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Academic literature on the topic 'Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Influence'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Influence"
Brague, Rémi. "Aristote et la question du monde." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040002.
Full textSome aspects of aristotle's metaphysics, physics, ethics and psychology can be accounted for as dim echoes of a concept a. Never dealt with thematically : being-in-theworld (heidegger's in-der-welt-sein). Classical greek though as a whole, although it was fascinated by the orderliness of the cosmos, hardly asked what being-in-the world means (ch. 1). The experience of facticity, which is one of its main features, enables a. To justify philosophical life in the protrepticus, but he conceives of this life as focussing on contemplation, i. E. Access to what emphatically is (ch. 2). A. Never got rid of this ambiguity, which arises from such a transposition : his ethics bear witness of his hesitating between two subjects of moral life : the i whom it behoves to act, because of his uniqueness, gives way to man as defined by his place among other parts of the universe (ch. 3 & 4). A. Therefore has to define man as the worldliest of all sublunar beings : he imitates the universe thanks to his universality and because he can grasp the highest beings (ch. 5). Nevertheless, a. Cannot define topos - the place in which things are - without his referring to our paculiar way of being there, although he later brings back the idea of universe through his theory of the dimensions of human body as rooted in the objective structure of the cosmos (ch. 6). The difficulties in a. "s definition of the soul as well as in his doctrine of the active intellect stem from his attempt at translating what he silently conceives of as the vey openness of the world through our presence, into the optics of worddly realitywhat compels him to reduce soul to consciousness of what takes place among things of the world. (ch. 7). A. Conceives the universe in a way which leads him to dis- card specifically human motion on behalf of the heavenly beings' absolute continuity. However, the first mover's self-contemplation mirrors the unresolved ambiguity of hu- man energeia : both the pure act of being there and the activity of contemplating the highest being coalesce in it (ch. 8). However, a. 's central ontological concept, en- ergeia, cannot be defined apart from the experience of our being there (ch. 9)
Viano, Cristina. "Héraclite dans Aristote." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040138.
Full textThe subject of this research is heraclitus' aristotelician source. The conceptual schemas through which aristotle exposes the ephesian's doctrine consist of two main themes one can also find in plato : being and becoming. Heraclitus is an ancient physiologist and according to him fire is the material cause and the arche (the principe of all beings). The choice of fire seems to distinguish him as "the most coherent" with monist vision of reality. In fact aristotle says that caracteristics of fire are extreme and belont more to form than to matter. Continuously all things have their origin in fire and come back to him. This becoming looks like a river stream. The only "persisting" thing is fire. Heraclitus' knowledge and ethics are in his physiology of fire. The resulting image is a total thought without qualitative breaks. Aristotle offen alludes to the heracliteans' mediation, of whose cratylus is the most representative. Heraclitismus appears as a theoretical involution : cratylus forgets ontological element of arche and makes absolue the river's speed and renonces to knowledge and to words. Heraclitus' sceptical interpretation begins in aristotle's source. The doctrine of becoming follows an ideal line which begins in poetical past, reaches his hight speculative level in heraclitus, and falls into decline with heracliteans' agnosticism, the echos of whose will get to sceptics
Zhu, Weijia. "La diffusion et l'influence de la philosophie d'Aristote en Chine à partir des dynasties Ming et Qing." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0014.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China
Girard, Charles. "Le réalisme des relations : étude des réponses apportées au problème de la différence entre la relation et son fondement (1250-1350)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040047.
Full textWhether relation is really distinct from its foundation or not is a question that can easily be found in medieval texts from the mid-thirteenth century onwards. It comes from an aristotelian background, the discussion about the categories, and asks if the category of relation really posits another thing, i.e. a relation, in reality. It results from a realist perspective on relations. In fact, most thirteenth and fourteenth century thinkers held without doubt that things outside the mind are really connected between them. Two men sharing the same height are really equal, that is, really linked to each other by a relation of equality. What is then left to understand is how these things are linked between them, or the exact nature of the aforementioned relation. Should we say that the equality in each of the equally sized men is a new thing that adds to the substance of each of them and to the accidents of height, belonging tho the category of quantity, on which these relations are founded? Or should we say that equality is real in another way, that is, without adding a new thing to the subject acquiring it? We can already find this issue in Aristotle himself, emerging from disagreeing texts devoted to this category. It received various answers that enable us to understand better how reality was defined in the Middle Age and some of the ontological debates of the time. The work that is here summed up attempts to precisely delineate these various answers and to provide a way of classifying them
Manzini, Frédéric. "Spinoza : lecteur d'Aristote." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040157.
Full textVernier, Jean-Marie, and Albert le Grand. "Le Livre sur la nature et l'origine de l'âme d'Albert le Grand : introduction, traduction et notes, suivies de notes complémentaires et de traduction de lieux parallèles pris des Commentaires d'Albert sur la Métaphysique, Le traité de l'âme et la Physique d'Aristote." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040230.
Full textThe Albert the Great's book on nature and origin of the soul: introduction, translation and footnotes, followed by complementary notes and translation of paralell texts taken from Albert the Great's commentaries on Aristotle's Metaphysics, Treatise on the soul and Physics. Age : XIIIth century. Type : Treatise of natural philosophy (in an Aristotelian meaning). Author : Albert the Great (dominican and bishop, Doctor of the Church). Language : medieval latin. Themes : First Treatise : The Intellect's causality on the Nature, the natural being and gradual change; the generation and nature of the vegetative, sensitive and rational soul; the cognitive and motor faculties of the rational soul. Second Treatise : the separation and personal immortality of the soul, the state and the place of the separated soul according to the philosophers, the state of the soul after the death. Main authorities : Plato, Aristotle, Macrobius, Calcidius, Pseudo-Dionysius, Liber De Causis, Avicenna, Averrois. The introduction of this doctoral thesis shows the influence of this Albert's book on Dante (Convivio), Berthold von Moosburg, Guillaume de Vaurouillon, Marsile Ficin
Zhu, Weijia. "La diffusion et l'influence de la philosophie d'Aristote en Chine à partir des dynasties Ming et Qing." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0014.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China
Yokoyama, Yoshiji. "La grâce et l’art du comédien : conditions théoriques de l’exclusion de la danse et du chant dans le théâtre des Modernes." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100018.
Full textAfter the Renaissance a unique theatre genre gradually developed in certain modern societies (in particular in France) which excluded singing and dancing. The aim of my study is to clarify the motivations and significance of this exclusion through an analysis of the historical development of the notion of "grace", a central concept in the modern actor's art. In sociological terms, my conclusion is simple: an actor in modern theatre refrained from dancing and singing because his mode) was the Roman orator, not ancient Roman actors who sang and danced. The Roman notion of gratia represented the orator's body, which strived to be as far removed as possible from that of professionals of physical techniques. The ideology of Roman rhetoric made its way into the modern actor's art through theatrical practices that were carried out in the framework of a humanist education, "reviving" ancient theatre in a totally different form. The history of the idea is more complex, however. Whereas, in the Archaic Period, the notion of grace - kharis in Greek - represented the charm of dance and song, in the later Hellenistic Period it embodied the Aristotelian critique of the spectacular. Gratia in Roman rhetoric received this paradoxical history as its legacy. "Grace" to the moderns was based on the theatrical mode) of truth established by Aristotle. In this sense, modern theatre is a vector of the Aristotelian morphology of the truth: the truth is told when the body remains Bilent
El, Hachimi Lucile. "Métaphysique et perfection : l’articulation fārābīenne du théorique et du pratique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL111.
Full textThis PhD thesis is a study of the thought of al-Fārābī, the first of the main Aristotelian Arabic philosophers, and presents it as a systematic philosophy of realisation. Starting with the problematic crux of the articulation between the theoretical and the practical, it questions the totalizing unification that characterizes the “Second Master’s” work. Our hypothesis is that this realisation, both in its intensive form as completion and its extensive form as integration, takes place through a redefinition of two (neo-)Aristotelian concepts: metaphysics and perfection. These two notions, that al-Fārābī transforms in order to offer answers to tensions proper to the Aristotelian positions, lead to an original philosophical system. The notion of fiṭra, which defines the Fārābīan human figure, is based on Alexander of Aphrodisias’ essentialist interpretation of perfection. It enables an elaboration of human nature as a disposition in the logic of substantialization. With this new concept, al-Fārābī inscribes a dynamic at the heart of the substance while rendering its completion essential. From this foundational step, he erects a genuine practical science built around the deliberative virtue and the rules it produces. This is only possible through major ontological transformations: thus the concept of thing appears, as well as the formal ontology it enables and the distinction between essence and existence which it presupposes. Through his substantialization, the philosopher offers everyone their realisation in the form of religion, so that his political action enables the architectonic integration of all existents, hence showing what it is to be a principle
Rua, Zarauza Begoña. "Ricoeur. L'historicité de la liberté." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0185.
Full textA wide preface opens this work, therefore, to explain Ricceur's major philosophical presuppositions about the question of freedom. 1) Chapters I and II are devoted to show the theoretical assumptions of Ricosur about freedom and 2) Chapters III, IV and V are the development and implementation of such presuppositions. Moreover, an important part of the work is built around what I consider as his three masterpieces: The Rule of Metaphor, Time and Narrative and Oneself as Another. Starting from the presuppositions treated on the preface and on chapters I and II, these works attain its unity in relation to historicity of freedom. It is thus concluded that it is not a matter of freedom restricted to its essential characteristics, but to the understanding of what freedom is in the world, among human works (namely the most important, the work's written such as laws, literature, history, holy books. . . ), and what it is in time. It is also understood the turning point of contemporary philosophy to hermeneutics, to textual hermeneutics in the case of Ricceur, and how convincing is that stories have a cognitive aspect completely legitimate. Finally, if there is an expression of Ricceur that evokes this issue in all its density is as follows: "Everything that is recounted occurs in time, takes time and unfolds temporally. " ("De l'lnterpretation" Du texte a Taction, Ed. Poche "Points-Essais, 377", Paris, Seuil, 1998)