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Journal articles on the topic 'Aristolochia acids'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Da Silva, Antonio Jorge Ribeiro, Maria Auxiliadora Coelho Kaplan, Celuta Sales Alviano, Daniela Sales Alviano Moreno, Davi Oliveira e. Silva, and Péricles Barreto Alves. "Determination of Aristolochic Acids I and II in Brazilian Sugar Cane Spirit Infusions “milhomem” Commonly used in Northeast Brazil as Popular Drinks." Revista Fitos 14, no. 01 (March 31, 2020): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32712/2446-4775.2020.808.

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Aristolochic acids (AA) are phytochemicals found in plants of the genus Aristolochia belonging to the family Aristolochiaceae. These compounds bear a nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acid skeleton and are reported to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic. Sugar cane spirit infusions containing Aristolochia species are commonly used in Brazil as popular drinks, in total absence of scientific information. The presence aristolochic acids was confirmed in samples collected in popular markets of the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. The aristolochic acids quantitative estimation was made in five samples of sugar cane spirit infusions obtained from different places of that city and were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The samples analyzed contained aristolochic acids I and II in concentrations ranging between 1.96 and 6.10 µg/ml for AA I and 2.22 and 11.55 µg/ml for AA II. The immediate banning of such popular drinks is recommended in view of the danger to ingest aristolochic acids, botanical products containing aristolochic acids or herbal products containing plants belonging to Aristolochiaceae family.

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2

Houghton, Peter J., and Muzaffer Ogutveren. "Aristolochic acids and aristolactams from Aristolochia auricularia." Phytochemistry 30, no. 1 (January 1991): 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84131-b.

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3

Zhang, Hong-Chi, Rui Liu, Zhi-peng An, Hui Li, Rui Zhang, and Feng Zhou. "Aristolactam-type alkaloids and aristolochic acids from Aristolochia moupinensis and Aristolochia cathcartii." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 65 (April 2016): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2016.02.028.

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4

Yun, Byeong Hwa, Viktoriya S. Sidorenko, Thomas A. Rosenquist, Kathleen G. Dickman, Arthur P. Grollman, and Robert J. Turesky. "New approaches for biomonitoring exposure to the human carcinogen aristolochic acid." Toxicology Research 4, no. 4 (2015): 763–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tx00052a.

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5

Al-Busafi, Saleh, Munir Al-Harthi, and Bushra Al-Sabahi. "Isolation of Aristolochic Acids from Aristolochia Bracteolata and Studies of their Antioxidant Activities." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 9 (June 1, 2004): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol9iss0pp19-23.

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The isolation and structural elucidation of aristolochic acid-A and aristolochic acid-D from Omani Aristolochia bracteolata plant is reported. Antioxidant activities of these two natural products were evaluated for their capacity to reduce Mo(VI) to Mo(V). The study revealed that aristolochic acid-D is more active than vitamin C while aristolochic acid-A has activity similar to vitamin C.

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6

Nascimento, Isabele R., and Lucia M. X. Lopes. "Diterpene esters of aristolochic acids from Aristolochia pubescens." Phytochemistry 63, no. 8 (August 2003): 953–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00335-2.

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7

Priestap, Horacio A. "Minor aristolochic acids from Aristolochia argentina and mass spectral analysis of aristolochic acids." Phytochemistry 26, no. 2 (January 28, 1987): 518–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)81447-8.

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8

Chan, Chi-Kong, Yushuo Liu, Nikola Pavlović, and Wan Chan. "Aristolochic Acids: Newly Identified Exposure Pathways of this Class of Environmental and Food-Borne Contaminants and its Potential Link to Chronic Kidney Diseases." Toxics 7, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7010014.

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Aristolochic acids (AAs) are nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acids naturally produced by Aristolochia plants. These plants were widely used to prepare herbal remedies until AAs were observed to be highly nephrotoxic and carcinogenic to humans. Although the use of AA-containing Aristolochia plants in herbal medicine is prohibited in countries worldwide, emerging evidence nevertheless has indicated that AAs are the causative agents of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), an environmentally derived disease threatening numerous residents of rural farming villages along the Danube River in countries of the Balkan Peninsula. This perspective updates recent findings on the identification of AAs in food as a result of the root uptake of free AAs released from the decayed seeds of Aristolochia clematitis L., in combination with their presence and fate in the environment. The potential link between AAs and the high prevalence of chronic kidney diseases in China is also discussed.

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9

Santander, Rocío, Alejandro Urzúa, Ángel Olguín, and María Sánchez. "Temporal Variation of Aristolochia chilensis Aristolochic Acids during Spring." Molecules 20, no. 11 (November 13, 2015): 20391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules201119704.

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10

Tian-Shung, Wu, Ou Li-Fei, and Teng Che-Ming. "Aristolochic acids, aristolactam alkaloids and amides from Aristolochia kankauensis." Phytochemistry 36, no. 4 (July 1994): 1063–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)90492-8.

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11

Araya, Michael, Samantha García, and Marcia González-Teuber. "Rapid Identification and Simultaneous Quantification of Aristolochic Acids by HPLC-DAD and Confirmations by MS in Aristolochia chilensis Using a Limited Biomass." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2018 (June 6, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5036542.

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Six aristolochic acids were identified in the Chilean species Aristolochia chilensis using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and subsequent confirmation with mass spectrometry (MS). The fractions of each signal were collected and injected directly into an Orbitrap mass detector model Q Exactive Focus (Thermo Scientific). The acids extraction was done with 0.10–0.50 g of lyophilized and pulverized sample and concentrated in Soxhlet extraction equipment. The liquid-liquid separations and a subsequent solid phase extraction (SPE) C18 were performed using 100 µL of the extract that contains the aristolochic acids present in the Aristolochia chilensis plant. The HPLC conditions used a single mobile phase acetonitrile : water (1 : 1) acidified with 0.1% acetic acid and an isocratic elution to 1 mL·min−1. The column InertSustain C18 250 × 4.6 mm and 3 µm was used, the injection volume was 20 µL, and the time of run was reduced to 15 min. Calibration curves were constructed with r2 being 0.9997. The quantification limit for AAI was 0.138 ± 0.010 µg/mL, and for AAII, it was 0.558 ± 0.042 µg/mL.

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12

Alali, Feras Q., Khaled Tawaha, Mayadah B. Shehadeh, and Suha Telfah. "Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Aristolochia maurorum L." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 61, no. 9-10 (October 1, 2006): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2006-9-1013.

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AbstractAristolochia maurorum L. of Jordanian origin has been investigated phytochemically, quantitatively, and biologically. Three atypical alkaloids, namely aristolochic acid I (1), aristolochic acid II (2) and aristolochic acid IIIa (3), have been isolated and identified. Of these known 1-phenanthrenecarboxylic acids, 2 and 3 are reported for the first time from this species. The identified compounds 1-3 were first evaluated biologically as cytotoxic agents against the brine shrimp lethality test (BST), in which compound 1 was found to be the most potent (LC50, 4.9 μg/mL). The antiplatelet activity of the methanolic extracts, the acidic fractions of aerial and root parts, and the identified compounds 1-3 were evaluated using an automatic platelet aggregometer and coagulation tracer (APACT 2). Using external reference standards, and a reverse-phase isocratic method, the distribution of aristolochic acid I and aristolochic acid II in different plant parts of Aristolochia maurorum L. during flowering stage was analyzed by PDA-HPLC. A quantitative comparison between two previously reported extraction methods was also made. Roots were found to be the main storage of aristolochic acid I and aristolochic acid II during flowering stage with about 0.22 and 0.108% (w/w), respectively.

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13

Suina, Irina Olegovna, Inna Ivanovna Terninko, Yuliya Eduardovna Generalova, Yelena Vladimirovna Burtseva, and Yelizaveta Sergeyevna Bazanova. "STUDY OF SEPARATE FRACTIONS OF ARISTOLOCHIA CLEMATITIS L. HERB FOR THE PRESENCE OF DIFFER-ENT GROUPS OF BAS." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020026462.

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The objective of the work was generation of Aristolochia clematitis L. herb fractions and their further study for the presence of different groups of biologically active substances (including aristolochic acids), which was achieved by addressing the following tasks: obtaining fractions from A. clematitis L. herb, preliminary TLC test, HPLC fraction analysis. Fractionation scheme for A. clematitis L. herb extracts was proposed. 4 fractions with different distribution of biologically active substances (chloroform, butanol, ethylacetate and water) were obtained. Using the TLC method and HPLC analysis the aristolochic acids were detected in the chloroform fraction only, suggesting that chloroform is a selective extractant for aristolochic acids. Presence of hydroxycinnamic acids in fractions was defined by HPLC method. Trace quantities of cinnamic acid were found in all fractions, with the highest content noted in the chloroform fraction. Caffeic acid is seen in all fractions, the highest content of butanol is typical of butanol fraction. Chlorogenic acid is present in almost all fractions, its basic amount accounted for 96% ethanol sub-fraction of ethyl-acetate fraction and 20% ethanol sub-fraction of butanol fraction. Some nitrogen-containing substances were identified in ethyl-acetate fraction, presumably of alkaloid type, but not the aristolochic acids, which makes possible further study of ethyl-acetate extracts.

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14

Zhang, Jing, Yuansheng Xiao, Jiatao Feng, Sophia L. Wu, Xingya Xue, Xiuli Zhang, and Xinmiao Liang. "Selectively preparative purification of aristolochic acids and aristololactams from Aristolochia plants." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 52, no. 4 (August 2010): 446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2010.01.023.

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15

Afshar-Mogaddam, Mohammad-Reza, Adeleh Yadeghari, and Abolghasem Jouyban. "An Overview on Analytical Methods for Quantitative Determination of Aristolochic Acids." Current Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 5 (July 8, 2020): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411014666180704124213.

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Background: Aristolochic acids are chemically linked to nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acids which are found in aristolochia plants. These compounds are intrinsically carcinogenic, while they have been used in traditional medicine from a long time ago. Despite the beneficial effects of herbals for treating some diseases, they possess some side effects. Methods: Therefore, the development of a sensitive and selective procedure for the determination of these harmful components in various complicated samples is an important task for health systems and drug authorities. In the past years, ultra-pressure liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis with different detection systems were used for determination of aristolochic acids in various samples. Results: In this review, different analytical methods have been discussed in brief and applications of them in diverse samples have been summarized. Conclusion: Different approaches are compared from point of sensitivity, selectivity, and extraction efficiency.

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16

URZÚA, ALEJANDRO, ANGEL OLGUÍN, and ROCÍO SANTANDER. "ARISTOLOCHIC ACIDS IN THE ROOTS OF ARISTOLOCHIA CHILENSIS, A DANGEROUS CHILEAN MEDICINAL PLANT." Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society 58, no. 4 (December 2013): 2089–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-97072013000400041.

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17

Liu, Man-Chang, Shoichi Maruyama, Masashi Mizuno, Yoshiki Morita, Shigeru Hanaki, Yukio Yuzawa, and Seiichi Matsuo. "The nephrotoxicity of Aristolochia manshuriensis in rats is attributable to its aristolochic acids." Clinical and Experimental Nephrology 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10157-003-0229-z.

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18

Bartha, Gergely Sámuel, Gergő Tóth, Péter Horváth, Eszter Kiss, Nóra Papp, and Monika Kerényi. "Analysis of aristolochlic acids and evaluation of antibacterial activity of Aristolochia clematitis L." Biologia Futura 70, no. 4 (December 2019): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/019.70.2019.36.

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Introduction Several Aristolochia species were used as medicinal herb across Europe and in recent years, their antimicrobial activity has also been investigated. Materials and methods In this study, A. clematitis was selected to evaluate the aristolochic acids I and II (AA I and AA II) concentrations and the antimicrobial activity of methanol, hexane, butanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of the root, stem, leaf, root, and fruit. AA I and AA II contents were measured by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet method. Results Each fraction of the plant contained AA I and AA II and the root was found to have the highest contents of AA I (1.09%) and AA II (0.7454%). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of all extracts were determined by standard microdilution method. The fruit’s extracts showed the most efficient antimicrobial effect against both methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Conclusion Correlation between the AA I and AA II concentrations and the antimicrobial effect was not found.

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19

Abdelgadir, Abdelgadir A., Elhadi M. Ahmed, and Mahgoub Sharif Eltohami. "Isolation, Characterization and Quantity Determination of Aristolochic Acids, Toxic Compounds in Aristolochia bracteolata L." Environmental Health Insights 5 (January 2011): EHI.S6292. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ehi.s6292.

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20

Li, Xiaoqin, Yunjuan Zuo, Xinxin Zhu, Shuai Liao, and Jinshuang Ma. "Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Comparative Analysis of Sequences Evolution among Seven Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) Medicinal Species." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051045.

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Aristolochiaceae, comprising about 600 species, is a unique plant family containing aristolochic acids (AAs). In this study, we sequenced seven species of Aristolochia, and retrieved eleven chloroplast (cp) genomes published for comparative genomics analysis and phylogenetic constructions. The results show that the cp genomes had a typical quadripartite structure with conserved genome arrangement and moderate divergence. The cp genomes range from 159,308 bp to 160,520 bp in length and have a similar GC content of 38.5%–38.9%. A total number of 113 genes were identified, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs and four rRNAs. Although genomic structure and size were highly conserved, the IR-SC boundary regions were variable between these seven cp genomes. The trnH-GUG genes, are one of major differences between the plastomes of the two subgenera Siphisia and Aristolochia. We analyzed the features of nucleotide substitutions, distribution of repeat sequences and simple sequences repeats (SSRs), positive selections in the cp genomes, and identified 16 hotspot regions for genomes divergence that could be utilized as potential markers for phylogeny reconstruction. Phylogenetic relationships of the family Aristolochiaceae inferred from the 18 cp genome sequences were consistent and robust, using maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian analysis (BI) methods.

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21

Stashenko, E. E., S. A. Ordonez, N. A. Marin, and J. R. Martinez. "Determination of the Volatile and Semi-volatile Secondary Metabolites, and Aristolochic Acids in Aristolochia ringens Vahl." Journal of Chromatographic Science 47, no. 9 (October 1, 2009): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/47.9.817.

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22

Benarba, Bachir, Boumedienne Meddah, and Aicha Tir Touil. "Response of Bone Resorption Markers toAristolochia longaIntake by Algerian Breast Cancer Postmenopausal Women." Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/820589.

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Aristolochia longais widely used in traditional medicine in Algeria to treat breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the response of bone resorption markers toA. longaintake by Algerian breast cancer postmenopausal women. According to theA. longaintake, breast cancer patients were grouped intoA. longagroup (Al)(n=54)and non-A. longagroup (non-Al)(n=24). 32 women constituted the control group. Bone resorption markers (from urine) pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were determined by HPLC. Serum and urinary creatinine, uric acid, and urea were measured. 1 g ofA. longaintake resulted in significant rise of renal serum markers and a pronounced increase of bone resorption markers. The intake ofA. longaroots is detrimental for kidney function and resulted in high bone resorption, maybe due to the reduction in renal function caused by the aristolochic acids contained in the roots.

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23

WU, Tian-Shung, Yann-Lii LEU, and Yu-Yi CHAN. "Denitroaristolochic Acids from the Leaves of Aristolochia cucurbitifolia HAYATA." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 46, no. 8 (1998): 1301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.46.1301.

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24

Qin, Liuyu, Yiheng Hu, Jinpeng Wang, Xiaoliang Wang, Ran Zhao, Hongyan Shan, Kunpeng Li, et al. "Insights into angiosperm evolution, floral development and chemical biosynthesis from the Aristolochia fimbriata genome." Nature Plants 7, no. 9 (September 2021): 1239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41477-021-00990-2.

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AbstractAristolochia, a genus in the magnoliid order Piperales, has been famous for centuries for its highly specialized flowers and wide medicinal applications. Here, we present a new, high-quality genome sequence of Aristolochia fimbriata, a species that, similar to Amborella trichopoda, lacks further whole-genome duplications since the origin of extant angiosperms. As such, the A. fimbriata genome is an excellent reference for inferences of angiosperm genome evolution, enabling detection of two novel whole-genome duplications in Piperales and dating of previously reported whole-genome duplications in other magnoliids. Genomic comparisons between A. fimbriata and other angiosperms facilitated the identification of ancient genomic rearrangements suggesting the placement of magnoliids as sister to monocots, whereas phylogenetic inferences based on sequence data we compiled yielded ambiguous relationships. By identifying associated homologues and investigating their evolutionary histories and expression patterns, we revealed highly conserved floral developmental genes and their distinct downstream regulatory network that may contribute to the complex flower morphology in A. fimbriata. Finally, we elucidated the genetic basis underlying the biosynthesis of terpenoids and aristolochic acids in A. fimbriata.

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25

Pradeepa, Venkatraman, Subbiah Sathish-Narayanan, Suyambulingam Arunachalam Kirubakaran, Annamalai Thanigaivel, and Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan. "Toxicity of aristolochic acids isolated from Aristolochia indica Linn (Aristolochiaceae) against the malarial vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae)." Experimental Parasitology 153 (June 2015): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2015.01.017.

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26

Li, Xiao-Wei, Osamu Morinaga, Min Tian, Takuhiro Uto, Jie Yu, Ming-Ying Shang, Xuan Wang, Shao-Qing Cai, and Yukihiro Shoyama. "Development of an Eastern Blotting Technique for the Visual Detection of Aristolochic Acids in Aristolochia and Asarum Species by Using a Monoclonal Antibody Against Aristolochic Acids I and II." Phytochemical Analysis 24, no. 6 (June 13, 2013): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pca.2448.

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27

WU, T. S., Y. L. LEU, and Y. Y. CHAN. "ChemInform Abstract: Denitroaristolochic Acids from the Leaves of Aristolochia cucurbitifolia HAYATA." ChemInform 30, no. 6 (June 17, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199906215.

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28

Debelle, Frédéric D., Joëlle L. Nortier, Eric G. De Prez, Christian H. Garbar, Anne R. Vienne, Isabelle J. Salmon, Monique M. Deschodt-Lanckman, and Jean-Louis Vanherweghem. "Aristolochic Acids Induce Chronic Renal Failure with Interstitial Fibrosis in Salt-Depleted Rats." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 13, no. 2 (February 2002): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v132431.

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ABSTRACT. Chinese-herb nephropathy (CHN) is a rapidly progressive renal fibrosis associated with the intake of a Chinese herb (Aristolochia fangchi) containing nephrotoxic and carcinogenic aristolochic acids (AA). This study attempted to reproduce the main features of human CHN (renal failure, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis) in a rat model similar to that of cyclosporin-induced nephropathy. Salt-depleted male Wistar rats received daily subcutaneous injections of either 1 mg/kg body wt AA (low-dose AA group), 10 mg/kg body wt AA (high-dose AA group), or vehicle (control group) for 35 d. On days 10 and 35, assessment of renal function, measurements of urinary excretion of glucose, protein, and leucine aminopeptidase, and histologic analyses were performed (six rats euthanized/group). High-dose AA induced glucosuria, proteinuria, and elevated serum creatinine levels and reduced leucine aminopeptidase enzymuria on days 10 and 35, whereas low-dose AA had no significant effect. Tubular necrosis associated with lymphocytic infiltrates (day 10) and tubular atrophy surrounded by interstitial fibrosis (day 35) were the histologic findings for the high-dose AA-treated rats. In both AA groups, urothelial dysplasia was also observed, as well as fibrohistiocytic sarcoma at the injection site. A short-term model of AA-induced renal fibrosis was established in salt-depleted Wistar rats. These results support the role of AA in human CHN and provide a useful model for examination of the pathophysiologic pathways of renal fibrosis.

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29

Li, Xiao-Wei, Sadaki Yokota, Dan Wang, Xuan Wang, Yukihiro Shoyama, and Shao-Qing Cai. "Localization of Aristolochic Acid in Mouse Kidney Tissues by Immunohistochemistry Using an Anti-AA-I and AA-II Monoclonal Antibody." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 42, no. 06 (January 2014): 1453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x14500918.

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Aristolochic acids (AAs) are found in herbal medicines of Aristolochiaceae plants, including Aristolochia and Asarum species. AAs are associated with a rapidly progressive interstitial nephritis, which is called aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). However, the in-situ localization of AAs in the target organ, the kidney, has not been investigated yet. In the present study, the accumulation of aristolochic acid I (AA-I) in mouse kidney was revealed by immunoperoxidase light microscopy as well as colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) based on an anti-AA-I and AA-II monoclonal antibody (mAb). Male BALB/c mice were treated with 1.25 or 2.50 mg kg-1 of AA-I per day for 5 days. Paraffin sections and ultra-thin sections of kidney tissue were respectively prepared. Under light microscopy, the apical surface of proximal tubules was strongly stained for AA-I, whereas no obvious immunostaining was found in the distal tubules and glomerulus, which remained relatively intact. Under electron microscopy, epithelial cells of the proximal tubules, distal tubules and collecting tubules were broken to various degrees. Gold labeling in the proximal and distal tubules was stronger than that in the collecting tubules. In renal tubules, immunogold signals of AA-I tended to accumulate in the mitochondria and peroxisomes, though the signals could be observed all over the cell. Gold signals were also found in the erythrocytes of glomeruli. The MAb against AA-I and AA-II provides a clue for the identification of proteins or factors which might interact with AA-I and thus induce targeted damage of kidney.

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30

Li, Weiwei, Qin Hu, and Wan Chan. "Uptake and Accumulation of Nephrotoxic and Carcinogenic Aristolochic Acids in Food Crops Grown in Aristolochia clematitis-Contaminated Soil and Water." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 64, no. 1 (December 22, 2015): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05089.

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31

Pereira, Marcos, Tito da Silva, Anna Aguiar, Glaucius Oliva, Rafael Guido, Jenicer Yokoyama-Yasunaka, Silvia Uliana, and Lucia Lopes. "Chemical Composition, Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activities of Indole Alkaloids and Benzofuran Neolignan of Aristolochia cordigera." Planta Medica 83, no. 11 (March 6, 2017): 912–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-104776.

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AbstractThis is a comparative study on the intraspecific chemical variability of Aristolochia cordigera species, collected in two different regions of Brazil, Biome Cerrado (semiarid) and Biome Amazônia (coastal). The use of GC-MS and statistical methods led to the identification of 56 compounds. A higher percentage of palmitone and germacrene-D in the hexanes extracts of the leaves of plants from these respective biomes was observed. Phytochemical studies on the extracts led to the isolation and identification of 19 known compounds, including lignans, neolignans, aristolochic acids, indole-β-carboline, and indole alkaloids. In addition, two new indole alkaloids, 3,4-dihydro-hyrtiosulawesine and 6-O-(β-glucopyranosyl)hyrtiosulawesine, were isolated and a new neolignan, cis-eupomatenoid-7, was obtained in a mixture with its known isomer eupomatenoid-7. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly by 1D- and 2D-NMR. The occurrence of indole alkaloids is being described for the first time in the Aristolochiaceae family. Moreover, the in vitro susceptibility of intracellular amastigote and promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis to the alkaloids and eupomatenoid-7 were evaluated. This neolignan exhibited low activity against promastigotes (IC50 = 46 µM), while the alkaloids did not show inhibitory activity. The new alkaloid 6-O-(β-glucopyranosyl)hyrtiosulawesine exhibited activity in the low micromolar range against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 value of 5 µM and a selectivity index higher than 50.

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32

Zhou, Xiaoguang, Chunying Zheng, Jinying Sun, and Tianyan You. "Analysis of nephroloxic and carcinogenic aristolochic acids in Aristolochia plants by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection at a carbon fiber microdisk electrode." Journal of Chromatography A 1109, no. 2 (March 2006): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.12.072.

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33

Duan, Wenjuan, Yue Li, Hongjing Dong, Guohong Yang, Wei Wang, and Xiao Wang. "Isolation and purification of six aristolochic acids with similar structures from Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom stems by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 1613 (February 2020): 460657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460657.

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Liu, Jing, Yang Liu, Yingxue Wu, Zhong Dai, and Shuangcheng Ma. "Rapid Analysis of Aristolochic Acid Analogues in Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine by LC-MS/MS." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2020 (November 18, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8823596.

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Aristolochic acids have been demonstrated to have renal toxicity, cause carcinogenesis, and may cause gene mutations. A series of risk control measurements have been adopted worldwide since 1990s. Some varieties of traditional Chinese medicine with high content of aristolochic acids have been banned in China. However, some species containing aristolochic acids in microscale are still in use. In recent years, with the continuous awareness of drug safety, the aristolochic acid analogues were generally considered to be of potential safety risks. Among these constituents, aristolochic acid I is still the one with most studies. Therefore, in addition to aristolochic acid I, it is necessary to establish an accurate and rapid method to determine other aristolochic acid analogues. LC-MS/MS methods based on multireaction monitoring mode was established to simultaneously determine 9 aristolochic acid analogues including 5 aristolochic acids and 4 aristolactams for the first time. Furthermore, the method was applied for Long dan Xie gan Pill, a traditional complex compound preparation with a long history for treatment of diseases including hepatochlic hygropyrexia, dizziness, tinnitus, and deafness. It has attracted widespread attention because of the aristolochic acid nephropathy. The crude drug Caulis Aristolochiae manshuriensis (Guanmutong) collected in the prescription was replaced by Akebiae Caulis (Mutong), and the established method helps to understand the product safety on market. As a result, aristolochic acid I, aristolochic acid Iva, and aristolactam I were detected and determined in one batch of Long dan Xie gan Pill among 25 batches of samples. It provided practical approach to demonstrate trace aristolochic acids and aristolactams. It was beneficial to control the safety of related traditional Chinese medicine products.

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Cachet, Xavier, Jerome Langrand, Cecile Bottai, Hanh Dufat, Corinne Locatelli-Jouans, Emmanuel Nossin, and Denis Boucaud-Maitre. "Detection of aristolochic acids I and II in “Chiniy-trèf”, a traditional medicinal preparation containing caterpillars feeding on Aristolochia trilobata L. in Martinique, French West Indies." Toxicon 114 (May 2016): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.02.013.

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Dhouioui, Mouna, Abdennacer Boulila, Maroua Jemli, Fréderic Schiets, Hervé Casabianca, and Mongia Saïd Zina. "Fatty Acids Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Aristolochia longa L. and Bryonia dioïca Jacq. Growing Wild in Tunisia." Journal of Oleo Science 65, no. 8 (2016): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess16001.

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Alasbahi, Rawiya H., and Othman S. S. Al-Hawshabi. "A REVIEW ON SOME CULTIVATED AND NATIVE POISONOUS PLANTS IN ADEN GOVERNORATE, YEMEN." Electronic Journal of University of Aden for Basic and Applied Sciences 2, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/ejua-ba.2021.2.91.

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Plant poisoning is a health concern in many countries where plants are used either accidently, especially among children, or intentionally for purposes such as assassination, suicide, hunting, fishing and treating various diseases. Presently, despite the implementation of toxicology surveillance systems in many countries, plant poisoning continues to be a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. In the Aden governorate of Yemen, there are no laws or regulations for the prevention of plant poisoning, despite the existence of several poisonous species in gardens, and as roadside trees planted by the local authority, or growing wildly in public areas. In addition, there is a lack of scientific studies on the risks of these poisonous plants. Therefore, we undertook this study, based on scientific review, to document and illustrate the botanical, geographical and toxicological characteristics of fourteen poisonous plants collected from different districts of Aden governorate. The documented poisonous species (6 species) belong to Apocynaceae followed by Fabaceae (2 species), whereas Aristolochiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Dracaenaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, and Verbenaceae are represented by one species each. The toxic parts of the majority of studied poisonous species are the whole plant, latex, seeds, and fruits. Cardiotoxicity, cytotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, and inflammation of skin and mucous membrane are the main clinical manifestations. They are caused by varying amounts of plant toxins such as cardiac glycosides in Calotropis procera, Cryptostegia grandiflora, Nerium oleander and Thevetia peruviana, and cytotoxic toxins such as toxalbumins in Abrus precatorius and Ricinus communis, aristolochic acids in Aristolochia bracteolate, and vinca alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus, as well as gastrointestinal toxins such as cucurbitacins in Citrullus colocynthis, and tannins in Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Inflammation of skin and mucous membrane is caused by calcium oxalate crystals in Calotropis procera latex, and soluble protein in Cryptostegia grandiflora latex. Moreover, Azadirachta indica caused a number of toxicities attributed partially to tetranortriterpenoids, while Sansevieria trifasciata toxicity was reported to be low. The significance of this work is to promote the awareness among the local authority to take legal actions against plant poisoning. In addition, it provides the physicians with scientific information for the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning by some plants. It is hoped that this study motivates researchers to conduct further research on poisonous plants throughout Yemen.

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Lokar, L. Coassini, and F. Martini. "Sinificato Chemotassonomico Degli Acidi Aristolochici Nelle Specie di Aristolochia L.(Aristolochiaceae)Dell'Italia Nord-Orientale." Giornale botanico italiano 128, no. 1 (January 1994): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509409437026.

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Wu, Tian-Shung, Yann-Lii Leu, and Yu-Yi Chan. "Aristolochic Acids as a Defensive Substance for the Aristolochiaceous Plant-Feeding Swallowtail Butterfly,Pachliopta aristolochiae interpositus." Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society 47, no. 1 (February 2000): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jccs.200000026.

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Xu, Tingjun, Weiming Chen, Junhong Zhou, Jingfang Dai, Yingyong Li, and Yingli Zhao. "Computational Analysis of Naturally Occurring Aristolochic Acid Analogues and Their Biological Sources." Biomolecules 11, no. 9 (September 11, 2021): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11091344.

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Aristolochic acids are known for nephrotoxicity, and implicated in multiple cancer types such as hepatocellular carcinomas demonstrated by recent studies. Natural products that are analogues to aristolochic acids have been constantly isolated from organisms; a larger chemical space of these compounds and a wider coverage of biological sources should be determined in consideration of the potential hazard of aristolochic acid analogues and the wide distribution of their biological sources in the nature. Therefore, we carried out an in silico research of naturally occurring aristolochic acid analogues and their biological sources, as a supplement to existing studies. The result shows a chemical space of 238 naturally occurring aristolochic acid analogues that are present in 175 species of biological sources including 44 traditional medicines. With the computational estimation for toxicity and the implication in hazard assessment of a biological source with the presence of aristolochic acid analogues, we propose that additional awareness should be raised to the public for avoidance of toxic species, especially those that are used as herbal medicines and easily accessible.

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Stiborová, Marie, Miroslav Hájek, Hana Vošmiková, Eva Frei, and Heinz H. Schmeiser. "Isolation of DT-Diaphorase [NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)] from Rat Liver Cytosol: Identification of New Enzyme Substrates, Carcinogenic Aristolochic Acids." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 66, no. 6 (2001): 959–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20010959.

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Cytosolic fractions isolated from liver and kidney of rats treated with β-naphthoflavone, Sudan I, ellipticine, phenobarbital, ethanol, acetone and natural carcinogenic and nephrotoxic nitroaromatics, aristolochic acids, were tested for the activity of DT-diaphorase [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone), EC 1.6.99.2]. While the most efficient inducers of DT-diaphorase in liver were Sudan I, ellipticine and aristolochic acids, the highest increase in the DT-diaphorase activity in kidney was produced by aristolochic acids. No increase in the enzyme activity was determined after treatment of rats with acetone. DT-Diaphorase was isolated from liver cytosol of Sudan I-treated rats by the procedure consisting of fractionation with ammonium sulfate, gel permeation chromatography on a Sephadex G-150 column, affinity chromatography on an Affi-Gel Blue (Cibracron Blue Agarose) column and re-chromatography on Sephadex G-150. Rat DT-diaphorase catalyzed NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of menadione (vitamin K3), vitamin K1 and 4-nitrosophenol as substrates. Moreover, we newly identified two carcinogenic nitroaromatic compounds, aristolochic acids, as other substrates of DT-diaphorase. A selective inhibitor of the human DT-diaphorase, dicoumarol, inhibited the catalytic activity of the rat purified enzyme.

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Chen, Xiaoyi, Qinqin Chai, Ni Lin, Xianghui Li, and Wu Wang. "1D convolutional neural network for the discrimination of aristolochic acids and their analogues based on near-infrared spectroscopy." Analytical Methods 11, no. 40 (2019): 5118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ay01531k.

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Fan, Yang, Zongming Li, and Jun Xi. "Recent developments in detoxication techniques for aristolochic acid-containing traditional Chinese medicines." RSC Advances 10, no. 3 (2020): 1410–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08327h.

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Sato, Noriko, Daisuke Takahashi, Reiko Tsuchiya, Takuya Mukoyama, Shin-ichi Yamagata, Nobunori Satoh, Shiro Ueda, et al. "Acute nephrotoxicity of aristolochic acids in mice." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 56, no. 2 (February 2004): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/0022357023051.

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Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Annie. "Ochratoxin A and Aristolochic Acid Involvement in Nephropathies and Associated Urothelial Tract Tumours." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 60, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 465–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-60-2009-2000.

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Ochratoxin A and Aristolochic Acid Involvement in Nephropathies and Associated Urothelial Tract TumoursThis review addresses the unresolved aetiology of several nephropathies and associated upper tract tumours diagnosed all over the world, but especially in the Balkan regions. Studies conducted over the last 35 years point to mycotoxins, mainly ochratoxin A (OTA) as the main culprit. Recent theories however have implicated aristolochic acids (AA). The aim of this review is to put forward arguments in favour of the mycotoxin theory and to show the incoherence of the AA theory. It discusses the differences between the epidemiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN); OTA and AA carcinogenicity; clinical and pathological effects induced by OTA and AA; sources of OTA contamination (food, air, drinking water); OTA- and AA-DNA adduct formation; the role of genetic polymorphisms; and the risk for young children.

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Ren, Gang, Qun Huang, Jiangang Wu, Jinbin Yuan, Gaihong Yang, Zhihong Yan, and Shouzhuo Yao. "Cloud point extraction–HPLC method for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of aristolochic acids in rat plasma after oral administration of Aristolochiae Fructus." Journal of Chromatography B 953-954 (March 2014): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.01.055.

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Zhang, Jinghe, Yinan Wang, Jing Sun, Guowei Zhou, Xiaojie Jiang, and Xikui Wang. "Correction: QuEChERS pretreatment combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of aristolochic acids I and II in Chinese herbal patent medicines." RSC Advances 10, no. 58 (2020): 35597–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra90099k.

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Correction for ‘QuEChERS pretreatment combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of aristolochic acids I and II in Chinese herbal patent medicines’ by Jinghe Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 25319–25324, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA03200J.

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Liu, Jingjing, Wei Dong, Tin Yan Wong, Chengchao Qiu, Jing Wu, Jian Zhao, Jinqiang Xia, Shaofei Xie, and Xiaofeng Song. "Proteome-wide analysis of protein alterations in response to aristolochic acids in rat kidney and liver tissues." Molecular Omics 17, no. 3 (2021): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1mo00015b.

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Shibutani, Shinya, Huan Dong, Naomi Suzuki, Shiro Ueda, Frederick Miller, and Arthur P. Grollman. "Selective Toxicity of Aristolochic Acids I and II." Drug Metabolism and Disposition 35, no. 7 (March 28, 2007): 1217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/dmd.107.014688.

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Priestap, Horacio A. "13C NMR spectroscopy of aristolochic acids and aristololactams." Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 27, no. 5 (May 1989): 460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260270508.

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