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Brown, N. Neil. "Gamma-gamma physics with the Argus detector." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66056.
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McLean, Kenneth W. 1961. "Two photon physics with the Argus detector." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63247.
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Cruywagen, Dennis, and Andrew Drysdale. "The Argus: Mandela, the road to freedom." The Argus, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76128.
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Months were spent researching and preparing this four-part series on the dramatic events surrounding NELSON MANDELA, the life-term prisoner who has cast a larger than life shadow on South African politics. Staff writer DENNIS CRUYWAGEN travelled extensively to interview at first hand — or by other means, where necessary — those stalwart ANC veterans who were convicted in the Rivonia Treason Trial and jailed with Mandela. He talked, too, to members of the Mandela family, politicians, lawyers and many others who were close to or knowledgeable about the ANC leader. Official records and other sources on the life and times of Nelson Mandela were also consulted. Compiling the vast amount of information sometimes led to unusual situations. For instance, Mrs Winnie Mandela, always pressed for time, was interviewed — not in her home in Diepkloof, Soweto, as arranged but in a hired car in a Johannesburg traffic jam while following a vehicle driven by her driver. She was late for another appointment. Drawn from various sources this series sets out to reconstruct an overview of 25 years and more of political and personal drama, passion and poignancy.Supplement to The Argus, Tuesday February 6 1990
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Castlind, Sese, and Mikael Eriksson. "Argus diskussionsforum : utifrån några utvalda medarbetares perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20977.
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The aim of this masters thesis was to study how the members of a small non-profit organisation perceived the web forum, compared to the other information channels of the organisation. The organisation was defined as a virtual community. A literature review was conducted. The theory construction was based on the sensemaking theory. Interview questions were constructed based on the literature review and the sensemaking theory. Ten members of the organisation were asked to participate in the study, of which six persons agreed to be respondents. The result showed that respondents do see the web forum as the single most important information channel when it comes to information exchange. In several different situations, they perceive information needs, seek for information and make use of the information as long as they do not perceive too great barriers. Another information behaviour was also noticed: usually the respondents do not seek specific information but discover relevant information by chance. This could sometimes be information that the respondent did not know he or she wanted until it was received. However, the respondents also consider other information channels in the information system to be important, especially meetings in real life. The thesis concludes with reflections of the research done and propositions of future research.Uppsatsnivå: D
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Hudelmaier, J. "Die Erfassung personenindividueller Sichtverhältnisse im PKW - Das Sichtanalysesystem ARGUS." Universität Potsdam, 2001. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/395/.
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Saull, P. R. B. (Patrick Richard Behrendt). "A measurement of the tau lepton lifetime at Argus /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34676.
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Data taken with the ARGUS detector at DESY, Hamburg, specifically tt pairs produced from e+e -- collisions in the energy range (10.4--10.6)GeV, are used to make a precision measurement of the tau lifetime. A new method is introduced which is independent of the beam position and envelope, and applicable to tau events having one-three topology. Applied to ARGUS data the method yields a value for the tau lifetime of tt=287+/-11st atistical+/-8systemat icfs.
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Saull, P. R. B. "A measurement of the tau lepton lifetime at ARGUS." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ37020.pdf.
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Cruywagen, Dennis, and Andrew Drysdale. "The Argus: Mandela, the Rivonia Trial, life or death?" The Argus, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76172.
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The Rivonia treason trial started on October 9, 1963, the same day that former Cape Town coloured singer Danny Williams made front page headlines by marrying a white girl in London. Those were the days when apartheid, not as “reformed” as it is today, was rigorously applied by the National Party government. Love, sex and marriage across the colour line were forbidden. Crooner Williams, 31, then riding the crest of the pop wave with his ballad “Moon River”, took his vows with Bobbi Carole, who married him against the wishes of her parents. Williams, fearing persecution, told an interviewer he would not be welcome in South Africa again. But most prominent by far on the front page that day was the Rivonia treason trial. A report from Pretoria — following the style of the times — said: “Eleven men — four whites, one Indian and six Natives — went on trial in the Supreme Court here today before Mr Justice Quartus de Wet (Judge President of the Transvaal) on charges of sabotage and of offences under the Suppression of Communism Act and of contravening the Criminal Law Amendment Act.”Supplement to The Argus, Wednesday February 7 1990
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Barreto, Alexandre de Barros. "Cyber-ARGUS framework - measuring cyber-impact on the mission." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2013. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2866.
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The use of cyberspace as a platform for military operations presents many new research challenges. Current security techniques are not sufficiently effective in protecting IT systems, as they fail to address the correlation between actions and effects across multiple domains. More specifically, modern IT systems permeate different areas, and assessing their security requires identifying how actions performed in the cyber domain affect the accomplishment of the mission';s operational goals. This thesis proposes a framework that links mission and infrastructure domains to measure cyber-effects on the mission. This framework, Cyber-ARGUS, consists of a C2 simulation environment, along with semantic technologies to provide consistent mapping between domains. Relevant information is stored in a semantic knowledge base about the nodes in the cyber domain, and then used to build a Bayesian Network to provide impact assessment. The technique is illustrated through the simulation of an air transportation scenario in which the C2 infrastructure is subjected to various cyber-attacks and their associated impact to the operations is assessed. The main contribution of this research is a methodology that enables cyber impact assessment in the ongoing mission to be achieved by using only overall effects (combination of effects produced by the attackers and defenders'; plans), without the need to know the enemy';s individual actions. This ability will also be used to generate more accurate relevant defense/offensive plans and scenarios. The environment not only supports the research presented in this thesis, but can also provide a platform to conduct general work on cyber situation awareness.
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Tourinho, Júlia Losada. "Estrutura populacional e filogeografia de Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804)." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5073.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorPanulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) é uma das principais espécies de lagosta no Atlântico, sendo um dos maiores recursos pesqueiros do Atlântico Ocidental, onde apresenta um alto valor comercial. A forte explotação da espécie resulta em uma grande pressão sobre suas populações. Recentemente, foi descoberto que sob o binômio P. argus estão contidas duas espécies crípticas que ocorrem em alopatria, uma na região do Caribe e outra na costa brasileira. Esta tese tem como objetivo estudar como se estruturam geneticamente as populações dessas duas espécies, com o propósito de fornecer mais informações para a determinação de estoques e um correto manejo das espécies, e analisar os processos históricos evolutivos que moldaram suas histórias demográficas. Para tal, foram estudados dois marcadores mitocondriais (região controle e o gene da Citocromo Oxidase I) e loci de microssatélites de indivíduos de 7 regiões do Caribe (Florida, Bahamas, Turks e Caicos, Porto Rico, Cuba, Colômbia e Venezuela) e 11 estados do Brasil (Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo). Dentro de cada espécie foram observadas duas linhagens mitocondriais diferentes, que co-ocorriam, de maneira homogênea, ao longo de suas distribuições. Hipotetiso que essas linhagens foram formadas a partir de um evento de vicariância com contato secundário ou como consequência de um efeito gargalo seguido de expansão. As duas linhagens são evidentes nas sequências da região controle mitocondrial, mas no gene da COI foram evidentes apenas em P. cf. argus do Caribe. As linhagens do Brasil se separaram há aproximadamente 233 - 288 mil anos e cada uma sofreu expansão em tempos diferentes, a primeira se expandiu há 100 mil anos e a segunda linhagem há 50 mil anos. As linhagens do Caribe se separaram cerca de 1 milhão de anos atrás e possuem o mesmo tempo de expansão, 50 mil anos. Os microssatélites não revelaram subdivisão populacional para nenhuma das duas espécies, porém os marcadores, juntos, sugeriram um fluxo gênico diferenciado entre localidades expostas a diferentes correntes marítimas. Considerando que essas lagostas são intensamente explotadas, é importante ser cuidadoso no momento de definir estoques pesqueiros. Para a espécie do Brasil, dois estoques pesqueiros foram sugeridos, o primeiro do Pará à Bahia e o segundo do sul da Bahia a São Paulo. Para a espécie do Caribe, foi mantida e reforçada a hipótese de quatro estoques sugerida pela FAO (Norte, Sul, Centro-Norte e Centro-Sul).
Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) is one of the main lobster species in the Atlantic, and one of the largest fisheries in the western Atlantic, with a high commercial value. The heavy exploitation of the species results in much pressure on its populations. Recently, it was discovered that under the name P. argus there are two cryptic species that occur in allopatry, one in the Caribbean and the other on the coast of Brazil. This thesis studies the population genetic structure of those two species with the purpose of providing more information to delimitate stocks for fisheries management, and for understanding the historical processes that have shaped their evolutionary demographic histories. For this, we analysed two mitochondrial markers (control region and the Cytochrome Oxidase I gene) and microsatellite markers of individuals from 7 localities in the Caribbean (Florida, Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Colombia, and Venezuela) and 11 States of Brazil (Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo). Within each species two different mitochondrial lineages were observed. They occurred throughout their distributions, and it is hypothesized that they were formed from a vicariance event with secondary contact or are the result of a genetic bottleneck followed by expansion. The lineages of P. cf. argus from Brazil were only observed in the mitochondrial control region and were separated approximately 233-288 thousand years ago, and each lineage underwent expansion at different times: the first expanded 100,000 years ago and the second 50,000 years ago. The lineages of the Caribbean species were found for the two mitochondrial markers. They were separated about 1 million years ago and have had the same expansion time, 50,000 years. Microsatellites revealed no population subdivision for either species, but the molecular markers together suggest a differential gene flow between localities exposed to different currents. Since these lobsters are heavily exploited, it is important to be conservative when defining their fishing stocks. For the species from Brazil, two fishing stocks are suggested, the first from Pará to Bahia States and the second from Southern Bahia to São Paulo State. For the species of the Caribbean, our data give support to the four stocks suggested by FAO (North, South, North Central and South Central).
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Tzamariudaki, Ekaterini. "A study of B0-B̄0 mixing using the ARGUS detector." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28944.
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Using the ARGUS detector at the $e sp+e sp-$ storage ring DORIS II at DESY, a study of the decay $ bar{B} sp0 rightarrow D sp{*+} ell sp- bar{v}$ has been performed by exploiting a partial $D sp{*+}$ reconstruction technique. The branching ratio was determined to be (4.4 $ pm$ 0.3 $ pm$ 0.3)% for this mode, and for the higher excited $D sbsp{(J)}{*}$ states $Br( bar{B} sp0 rightarrow D sbsp{(J)}{*} sp+ ell sp- bar{v})=(2.5 pm 0.6 pm0.5)$%. Furthermore, the inclusive $D sp{*+}$ branching ratio in B decays was measured by fully reconstructing $D sp{*+}$ candidates.Using a tagged subset of this sample of $B sp0$ meson decays in the mode $ =B sp0 rightarrow D sp{*+} ell sp- =v, B sbsp{d}{0} longleftrightarrow =B sbsp{d}{0}$ oscillations have been studied. For this purpose two tagging techniques have been applied: the standard method of using fast leptons, and a new technique which makes use of kaons to tag the b flavour content. Combining the values obtained by these two methods, the $B sp0 =B sp0$ mixing parameter $ chi sb{d}$, used to denote the strength of the oscillations, was determined to be $ chi sb{d} = 0.165 pm0.057$.
In addition, using fully reconstructed $D sp{*+}$ candidates, a third study of the $B sp0 =B sp0$ mixing parameter was carried out by investigating $D sp{*+}K sp{ pm}$ correlations. The mixing measurements obtained using kaons to tag the B meson flavour employ this technique for the first time. Future CP violation measurements at B Factories will place critical reliance on this method.
Finally, using the extracted value for the mixing parameter $ chi sb{d}$, the CKM matrix element $V sb{td}$ was determined and the $B sbsp{s}{0} =B sbsp{s}{0}$ mixing parameter $ chi sb{s}$ was obtained.
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Streicher, Helga. "Profiling participants of the Cape Argus Cycle Tour / Helga Streicher." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5047.
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Sport tourism, as a segment of tourism, is one of the fastest growing industries. Sport events have grown enormously over the last two decades and, as a part of sport tourism, they are a very powerful tool that is used to market a country. Sport tourism also creates an internationally recognised image and attracts tourists from all over the world.
One of the internationally recognised sport events held annually in Cape Town is the Pick In Pay Cape Argus Cycle Tour (ACT). Originally started in 1977, it has grown to attract 32 000 cyclists by 2008. However, as with any event, the ACT's life cycle reached a climax and is currently on a downward slope, in terms of participation figures. This decline was the motivation for starting this study. As such, it was determined that the goal of this study would be to profile the participants in the ACT as this information could provide some of the reasons for the decline in numbers. In order for the researcher to successfully profile the participants, three objectives were formulated. Firstly, the reasons why cyclists participated in the ACT, in other words their travel motives, were examined. Secondly, it was determined which variables had a significant influence on cyclists' spending behaviour while visiting Cape Town. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were presented, and a profile of the participants was compiled.
The research was done by means of using a questionnaire with three sections. The first section sought demographic information while section B measured the spending behaviour of the respondents. The last section established what motivated the cyclist to participate in the ACT. The survey took place from 5 - 8 March 2008 during the registration period at the Good Hope Centre of the city of Cape Town. A total of 583 completed questionnaires were received by the fieldworkers. The data analyses were then performed by firstly capturing the data into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The statistical program, SPSS, was then used for the further analyses. A factor analysis was performed in order to achieve the first objective of determining what motivated cyclists to participate in the ACT. Then a regression analysis helped to establish which variables influenced cyclists' spending. After all the analytical procedures were completed, the results of the factor analyses indicated the cyclists were motivated by the attractiveness of the event, by personal motivation and by a desire to escape from the daily routines and so to relax. The regression analyses lead to the results that the following variables determine how much money cyclists spend; marital status; province of residence; the number of nights stayed in Cape Town and which accommodation cyclists used. These results both confirmed and contradicted the results of previous research, even though this was the first time this type of research had been applied to a sport event in South Africa.
This research can be used by event organisers to apply more effective target marketing and to develop new strategies to encourage an increase in participation figures. This research can also be used to improve business relationships between the different role players in an event. Further, product improvements can be made from certain recommendations.Thesis (M.Com. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Luo, Y. H. "Argus® II Retinal Prosthesis System : clinical & functional outcomes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1559629/.
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Developing artificial visual systems to restore sight in blind patients has long been the dream of scientists, clinicians and the public at large. After decades of research, the greatest success in the field has been achieved with electronic retinal prostheses. To date, 3 retinal prosthetic systems have made the transition from laboratory / clinical research to entering the commercial market for clinical use, namely the Argus® II Retinal Prosthesis System (Second Sight), the alpha-IMS system (Retinal Implant AG), and the IRIS® II (Pixium Vision). The following body of work describes the Argus® II Retinal Prosthesis system, which obtained regulatory approval in the European Economic Area in 2011 (CE marking) and later on in the USA (FDA approval in February 2013), based on the results of an international multi-centre clinical feasibility trial (Clinical Trial identifier: NCT 00407602). This thesis aims to examine the long-term clinical and functional outcomes in an early cohort of subjects chronically implanted with the Argus® II system, from the original feasibility study. A further aim is to elucidate the characteristics of the artificial vision that is perceived and its long-term repeatability and reproducibility in individual subjects. These two broad aims will assist in understanding the nature of the visual performance provided by this device, as well as to add to the current data that is defining the feasibility of constructing predictable pixelated patterns to achieve useful artificial vision in the future. Finally, we explored the feasibility of real-time imaging of visual cortex activation in response to electrical retinal stimulation with the Argus® II system, using functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS). Development of this real-time imaging tool will enable future investigations into the differences in the cortical activities in response to different stimulations and in different subjects. This may in turn help us understand the variability in their visual performance, as well as to further explore the extent and effect of cross-modal plasticity at the cortical level, in this cohort of patients who have been deprived of visual inputs for decades. Visual function was assessed in terms of: a) form recognition and b) spatial localisation under both 2-dimensional (2D) screen-based laboratory settings and 3-dimensional (3D) paradigms simulating real-life settings. A prospective study of 11 Argus® II subjects showed that the subjects could identify distinct geometric shapes presented in high contrast better with the prosthetic system switched on (median % of correct identification = 20.0%, IQR = 18.8), versus off (median = 12.5%, IQR = 5.0). The accuracy of shapes identification could be further improved by enhancing the outlines of the geometric shape (median = 33.1%, IQR = 21.6). A further prospective study from a subset of 7 subjects showed that this 2D shape identification could be translated into improved identification of 3D objects. These subjects could identify 8 common daily-life objects presented in high contrast with the prosthetic system switched on (median = 31.3%, IQR = 20.3) versus off (median = 12.5%, IQR = 12.5). Scrambling of the transmission signals within the prosthetic system in order to separate light information from form information (i.e. “scrambled mode”) hindered the identification in some but not all subjects (median = 25.0%, IQR = 12.5). The accuracy of object identification could also be improved by enhancing the edges of objects (median = 43.8%, IQR = 15.6). Previously published data showed that Argus® II subjects were able to locate and point to white squares presented on touch screens against a black background more accurately with the prosthetic system switched on versus off. We demonstrated with a prospective study of 5 subjects that they could localise an object on the table, reach out and grasp the object (prehension) with great accuracy (66.7 – 100%) when the prosthetic system was switched on, versus no object prehension (0%) with the system switched off. A prospective study of 6 Argus® II subjects illustrated that while there was a wide variation in the shape and size of the phosphenes perceived by individual subjects, the elicited phosphenes were consistently reproducible in each subject using fixed stimulating parameters, with inter-stimuli intervals ranging from 20 minutes apart, down to 1 second. The perceived location of the phosphenes grossly matched retinotopic agreement, with 4 subjects drawing phosphenes in the same visual field quadrant as predicted by the relative stimulus-fovea position, and 2 subjects depicting phosphenes in the same hemi-field as the expected locations. A retrospective study of 3 Argus® II subjects who underwent MRI brain scan (for unrelated medical reasons) showed that MRI brain scans of up to 1.5 Tesla field strength appeared to have no detrimental effect on the subjects and their implant function. The Argus® II implant produced an artefact of around 50mm x 50mm in size which would prevent visualisation of structures within the orbit, but visualisation of surrounding tissues outside this areas are unaffected. The use of functional MRI as a tool of exploring visual cortex activation in Argus® II subjects was discounted, due to concerns of signal interference from the radiofrequency telemetry of Argus® II system with that of MRI. Subsequently, we have demonstrated in a prospective study that an alternative neuro-imaging technique, functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS), was capable of capturing real-time cortical activation in 5 out of 6 Argus® II subjects, and maybe a feasible tool for future investigation into cortical function and interactions. The work in this thesis has shown that the Argus® II retinal prosthesis system could improve visual function both in terms of form recognition, as well as object localisation in 3D in situations simulating real-life settings, in a cohort of patients with end-stage retinitis pigmentosa or other outer retinal diseases such as choroideremia. The wide variation in the visual performance level observed could in part be attributable to the diversity in the phosphene features perceived by these subjects. Nevertheless, the consistency and reproducibility with which these phosphenes could be elicited, with fixed stimulating parameters within each subject, provides an encouraging basis for the construction of more complicated pixelated images. Future work to determine the underlying factors influencing the perceived phosphene characteristics, may allow for better prediction of functional outcome, which could in turn be useful for patient selection and tailored preoperative counselling. For those subjects already implanted with the Argus® II system, future work into determining the suitable stimulating parameters for each electrode / quad stimulation may be required for individual subjects, to achieve the construction of optimised and useful, pixelated prosthetic vision.
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Howard, Elizabeth Helen Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "A laboratory study of the 'shoreline' detected in video imagery." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41497.
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A controlled laboratory experiment was undertaken to simulate varying swash zone characteristics and sensor-target geometry found in digital images collected by ARGUS coastal imaging systems. Using a hyperspectral sensor, reflectance data were integrated over the respective red, blue and green wavelengths corresponding to a standard ARGUS video imaging sensor. The dominant swash zone parameters affecting shoreline detection were found to be the presence or absence of surface foam, site-specific sediment characteristics (especially colour), and water depth. Winter versus summer solar elevation and the sensor zenith were also found to affect the cross-shore location of the detected waterline. With this new information, site- and time-specific corrections can be applied to coastal digital imagery, to improve the confidence of shoreline detection.
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Ellis, Sam. "Ecological studies of the butterflies of magnesian limestone grassland." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295744.
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LourenÃo, Jullyermes AraÃjo. "Desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes de lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palinuridae) submetidos a diferentes temperaturas em condiÃÃes de laboratÃrio." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6578.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoDevido a grande importÃncia econÃmica da lagosta espinhosa para a RegiÃo Nordeste, principalmente para o Estado do Cearà e tambÃm pela sobrexplotaÃÃo em que esse crustÃceo encontra-se atualmente, o Centro de Tecnologia em AqÃicultura do Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, vÃm realizando pesquisas com o intuito de contribuir para o estabelecimento de uma metodologia bÃsica de cultivo para lagosta em laboratÃrio. Dessa forma, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi verificar a influÃncia de cinco diferentes temperaturas no desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes da lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus em laboratÃrio, sendo estas delineadas da seguinte forma: 24, 26, 28, 30 e 32 ÂC, resultando em cinco tratamentos com quatro repetiÃÃes, totalizando 20 indivÃduos, sendo dado um carÃter inteiramente casualizado ao experimento. Os juvenis foram coletados em marÃs baixas de sizÃgia (- 0,1 e 0,0 m) atravÃs de mergulho e puÃà plÃstico nas imediaÃÃes da Ponte dos Ingleses, Praia de Iracema, Fortaleza, CearÃ, Brasil, onde apresentaram inicialmente peso mÃdio, comprimento mÃdio do cefalotÃrax e comprimento mÃdio total de 2,680 g; 13,8 mm e 40,4 mm, respectivamente. O desenvolvimento dos indivÃduos foi determinado atravÃs de anÃlises e observaÃÃes dos parÃmetros de crescimento em peso e comprimento, nÃmero de mudas, perÃodo de intermudas e taxa de sobrevivÃncia. O procedimento experimental foi realizado em cinco caixas de polietileno medindo 37 x 55,5 cm, com capacidade para 30 L de Ãgua, cada. Foram colocados filtros biolÃgicos e aeraÃÃo artificial para melhorar a qualidade e a taxa de oxigÃnio dissolvido da Ãgua, ambos acoplados a compressores de ar para aquÃrios. O experimento teve duraÃÃo de 180 dias, sendo realizadas biometrias mensais, observando-se o crescimento e o ganho em peso, bem como, o comportamento dos indivÃduos. A alimentaÃÃo foi composta pelo molusco Tegula sp. e nÃuplios recÃm eclodidos de Artemia franciscana na proporÃÃo de 2 nÃuplios/ml, ofertada uma vez ao dia atà a saciedade dos juvenis. A temperatura da Ãgua foi mantida constante atravÃs de aquecedores termostatos, e, os valores de pH e salinidade controlados sempre que necessÃrio com trocas parciais de Ãgua. Ao final do experimento, obteve-se os seguintes percentuais de sobrevivÃncia: 75%, 100%, 100% e 75% para os tratamentos 24, 26, 28 e 30 ÂC, respectivamente, sendo que os indivÃduos pertencentes ao tratamento 32 ÂC morreram antes de completar um mÃs de cultivo. Os valores mÃdios de pH e salinidade para os tratamentos 24, 26, 28 e 30ÂC, foram: 7,86  0,31; 7,56  0,3; 7,91  0,31; 7,67  0,31 e 38,6  1,3â; 38,6 1,1â; 38,8  0,9â; 38,8  1â, respectivamente, permanecendo dentro da faixa de normalidade segundo o Teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e iguais estatisticamente atravÃs do Teste t-Student ( = 0,05). Os dados biomÃtricos finais para os tratamentos 24, 26, 28 e 30 ÂC, foram: 5,104 g, 24,3 mm e 52,1 mm; 8,345 g, 29,8 mm e 63,6 mm; 9,129 g, 32,7 mm e 69,9 mm; 5,971 g, 23,2 mm e 52,8 mm para o peso, comprimento do cefalotÃrax e comprimento total, respectivamente. Foi observado ainda, um total de 39 mudas no experimento, sendo oito para o tratamento 24 ÂC, dez para o tratamento 26 ÂC, treze para o tratamento 28 ÂC e oito para o tratamento 30 ÂC. Os procedimentos estatÃsticos mostraram que houve diferenÃa estatÃstica significativa entre os tratamentos ao final do experimento, comprovado atravÃs da ANOVA e do Teste de Tukey (P < 0,05), sendo analisadas as mÃdias de peso e dos comprimentos, bem como, os percentuais dos incrementos em crescimento e perÃodo de intermudas dos indivÃduos. A taxa de sobrevivÃncia final nÃo apresentou diferenÃa estatÃstica significativa atravÃs do Teste do Qui-Quadrado (P > 0,05). Analisando os dados separadamente, podemos concluir que o tratamento 28 ÂC representou a melhor temperatura em relaÃÃo ao desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes de P. argus em ambiente controlado, quando comparado Ãs temperaturas 24, 26, 30 e 32 ÂC sob as mesmas condiÃÃes. Existe um consenso por parte da comunidade cientÃfica e de empresÃrios vinculados ao setor lagosteiro que sÃo necessÃrios mais estudos sobre o cultivo de lagostas, cujo objetivo maior à implantar um projeto piloto sustentÃvel no ambiente marinho, visando gerar emprego e renda para as comunidades locais e tambÃm aumentar a oferta desse recurso no mercado, pois sua pesca jà se encontra com fortes declÃnios de produÃÃo
Because of the great economic importance of the spiny lobster in North-east Brazil, mainly in Ceara State and also most fisheries are overexploited, Aquaculture Technology Center, Federal University of Ceara has been directed research towards essential technical design for basic methodology to the culture of spiny lobster in laboratory. Then, the objective of the present study is to verify the influence of five differents temperature in development of early juvenile spiny lobster Panulirus argus in laboratory. An entirely random delineation was applied: 24, 26, 28, 30 e 32 ÂC, resulting in 5 treatments, repeated 4 times, coming to a total of 20 individuals, Recent offspring of P. argus lobster were captured with a plastic fish trap in the low tides of spring tides (0.0 and â 0.1m) near English bridge, Iracema Beach, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. The initial average weight (g), average cephalotorax (mm) and total (mm) length of spiny lobsters were 2.680g; 13.8mm e 40.4mm, respectively. The individuals development was determined through the analyses and observations of the following parameters: increments in weight and length, number of molts, intermolt periods and survival rate. Chemical and physical parameters, biometric data, number and frequency of molts per individual, survival rate were analyzed for the determination of statistical tests. The experiment was conducted in 5 polyethylene box, measuring 37 x 55.5 cm, with capacity each for 30 liters of water. The spiny lobster culture system was provided with biological filter and artificial aeration to improve water quality. The experiment was carried out during 180 days. Biometric data was recorded every month, observing behavior, weight and length of individuals. Animals were fed on mollusk Tegula sp. and live Artemia nauplii consisting of 2 nauplius/ml. The juvenile were fed once a day. Water temperature was maintained constant by a heater with thermostat. When necessary, the value of pH and salinity was maintained changing part of culture water. At the end of experiment, survival rate were 75%, 100%, 100% e 75% for the treatments 24, 26, 28 e 30 ÂC, respectively. The individuals died within one month for the treatment 32 ÂC. The average value of pH and salinity for the treatments 24, 26, 28 e 30 ÂC, were: 7.86 Â 0.31; 7.56 Â 0.3; 7.91 Â 0.31; 7.67 Â 0.31 e 38.6 Â 1.3â; 38.6Â 1.1â; 38.8 Â 0.9â; 38.8 Â 1â, respectively, remaining within the normal level according to the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test and statistically equal through t-Student test (Â = 0.05). The final biometric data for the treatments 24, 26, 28 and 30 ÂC, were: 5.104 g, 24.3 mm and 52.1 mm; 8.345 g, 29.8 mm and 63.6 mm; 9.129 g, 32.7 mm and 69.9 mm; 5.971 g, 23.2 mm and 52.8 mm for the weight, cephalotorax and total lengths. It was observed yet in the experiment, a total of 39 molts, 8 for the treatment 24 ÂC, 10 for the treatment 26 ÂC, 13 for the treatment 28 ÂC and 8 for the treatment 30 ÂC. The statistical procedure ANOVA and Tukey Test (P < 0.05) at the end of experiment showed that there were significant differences among the treatments being analyzed average weight and length, increments percentage in growth and intermolt period of the individuals. The final survival rate didnÂt showed statistical significant differences with Qui-Quadrado test (P > 0.05). We can concluded that the treatment 28 ÂC represented the best temperature in relation to the development of early juveniles P. argus in controled environment, when the temperature 24, 26, 30 e 32 ÂC were compared under the same condition. There is a consensus of opinion of the scientific communities and businessman linked to the fishing enterprises which more research is needed on the culture of the spiny lobster, whose main objective is to develop a pilot project economically feasible in marine environment, contributing to the generation of profitable activity and employment to the local communities and also increasing yields and delivered to markets. Thus assuming that growth overfishing is bound to be the main cause of decline in the catch of spiny lobster
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Tsipolitis, George. "[Omega omega] and [rho]+[rho-] production in two photon interactions at ARGUS." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74351.
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The reactions $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ 2$ pi sp+2 pi sp-2 pi sp0$ and $ gamma gamma to pi sp+ pi sp- pi sp0 pi sp0$ have been studied by using the ARGUS detector at the $e sp+e sp-$ storage ring DORIS II at DESY.In the $2 pi sp+2 pi sp-2 pi sp0$ final state the production of $ omega$-mesons is observed and in particular the reaction $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ omega omega$ is seen for the first time. The cross section for $ gamma gamma to omega omega$ is found to have an enhancement at $ sim$1.9GeV/c$ sp2$ of about 12 nb. The topological cross sections for the reactions $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ 2$ pi sp+2 pi sp-2 pi sp0$ and $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ omega pi sp+ pi sp- pi sp0$ are also measured.
The production of charged $ rho$-mesons is observed in the $ pi sp+ pi sp- pi sp0 pi sp0$ final state. The cross section for the reaction $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ rho sp+ rho sp-$ is measured for the first time. The cross section did not show a threshold enhancement similar to that found in the reaction $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ rho sp0 rho sp0$ and is about a factor of four smaller. A spin parity analysis of the $ rho sp+ rho sp-$ system shows that the cross section is dominated by the two amplitudes $J sp{P}$ = 0$ sp+$ and $J sp{P}$ = 2$ sp+$ with helicity 2.
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Saull, P. R. B. (Patrick Richard Behrendt). "Search for B [minus] [going to] [rho] [lepton] [anti-neutrino] at ARGUS." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60511.
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Data taken with the ARGUS detector at DESY, Hamburg, specifically BB pairs produced from $e sp+e sp-$ collisions at the energy of the $ Upsilon$(4S) resonance, are used to investigate the decay channel $B sp- to rho sp0 ell sp- bar nu.$ Observation of a signal would be conclusive evidence that the CKM matrix element $V sb{ub}$ is non-zero, a necessary condition for the validity of the Kobayashi-Maskawa explanation for CP violation. The recoil mass technique is employed to try to isolate signal events. Monte Carlo data are used to model the signal background, which is dominated by reasonably well understood $b to c$ decays. Using the model of Wirbel, Stech, and Bauer, a model-dependent upper limit of 1.6 $ times$ 10$ sp{-2}$ is placed on the value of $ vert V sb{ub} vert$ at 90% confidence. The results, however, suggest that further study of the $b to c$ background is warranted. In particular, B meson transitions to states with higher mass than the $D sp*$ may contribute significantly.
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Li, Caiwen. "The infection dynamics of PaV1 in the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616740.
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Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1) is an emerging disease in Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus. It is considered a threat to the lobster industry in the Florida Keys. In order to understand the infection dynamics of the PaV1 virus in the lobster host, a sensitive and specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was developed for diagnosis of PaV1 in lobsters. The lower limit of detection using the 110-bp DNA probe in a dot-blot hybridization for PaV1 was 10 pg of cloned DNA template and 10 ng of genomic DNA extracted from hemolymph of diseased spiny lobster. The probe specifically hybridized to PaV1-infected cells in all the tissues tested. The probe did not hybridize with host tissues of uninfected spiny lobsters, nor did it cross-react with other virus samples tested. A primary culture of hemocytes was developed for in vitro study of PaV1. The modified Leibovitz L-15 medium supported the best survival of hemocytes in cultures. Hyalinocytes and semigranulocytes maintained higher viability (∼ 80%) after 18 days when cultured separately. Hyalinocytes and semigranulocytes were susceptible to PaV1 in vitro. Cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed as early as 12 h post-inoculation, followed by cell debris and cellular exudates in inoculated cultures. This assay was further developed to assess viral load in hemolymph of diseased lobsters using a 50 tissue culture infectious dose assay (TCID50) based on CPE. The histopathology and hematology of the spiny lobster infected with PaV1 were studied over time courses of experimental infection. The fixed phagocytes in the hepatopancreas were the primary site of PaV1 infection in spiny lobsters. Infection was subsequently observed in the hepatopancreas, gill, heart, hindgut, glial cells around the ventral nerves, as well as in the cuticular epidermis and foregut. as the disease progressed, the hepatopancreas became significantly altered, with hemal sinuses filled with massive amounts of cellular aggregates, including infected circulating hemocytes and a proliferation of infected spongy connective tissues. The virus caused significant decreases in total hemocyte density in later stages of infection and significantly altered several constituents in the hemolymph serum of diseased lobsters, including: glucose, phosphorus, triglycerides, and lipase.
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Nascimento, Carine Belarmino do. "Variações de temperatura e salinidade do meio e seus efeitos no processo de osmorregulação da lagosta Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/21749.
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NASCIMENTO, Carine Belarmino do. Variações de temperatura e salinidade do meio e seus efeitos no processo de osmorregulação da lagosta Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804). 2015. 82 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola)-Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015.Submitted by Anderson Silva Pereira (anderson.pereiraaa@gmail.com) on 2017-01-19T19:05:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_cbnascimento.pdf: 1815598 bytes, checksum: ed67ab3c622d0f089ca438dcff73d0b5 (MD5)
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The lobster Panulirus Argus, for decades, is the most important fishing resource in the Northeast. However, due to the sharp fishing effort, the stocks are currently over-exploited.One solution would be the development of technological packages which make easy the growth of this species in captivity. The place where the lobsters live appears to be the definition of comfort based on the environmental context, when we analyze the environmental characteristics due to the comfort zone of cultivated species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mixed effect of differents temperature and salinity in controlled laboratory environments by determining and interpreting the osmolality of the hemolymph of Panulirus argus lobster. The study was developed at the Center for Studies in Aquaculture Coast Sea Institute of Sciences of the Federal University in Ceará between April 2014 to January 2015. Lobsters were evaluated (both sexes) when they were abruptly submited to varying conditions of temperature and salinity for a continuous period about three hours. The experiment was achieved in two steps, based on each of the set temperatures, respectively 22°C and 28°C.Combined effects of temperature with different salinities (15‰, 20‰, 25‰, 30‰, 35‰,40‰) were checked with a total of four repetitions for each tested salinity. The temperature were monitored, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity and animal behavior as mobility and acceptance of food. It was observed there were significant differences (p <0.05) in Osmoregulatory behavior of Argus Panulirus lobsters that live in environments in terms of different salinities and the animals submited seawater around osmolality 1127 mOsm (40 %) to 22 ° C and 1081 mOsm (40 %) to 28 ° C were possibly in comfort situation. Despite the significant absence (p> 0.05) of the variation of osmolality of the hemolymph following the two temperatures tested in selected animals to the same salinity, it is clear that individuals kept at a temperature of 22 ° C results showed 100% survival when exposed to salinity of 20 ‰ considered lethal for lobsters. When these animals are submited bruptly to salinity of 15 % in these two temperatures tested showed 100 % mortality in the first three hours of exposure.The physical and chemical parameters , oxygen and pH of the water remained normal standards regarding lobster Panulirus Argus maintained in the laboratory.
A lagosta Panulirus argus, há décadas, é o recurso pesqueiro mais importante da região Nordeste. No entanto, devido ao acentuado esforço de pesca, os estoques atualmente se encontram sobre-explorados. Uma solução seria o desenvolvimento de pacotes tecnológicos que viabilizassem o crescimento dessa espécie em cativeiro. A ambiência surge como sendo a definição de conforto baseada no contexto ambiental, quando se analisa as características de meio ambiente em função da zona de conforto das espécies cultivadas. Objetivou-se nesse trabalho avaliar o efeito combinado de diferentes temperaturas e salinidades em ambientes controlados de laboratório através da determinação e interpretação da osmolalidade da hemolinfa da lagosta Panulirus argus. O estudo foi realizado no Centro de Estudos emAquicultura Costeira do Instituto de Ciências do Mar da Universidade Federal do Ceará entre os períodos de abril de 2014 a janeiro de 2015. Foram avaliadas lagostas de ambos os sexos quando as mesmas foram submetidas abruptamente a condições variadas de temperatura e salinidade por um período contínuo de três horas. O experimento foi realizado em duas etapas, tendo como base cada uma das temperaturas estabelecidas, respectivamente 22°C e 28°C. Efeitos combinados das temperaturas com diferentes salinidades (15‰, 20‰, 25‰, 30‰, 35‰, 40‰) foram testados, com um total de quatro repetições para cada salinidade testada. Foram monitorados oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura, pH, e salinidade. Observou-se que existiram diferenças significativas (p<0,05), no comportamento osmorregulatório das lagostas Panulirus argus que habitam ambientes distintos em termos de salinidades e que os animais submetidos à osmolalidade de água do mar em torno de 1127 mOsm (40‰) para a temperatura de 22°C e 1081 mOsm (40‰) para a temperatura de 28°C estavam possivelmente em situação de maior conforto. Apesar da ausência significativa (p>0,05) da variação da osmolalidade da hemolinfa em função das duas temperaturas testadas em animais selecionados a uma mesma salinidade, percebe-se que indivíduos mantidos na temperatura de 22°C apresentaram resultados de 100% de sobrevivência quando expostos a salinidades de 20‰ consideradas letais para as lagostas. Animais submetidos abruptamente à salinidade de 15‰ nas duas temperaturas testadas apresentaram 100% de mortalidade nas três primeiras horas de exposição. Os parâmetros físico-químicos, oxigênio e pH da água mantiveram-se dentro dos padrões da normalidade em relação à lagosta P. argus mantida em laboratório.
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McLean, Kenneth W. 1961. "[pi]+[pi]- gamma and [kappa]+[kappa]- production in two photon collisions at ARGUS." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74315.
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The production of the final states K$ sp+$K$ sp-$ and $ eta sp prime to pi sp+ pi sp- gamma$ in $ gamma gamma$ collisions has been measured using the ARGUS detector. The product $ Gamma sb{ gamma gamma}( eta sp prime)$Br$( eta sp prime to rho gamma)$ has been determined. The topological cross section for the production of charged kaon pairs in two-photon collisions has been measured and the $ gamma gamma$-widths and interference parameters for the tensor mesons f$ sb2$(1270), a$ sb2$(1320) and f$ sbsp{2}{ prime}$(1525) have been extracted. The helicity structure assumed for the K$ sp+$K$ sp-$ continuum contribution has a significant effect on the result. Upper limits have been obtained for the $ gamma gamma$-widths of the glueball candidate states f$ sb2$(1720) and X(2230).
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RICLET, EMMANUEL. "Recrutement et essais d'elevage de la langouste panulirus argus (latreille, 1804) en martinique." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066608.
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La langouste panulirus argus est une espece vitale pour l'economie de la region caraibe. Comme la plupart des populations animales recifales, p. Argus connait une phase larvaire pelagique. Apres 6 a 12 mois de developpement en plein ocean, le puerulus regagne le milieu benthique littoral pendant la nuit, principalement au cours des nuits les plus sombres (nouvelle lune). Son recrutement et son elevage intensif ont ete etudies en martinique. Des collecteurs de surface ont montre que cette arrivee en milieu recifal est continue au cours de l'annee et qu'elle concerne toutes les zones littorales de martinique. L'echantillonnage a l'aide d'un filet de crete, sur la cote est de l'ile, a confirme que cette technique pourrait constituer une alternative efficace aux collecteurs de surface, actuellement utilises pour cette espece. Les habitats benthiques artificiels adequats que nous avons installes ne sont pas colonises par les juveniles de p. Argus. Ceci evoque une reduction drastique de l'intensite du recrutement par les predateurs. L'ensemble de ces resultats etayent l'hypothese d'un recrutement essentiellement de type allochtone en martinique. Les puerulus qui approvisionnent chaque mois les nourriceries seraient donc originaires d'iles localisees en amont du courant nord-equatorial. Des experiences d'elevage de p. Argus ont ete menees, a partir de ce prelevement de puerulus en milieu naturel par les collecteurs de surface. Apres l'echec des regimes a base de poisson congele ou d'aliments composes, des taux de croissance et de survie encourageants ont ete obtenus avec des moules congelees. L'influence de l'ablation bilaterale du pedoncule oculaire est nulle sur la croissance et negative sur la survie des jeunes juveniles (poids initial 0,6 g). Il est vraisemblable que des individus de taille commercialisable - 300 a 400 g - pourraient etre grossis en 12 a 18 mois a l'aide d'un regime alimentaire optimise. En martinique, la temperature optimale de croissance et de conversion de l'aliment chez p. Argus - 27-29\c - reste constante au cours de l'annee.
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Björnermark, Jonathan. "Armén vs Flygvapnet : Uppföljning och hantering av materiella brister inom den tekniska tjänsten." Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-798.
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Den tekniska tjänsten är idag av stor betydelse för att Försvarsmakten skall fungera. Uppgifter inomden tekniska tjänsten är bland annat att hantera driftstörningar som inträffar på materiel och hantera uppföljningar av dessa inträffade fel. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka två olika uppföljningssystem för driftstörningar, ett system från armén och ett system från flygvapnet. Utifråndetta diskuteras systemen ur olika synvinklar med fokus på bland annat fördelar och nackdelar. Under bakgrundsbeskrivningen av de olika systemen visade det sig att ARGUS och DA-flyg följer upp i två olika riktningar vid driftstörningar. ARGUS fokuserar på den materiella feluppföljning och DA-Flyg fokuserar på att göra en uppföljning på individnivå. Vidare under bakgrunden framgick det även att generellt sett så använder man samma typ av rapporteringsprocedur, en fyrastegsprocess. Bakgrunden följdes upp av en analys av två olika typfall med utgångspunkt i de båda uppföljningssystemen och därefter diskuterades resultatet. Utifrån diskussionen drogs det slutsatser kring de olika systemen. Några av dessa var bland annat att inledningsvis var ARGUS ett krångligt system att använda då man var tvungen att rapportera i två olika system. Sedermera korrigerades detta och i dagsläget är det en förenklad version av ARGUS som används i ett system. DA-Flygbygger på att man är lojal mot systemet då rapporten som skrivs är helt anonym, sånär som på en otydlig signatur i de flesta fall. Författarens avslutande ord är att en sammanslagning alternativt ett nytt system där både materiel och individuppföljning ingår eventuellt skulle effektivisera hela processen med feluppföljning.
The Technical Service is one of the cornerstones that make the Swedish armed force operational. Handle and manage failure within technical materials are, among other tasks, something that technical service needs to deal with. The aim with this paper is to examine two different systems that handle the follow-up of different failures, one system from the army and one system from the airforce. Based on the aim, the systems will be compared and discussed through different points of view, focusing on the advantage and disadvantage. Looking at the background description of the systems, it shows that ARGUS and DA go two different tracks when they do a follow up. ARGUS focus on the follow up of the material, while DA focuses on the follow up in an individual aspect. Further in the background, it shows that, the same procedure isused in the report process, a four-step-model. The background is followed up by an analysis of two different cases where the follow up systems is the main point and after that, a discussion around the result was made. During the discussion, the writer of this paper made up some conclusions, and those are as follows. In the beginning, the ARGUS system was complicated to use. The fact that you needed to type in the report twice in two different kinds of systems made it complicated to use. However, this problem, were fixed due the integration of the system within another system. In the DA system, everyone that uses this system needs to be loyal against the system, due the lack of connection between report and report writer. As a summary of the whole paper, the writer recommends a system that has both of these parts, in other words, both individual follow up and materials follow up, might make the system more effective.
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Rodrigues, Francisco Cleyton Lopes. "Morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino da lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palinuridae) do Litoral do Estado do CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2784.
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A pesca da lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus, encontrada no litoral do estado do CearÃ, tem apresentado declÃnio nos Ãltimos anos. Estudos sobre os aspectos reprodutivos de lagostas sÃo
ainda escassos, principalmente para os machos, necessitando de esclarecimentos na Ãrea de biologia reprodutiva. O presente trabalho propÃe-se a descrever morfologicamente o sistema
reprodutor masculino de P. argus caracterizando histologica e histoquimicamente os componentes somÃticos e germinativos, buscando oferecer subsÃdios à regulamentaÃÃo da pesca fundamentando-se na relaÃÃo entre os dados biomÃtricos e maturaÃÃo sexual fisiolÃgica dos animais coletados. Os animais foram adquiridos junto aos pescadores dos municÃpios de
Cascavel, Beberibe, Caucaia e Trairà do litoral cearense. Os indivÃduos foram medidos morfometricamente e o trato reprodutor retirado e submetidos aos procedimentos histolÃgicos
de rotina (fixaÃÃo, desidrataÃÃo, diafanizaÃÃo, impregnaÃÃo e emblocamento em parafina, microtomia e coloraÃÃo). Foram utilizados 59 exemplares machos, com a mÃdia de
comprimento total de 127,49 mm. A organizaÃÃo do sistema reprodutor segue o modelo bÃsico descrito para os Decapoda, sendo formado por estruturas pares, testÃculos, vasos
deferentes e glÃndulas androgÃnicas. As gÃnadas apresentaram-se brancas ou transparentes e os dois lobos testiculares nÃo apresentaram conexÃo ou comissura interligando um ao outro, diferenciando-se de alguns decÃpodes. A partir do exemplar de 155 mm de comprimento total, observou-se espermatÃforo no vaso deferente, considerado neste trabalho como fisiologicamente maduro. Os testÃculos de P. argus sÃo revestidos por uma delgada camada de material fibroso e mais internamente encontra-se um extenso tÃbulo seminÃfero altamente enovelado, e entre os espaÃos externos ao tÃbulo encontram-se vasos e seios hemais. Nas
secÃÃes dos tÃbulos seminÃferos foi possÃvel diferenciar cinco diferentes estÃgios das cÃlulas germinativas: espermatogÃnia, espermatÃcitos I e II, espermÃtide e espermatozÃides,
considerando o tamanho e principalmente a distribuiÃÃo da cromatina no nÃcleo. A glÃndula androgÃnica nÃo foi visualizada macroscopicamente e encontrava-se pouco desenvolvida nos
animais analisados. Os exemplares a partir de 155mm de comprimento total apresentavam-se fisiologicamente maduros, apresentando espermatÃforo no vaso deferente.The fishery of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus, found in the coast of the state of CearÃ, has been declining in the last years. Studies about the reproductive aspects of lobsters are still scarce, mainly for the males, needing investigations in the area of reproductive biology. The present study describes the morphology of the male reproductive system of P. argus characterizing histologically and histochemically the somatic and germinative components, aiming to subsidy the regulation of the fishery based in the relationship between the biometric data and physiological maturation of the collected animals. The animals were acquired from fishermen of the Cascavel, Beberibe, Caucaia and Trairà municipalities, in the Cearà coast. The individuals were measured morfometrically and the reproductive organs were submitted to the routine histological procedures (fixation, dehydration, impregnation and embedded in paraffin, sectioned and coloration). It was used 59 males, with the average of total length of 127,49mm. The organization of the reproductive system follows the basic model described for Decapoda, being formed by equal structures, testis, vas deferens and androgenic gland. The gonads were white or transparent and the two testisâs lobes are not connected to each other, differing in this aspect, to some decapods. Animals larger than 155 mm of total length, presented spermatophores in the vas deferens, and were considered in this study, as mature physiologically. The testis of P. argus were covered by a thin layer of fibrous material and presented more internally, an extensive coiled seminiferous tubules, and between the external spaces to the tubules are vessel and hemal sinuses. In the sections of the seminiferous tubules it was possible to differentiate five different stages of the germinative cells: spermatogonia, spermatocytes I and II, spermatids and spermatozoa, considering the size and mainly the distribution of the chromatin in the nucleus. The androgenic gland was not visualized macroscopically and was poorly developed in the analyzed animals. The animals larger than 155mm of total length were physiologically mature, presenting spermatophore in the vas deferens.
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Santos, Hélio Teruo Hashizume dos. "Dinâmica de cúspides praiais e fatores condicionantes: Massaguaçú, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21136/tde-17032016-163524/.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo relacionar a ação das ondas incidentes no arco praial de Massaguaçú com a presença e o comportamento de feições morfológicas como as cúspides praiais. O conjunto de dados utilizados consiste em uma série de imagens provenientes do sistema Argus. Esse sistema utiliza cinco câmeras de alta resolução resultando em uma cobertura de 180° da zona costeira. A partir destas imagens realizou-se a digitalização das cúspides praiais encontrando-se duas linhas de cúspides, uma na face praial superior (CFS) e a outra na face praial inferior (CFI). Em conjunto com os dados de imagem foi analisado o clima de ondas atuantes durante o período. A presença de feições rítmicas foi alta no arco praial de Massaguaçú, sendo praticamente predominante na face praial superior. O espaçamento médio da CFS foi superior ao espaçamento da CFI e a alternância das condições atuantes foi determinante na redução do espaçamento assim como condições energéticas baixas. O aumento do espaçamento das cúspides ocorreu sob condições energéticas médias à altas e sob condições extremas observou tanto a destruição como o aumento das feições rítmicas. A interação entre o espraiamento e a morfologia existente, modulado pela variação do nível d\'água, foi um dos motores para a formação de cúspides em níveis inferiores enquanto que as condições extremas causaram sua destruição.This study aims to relate the action of incident waves on Massaguaçú\'s beach with the presence and the behavior of morphological features such as beach cusps. The set of data used consists in a series of images from the Argus system. This system uses five high-resolution cameras resulting in a 180 ° coverage of the coastal zone. From these images, realize the presence of beach cusps lying in two rows on the beach face, one in the upper beach face (CFS) and the other in the lower beach face (CFI). At the same time with the image data the wave regime acting at Massaguaçú\'s beach was analyzed during the period. The presence of rhythmic features was almost constant Massaguaçú\'s beach face, nearly predominant on the upper beach face. The average spacing of CFS was greater than the spacing of the CFI and the interchange in active conditions was crucial in reducing the spacing as well as low energy conditions. The increased spacing of the cusps occurred under medium to high energy conditions and under extreme conditions both as increased and destruction of the rhythmic features were observed. The interaction between the swash motions and the existing morphology, modulated by varying the water level, was important for the formation of cusps at lower levels while the extreme conditions caused its destruction.
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Diniz, FaÌbio Mendonça. "Phylogeography, genetic diversity, and population structure of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus (Crustacea : Decapoda)." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419142.
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Evans, C. R. "Population dynamics and ecology of spiny lobsters Panulirus argus and P. guttatus at Bermuda." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234693.
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Rudeklint, Robin. "En kartläggning av nätverksövervakningssystem." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4053.
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Rapporten tar upp en kartläggning av nätverksövervakningssystem (NMS) som används för att övervaka nätverkstjänster och noder på ett nätverk. De egenskaper för NMS som utvärderas är vilket stöd systemen har för att övervaka ett flertal tjänster, hur god prestandan är för varje system samt hur god användbarheten i gränssnittet är. Resultatet visar att Nagios, OpenNMS samt Argus hade stöd för samtliga tjänster medan Munin inte hade stöd för nätverksenheter och Cacti endast stöd att övervaka SNMP. Det visar även att Nagios och OpenNMS generellt hade möjlighet att larma vid fler händelser samt att dessa två system var markant snabbare än Cacti och Munin. Användbarheten visade relativt stor skillnad i olika system. OpenNMS hade högst totalpoäng, men Nagios presterade något bättre i vad Sundström (2005) kallar för interaktion. Munin och Argus fick samma resultat med låg funktionalitet och högre struktur medan Cacti hade god funktionalitet och interaktion men väldigt låg struktur.
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Santiago, André Prata. "Lagosta: aquicultura como ferramenta para sustentabilidade e preservação do recurso." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/21453.
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SANTIAGO, André Prata. Lagosta: aquicultura como ferramenta para sustentabilidade e preservação do recurso. 2016. 307 f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente)-Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016.Submitted by Jairo Viana (jairo@ufc.br) on 2016-12-28T19:04:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_apsantiago.pdf: 21938262 bytes, checksum: 98feb3885f00c3c52641d1b0e284afcc (MD5)
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The causes of drop and fluctuations in the production of spiny lobster producing countries are mainly the over-exploitation of stocks due to the fact that the management of these is being done unsustainably. Brazil is going through management problems in the lobster fishery, which results in difficulties, especially in artisanal fisheries. The aim of this work is to propose aquaculture as a tool for sustainability and preservation of lobster in Brazil. Lobster cultivation research of the Panulirus argus species was conducted in BioAqua (Parnaíba/ UFPI). Initially, a study was developed to determine the layout of a laboratory for research in biotechnology and marine aquaculture. Afterwards, an experiment with transport of lobster juveniles was performed using four replications for each treatment (T-I: control, T-II: ascorbic acid+macroalgae; T-III: macroalgae, and T-IV: ascorbic acid) and two different densities (20 and 25 ind./ container), in a completely randomized block design. Tests with water management were performed with three different treatments (TA: without exchange water; TB: 100% weekly exchange water, and TC: without exchange of water with added probiotic) and tests with different food with four treatments (T-1: Artemia; T-2: shrimp; T-3: mussel, and T-4: Artemia+shrimp+mussels). In the growth experiment in recirculation system, physical and chemical variables of the water were controlled, being analyzed the growth performance of lobsters, cultivated with initial density of 20 ind. m-3. Cultivation was also carried out using different types of shelters (Treatment I: bricks, and treatment II: PVC fittings), also in recirculation system. The layout was determined and implemented with two recirculating systems, each with six cultivation tanks and filtration system, a system for cultivation in a bioassay which can be cultivated simultaneously 288 juveniles, a room for biosafe culture and a system for receiving animals and water storage. The transportation of juvenile P. Argus proved viable, requiring the use of equipment for aeration and a plastic container with a capacity of 15 L with 50% of the volume being seawater, for transporting between 200 and 300 g of lobster, in treatments with density of 20 ind./ container there was no mortality. However, the treatments with 25 ind./ container, the average mortality was 0.5 ind./ treatment, but there was no statistical difference between them. Regarding the comparison of treatments with different managements of water, the highest survival and biomass growth rate were obtained in T-B treatment with 97.92 and 21.77%, respectively. Yet the highest growth rate was obtained in T-A treatment. In the experiment with food testing, T-3 treatment animals showed the highest survival rate of 95.83%, with greater rate of increase of biomass and growth achieved by treatment with T-4 23.84 and 4.66%, respectively. There were no statistical differences among the treatments with different management of water and food. In the growth experiment survival was 65.83%, the increase in biomass was 302.44% with an increase in the total length of 58,04% in 126 days of cultivation. In cultivation using different shelters, treatment I, had a survival rate of 81.67%, biomass gain of 316% or 30.87 g, and an increase in the total length of 34.48 mm or 54.98% throughout the cultivation. In treatment II, the survival rate was 70.00%, the biomass gain was 329.82% and 33.18 g, and the increase in the total length was 37.95 mm or 60.61% throughout the cultivation, with no statistical difference between treatments for all variables. Despite the difficulties due to their biology, what makes difficult the cultivation of all phases of the life cycle in captivity, the advancement of aquaculture is promising in some countries that produce lobster through fishery, since they are able to benefit from their own fishing, through restocking, as well as through their own aquaculture production, to meet part of the market demand.
As causas das quedas e oscilações na produção de lagostas espinhosas dos países produtores são, principalmente, a superexploração dos estoques devido ao manejo destes ser feito de forma não sustentável. O Brasil está passando por problemas de gestão na pesca da lagosta, o que resulta em dificuldades, principalmente na pesca artesanal. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor a aquicultura como ferramenta para sustentabilidade e preservação da lagosta no Brasil. As pesquisas de cultivo de lagostas da espécie Panulirus argus foram realizadas no BioAqua (Parnaíba/ UFPI). Inicialmente, foi desenvolvido um estudo para determinação do layout de um laboratório para pesquisas na área de biotecnologia e aquicultura marinha. Posteriormente, foi realizado um experimento de transporte de juvenis de lagosta com quatro repetições para cada tratamento (T-I: controle; T-II: ácido ascórbico+macroalgas; T-III: macroalgas; e T-IV: ácido ascórbico), com duas diferentes densidades (20 e 25 ind./ recipiente), em blocos inteiramente casualizados. Foram realizados testes com manejo de água com três diferentes tratamentos (T-A: sem troca d’água; T-B: com 100% de troca d’água semanal; e T-C: sem troca d’água, com adição de probiótico) e testes com diferentes alimentos com quatro tratamentos (T-1: Artemia; T-2: camarão; T-3: mexilhão; e T-4: Artemia+camarão+mexilhão). No experimento de engorda em sistema de recirculação foram controladas as variáveis físicas e químicas da água, sendo analisado o desempenho zootécnico das lagostas, cultivadas com densidade inicial de 20 ind. m-3. Também foi realizado o cultivo utilizando diferentes tipos de abrigos (trat. I: tijolos; e trat. II: conexões de PVC) também em sistema de recirculação. O layout foi determinado e executado com dois sistemas de recirculação, cada um com seis tanques de cultivo e sistema de filtragem, um sistema para cultivo em bioensaio onde é possível cultivar, simultaneamente, 288 juvenis, uma sala para cultivo biosseguro e um sistema para recepção de animais e armazenamento de água. O transporte de juvenis de P. argus mostrou-se viável, sendo necessário uso de equipamento para aeração e um recipiente plástico com capacidade de 15 L, com 50% do volume com água marinha, para transportar entre 200 e 300 g de lagosta, nos tratamentos com densidade de 20 ind./ recipiente não houve mortalidade, já nos tratamentos com 25 ind./ recipiente, a mortalidade média foi de 0,5 ind./ tratam., mas não houve diferença estatística entre eles. Na comparação dos tratamentos com diferentes manejos de água a maior sobrevivência e taxa de aumento de biomassa foram obtidas no tratamento T-B com 97,92 e 21,77%, respectivamente, já a maior taxa de crescimento foi obtida no tratamento T-A. No experimento com testes de alimento os animais do tratamento T-3 apresentaram a maior sobrevivência com 95,83%, com maior taxa de aumento de biomassa e crescimento obtida pelo tratamento T-4 com 23,84 e 4,66%, respectivamente. Não houve diferença estatística na comparação dos tratamentos com diferentes manejos de água e alimentação. No experimento de engorda a sobrevivência foi de 65,83%, o aumento de biomassa foi de 302,44%, com aumento do comprimento total de 58,04%, em 126 dias de cultivo. No cultivo utilizando diferentes abrigos, o trat. I, teve sobrevivência de 81,67%, ganho de biomassa de 316% ou 30,87 g e aumento do comprimento total de 34,48 mm ou 54,98%, ao longo do cultivo. Já no trat. II, a sobrevivência foi de 70,00%, ganho de biomassa de 329,82% ou 33,18 g e o aumento do comprimento total foi de 37,95 mm ou 60,61%, não havendo diferença estatística entre os tratamentos em todas as variáveis. Apesar das dificuldades devido a sua biologia, o que dificulta o cultivo de todas as fases do ciclo de vida em cativeiro, é promissor o avanço da aquicultura em alguns países que produzem lagosta através da pesca, por poder beneficiar a própria pesca através de trabalhos de repovoamento, como também através da própria produção aquícola, para atender parte da demanda do mercado.
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Maxwell, Kerry Elizabeth. "Neurolipofuscin is a Measure of Age in the Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Panulirus argus, in Florida." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/biology_theses/4.
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Accurate age estimates for the commercially-important Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, would greatly enhance analyses of life history and population dynamics. Previous estimates of their age based on size and growth may be inaccurate because of variable growth in the wild. An established technique for aging crustaceans – histologically-determined lipofuscin content in the nervous system – was used on lobsters reared in the laboratory for up to five years. We verified the presence of lipofuscin in eyestalk neural tissue and described its distribution in cell cluster A of the hemiellipsoid body. Neurolipofuscin content of both sexes increased linearly over the five-year age range, with seasonal oscillations. Growth of these animals, on the other hand, showed sex differences and began to asymptote after three years. Neurolipofuscin concentrations in the two eyestalks from the same animal were similar. These results suggest that the neurolipofuscin technique will be valuable for estimating age of wild-caught P.argus.
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Shaffie, Rushan. "A profile of international participants of the 2004 Cape Argus Pick 'n Pay Cycle Tour." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10730.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-114).Sport tourism is a niche market within the broad field of tourism in South Africa. The tourism industry of this country is relatively young in terms of development when compared to European and American countries as a result of the retardation caused by apartheid. While the leisure tourist market in South Africa continues to be researched extensively, the niche Special Interest Tourism (SIT) markets, particularly that of sport tourism, are being overlooked to a great extent and continue the struggle to reach the levels of similar, developed markets. Many other aspects of the sport tourism industry of South Africa require research, to provide the knowledge that will help the country position itself adequately and capitalise on this market. This Includes investigation into SA as a host destination of events, profiling the international sport tourists who visit SA as well as the domestic sport tourists that travel to sporting events within the country. The Cape Argus Pick 'n Pay Cycle Tour (CAPPCT) is a world-renowned event and satisfies the criteria of the definition of a hallmark event i.e. "Major one-time or recurring events of limited duration, developed primarily to enhance the awareness, appeal and profitability of a tourism destination in the short and/or long term. Such events rely for their success on uniqueness, status or timely significance to create interest and attract attention". Consequently, this event was selected as the ideal event on which to investigate the above-mentioned aspects. Sport tourists' choices are influenced by many intrinsic and extrinsic factors. These intrinsic factors include the inherent needs and motivations that drive the individual. The widely used Needs hierarchy depicts the order in which an individual's needs are satisfied. One begins with the lower-order needs such as nutrition, shelter, security, which are followed by higher-order needs such as social acceptance, status and self-actualisation. The notion is that as lower order needs are satisfied, higher order needs that are more associated with the ego than the body, take precedence and become more important. In addition one's identity and how one seeks to define it are of great importance. Many spectators and players define themselves by the sports that they play and the teams that they support (and identify with), to a great extent. An external factor such as sub-cultural membership provides the individual with a different set of benefits and ultimately fulfills higher level needs far more effectively.
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Souza, Nayara Lopes de. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO GENÉTICA DE 12 LOCI STRs DO CROMOSSOMO X NA POPULAÇÃO BRASILEIRA." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2018. http://tede2.pucgoias.edu.br:8080/handle/tede/3984.
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Database construction with allelic and genotypic frequencies of STRs has a significant impact on the processes of human identification of different populations. Brazil already has a database of allelic and genotype frequencies of the markers of the autosomal chromosomes and markers of the Y chromosome. However, there are few studies of allelic and genotype frequencies for markers of the X chromosome. These markers have a high discrimination power and have a high rate of resolution in forensic situations, and genetic linkage analysis. The objective of this study was to estimate, in a Brazilian population, allelic and genotypic frequencies, observed in 12 STR markers of the X chromosome, aiming the consolidation of a population database with applications in genetic linkage research. For this, 1,190 genetic profiles of individuals not genetically related and submitted to genetic linkage tests from all regions of Brazil were analyzed. The samples were genotyped using the Investigator® Argus X-12 system (Qiagen, Germany). Capillary electrophoresis was performed on ABI 3500 gene analyzer. Allele frequencies were analyzed using Genetix 4.05.2 and Alerquin ® software and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was analyzed using GenePop 4.1.3 and Alerquin® software. Allele and genotype frequencies were obtained for the 12 STRs of the X chromosome, the 15 allele of the DXS7423 locus was the most frequent, presenting a value corresponding to 0.40 in the female sex and 0.44 in the male sex. However, several alleles in all markers presented frequencies lower than 0.01, being considered rare in the population. No Deviation of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium was observed in the marker set when analyzed simultaneously. The DXS10135 locus had a higher expected heterozygosity than the other loci for females, with a frequency of 0.9445. The observed heterozygosity also presented variation regarding the values found, from 0.9160 to 0.6803. Thus, the Argus X-12 system was informative in the Brazilian population and, therefore, a useful tool in forensic practice, particularly in inconclusive cases and in cases of kinship involving high complexity.
A construção de banco de dados com frequências alélicas e genotípicas de marcadores STRs tem um impacto significativo nos processos de identificação humana de diferentes populações. O Brasil já possui banco de dados de frequências alélicas e genotípicas dos marcadores dos cromossomos autossômicos e marcadores do cromossomo Y. No entanto, existem poucos estudos de frequências alélicas e genotípicas para os marcadores do cromossomo X. Estes marcadores possuem um alto poder de discriminação e apresentam alta taxa de resolutividade em situações forenses, e análises de vínculo genético. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar, em uma amostra populacional brasileira, frequências alélicas e genotípicas, observadas em 12 marcadores STR do cromossomo X visando a consolidação de um banco de dados populacional com aplicações em investigação de vínculo genético. Para isso, foram analisados 1.190 perfis genéticos de indivíduos não relacionados geneticamente e submetidos a testes de investigações de vínculo genético, provenientes de todas as regiões do Brasil. As amostras foram genotipadas utilizando o sistema Investigator® Argus X-12 (Qiagen, Germany). A eletroforese capilar foi realizada no analisador genético ABI 3500. As frequências alélicas e genotípicas foram analisadas com auxílio do software Genetix 4.05.2 e Alerquin®, o equilíbro de Hardy-Weinberg foi analisado através do software GenePop 4.1.3. As frequências alélicas e genotípicas foram obtidas para os 12 marcadores STRs do cromossomo X, o alelo 15 do locus DXS7423 foi o mais frequente, apresentando valor correspondente a 0,40 no sexo feminino e 0,44 no sexo masculino. No entanto, diversos alelos em todos os marcadores apresentaram frequências inferiores a 0,01, sendo considerados raros na população. Não foi observado desvio do Equilíbrio de Hardy- Weinberg no conjunto de marcadores quando analisados simultaneamente. O locus DXS10135 apresentou uma heterozigosidade esperada maior em relação aos outros loci para os indivíduos do sexo feminino, com frequência 0,9445. A heterozigosidade observada também apresentou variação quanto aos valores encontrados, de 0,9160 a 0,6803. Sendo assim, o sistema Argus X-12 apresentou-se informativo na população brasileira, sendo, portanto, uma ferramenta útil na prática forense, particularmente em casos inconclusivos e em casos de parentesco envolvendo alta complexidade.
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Greene, Debra Foster. "Published in the interest of colored people : the St. Louis Argus newspaper in the twentieth century /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091928.
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Tadesse, Tizeta. "Adult Neurogenesis in the Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus: Molecular, Cellular, and Physiological Changes of Olfactory Receptor Neurons." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/6.
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Adult neurogenesis of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) occurs in diverse organisms including in decapod crustaceans. This dissertation describes the molecular, cellular, and physiological changes that occur during adult neurogenesis of ORNs in the antennular lateral flagellum (LF) of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus. Examination of the role of splash (spiny lobster achaete scute homolog) in adult neurogenesis and regeneration using in situ hybridization showed splash was not closely associated with the formation of sensory neurons under normal physiological conditions. Damage to the LF, which induces regeneration, enhanced splash expression, suggesting an association between splash with regeneration and repair. This study suggests that splash plays multiple roles in the olfactory organ of adult spiny lobsters. Examination of extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ in mediating spontaneous and odor-induced responses of ORNs, using calcium imaging showed that odor-induced Ca2+ transient responses and spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in ORN somata are primarily mediated by an influx of extracellular Ca2+ through Co2+ -sensitive Ca2+ channels, but that intracellular Ca2+stores also have some contribution. These responses are independent of TTX-sensitive Na+ channels, suggesting that these Ca2+ responses may reflect receptor potentials. Examination of changes in odor specificity, sensitivity, and temporal responses in adult-born ORNs showed an increase in the percentage of odorant-responsive ORNs as they age from newly-born cells to mature, and a decrease in odorant-responsive ORNs as they senesce. As adult-born ORNs age, there was a decrease in the percentage of ORNs that undergo spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations and an increase in the amplitude of oscillation. ORNs became more broadly tuned as they senesce, and their response profile, defined by the most effective odorant, changed. Odor sensitivity changed with age. This study demonstrated that the physiological response properties of adult-born ORNs changed with functional maturation. Taken together, this dissertation reveals molecular, cellular and physiological changes in adult born ORNs and elucidates mechanisms of adult neurogenesis.
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Coba-Cetina, Luis. "Immigration Variability and Post-Settlement Processes of the Spiny Lobster, Panulirus argus, in the Exuma Cays, Bahamas." W&M ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617682.
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Lowenberg, Megan Michelle. "The association of Pectobacterium, a plant pathogen, with the carapace of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus." Tallahassee, Florida : Florida State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08242009-153923/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2009.Advisor: Robert H. Reeves, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Biological Science. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed on May 4, 2010). Document formatted into pages; contains x, 130 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Santana, Joao Vicente Mendes. "Dinâmica do ciclo de vida da lagosta panulirus argus (latreille, 1804) na plataforma continental da margem equatorial brasileira." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/24029.
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SANTANA, J. V. M. Dinâmica do ciclo de vida da lagosta panulirus argus (latreille, 1804) na plataforma continental da margem equatorial brasileira. Fortaleza, CE, 2016. 101 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Marinhas Tropicais) - Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016.Submitted by Geovane Uchoa (geovane@ufc.br) on 2017-07-10T13:46:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_jvmsantana.pdf: 2370616 bytes, checksum: 075deaa53c11a32a1c5569c2fa733823 (MD5)
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Spiny lobsters (Panulirus argus Latreille, 1804) are key predators in the benthic ecosystem and a highly valued fishing resource in the Central Western Atlantic and Northeastern Brazil, although stocks have been heavily exploited for over a century. The purpose of this study was to determine spatial and temporal variations in spiny lobster stocks at different depths based on indices of juvenile, pre-recruit and adult abundance in order to verify possible correlations between these variables and their association with Amazon river discharge patterns. Lobsters were collected off Northeastern Brazil in the period 2014-2015 at a depth of 3-40 m. In addition, 2001-2003 data from deeper waters (50-100m) off Northern Brazil were included in the analysis to study recruitment patterns and depth-related trends of reproductive potential. The results for Northeastern Brazil shows that pueruli and algal-phase lobsters settle at a depth of 1-3 m, while juveniles (mean carapace length 48.2 mm) and pre-recruits (63.85 mm) prefer slightly deeper waters (3-5 m). Pre-recruits and young adults (72.74 mm) are found at 10-20 m, pre-adults and adults (85.61 mm) at 30-40 m, and older adults (100.55 mm) at >50 m. Females in deeper waters contribute the most to the total egg production because they are more abundant and larger (94.86 mm) than females at 30-40 m (85.61 mm). Recruitment of pueruli occurred throughout the year, but two annual peaks were identified: March-April and July-September. Juvenile migration to shallow waters (3-5 m) started in January, peaked in February and March, and declined in April. On the other hand, pre-recruit abundance increased between June and August, producing a 4-month interval of low juvenile abundance. The periods of greatest abundance of the first two stages coincide with the lowest output of the Amazon river, creating intervals with low abundance of puerili (7-9 months) and juveniles (0-1 month).
As lagostas espinhosas, predadores chave no ecossistema bentônico, são um recurso pesqueiro de elevado valor comercial, no Atlântico Centro-Oeste e Nordeste do Brasil, embora suas populações estejam sendo exploradas pelo homem há mais de um século. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar a variação espacial e temporal da população da lagosta vermelha Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) por faixa de profundidade, baseado em índices de abundância dos juvenis, pré-recrutas e adultos, verificando a possível associação entre esses parâmetros e sua relação com o efeito da descarga do rio Amazonas. Foram realizadas coletas entre os anos 2014 e 2015 em profundidade entre 3 e 40 m na região nordeste do Brasil, bem como se incorporou os dados coletados do setor profundo (50-100m) da região norte do Brasil (2001-2003), com o fim de estudar integralmente os processos de recrutamento e comportamento do potencial reprodutivo por profundidade. Na região nordeste do Brasil, os resultados mostram que o assentamento de puerulus e de fase algal ocorre entre 1 e 3 metros de profundidade. Os juvenis (média 48,2 mm) e pré-recrutas (média 63,85 mm) habitam entre 3 e 5 metros. Em profundidades entre 10 e 20m, distribuem-se lagostas pré-recrutadas e adultos jovens (média 72,74 mm). Entre os 30 e 40 m, habitam pré-adultos e adultos (média 85,61mm) e, no habitat profundo (> 50 m), um estoque adulto de maior tamanho (média 100,55 mm). As lagostas fêmeas do setor mais profundo apresentam uma maior contribuição ao total de ovos da população por serem mais abundantes e de maior tamanho (94,86 mm CC) que as fêmeas da área entre 30-40 m (85,61 mm CC). O assentamento do puerulus ocorre durante todo o ano, mas dois picos anuais foram identificados: um em março-abril e outro em julho-setembro. Concomitantemente, a entrada do recrutamento juvenil, nas áreas de águas rasas entre 3 e 5 m, a partir de janeiro, com pico em fevereiro e março, tende a diminuir a partir de abril, enquanto os níveis dos pré-recrutas tenderam a aumentar entre junho e agosto, mostrando uma defasagem de quatro meses. Os períodos de máxima das duas primeiras fases coincidem com os menores fluxos da descarga do rio Amazonas, com uma defasagem entre 7 e
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Frazel, Denis William. "The Influence of Lobster Trap Escape Gaps on Capture and Behavior of the Spiny Lobster, Panulirus argus (Latreille)." NSUWorks, 1986. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/369.
Full textAbstract:
Interest in the potential usefulness of lobster trap escape gaps in the Florida spiny lobster fishery prompted an independent examination of their influence on capture and behavior of the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. A trapping study was conducted off Southeastern Florida during 1984/1985 using control traps, and traps with escape gap openings of 51, 54, and 57 mm. The 51 mm escape gap caught significantly more legal lobsters than any other trap, while the 54 and 57 mm escape gap caught significantly fewer sublegal lobsters. Carapace lengths of lobsters increased as escape gap width increased.
The impact of escape gaps on behavior of Panulirus argus was examined through field and laboratory observations. Lobsters with a carapace length of 75 mm or less were observed entering and exiting through a 51 mm escape gap. Legal lobsters (≥76 mm CL) were unable to escape from the trap. Dominance interaction or agonistic behavior were postulated to affect catch rates in escape gap traps. Direct observations indicate they do not appear to be a factor influencing catch rates of lobsters in traps with escape gaps. It is hypothesized that the escape gap acts as an auxiliary opening, enhancing the potential of capturing a sublegal lobster.
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Gonzalez-Cano, Jaime Manuel. "Migration and refuge in the assessment and management of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus in the Mexican Caribbean." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7261.
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Zito, Adrianna. "Examination of the Allee effect on postlarval recruitment and post-settlement survival in the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202409437/.
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Barroso, Juarez Coelho. "AvaliaÃÃo da Pesca da Lagosta Vermelha (Panulirus argus) e da Lagosta verde (Panulirus laevicauda) na Plataforma Continental do Brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7259.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorA pesca extrativa de lagosta no Brasil à uma atividade econÃmica importante que engloba diferentes setores sociais na regiÃo costeira e que aporta um ingresso mÃdio anual de 84 milhÃes de dÃlares. A grande demanda do produto, o elevado valor no mercado internacional, a expansÃo da frota artesanal, o nÃo cumprimento das medidas de conservaÃÃo, o impacto da pesca no ecossistema e possivelmente a variabilidade do clima, tem propiciado uma elevada explotaÃÃo ou sobre-explotaÃÃo dos estoques destes crustÃceos. A avaliaÃÃo e previsÃo da pescaria dependem da coleta de informaÃÃo biolÃgica e pesqueira, em que nas duas Ãltimas dÃcadas a ausÃncia destes dados e a falta de estudo do ciclo de vida gerou um elevado nÃvel de incerteza na administraÃÃo da pescaria. No presente estudo, foi realizada uma anÃlise integral da informaÃÃo biolÃgico-pesqueira gerada pelo projeto de mestrado e pelos dados que o precedem. As zonas de agregaÃÃo dos estoques pesqueiros se distribuÃram em 31 estratos que cobrem uma Ãrea de 356.610 kmÂ, divididos em duas regiÃes: rasa < 50 m (160.510 kmÂ) e profunda entre 50 e 100 m (196.100 kmÂ). O Ãndice de produtividade mÃdio (1999-2006) entre espÃcies foi de 29,75 kg/km em Panulirus argus e de 8,39 kg/km em P. laevicauda; nos diferentes estratos variou entre 0,02 e 217,0 kg/km (ambas as espÃcies). Os coeficientes de capturabilidade variaram entre 0,10 e 0,14, demonstrando-se que os aparelhos de pesca (caÃoeira, manzuà e cangalha) apresentam uma baixa eficiÃncia na pescaria de lagosta. A amostragem dos desembarques entre diferentes perÃodos de pesca (1970-1979, 1980-1988 e 1989-1993) mostrou uma diminuiÃÃo progressiva das lagostas pequenas e, como resultado, o comprimento mÃdio mostrou uma tendÃncia crescente. As amostragens aleatÃrias nas embarcaÃÃes que pescaram entre 20 e 35 m (1999) revelaram que as lagostas recrutadas (50 e 75 mm, CC) representaram 91% (P. argus) e 96% (P. laevicauda) do total capturado, que conjuntamente com a expansÃo da Ãrea de pesca (aumento do esforÃo) e a diminuiÃÃo da CPUE por quadrÃculas de pesca (entre 1974 e 1991), evidenciaram uma sobrepesca de crescimento que provavelmente esteja influenciando nas elevadas variaÃÃes das capturas anuais e em sua tendÃncia negativa observada nos Ãltimos 15 anos (1995-2009). A anÃlise realizada entre a CPUE e a abundÃncia (N), revelou uma falta de proporcionalidade (hiperestabilidade) entre ambos os parÃmetros, que poderia estar afetando a relaÃÃo entre a CPUE e o esforÃo, e sobre-estimando as estimativas do rendimento mÃximo sustentÃvel (RMS). Foi estimado um rendimento mÃximo sustentÃvel por unidade de Ãrea de 14 kg/km e um rendimento mÃximo sustentÃvel preliminar entre 5.000 e 5.604 t. Este resultado empÃrico deve ser corroborado a partir do desenvolvimento da amostragem aleatÃria estratificada que foi proposto no presente estudo. NÃo existem evidÃncias de uma sobrepesca de recrutamento nos estoques, mas as altas taxas de explotaÃÃo no estoque do setor profundo (50 e 100 m) de P. argus, composto principalmente por exemplares mais velhos e de elevado poder reprodutor, poderia estar acentuando o risco dos recrutamentos baixos e dos colapsos. Este grande nÃvel de incerteza pelo que transcorre a pescaria de lagosta na plataforma continental do Brasil deve ser abordado por formas de pensar novas e diferentes, por uma visÃo em longo prazo e pela obtenÃÃo de novos conhecimentos cientÃficos que permitam desenvolver uma pesca sustentÃvel.
Extractive fishing lobster in Brazil is an important economic activity which includes different social sectors in the coastal region and provides an average annual income of USD$ 84 million. The great demand for the product, the high value in international market, expansion of the artisanal fleet, failure in enforce of conservation measures, the fishing impact on ecosystems and perhaps climate variability, have led to a high exploitation or overexploitation of the crustacean stocks. The evaluation and fishery prediction depends of biological and fisheries data collection, in the last two decades the absence of these data and the lack in the life cycle study generated a high level of uncertainty in the management of the fishery. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis is done of biological and fishery information generated by the thesis project and the data that precedes. The areas of the stock aggregation were distributed into 31 strata covering an area of 356.610 kmÂ, divided into two regions: shallow < 50 m (160.510 kmÂ) and depth between 50 and 100 m (196.100 kmÂ). The medium productivity index (1999-2006) between species was 29,75 kg/km in Panulirus argus and 8,39 kg/km in P. laevicauda; in different strata varied between 0.02 and 217.0 kg/km (both species). Catchability coefficients ranged between 0.10 and 0.14, showing that the fishing gears (caÃoeira, manzuà and cangalha) have a low efficiency in the lobster fishery. The sampling of landings between different fishing periods (1970-1979, 1980-1988 and 1989-1993) showed a progressive decrease in the small lobsters and as a result the mean length showed an increasing trend. The random samples on boats that fished between 20 and 35 m (1999), revealed that lobsters recruited (50 and 75 mm, Lc) accounted for 91% (P. argus) and 96% (P. laevicauda) of the total catch, which with the expansion of fishing (increased effort) was accompanied by a decreasing of the CPUE by fishing grids (between 1974 and 1991), showed a growth overfishing which are probably influencing in the high variations of the annual catches and its negative trend observed in the last fifteen years (1995-2009). The analysis between CPUE and abundance (N), revealed a lack of proportionality (hyperstability) between both parameters, which could be affecting the relationship between CPUE and effort and overestimating yield maximum sustainable (YMS). We estimated a yield maximum sustainable per unit area of 14 kg/km and a yield maximum sustainable preliminary between 5,000 and 5,604 t. This empirical result should be confirmed through the development of stratified random sampling is proposed in this study. There is not evidence of recruitment overfishing in the stocks, but high rates of exploitation in the deep stock (50 to 100 m) of P. argus, composed mainly of older specimens and high reproductive power, could be accentuating the risk of low recruitment and collapse. This high level of uncertainty which takes the lobster fishery on the continental shelf of Brazil must be addressed by new ways of thinking, by a long-term and acquiring new skills and knowledge to develop fisheries sustainable.
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Neves, Soraya da Silva. "OrganizaÃÃo e GestÃo Atual da Pesca da Lagosta Vermelha (Panulirus argus Latreille, 1804) na Plataforma Continental do CearÃ, Brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12116.
Full textAbstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorAs lagostas espinhosas apresentam grande importÃncia nos desembarques nacionais de pescado e, sobretudo, no estado do CearÃ. Representadas pelas espÃcies Panulirus argus e Panulirus laevicauda, apresentam-se em estado de sobrepesca, o que torna necessÃria a reformulaÃÃo do sistema de gestÃo atual a fim de assegurar a sustentabilidade da pescaria. Foi feita uma anÃlise da gestÃo atual do recurso, bem como das consequÃncias da variaÃÃo da composiÃÃo das capturas por tamanho nas profundidades de 0-10 m (setor raso) e 30-50 m (setor intermediÃrio), a partir de amostragens a bordo e da anÃlise de coorte de Jones baseada em comprimentos. Verificou-se que nÃo hà divisÃo territorial para evitar aglomeraÃÃes do esforÃo de pesca em uma mesma regiÃo. As capturas sÃo realizadas com o uso de artes de pesca (legais e ilegais) nÃo seletivas e embarcaÃÃes de diferentes portes, ocorrendo o constante descumprimento das medidas regulatÃrias de uso e acesso existentes. O sistema de comercializaÃÃo nÃo beneficia o pescador, sendo parte do lucro destinada a um intermediÃrio. Na prÃtica, o acesso ao recurso à livre, originando um regime de acesso irrestrito, em que hà geraÃÃo de externalidades negativas e levando à sobre-explotaÃÃo do recurso. Constatou-se diferenÃa entre as distribuiÃÃes de comprimento nos setores amostrados, havendo maior ocorrÃncia de indivÃduos juvenis e prÃ-recrutas no setor raso (SR) e de indivÃduos maiores no setor intermediÃrio (SI). As curvas de seletividade revelam que no SR o valor do L50 à 12% menor que o tamanho mÃnimo legal, enquanto no SI, à maior. Verificou-se tambÃm que no SR 86% das capturas correspondem a indivÃduos jovens e prÃ-recrutas, enquanto no SI, essa porcentagem cai para 26%. As biomassas mÃdias (Bm) calculadas para o SR e o SI sÃo constituÃdas, respectivamente, em 98% e 55% por indivÃduos menores que o permitido. No SR, um aumento de 13% no valor do L50 faz com que atinja o tamanho mÃnimo legal, incrementando a biomassa em 79%. TambÃm um aumento de 21% no L50 o eleva ao tamanho mÃnimo Ãtimo (80 mm), havendo um incremento de 84% na biomassa. Como as populaÃÃes brasileiras de lagosta sÃo metapopulaÃÃes fechadas, um plano de gestÃo abrangente que inclua medidas para mitigar as externalidades negativas como a criaÃÃo de uma TAC (Captura Total PermissÃvel), tambÃm o aumento no tamanho mÃnimo de captura, aliado à eliminaÃÃo da sobrepesca de crescimento deve ser benÃfico para aumentar os estoques de lagosta, assim como para elevar as capturas em peso.
The spiny lobsters present a great importance in national fish landings, especially in Cearà state. Represented by the species Panulirus argus and Panulirus laevicauda, both pecies in a overfishing situation, it is necessary a recast of the current management system to ensure the sustainability of their fishery. An analysis of current resource management was taken and the consequences of the variation in composition of catches by length at depths of 0-10 m (shallow region) and 30-50 m (intermediary region), from on board sampling and Jonesâlength-based cohort analysis. It was found that there is no territorial division to avoid agglomeration of fishing effort in the same region. The catch has been taken using fishing gears (legal and illegal) non selective and vessels with different sizes, occurring constant noncompliance of use and access to regulatory measures. The marketing system does not benefit the fisherman, being part of the profit destined to a middleman. In practice, the access to the resource is open, originating a system of unrestricted access, in which there is negative externality generation and leading to over-exploitation of the resource. It was found a difference between the length distributions in the sampled regions, with higher occurrence of juveniles and pre-recruits in the shallow region (SR) and larger individuals in the intermediary region (IR). The selection curves reveal that in the SR the value of L50 is 12% smaller than the minimum legal size, while the IR is greater. It was also found that in the SR 86% of catches correspond to juveniles and pre-recruits, while in IR, this percentage decreases to 26%. The mean biomasses (Bm) estimated to SR and IR are constituted in 98% and 55% by smaller individuals than permitted, respectively. In SR, an increase of 13% in the value of L50 makes it achieve the minimum legal size, increasing biomass by 79%. Also an increase of 21% in the L50 elevates the optimal minimum size (80 mm), with an increase of 84% in biomass. As Brazilian lobsterâs populations are closed metapopulations, a comprehensive management plan that includes measures to mitigate negative externalities such as the creation of a TAC (Total Allowable Catch), also the increase of the minimum catch size combined with the elimination of growth overfishing should be beneficial to increase the stocks of lobster, as well as to increase the catch by weight.
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Knott, Brendon. "Consumer reactions to sport event sponsorship: A case study of the 2006 Cape Argus Pick ‘n Pay Cycle Tour." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1575.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the
M-Tech: Tourism and Hospitality Management
in the
Faculty of Business
at the
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2007Sport event sponsorship has rarely undergone systematic study, and very few empirical studies have looked at the effect of sponsorship on the consumer. This study investigated consumer reactions to the sponsoring organisations, and identified factors that influence these reactions, among participants of the 2006 Cape Argus Pick ‘n Pay Cycle Tour. The Descriptive Research design consisted of self-administered questionnaires, administered on-line, on the Cycle Tour website. E-mails containing a hyperlink to the survey on the Internet were sent out to an estimated 30 000 eligible participants from the Cycle Tour database. A response of 213 valid answers was received. The findings indicated that event participants have a highly positive reaction to event sponsors. There are three components of this positive reaction: Participants have a highly positive reaction toward the event; they do not believe that the event is over-commercialised; and the event sponsorship has a positive influence on the participants’ attitude towards behavioural intent (namely high levels of awareness of and support for sponsors, as well as influencing the image perceptions of and satisfaction with sponsors, and increased likelihood to purchase). The results appear to support the following factors that influence these reactions: the nature of the sponsorship (commercial or philanthropic); the origin of the sponsorship (pre-existing or sponsor-created); the frequency of the sponsorship; the synergy/ link between the sponsor and event; and consumer interest and involvement in the event. The study proposes that in addition to these factors, a range of consumer demographic factors may influence reactions.
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Neves, Soraya da Silva. "Organização e Gestão Atual da Pesca da Lagosta Vermelha (Panulirus argus Latreille, 1804) na Plataforma Continental do Ceará, Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14118.
Full textAbstract:
NEVES, S. S. Organização e Gestão Atual da Pesca da Lagosta Vermelha (Panulirus argus Latreille, 1804) na Plataforma Continental do Ceará, Brasil. 2014. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Pesca) - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2014.Submitted by Daniel Eduardo Alencar da Silva (dealencar.silva@gmail.com) on 2015-01-20T20:04:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ssneves.pdf: 963800 bytes, checksum: 99cfb2347a0dae6142f1e20c314904a6 (MD5)
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The spiny lobsters present a great importance in national fish landings, especially in Ceará state. Represented by the species Panulirus argus and Panulirus laevicauda, both pecies in a overfishing situation, it is necessary a recast of the current management system to ensure the sustainability of their fishery. An analysis of current resource management was taken and the consequences of the variation in composition of catches by length at depths of 0-10 m (shallow region) and 30-50 m (intermediary region), from on board sampling and Jones’length-based cohort analysis. It was found that there is no territorial division to avoid agglomeration of fishing effort in the same region. The catch has been taken using fishing gears (legal and illegal) non selective and vessels with different sizes, occurring constant noncompliance of use and access to regulatory measures. The marketing system does not benefit the fisherman, being part of the profit destined to a middleman. In practice, the access to the resource is open, originating a system of unrestricted access, in which there is negative externality generation and leading to over-exploitation of the resource. It was found a difference between the length distributions in the sampled regions, with higher occurrence of juveniles and pre-recruits in the shallow region (SR) and larger individuals in the intermediary region (IR). The selection curves reveal that in the SR the value of L50 is 12% smaller than the minimum legal size, while the IR is greater. It was also found that in the SR 86% of catches correspond to juveniles and pre-recruits, while in IR, this percentage decreases to 26%. The mean biomasses (Bm) estimated to SR and IR are constituted in 98% and 55% by smaller individuals than permitted, respectively. In SR, an increase of 13% in the value of L50 makes it achieve the minimum legal size, increasing biomass by 79%. Also an increase of 21% in the L50 elevates the optimal minimum size (80 mm), with an increase of 84% in biomass. As Brazilian lobster’s populations are closed metapopulations, a comprehensive management plan that includes measures to mitigate negative externalities such as the creation of a TAC (Total Allowable Catch), also the increase of the minimum catch size combined with the elimination of growth overfishing should be beneficial to increase the stocks of lobster, as well as to increase the catch by weight.
As lagostas espinhosas apresentam grande importância nos desembarques nacionais de pescado e, sobretudo, no estado do Ceará. Representadas pelas espécies Panulirus argus e Panulirus laevicauda, apresentam-se em estado de sobrepesca, o que torna necessária a reformulação do sistema de gestão atual a fim de assegurar a sustentabilidade da pescaria. Foi feita uma análise da gestão atual do recurso, bem como das consequências da variação da composição das capturas por tamanho nas profundidades de 0-10 m (setor raso) e 30-50 m (setor intermediário), a partir de amostragens a bordo e da análise de coorte de Jones baseada em comprimentos. Verificou-se que não há divisão territorial para evitar aglomerações do esforço de pesca em uma mesma região. As capturas são realizadas com o uso de artes de pesca (legais e ilegais) não seletivas e embarcações de diferentes portes, ocorrendo o constante descumprimento das medidas regulatórias de uso e acesso existentes. O sistema de comercialização não beneficia o pescador, sendo parte do lucro destinada a um intermediário. Na prática, o acesso ao recurso é livre, originando um regime de acesso irrestrito, em que há geração de externalidades negativas e levando à sobre-explotação do recurso. Constatou-se diferença entre as distribuições de comprimento nos setores amostrados, havendo maior ocorrência de indivíduos juvenis e pré-recrutas no setor raso (SR) e de indivíduos maiores no setor intermediário (SI). As curvas de seletividade revelam que no SR o valor do L50 é 12% menor que o tamanho mínimo legal, enquanto no SI, é maior. Verificou-se também que no SR 86% das capturas correspondem a indivíduos jovens e pré-recrutas, enquanto no SI, essa porcentagem cai para 26%. As biomassas médias (Bm) calculadas para o SR e o SI são constituídas, respectivamente, em 98% e 55% por indivíduos menores que o permitido. No SR, um aumento de 13% no valor do L50 faz com que atinja o tamanho mínimo legal, incrementando a biomassa em 79%. Também um aumento de 21% no L50 o eleva ao tamanho mínimo ótimo (80 mm), havendo um incremento de 84% na biomassa. Como as populações brasileiras de lagosta são metapopulações fechadas, um plano de gestão abrangente que inclua medidas para mitigar as externalidades negativas como a criação de uma TAC (Captura Total Permissível), também o aumento no tamanho mínimo de captura, aliado à eliminação da sobrepesca de crescimento deve ser benéfico para aumentar os estoques de lagosta, assim como para elevar as capturas em peso.
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Barroso, Juarez Coelho. "Avaliação da Pesca da Lagosta Vermelha (Panulirus argus) e da Lagosta verde (Panulirus laevicauda) na Plataforma Continental do Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18432.
Full textAbstract:
BARROSO, Juarez Coelho. Avaliação da Pesca da Lagosta Vermelha (Panulirus argus) e da Lagosta verde (Panulirus laevicauda) na Plataforma Continental do Brasil. 2012. 109 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Fortaleza-CE, 2012Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-18T13:17:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_jcbarroso.pdf: 2594115 bytes, checksum: ce2b67584a13e444ae16d1c1c08898f1 (MD5)
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Extractive fishing lobster in Brazil is an important economic activity which includes different social sectors in the coastal region and provides an average annual income of USD$ 84 million. The great demand for the product, the high value in international market, expansion of the artisanal fleet, failure in enforce of conservation measures, the fishing impact on ecosystems and perhaps climate variability, have led to a high exploitation or overexploitation of the crustacean stocks. The evaluation and fishery prediction depends of biological and fisheries data collection, in the last two decades the absence of these data and the lack in the life cycle study generated a high level of uncertainty in the management of the fishery. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis is done of biological and fishery information generated by the thesis project and the data that precedes. The areas of the stock aggregation were distributed into 31 strata covering an area of 356.610 km², divided into two regions: shallow < 50 m (160.510 km²) and depth between 50 and 100 m (196.100 km²). The medium productivity index (1999-2006) between species was 29,75 kg/km² in Panulirus argus and 8,39 kg/km² in P. laevicauda; in different strata varied between 0.02 and 217.0 kg/km² (both species). Catchability coefficients ranged between 0.10 and 0.14, showing that the fishing gears (caçoeira, manzuá and cangalha) have a low efficiency in the lobster fishery. The sampling of landings between different fishing periods (1970-1979, 1980-1988 and 1989-1993) showed a progressive decrease in the small lobsters and as a result the mean length showed an increasing trend. The random samples on boats that fished between 20 and 35 m (1999), revealed that lobsters recruited (50 and 75 mm, Lc) accounted for 91% (P. argus) and 96% (P. laevicauda) of the total catch, which with the expansion of fishing (increased effort) was accompanied by a decreasing of the CPUE by fishing grids (between 1974 and 1991), showed a growth overfishing which are probably influencing in the high variations of the annual catches and its negative trend observed in the last fifteen years (1995-2009). The analysis between CPUE and abundance (N), revealed a lack of proportionality (hyperstability) between both parameters, which could be affecting the relationship between CPUE and effort and overestimating yield maximum sustainable (YMS). We estimated a yield maximum sustainable per unit area of 14 kg/km² and a yield maximum sustainable preliminary between 5,000 and 5,604 t. This empirical result should be confirmed through the development of stratified random sampling is proposed in this study. There is not evidence of recruitment overfishing in the stocks, but high rates of exploitation in the deep stock (50 to 100 m) of P. argus, composed mainly of older specimens and high reproductive power, could be accentuating the risk of low recruitment and collapse. This high level of uncertainty which takes the lobster fishery on the continental shelf of Brazil must be addressed by new ways of thinking, by a long-term and acquiring new skills and knowledge to develop fisheries sustainable.
A pesca extrativa de lagosta no Brasil é uma atividade econômica importante que engloba diferentes setores sociais na região costeira e que aporta um ingresso médio anual de 84 milhões de dólares. A grande demanda do produto, o elevado valor no mercado internacional, a expansão da frota artesanal, o não cumprimento das medidas de conservação, o impacto da pesca no ecossistema e possivelmente a variabilidade do clima, tem propiciado uma elevada explotação ou sobre-explotação dos estoques destes crustáceos. A avaliação e previsão da pescaria dependem da coleta de informação biológica e pesqueira, em que nas duas últimas décadas a ausência destes dados e a falta de estudo do ciclo de vida gerou um elevado nível de incerteza na administração da pescaria. No presente estudo, foi realizada uma análise integral da informação biológico-pesqueira gerada pelo projeto de mestrado e pelos dados que o precedem. As zonas de agregação dos estoques pesqueiros se distribuíram em 31 estratos que cobrem uma área de 356.610 km², divididos em duas regiões: rasa < 50 m (160.510 km²) e profunda entre 50 e 100 m (196.100 km²). O índice de produtividade médio (1999-2006) entre espécies foi de 29,75 kg/km² em Panulirus argus e de 8,39 kg/km² em P. laevicauda; nos diferentes estratos variou entre 0,02 e 217,0 kg/km² (ambas as espécies). Os coeficientes de capturabilidade variaram entre 0,10 e 0,14, demonstrando-se que os aparelhos de pesca (caçoeira, manzuá e cangalha) apresentam uma baixa eficiência na pescaria de lagosta. A amostragem dos desembarques entre diferentes períodos de pesca (1970-1979, 1980-1988 e 1989-1993) mostrou uma diminuição progressiva das lagostas pequenas e, como resultado, o comprimento médio mostrou uma tendência crescente. As amostragens aleatórias nas embarcações que pescaram entre 20 e 35 m (1999) revelaram que as lagostas recrutadas (50 e 75 mm, CC) representaram 91% (P. argus) e 96% (P. laevicauda) do total capturado, que conjuntamente com a expansão da área de pesca (aumento do esforço) e a diminuição da CPUE por quadrículas de pesca (entre 1974 e 1991), evidenciaram uma sobrepesca de crescimento que provavelmente esteja influenciando nas elevadas variações das capturas anuais e em sua tendência negativa observada nos últimos 15 anos (1995-2009). A análise realizada entre a CPUE e a abundância (N), revelou uma falta de proporcionalidade (hiperestabilidade) entre ambos os parâmetros, que poderia estar afetando a relação entre a CPUE e o esforço, e sobre-estimando as estimativas do rendimento máximo sustentável (RMS). Foi estimado um rendimento máximo sustentável por unidade de área de 14 kg/km² e um rendimento máximo sustentável preliminar entre 5.000 e 5.604 t. Este resultado empírico deve ser corroborado a partir do desenvolvimento da amostragem aleatória estratificada que foi proposto no presente estudo. Não existem evidências de uma sobrepesca de recrutamento nos estoques, mas as altas taxas de explotação no estoque do setor profundo (50 e 100 m) de P. argus, composto principalmente por exemplares mais velhos e de elevado poder reprodutor, poderia estar acentuando o risco dos recrutamentos baixos e dos colapsos. Este grande nível de incerteza pelo que transcorre a pescaria de lagosta na plataforma continental do Brasil deve ser abordado por formas de pensar novas e diferentes, por uma visão em longo prazo e pela obtenção de novos conhecimentos científicos que permitam desenvolver uma pesca sustentável.
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Crabtree, Brian, J. Lyle Bootman, Cynthia J. Boyle, Patricia Chase, Peggy Piascik, and Lucinda L. Maine. "Aligning the AACP Strategic Engagement Agenda with Key Federal Priorities in Health: Report of the 2016-17 Argus Commission." AMER ASSOC COLL PHARMACY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626251.
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The Argus Commission identified three major federal priorities related to health care, including the precision medicine initiative, the Cancer Moonshot and the opioid abuse epidemic. Current activities at the federal level were summarized and an analysis of activities within the profession, and academic pharmacy specifically, was prepared. The implications for pharmacy education, research and practice are compelling in all three areas. Recommendations, suggestions and two policy statements aim to optimize the attention to these priorities by the academy. Further, aligning the AACP Strategic Engagement agenda with the opportunities and threats acknowledged in the analysis is essential.
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Callwood, Karlisa A. "Use of Larval Connectivity Modeling to Determine Settlement Habitats of Panulirus argus in The Bahamas as a Pre-cursor to Marine Protected Area Network Planning." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/59.
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Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) is a popular and heavily exploited seafood throughout its range. This species supports the primary fishery in many Caribbean countries, especially in the Bahamas, which reports the highest catches and where spiny lobster serves as the number one food export. P. argus possesses one of the longest pelagic larval durations of any marine species, ranging from 6-12 months. This allows for the possibility of long-range dispersal, which would make it difficult to determine if local adult populations originate from areas close-by or within the same countries/jurisdictions, thus presenting implications for conservation and management of the species. This project seeks to explore the policy implications of lobster larval dispersal in the Bahamas by examining the larval connectivity of locally spawned P. argus in order to determine the mean dispersal kernel and to identify hotspots of settlement within the area. A coupled biophysical model was used to simulate larval transport from scaled egg production of 47 release locations within the Bahamas. The model was initialized bi-weekly from April through May, the highest months of larvae production in the Bahamas, with each model run occurring for a maximum of 180 days. The dispersal kernel for the Bahamas was calculated to be an average of 100-300 km, indicating that the larvae released within its boundaries typically settled there as well. Due to the long pelagic larval duration, larval particles were able to travel extensive distances, averaging trajectories covering distances of 4000 km and greater from the source locations. Yet, those same larval particles still settled in locations within the Bahamas, suggesting local retention, which varies from the common perception that lobster in the Bahamas originate elsewhere. This knowledge can be used to assess and perhaps reevaluate conservation and management strategies related to the Bahamian P. argus fishery, including the implementation of MPAs and/or MPA networks, input and output management controls, and other management tools.
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Lourenço, Jullyermes Araújo. "Desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes de lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palinuridae) submetidos a diferentes temperaturas em condições de laboratório." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/1371.
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LOURENÇO, Jullyermes Araújo. Desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes de lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palinuridae) submetidos a diferentes temperaturas em condições de laboratório. 2006. 147f. Dissertação(Mestrado em Engenharia de Pesca) - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2006.Submitted by Maria Naires Souza (marianaires@ufc.br) on 2011-12-02T23:37:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-dis-jalourenço.pdf: 7127361 bytes, checksum: 5bf6ebe24d68c47f6f1e373d78846993 (MD5)
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Because of the great economic importance of the spiny lobster in North-east Brazil, mainly in Ceara State and also most fisheries are overexploited, Aquaculture Technology Center, Federal University of Ceara has been directed research towards essential technical design for basic methodology to the culture of spiny lobster in laboratory. Then, the objective of the present study is to verify the influence of five differents temperature in development of early juvenile spiny lobster Panulirus argus in laboratory. An entirely random delineation was applied: 24, 26, 28, 30 e 32 ºC, resulting in 5 treatments, repeated 4 times, coming to a total of 20 individuals, Recent offspring of P. argus lobster were captured with a plastic fish trap in the low tides of spring tides (0.0 and – 0.1m) near English bridge, Iracema Beach, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. The initial average weight (g), average cephalotorax (mm) and total (mm) length of spiny lobsters were 2.680g; 13.8mm e 40.4mm, respectively. The individuals development was determined through the analyses and observations of the following parameters: increments in weight and length, number of molts, intermolt periods and survival rate. Chemical and physical parameters, biometric data, number and frequency of molts per individual, survival rate were analyzed for the determination of statistical tests. The experiment was conducted in 5 polyethylene box, measuring 37 x 55.5 cm, with capacity each for 30 liters of water. The spiny lobster culture system was provided with biological filter and artificial aeration to improve water quality. The experiment was carried out during 180 days. Biometric data was recorded every month, observing behavior, weight and length of individuals. Animals were fed on mollusk Tegula sp. and live Artemia nauplii consisting of 2 nauplius/ml. The juvenile were fed once a day. Water temperature was maintained constant by a heater with thermostat. When necessary, the value of pH and salinity was maintained changing part of culture water. At the end of experiment, survival rate were 75%, 100%, 100% e 75% for the treatments 24, 26, 28 e 30 ºC, respectively. The individuals died within one month for the treatment 32 ºC. The average value of pH and salinity for the treatments 24, 26, 28 e 30 ºC, were: 7.86 ± 0.31; 7.56 ± 0.3; 7.91 ± 0.31; 7.67 ± 0.31 e 38.6 ± 1.3‰; 38.6± 1.1‰; 38.8 ± 0.9‰; 38.8 ± 1‰, respectively, remaining within the normal level according to the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test and statistically equal through t-Student test (µ = 0.05). The final biometric data for the treatments 24, 26, 28 and 30 ºC, were: 5.104 g, 24.3 mm and 52.1 mm; 8.345 g, 29.8 mm and 63.6 mm; 9.129 g, 32.7 mm and 69.9 mm; 5.971 g, 23.2 mm and 52.8 mm for the weight, cephalotorax and total lengths. It was observed yet in the experiment, a total of 39 molts, 8 for the treatment 24 ºC, 10 for the treatment 26 ºC, 13 for the treatment 28 ºC and 8 for the treatment 30 ºC. The statistical procedure ANOVA and Tukey Test (P < 0.05) at the end of experiment showed that there were significant differences among the treatments being analyzed average weight and length, increments percentage in growth and intermolt period of the individuals. The final survival rate didn´t showed statistical significant differences with Qui-Quadrado test (P > 0.05). We can concluded that the treatment 28 ºC represented the best temperature in relation to the development of early juveniles P. argus in controled environment, when the temperature 24, 26, 30 e 32 ºC were compared under the same condition. There is a consensus of opinion of the scientific communities and businessman linked to the fishing enterprises which more research is needed on the culture of the spiny lobster, whose main objective is to develop a pilot project economically feasible in marine environment, contributing to the generation of profitable activity and employment to the local communities and also increasing yields and delivered to markets. Thus assuming that growth overfishing is bound to be the main cause of decline in the catch of spiny lobster
Devido a grande importância econômica da lagosta espinhosa para a Região Nordeste, principalmente para o Estado do Ceará e também pela sobrexplotação em que esse crustáceo encontra-se atualmente, o Centro de Tecnologia em Aqüicultura do Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca da Universidade Federal do Ceará, vêm realizando pesquisas com o intuito de contribuir para o estabelecimento de uma metodologia básica de cultivo para lagosta em laboratório. Dessa forma, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi verificar a influência de cinco diferentes temperaturas no desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes da lagosta espinhosa Panulirus argus em laboratório, sendo estas delineadas da seguinte forma: 24, 26, 28, 30 e 32 ºC, resultando em cinco tratamentos com quatro repetições, totalizando 20 indivíduos, sendo dado um caráter inteiramente casualizado ao experimento. Os juvenis foram coletados em marés baixas de sizígia (- 0,1 e 0,0 m) através de mergulho e puçá plástico nas imediações da Ponte dos Ingleses, Praia de Iracema, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, onde apresentaram inicialmente peso médio, comprimento médio do cefalotórax e comprimento médio total de 2,680 g; 13,8 mm e 40,4 mm, respectivamente. O desenvolvimento dos indivíduos foi determinado através de análises e observações dos parâmetros de crescimento em peso e comprimento, número de mudas, período de intermudas e taxa de sobrevivência. O procedimento experimental foi realizado em cinco caixas de polietileno medindo 37 x 55,5 cm, com capacidade para 30 L de água, cada. Foram colocados filtros biológicos e aeração artificial para melhorar a qualidade e a taxa de oxigênio dissolvido da água, ambos acoplados a compressores de ar para aquários. O experimento teve duração de 180 dias, sendo realizadas biometrias mensais, observando-se o crescimento e o ganho em peso, bem como, o comportamento dos indivíduos. A alimentação foi composta pelo molusco Tegula sp. e náuplios recém eclodidos de Artemia franciscana na proporção de 2 náuplios/ml, ofertada uma vez ao dia até a saciedade dos juvenis. A temperatura da água foi mantida constante através de aquecedores termostatos, e, os valores de pH e salinidade controlados sempre que necessário com trocas parciais de água. Ao final do experimento, obteve-se os seguintes percentuais de sobrevivência: 75%, 100%, 100% e 75% para os tratamentos 24, 26, 28 e 30 ºC, respectivamente, sendo que os indivíduos pertencentes ao tratamento 32 ºC morreram antes de completar um mês de cultivo. Os valores médios de pH e salinidade para os tratamentos 24, 26, 28 e 30ºC, foram: 7,86 ± 0,31; 7,56 ± 0,3; 7,91 ± 0,31; 7,67 ± 0,31 e 38,6 ± 1,3‰; 38,6± 1,1‰; 38,8 ± 0,9‰; 38,8 ± 1‰, respectivamente, permanecendo dentro da faixa de normalidade segundo o Teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e iguais estatisticamente através do Teste t-Student (µ = 0,05). Os dados biométricos finais para os tratamentos 24, 26, 28 e 30 ºC, foram: 5,104 g, 24,3 mm e 52,1 mm; 8,345 g, 29,8 mm e 63,6 mm; 9,129 g, 32,7 mm e 69,9 mm; 5,971 g, 23,2 mm e 52,8 mm para o peso, comprimento do cefalotórax e comprimento total, respectivamente. Foi observado ainda, um total de 39 mudas no experimento, sendo oito para o tratamento 24 ºC, dez para o tratamento 26 ºC, treze para o tratamento 28 ºC e oito para o tratamento 30 ºC. Os procedimentos estatísticos mostraram que houve diferença estatística significativa entre os tratamentos ao final do experimento, comprovado através da ANOVA e do Teste de Tukey (P < 0,05), sendo analisadas as médias de peso e dos comprimentos, bem como, os percentuais dos incrementos em crescimento e período de intermudas dos indivíduos. A taxa de sobrevivência final não apresentou diferença estatística significativa através do Teste do Qui-Quadrado (P > 0,05). Analisando os dados separadamente, podemos concluir que o tratamento 28 ºC representou a melhor temperatura em relação ao desenvolvimento de juvenis recentes de P. argus em ambiente controlado, quando comparado às temperaturas 24, 26, 30 e 32 ºC sob as mesmas condições. Existe um consenso por parte da comunidade científica e de empresários vinculados ao setor lagosteiro que são necessários mais estudos sobre o cultivo de lagostas, cujo objetivo maior é implantar um projeto piloto sustentável no ambiente marinho, visando gerar emprego e renda para as comunidades locais e também aumentar a oferta desse recurso no mercado, pois sua pesca já se encontra com fortes declínios de produção
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Guedes, Rafael Marcondes Carvalho. "Utilização de métodos diretos e vídeo-imagens ARGUS na caracterização morfodinâmica da zona de arrebentação da praia do Cassino, RS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2008. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/3537.
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Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2008.Submitted by Cristiane Silva (cristiane_gomides@hotmail.com) on 2013-03-12T12:01:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_rafael_guedes.pdf: 4401960 bytes, checksum: 221deab27ef84bd5214ff6b57b7d6604 (MD5)
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Bancos arenosos são feições morfológicas que comumente ocorrem dentro e próximas à zona de arrebentação das praias arenosas, locais onde a amostragem de dados de forma direta é difícil de ser realizada de forma contínua. Em função disto, métodos de sensoriamento remoto baseados em vídeo têm sido bastante utilizados para estudos neste tipo de ambiente. O presente trabalho tem por objetivos principais caracterizar a morfologia e a dinâmica dos bancos arenosos na Praia do Cassino, RS, utilizando métodos diretos (perfis praiais) e indiretos de amostragem (Sistema de vídeo-imagens Argus), bem como avaliar estimativas de posições dos bancos arenosos através destes tipos de imagens. Setenta e um perfis de praia foram obtidos diariamente durante um experimento de campo realizado na Praia do Cassino, RS, simultaneamente à aquisição de vídeo-imagens Argus e dados hidrodinâmicos medidos na zona de arrebentação. Foi observada baixa mobilidade da praia na porção emersa, e alta na porção submersa, sendo esta atribuída à mobilidade dos bancos arenosos na zona de arrebentação. Três bancos arenosos foram amostrados com os perfis de praia, e observados através de padrões de quebra das ondas através das imagens, sendo o primeiro do tipo inter-mareal e os outros dois submersos. O primeiro banco apresentou alta mobilidade em escalas temporais de horas, induzida por variações nas posições de espraiamento na praia, enquanto o segundo, com posição média de 99 m a partir da linha de praia, caracterizou-se por ser mais estável na escala de horas, porém apresentou alta mobilidade na escala temporal de dias. Uma seqüência de migração contínua do segundo banco em direção à costa foi observada durante um período de 13 dias, culminando com a união do primeiro e do segundo banco na região do alinhamento do perfil, e a formação de uma morfologia crescente, típica de estágios praiais intermediários. Foram encontrados indícios de que os padrões de dissipação de energia das ondas na zona de arrebentação estão bastante associados à morfologia do perfil. Imagens Argus do tipo Timex e Variance, as quais retratam padrões de longa exposição e de variabilidade na quebra das ondas, respectivamente, foram utilizadas para estimar as posições dos bancos arenosos. Foi observada boa correlação entre as posições medidas com os perfis e as estimadas com ambas as imagens. Entretanto, oscilações consideráveis em escalas de horas foram observadas, principalmente com as imagens do tipo Variance, induzidas em grande parte por variações em altura de onda e nível. Estas variações alteram o ponto de quebra das ondas com relação à posição dos bancos, e representam assim migração aparente, que deve ser eliminada. A remoção de parte desta variabilidade foi obtida através de modelos de regressão múltipla, os quais melhoraram as estimativas dos bancos, resultando em erros residuais predominantemente restritos a 10 m entre as posições medidas e as estimadas.
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Eggleston, David Bryan. "Stock enhancement of Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus Latrielle, using artificial shelters: Patterns of survival and dynamics of shelter selection." W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616639.
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Field tethering experiments in seagrass beds of Bahia de la Ascension, Mexico examined the impact of different-sized artificial shelters upon survival of three juvenile size-classes of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. The artificial shelters were concrete structures (casitas) that simulate lobster dens. In the tethering experiments, spiny lobster survival was generally higher in smaller than larger casitas, though the effect depended upon the relationship between lobster and shelter size. Thus, spiny lobster survival depends not only upon the availability of shelter, but also on the scaling between shelter size and lobster size. These results suggest that placement of appropriately-scaled artificial shelters in nursery habitats where natural shelter is scarce is likely to augement habitat carrying capacity and therefore lobster production by increasing protection from predators. Field enclosure experiments examined the effects of spiny lobster size, social condition (i.e. presence or absence of conspecifics), shelter size, and predation risk (i.e. presence or absence of a major predator, the nurse shark Ginglyostoma cirratum) upon den choice by juvenile and adult P. argus. to corroborate the findings of the enclosure experiments, seasonal, size-specific abundance patterns of P. argus were quantified in the field by deploying artificial lobster shelters (casitas) of different sizes in two habitats that differed primarily in the potential for gregarious interactions. The experimental and observational field results were strikingly similar. Social condition and the scaling of lobster size to shelter size jointly regulated den choice patterns of adult and juvenile Panulirus argus in the field experiments and observations; lobsters also displayed marked size-specific behavioral flexibility in den choice according to social condition and predation risk. When conspecific densities and predation risk were low, lobsters resided primarily in smaller shelters; when conspecific densities were high and predation risk was low, lobsters resided predominantly in large shelters offering the highest potential for gregariousness; and, when predation risk was high, irrespective of conspecific densities, lobsters shifted to gregarious habitation in smaller, safer shelters. Hence, this study provides an empirical and conceptual framework for identifying how variations in the availability of resources, such as conspecifics and appropriately scaled refuges, influence the distribution and abundance of social, shelter-dwelling species.