Relevant bibliographies by topics / Arid rangelands

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Arid rangelands'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Arid rangelands"

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Saädi, Slim, and Gustave Gintzburger. "A spatial desertification indicator for Mediterranean arid rangelands: a case study in Algeria." Rangeland Journal 35, no. 1 (2013): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj12021.

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Sheep and goat production is the main and sometimes only agricultural activity available to populations living on rangelands in the arid regions around the Mediterranean. Desertification threatens large areas of Mediterranean arid rangelands but remains difficult to describe, quantify and accurately locate for management purposes. A methodology is described which estimates a Spatial Rain-Use Efficiency Index (SRUEI) and its potential use to evaluate rangeland condition at a large scale. It is based on an Aboveground Net Primary Production (AGNPP) map generated from field herbage mass measurements and a rainfall spatial distribution map derived from local elevation–rainfall gradients with the whole resulting from satellite imagery processing and GIS technology. The area of the case study was in the Nâama–Mecheria region located on the High Plateau south of Oran (Algeria). It covers ~215 000 ha, receiving ~200 mm year–1 of winter and spring precipitation. The Nâama–Mecheria SRUEI-derived map clearly shows the degradation gradient declining away from the settlements. The Mecheria AGNPP 2007 map and associated grazing rings indicate that the Mecheria cooperative flocks may ingest 48–57% (Range Use Factor) of the rangeland’s seasonal plant production, which is barely compatible with sustainable rangeland use. When adding the effect of fuel wood collection by local residents and rain-fed arable cropping, the Nâama–Mecheria region is undoubtedly heading towards a slow but certain desertification of its fragile arid rangelands unless correcting measures are implemented. The SRUEI and associated results are powerful tools that allow rangeland conditions to be mapped, and which can be employed in planning and pursuing sustainable management of rangelands in such arid areas.
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Kluth, Janessa, Samuel Wyffels, Jed Eberly, Lance Vermeire, Clayton Marlow, and Timothy DelCurto. "The Interaction of Wildfire with Post-Fire Herbivory on Arid and Semi-Arid U.S. Rangelands: A Review." Grasses 3, no. 3 (2024): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/grasses3030010.

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In the United States, rangelands comprise 30% of the total land cover and serve as a valuable resource for livestock, wildlife, water, and recreation. Rangelands vary in climate and are often subject to disturbances like drought and wildfire. Historic wildfire trends have indicated an increase in wildfire size and frequency, raising societal and ecological concerns about the management of these lands, both pre- and post-wildfire. While there has been investigation into the effects of grazing prior to a wildfire on fire severity and plant mortality, there is limited research related to grazing post-wildfire even though current management paradigms suggest deferring grazing rangeland for two years after a wildfire to avoid additional stress on native plant species. Based on the diversity found across rangeland ecotypes and history with wildfire, the two-year deferment recommendation may need to be reconsidered for some ecosystems. Species found in perennial bunchgrass rangelands like Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass) and Festuca idahoensis (Idaho fescue) may be less susceptible to post-fire grazing than initially thought, necessitating the need for research into different rangeland ecosystems.
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Dika, Galgalo, Degefa Tolossa, and Shiferaw Muleta Eyana. "Rangeland Degradation and Its Impacts Post-1992: Constructing the Perceptions of Boorana Pastoralist, Southern Ethiopia." International Journal of Ecology 2022 (July 9, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7978744.

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The rangelands of Africa have been subject to substantial changes. The changes in the savanna rangelands ecology were from different points of view. This study constructs the perceptions of Boorana pastoralists on historic changes in rangelands post-1992 based on the Gadaa timelines. The construction of pastoralist perceptions can make an immense contribution to comprehending the rate, trends, indicators, and impacts of rangeland degradation in Boorana rangelands. This study thus points out that pastoralists can better understand and describe rangeland conditions and factors associated with such changes in the Gadaa periods. The study was based on the data collected from 332 pastoralists using a survey questionnaire and qualitative data, and the results were analyzed using descriptions of responses and narrations of cases. The study revealed that the conditions of the Boorana rangelands have been deteriorating over time and rangeland degradation showed unprecedented growth trends, mainly attributed to vegetation, rangeland production, human, environmental, and climate change-related factors. The study also shows that the progressive degradation of rangeland resources has jeopardized rangeland production, livestock productivity, and human well-being in the Boorana rangeland system. The study suggests that the recognition and promotion of indigenous ecological knowledge of pastoralists could sustain the pastoralist community in arid and semiarid rangelands. It is, therefore, imperative to understand pastoralists’ knowledge of rangeland ecology for sustainable management of rangeland resources.
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Norman, Laura M., Miguel L. Villarreal, Rewati Niraula, Mark Haberstich, and Natalie R. Wilson. "Modelling Development of Riparian Ranchlands Using Ecosystem Services at the Aravaipa Watershed, SE Arizona." Land 8, no. 4 (2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8040064.

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This paper describes how subdivision and development of rangelands within a remote and celebrated semi-arid watershed near the US–Mexico border might affect multiple ecohydrological services provided, such as recharge of the aquifer, water and sediment yield, water quality, flow rates and downstream cultural and natural resources. Specifically, we apply an uncalibrated watershed model and land-change forecasting scenario to consider the potential effects of converting rangelands to housing developments and document potential changes in hydrological ecosystem services. A new method to incorporate weather data in watershed modelling is introduced. Results of introducing residential development in this fragile arid environment portray changes in the water budget, including increases in surface-water runoff, water yield, and total sediment loading. Our findings also predict slight reductions in lateral soil water, a component of the water budget that is increasingly becoming recognized as critical to maintaining water availability in arid regions. We discuss how the proposed development on shrub/scrub rangelands could threaten to sever imperative ecohydrological interactions and impact multiple ecosystem services. This research highlights rangeland management issues important for the protection of open space, economic valuation of rangeland ecosystem services, conservation easements, and incentives to develop markets for these.
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Jamil, Akash, Muhammad Zubair, and Bryan A. Endress. "Influence of Pastoral Settlements Gradient on Vegetation Dynamics and Nutritional Characteristics in Arid Rangelands." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 4849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064849.

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An expansion of pastoral settlements in arid rangelands can increase pressure on fragile ecosystems. High stocking rates and inappropriate rangeland management can cause large, difficult-to-reverse changes in the composition and structure of rangeland ecosystems. This study aims to understand changes in vegetation composition (cover, density, biomass, richness, diversity) and nutritional characteristics of range vegetation along a gradient of increasing pastoral population in arid rangelands of Pakistan. Three sites were selected for sampling within three areas classified by their distance from settlement: Near, Away, Far (9 sites in total) belt transects (10 × 150 m). A total of 90 transects (30 each in classified sites) of size 10 × 150 m were placed at a distance of 100 m apart from each distance group. Results identified 28 species from nine plant families. We found a significant difference in vegetation characteristics along the gradient. Vegetation diversity increased along the settlement gradient, highest being in the far sites. Density, plant cover and biomass were greatest at the sites near pastoral communities and decreased as the distance from the settlements increased. Palatable species were characterized by low density and diversity near herder’s villages, but values increased as the distance from the villages increased. An increase in shrubs was observed near pastoral settlements, resulting in higher plant cover, biomass and density in these sites. This study identified anthropogenic impacts on rangeland structure and composition and found large shifts near communities. The frequent monitoring of vegetation resources is important, and the development of sustainable conservative strategies are recommended to ensure harmonious coexistence of pastoral populations in arid rangelands.
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Danckwerts, JE, PJ O'reagain, and TG O'connor. "Range Management in a Changing Environment: a Southern African Perspective." Rangeland Journal 15, no. 1 (1993): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9930133.

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We address a number of management principles pertaining to temporal and spatial changes in rangeland systems. Both plant community composition, and availability and quality of forage, are temporally variable. The process of community change, at least in southern Africa, appears to differ between humid and arid environments. In humid environments, change follows a relatively gradual and predictable pattern, with both over- and under-grazing resulting in decreased carrying capacity. Factors other than grazing also cause change. In arid environments, change is event-driven, providing the grazier with risks and opportunities to cause or prevent community change from one state to another. Humid and arid rangelands also exhibit different patterns of inter- and intra-seasonal variation in forage availability and quality. In the former, changes, particularly in quality, are relatively predictable, allowing the grazier to match forage demand to supply, thus facilitating stable animal husbandry systems. In arid ranges, the profound change is inter-seasonal forage production, implying unpredictable carrying capacity. Flexibility in livestock numbers is therefore essential. Spatial heterogeneity of rangelands results in patch utilisation and localised deterioration of varying scale. In southern Africa, the traditional response has been fencing, an expensive and sometimes impracticable solution on an extensive scale. Fire and siting of artificial water points or mineral licks are alternative options for redistributing animals. The interaction of spatial heterogeneity with temporal rainfall fluctuations in arid rangelands provides pulses of productivity varying in space, time and magnitude. Settled pastoralism is perhaps unsuited to these environments. Finally, in view of the complexity of rangeland systems, and the paucity of empirical predictions for graziers, we suggest that formalised adaptive management - decision-making from past mistakes and successes - is the most appropriate means for graziers to cope with a changing environment.
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Hernández-Hernández, Lucas, Pedro Almaguer-Sierra, Ludivina Barrientos-Lozano, Uriel Jeshua Sánchez-Reyes, Aurora Y. Rocha-Sánchez, and Juan Flores-Gracia. "Patterns of Change and Successional Transition in a 47-Year Period (1973–2020) in Rangelands of the Tamaulipan Highlands, Northeastern Mexico." Forests 14, no. 4 (2023): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14040815.

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Rangelands in arid and semi-arid regions are the main source of livestock feed. The fragmentation of these ecosystems by continuous grazing gives rise to the modification of ecological processes, which alters the structure and functionality of plant communities. Therefore, the use of geographic information systems and the analysis of satellite images are important to monitor spatial changes and to evaluate these areas in the Tamaulipan Highlands of northeastern Mexico. This work aimed to evaluate the current state of the rangelands and to determine the percentage of modified areas as well as propose the time of permanence, succession, or recovery of five different areas destined for rangelands. For the analysis, Landsat satellite scenes from the period 1973–2020 were used: they were classified into four categories using segmentation and maximum likelihood analysis, as well as a cross-tabulation method to determine the degree of succession. An increase in rangelands was found in three of the five areas analyzed in the period from 1973 to 2020. As rangeland areas increase, the coverage of pine–oak forests, submontane–thorny scrub, and anthropogenic areas, decreases. The disturbance processes were not linear, and the increase in rangeland areas was greater in xerophilous scrub and secondary vegetation. This work is the first contribution that evaluates the changes in land use and cover in grazing areas compromised by continuous grazing in the Tamaulipan Highlands and Mexico. In addition, the results indicate the importance of performing studies based on the coexistence of wildlife and livestock as well as the interaction between soil degradation and plant diversity with the increase in rangelands.
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Gintzburger, GA, and PW Skinner. "A simple single disc pitting and seeding machine for arid rangeland revegetation." Rangeland Journal 7, no. 1 (1985): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9850029.

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A simple, single disc, pitting and seeding machine was developed for revegetation operations on degraded arid rangelands. This machine creates a shallow pit in which seeds or medic burrs are dropped and rainwater is trappedThe length or depth of a pit can be altered by changing the disc shape. The machine consists of a seed box and a single modified plough disc, articulated behind a two- wheeled trailer. The disc directly activates the seed or burr dispenser. The machine operates behind a car. The low-cost machine could be an attractive option for rangeland revegetation programmes on privately-run Australian pastoral properties or rangelands of develop- ing countries.
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Zbiri, Asmae, Azeddine Hachmi, Dominique Haesen, and Fatima Ezzahrae El Alaoui-Faris. "New Investigation and Challenge for Spatiotemporal Drought Monitoring Using Bottom-Up Precipitation Dataset (SM2RAIN-ASCAT) and NDVI in Moroccan Arid and Semi-Arid Rangelands." Ekológia (Bratislava) 41, no. 1 (2022): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eko-2022-0010.

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Abstract Remotely sensed soil moisture products showed sensitivity to vegetation cover density and soil typology at regional dryland level. In these regions, drought monitoring is significantly performed using soil moisture index and rainfall data. Recently, rainfall and soil moisture observations have increasingly become available. This has hampered scientific progress as regards characterization of land surface processes not just in meteorology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between a newly developed precipitation dataset, SM2RAIN (Advanced SCATterometer (SM2RAIN-ASCAT), and NDVI (eMODIS-TERRA) in monitoring drought events over diverse rangeland regions of Morocco. Results indicated that the highest polynomial correlation coefficient and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) between SM2RAIN-ASCAT and NDVI were found in a 10-year period from 2007 to 2017 in all rangelands (R = 0.81; RMSE = 0.05). This relationship was strong for degraded rangeland, where there were strong positive correlation coefficients for NDVI and SM2RAIN (R = 0.99). High correlations were found for sparse and moderate correlations for shrub rangeland (R = 0.82 and 0.61, respectively). The anomalies maps showed a very good similarity between SM2RAIN and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data. The results revealed that the SM2RAIN-ASCAT and NDVI product could accurately predict drought events in arid and semi-arid rangelands.
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Sanz, Ernesto, Juan José Martín Sotoca, Antonio Saa-Requejo, et al. "Clustering Arid Rangelands Based on NDVI Annual Patterns and Their Persistence." Remote Sensing 14, no. 19 (2022): 4949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194949.

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Rangeland ecosystems comprise more than a third of the global land surface, sustaining essential ecosystem services and livelihoods. In Spain, Southeast Spain includes some of the driest regions; accordingly, rangelands from Murcia and Almeria provinces were selected for this study. We used time series metrics and the Hurst Exponent from rescale range and detrended fluctuation analysis to cluster different rangeland dynamics to classify temporally and spatially diverse rangelands. The metrics were only calculated for three time periods that showed significant NDVI changes: March to April, April to July, and September to December. Detrended fluctuation analysis was not previously employed to cluster vegetation. This study used it to improve rangeland classification. K-means and unsupervised random forest were used to cluster the pixels using time series metrics and Hurst exponents. The best clustering results were obtained when unsupervised random forest was used with the Hurst exponent calculated with detrended fluctuation analysis. We used the Silhouette Index to evaluate the clustering results and a spatial comparison with topographical data. Our results show that adding the Hurst exponent, calculated with detrended fluctuation analysis, provided a better classification when clustering NDVI time series, while classifications without the Hurst exponent or with the Hurst exponent calculated with the rescale range method showed lower silhouette values. Overall, this shows the importance of using detrending when calculating the Hurst exponent on vegetation time series, and its usefulness in studying rangeland dynamics for management and research.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Arid rangelands"

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Popp, Alexander. "An integrated modelling approach for sustainable management of semi-arid and arid rangelands." Phd thesis, kostenfrei, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1510/.

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Dube, Sikhalazo. "A model for adaptive livestock management on semi-arid rangelands in Texas." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3975.

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A stochastic, compartmental Model for Adaptive Livestock Management (MALM) was developed for cow-calf enterprise for Rolling Plains of Texas from an existing model, Simple Ecological Sustainability Simulator (SESS). The model simulates forage and animal production. It runs on a monthly time step. Two stocking strategies, flexible and fixed, were evaluated at seven stocking levels for effects on forage and animal production, range condition, and net ranch income. Evaluation data were obtained from published and unpublished data from Texas A&M Agricultural Experimental Station at Vernon for Throckmorton. The model adequately simulated forage and animal production. Light fixed stocking rates and flexible stocking strategies resulted in cows of median body condition score (BCS) 5, compared to low BCS of 4 under moderate fixed stocking rate, and BCS of 3 under heavy fixed stocking. BCS declined from autumn to early spring and peaked in summer. Cows under light fixed stocking rates and under flexible stocking were heavier (460 kg) compared to those under heavy fixed stocking (439 kg). Replacement rates were lower under light stocking (22 %), compared to flexible (37 %) and heavy stocking (56 %). Calf crops were all above the reported 90 % expected for bred heifers because of the replacement policy. Flexible stocking strategy resulted in higher net income ($19.62 ha-1), compared to fixed light ($5.93 ha-1) or fixed heavy ($-17.35 ha-1) stocking strategies. Coefficient of variation (CV) in net income was highest under heavy stocking (90%) compared to light stocking (60%) and flexible stocking (50%). Maximum net income was obtained between 0.05 AUM·ha-1 and 0.13 AUM·ha-1 when fixed stocking strategy was used but when flexible stocking strategy was used maximum net income was obtained between 0.1 AUM·ha-1 and 0.17 AUM·ha-1. Range condition rapidly declined under fixed heavy stocking, increased under fixed and light flexible stocking, and remained constant under moderate flexible stocking. Heavy fixed stocking decreased range condition rapidly over a 20-year period. MALM was an effective tool to demonstrate effects of different management strategies. The model can function as a strategic or a tactical decision aid. It is concluded that there is potential for this model to assist managers in improving the sustainability of agriculture.
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Hobbs, Trevor J., and n/a. "Herbage production modelling and assessment in the arid rangelands of Central Australia." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1994. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060725.143830.

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The management and sustainable use of Central Australian rangelands for livestock production and conservation requires improved knowledge of the temporal and spatial distribution of primary production in this region. To provide such information, this thesis investigated methods that could rapidly and efficiently estimate regional herbage biomass production in these arid landscapes. Two different approaches were examined, using (1) ground-based or (2) satellite-based data sources. Soil moisture and herbage growth data were collected over several growth seasons and five landscape types in Central Australia, and the data used to develop a model of soil moisture balance and herbage production for the region. The model has few parameters and only requires inputs of rainfall and potential evaporation to predict daily soil moisture and plant growth. Moisture loss in the 0-500 mm soil profile was modelled using a negative exponential function that depends on available soil moisture and is driven by potential evaporation. The growth of herbage, whilst soil moisture is above wilting point, is a linear function of actual evapotranspiration, with the decay of plant material represented by a logistic curve through time. Soil moisture, herbage biomass and species composition assessments made at hectare and square kilometre scales at four locations within Central Australia were examined to determine if a small sample area could be used to accurately describe the soil and plant conditions at a landscape scale. Moisture levels of the 0-200 and 0-500 mm soil profiles from nine samples were analysed for the beginning and conclusion of a growth season, whilst herbage biomass and species composition from 50 samples were compared at the end of the growth season. Results suggest that mean soil moisture levels determined in a 1 ha area are comparable with mean values in the surrounding 1 km2 area. Herbage biomass and species richness for a square kilometre can be assessed at a hectare site for some landscape types, but a larger sampling area (> 1 ha) is recommended for most rangeland assessments. Satellite data (NOAA-11) were examined for their potential application in assessing primary productivity in Central Australia. Several image correction techniques were tested to minimise the adverse effects of atmospheric contamination and illumination. Two measures of atmospheric moisture: (1) radiosonde data and (2) temperature differences between bands 4 and 5 of the NOAA satellite (split-window) were used to explain variations in NOAA-11 normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) on inert desert sites. The splitwindow approach provided the best single factor relationship (r2=0.63) and, when combined with scattering angle (illumination) effects, up to 81% of the variation in NDVI data could be explained. Field measurements of herbage biomass were correlated with four growth indices derived from NOAA-11 NDVI data. The influence of preflight and sensor degradation calibrations of Bands 1 and 2, and atmospheric correction techniques were also tested. Correlations between temporal sums of NDVI and herbage biomass data were relatively poor (r2<0.42) and unsuitable for herbage assessment in Central Australia. However, correlations between atmospherically corrected and background-adjusted maximum NDVI data and observed herbage biomass were strong (r2=0.91), that will allow primary production in the arid rangelands of Central Australia to be assessed rapidly and efficiently using remotely-sensed information.
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Venter, Daniel Barend. "An ecological approach to the reclamation and improvement of arid rangelands using adapted fodder plants." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03262007-124226.

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Aubault, Hélène. "Estimating the Impacts of Pastoral Activities Upon Wind Erosion in the Arid and Semi-arid Rangelands of Eastern Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368144.

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Wind erosion is widespread across the world’s drylands and includes the arid and semi-arid rangelands of Australia. An estimated 110 Mt of dust is eroded by wind from the Australian land surface each year, most of which originates from the arid and semi-arid rangelands. Livestock production is known to increase the susceptibility of the rangelands to wind erosion, and produce accelerated erosion, by reducing vegetation cover and modifying surface soil stability. Extended episodes of wind erosion have been reportedly caused by overgrazing notably in Australia in the 1940’s and 1960s. However, research is yet to fully understand and quantify the impacts of pastoral activities on the wind erosion of the rangelands. Better understanding of the impact of pastoral managements (e.g. stocking rates, land conditions) on wind erosion and information on how these impacts change through time and space are required. This should offer the possibility to better understand and estimate the impact of pastoral activities on wind erosion and provide information to land managers in order to reduce grazing impacts on wind erosion.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Griffith School of Environment<br>Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology<br>Full Text
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Knight, Colt Watson. "Intake, Reproductive, and Grazing Activity Characteristics of Range Cattle on Semi-arid Rangelands." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612879.

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ABSTRACT: Study One - Our objective was to characterize mature range cows based on intake and grazing activity. Starting in the early spring of 2013, 4 experiments were conducted. First, mature range cows (n = 137) were fitted with radio frequency identification tags (RFID) and placed in a dry-lot pen equipped with GrowSafe® technology to monitor DMI of alfalfa hay. These data were then used to assign cows a residual feed intake (RFI) value utilizing the National Research Council (NRC) (1996) model to predict intake of beef cattle. Cattle with negative and positive RFI were characterized as low-intake and high-intake, respectively. In addition, the following data were also recorded: weight (kg), age (mo), days pregnant (d), and body condition score (BCS). Second, 30 mature range cattle were selected from the first trial and fitted with pedometers for 7 d to monitor activity with step counts and estimate distance traveled. Third, mature range cows (n = 25) selected from the first trial were fitted with global position system (GPS) collars, and placed on pinyon-juniper rangeland from 20 June 2014 to 17 September 2014. Forth, mature range cows (n = 28) were fitted with GPS collars, and placed on ponderosa pine rangeland from 17 September 2014 to 15 October 2014. Distance traveled, slope, distance from water, elevation data were collected from both GPS trials. Low-intake and high-intake cows consumed 9.3 and 12.2 kg/d, respectively (P < 0.0001). Low-intake cattle became pregnant sooner (P = 0.002) than high-intake cattle (average of 16 d sooner). Cattle age (mo) equaled 90 and 98 for low- and high-intake cows, respectively (P = 0.04). Weight, predicted DMI, and BCS did not differ between groups (P > 0.06). Step counts for low- and high-intake animals were 5839 and 5383 ± 2089, respectively (P = 0.61), and estimated distance traveled was 4.31 and 5.35 ± 1.66 km d⁻¹ for low- and high-intake animals, respectively (P = 0.77). Low-intake cows (6.23 km d⁻¹) traveled farther (P = 0.005) each day than high-intake cows (5.84 km d⁻¹) on pinyon-juniper rangelands, and high-intake cows utilized (P = 0.013) steeper slopes. No differences were detected (P ≥ 0.06) for distance traveled, distance from water, and elevation for cows grazing ponderosa pine rangeland). However, low-intake cattle preferred (P = 0.046) steeper slopes on ponderosa pine rangeland than high-intake cattle. These results indicate that low-intake animals may travel farther on some rangelands and rebreed earlier. Study Two - Commercial grade heifers (n = 173) born and raised on the University of Arizona's V bar V Ranch from 2012 to 2014 were fitted with radio frequency identification tags (RFID) and placed in a drylot equipped with Growsafe® technology (8 bunks) for 60 d in 3 groups based on birth year in order to calculate DMI, residual feed intake (RFI), ADG, G:F, and residual gain (RG). Birth date, birth weight, weaning weight, age at start of trial, initial trial weight, and final trial weights were also recorded. Residual feed intake scores were utilized to place heifers in one of three treatment groups, low-, medium-, and high-intake. Reproductive and calf data were collected on heifers born in 2012. Means for birth date, birth weight, weaning weight, initial weight, final weight, and ADG did not differ among the three treatments. Residual gain for low-, medium-, and high-intake heifers were different (P < 0.05) at 0.07, 0.00, and -0.07 kg d⁻¹, respectively. Low-intake cattle had an improved (P < 0.05) GF ratio of 0.19 when compared to the medium- and high-intake heifers with ratios of 0.15 and 0.13 (P > 0.05), respectively. Differences (P <0. 05) in DMI were detected with low-, medium, and high-intake heifers consuming 5.2, 6.2, and 7.5 kg d⁻¹, respectively. No differences were detected for pregnancy rate, calving rate, percent bred artificial insemination (AI), percent bull calves, calf birth weight, and calf birth date among treatments (P > 0.05).Study Three - Commercially available GPS tracking collars for cattle are cost prohibitive to most researchers. This paper will present a low-cost alternative to those collars (Knight GPS tracking collars), and provide detailed instructions on where to source materials and how to fabricate inexpensive GPS tracking collars. In addition, the two types of collars will be compared in a study where Brangus cattle (n = 8) were each fitted with LOTEK® 3300 and Knight GPS tracking collars for 31 d beginning 14 March 2015 at the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) 37 km north of Las Cruces, New Mexico. Location, slope, distance from water, distance traveled and elevation were recorded every 10 min. A record of GPS fix rate was logged. No differences were detected (P≥0.369) between collar types for location, slope, or distance from water. However, there was a tendency (P = 0.08) for Knight collars to report a lower estimate for distance traveled at 6171 m d⁻¹ compared to Lotek collars at 7104 m d⁻¹. Fix rate was greater (P≤0.001) for Lotek collars compared to Knight collars at 99.9 and 66.2%, respectively. Study Four - Previously characterized commercial cows (n = 26) were placed into either high (positive RFI) or low intake (negative RFI) groups. On 14 May 2015, 13 high- and 13 low-intake cows were fitted with modified igotU GT-120® GPS logging collars. Cattle were then placed on rangeland for 120 d. The first 30 d period animals transitioned from desert shrubland to pinyon-juniper. From 31 to 60 d, animals grazed pinyon-juniper rangeland. Next, during days 61 to 90, animals transitioned from pinyon-juniper to ponderosa pine, and the last 30 d were spent in ponderosa pine. Time periods will be referred to as month 1, 2, 3, and 4 for days 0 to 30, 31 to 60, 61 to 90, and 91 to 120, respectively. Location, slope, distance from water, elevation, and time spent close to water were recorded every 10 min. No differences were observed in the utilization of elevation or distance traveled, or distance from water (P>0.05). Low intake animals used a higher maximum slope (P < 0.05) during month 3, but slope utilization differences were not detected for other portions of the trial (P > 0.05). Study Five - Hereford sires (n = 35) with 7 or more cow offspring on the University of Arizona V bar V ranch in Rimrock, Arizona were tested at Neogen laboratories in Lincoln, NE for an Igenity Gold genetic profile. Their residual feed intake (RFI), ADG, tenderness, marbling score, milk production percent choice, yield grade, fat thickness, ribeye area, heifer pregnancy rate, stayability, maternal calving ease, birthweight and docility were estimated. Sires were given a genetic RFI score based on their RFI profile and placed into one of three intake groups, low (< 0.5 SD), medium (± 0.5 SD) and high (> 0.5 SD). Performance traits of cow offspring (n = 839) from those sires were also compared based on their sire's intake group. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected among sire intake groups for ADG, tenderness, marbling score, percent choice, yield grade, fat thickness, ribeye area, heifer pregnancy rate, stayability, maternal calving ease, birthweight and docility. Residual feed intake differed among groups (P < 0.05), and high intake cattle had more estimated milk production compared to low intake animals (P < 0.05). Cows from low intake sires were born later in the year (P < 0.05). High intake cattle had a higher (P < 0.05) birthweight and survived longer (P < 0.05) in the herd when compared to low and medium intake cows. Genetic RFI and expected milk production were moderately to highly correlated.
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Choquenot, David. "The dynamics of feral pig populations in the semi-arid rangelands of Eastern Australia." Phd thesis, University of Sydney, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14299.

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Holmes, Philip. "The environmental and financial sustainability of pastoralism in Australian arid rangelands: a case study approach." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10502.

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THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF PASTORALISM IN AUSTRALIAN ARID RANGELANDS: A CASE STUDY APPROACH The question of the overall long-term sustainability of Australian arid rangeland pastoralism has never been satisfactorily addressed and remains unanswered. This study attempts to determine if arid rangeland pastoralism is concurrently financially and environmentally sustainable in the long term. This study was conducted over 12 years in the southern Alice Springs pastoral region with six pastoral businesses. The total area under management was 26,085 km2, carrying 38,683 cattle, with total assets under management of $42.1M. Definitions for both financial and environmental sustainability are presented and then assessed. The historical inherent profitability of the businesses in aggregate was not capable of funding all present and future liabilities and family needs. Using historic performance levels, the herd size would have to be increased by around 30% to meet this requirement and the environmental analysis showed that, in aggregate, the businesses were already overstocked. System dynamics modelling of the herd showed that if the carrying capacity was reduced to the long-term sustainable level, herd productivity could not be improved sufficiently to allow the businesses to fully fund all liabilities. This study concludes that commercial beef production is concurrently financially and environmentally unsustainable in the study group region and that there is a direct conflict between financial and environmental objectives for the study group businesses. The relatively few individual businesses with sufficient operating scale, non-degraded landscapes and skilled management may possibly be exceptions to the general conclusions drawn.
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Van, den Berg Loraine. "The evaluation and promotion of best practices for the restoration of arid- and semi-arid rangelands in southern Africa / Loraine van den Berg." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2036.

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Child, Brian. "The role of wildlife utilization in the sustainable economic development of semi-arid rangelands in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481088.

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Books on the topic "Arid rangelands"

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Gintzburger, Gustave. Rangelands of the arid and semi-arid zones in Uzbekistan. CIRAD, 2003.

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Dennis, Child R., Jones R. Katherine, AID/NPS Cooperative Program (U.S.), and Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development., eds. Arid and semiarid rangelands: Guidelines for development. Winrock International, 1987.

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Thilenius, John F. Vegetation on semi-arid rangelands, Cheyenne River Basin, Wyoming. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1995.

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1940-, Brown Gary R., Medina Alvin L, and Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), eds. Vegetation on semi-arid rangelands, Cheyenne River Basin, Wyoming. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1995.

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T, Du Toit Johan, Kock Richard, and Deutsch James, eds. Wild rangelands: Conserving wildlife while maintaining livestock in semi-arid ecosystems. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

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Toit, Johan T. Du. Wild rangelands: Conserving wildlife while maintaining livestock in semi-arid ecosystems. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

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T, Du Toit Johan, Kock Richard, and Deutsch James, eds. Wild rangelands: Conserving wildlife while maintaining livestock in semi-arid ecosystems. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

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Kakujaha-Matundu, Omu. Common pool resource management: The case of the eastern communal rangelands in semi-arid Namibia : a thesis. Shaker Pub., 2003.

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1950-, Burnside Don, and Western Australia. Dept. of Agriculture., eds. Reading the rangeland: A guide to the arid shrublands of Western Australia. Dept. of Agriculture, 1995.

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1937-, Squires V. R., and Sidahmed Ahmed E, eds. Drylands: Sustainable use of rangelands into the twenty-first century. IFAD, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Arid rangelands"

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Ericksen, Polly, Pierre Hiernaux, Augustine Ayantunde, Philip K. Thornton, Jason Sircely, and Lance Robinson. "Rangeland ecology." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute. CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0395.

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Abstract Rangelands research in arid and semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa has been reinvigorated by renewed government and donor interest in pastoral livelihoods. The challenges facing productive rangelands remain competition over resources, which has been exacerbated by armed conflict; overuse of some rangelands as fragmentation continues; and the failure of many technical and governance interventions. The unresolved development challenges of pastoralism in East and West Africa make it essential to renew long-term empirical research to understand rangeland dynamics and to develop appropriate public policies. The rangelands research agenda at the International Livestock Research Institue focuses on: (i) governance for better rangeland management; (ii) monitoring rangeland conditions to improve development interventions; (iii) understanding the interactions between climate change and the rangelands; and (iv) improving rangelands productivity for pastoral resilience.
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Petersen, Steven L., J. Derek Scasta, Kathryn A. Schoenecker, and Jacob D. Hennig. "Feral Equids." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_21.

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AbstractFeral horses (Equus ferus caballus) and burros (E. asinus) in North America, often referred to as free-roaming, free-ranging, or wild horses and burros, are introduced species that are currently increasing in arid and semi-arid rangelands. They differ from all other North American mammals by being the only feral species protected by federal law. These equids inhabit areas featuring rough topography, limited net primary productivity, and extreme weather conditions, and have potential to cause long-term ecosystem impacts. In this chapter, we review the historical and modern context of feral equids on North American rangelands including their evolutionary past and introduction to the continent, their relationships to the environment, and challenges associated with their management. The management of feral equids is perhaps more scrutinized than any other species because their legal status, body size, physiology, foraging patterns, and local abundance directly interacts and competes with rangeland resource quality, impacts native wildlife populations, and conflicts with the multiple-uses of the land that they inhabit.
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Maestas, Jeremy D., Joseph M. Wheaton, Nicolaas Bouwes, Sherman R. Swanson, and Melissa Dickard. "Water Is Life: Importance and Management of Riparian Areas for Rangeland Wildlife." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_7.

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AbstractWater scarcity and climatic variability shape human settlement patterns and wildlife distribution and abundance on arid and semi-arid rangelands. Riparian areas–the transition between water and land–are rare but disproportionately important habitats covering just a fraction of the land surface (commonly &lt; 2% in the western U.S.). Riparian areas provide critical habitat for fish and other aquatic species, while also supporting the vast majority (70–80%) of terrestrial wildlife during some portion of their life cycle. Diverse riparian types serve as vital sources of water and late summer productivity as surrounding uplands dry during seasonal drought. The health and function of rangeland riparian systems are closely tied to hydrology, geomorphology, and ecology. Riparian areas have attracted intense human use resulting in their widespread degradation. Conservation actions, including improved livestock grazing management and restoration, can help maintain and enhance riparian resilience to drought, wildfire, and flooding. This chapter provides readers with an introduction to the importance of riparian areas in rangelands, their nature and ecology, functions for wildlife, and prevailing management and restoration approaches.
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Busso, C. A., and Osvaldo A. Fernández. "Arid and Semiarid Rangelands of Argentina." In Climate Variability Impacts on Land Use and Livelihoods in Drylands. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56681-8_13.

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Roundy, Bruce A., and C. A. Call. "Revegetation of arid and semiarid rangelands." In Vegetation science applications for rangeland analysis and management. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3085-8_24.

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Lackett, Jill M., and Kathleen A. Galvin. "From Fragmentation to Reaggregation of Rangelands in the Northern Great Plains, USA." In Fragmentation in Semi-Arid and Arid Landscapes. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4906-4_5.

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Leonard, S. G., R. L. Miles, and P. T. Tueller. "Vegetation-soil relationships on arid and semiarid rangelands." In Vegetation science applications for rangeland analysis and management. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3085-8_10.

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Dawson, Terence J., and Adam J. Munn. "How much do kangaroos of differing age and size eat relative to domestic stock?: implications for the arid rangelands." In Animals of Arid Australia. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2007.044.

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Richard, Camille E. "Co-Management Processes to Maintain Livestock Mobility and Biodiversity in Alpine Rangelands of the Tibetan Plateau." In Conserving Biodiversity in Arid Regions. Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0375-0_18.

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Oñatibia, Gastón R. "Grazing Management and Provision of Ecosystem Services in Patagonian Arid Rangelands." In Ecosystem Services in Patagonia. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69166-0_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Arid rangelands"

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"Estimating soil organic carbon stocks using machine learning methods in the semi-arid rangelands of New South Wales." In 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.g1.wang.

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"Response of Soil Organic Matter to Changes in the differing intensities of grazing in semi-arid rangelands in Iran." In 2016 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20162430448.

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Alhamad, Mohammad N., and Shefaa M. Abdullah. "MODELING OF RANGELAND ECOSYSTEMS IN NORTHERN JORDAN." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s12.12.

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Grasslands is globally important vegetation type for providing feed resources for grazing animals. An improved understanding of the factors affecting the long-term productivity of the ecosystems will be beneficial, as well as to developing a better understanding of the role these ecosystems play in global environmental change. Arid and semi-arid Mediterranean grasslands provide valuable forage for grazing animals in the eastern part of the Mediterranean area and have been subjected to long-term unsustainable grazing practices, leading to degeneration of productivity and impacts plant community structure. The present study aimed to discover the validity of using Phytomass Growth Simulator Model (Phygrow) to simulate arid grassland ecosystems. The purpose is to build a Phygrow simulation model that can accurately estimate important eco-hydrological processes in arid grassland ecosystems. The weather parameter was taken from the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Important vegetation parameters and other key processes were simulated during the period 1981�2021 using the Phygrow model. The simulation was conducted for a grassland community within the Jordan University of Science and Technology JUST Campus. The model was able to reproduce all the general trends found in the study area, where peak growth is reached during the spring and ceased during the summer for annual spring growing species. The model has been successfully able to simulate leaf area index, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, leaf water storage, water stress, and temperature stress from 1981 to 2021.
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Aralova, Dildora, Kristina Toderich, Ben Jarihani, et al. "Environmental resilience of rangeland ecosystems: assessment drought indices and vegetation trends on arid and semi-arid zones of Central Asia." In SPIE Remote Sensing, edited by Ulrich Michel, Karsten Schulz, Manfred Ehlers, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos, and Daniel Civco. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2242563.

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Larabi, Hellen, and Dennis Kinyua. "Enhancing Preparedness and Response to Disease Outbreaks through implementing a one health approach in Isiolo county, Kenya." In 4th International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2024-gioh-07.

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This article delves into the realm of public health policies through the lens of One Health approach, through multi sectorial integration focusing on public health events related to climate change. Isiolo county serves as a pertinent backdrop, experiencing the emergence and re-emergence of diseases such as Covid-19, Rift Valley Fever (RVF), Yellow fever, and Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), amidst climatic changes such as drought and erratic rainfall patterns. The region's challenging terrain, arid conditions, and socio-economic vulnerabilities with poverty index at 72.5% and GAM rate of 17.8%, agricultural adversities, leading to decreased crop yields and heightened livestock mortality rates. One Health approach is pivotal in addressing health challenges comprehensively and promoting holistic well-being. The approach aims to control diseases, ensure food safety, and enhance community resilience by integrating veterinary, Environment (rangeland health) and human health sectors, The operationalization is mixed-methods cross-sectional and longitudinal designed to reach vulnerable communities in remote areas. An effective strategy necessitates collaboration among veterinary, environmental, and human health sectors, exemplified by a multi-sectoral response effort initiated during the Rift Valley Fever outbreak in November 2020. This effort involved various stakeholders such as the National Zoonotic Disease Unit, HEAL partners, and government departments. Capacity building of key community actors and Health care workers emerged as a crucial strategy, with emphasis on hygiene practices, prevention of zoonotic diseases, weather forecasting, and environmental conservation. Result showcase significant progress, including improved disease surveillance and prevention efforts, with improved referrals for diagnosis and treatment. One Health integrated outreach programs address socio-economic challenges, reaching thousands of households for both human and animal health. The County has a comprehensive five-year one health strategic plan aligned to the County integrated development plan. Analysis highlights achievements such as the development of a training manual and MOU of the three directorates. Lesson learned underscores the importance of multisectoral coordination, collaboration, capacity building and effective communication for One Health operationalization. Keywords: One Health, public health events, public health policies, collaboration, multidisciplinary, multisectoral coordination, One Health framework.
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Reports on the topic "Arid rangelands"

1

Ziegler, Nancy, Nicholas Webb, John Gillies, et al. Plant phenology drives seasonal changes in shear stress partitioning in a semi-arid rangeland. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47680.

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Accurate representation of surface roughness in predictive models of aeolian sediment transport and dust emission is required for model accuracy. While past studies have examined roughness effects on drag partitioning, the spatial and temporal variability of surface shear velocity and the shear stress ratio remain poorly described. Here, we use a four-month dataset of total shear velocity (u*) and soil surface shear velocity (us*) measurements to examine the spatiotemporal variability of the shear stress ratio (R) before, during, and after vegetation green-up at a honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) shrub-invaded grassland in the Chihuahuan Desert, New Mexico, USA. Results show that vegetation green-up, the emergence of leaves, led to increased drag and surface aerodynamic sheltering and a reduction in us* and R magnitude and variability. We found that us* decreased from 20% to 5% of u* as the vegetation form drag and its sheltering effect increased. Similarly, the spatiotemporal variability of R was found to be linked directly to plant phenological phases. We conclude that drag partition schemes should incorporate seasonal vegetation change, via dynamic drag coefficients and/or R, to accurately predict the timing and magnitude of seasonal aeolian sediment fluxes.
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