Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Argument strucure'
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Henadeerage, Kumara, and kumara henadeerage@anu edu au. "Topics in Sinhala Syntax." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20060426.142352.
Full textMoretti, Fabiana Cristina Baldim Lopes. "Os verbos de transferência/movimento no PB e a expressão do objeto indireto. Revisitando a noção de estrutura argumental à luz da morfologia distribuída." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-14062011-143152/.
Full textVerbs which express transfer/motion events in Brazilian Portuguese are formed by Roots that involve, in their semantics, an agent, a transferred/motioned element and a receiver/goal. In general, these verbs form ditransitive syntactic constructions, in which the agent is expressed through the subject, the transferred/motioned element through de direct object and the receiver/goal through the indirect object. In these syntactic contexts, the indirect object has aroused, in the relevant literature, some discussions about its nature: argument or adjunct, and, yet, dative complement or oblique complement. These discussions show the indefinition of the syntactic-semantic status of this element inside linguistic theories. We understand that these discussions are connected to the conception of grammar structure assumed by the different researchers, and, also, to the way they understand argument structure and syntactic structure interact inside this conception. In other words, the debate arises for, in the characterization of the grammatical relation of the indirect object with the verb, it is crucial that the researcher has an argument structure theory that allows him to establish the arguments mapping and licensing in syntax. In this research, we assume the Distributed Morphologys (DM) (Halle & Marantz 1993) grammar structure. According to DM, morphemes consist of syntacticsemantic features supplied by the Universal Grammar. Verbs consist of l-morphemes (Roots) in specific structural relations with f-morphemes, which license verbal syntactic structures. Since DM does not presupposes a deterministic Roots semantic properties mapping in syntax, it gets to explain how is it possible that one verb occur in more than one syntactic structure, without needing to appeal to two lexical entries for this same verb, for example. Thus, DM is a more advantageous model to explain argument structure and argument realization related phenomenon than lexical entry based models, what justifies our theoretical choice. Furthermore, this theory allows us to take part in the discussions listed above about the indirect object. We assume that this element is an argument of the transfer/motion verbs in Brazilian Portuguese and that it is a dative complement. Assumptions like phonology late insertion in Spell-Out (a pos-syntactic operation) and vocabulary item specification, pointed out by DM, get to explain the cases in which the indirect object is not phonologically realized, and occur in the syntactic structure as an anaphoric null argument, or as an implicit argument, without anaphoric reference. Besides that, these theoretical resources also get to explain the cases in which this element does not occur in the syntactic structure derived by the verb give.
Grahek, Sabina. "Argument structure in Slovene." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438579.
Full textDIAS, RONALDO SOUZA. "TWO CLASSES OF PRACTICAL ARGUMENTS: THE PRACTICAL ARGUMENT STRUCTURE FROM THE VISION OF STEPHEN TOULMIN AND JOSEPH RAZ." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21597@1.
Full textA distinção entre argumentar a partir de regra, e argumentar quando não há regra, é retomada para elucidar alguns aspectos da atividade justificatória no âmbito legal. A referida distinção encontrou em Rawls um porta-voz que realçou de modo incisivo sua importância para a prática legal. Antes dele, porém, Hume, Mill, Ryle e Toulmin, entre outros, já haviam tecido considerações relevantes ao tema. A distinção serve de motivação para dividir o campo da argumentação prática, particularmente da argumentação jurídica, em duas classes, a saber, argumentos de primeira e de segunda ordem. Nos argumentos de segunda ordem, uma regra atua na forma descrita no modelo de Toulmin. Nos argumentos de primeira ordem, caracterizados pela ausência de regra, procede-se mediante ponderação de razões, substanciadas em princípios gerais, valores morais, interesses políticos, programas econômicos, considerações religiosas e pretensões corporativas. Alguns exemplos ilustram a distinção. Argumenta-se que a base lógica dessa distinção assenta-se no conceito de regra como razão excludente, no sentido estabelecido por Joseph Raz.
The distinction between justify a conclusion from rule and justify it when no rule is resumed to elucidate some aspects of legal activity. This distinction found in Rawls a spokesman that incisively pointed out its importance for the legal practice. Before him, however, Hume (A Treatise of Human Nature), Mill (A System of Logic), Ryle (The Concept of Mind) and Toulmin (The Uses of Argument), among others, had already made relevant considerations to the topic. The distinction serves as motivation to split the field of argumentation practice, particularly of the legal argument, into two classes, namely, arguments of first and second order. In the arguments of second order, a rule operates in the manner described in the Toulmin model, in the arguments of the first order, characterized by the absence of rule, by weighting of reasons, substantiated on general principles, moral values, political interests, religious considerations and corporate claims. Some examples illustrate the distinction. It is argued that the logical basis of this distinction is based on the concept of rule as exclusionary reason, within the meaning established by Joseph Raz.
Darteni, Silvia. "Italian parasynthetic verbs : argument structure." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080073/document.
Full textThe present dissertation investigates the argument structure of two groups of Italian parasyntheticverbs: denominal verbs paraphrased as "make X become N", where N is the base noun (henceforth BN); adjectival verbs paraphrased as "make X more A", where A is the base adjective. The two groups present different issues linked to the lexical syntax, the former can participate in a secondary predication that is unexpected for Romance languages; the latter can receive two aspectual readings (stative and eventive) which are both causative.The dissertation starts with three chapters of general interest. The first one describes new experimental methods that can be employed in generative linguistics. The second and third one describe useful frameworks and the morphological process of parasynthesis.The first part of the dissertation analyses BNs. It is shown by means of several experiments that Italian native speakers accept the pseudo-resultative construction. Results of a comparative study with French are reported and show that French behaves differently to Italian in this respect.4The second part analyses stativity diagnostics and apply them in the study of DPVs. It gives account for the causal stativity in the force-dynamic framework.The last chapter applies stativity diagnostics in the natural language processing domain
Rosen, Sara Thomas. "Argument structure and complex predicates." New York : Garland publ, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35690826v.
Full textXiong, Yiting. "La expresión de la causatividad en español y en chino: en la interfaz léxico-sintáctica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670985.
Full textLa causatividad, un concepto que se repite en diferentes lenguas, siempre ha sido un punto de interés para la lingüística generativa, que ha intentado analizar la forma en que esta se expresa en las distintas lenguas. El presente trabajo tiene como objeto de estudio los verbos causativos y las construcciones causativas del español y del chino, con la finalidad de indagar en sus distribuciones y sus propiedades, así como de describir y resumir los puntos tanto convergentes como divergentes entre las dos lenguas, a los cuales intentamos dar explicaciones desde el punto de vista de la estructura argumental. Al mismo tiempo, también se hace una aproximación a las cuestiones más discutidas de la causatividad en la interfaz léxico-sintáctica. El trabajo se lleva a cabo desde una perspectiva neoconstruccionista, con el patrón de análisis basado en la teoría de estructura argumental de Hale y Keyser (1993) y Mateu (2002), la Morfología Distribuida propuesta por Halle y Marantz (1993), el tratamiento de la v pequeña de Cuervo (2003), la Hipótesis del núcleo Voz de Kratzer (1996) y la teoría del núcleo Aplicativo de Pylkkänen (2002). Con el análisis del trabajo concluimos que las dos lenguas tienen divergencias importantes en la expresión de la causatividad. Por un lado, en la distribución, la manera más abundante del español corresponde a los verbos morfológicos, mientras que en chino los verbos compuestos constituyen la forma más recurrente. Esto se debe a la diferencia tipológica entre las dos lenguas: el español, como una lengua flexiva, tiene la derivación como un procedimiento importante en la formación de palabras; en cambio, el chino, siendo una lengua aislante, se caracteriza por tener numerosas palabras compuestas. Por otra parte, en la estructura, las construcciones causativas del español presentan más variantes, mientras que el orden de palabras de las construcciones causativas del chino es más fijo. La razón reside en que en el caso del español el verbo causativo hacer y el verbo en infinitivo pueden formar un predicado complejo, pero en el caso del chino el verbo subordinado pertenece a una predicación completa. O, mejor dicho, el tamaño de la estructura del predicado subordinado difiere entre las dos lenguas, consideramos que el del español es Sv y el del chino es SComp. Esto también confirma la sinteticidad del español y la analiticidad del chino, puesto que una característica del último consiste en que los núcleos funcionales son débiles como para desencadenar desplazamientos, por ejemplo, el verbo causativo shi no puede desencadenar el desplazamiento del verbo subordinado.
The causation, a concept that is repeated in different languages, has always been a point of interest for generative linguistics, which has tried to analyze the way in which it is expressed in different languages. The object of this study is to analyze the causative verbs and the causative constructions of Spanish and Chinese, in order to investigate their distributions and properties, as well as to describe and summarize both the convergent and divergent points between the two languages, to which we try to give explanations from the point of view of the argument structure. At the same time, an approach is also made to the most controversial questions of causation at the lexical-syntactic interface. The work is carried out from a neoconstructionist perspective, with the analysis pattern based on the semantic-relational structure theory of Hale and Keyser (1993) and Mateu (2002), the Distributed Morphology proposed by Halle and Marantz (1993), the treatment of the little v of Cuervo (2003), the Kratzer’s Voice Hypothesis (1996) and the theory of Applicative proposed by Pylkkänen (2002). With the analysis of the work we conclude that the two languages have important divergences in the expression of causation. On the one hand, in the distribution, the most abundant form of Spanish corresponds to morphological verbs, while in Chinese compound verbs are the most recurrent form. This is due to the typological difference between the two languages: Spanish, as an inflectional language, has derivation as an important procedure in word formation; instead, Chinese, being an isolating language, is characterized by having numerous compound words. On the other hand, in the structure, the causative constructions in Spanish present more variants, while the word order of the causative constructions in Chinese is more fixed. The reason is that in the case of Spanish the causative verb hacer and the infinitive verb can form a complex predicate, but in the case of Chinese the subordinate verb belongs to a complete predication. Or rather, the size of the subordinate predicate structure differs between the two languages, we consider that of Spanish is vP and that of Chinese is CP. This also confirms the syntheticity of Spanish and the analyticity of Chinese, since a characteristic of the latter is that the functional heads are not strong enough to trigger displacements, for example, the causative verb shi cannot trigger the displacement of the subordinate verb.
Crespí, Riutort Isabel. "Aspecte i estructura argumental en les construccions passives del català." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670459.
Full textEn esta tesis nos proponemos identificar y analizar las diferentes construcciones pasivas del catalán y hacer una propuesta formal que permita analizar de manera unificada las pasivas de diferentes lenguas. Siguiendo a Embick (2004), identificamos tres tipos de construcciones pasivas en catalán: eventivas, resultativas y estativas. Sin embargo, modificamos la definición de la pasiva estativa que propone Embick y consideramos que es la pasiva que se forma a partir de verbos estativos. En este sentido, consideramos estativos los verbos que expresan estados kimianos (Maienborn 2005). Desarrollamos la propuesta de análisis desde la perspectiva neoconstruccionista que sostiene que la sintaxis interna del SV determina su estructura eventiva y la interpretación temática de sus argumentos, concebidos como roles eventivos que adquiere un argumento en función de su posición en la estructura. De acuerdo con estos supuestos, asumimos que el aspecto léxico se deriva configuracionalmente a partir de la estructura eventiva. La contribución más importante de esta tesis es que constituye una nueva perspectiva del análisis de las construcciones pasivas como patrones de lexicalización de la estructura eventiva en un modelo nanosintáctico como el de Ramchand (2008, 2018).
This dissertation aims at identifying and analysing different passive constructions in Catalan and providing a unified proposal to analyse passives cross-linguistically. In this respect, following Embick (2004), we identify three different passive constructions in Catalan: eventive, resultative and stative. However, we modify the definition of the so-called stative passive: it is the passive structure created from stative verbs. Specifically, we consider verbs that express Kimian states (Maienborn 2005) to be stative. We conduct our research from the neoconstructionist view that the internal syntax of the VP determines its formal event structure and the thematic interpretation of its arguments, conceived as entailments from event structure. Consequently, we assume that lexical aspect is configurationally derived from event structure. The key contribution of this dissertation is a new outlook on the formation of passive structures as lexicalisation patterns of event structure in a nanosyntactic model such as the one presented in Ramchand (2008, 2018).
Calindro, Ana Regina Vaz. "Introduzindo argumentos: uma proposta para as sentenças ditransitivas do português brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-01032016-154938/.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to discuss a diachronic change in the introduction of indirect arguments in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Since the 19th century, BP has initiated a reanalysis of the possible strategies to head indirect objects (IO) by generalizing the use of the full preposition para to instead of the preposition a in ditransitive sentences with verbs of movement, transfer and creation as dar give, enviar send and preparar prepare, respectively. Alongside with the substitution of the prepositions stated above, the morphological notation of the dative argument - represented by the third person clitic lhe(s) has also been replaced by other strategies, such as 3rd person pronouns preceded by para - para ele(s)/ ela(s) to him/ her/ them (cf. Gomes, 2003; Freire,2005; Torres Morais & Berlinck, 2006, 2007; Torres Morais & Salles 2010). Hence, in order to make a more thorough analysis of this historical change in BP, I analyzed a corpus of first pages from a Brazilian newspaper, Folha de São Paulo collected in the monograph 90 anos de história nas capas mais importantes da Folha (90 years of History through the most important cover pages of Folha), which spans the 20th century with 223 covers from 1920 to 2010. Hence, as BP cannot express the dative case anymore, nor via a functional preposition, nor by its morphologic counterpart (the dative clitic lhe), it has also lost the possibility of introducing dative elements in its argument structure by an applicative head. Thus, BP has shifted from a type of language which has evidence for Case, as EP, to one where Case is assigned via lexical prepositions. Consequently, I assume that the indirect arguments in BP are always headed by a lexical preposition and are introduced in the argument structure via a p head (cf. Svenonius 2003, 2004, 2007 and Wood 2012).
Armelin, Paula Roberta Gabbai. "Sentenças bitransitivas do português do Brasil revisitas à luz da teoria de núcleos funcionais aplicativos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-04052011-142215/.
Full textThis work revisits ditransitive sentences in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) guided by two fundamental aspects on the description and explanation of the ditransitivity in this language: (a) the possibility of the alternation between the prepositions a (to) and para (for) in the introduction of the indirect element and (b) the possibility of alternation in the order of the verbal predicate complements. In this sense, the data of a Brazilian dialect spoken at the Zona da Mata Mineira (PBM), attested and investigated in Scher (1996), emerge as a question. In this dialect it is possible to omit the preposition even if the possibility of verbal complements order alternation is maintained. The investigation of the first aspect is based in the theory of functional Applicative heads proposed by Pylkkänen (2002). This theoretical choice is justified by the fact that the a (to) preposition creates non ambiguous sentences in which a semantic relation of possession transference, represented by a Low Applicative (Pylkkänen, 2002), is established between the two complements of a ditransitive predicate. The presence of the para (for) preposition, creates ambiguous sentences between the possession transference relation and the establishment of an event beneficiary, this last one represented, in Pylkkänen (2002), by a High Applicative. This work proposes that the arguments of a ditransitive predicate is inserted by a functional projection that licenses both elements and performs the right semantic relation between then. For the PB, its proposed that the preposition is the head of such functional projection. Specifically for the PBM data, this work proposes that the very same functional projection is present, without the phonological realization of the preposition, but with the same morphosyntactic traces constitution. A morphological operation, without syntactic consequences, is responsible for the absence of this preposition The investigation of the possible alternation in the order of the complements in the PB and PBM ditransitive sentences is based on informational aspects. It is suggested, with Scher (1996), that de VPPNP order revels the Topic function of the element located between the verb and the direct object. The structre proposed to this word order is based in the cartographic model, specifically in Rizzi (1997) and Belletti (2002). These authors, exploding CP and the periphery of VP respectively, propose the existence of informational positions, like Focus and Topic. Our hypothesis, then, is that the movement of an element to the Topic specifier position is responsible for the grammaticality of the order VPPNP in BP data.
Grenat, Mohamed Hasan. "Argument structure and the Arabic Masdar." Thesis, University of Essex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309770.
Full textTaoka, Chiaki. "Aspect and argument structure in Japan." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533262.
Full textKolokonte, Marina. "Bare argument ellipsis and information structure." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3141.
Full textGao, Quian E. "Argument Structure, HPSG, and Chinese Grammar." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391590058.
Full textGao, Qian. "Argument structure, HPSG, and Chinese grammar /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488204276532252.
Full textLüpke, Friederike. "A grammar of Jalonke argument structure /." Nijmegen : Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 2005. http://webdoc.ubn.ru.nl/mono/l/luepke_f/gramofjaa.pdf.
Full textEscalante, Fernando. "Voice and argument structure in Yaqui." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185073.
Full textTitov, E. "Information structure of argument order alternations." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1370567/.
Full textSabbagh, Joseph. "Non-verbal argument structure : evidence from Tagalog." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33712.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 211-220).
This dissertation examines the syntax and argument structure of non-verbal predicates (focusing primarily on adjectives) in Tagalog. Drawing on evidence from a variety of construction types (including Comparative, Existential, and Ellipsis constructions among others), I argue against the claim that adjectives differ from verbs in their ability to project an internal theme argument (Pesetsky 1982; Borer 1984, 1991; Levin and Rappaport 1986; Baker 2003; among others). More generally, I argue that evidence about the argument structure of non-verbal predicates offers a more general argument against strong decompositional views of argument in which both external and internal arguments are 'severed' from the predicate.
by Joseph A. Sabbagh.
Ph.D.
Hoffman, Mika Christine. "The syntax of argument-structure-changing morphology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13519.
Full textLau, Lai Lai Cubie. "The argument structure of fund-raising texts." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2001. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/385.
Full textWilliams, Adina. "Representing Relationality| MEG Studies on Argument Structure." Thesis, New York University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10750823.
Full textOne of the quintessential properties of the human semantic system is its ability to flexibly combine the meanings of smaller pieces into larger wholes. However, not all smaller conceptual pieces are created equal; concepts differ in the extent to which they can drive meaning composition. Some concepts can drive semantic composition by establishing relationships with other concepts, while others cannot. For example, we know the concept labelled by “friend” can drive composition, since one cannot be a friend without being someone’s friend, while an animal can be a cat without standing in a similar relationship. We can thus divide the conceptual space of humans into two sections: relational concepts labelled by words like “friend”, and non-relational concepts like the one labelled by “cat”.
Evidence in favor of this division indicates that in early childhood humans are aware of the relationality of concepts (Smiley and Brown 1979; Mirman and Graziano 2012), and as we age, relational concepts remain extremely common in our lexicon, making up nearly half of the adult English vocabulary (Asmuth and Gentner, 2005; Gentner, 2005). Some relational words have been extensively studied by cognitive psychologists and formal linguists alike. One relatively mature set of investigations utilizes functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural basis of relational verb meaning, and finds that relational (i.e., transitive) verbs drive activity in left perisylvian cortical regions more than their intransitive counterparts (Meltzer-Asscher et al., 2015; Thompson et al., 2010, 2007; Bornkessel et al., 2005; Ben-Shachar et al., 2003). These investigations attribute this activity to verb-specific or event-specific information that is stored as part of the verb’s conceptual representation. Some support for this comes from Binder and Desai 2011 that holds that the left AG is a main semantic hub that specializes in event processing. However, formal linguistic investigations suggest that relationality should be independent of verbhood or eventivity; it is an independent abstract property of some lexical items which enables them to establish relationships and drive semantic composition. The neural basis of relationality and whether it can be independent of verbhood and eventivity is still relatively underexplored. As relationality straddles the boundary between syntax and semantics, disentangling the contributions of various linguistic features, such as syntactic category, eventivity, and plurality to left AG activity becomes a crucial exercise—one that a linguist is uniquely poised to address.
A main candidate region for relational processing is the left Angular Gyrus (lAG), because prior literature suggests it is sensitive to at least some of the features that a region that processes relationality would be sensitive to. In addition to being implicated in tasks that probe the argument structure of verbs, the left AG was found to be the most consistently activated region across numerous semantic tasks in a recent, large-scale meta-analysis (Binder and Desai, 2011), prompting it to be dubbed a domain-general ”semantic” hub (Bonner et al., 2013; Binder and Desai, 2011). Because of this, this dissertation reports the results of three MEG experiments and one computational experiment, and focuses on the left AG and surrounding perisylvian cortical regions, and uses Magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate its role in relational processing.
Chapter 2 asks whether left AG tracks relationality, the eventivity of verbs, or a word’s combinatorial context, and finds a main effect of relationality from 170–260 ms after the visual presentation of the target noun, and no other effects of the other factors, suggesting that it is indeed relationality and not eventivity (or context) that drives left AG argument structure findings.
Chapter 3 asks whether relationality effects could be driven by something other than the relationality of concepts, namely, by the quantity of concepts. In addition to being activated for numerous number-related tasks (see Dehaene et al. 2003 a.o., for a review), the left posterior perisylvian cortex has been found to be differentially active for plurals as opposed to for singulars (Domahs et al., 2012), suggesting that the lAG might track semantic information about plurality. Contrasting plural and singular nouns that vary in relationality, I replicate the relationality effect, and find no interaction with plurality, suggesting that, indeed, left posterior perisylvian relationality effects cannot be explained as a type of quantity processing.
Chapter 4 presents a filler experiment to the second experiment, which investigates the mass-count distinction and asks whether left AG activity is sensitive to countability and whether it interacts with plurality. I observed a main effect of countability (count nouns > mass nouns), in a broad swath of left hemisphere from 295–465 ms after noun presentation, and additionally observe a left frontal effect of plurality (bare nouns > plurals), paralleling what I found in Chapter 3. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)
Poudyal, Prakash. "Automatic extraction and structure of arguments in legal documents." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/24848.
Full textSilva, Ivan Rocha da. "A estrutura argumental da língua karitiana: desafios descritivos e teóricos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-12092012-120027/.
Full textThis masters thesis aims to describe the argument structure in Karitiana (Tupi branch, Arikém family, about 400 speakers) both in a theoretical and in a descriptive perspective. In this work, the challenge is to describe the verb classes identified in Karitiana in the formal theory of argument structure proposed by Hale and Keyser (2002). The work is divided in two parts. In Part I, the morphosyntax of the verb classes is described. In Part II, the verb patterns were analyzed in terms of their argument structure. Still in this part, a preliminary analysis of the structure of the impersonal passive is presented, inside the Generativist framework. All instransitive verbs may be affected by the synthetic causativization (transitivization) in which a causative morpheme allows the addition of an external argument (the subject) to an intransitive sentence, transitivizing it. By the use of the impersonal passive in Karitiana it is possible to turn a bi-argumental verb into a mono-argumental one, causing the demotion of the initial subject and the promotion of the initial object to subject of the passive. The passive morpheme is added only to a transitive verb or to an intransitive verb which has been first transitivized via . The copular construction in Karitiana presents a biclausal structure (Subject + copular verb + small clause) in which the copular verb selects a small clause as its complement. Copular verbs can only select complements headed by nouns, adjectives or intransitive verbs. If a transitive verb is added to the head of the small clause, the sentence is ungrammatical. However, if a transitive verb has undergone a passivization process via , that verb may be the head of the small clause. The ergative-absolutive agreement pattern is also used as evidence of valency in Karitiana. Based on this evidence, three verbal classes were described: a large class of intransitive verbs (with three subclasses, one of common intransitive verbs, another of intransitive verbs with oblique objects and experiencer subjects, and one of intransitive locatives), a class of transitive verbs, and a third class of ditransitive verbs. The latter presents a direct object with the semantic role GOAL, whereas the indirect object is a THEME, marked as oblique (with the postposition ty). These intransitive verbs with an oblique object are part of a special subclass of intransitives because they behave, in terms of morphosyntax and valency, as other intransitive verbs, but they also project in their structure an oblique complement; it seems to be the case that they are syntactically intransitive and semantically transitive. We conclude that all intransitive verbs in Karitiana have the behavior of unaccusative verbs that may alternate. In Hale and Keysers proposal, verbs are formed, in structural and hierachical terms, from two basic structures (monadic and dyadic) headed by the verbal heads (V1 and V2). Thus, the Karitiana verbs described as common intransitives are analyzed as dyadic because of their alternation properties. The intransitives with oblique objects and the locative intransitives were analyzed as composite dyadic with oblique complements (P-complements). The ditransitive verbs are analyzed as basic dyadic, and only the transitive verbs in Karitiana may be analyzed as projecting monadic argument structures.
Costa, Jéssica Clementino da. "A estrutura argumental da língua Dâw." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-30092014-175441/.
Full textThis thesis describes and analyzes the argument structure and verbal classes of the Dâw language (Nadahup family, Amazon). We studied the verbs of that language from the semantic and syntactic perspective, identifying classes and subclasses according to the morphosyntactic behavior of verbal roots. Furthermore, we evaluated the descriptive and explanatory hypotheses of verb classes identified by Martins (2004), the first researcher to address Dâw morphosyntax. Our theoretical framework is the theory of argument structure developed by Hale & Keyser (2002), which proposes an analysis of the syntax and semantics of lexical items by means of the argument structure the pattern of structural relations between the head and its arguments within syntactical structures projected by the head itself. Through various language tests, including verbal valency alternation and judgment of (a)grammaticality, we reclassified the nine verb classes identified by Martins (2004) into three classes according to the verbal valency: the classes of intransitive verbs, transitive verbs and bitransitive verbs. Martins (2004) states that, in the sentence, the verbs may change in tone due to the presence of a transitivizing or intransitivizing tonal morpheme. However, we show in this paper that the tonal system of the language is predictable at the sentence level. Thus, regardless of the valency-increasing process involved, we realized that the tonal change of verbs arises due to the phonological phrasing of sentences. Regarding the transitivization process, subclasses of intransitive verbs were identified: alternating and non-alternating verbs. The restrictions on alternation are due to the argument structure of each verb type. In the case of unaccusative or alternating intransitive verbs, we observed that they are formed from a composite dyadic structure, projecting an internal specifier and a complement, which allows them to switch between intransitive and transitive forms. In the case of non-alternating verbs we found three patterns: denominal and unergative verbs, based on a monadic argument structure (that does not project internal specifier) that prevents alternation; non-alternating unaccusative verbs based on a monadic structure that takes a basic dyadic structure as a complement verbs of this type do not alternate because they are not formed by a dyadic structure, but contain such a structure n e jectiv l ve bs, f me f m c p l ve b th t t kes n jective s complement. Since the root and verbal head have full (non-empty) phonological content, no conflation is possible between head and root, which prevents the formation of the verbal predicate. This structure explains the agrammaticality of these verbs with regard to the automatic transitivization process. We also tested the syntax and semantics of intransitivization (inchoative constructions, passive, reflexive and middle voices). In general, we found that there is no specific morphology for constructing middle, inchoative or anticausative sentences. There are no passives in Dâw; in place of this voice, the speakers form sentences that are inchoative or have a subspecified subject. Reflexive sentences are created using reflexive pronouns in the position of the object of the sentence. Finally, we found that direct objects of transitive sentences are marked by the {-uuy\'} morpheme analyzed by us as DOM. Its use is subject to semantic constraints of definiteness and animacy
Silva, Ivan Rocha da. "Não-finitude em Karitiana: subordinação versus nominalização." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-25102016-122036/.
Full textThe main aim of this dissertation is to analyze non-finite clauses in Karitiana. Karitiana is an endangered Amerindian language spoken today by approximately 400 people who live in a reservation located 59 miles south of the urban area of Porto Velho, the capital of the state of Rondônia, Brazil (Amazonian region). The language is the unique representative of the Arikém branch, one of the ten linguistic groupings identified inside the Tupian family. The current research investigates differences among embedded clauses that function as adverbial, relative, and complement clauses in Karitiana, as well as nominalization and infinitival embedding marked respectively by the suffixes and . Even though subordinate clauses in Karitiana do not display any finite morphology of agreement, tense, or mood, it is true that the language shows many other functional heads such as morphemes of causativization, passivization, and object focus construction, as well as aspectual nuclei, and word order variation (SOV, OSV), suggesting that they are clauses and not nominalizations (Storto 1999; Vivanco 2014). Furthemore, we show that Karitiana embedded clauses can be modified by adverbs, negation and evidentials that are associated with clauses or verbal phrases. The literature on non-finite clauses in Amerindian languages shows that many specialists in these languages have claimed that these clauses are nominalized based on two arguments: (1) lack of finite traits and (2) the fact that some of these languages display case-marking. The argument that the presence of case-marking in subordination characterizes them as nominalizations seems to be unconvincing because finite subordinate clauses in several languages can be used as verbal complement and can be marked with case. In our analysis, the lack of finite features also does not necessarily mean that these clauses are nominalizations, since Karitiana subordinate clauses exhibit other properties of active clauses such as functional heads: voice, aspect, adverbs, negation, and evidentials. Typologically, these functional heads are associated with clauses and, internally to the language, they are also correlated with clauses and verbal phrases, functioning either in matrix clauses or in subordinate clauses.
Bassani, Indaiá de Santana. "Formação e interpretação dos verbos denominais do português do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-23112009-144713/.
Full textFrom an etymologycal point of view, the Denominal Verb is the one that derives historically from a nominal base. Dictionaries consider a verb as denominal when its cognate nominal form is older than the verbal one in language records. Thus, there are two ways of treating what is called denominal verb, regarding the relation between the noun and the verb: from a synchronic or from a dyachronic perspective. Since the description of this class is rather misleading, it is necessary to make a distinction between etymological and synchronic criteria in the definition of what a denominal verb is. For these reasons, the aim of this work is i) to find out synchronic and formal criteria to know which denominal verbs, from a diachronic point of view, can also be considered as such under a synchronic analysis of word formation and ii) in which cases can real reasons be found for the abandonment of the label denominal. We started from a sample of 4.548 etymologically denominal verbs in Portuguese, collected from Dicionário Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa, and, due to a frequency criteria, we reduced it to 95 verbs that constitute, in fact, the object of this study. We submmited all the verbs to structural tests of sentence formation suggested by Kyparsky (1987), Hale & Keyser (2002) and Arad (2003), namely: Inchoative- Causative Alternation (Test 1); Middle Alternation (Test 2); Presence of Periphrastic Expression (Test 3); Presence of Cognate Object (Test 4); Presence of Cognate Adjunct (Test 5); Presence of Hiponimous and Hiperonimous Adjunction (Test 6).The sentences were submitted to the judgement of 40 native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. The results pointed to heterogeneity in the behaviour of the general class of denominal verbs. To sum up, there is a group of verbs to which the tests indicated a nominal stage in the derivation of the verb (grammaticality for tests 3 (4), 5 and 6) and another group of verbs to which the tests did not indicate the presence of that nominal stage (agrammaticality for tests 3, 5 and 6). There are verbs that do and do not participate in alternations (gramaticality and agramaticality for tests 1 and 2) and, finally, there is a group of verbs for which one meaning indicates a nominal stage and the other meaning indicates the absence of such a nominal stage. After observing some analysis under lexicalist theories based on word formation rules (Basílio, 1993) or under lexico-syntactic approaches such as Hale & Keyser (2002), we could offer an analysis under which it is possible to distinguish the so-called denominal verbs in two classes: i) those represented by structures that include a nominal stage in the derivation (denominals), ii) those represented by structures in which the verb is derived directly from roots. This analysis is based on the Distributed Morphology model (Halle & Marantz, 1993; Harley & Noyer, 1999), more specifically, on Arad (2003), Marantz (2008) and Harley (2005). Our first step was to separate the two big groups: the first containing verbs that are derived from the categorization of a root () by a noun (n) and, then, by a verb (v) (synchronic denominal structures), and the second group containing verbs that are derived from the direct categorization of a root () by a verb (v) (non-denominal structures). In the first group, the denominal one, we observed that the sentences containing such verbs presented different syntactic behaviors and we suggested different kinds of structures: alternating, non-alternating and location/locatum. In sequence, we discussed some verbs that led us to suggest that they can be formed either as denominal verbs or as root-derived ones. We could then represent the structure of different types of so-called denominal verbs regarding their syntactic behavior and the relation they establish with the noun formed by the same root. Finally, the major theoretic contribution of this work is that we improved in clarifying the difference between a synchronic and a dyachronic word formation process, showing that the historical explanation is not always the single possibility.
Assimakopoulos, Stavros. "Logical structure and relevance : on the context dependence of argument structure." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24742.
Full textMead, Jonathan Tufts. "Argument structure and the interpretation of deverbal compounds." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64082.
Full textNoble, Claire. "Early comprehension of argument structure and semantic roles." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526846.
Full textKlein, Udo Michael. "Encoding of argument structure in Romanian and Siswati." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498072.
Full textRamchand, Gillian. "Aspect and predication : the semantics of argument structure /." Oxford : New York : Clarendon press ; Oxford university press, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37510857k.
Full textSethuraman, Nitya. "The acquisition of verbs and argument structure constructions /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3049671.
Full textGoksel, Ash. "Levels of representation and argument structure in Turkish." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1993. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28667/.
Full textGil, Vallejo Lara. "Exploiting verb similarity for event modelling." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668907.
Full textEste trabajo se enmarca dentro del ámbito del procesamiento del lenguaje natural. Su objetivo es explorar el potencial de la similitud verbal y, más concretamente, de las clasificaciones verbales, a la hora de capturar y modelizar la información básica relacionada con la expresión de acontecimientos en español. La tesis se articula en torno a dos estudios que examinan la capacidad de la similitud verbal para modelizar la información relativa a los participantes en acontecimientos. En primer lugar, elaboramos un análisis de la similitud verbal con relación a la estructura argumental. Para ello tomamos tres perspectivas que tratan este tema: la lingüística teórica, lingüística de corpus y la psicolingüística, y analizamos de qué modo cada una de ellas define la similitud entre los verbos. Este análisis nos sirve para definir un conjunto de características lingüísticas y configuraciones que se aplican en el segundo estudio. Este estudio consiste en la creación de una clasificación automática de sentidos verbales usando un algoritmo de agrupamiento (clustering). El objetivo de esta clasificación es capturar la estructura argumental de los verbos y reflejarla en las clases, de tal manera que permita modelizar a los participantes en los acontecimientos expresados por los verbos. Los hallazgos nos permiten afirmar que la clasificación verbal organiza la información de manera que es capaz de acomodar diferentes aspectos de la estructura argumental.
This paper aims to explore the potential of verb similarity, and more specifically of verb classifications, when it comes to capturing and modelling basic information related to events expressed in Spanish. The research is based on two studies that examine verb similarity's ability to model event participant information. We first perform a study of verb similarity with respect to argument structure, looking at its relevant characteristics through the lens of three different perspectives: linguistic theory, corpus linguistics and psycholinguistics. Based on this analysis, we choose the features and configurations to be explored in order to create an automatic classification of verb senses using a clustering algorithm. The aim of this automatic classification is to capture the argument structure of the verbs and apply it to the classifications in a way that allows us to adequately model the participants in the events expressed by those verbs. The evaluations carried out for this verb classification confirm automatic classifications' ability to capture and infer relevant information related to participants in events.
Mateu, Fontanals Jaume. "Argument structure: relational construal at the syntax-semantics interface." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4828.
Full textAl capítol primer s'hi proposa la hipòtesi teòrica principal segons la qual hi ha un homomorfisme important entre la sintaxi i la semàntica relacionals de l'estructura argumental. Demostro que a aquesta hipòtesi se li pot donar una base teòrica si i només si es fa la distinció langackeriana següent: el significat és una funció del contingut conceptual i de la construalitat semàntica. En introduir aquesta distinció en el paradigma generativista, argumento que només la construalitat semàntica es codifica de manera transparent a la sintaxi. Poso també especial èmfasi a fer veure que la meva aproximació a l'estudi de l'estructura argumental participa tant de la teoria sintàctica de Hale i Keyser (1998, 1999a) com de la teoria semàntica de Mateu (1999).
Al capítol segon s'hi analitzen les propietats relacionals de la sintaxi i la semàntica dels verbs inacusatius i inergatius. Exemplifico la meva anàlisi de la 'inacusativitat' amb l'estudi de dos casos diferents: en primer lloc, faig una explicació formal dels aspectes semàntics relacionals que determinen la selecció d'auxiliar en llengües com l'italià i el francès; en segon lloc, defenso que l'anàlisi de la construcció progressiva implica una estructura inacusativa locativa que domina l'estructura argumental que està lèxicament associada al predicat verbal.
Al capítol tercer s'hi estudien les propietats relacionals de la sintaxi i la semàntica de l'anomenada 'elasticitat del significat verbal' (Rappaport Hovav i Levin 1998). Es demostra que la variació lingüística que afecta aquest fenomen està relacionada amb la distinció tipològica de Talmy (1985, 1991, 2000) entre llengües d'emmarcament en el satèl·lit com l'anglès, l'alemany o el neerlandès, i llengües d'emmarcament en el verb com el català, l'espanyol o el francès. S'hi analitzen de manera detallada la sintaxi i la semàntica relacionals de dues construccions que són típiques de les llengües d'emmarcament en el satèl·lit: les construccions de moviment que inclouen un verb de manera de moviment i un trajecte fitat, i les construccions resultatives complexes. Poso especial èmfasi a demostrar per què en català no existeixen aquestes construccions. Faig veure també per què en català no existeixen determinats verbs denominals complexos ni certs casos d'alternances locatives, que són més aviat típics de llengües germàniques com l'alemany o el neerlandès.
Al capítol quart s'hi estudia l'anomenada 'restricció d'objecte directe' en les construccions resultatives de l'anglès. Tot i que s'ha posat en dubte aquesta restricció (e.g., vegeu Rappaport Hovav i Levin 2001), faig veure les raons per les quals cal recuperar la validesa d'aquesta restricció. En aquest capítol s'hi analitza també la sintaxi i la semàntica relacionals d'una construcció idiomàtica de l'anglès que té un correlat molt directe amb les construccions resultatives: i.e., la "way-construction". Demostro també per què aquesta construcció no transgredeix la 'restricció d'objecte directe', tot i que ho pugui semblar a primer cop d'ull.
Al capítol cinquè s'hi fa un resum força extens de les tesis més rellevants que un hom pot extreure d'aquest treball. Aquestes tesis les exemplifico a partir de l'anàlisi de la sintaxi i la semàntica relacionals d'un dels meus casos d'estudi preferits: el verb climb. Cal advertir que aquest capítol està pensat per a aquell lector (cada vegada més freqüent!) que vol saber amb un cert detall de què tracta la tesi, però que no té temps per a llegir-se-la tota.
This thesis deals with the relational syntax and semantics of argument structure. Special attention is paid to the relation between argument structure and lexical decomposition: a minimal decomposition of lexical items like to saddle or to break is argued to be necessary in order to elucidate their complex relational structures.
In chapter 1 I put forward the hypothesis that there is a strong homomorphism between the relational syntax and semantics of argument structure. This hypothesis is shown to gain theoretical support iff a fundamental distinction is drawn: meaning is a function of both non-syntactically transparent conceptual content and syntactically transparent semantic construal. Accordingly, a syntactically transparent approach to semantic composition is adopted in the present framework, which partakes in both Hale & Keyser's (1998, 1999a) syntactic theory of the basic argument structure types and Mateu's (1999) semantic theory of argument structure, which assumes that certain meanings are associated to certain structures.
In chapter 2 I analyze the relational syntax and semantics of unaccusative and unergative verbs. The present analysis of unaccusativity is exemplified with two different case studies: Firstly, I provide a formal account of the relational semantic determinants of 'aux-selection' in languages like Italian and French. Secondly, I argue that the progressive construction can be analyzed as involving a locative unaccusative structure over that argument structure lexically associated to the verbal predicate.
In chapter 3 I put forward a relational syntactic and semantic account of the crosslinguistic variation involved in the so-called 'elasticity of verb meaning' (Rappaport Hovav & Levin 1998). Such a variation is argued to be related to Talmy's (1985, 1991, 2000) typological distinction between 'satellite-framed languages' and 'verb-framed languages'. In particular, I analyze two constructions that are typical of satellite-framed languages like English, Dutch or German: complex telic path of motion constructions and complex resultative constructions. I also show why these constructions are impossible in verb-framed languages like Catalan or Spanish. Moreover, I provide an explanation of why certain classes of complex denominal verbs and some cases of locative alternation are more productive in satellite-framed languages rather than in verb-framed ones.
In chapter 4 I argue my way to the conclusion that the so-called 'Direct Object Restriction' (DOR) on resultative constructions, which has been recently called into question by Rappaport Hovav & Levin (2001), must be regained. In this chapter I also put forward a relational syntactic and semantic analysis of the so-called way-construction, showing that, despite appearances, such an idiomatic construction does not violate the DOR either.
Chapter 5 provides an extensive recapitulation of some relevant theses worth being drawn from the present work. I exemplify them by providing a relational syntactic and semantic analysis of one of my favorite case studies: i.e., the verb climb.
CAVEAT: Chapter 5 is mainly intended for that reader who does not want to spend time reading a 300-pages work on lexical decomposition issues, but nonetheless wants a very detailed summary of it.
Theakston, Anna L. "Investigation into the early acquisition of verb-argument structure." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488203.
Full textPerek, Florent. "Verbs, Constructions, Alternations : Usage-based perspectives on argument realization." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30036.
Full textThe general goal of this thesis is to investigate to what extent the grammar of verbs, also called argument realization, can be based on linguistic usage. The usage-based approach is a recent paradigm shift in linguistics which takes the view that grammar is a dynamic inventory of symbolic conventions that emerges through, and is likewise shaped by, actual language use. Adopting a constructional approach to argument structure and on the basis of English data, we address the question of the usage basis of argument realization at three levels of organization.At the level of verbs, we compare experimental results to usage data, and find that more frequent valency patterns of a verb are processed more easily. These findings provide evidence for the usage basis of valency. At the level of constructions, we show that, in the case of the conative construction, it is possible to formulate constructional generalizations on the basis of verbal meaning at the level of semantically defined verb classes, but not so easily at the most abstract level. We take this as further evidence of the importance of lower-level schemas over broad generalizations. At the level of alternations, we present usage-based evidence that productivity can be based on alternation relations. We report that the dative alternation displays a productivity asymmetry, and we show that these differences can be explained by corresponding asymmetries in type frequencies
Melchin, Paul. "The Semantic Basis for Selectional Restrictions." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38831.
Full textMcCann, Clare. "Verb production in fluent aphasia : an analysis of argument structure and event structure." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414617.
Full textBelkacem, Nadia. "Les Verbes en Tamazight: structure argumentale et sémantique." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672718.
Full textEl nostre tema de recerca es centra en l'estructura argumental i semàntica dels verbs en tamazight. En la classificació llingüística de les llengües, tamazight constitueix una branca pròpia en la família afro-asiàtica. Aquesta llengua, que ocupa un vast espai geogràfic al nord d’Àfrica anomenat Tamazgha, es compon de diverses variants, inclosa la del centre-nord (Algèria). És en aquesta variant que hem centrat la nostra investigación que ha produit els següents resultats: 1. Anàlisi sintactico-semàntica de certes classes de verbs en tamazight incloent, entre d'altres, la diàtesi, les alternances de l'estructura argumental i els morfemes de derivació verbal; 2. descripció de l’estructura argumental de 150 verbs en tamazight, corresponents a 300 formes verbals, 700 significats i 850 estructures, acompanyades de les expressions congelades i semicongelades associades a cada verb; 3. construcció d'una base de dades estructurada adequadament que conté tota la informació sobre l'estructura argumental dels 150 verbs analitzats i que presenta una interfície de cerca complexa. És una eina que els lexicògrafs de tamazight utilitzarien per a millorar i enriquir les entrades verbals dels diccionaris, que actualment amb prou feines inclouen informació sobre l’estructura argumental dels verbs. Aquestes noves dades lingüístiques proporcionades sobre les estructures i expressions verbals d’aquesta llengua s’utilitzaran, entre altres coses, per a la lexicografia, el seu processament automàtic i l’ensenyament. En general, constitueixen un aprofundiment del coneixement d’aquest idioma.
Our research topic focuses on the argument structure and semantics of verbs in Tamazight. In the linguistic classification of languages, Tamazight constitutes a separate branch of the Afro-Asian family. This language present in a vast geographical area in North Africa called Tamazgha, is composed of several varieties including Northern-Central Tamazight (Algeria). It is on this variety that we have concentrated our research which has produced the following results: 1. Syntactico-semantic analysis of certain classes of verbs in Tamazight, including, among others, diathesis, alternations of argument structure and morphemes of verbal derivation; 2. description of the argument structure of some 150 verbs in Tamazight, corresponding to 300 verbal forms, 700 meanings and 850 structures, accompanied by the fixed and semi-fixed expressions associated with each verb; 3. construction of a suitably structured database which contains all the information on the argument structure of the 150 verbs analyzed and which presents a rich web-based search interface. It is a tool that would be used by Tamazight lexicographers to improve and enrich verb entries in dictionaries, which currently hardly include information on the argument structure of verbs. This new linguistic data on verbal structures and expressions of this language will be used, among other things, for its lexicography, its automatic processing and teaching. In general, it will increase the knowledge on this language.
Nuestro tema de investigación se centra en la estructura argumental y la semántica de los verbos en tamazight, un tema poco estudiado antes. En la clasificación lingüística de idiomas, el tamazight se clasifica como una rama separada de la familia afroasiática. Esta lengua, que ocupa un vasto espacio geográfico en el norte de África llamado Tamazgha, se compone de varias variantes, incluida la del centro-norte (Argelia). Es en esta variante que hemos centrado nuestra investigación que ha producido los siguientes resultados: 1. Análisis Análisis sintáctico-semántica de ciertas clases de verbos en tamazight incluyendo, entre otros, la diátesis, las alternancias de la estructura argumental y los morfemas de derivación verbal; 2. descripción de la estructura argumental de 150 verbos en tamazight, correspondientes a 300 formas verbales, 700 significados y 850 estructuras, acompañadas de las expresiones fijas y semi-fijas asociadas a cada verbo; 3. Construcción de una base de datos adecuadamente estructurada que contenga toda la información sobre la estructura argumental de los 150 verbos analizados y que presente una rica interfaz de búsqueda. Es una herramienta que utilizarían los lexicógrafos de tamazight para mejorar y enriquecer las entradas verbales de los diccionarios, que actualmente apenas incluyen información sobre la estructura argumental de los verbos. Estos nuevos datos lingüísticos aportados sobre las estructuras y expresiones verbales de esta lengua serán utilizados, entre otras cosas, para su lexicografía, su procesamiento automático y su enseñanza. En general, constituyen una profundización del conocimiento de este idioma.
de, Valdivia Pujol Glòria. "Russian Deverbal Nouns: Lexical Denotation, Argument Structure & Translation Mismatches." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285528.
Full textAquesta tesi presenta un estudi descriptiu empíric sobre les nominalitzacions deverbals del rus. Molt sovint, allò que es pot expressar a través d’un nom deverbal es pot expressar també a través d’una construcció verbal. Els noms deverbals són categories mixtes que barregen trets verbals amb trets nominals. Aquests noms poden expressar l’acció denotada pel verb base, en aquest cas es poden considerar paràfrasis d’una construcció verbal, o bé el resultat de l’acció. Així doncs, els noms deverbals que denoten l’acció del verb estan més a prop del verb, mentre que els noms deverbals que denoten el resultat de l’acció, és a dir, una entitat concreta o abstracta, estan més a prop del nom. Partim de la hipòtesi que ambdós tipus de nom hereten l’estructura argumental del verb base. Aquestes dues anàlisis, és a dir, l’estudi de la denotació lèxica del nom deverbal i de l’estructura argumental dels noms deverbals són dos dels tres objectius principals de la tesi. El tercer objectiu és l’estudi descriptiu i comparatiu dels desajustos de traducció entre les construccions amb noms deverbals en rus i castellà. La tesi s’estructura de la manera següent: En el primer capítol, presentem una breu introducció a la tesi on descrivim els objectius i les motivacions principals d’aquest estudi. En el segon capítol, es descriuen els recursos lingüístics que hem utilitzat en el transcurs del treball. Primer, introduïm els corpora monolingües i bilingües i, finalment, els lexicons. En el tercer capítol, analitzem la relació entre l’aspecte morfològic i lèxic del verb base. També estudiem altres factors que poden influir en la denotació lèxica del nom deverbal. En el quart capítol, presentem l’estudi de l’estructura argumental dels noms deverbals centrant-nos en el tipus de constituent que pot ser argumental, com es realitzen els arguments i les seves possibles combinacions. D’aquesta anàlisi, en resulta l’obtenció dels patrons sintàctico-semàntics dels noms deverbals més freqüents. En el cinquè capítol, presentem l’estudi descriptiu i comparatiu dels desajustos de traducció entre el rus i el castellà. En aquest capítol proposem una classificació de desajustos de traducció en funció de la interrelació i el nombre de canvis lingüístics (morfològics, sintàctics, semàntics i pragmàtics). Finalment, en el darrer capítol presentem les nostres conclusions i idees per a una futura recerca.
Ebbels, Susan Helen. "Argument structure in Specific Language Impairment : from theory to therapy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444649/.
Full textJong, Jan de. "Specific language impairment in Dutch : inflectional morphology and argument structure /." Groningen, Netherlands : [Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen], 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008846575&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textNoh, Bokyung. "English secondary prediction : the interface between focus and argument structure /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Full textHughson, Stuart Ian. "Pitching an argument : intonation, information, and inference in syllogistic discourse." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1907.
Full textMinussi, Rafael Dias. "Os sabores do nome: um estudo sobre a seleção de argumentos e as nominalizações do hebraico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-10122012-104650/.
Full textThe main goal of this work is to argue that information over argument structure of nominalizations is coded in functional heads, which can have distinct flavors, that is, distinct properties, such as causativity, eventivity, reflexivity, etc., instead of that information being coded in the abstract roots, as assumed by Marantz (1997), Embick (2004), Harley (2008), among others. The specific object of this work, on the other hand, is to analyze how a certain group of patterns that generates action nouns in Hebrew is formed, and to show that not all nominalizations are formed by a verbal layer, contra Hazout (1995) and Shlonsky (2004). We use, in this work, the theoretical framework of Distributed Morphology (cf. HALLE; MARANTZ, 1993; MARANTZ, 1997; SIDDIQI, 2009), a non-lexicalist theory which claims that both words and sentences are formed by the same operations, within the syntactic derivation. In a special way, we use the notion of phases within words (cf. MARANTZ, 2001 e ARAD, 2003) in order to explain that some nouns possess vocal patterns that are not atomic (contra ARAD, 2005), but are formed in two separate phases: a verbal one, and a nominal one, while other nouns are formed only by the nominal phase. In our analysis, we privilege four noun formation vocal patterns: CCiCa, CiCuC, haCCaCa, hitCCaCut, each one of them bearing a distinct set of restrictions. Such restrictions concern: (i) modification by adjectives and adverbs; (ii) possibility of raising within DPs; (iii) mandatory interpretation of an agentive argument and (iv) mandatory reflexive interpretation. Furthermore, we analyzed the possible syntactic contexts in which these nouns are found, that is, we analyzed which are the possibilities of interaction between these nouns and the Construct State, the Free State, the Differential Object Marker et a the presence of a by phrase. As a result of the analysis, we defend that the pattern CCiCa is formed by only a nominal phase, which explains its impossibility of being modified by genuine adverbs, that is, adverbs that possess adverbial morphology. On the other hand, the pattern CiCuC is formed by two phases: a verbal phase, which accounts for the modification by genuine adverbs; and a nominal phase, which allows for the modification by adjectives. The pattern haCCaCa, in its turn, was analyzes as formed by a nominal phase alone, both because its morphology, which does not present traces of verbal morphology, as for its obligatory agentive semantics, which differentiates it from the verbal pattern to which it is related to. Last, we considered that the pattern hitCCaCut is formed by two phases, which is compatible to the presence of verbal morphology, that composes the pattern, and to the type of argument that is licensed by it.
Jung, Hyun Kyoung. "On the Syntax of Applicative and Causative Constructions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/321581.
Full textNasika, Fani. "Verb Argument Structure Effects on Tense : Evidence form Aphasia in Greek." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519872.
Full textCrammond, Joanna G. "An analysis of argument structure in expert and student persuasive writing /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37709.
Full textResults of the structural analyses indicated that (a) argument was the predominant organizational structure for expert and student writers, (b) over 80% of students produced elaborated arguments involving some form of opposition, (c) experts produced more arguments and more complex arguments than students, and (d) expert texts contained relatively higher frequencies for warrants, countered rebuttals, and modals, and student use of these argument substructures increased with grade level. The general semantic and linguistic analyses revealed the following patterns particular to experts: (a) the use of identification types of claims, (b) an increased use of modals and decreased use of opinions as marks of argumentation, and (c) an infrequent use of causal conjunctions to mark data structures. Results of a forward stepwise regression analysis revealed that argument structure complexity accounted for 40% of the variance associated with quality ratings assigned to students' texts. Two other variables were significant predictors: number of supporting structures and number of opposing structures.
The results were interpreted from a rhetorical perspective: the developmental and expertise-related patterns of performance associated with the use of particular argument substructures, and the representation of these substructures were seen as reflecting an awareness of and ability to manipulate one's audience---skills that are necessary to achieve the goals of persuasive discourse.