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Academic literature on the topic 'Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Zoologie'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Zoologie"
Pellegrin, Pierre. "Biologie et politique chez Aristote." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010517.
Full textGuremen, Refik. "L'homme, le plus politique des animaux : essai sur les "Politiques" d'Aristote, livre I, chapitre 2." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010678.
Full textThis dissertation is dedicated to an exclusive study of Aristotle's "Politics", I, 2. It aims at analyzing Aristotle's affirmation that human beings are more political than the other political animals (Pol., I, 1, 1253a7-9). According to the most widely shared views about Aristotle's argument here, human beings would be more political either because they are rational, or because they have a natural capacity for speech or because they are perceptive about questions of morality. According to the idea defended in this study, although these exclusively human features are not impertinent to the specific form that human beings' political life takes, human beings' higher degree of politicalness cannot be explained on the basis of them. After a detailed examination of certain difficulties and shortcomings in contemporary commentaries on Politics, l, 2, we develop the thesis that according to Aristotle, the human being is more political because it is a gregarious animal of multiple communities. For Aristotle, human beings develop this multiplicity of communities for the sake of self-sufficiency. In order to show that this thesis is in conformity with Aristotle's other main idea that the polis exists for the sake of living-well, we demonstrate that elements of a different conception of living-well, based more on human being's animality than its rnorality, are present in Aristotle’s work. Aristotle's affirmation that the polis exists for the sake of living-well must be understood in this rather zoological sense of living-well
Zucker, Arnaud. "Classes zoologiques et modes de classement des animaux en Grèce d'Homère à Elien." Paris, EPHE, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPHE0009.
Full textThis work deals with the Greek zoological classes and the classification criteria which are used, implicitly or explicitly, in Greek literature from homer to Aelian, in technical and methodical texts as well as in non zoological texts. This thesis is divided into three main parts: the first one consists of a thematic and encyclopaedic lexicon of all the zoological supra-generic categories which are named in the Greek language. The second part proposes and historical analysis of the various clusters of animals appearing in the texts before Aristotle, in the Aristotelian corpus, and after Aristotle, and is mainly focused on the classifications mentioned and used in the biological treatises of the stagirit. The third part emphasizes the concordance and the differences between the theoretical classifications and the folk taxonomy of animals. This study reveal, beyond the permanence of the classification criteria (physical, topographical, morphological), the diversity of the classification glossary. There is not only a lack of taxonomic purpose but clearly an absence of a single and conventional classification scheme. Moreover, the choice of the zoological categories is always dependent of the objective outlook of the authors and is relative to their own theoretical field. Closely connected to the process of qualification of the animal species, and to the formalization of the zoological knowledge, the classification activity does never overlook the inter-specific differences which are, indeed, the central interest of the Greek zoology
Angelis, Nicolas K. "L'être et la justice chez Aristote." Paris 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA020008.
Full textThe being and the justice in accordance with aristotle are examined under the angle of the relationship existing between the knowing subject (man) and the object of knowledge. The knowledge enables the knowing subject to appropriate the qualities of its object and is divided in theory and in practice, in proportion to whether it refers to the universe or the man respectively. Thus the word being means either the universe or the human society. The universe is a total within which are included certain being, i. E. , the substances: god, substances of the heaven (planets) and natural substances (natural bodies). The component elements of the natural substances are the passive material and the active form the cause of the change and movement. The justice refers to the human political society. The unit of social relationships constitutes the particular object of justice. The relationship of governorgoverned is the object of distributive political science. In accordance with aristotle the governing of the state must be committed to the best citizen. The financial relationships and the distribution of wealth is the object of corrective justice
Brague, Rémi. "Aristote et la question du monde." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040002.
Full textSome aspects of aristotle's metaphysics, physics, ethics and psychology can be accounted for as dim echoes of a concept a. Never dealt with thematically : being-in-theworld (heidegger's in-der-welt-sein). Classical greek though as a whole, although it was fascinated by the orderliness of the cosmos, hardly asked what being-in-the world means (ch. 1). The experience of facticity, which is one of its main features, enables a. To justify philosophical life in the protrepticus, but he conceives of this life as focussing on contemplation, i. E. Access to what emphatically is (ch. 2). A. Never got rid of this ambiguity, which arises from such a transposition : his ethics bear witness of his hesitating between two subjects of moral life : the i whom it behoves to act, because of his uniqueness, gives way to man as defined by his place among other parts of the universe (ch. 3 & 4). A. Therefore has to define man as the worldliest of all sublunar beings : he imitates the universe thanks to his universality and because he can grasp the highest beings (ch. 5). Nevertheless, a. Cannot define topos - the place in which things are - without his referring to our paculiar way of being there, although he later brings back the idea of universe through his theory of the dimensions of human body as rooted in the objective structure of the cosmos (ch. 6). The difficulties in a. "s definition of the soul as well as in his doctrine of the active intellect stem from his attempt at translating what he silently conceives of as the vey openness of the world through our presence, into the optics of worddly realitywhat compels him to reduce soul to consciousness of what takes place among things of the world. (ch. 7). A. Conceives the universe in a way which leads him to dis- card specifically human motion on behalf of the heavenly beings' absolute continuity. However, the first mover's self-contemplation mirrors the unresolved ambiguity of hu- man energeia : both the pure act of being there and the activity of contemplating the highest being coalesce in it (ch. 8). However, a. 's central ontological concept, en- ergeia, cannot be defined apart from the experience of our being there (ch. 9)
Châteauvieux, Marie de. "Justice et amitié selon Aristote." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040100.
Full textBégorre-Bret, Cyrille. "Aristote et la définition de l'homme." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100167.
Full textScholars usually think that Aristode makes a de finition of man. But they don't analyze the different phrases made by Aristode on man through his own conception of de finition. Definition is a very specific kind of sentence which offers the most fondamental scientific knowledge about a being. It must comply certain characteristics. It must in particular be universal, i. E. Hold for ail the deftniendum. But if one tries to collect, compare and scrutinize these different formulas, one can unexpectedly see that none of them can be considered as the definition of man by the Philosopher. The famous phrases describing men as politicaI or rationaI animaIs can't be definitionnal in Aristode's view because they don't fit his own definitional standards: they don't show a characterist universally owned by men and by men only. Aristode's conception of man is not aimed at deflning him but at describing his naturaI features or at showing his dignity
Murgier, Charlotte. "Recherches sur le platonisme d'Aristote et ses limites en philosophie pratique." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30052.
Full textThis dissertation challenges the view that the question of Aristotle's relationship to Platonism has been settled, being reduced either to a strong opposition to the theory of Ideas or, following the developmental account, to a progressive departure from platonic views. The notion of Aristotle as a close reader of Plato proves far more enlightening : being problematical rather than doctrinal, his Platonism inherits aporiai rather than claims. This approach gives greater intelligibility to the main concepts of Aristotelian ethics (pleasure, happiness, friendship, phronesis) the genesis of which is indebted to the questions raised in the Dialogues. Furthermore, it enables us to grasp the thread that runs through Aristotle's confrontation with Platonic ethics. Far from being reductible to a simple dismissial of the metaphysics of Ideas, his criticism proceeds more positively, attempting to go beyond the limits of the Platonic account of action, wether they be manifested in the aporiai of friendship or practical knowledge, or in the ethical and ontological condemnation of pleasure, tragedy or democracy. By giving pleasure its dignity and status in the happy life, by accounting for the role of friendship in the virtuous life and by rethinking the kind of knowledge required for acting. Aristotle gives sense and consistency to the various aspects of our practical life. His debate with Platonism enables us to understand how action gives shape to an agent, in that it allows him to fulfil himself. Thus, it elucidates the simple and singular fact that justifies the human need of ethics, namely that a human being has to act in order to be
Jaulin, Annick. "Genre, genèse et génération : de l'ousia prôtè chez Aristote." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010529.
Full textLefebvre, René. "La ressemblance chez Aristote." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040115.
Full textIt seems that the place of likeness is less important in Aristotle than in Plato and pre-Socratic philosophy: paradigmatism, cratylism, presocratic dynamics or fascination for pseudos and eidola are dead. However, even while breaking, Aristotle goes on speaking of the resemblance of the opposites, and of the likeness of forms in the perceived thing and the perceiving mind. More, he makes likeness become a semantic theme of henology, and lets it go on trying to unify the world, qua analogy in horizontality, and vertical mimesis in cosmo-theology. Dialectic considers it as an indispensable organon of definition, induction and hypothetical reasoning. Thoughts are called homoiomata, and Aristotle discovers phantasia. Contra Plato, he understands what is valuable in poetical mimesis. As a biologist, he stresses upon the resemblance between parents and children, because he considers that reproduction is the perpetuation of a type