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1
Girī, Gitu. Art and architecture: Remains in the Western Terai Region of Nepal. Delhi: Adroit Publishers, 2003.
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2
Stanton, John E. Painting the country: Contemporary Aboriginal art from the Kimberley region, Western Australia. Nedlands, W.A: University of Western Australia Press, 1989.
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3
Sanchez Velasco, Jeronimo. The Christianization of Western Baetica. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089649324.
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The province of Baetica, in present-day Spain, was one of the most important areas in the Roman Empire in terms of politics, economics, and culture. And in the late medieval period, it was the centre of a rich and powerful state, the Umayyad Caliphate. But the historical sources on the intervening years are limited, and we lack an accurate understanding of the evolution of the region. In recent years, however, archaeological research has begun to fill the gaps, and this book-built on more than a decade of fieldwork-provides an unprecedented overview of urban and rural development in the period.
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Pereyaslovec, Vladimir, and Lev Erdakov. Dynamics of the number of wolves and large ungulates in some regions of Western Siberia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1984075.
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In the monograph, based on the authors' long—term observations in the Yugansky Nature Reserve (KhMAO — Yugra), as well as open literature data, the dynamics of the number of large ungulates living together: forest reindeer, elk, and also the wolf predator associated with them are analyzed. The authors used traditional statistical and dynamic methods of analysis, as well as some ecological indices: compensation coefficient and habitat fidelity indices. Landscape features of the long—term course of abundance and its cycles in deer and wolf, synchronization of dynamics in the predator-prey system, separation of populations over time are described. Variants of the forecast of the abundance of these species in various habitats and large regions are shown.
It is intended for biologists, students of biological faculties of universities, employees of nature reserves, national parks and hunting.
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Mishenin, Sergey. Saving transportation resources: the experience of railway workers in Western Siberia 1965-1991. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1082937.
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The monograph is devoted to the generalization of the factors of railway transportation in Western Siberia and their influence on the formation of the experience of saving transportation resources in 1965-1991. The basic factors are considered such as the natural conditions and the production apparatus of the region, the development of a program-oriented approach to the development of the territory and the formation of the material base of railway transport in its space. These components are considered as historical challenges for the design of labor initiatives "from below". These initiatives are classified into three groups: speeding up the turnover of wagons, using the locomotive fleet, and saving fuel, energy, and other" variable " resources of the railway transportation process. The issues are considered taking into account the trends of fading opportunities for the Soviet model of system-wide development. It will be of interest to all those who are concerned about the history of Russia, the organization of its transport security system.
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Hodakov, Viktor. Natural environment and human activity. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1194879.
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The monograph describes the influence of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions on human life and socio-economic systems, which are considered as regions, territories of Eastern Europe. The natural and climatic factors (PCFs) characterizing the natural environment of Eastern Europe (Russia and Ukraine) and Western (England and France) are considered. Eastern Europe is in the zone of negative PCFs, close to critical.
The influence of the PCF on the vital activity of the state and man is systematically described: mentality, systemic thinking, human health, ensuring the safety of life, sustainability of development, agricultural production, housing and communal services, construction, industry, information security, parrying of the PCF, the influence of the PCF on the development of science and education. Climate change trends at the global and regional levels are also described.
Estimates of the impact of the PCF on the economy of the state and regions, recommendations on the adaptation of the economy to the PCF, the relationship of information security and information about the PCF, information technologies for assessing the sustainability of development and investment attractiveness of territories, conceptual foundations of state anti-crisis management of socio-economic systems are presented.
It is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the field of life safety, computer ecological and economic monitoring. It can be used to educate society in the field of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions.
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Davis, Donald R., and Matthew J. Medeiros. A Revision of the Family Adelidae of the Western Hemisphere (Lepidoptera: Adeloidea). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.23817864.
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The systematics, morphology, and distributions are reviewed for the New World Adelidae. Four genera (Ceromitia, 51 species; Nemophora, 1 species; Adela, 19 species; Cauchas, 16 species) are currently recognized for North, Central, and South America. Keys to all New World genera and species are provided, as are diagnoses, illustrations, and distributional data. The following species are described as new: Adela atrata, Adela austrina, Adela powelli, Adela stenoptera, Adela striata, Cauchas alaskae, Cauchas clarkei, Cauchas elongata, Cauchas excavata, Cauchas lobata, Cauchas recurvata, Cauchas spinulosa, Cauchas suffusa, Cauchas trifascia, Cauchas vittata, Cauchas wielgusi, Ceromitia aphyoda, Ceromitia barilochensis, Ceromitia beckeri, Ceromitia bicornuta, Ceromitia braziliensis, Ceromitia brevipectinella, Ceromitia capitanea, Ceromitia cerastia, Ceromitia concava, Ceromitia convexa, Ceromitia costaricaensis, Ceromitia elongata, Ceromitia exserta, Ceromitia fasciata, Ceromitia flagellata, Ceromitia furcata, Ceromitia fuscata, Ceromitia inaequalis, Ceromitia karsholti, Ceromitia latapicula, Ceromitia laticlavia, Ceromitia latibasis, Ceromitia latijuxta, Ceromitia lobata, Ceromitia nielseni, Ceromitia nigrifasciata, Ceromitia ovata, Ceromitia pachyphalla, Ceromitia pallidofascia, Ceromitia paraguayensis, Ceromitia parvipectena, Ceromitia petila, Ceromitia sinuata, Ceromitia truncata, Ceromitia unicornuta, and Ceromitia unipectinella. The known world fauna of the monotrysian family Adelidae previously consisted of approximately five genera and 294 species (Nieukerken et al. 2011), occurring in all major geographical regions except Antarctica and New Zealand. Prior to this study, four of these genera, Adela (14 species), Cauchas (5 species), Ceromitia (15 species), and Nemophora (1 species), were known to occur in North and South America, totaling slightly less than 12% of the global diversity of the family. In this study, we are reporting 52 new species, most of which are (36 species) within the large pantropical genus Ceromitia. Additionally, we present gene trees for Adela, Cauchas, Ceromitia, and Nemophora and discuss their phylogenetic relationships.
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Boichenko, Sergii, Olufemi Olaulava Babatunde, Petro Topіl'nic'kii, and Vіktorіya Romanchuk. Physical and chemical properties of Nigerian oils and prospective technological scheme of their proccesing. Київ, Україна: Національний технічний університет України «Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського», 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/978-966-919-783-2.
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The current state of the oil refining industry in Nigeria, its problems and prospects are considered.The presented results of studies of the physicochemical properties of Nigerian oils, as well as gasoline,diesel fractions, jet fuel and fuel oil fractions obtained from them are compared with those obtained for oils from the eastern and western regions of Ukraine. Processing methods of fuel oils from Nigerian oils are presented with the aim of bitumen and base oils production. A promising technologicalscheme for the processing of Nigerian oils is proposed.
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Volodina, Larisa. Family harmony, or the values of family education in Russia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1817281.
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The leading idea of the monograph is the idea of the unity of national priorities in the field of values of family education on the territory of the Russian Federation and the place of the region in its formation. Russian Russian peasant family values formation process in the second half of the XIX — early XX century is presented: in its historical and cultural context in the aspect of correlation with the stages of development of the Russian state; in its historical and pedagogical context in the aspect of correlation with the value priorities
of education in the Russian peasant family, which determined the essence and content of the family way.
The grounds for the representation of the North-Western region of Russia as significant in the formation of values of family education are revealed. The social conditionality of the process of development of traditional values of upbringing in the Russian peasant family is shown, provided by the coordinated actions of social institutions significant in a certain historical period: the state, pedagogical science, the socio-pedagogical movement, religion, the peasant community. The mechanisms
of their translation of the values of upbringing in the Russian peasant family are revealed.
It is addressed to a wide range of readers interested in the history of their region. It can be used in the implementation of basic educational programs of primary, basic, secondary general (vocational) education as the basis of educational work within the framework of educational, extracurricular activities of students; studying courses on the theory of education in the system of professional development of teaching staff; development of legislative and regulatory acts regulating issues of marriage and family relations.
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«Արեւմտեանի Ըմբոստութիւնը. Ի՞նչ Տեղի Ունեցաւ ՀՅԴ Արեւմտեան Ամերիկայի Կազմակերպութեան Մէջ». Los Angeles: Դաւիթ Թորոսեան, 2024.
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Balazs, Adam Bence, and Christina Griessler, eds. The Visegrad Four and the Western Balkans. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748901136.
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The Western Balkans and the Visegrad Group are two macro-regions within the larger Eastern European area. Geographically and historically close, both regions share comparable characteristics on a macro-regional level as well as among the region's individual countries on a national level. However, when it comes to identities, the national level seems unavoidable: politically speaking, identity means national identity first and foremost. The authors of this book, who come from both regions, examine the ways in which the very sense of regional belonging might—or might not—override the shortcomings of and the obstacles erected by national identity. The varied case studies in the book focus on aspects of identity and their political (mis)use by actors in the regions under study. With contributions by Adam Bence Balazs, Adam Balcer, Ladislav Cabada, Ondřej Daniel, Kinga Anna Gajda, Kamil Glinka, Christina Griessler, Adis Maksic, Jovana Mihajlović Trbovc, Ešref Kenan Rašidagić, Andrea Schmidt, Tamara Trošt, Robert Wiszniowski, Nikola Zečević.
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Koster, Eduard A., ed. The Physical Geography of Western Europe. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199277759.001.0001.
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A distinguished team of Western European scholars has written an advanced, full-length physical geography designed to be a state-of-the-art evaluation of the physical environment of Western Europe, being both retrospective and prospective in its perception of environmental change. The unique natural and regional environments of Western Europe are discussed, as well as the physical geographic framework of the region. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact and responses of human society on the physical environment of the region which is characterized by a very high population density. As an enhanced reference work it will be of enduring value.
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Greaves, Alan M. The Greeks in Western Anatolia. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0021.
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This article explores the complex archaeological and historical evidence describing the intersection between Greeks and Anatolians in the western and central reaches of the peninsula. It begins with an overview of the geographical context within which these Greek settlements existed and a discussion of the region's chronology. There follows a brief examination of the key sites of Old Smyrna, Phokaia, Miletos, and Knidos. Finally, three key themes in the archaeology of this region are examined: the mythical and archaeological evidence for the coming of the Greeks to Anatolia, the nature of the relationship between Greeks and non-Greeks in the region, and the local identities of the settlements here.
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Scarre, Chris. Neolithic Figurines of Western Europe. Edited by Timothy Insoll. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675616.013.042.
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Western Europe has relatively few figurines of Neolithic or Chalcolithic date by comparison with the large numbers known from Southeast Europe and Southwest Asia. Human figurines (mainly of fired clay) are, however, found in Bandkeramik contexts from Central Europe to the North Sea, with others in eastern France. The scarcity of human figurines from areas such as Britain illustrates the diversity of cultural and symbolic practice that privileged human representations in some areas but not others. In the Baltic region, a separate figurine tradition drawing probably on Late Palaeolithic or Mesolithic origins persisted into the Neolithic. It is, however, the Iberian peninsula that stands apart from other regions of western Europe for the abundance and diversity of its human figurines, most of them of Late Neolithic or Chalcolithic date (mid-fourth to late third millennium bc). They include carved schist plaques and ‘eye-idols’ of bone and other materials. The florescence of Iberian figurine production is associated with the emergence of societies on the verge of complexity, characterized by craft specialization and long-distance exchange.
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Hanmer, Lucia, Edinaldo Tebaldi, and Dorte Verner. Gender and Labor Markets in Tunisia’s Lagging Regions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799863.003.0006.
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There are significant differences in labor market outcomes by gender in Tunisia. These gender differences differ substantially in the richer coastal and eastern regions and the poorer southern and western regions. This chapter uses the 2014 Tunisia Labor Market Panel Survey (TLMPS) to examine the characteristics of male and female labor market participants in the lagging southern, western, and central regions, and in the leading regions. The chapter also discusses results from an econometric analysis of the factors that influence monthly wages and the probability of employment for men and women respectively. Our results show that gender plays a huge role in labor market outcomes: women are less likely to participate in the labor force, are more likely to be unemployed, and receive lower wages. In addition, youth and educated women in lagging regions are particularly disadvantaged because they are less likely to find a job and may not have the option of moving to places where employment prospects are better. Moreover, our results suggest that wage discrimination against women is prevalent outside the leading region in Tunisia.
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Peeples, Matthew A., Gregson Schachner, and Keith W. Kintigh. The Zuni/Cibola Region. Edited by Barbara Mills and Severin Fowles. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199978427.013.23.
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The Zuni/Cibola region of eastern Arizona and western New Mexico was the setting for some of the earliest formal archaeological investigations in the U.S. Southwest. From the outset, research in the region has been regional in scope, focusing in particular on issues of population movement, community organization, and social identity. Importantly, although the Cibola region is often treated as a single unit of analysis, the regional boundaries are crosscut by broader distinctions between the Anasazi or Ancestral Pueblo culture area to the north and the Mogollon culture area to the south. The apparent complexity of social boundaries in the Cibola region reflects a high degree of mobility and fluid social organization. Due in part to this complexity, the Cibola region has played a major role in conceptualizations of social and cultural identity in the Southwest for both archaeological research and cultural heritage legislation.
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Rudolph Jr., Joseph R. Hot Spot: North America and Europe. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400666476.
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Even in the relatively serene world of North America and Western Europe, numerous conflicts with the propensity for sustained political violence are carried out by domestic groups with alarming regularity. This in-depth volume explores conflicts and potential hot spot areas in these regions, from anti-globalization protests to immigration politics to the Basque provinces and the ETA. Coverage is divided into three regions—the established democracies of the U.S., Canada, and Western Europe; the democratizing countries of post-communist Europe; and the more volatile region encompassing Russia, the Balkans, the Causasus, and Post-Soviet Eastern Europe—for a greater understanding of geographic interrelationships. This comprehensive volume is a first-stop reference source for the most significant political, cultural, and economic conflicts in North America and Europe today.
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Markey, Daniel S. China's Western Horizon. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680190.001.0001.
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This book explains how China’s new foreign policies like the vaunted “Belt and Road” Initiative are being shaped by local and regional politics outside China and assesses the political implications of these developments for Eurasia and the United States. It depicts the ways that President Xi Jinping’s China is zealously transforming its national wealth and economic power into tools of global political influence and details these developments in South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East. Drawing from extensive interviews, travels, and historical research, it describes how perceptions of China vary widely within states like Pakistan, Kazakhstan, and Iran. Eurasia’s powerful and privileged groups often expect to profit from their connections to China, while others fear commercial and political losses. Similarly, statesmen across Eurasia are scrambling to harness China’s energy purchases, arms sales, and infrastructure investments as a means to outdo their strategic competitors, like India and Saudi Arabia, while negotiating relations with Russia and America. The book finds that, on balance, China’s deepening involvement will play to the advantage of regional strongmen and exacerbate the political tensions within and among Eurasian states. To make the most of America’s limited influence along China’s western horizon (and elsewhere), it argues that US policymakers should pursue a selective and localized strategy to serve America’s aims in Eurasia and to better compete with China over the long run.
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Luczanits, Christian. Buddhist Sculpture in Clay: Early Western Himalayan Art, Late 10th to Early 13th Centuries. Serindia Publications, 2004.
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Schoop, Ulf-Dietrich. The Chalcolithic on the Plateau. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0007.
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This article outlines the present state of knowledge about the Chalcolithic sequence on the Anatolian plateau and in western Anatolia. Because archaeological knowledge is not represented continuously over the whole area, it will be treated in the context of seven larger regions: the central Anatolian Plain (including Cappadocia, with occasional references to Cilicia), the southwest Anatolian Lake District (a mountainous region around the city of Burdur), the Aegean coast (extending north into the Troad), the area around the Sea of Marmara, the Porsuk region (around the city of Eskişehir), the Black Sea coast (between the cities of Sinop and Trabzon), and north-central Anatolia within the bend of the Kızıl Irmak River. The discussion identifies the main archaeological traditions and their chronological relationships. It also offers an overview of the chronological arguments and contentious issues. All dates are given in calibrated radiocarbon values.
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Murphy, Clifford R., ed. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038679.003.0002.
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This introductory chapter studies what local working-class New Englanders often refer to as “traditional country music,” particularly the so-called “New England country and western music.” The practitioners of and participants in this regional form of country music use live, local music to drive community events, and they are active stewards of the music's regional history and traditions. New England country and western music, history, and sociability are interwoven with national and international forms of commercial country music. The chapter also examines how the national and international commercial country music industry's diminishing interest in showcasing country music as a regional, working-class music has negatively impacted the vibrancy of New England, and has both threatened and fortified the region's sense of inheritance to the mantle of country music authenticity.
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Anders, Tisa M. Betabeleros and the Western Nebraska Sugar Industry. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037665.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses the newly founded and (soon to be) prosperous city of Scottsbluff in Western Nebraska as the chosen site for the first sugar factory in that region in 1910. Within a decade of its opening, Mexican and Mexican American migrant workers were the main group recruited for the fields. Finding that migrants successfully negotiated a variety of social, cultural, and economic challenges, the chapter considers how migrant workers and their families became part of the growing Scottsbluff community as the sugar industry developed. In addition to a variety of primary source materials, their labor and community-building efforts are brought to life through a series of oral history interviews.
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Pavlac, Brian A. Witch Hunts in the Western World. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216036395.
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This comprehensive resource explores the intersection of religion, politics, and the supernatural that spawned the notorious witch hunts in Europe and the New World. Witch Hunts in the Western World: Persecution and Punishment from the Inquisition through the Salem Trials traces the evolution of western attitudes towards magic, demons, and religious nonconformity from the Roman Empire through the Age of Enlightenment, placing these chilling events into a wider social and historical context. Witch hunts are discussed in eight narrative chapters by region, highlighting the cultural differences of the people who incited them as well as the key reforms, social upheavals, and intellectual debates that shaped European thought. Vivid accounts of trials and excerpts from the writings of both witch hunters and defenders throughout the Holy Roman Empire, France, the British Isles and colonies, Southern Europe, Scandinavia, and Eastern Europe bring to life one of the most intriguing and shocking periods in Western history. This in-depth and comprehensive resource explores the intersection of religion, politics, and the supernatural that spawned the notorious witch hunts in Europe and the New World. Witch Hunts in the Western World traces the evolution of western attitudes towards magic, demons, and religious nonconformity from the Roman Empire through the Age of Enlightenment, placing these chilling events into a wider social and historical context. Witch hunts are discussed in fascinating detail by region, highlighting the cultural differences of the people who incited them as well as the key reforms, social upheavals, and intellectual debates that shaped European thought. Vivid accounts of trials and excerpts from the writings of both witch hunters and defenders throughout the Holy Roman Empire, France, the British Isles and colonies, Southern Europe, Scandinavia, and Eastern Europe bring to life one of the most intriguing and shocking periods in Western history. Accessible narrative chapters make this a fascinating volume for general readers while offering a wealth of historic information for students and scholars. Features include a complete glossary of terms, timeline of major events, recommended reading selections, index, and black and white illustrations.
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Deliso, Christopher. The Coming Balkan Caliphate. Praeger, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400628863.
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The Balkans—the gateway between East and West—are also Europe's soft underbelly, a rough neighborhood where organized crime and terrorism present a constant threat. This eye-opening book details how 15 years of misguided Western interventions, political scheming, and local mafia appeasement, compounded by a massive infusion of Arab cash, fundamentalist Islamic preaching and mosque-building have allowed radical Islamic groups to fill in the cracks between internal ethnic and religious schisms and take root in key areas of the Balkans. With all eyes currently focused on the widening conflict in the Middle East and the terrorist threat coming from the region, the West is in danger of overlooking a potent new battleground in the greater war on terror—the Balkans. This historically volatile region saw some of the worst violence of the late 20th century in the Yugoslav Wars of Secession. During these conflicts, stunningly shortsighted and politically motivated policies of the United States and its allies directly allowed Islamic mujahedin and terrorist-related entities to establish a foothold in the region—just as with the progenitors of the Taliban a decade earlier in Afghanistan. Although the 9/11 attacks caused a partial reassessment of Western policy, it may already be too late for a region still largely ignored. The proliferation of foreign fundamentalist groups has had a cancerous effect on traditional Balkan Islamic communities, challenging their legitimacy in unprecedented and often violent ways. Well-funded groups like the Saudi-backed Wahabbis continue to exploit internal schisms within local communities, while the international administrations in Bosnia and Kosovo have actually strengthened the grip of local mafia groups—business partners of terrorists. Worst of all, the Western peacekeepers' chronic don't rock the boat mentality has allowed extremist groups to operate unchallenged. Nevertheless, regional demographic and cultural trends, coinciding with an increasingly hostile attitude in the larger Muslim world over Western military actions and perceived symbolic provocations, indicate that the lawless Balkans will become increasingly valuable as a strategic base for Islamic radicals over the next two decades. Utilizing the post-al-Qaeda tactics of a decentralized jihad carried out through small, independent cells (leaderless resistance) while seeking to fundamentally and violently remold Muslim societies, such Balkan-based extremists pose a unique and tangible threat to Western security.
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Darwent, Christyann, and John Darwent. The Enigmatic Choris and Old Whaling Cultures of the Western Arctic. Edited by Max Friesen and Owen Mason. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.22.
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The Choris (750–400 B.C.) and Old Whaling (1150–850 B.C.) cultures are both enigmatic manifestations in the archaeological record in a time of significant cultural “flux” in northwestern Alaskan prehistory. Both cultures represent potential first occurrences in the region—novel lithic assemblage and housing forms (implying the movement of new people into the region) and the possibility of whaling in the case of Old Whaling, and the introduction of pottery and new communal house structures for Choris. However, most of the solid evidence for Choris comes from primarily two locations—Choris Peninsula and Onion Portage, and thus far Old Whaling has only been identified at Cape Krusenstern. The chapter explores both of these archaeological cultures, their chronology and geographic distribution, associated artifacts, subsistence economy, and how they articulate with broader culture history of the western Arctic.
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Hoekema, David A. We Are The Voice of the Grass. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923150.001.0001.
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From the 1980s until the late 2000s the northern region of Uganda in East Africa endured a reign of terror imposed by the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) and its founder Joseph Kony. The LRA movement’s brutal tactics—abducting boys for training as soldiers, kidnapping girls as officers’ sexual partners, raping and maiming and killing innocent villagers—captured the world’s attention through Western visitors’ social media campaigns. Far less visible was the creation of a new organization to combat its destructive effects by leaders of the Protestant, Catholic, and Muslim communities in the Acholi region. Overcoming centuries of mistrust, they came together to relieve the suffering the LRA inflicted, to bring government and rebels to the negotiating table, and to assist in post-conflict recovery. This study describes the courageous work of the Acholi Religious Leaders’ Peace Initiative and its contributions to resolving one of the most horrific conflicts in recent history and helping families and communities recover from a quarter century of civil war. Drawing on published accounts of East African history, journalistic reports of the conflict and its aftermath, and extensive personal interviews in Uganda with organization leaders and LRA survivors, the author sets the background for Kony’s rebellion and draws lessons from the work of ARLPI that shed new light on how religion relates to politics, how conflict can be resolved, and how a community can reclaim its future through locally initiated initiatives against overwhelming obstacles.
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Dorraj, Manochehr. Middle East Foreign Policy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.261.
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The scholarly literature on Middle Eastern foreign policies has long treated the region as a pawn in the larger game of the great powers’ international rivalry for global supremacy. During the Cold War, Middle Eastern foreign policies were seen in terms of East-West confrontation, or as a replica of Western foreign policies. Over time, more sophisticated theories of Middle Eastern foreign policy have emerged. Two of the earliest theories that were applied to the study of Middle Eastern foreign policies were diplomatic political history and psychological approaches. Some scholars argue that the behavior of Middle Eastern states is reflective of some of the basic premises of the realist theory. Others, adopting a neorealist structural approach, contend that while Middle Eastern states may use the language of Islam and Pan-Arabism, power politics still lies at the core of their foreign policy. These scholars consider the shift in the regional and the global balance of power as the major explanatory factors for understanding foreign policy changes in the Middle East. Then there are those who conceptualize Middle Eastern foreign policies primarily in terms of dependency theory, the core-periphery power relations, and a struggle for the control of the region's oil and energy. Two other approaches to the study of Middle Eastern foreign policies are international political economy and bureaucratic politics. The Palestinian–Israeli conflict has been a major polarizing issue responsible for radicalization of regional politics and foreign policies in the Middle East.
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African art from four regions: Masks, sculpture, and ceremonial objects from the western Sudan, the Guinea coast, equatorial Africa, and the Congo basin. Hurst Gallery, 2002.
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Naufal, George, Ismail Genc, and Carlos Vargas-Silva. Attitudes of Students in the GCC Region towards the Arab Spring. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608873.003.0011.
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The purpose of this chapter is to present new empirical research on the Arab Spring and, specifically, to focus on the attitudes of residents of one country in the Middle East towards the Arab Spring. This research was conducted in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which has been one of the main migrant destinations in the world for the last two decades. This allows for comparisons regarding attitudes towards the Arab Spring across individuals from different regions of origin such as GCC, South Asia, and Western countries. The attitudes of university students are important because the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has experienced a substantial increase in the 17 to 23 years of age population. Existing reports suggest that, by far, those involved in Arab Spring protests were young individuals. The analysis places particular emphasis on the correlation of attitudes towards the Arab Spring with three key aspects: religiousness, attachment to the GCC countries, and attachment to country of origin.
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Ousterhout, Robert G. Eastern Medieval Architecture. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190272739.001.0001.
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The rich and diverse architectural traditions of the Eastern Mediterranean and adjacent regions are the subject of this book. Representing the visual residues of a “forgotten” Middle Ages, the social and cultural developments of the Byzantine Empire, the Caucasus, the Balkans, Russia, and the Middle East parallel the more familiar architecture of Western Europe. The book offers an expansive overview of the architectural developments of the Byzantine Empire and areas under its cultural influence, as well as of the intellectual currents that lie behind their creation. The book alternates chapters that address chronological or regional developments with thematic studies that focus on the larger cultural concerns, as they are expressed in architectural form.
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Cochrane, Ethan E., and Terry L. Hunt, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199925070.001.0001.
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The prehistory of Oceania begins with the occupation of New Guinea over 50,000 years ago, up to the settlement of Aotearoa/New Zealand in the last 700 years. The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania presents this history in regional overviews and debates through 21 chapters by leading archaeologists and scholars of allied fields. Chapters present the latest findings and future research directions on the New Guinea region and archipelagos from Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa in the western Pacific. Micronesia, East Polynesia, Hawaii, Aotearoa/New Zealand, and Easter Island are also discussed in individual chapters. Chapters on wider disciplinary issues summarize key points of method and theory in Oceanic archaeology, including the generation of explanations, building chronologies, linguistic prehistory, coastline evolution, settlement systems, and maritime migration.
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Porter, Patrick. Breaking States. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807964.003.0003.
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This chapter forms the core of the argument, tracing the ideological roots of ‘regime change’, identified as an underlying form of security-seeking. Though it took the structural fact of American power and the contingent event of the 9/11 terrorist attacks to make the assault on Saddam possible, it was also conditioned by the rise in the previous decade of a set of ideas about liberalism and security. Those ideas bred a ‘common sense’ that presented disputable ideas as obvious: that 9/11 was a harbinger, not an aberration, warranting high-risk and radical measures; that designated ‘rogue’ actors are undeterrable aggressors who we cannot live with; and that given the obvious ‘arc’ of history towards democracy and capitalism, Western power can be applied to transform whole regions if only Westerners have the will.
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Hagemann, Karen, Stefan Dudink, and Sonya O. Rose, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Gender, War, and the Western World since 1600. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948710.001.0001.
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The handbook is a reference work of thirty-two essays jointly written by specialists in the history of military and war and experts in gender and women’s history. The collection, covering four centuries from the Thirty Years’ War to the present Wars of Globalization, investigates how gender contributed to the shaping of warfare and the military and was at the same time transformed by them. The essays explore this question by focusing on themes such as the cultural representations of military and war; war mobilization of and war support by society; war experiences on the home fronts and battlefronts; gendered war violence; military service and citizenship; war demobilization, postwar societies, and memories; and attempts to regulate and tame warfare and prevent new wars. The volume covers chronologically the major periods in the development of warfare since the seventeenth century. Its content reflects the state of research on the history of gender and war. Therefore, the main geographical focus of the handbook in several chapters is on the best explored regions of eastern and western Europe, the Americas and Australia. But it also systematically covers the long-term processes of colonization and empire-building originating in early modern Europe and their aftermath in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia, which are more recent fields of research. Thus, the handbook allows for both temporal comparisons that explore continuities and changes in a long-term perspective and regional comparisons, as well as an assessment of transnational influences on the entangled relationships between and among gender, warfare, and military culture. All essays are thematic, comparative or transnational.
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Murphy, Clifford R., ed. “It Beats Digging Clams”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038679.003.0007.
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This chapter looks at how country and western music has provided a way of making a living for several thousand people in New England over the course of the music's history in the region. Gift exchange and the spirit of community are important elements of the country and western event. And yet, for the New England country and western musician, it is also about the money. Modern-day New England country and western musicians who make a working-class “living” do so by augmenting their earnings from a day job with money earned from music, or they work as musical chameleons ready to adapt to a wide variety of musical shades. Country and western music actually provided a better income and a more cosmopolitan lifestyle than most working-class people could expect from factory, agricultural, woods, or maritime work.
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Pack, Sasha D. The Deepest Border. Stanford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503606678.001.0001.
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This book presents the history of southern Iberia and the western Maghrib, and the Strait of Gibraltar between them, as a single bicontinental borderland, from roughly 1850 to 1970. Drawing on primary and secondary sources from several countries, it posits a long historical arc of transformation from a remote and hostile religious frontier into a multilaterally managed regional order. By the nineteenth century, the Strait of Gibraltar was becoming a dynamic focus of imperial positioning, migration, brigandage, and exchange. As a consequence, coastal outposts like Tangier, Gibraltar, and Melilla became centers of an emerging bicontinental society bringing together a kaleidoscope of ethno-religious groups. These developments produced conflict but also drew sovereign powers together to confront common challenges, such as controlling epidemic disease, defeating warlords, and managing borders. Thus, over the course of a century, despite periods of considerable violence, an international order gradually emerged in the western Mediterranean. As European empire withdrew in the late twentieth century, the region did not revert to the hostile frontier of earlier times but inherited the legacy of a relatively stable and resilient regional order. Conceptualizing the borderland in this way provides a single transnational framework to explore connections between Mediterranean geopolitics, colonialism, border formation, smuggling and brigandage, and the civil and international violence of the twentieth century. It also addresses the role of mobility in international relations, the dynamics of Muslim-Jewish relations in the context of European empire, and the ongoing controversies over Gibraltar, Ceuta, and Melilla.
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Knoors, Harry, Maria Brons, and Marc Marschark, eds. Deaf Education Beyond the Western World. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190880514.001.0001.
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This volume disseminates academically informed knowledge about deaf education constructed by scholars and practitioners in countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America in order to identify the strengths and needs of deaf learners and deaf educators in those countries and to help move deaf education forward. It includes chapters about best practices and challenges from nineteen countries across the world, countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Central and Eastern Europe. The chapters are written by scholars and practitioners who live and work in these countries, sometimes co-authored by colleagues from Western countries. The volume thus offers a picture of deaf education beyond the Western world from the perspective of local scholars associated with educating deaf and hard-of-hearing learners, the people who live it and know it best. The picture that emerges about deaf education in mostly vast countries is one that often reflects considerable regional and local variation. The chapters in this volume are embedded in discourses about international knowledge exchange, international development support, and the ambition to realize Goal 4 of the worldwide Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations: to ensure by 2030 inclusive and equitable education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all, including deaf and hard-of-hearing children and adults.
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Moldicz, Csaba. Geopolitics in Central Europe. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350326750.
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The geopolitical landscape of Central Europe has undergone considerable transformation in the last two decades. While the pre-Global Financial Crisis period saw a focus on strengthening ties with Western Europe and the USA, the post-crisis period has seen reorientation towards Asia, in particular China. This book charts these changes in geopolitical dominance in the region, covering the economic influence of China, the increasingly assertive diplomatic involvement of Russia and increased US interest in the region under the Biden administration. The book also seeks to explain why the countries of Central Europe are realigning their geopolitical alliances towards the great powers as confidence in the European project and its economic benefits has waned, and what opportunities for the development of the region this realignment could hold.
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Cordesman, Anthony H., and Martin Kleiber. Iran's Military Forces and Warfighting Capabilities. Praeger, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400672521.
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Nations around the world are uncertain and anxious about Iran's intentions in the Middle East and the wider global arena. Its current president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, has made no secret of his opposition to Western society, particularly Israel, and his desire to acquire nuclear weapons. However, as Anthony H. Cordesman and Martin Kleiber point out, Ahmadinejad does not necessarily speak for the Iranian clerical regime, who operate in a cloud of secrecy and also directly control Iran's military. Given the ambiguous nature of Iran's global objectives, this new study focuses on the tangible aspects of Iran's military forces and takes an objective look at the realistic threats that Iran poses to the region and the world. The authors systematically assess each aspect of Iranian military forces from their conventional armies to their asymmetric threat via proxy wars in the region. Much attention in national security debates is paid to Iran's intentions without first understanding its capabilities. Lacking such a fundamental understanding, much of this speculation tends to be wasted and irrelevant to what could actually happen in the event of a conflict. Cordesman and Kleiber's study provides, in meticulous detail, a basis for understanding the realistic threat that Iran poses to the Northern Gulf.
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Ostovar, Afshon. Wars of Ambition. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190940980.001.0001.
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Abstract Wars of Ambition is about America’s decline and Iran’s rise in the Middle East. At the dawn of the 21st century, U.S. influence in the Middle East remained strong. The events of 9/11 upended that seemingly inexorable course, and prompted the Bush administration’s bold plan to remake the Middle East centered on war with Iraq. The war created an opportunity for Iran to advance its own opposing ambitions to transform the region into a bastion of resistance to Western hegemony, and bringing an end to Israel’s existence as a Jewish state. The resulting clash for divergent regional orders intensified the Iraq War and, following the Arab Spring, engulfed the region in a competition for influence and supremacy involving local (Saudi Arabia, Turkey, UAE, Qatar, and Israel) and foreign powers (Russia and China). This book explores the evolution of that process as it unfolded across a span of over two decades, and examines how contending agendas are both infused with and transcend regional politics. With Iran’s empowerment and its revisionist campaign running in concert with those of Russia and China, the contest for the Middle East has become a microcosm of a larger geopolitical battle between those aiming to preserve the American-led global order and those seeking to overturn it. That sweeping examination is constructed as a narrative in order to capture the tumult of this period as it unfolded, and shows how the battle for the Middle East reflects the politics and dividing lines of an emergent multipolar world.
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Helstosky, Carol. Food Culture in the Mediterranean. Greenwood Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400652509.
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Food that originated from the Mediterranean area is incredibly popular. Pasta, pizza, gyros, kebab, and falafel can be found just about everywhere. Many people throughout the world have a good idea of what Mediterranean cuisine and diet are all about, but they know less about the entire food culture of the region. This one-stop source provides the broadest possible understanding of food culture throughout the region, giving a variety of examples and evidence from the southern Mediterranean or North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt), the Western Mediterranean or European side of the Mediterranean (Spain, France, Italy, and the French and Italian islands), to the eastern Mediterranean or Levant (Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel). The Mediterranean region region is home to three of the world's major religions, and for centuries, the Mediterranean Sea has been an invitation to trade, travel, conquest, and immigration. Where different cultures, beliefs, and traditions mix there is always volatility and tension, but there is also great energy. Understanding the food culture in the Mediterranean is one way readers can see how people of different regions come together, share ideas and information to create new dishes, meals, traditions, and forms of sociability. This volume answers questions such as Do people in the Mediterranean still eat the Mediterranean Diet or do they eat American style? Why is it that the same ingredients can be prepared in so many different ways, even in the same country? Why would cooks take the time to make foods like zucchini, lentils, or figs into dozens of different dishes? How and why do religious rituals differ regarding food preparation? What do Jews, Muslims, and Christians eat on religious holidays? Do people eat out or eat at home? Why is hospitality so important to Mediterranean people and what do they do to demonstrate hospitality and good will through the preparation and serving of meals?
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Bergman, Torbjörn, Gabriella Ilonszki, and Wolfgang C. Müller, eds. Coalition Governance in Central Eastern Europe. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844372.001.0001.
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Coalitions among political parties govern most of Europe’s parliamentary democracies. Traditionally, the study of coalition politics has been focused on Western Europe. Coalition governance in Central Eastern Europe brings the study of the full coalition life-cycle to a region that has undergone tremendous political transformation, but which has not been studied from this perspective. The volume covers Bulgaria, Estonia, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. It provides information and analyses of the cycle, from pre-electoral alliances to coalition formation and portfolio distribution, governing in coalitions, the stages that eventually lead to a government termination, and the electoral performance of coalition parties. In Central Eastern Europe, few single-party cabinets form and there have been only a few early elections. The evidence provided shows that coalition partners in the region write formal agreements (coalition agreements) to an extent that is similar to the patterns that we find in Western Europe, but also that they adhere less closely to these contracts. While the research on Western Europe tends to stress that coalition partners emphasize coalition compromise and mutual supervision, there is more evidence of ‘ministerial government’ by individual ministers and ministries. There are also a few coalition governance systems that are heavily dominated by the prime minister. No previous study has covered the full coalition life-cycle in all of the ten countries with as much detail. Systematic information is presented in 10 figures and in more than one hundred tables.
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Barrett, Russell, and Eng Pin Tay. Perth Plants. CSIRO Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306039.
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The city of Perth is well known and treasured for its areas of protected bushland in the heart of the city. Kings Park and Bold Park represent a significant part of the natural heritage of the Swan Coastal Plain and are an important part of city life. The city is also a gateway to the incredible biodiversity to be found in south-west Western Australia.
Perth Plants provides a comprehensive photographic guide to all plants known to occur in the bushlands of Kings Park and Bold Park, both native plants and naturalised weeds. There are 778 species included, representing approximately one-quarter of all the plants in the greater Perth region, and one-tenth of all species known for the south-west of Western Australia.
This new edition contains 22 additional species and updated photography throughout. It is an essential reference for anyone interested in the plants of south-west Western Australia, and particularly the Swan Coastal Plain.
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Lange, Barbara Rose. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190245368.003.0001.
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The Introduction outlines a historical and cultural framework for musical fusion projects in Central Europe, specifically Hungary, Slovakia, and Austria, between 1989 and 2008. It argues that such projects participate in a regional artistic heritage of stylistic virtuosity and social critique. It describes how Central Europeans treat some of their own world music, folk music, and ethnojazz as high or “serious” art, while in Western Europe, world music is part of the popular music industry. The Introduction argues that the Central European projects are experiments in economic independence and in ethnic inclusion stemming from the region’s history of war, exclusion of Romani (Gypsy) and Jewish minorities, and transition to neoliberal capitalism. The Introduction discusses artistic precedents of the 1970s and 1980s, and delineates aspects of the sociopolitical atmosphere for the arts in Central Europe between 1989 and 2008.
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Jensen, Anne M. Archaeology of the Late Western Thule/Iñupiat in North Alaska (. 1300–1750). Edited by Max Friesen and Owen Mason. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.27.
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This chapter covers the Late Western Thule (LWT) and precontact Iñupiat of Northern Alaska, the most recent archaeological manifestation of the Northern Maritime tradition. From a maritime-adapted, whale-hunting culture living in semisubterranean sod-covered houses, this culture expanded to include inland settlements along rivers and in caribou hunting regions. The chronology of the LWT period is refined, based on recent advances in dating and many new dates. Other topics covered include settlement patterns and demography, technology, trade, architecture, social relations, mortuary practices, and the history and effects of contact with Euro-Americans. Several unresolved questions, including climate-change effects, the existence and nature of resource stress, and factors governing interior occupation are highlighted.
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Humphreys, George G. The Fall of Kentucky's Rock. University Press of Kentucky, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813182339.001.0001.
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This in-depth study offers a new examination of a region that is often overlooked in political histories of the Bluegrass State. George G. Humphreys traces the arc of politics and the economy in western Kentucky from avid support of the Democratic Party to its present-day Republican identity. He demonstrates that, despite its relative geographic isolation, the region west of the eastern boundary of Hancock, Ohio, Butler, Warren, and Simpson Counties to the Mississippi River played significant roles in state and national politics during the New Deal and postwar eras. Drawing on extensive archival research and oral history interviews, Humphreys explores the area's political transformation from a solid Democratic voting block to a conservative stronghold by examining how developments such as advances in agriculture, the diversification of the economy, and the civil rights movement affected the region. Addressing notable deficiencies in the existing literature, this impressively researched study will leave readers with a deeper understanding of post–1945 Kentucky politics.
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Robin, Libby, Chris Dickman, and Mandy Martin, eds. Desert Channels. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097506.
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Desert Channels is a book that combines art, science and history to explore the ‘impulse to conserve’ in the distinctive Desert Channels country of south-western Queensland. The region is the source of Australia’s major inland-flowing desert rivers. Some of Australia’s most interesting new conservation initiatives are in this region, including partnerships between private landholders, non-government conservation organisations that buy and manage land (including Bush Heritage Australia and the Australian Wildlife Conservancy) and community-based natural resource management groups such as Desert Channels Queensland.
Conservation biology in this place has a distinguished scientific history, and includes two decades of ecological work by scientific editor Chris Dickman. Chris is one of Australia’s leading terrestrial ecologists and mammalogists. He is an outstanding writer and is passionate about communicating the scientific basis for concern about biodiversity in this region to the broadest possible audience.
Libby Robin, historian and award-winning writer, has co-ordinated the writings of the 46 contributors whose voices collectively portray the Desert Channels in all its facets. The emphasis of the book is on partnerships that conserve landscapes and communities together. Short textboxes add local and technical commentary where relevant. Art and science combine with history and local knowledge to richly inform the writing and visual understanding of the country.
Conservation here is portrayed in four dimensions: place, landscape, biodiversity and livelihood. These four parts each carry four chapters. The ‘4x4’ structure was conceived by acclaimed artist, Mandy Martin, who has produced suites of artworks over three seasons in this format with commentaries, which make the interludes between parts. Martin’s work offers an aesthetic framework of place, which shapes how we see the region.
Desert Channels explores the impulse to protect the varied biodiversity of the region, and its Aboriginal, pastoral and prehistoric heritage, including some of Australia’s most important dinosaur sites. The work of Alice Duncan-Kemp, the region’s most significant literary figure, is highlighted. Even the sounds of the landscape are not forgotten: the book's webpage has an audio interview by Alaskan radio journalist Richard Nelson talking to ecologist Steve Morton at Ocean Bore in the Simpson Desert country. The twitter of zebra finches accompanies the interview.
Conservation can be accomplished in various ways and Desert Channels combines many distinguished voices. The impulse to conserve is shared by local landholders, conservation enthusiasts (from the community and from national and international organisations), Indigenous owners, professional biologists, artists and historians.
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Riggs, Amanda M. Working in the Middle East. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216038733.
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Presenting the firsthand account of an American woman working several jobs in Egypt over a four-year period, this book analyzes the cross-cultural business environment between the United States and the Middle East and North Africa. It provides recommendations to enable anyone—male or female—to successfully navigate commercial activities in the region. As the American workforce evolves and more women seek leadership roles in business, a growing number of women—and men—are seeking international business experiences to advance their careers and set themselves apart from their competition. Conducting business in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) requires an in-depth understanding of the Arab mindset and cultural standards of that region. Authored by one of few women who have pioneered working in the region, this book delves deeply into business culture in the Middle East and North Africa and addresses how women in particular can be successful, especially Western women whose business culture is different, offering insights that will help deepen one’s ability to function in business across the MENA region as well as throughout the world. Readers will learn the truth about living in the Middle East and North Africa and what a Western woman will likely face, from cultural customs, business practices, and socio-economic challenges that exist in these emerging markets to the realities of potential sexual harassment to the lack of rule of law. The book describes aspects of the crosscultural experience, such as the importance of the collectivist mentality in the office and the role of maintaining one’s honor not only in business relationships but also in MENA culture in general. It also explains the four main elements of international business negotiations and identifies the reasons that more American women should consider working internationally, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa, but also in other collectivist cultures, namely in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The author illustrates the unique cultural context in the Middle East and North Africa for Westerners and supplies a breadth of recommendations and insights that will serve anyone—male or female—seeking to successfully navigate business in the region.
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Iuzzolino, Giovanni, Guido Pellegrini, and Gianfranco Viesti. Regional Convergence. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0020.
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In 150 years, the trends in regional disparities in economic development within Italy have differed depending on whether they are gauged by longitude or by latitude. The disparities between western and eastern regions first widened and then closed; the North-South gap, by contrast, remains the main open problem in the national history of Italy. This chapter focuses on the underlying causes of the turning points in regional disparities since national unification in 1861. The first came in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, with the industrialization of the so-called "industrial triangle". This was followed by the "failed new turn" during the interwar years: not only were the beginnings of convergence blocked, but the North-South gap, until then still natural, inevitably, was transformed into a fracture of exceptional dimensions. The second turning point, in the twenty years after the World War, produced the first substantial, lasting convergence between southern and northern Italy, powered by rising productivity and structural change in the South. The last turning point was in the mid-1970s, when convergence was abruptly halted and a protracted period of immobility in the disparity began.
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Zürn, Michael. Counter-Institutionalization in the Global Governance System. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819974.003.0008.
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States increasingly contest international institutions by “counter-institutionalization.” This comes in two forms. Counter-Institutionalization by Incumbent States (CMALL 4) means regime shifting and competitive regime creation. Incumbent states build and use parallel governance forums, especially when the dominant institution exercises authority on the basis of the “one-state, one-vote” principle. In that way, Western states insist on institutionalized inequality, asking for a global governance system that gives them a privileged role and allows for double standards. The costs of this strategy are significant. Rising powers also use the strategy of counter-institutionalization. They aim at changing existing, Western-biased institutions. Counter-Institutionalization by Rising Powers (CMALL 3) aims at voice—not at exit or loyalty. At the same time, there is an ongoing suspicion that stronger international institutions are instruments of Western dominance and help to prolong an unequal distribution of benefits. This tension leads to ambiguous responses, unified by the struggle against institutionalized inequality.
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Gaynanov, Damir. Innovative technologies of management of socio-economic development of Russian regions:XV International Scientific and Practical Conference, Ufa, 26-27 october 2023. Institute of Social and Economic Researches - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Science, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31040/978-5-6049257-5-1.
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The conference is devoted to the topical problems of management of socio-economic development of different-level territorial entities. Special attention is paid to the problems and opportunities of economic development of Russian regions in the conditions of Western sanctions policy (Section 1); modelling and management of innovative development of socio-economic systems in the conditions of new economic reality (Section 2); increasing the importance of public finance in the conditions of sanctions (Section 3); management of territorial development in the conditions of global transformations (Section 4); social development of territories and formation of quality social infrastructure in the conditions of global challenges (Section 5). The round table of young scientists, held within the framework of the conference, was devoted to the challenges of modern society and opportunities for the development of territories. The participants of the conference expressed their positions and discussed the results of research on these topics. The materials are published in the author's edition and reflect the views of scientists and practitioners on the problems of managing socio-economic development of Russian regions. The collection is of interest to researchers, university staff and students, as well as specialists in the field of economics and management of regional development.