. E. Kryukov. "ChemInform Abstract: Condensation of 1,3,6-Trimethyluracil with Aromatic Aldehydes." ChemInform 32, no. 4 (January 23, 2001): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200104076.

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44

Dumbre, Deepa, Mohammad Hassan Amin, Qing Loh, Vasant R. Choudahry, P. R. Selvakannan, and Suresh K. Bhargava. "Nanocrystalline FeOClx grafted MCM-41 as active mesoporous catalyst for the solvent-free multi-condensation reaction." RSC Advances 6, no. 73 (2016): 69334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14736d.

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Multi-component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, napthols, urea (or amides) catalytically converted into medicinally important amidoalkylnapthols using the thermally activated FeC13/MCM-41 catalyst.
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45

Cui, Wenlong, Chenze Zhao, Qingqing Zhu, and Cheli Wang. "Characterization of Sulfides in Atmospheric Residue Fractions Using Selective Oxidation Followed by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 10, 2022): 9361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249361.

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An improved analytical method was developed for identifying sulfide compounds from aromatic fractions in Lungu atmospheric residue (LGAR). Sulfides in residue aromatics were selectively oxidized into sulfoxides using tetrabutyl ammonium periodate (TBAP) and identified by positive-ion Electrospray Ionization Source (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Results showed that sulfides with lower polarity in LGAR aromatics could effectively ionize in ESI using this approach. Additionally, the oxidized sulfides were mainly S1 and S2 class species. The most abundant oxidation-generated sulfoxides O1S1 and O1S2 in LGAR aromatics had DBE values of 3~10 and 8~12, respectively. The S2 class species, whose condensation degree was higher than that of S1, were likely in the form of containing both cyclic sulfides and thiophenic compounds.
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46

Yadav, J. S., B. V. Subba Reddy, K. Premalatha, and K. Shiva Shankar. "Bismuth(III)-catalyzed rapid and highly efficient synthesis of 2-aryl-1-arylmethyl-1H-benzimidazoles in water." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 86, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-140.

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2-Aryl-1-arylmethyl-1H-benzimidazoles are prepared in high yields under extremely mild conditions via the condensation of aryl-1,2-diamines with aromatic aldehydes using 10 mol% of bismuth triflate in water. The use of water and readily available bismuth triflate makes this process quite simple, more convenient, and environment-friendly.Key words: aryl-1,2-diamines, aromatic aldehydes, bismuth catalysis, benzimidazoles.
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47

Bandgar, Babasaheb P., Balaji L. Korbad, Sachin A. Patil, Sunita B. Bandgar, Hemant V. Chavan, and Baliram S. Hote. "Uncatalyzed Knoevenagel Condensation in PEG-600 at Room Temperature." Australian Journal of Chemistry 61, no. 9 (2008): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch08106.

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A rapid, efficient, and ecofriendly protocol has been developed for the Knoevenagel condensation of active methylene compounds with aromatic, aliphatic, conjugated and heteroaromatic aldehydes in polyethylene glycol-600 (PEG-600) with good to excellent yields.
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48

Li, Ming, Dong Liu, Bin Lou, Yadong Zhang, Shitao Yu, and Jnuwei Ding. "Hydroalkylation modification of naphthene-based aromatic-rich fraction and its influences on mesophase development." RSC Advances 8, no. 7 (2018): 3750–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra12619k.

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Naphthene-based aromatic-rich fraction was modified by tetrahydronaphthalene and polyethylene glycol to obtain modified materials which were selected to prepare mesophase pitches by a direct condensation method.
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49

Diksha, Devi, and Kumar Naresh. "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN KNOEVENAGEL CONDENSATION REACTION: A REVIEW." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 05 (June 30, 2022): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213502.

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Knoevenagel condensation reaction is a basic reaction of organic chemistry employed for the construction of C-C double bonds from aromatic carbonyl compounds specially aldehydes or ketones with active methylenes materials using different catalysts and also employed for the total synthesis of natural products, fine chemicals, pharmaceutical products, functional polymers and various important drug intermediates. In this article we discuss some recent developments to catalyze the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of different reactant in different catalytic environment, under different reaction conditions and comparative study of activity of some literate reported catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Certainly this review will provide a great help to researchers for the new developments in the field of Knoevenagel condensation.
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50

Surya Prakash Rao, H., and A. Parthiban. "One-pot pseudo three-component reaction of nitroketene-N,S-acetals and aldehydes for synthesis of highly functionalized hexa-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 32 (2014): 6223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob00628c.

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Pseudo three-component condensation of aliphatic/aromatic/α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and nitroketene-N,S-acetals to afford diversely functionalized hexa-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines under 2-aminopyridine catalysis was achieved.
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