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Ignatev, Pavel D., and Anna V. Trusova. "Association of Personal Identity and Time Perspective in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: Cross-Cultural Research." RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2019-16-2-127-146.
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The article presents the results of an original cross-cultural study of the identity and time perspective in alcohol-addicted patients. Based on the materials of the two examined patient groups from the Central (N = 79) and Arctic regions (N = 66) of Russia, using a set of the following psychodiagnostic methods - test of 20 statements by M. Kuhn, T. McPartland, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), a semantic time differential and the questionnaire of motivation for alcohol consumption by V.Yu. Zavyalov (MAC) - the regional differences in the identity matrix and temporal orientations were found and described. According to the results of a clinical and psychological research, it was found that for alcohol-addicted patients in general the most significant is a reflexive identity focusing on “negative past”, while considering the past and future in the categories of “activity”, “affective sentiment”, “magnitude”. The leading alcohol use motives are hedonistic, ataractic, and activation behavior. At the same time, the communicative identity, “perceptibility” of the entire psychological time, as well as pseudocultural motive causing alcohol abuse are significantly present in the identity matrix of the patients from Saint Petersburg. In the group of patients from Yakutsk, there is a significant orientation toward a “fatalistic present”, with the “structurization” of the past, present, and future. The intergroup correlations between the various aspects of personal identity and time perspective, as well as the hierarchy of motives in patients with alcoholism in a socio-cultural context are shown. The correlation patterns between the identification characteristics and time perspective have significant differences in the two groups studied. The data obtained reflect the social specifics of the central regions, as well as the cultural characteristics of the northern nationalities with their inherent desire to avoid uncertainty. From these data, it can be concluded that the socio-psychological factors in the etiopathogenesis of alcohol dependence are significant.
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Sharok, V., Iu Iakovleva, and N. Vakhnin. "Social and psychological aspects of individual adaptation in Arctic conditions." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 302 (August 6, 2019): 012084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/302/1/012084.
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Sotnikova, Yuliia, and Khalida Ahaverdiieva. "Psychological aspects of social security in Ukraine." Economics of Development 18, no. 2 (August 7, 2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ed.18(2).2019.05.
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Negative trends in the social sphere and the social problems that exist because of this lead to a sharpening of state national security issues. At the same time, domestic and foreign scholars do not pay sufficient attention to the psychological component of social security, which characterizes the subjective assessment of the state of the social sphere development by the population. This very aspect of social security has become a basis for the formulation of the research goal as an analysis of the state of social security of Ukraine in a regional context in accordance with the system of indicators taking into account the psychological component. The main methods of the investigation are analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, cluster analysis method. The practical result is the definition of the main components of national security, special attention is paid to the analysis of the interpretation of the definition of “social security” by domestic scientists. The expediency of allocating the psychological component of social security has been substantiated. The list of social security indicators has defined in accordance with the methodological recommendations for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine, namely: the ratio of nominal wages to the subsistence minimum per working age person; the ratio of the size of the labor pension to the subsistence minimum of the disabled persons; the number of HIV-infected persons with the first diagnosis, persons per 100 thousand people); the number of patients with active tuberculosis with the first diagnosis, persons per 100 thousand people; level of crime. The so-called indexes of social tension have been added to this list, which take into account the psychological aspect of the population of the state, namely: arrears of wages; the level of payment by the population of housing and communal services; the level of registered unemployment; the number of employees who were in forced full-time employment. A cluster analysis of the regions of Ukraine has carried out on the basis of the listed social security indicators, which resulted in the definition of regions with high indicators of social security, namely: Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia, Kyiv, Luhansk, Odesa and Kharkiv regions.
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Lukina, Olga, Anna Kurochkina, and Anna Karmanova. "Assessment of tourism development in Arctic entities." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 10010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017510010.
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The article reflects the main aspects of the development of the tourist industry of the Arctic regions. The characteristics of the tourist environment of each of the eight states forming the Arctic are presented. Dynamics of tourist flows of regions is considered. Trends in the further development of Arctic tourism are reflected. The analysis of statistical data on the subject under study is presented, conclusions on the topic are drawn.
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Bogachev, V. F., and N. P. Veretennikov. "NTEGRATION ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT OF THE ECONOMY IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC REGIONS." Север и рынок: формирование экономического порядка 68, no. 2/2020 (October 22, 2020): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2220-802x.2.2020.68.001.
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Currently the system of management of the economy in the Russian Arctic is not effective enough, does not represent a unified organizational structure and requires serious restructuring. This is particularly relevant to the ever-increasing trend of weakening connections between regions of the Russian Arctic and the necessity to strengthen integration processes. In the article the authors propose the concept of integration of regional management systems’ activities based on developmentof their horizontal interconnections. This will allow more effective use of resources in the interaction process and focus them on solving common tasks in the Russian Arctic, which functions as a kind of management macrosystem, consistent in relation to its integrated northern territories. The fact that there is no unified approach makes it impossible to create an environment comfortable for the people working there. Regions have different ways of resolving issues related to the production location in territories where mining or minerals extraction is the main development feature. The management of subarctic territories has differences in the regions, that may help entities to unite due to financial opportunities. Development of territories of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District and the Arkhangelsk region territories is significantly different by their budgets, and the discussed programs are implemented in the regions depending on the availability of funds in their budgets. The article discusses options and scenarios thatcan help regions to develop a concept foroptimaldevelopmentof theterritories.
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Majd, Vahid Khodaie, and Arastu Bakhshaliyev. "The Study of Psychological Aspects of Iranian Mothers’ Lullabies." Asian Social Science 12, no. 4 (March 19, 2016): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n4p93.
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<p>Lullabies are one of the best and most appealing national-spiritual songs of the Iranian nation reflecting their high creativity in treating their children. The purpose of the present qualitative study is to examine the psychological aspects of the lullabies used by Iranian mothers through content analysis. Almost two thousand and five hundred lullabies of Farsi and Azeri speaking regions of Iran were selected based on purposive sampling. Having ensured the validity of the sources and documents of the lullabies in the regions, interpretive approach was adopted for studying and analyzing the contents of the lullabies. The content analysis of the lullabies under study indicated their far reaching psychological role in psychic health of the children, especially in creating positive self-concept, feeling of peace and security, reduced stress, and reinforcement of cognitive abilities as well as other psychological aspects, all of which have been discussed in this study.</p>
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GORDIENKO, D. V. "MILITARY COMPONENT OF THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE "STRATEGIC TRIANGLE" RUSSIA – CHINA – USA: REGIONAL ASPECTS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 3, no. 8 (2020): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.08.03.011.
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The military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the "strategic triangle" Russia-China-USA occupies an important place in the implementation of Russian aspirations in various regions of the world. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the Russia-China- US strategic triangle on the implementation of current Russian policy in the post-Soviet space, in the Asia-Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions, in the Arctic, the Middle East and other regions of the world. The paper examines the influence of the military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the Russia- China-USA “strategic triangle”, proposes an approach to a comparative assessment of this influence, which allows identifying the priorities of Russian policy in the post-Soviet space, in the Asia-Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions, in the Arctic, on The Middle East and other regions of the world. A comparative assessment of the influence of the military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the Russia-China-USA “strategic triangle” can be used to substantiate recommendations to the military-political leadership of our country. The article concludes that the military component of Russian policy occupies a dominant position in the implementation of the current policy of the Russian Federation in the post-Soviet space, in the Asia- Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions, in the Arctic, the Middle East and in other regions of the world.
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Laiti, Outi Kaarina, and Satu-Maarit Frangou. "Social Aspects of Learning: Sámi People in the Circumpolar North." International Journal of Multicultural Education 21, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v21i1.1728.
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This article addresses how, in the Arctic regions, indigenous traditional educational approaches focus on the cultural background of the people and their social learning customs in today’s context. The development of Arctic pedagogical approaches is discussed in light of experiences collected in Finnish Lapland in 2017 with the Sámi people. Particularly, the significance of social interactions in indigenous pedagogies is explored. We ask how social interactions benefit technologically enhanced learning in the Sámi cultural context. The findings suggest that social interactions have the potential for improving learning even when learning with and through information and communication technologies (ICTs).
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Nikonorov, S. M., S. N. Kirillov, and M. V. Slipenchuk. "Transition to sustainable development of cities and regions Baikal natural territory and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation." Management and Business Administration, no. 4 (December 2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33983/2075-1826-2020-4-37-46.
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In our study, a comparative analysis is made between cities and regions of the Baikal natural territory and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The main goals of sustainable development for the Baikal natural territory are outlined. By focusing on sustainable development, we focus on the long-term, not the short-term. Analyzing this complex concept, the article presents several aspects and constituent elements of sustainable development. The paper presents the analytics of sustainable development of cities and regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and the Baikal natural territory. The article analyzes the socio-economic indicators of the development of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and the Baikal natural territory.
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Degen, Renate, and Sarah Faulwetter. "The Arctic Traits Database – a repository of Arctic benthic invertebrate traits." Earth System Science Data 11, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-301-2019.
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Abstract. The recently increased interest in marine trait-based studies highlights one general demand – the access to standardized, reference-based trait information. This demand holds especially true for polar regions, where the gathering of ecological information is still challenging. The Arctic Traits Database is a freely accessible online repository (https://doi.org/10.25365/phaidra.49; https://www.univie.ac.at/arctictraits, last access: 20 February 2019) that fulfils these requests for one important component of polar marine life, the Arctic benthic macroinvertebrates. It accounts for (1) obligate traceability of information (every entry is linked to at least one source), (2) exchangeability among trait platforms (use of most common download formats), (3) standardization (use of most common terminology and coding scheme) and (4) user-friendliness (granted by an intuitive web interface and rapid and easy download options, for the first time including the option to download a fuzzy coded trait matrix). The combination of these aspects makes the Arctic Traits Database the currently most sophisticated online accessible trait platform in (not only) marine ecology and a role model for prospective databases of other marine compartments or other (also non-marine) ecosystems. At present the database covers 19 traits (80 trait categories) and holds altogether 14 242 trait entries for 1911 macro- and megabenthic taxa. Thus, the Arctic Traits Database will foster and facilitate trait-based approaches in polar regions in the future and increase our ecological understanding of this rapidly changing system.
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Илькевич, Сергей, Sergey Ilkevich, Пер Стрёмберг, and Per Stremberg. "ASPECTS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NENETS AND YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICTS AS DESTINATIONS OF ARCTIC TOURISM." Servis Plus 10, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21118.
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Despite some intensification of the regional and local authorities, as well as the proactive position of some tour operators in the Arctic regions of Russia, as well as a general removal of focus to domestic tourism in connec- tion with domestic economic and political shocks of the past two years, real progress in the Arctic tourism in Russia is not so great. It’s connected with the systemic and acute problems of the development of this macro region. Their resolution will take decades. In these circumstances, it would be better to talk about the need to focus efforts of states and municipalities, as well as of businesses in those regions that now have not just an abstract potential from the point of view of tourism resources, but the real competitiveness for doubling-tripling of tourist arrivals within five to seven years due to such social, economic and food elements of competitiveness: the positive dynamics of the regional economy, positive demographics, the adequacy of general investments and investments directly related to the tourism, relatively well-developed infrastructure, transport accessibil- ity, price competitiveness of tourism products (the latter in the current environment could be the ability to stay within 60–70 thousand rubles for a 7–10 days tour with budget excursion component). If we analyze the parameters together, as it seems to the authors, today we can speak about the special prospect and a fairly high level of domestic and international competitiveness of only two destinations in the Arctic – Nenets and Yama- lo-Nenets Autonomous districts. Within the presented work, the authors make arguments about what these two regions may be Arctic destinations of paramount importance, because they can actually achieve the ambitious goals for increasing the mass of domestic and inbound tourism in the Arctic in really foreseeable future.
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TIMOSHENKO, Diana S. "Branding of the Arctic Tourism Destinations in Russia." Arctic and North, no. 42 (March 23, 2021): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2021.42.257.
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The study deals with the issues of tourism destinations branding, as well as tourism multidimensionality and tourism destination identity in the Russian Arctic. The factors determining the promotion and branding of tourist destinations in the Russian Arctic are considered in correlation with the fundamental principles of sustainability in Arctic tourism. The relationship between state policy and socio-economic development of the Arctic regions of Russia is considered, in particular, in the aspects of Arctic tourism development. Dialectical, logical, theoretical and empirical methods were conducted for this research. The article defines the conditions for increasing the competitiveness of the domestic tourism product in the Arctic, lists tourism facilities, territories and tourism products that are of the most expressed interest to Russian and foreign tourists. The factors affecting the competitiveness of the tourism product in the Russian Arctic are identified. The article presents the components of the tourist destinations image in the Russian Arctic, which may become the basis for the formation of a strategy for branding tourism in the Arctic regions. The conclusion is drawn about the need for an umbrella brand creation for the Russian Arctic. The necessity of creating conditions for the professional implementation of tourist personnel in the Arctic regions of Russia and the influx of labor resources from urbanized and oversaturated territories to the Arctic with the aim of the integrated development of tourism is substantiated.
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Nikonorov, Sergey, Konstantin Papenov, Aleksandr Krivichev, and Kira Sitkina. "Issues of the Sustainable Development Measurement of the Arctic region." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2019, no. 4 (August 31, 2019): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201948.
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The article is devoted to the approaches to achieve sustainable development of the Arctic territories. Measuring sustainability is one of the important aspects in the formation of state and corporate policies. Sustainable development of the region requires to solve three issues: 1) to improve the quality of life of the population; 2) to reduce social inequality; 3) to reduce the anthropogenic pressure on ecosystems. The article analyzes two author’s methods: compiling a sustainable development rating of the Russian Federation’s regions, fully or partially included in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and companies operating in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (Polar Index); development of a sustainable development rating for the regions and companies of the Barents Euro-Arctic Region (Barents-Polar Index). These studies will be useful to representatives of companies and the leadership of the Russian regions to move towards sustainable development based on the “green” economy.
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Zhuk, S. I., and O. D. Shchurevska. "Fetal macrosomia: obstetrical, psychological and social aspects." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 7(153) (September 29, 2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2020.153.36.
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One of the main markers of socially unfavorable pregnancy is anthropometric indicators of newborns. They reflect not only the narrow medical problems of complicated gestation but also social problems in general, the quality and access to the medical care. The objective: to determine the risk factors for fetal macrosomia in pregnancy with high levels of psychosocial stress. Materials and methods. The course of pregnancy and childbirth, demographic and medical risk factors for a fetal macrosomia were analyzed in 140 pregnant women with different levels of psychosocial stress. They were divided into 2 groups: 1 group (main) – 56 women-forced migrants from Luhansk and Donetsk regions, 2 group – 84 women with low and moderate level stress according to the questionnaires and psychological tests (L. Reeder, Spielberg–Khanin scale). Results. Gestational diabetes was the main reason for the birth of heavy children in both groups. Women–forced migrants had late manifestation of impaired tolerance to carbohydrates and a higher frequency of pathological weight gain. Male neonates are at risk for macrosomia. Childbirth in women with macrosomia is accompanied by a high frequency of complications and abnormal births. Conclusions. The frequency of births of macrosomic children in women - forced migrants is higher than in women at low risk of psychosocial stress. Risk factors in this group of pregnants include: the level of stress and behavioral responses to stress, impaired carbohydrate tolerance due to gestational diabetes, abnormal weight gain due to malnutrition and male sex of the fetus. Keywords: macrosomia, pregnancy, childbirth, women–forced migrants psychosocial stress, gestational diabetes, weight gain.
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Sinyavsky, Yuri V., and Elena A. Kirillova. "Intelligent control algorithm for autonomous integrated power plants for Arctic regions." Journal Of Applied Informatics 16, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37791/2687-0649-2021-16-4-74-82.
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The article considers the information and technical aspects of an innovative autonomous integrated power plant management, including alternative energy sources and a diesel generator set, as well as controlled inverters that provide energy supply to consumers of various priority categories, which can be used in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation. The main aspects of creating innovative systems are considered and it is determined that the creation of integrated energy systems requires a significant deepening of cooperation between national producers in order to ensure the scalability of integrated energy systems by ensuring the unity of information means of data exchange between individual modules and the control system. It is shown that a specific requirement for control systems of complex power plants is the requirement of high autonomy, including the ability to provide consumers with electricity under variable environmental conditions without direct intervention of operational personnel. The article substantiates the division of the information and algorithmic support of the control system of a complex power plant into two modules – analytical and control. For the analytical module, an algorithm is proposed that ensures the development of control solutions in a complex energy system, ensuring the stability of energy supply to the most important consumers. At the same time, the algorithm provides an increase in the reliability of the energy storage device based on Li-Ion batteries used in the system not only by eliminating excessive charge and deep discharge, but also by reducing the number of charge/discharge cycles. The solution of system autonomy problem is provided by a multivariate algorithm for predicting weather conditions using statistical data and methods for analyzing fuzzy time series. The intelligent control algorithm was implemented in C++, the weather forecasting algorithms were implemented in Python using the ANFIS library.
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KONDRATOVICH, D. L. "SOME ASPECTS OF STATE FINANCIAL REGULATION AS A BASIS FOR ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5, no. 12 (2020): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.12.05.012.
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The article examines some aspects of state financial regulation of regional development, which is the most important aspect of economic security and is largely associated with the legal features of the regulation of this activity, the implementation of state development programs for the regions of the Arctic zone of Russia (AZRF). The financial regulatory mechanisms are analyzed, which include the system of financial support, tax, budget, investment, insurance and other economic mechanisms. Analysis of the content of the levels and the corresponding mechanisms of state financial regulation made it possible to determine the directions of influence on the subjects of financial regulation. It was established that financial regulation is presented in the form of a set of mechanisms and instruments of influence, which is based on state priorities related to the implementation of an effective financial policy in the Russian Arctic, ensuring the economic security of the regions, and achieving national interests. It was found that direct budget financing is the main mechanism for supporting and stimulating the development of the Russian Arctic. This mechanism is implemented on the basis of state programs of the Russian Federation financed from the federal and regional budgets. It has been established that there is legal uncertainty regarding the issues of financial regulation of the AZRF development. Until now, there is no law "On the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation", which would have fixed the object of state policy in the Arctic, including state financial policy. In the conclusion of the article, it is concluded that there are restrictions on the implementation of programs for the socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Arctic. Direct budget financing does not allow achieving the set goals, therefore, a set of measures is needed to find investors among large state corporations or private and foreign companies.
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SUVOROVA, Irina. "Axiological Preferences of Residents of the Karelian Arctic in the Modern Sociocultural Situation." Arctic and North, no. 41 (December 24, 2020): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2020.41.248.
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The study aims to identify the hierarchy of value dominants in the axiosphere of the Karelian Arctic residents, which has developed under the influence of natural, social, economic, and cultural-historical factors. The methodology used is complex and includes sociological, economic questionnaires, focus groups, and in-depth interviews. The study’s cameral stage is based on an analysis of the empirical stage results conducted during a comprehensive scientific expedition of scientists of Petrozavodsk State University to two Arctic regions of Karelia in the summer of 2019. The most important in the study is the cross-cultural approach, based on comparing the results of a survey of respondents - the Karelian Arctic residents with the “general cultural profile” of S. Schwartz and identifying the level of validity of the applied psychological methodology. During the study, the author’s hypothesis about features in the axiological preferences of the inhabitants of the Arctic zone at the level of dominant indicators is confirmed. At the stage of analysis and synthesis of the empirical stage results, the relationship of preserving human capital in the Arctic regions of Karelia with the identified value dominants of residents’ health and safety is established. Special attention is paid to the influence of the current socio-cultural situation on the formation of the axiosphere of the inhabitants of the Arctic zone, and the conclusion is also made about the need for an integrated scientific approach in determining the prospects for the development of society in the Arctic regions.
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Tkach, Sergye, Natalya Batugina, and Vladimir Gavrilov. "Technological, economic and social aspects of the provision of solid fuels to the Arctic regions of Yakutia." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019203001.
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The article examines the reasons leading to the increase in the price of fuel and energy resources consumed in the Arctic regions of the Yakutia. The paper studies the conditions for the development of coal deposits in the region. It is shown the lack of open cast mines that meet modern criteria for efficient use of small-scale open mining by quality and logistic accessibility. This article determines that with the minimum level of clogging of the hard coal mined and the stabilization of its quality over time, it is possible to efficiently recycle the fuel without other precombustion measures. In the case of development of brown coal deposits, additional enrichment is required after extraction to improve the level of consumables. The paper stresses that development of local small-scale deposits of coal is important direction to improve energetic safety of arctic regions. It is necessary to select the coal mines most suitable for open-cast mining, as close to consumers and also with the best quality indicators. The use of the specified measures of technological and economic management, administrative regulation and improvement of mechanisms of «northern delivery» make it possible to facilitate the creation and operation of new coal mines in the Arctic zone of Yakutia. In turn, this reduce coal delivery periods, its quantity and quality losses in the supply chain, and improve local fuel and energy complexes.
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Milskaya, E. A., O. N. Naumova, A. S. Prischepa, and E. B. Volodarskaya. "Methodological aspects of determining the innovative potential of the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 302 (August 6, 2019): 012095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/302/1/012095.
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Naumenko, Evgeny, Olga Naumenko, Viktoriya Phillips, and Yulia Bortnikova. "Peculiarities of the psychotype of the indigenous peoples of the North in the projection of illegal behavior in the urban environment of the Russian Arctic." E3S Web of Conferences 208 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020804002.
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The article examines the peculiarities of the personality psycho-type of the indigenous peoples of the North, living in the cities of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Arctic) and the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, related to the regions of the Far North. The authors’ attention is drawn to the psychological characteristics that determine the illegal behavior of the indigenous popu-lation. The natural-climatic conditions of the Russian North, its Arctic zone, is very specific and deter¬mines a number of features in the psychological portrait of the personality. The life hood of the inheri-tors and practitioners of traditional culture, taken place in the conditions of an “impoverished living environment,” is distinguished by a specific way of life and perceptions, activities and social stratifica-tions, therefore, imposes a number of conditions and restrictions revealed in the psychological foun-dations of behavior and its law-oriented norms. The same characteristics remain dominant in the transition to an urban environment.
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Crittenden, P. D. "Aspects of the ecology of mat-forming lichens." Rangifer 20, no. 2-3 (March 1, 2000): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.20.2-3.1508.
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Lichen species in the genera Cladonia (subgenus Cladina), Cetraria, Stereocaulon and Alectoria are important vegetation components on well-drained terrain and on elevated micro-sites in peatlands in boreal-Arctic regions. These lichens often form closed mats, the component thalli in which grow vertically upwards at the apices and die off in the older basal regions; they are therefore only loosely attached to the underlying soil. This growth habit is relatively unusual in lichens being found in <0.5% of known species. It might facilitate internal nutrienr recycling and higher growth rates and, together with the production of allelochemicals, it might underlie the considerable ecological success of mat-forming lichens; experiments to critically assess the importance of these processes are required. Mat-forming lichens can constitute in excess of 60% of the winter food intake of caribou and reindeer. Accordingly there is a pressing need for data on lichen growth rates, measured as mass increment, in order to help determine the carrying capacity of winter ranges for rhese herbivores and to better predict recovery rates following grazing. Trampling during the snow-free season fragments lichen thalli; mat-forming lichens regenerate very successfully from thallus fragments provided trampling does nor re-occur. Frequent recurrence of trampling creates disturbed habitats from which lichens will rapidly become eliminated consistent with J.P. Grime's CSR strategy theory. Such damage to lichen ground cover has occurred where reindeer or caribou are unable to migrate away from their winter range such as on small islands or where political boundaries have been fenced; it can also occur on summer range that contains a significant lichen component and on winter range where numbers of migrarory animals become excessive. Species of Stereocaulon, and other genera that contain cyanobacteria (most notably Peltigera and Nephroma), are among the principal agents of nitrogen fixation in boreal-arctic regions. Stereocaulon-dominated subarctic woodlands provide excellent model systems in which to investigate the role of lichens in nitrogen cycling. Mat-forming lichens are sensitive indicators of atmospheric deposition partly because they occur in open situations in which they intercept precipitation and particulates directly with minimal modification by vascular plant overstoreys. Data from both the UK and northern Russia are presented to illustrate geographical relationships between lichen chemistry and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and acidity. The ecology of mat-fotming lichens remains under-researched and good opportunities exist for making significant contributions to this field including areas that relate directly to the management of arctic ungulates.
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Samarina, Vera P., Tatiana P. Skufina, Diana Yu Savon, and Svetlana S. Kudryavtseva. "Technological Windows of Opportunity for Russian Arctic Regions: Modeling and Exploitation Prospects." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 9 (August 25, 2021): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14090400.
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The problems of exploitation of technological windows of opportunity are of particular scientific and practical interest in terms of the development of Russia’s national economy, and the Arctic region, which has a strong mineral and raw materials potential, is important in terms of its use for achieving the technological and national security of the Russian state. Considering this, the study of the theoretical and methodical aspects of the development of emerging technological windows of opportunity is important and relevant for the regions of the Russian Arctic zone. The purpose of this study is to assess the potential and reserves for exploitation of the emerging technological windows of opportunity during the deployment of a new technological order by mobilizing material and human capital in the Arctic regions. Methodological tools for the study of this problem included dynamic series analysis, structural analysis, comparison, description, descriptive statistics, cross-correlation analysis, production function model and its visualization. An analytical review of scientific publications, a set of tools and methods of research, allowed to obtain the following scientific results: A significant variability in the contribution of science-intensive and high-tech industry to the formation of gross value added in the Arctic region has been revealed; meanwhile, we can note stable dynamics of the contribution of the Arctic economy to the gross domestic product (GRP) of Russia as a whole. There is a steady excess of the productivity index over the Russian average, which can be regarded as a potential for growth of high-tech components of labor in the development of the economy of the Arctic region. There is a negative statistically significant relationship between the share of the gross regional product of the Arctic in the Russian GRP and the share of gross value added (GVA) of science-intensive products in the Arctic GRP, which can be regarded as a factor preventing the exploitation of the emerging technological windows of opportunity. The construction of a model of production function of technological windows of opportunities for the Arctic zone of Russia pointed to the presence of potential in the exploitation of emerging technological windows in the Arctic zone of Russia in the development of human capital through the activation and use of high labor productivity, creating high-performance jobs. The results of the study, its findings and its proposals can be used in the development, monitoring and implementation of state federal and regional programs and projects aimed at improving the level of technology and science intensity of production in the Arctic zone, improving its competitiveness, which is highly important for the national economy.
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Velotti, Patrizia, Cecilia Serena Pace, Chiara Petrocchi, and Giulio Cesare Zavattini. "Representations of health, illness and care by Eastern European, South American and Italian nurses: A qualitative study." Journal of Health Psychology 24, no. 5 (December 15, 2016): 640–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105316679247.
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This qualitative study analyses the social representations of health, illness and care, considering the similarities and differences between 30 nurses from different regions. We conducted three intra-ethnic focus groups and two inter-ethnic focus groups. This study shows similarities between the nurses’ representations. All participants believed that the psychological sphere affects individual’s health, that disease is an imbalance between physical and psychological factors and that interpersonal aspects are essential for care. Differences emerged regarding many facets. Eastern European nurses placed more importance on psychological aspects, South American nurses emphasised interpersonal relationships and Italian nurses focused their attention on economic aspects and their impact on health, illness and care.
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Tokarev, A. E. "CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF FUNCTIONAL ZONING OF TEMPORARY RESIDENCE IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF RUSSIA." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 21, no. 4 (August 28, 2019): 76–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-4-76-93.
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Purpose: The aim of this work is to study the environmental issues of northern urban planning and create a conceptual model of the functional zoning of the temporary residence module for the Far North. The purpose includes summary of the problems and threats of protected natural areas, namely the Arctic National Park of Russia; a study of the main historical town-planning of the ideal cities, clarification of aspects of the modern city planning in extreme conditions ; the analysis of the conceptual project “Cities of the Future”, in which the environmental problem is the main requirement for the artificial environment for human life; a description of urban planning principles and space-planning decisions of existing camps in the north of Russia and reveal the significant shortcomings of construction in these conditions ; formulation and systematization of specific requirements for the modern architecture of temporary Arctic settlements; propose a conceptual model of functional zoning of a temporary residence module in the Far North regions.Research findings: A new composition of the Arctic module for temporary residence of the 21st century is considered. A list and zoning scheme of the main and auxiliary premises, united by functional zones is discussed. The requirements for residential, public and technical spaces of the complex are defined and formulated.Practical implications: The proposed temporary residence modules can be used for Arctic regions of Russia. The functional zoning will allow to create a spatial environment of autonomous bioclimatic temporary residence module for the Russian Arctic National Park.
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Magomedov, Arbahan K. "“OLD” AND “NEW” SOCIAL MOBILITY IN THE RUSSIAN NORTH AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF POLAR ISLAM (STUDY OF THE PHENOMENON THROUGH THE COGNITIVE POTENTIAL OF TRANSGRESSION)." ISSUES OF ETHNOPOLITICS, no. 1 (2020): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-7041-2020-1-66-74.
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This work explores one of the most poorly studied aspects of Russian Arctic research: Muslim development in the regions of the rapidly changing Russian North. The concept of the “new Muslin geography of Russia” is introduced in the article to describe how the emergence and development of new Islamic
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Rytova, E. V., and A. S. Lukashina. "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES USING IN THE SELECTION OF PERSONNEL FOR WORK ON ARCTIC TERRITORIES." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 3 (October 7, 2018): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2018-3-55-62.
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The paper deals with the problems of selection of personnel for permanent work in the Arctic and the Far North. Features of the region, severe climatic conditions, require the introduction of multi-level personnel selection systems, since it is necessary to evaluate not only the qualifications of employees, but also their physical and psychological state. Such requirements for personnel predetermine the need to search for employees of the required skills in a wider area, to attract workers from other regions for permanent or temporary work. Thus, there are additional costs associated with the selection of personnel for the regions of the Arctic and the Far North. To solve such problems, it is proposed to introduce new digital recruitment methods that will allow to ensure maximum coverage of the territory of the Russian Federation when searching for employees of the required qualifications, and to reduce the costs of recruitment and selection of personnel. The introduction of digital technologies in this process is very relevant because of addressing the priority tasks of Arctic development, as well as the digitalization of the country’s economy.
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Bregman, B., E. Meijer, and R. Scheele. "Key aspects of stratospheric tracer modeling." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 3 (June 6, 2006): 4375–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-4375-2006.
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Abstract. This study describes key aspects of global chemistry-transport models and the impact on stratospheric tracer transport. We concentrate on global models that use assimilated winds from numerical weather predictions, but the results also apply to tracer transport in general circulation models. We examined grid resolution, numerical diffusion and dispersion of the winds fields, the meteorology update time intervals, update frequency, and time interpolation. For this study we applied the three-dimensional chemistry-transport Tracer Model version 5 (TM5) and a trajectory model and performed several diagnoses focusing on different transport regimes. Covering different time and spatial scales, we examined (1) polar vortex dynamics during the Arctic winter, (2) the large-scale stratospheric meridional circulation, and (3) air parcel dispersion in the tropical lower stratosphere. Tracer distributions inside the Arctic polar vortex show considerably worse agreement with observations when the model grid resolution in the polar region is reduced to avoid numerical instability. Using time interpolated winds improve the tracer distributions only marginally. Considerable improvement is found when the update frequency of the assimilated winds is increased from 6 to 3h, both in the large-scale tracer distribution and the polar regions. It further reduces in particular the vertical dispersion of air parcels in the tropical lower stratosphere. The results in this study demonstrates significant progress in the use of assimilated meteorology in chemistry-transport models, which is important for both short- and long-term integrations.
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Sharma, Surabhi. "Psychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy." Journal of Advanced Research in Psychology & Psychotherapy 03, no. 3&4 (January 16, 2021): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2581.5822.202009.
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A seizure is defined as transient change in neurological functioning which is characterised by hypersynchronous discharges of neurons in the brain regions whereas epilepsy is defined as a syndrome consisting of various recurrent seizures and it is associated with the psychological and neuropathological effects. Early recognition and management of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy is extremely important, because it improves the quality of life and aids in better seizure control. Newer antiepileptics with less interaction with psychotropics and less behavioural manifestations should be used for management of epilepsy; and psychotropics having low potential for lowering seizure threshold are generally preferred. A holistic approach to assess psychiatric comorbidity and judicious use of medicine can help in comprehensive patient care planning and reduced health burden.
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Дядик, Наталья, Natal'ya Dyadik, А. Чапаргина, and A. Chapargina. "On “Green Diplomacy” in the Russian Arctic." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 7, no. 5 (November 7, 2019): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5dad9a01ad4141.25731015.
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The article deals with the issues of search for a compromise interaction between the state and business in the field of environment in the Arctic. The role of “green diplomacy” within the framework of sustainable development was identified. The main aspects of the legal and economic regulation of environmental activities in Russia and strategic documents of the development of the Russian Arctic into the environment were analyzed. A comparative analysis of the mechanisms and instruments of the economic regulation of environmental activities in the EU countries and Russia, as well as analysis of the costs of business and state for environmental purposes in the Arctic regions have been carried out. The main indicators characterizing the relations between state and business in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation are calculated. The results of analysis show that in the Russian practice, despite the plethora of legal acts, economic mechanisms and tools, the task of building a constructive partnership has not yet been solved. To solve the problem the authors proposed a “model of green diplomacy”, which allows to find a compromise between the interests of the state and interests of the business. The point of business environmental responsibility, showing the moment of the formation of a new qualitative order in achieving a balance of their interests, has been determined.
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GORDIENKO, D. V. "MILITARY COMPONENT OF POLICY OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC IN THE STRATEGIC TRIANGLE RUSSIA – CHINA – USA: REGIONAL ASPECTS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 3 (2020): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.03.01.018.
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The article assesses the impact of the military component of the policy of the People's Republic of China in the strategic triangle Russia – China – USA on the implementation of the current Chinese policy in Central Asia, the Asia-Pacific, Euro-Atlantic regions and the Arctic. An approach to the comparative assessment of such influence is proposed, which allows us to identify the priorities of Russia's policy in these regions. The assessment can be used to justify recommendations to the military and political leadership of our country.
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Oanta, Gabriela A. "The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and the Polar Regions." Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 13, no. 3 (November 25, 2014): 286–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718034-12341278.
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The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (itlos) was created by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos) as a mechanism for the settlement of disputes that may arise in relation to the interpretation or application of the provisions of the Convention or of an international agreement regarding the purposes of the Convention. So far, no claim regarding the polar regions as a whole has been brought before the itlos. However, in certain aspects these regions have been present in the activity of the itlos. This article is divided into two main parts. The first part presents an analysis of the present and future activities of the itlos regarding the Arctic. In the second part, the issues referring to the Antarctic lato senso brought to the itlos will be examined. So far, the Antarctic has received greater attention from the itlos than the Arctic.
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KARMANOVSKAYA, Natalia V., Mikhail A. ELESIN, and Tatyana P. BAZELYANSKAYA. "Factors of Human Activities Impact on the Nature in the Arctic Regions." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 11, no. 3 (June 14, 2020): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.3(43).15.
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Ecological monitoring of the environment constitutes the basis for the study of natural objects and an integrated approach to the organization of both production and human activity at large. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the factors that influence human activity on the nature of the Arctic. The leading research methods for this problem are the method of analysing several factors of human activity on the dynamics of changes in nature, including the method of qualitative assessment, during which the general nature of the impact was identified. As a result, continuous observations were made of the state of the atmosphere. The data on the concentration of fine dust obtained from the Norilsk stationary post allow to identify the level of pollution. The assessment of impact factors was carried out, which allowed to determine the extent of impact on nature. The authors also conducted field work and tested 50 biological samples of wild reindeer in West Taimyr using the molecular genetic marker system. The novelty of the study is that organizational and methodological recommendations were developed for conducting production activities. The practical significance of the study is determined by the necessity of implementing the necessary scientific and administrative apparatus for the preparation and implementation of practical measures, since many theoretical aspects for further proposal of measures have not been sufficiently developed.
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Poland, John S., Martin J. Riddle, and Barbara A. Zeeb. "Contaminants in the Arctic and the Antarctic: a comparison of sources, impacts, and remediation options." Polar Record 39, no. 4 (October 2003): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247403002985.
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Contaminants, in freezing ground or elsewhere in the world, are of concern not simply because of their presence but because of their potential for detrimental effects on human health, the biota, or other valued aspects of the environment. Understanding these effects is central to any attempt to manage or remediate contaminated land. The polar regions are different from other parts of the world, and it would be naïve to assume that the mass of information developed in temperate regions can be applied without modification to the polar regions. Despite their obvious environmental similarities, there are important differences between the Arctic and Antarctic. The landmass of the Arctic is much warmer than that of the Antarctic and as a result has a much greater diversity and abundance of flora. Because of its proximity to industrial areas in the Northern Hemisphere, the Arctic also experiences a higher input of contaminants via long-range aerial transport. In addition, the Arctic, with its indigenous population and generally undisputed territorial claims, has long been the subject of resource utilisation, including harvesting of living resources, mineral extraction, and the construction of military infrastructure. The history of human activity in Antarctica is relatively brief, but in this time there has been a series of quite distinct phases, culminating in the Antarctic now holding a unique position in the world. Activities in the Antarctic are governed by the Antarctic Treaty, which contains provisions dealing with environmental matters. The differences between the polar regions and the rest of the world, and between the Arctic and the Antarctic, significantly affect scientific and engineering approaches to the remediation of contamination in polar regions. This paper compares and contrasts the Arctic and Antarctic with respect to geography, configuration, habitation, logistics, environmental guidelines, regulations, and remediation protocols. Chemical contamination is also discussed in terms of its origin and major concerns and interests, particularly with reference to current remediation activities and site-restoration methodology.
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Ordoñez, Ana C., Cecilia M. Bitz, and Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth. "Processes Controlling Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice Predictability in the Community Earth System Model." Journal of Climate 31, no. 23 (December 2018): 9771–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0348.1.
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Sea ice predictability is a rapidly growing area of research, with most studies focusing on the Arctic. This study offers new insights by comparing predictability between the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice anomalies, focusing on the effects of regional differences in ice thickness and ocean dynamics. Predictability in simulated regional sea ice area and volume is investigated in long control runs of an Earth system model. Sea ice area predictability in the Arctic agrees with results from other studies, with features of decaying initial persistence and reemergence because of ocean mixed layer processes and memory in thick ice. In pan-Arctic averages, sea ice volume and the area covered by thick ice are the best predictors of September area for lead times greater than 2 months. In the Antarctic, area is generally the best predictor of future area for all times of year. Predictability of area in summer differs between the hemispheres because of unique aspects of the coupling between area and volume. Generally, ice volume only adds to the predictability of summer sea ice area in the Arctic. Predictability patterns vary greatly among different regions of the Arctic but share similar seasonality among regions of the Antarctic. Interactive ocean dynamics influence anomaly reemergence differently in the Antarctic than the Arctic, both for the total and regional area. In the Antarctic, ocean dynamics generally decrease the persistence of area anomalies, reducing predictability. In the Arctic, the presence of ocean dynamics improves ice area predictability, mainly through mixed layer depth variability.
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Gassiy, Violetta, and Anatoliy Sleptsov. "Russian Arctic ecosystem sustainability in rapid changes and challenges." E3S Web of Conferences 291 (2021): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129102010.
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The issues of the ensuring of the Arctic ecosystem sustainability are considered in the paper. The authors research the main approaches to sustainable development policy implemented by the Arctic countries, including the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is justified by the ongoing rapid changes in the Arctic space lead to negative consequences associated with the safety of human life in the northern regions. The article also substantiates the positive aspects of climate change and their impact on sustainable development. Based on statistical analysis, the authors identify the main trends in socio-economic and environmental changes in the Russian Arctic. The Conclusion outlines the directions for ensuring of ecosystem sustainable development, based on innovation, non-conflict coexistence of northern communities and business, the implementation of a rational state policy based on the balance of the economy, social sphere and natural capital.
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Gapanovich, Anna V., and Maria A. Radion. "Legal Aspects of the Establishment of an Environment of Innovation in the Arctic Regions of the Russian Federation." Jurist 9 (August 22, 2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2018-9-72-77.
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Woldorff, Marty G., Chad J. Hazlett, Harlan M. Fichtenholtz, Daniel H. Weissman, Anders M. Dale, and Allen W. Song. "Functional Parcellation of Attentional Control Regions of the Brain." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, no. 1 (January 2004): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892904322755638.
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Recently, a number of investigators have examined the neural loci of psychological processes enabling the control of visual spatial attention using cued-attention paradigms in combination with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Findings from these studies have provided strong evidence for the involvement of a fronto-parietal network in attentional control. In the present study, we build upon this previous work to further investigate these attentional control systems. In particular, we employed additional controls for nonattentional sensory and interpretative aspects of cue processing to determine whether distinct regions in the fronto-parietal network are involved in different aspects of cue processing, such as cue-symbol interpretation and attentional orienting. In addition, we used shorter cue-target intervals that were closer to those used in the behavioral and event-related potential cueing literatures. Twenty participants performed a cued spatial attention task while brain activity was recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found functional specialization for different aspects of cue processing in the lateral and medial subregions of the frontal and parietal cortex. In particular, the medial subregions were more specific to the orienting of visual spatial attention, while the lateral subregions were associated with more general aspects of cue processing, such as cue-symbol interpretation. Additional cue-related effects included differential activations in midline frontal regions and pretarget enhancements in the thalamus and early visual cortical areas.
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Gaupseth, Silje. "A Hero in the Friendly Arctic: Deconstructing Vilhjalmur Stefansson's Rhetorical Maneuver." Nordlit 16, no. 1 (May 1, 2012): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.2302.
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The article deals with Arctic explorer and anthropologist Vilhjalmur Stefansson's self-presentation in the expedition account The Friendly Arctic: The Story of Five Years in Polar Regions (1921), which tells the story of his travels and trials in the Canadian High Arctic in the years between 1913-1918. The account has been considered a key text to Stefansson's Arctic career, and provides a textbook example of his characteristic theory of living off the country in the so-called Eskimo way. Against the background of Stefansson's debated position as Arctic expert and visionary, I ask if it is possible to read the kind of criticism with which Stefansson frequently was met as rooted in some of the narrative aspects of his account. The narrative persona or implied author is a central element in the literature of exploration, as several literary scholars have pointed out. My reading is centred around the implied author of The Friendly Arctic, which I argue must be read in light of the sometimes conflicting roles given to Stefansson as protagonist and narrator in his own story. Close-readings of passages from the account raise the dilemma of how it is possible to present oneself as a hero in an essentially friendly Arctic.
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Sharok, V. V., Yu А. Yakovleva, and N. A. Vakhnin. "Dynamics of Students’ Ideas about the Work in the Arctic." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 30, no. 4 (May 4, 2021): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-4-112-119.
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The article presents the results of the longitudinal study, which was conducted during the years 2018 and 2019 and aimed to identify changes in the assessment of certain socio-economic and psychological aspects of working and living in the Arctic by students of different courses. Special attention was paid to such factors as transport and social infrastructure, working conditions, wages, social guarantees, the climate, health status, the psychological atmosphere in a team, the possibility of self-realization. The sample population at the first stage of the study was 618 people (2018). After bringing the 2019-sample in line with the parameters of the 2018-sample, 337 students’ questionnaires were analyzed in the second stage. The main research method was a questionnaire survey, the results of which were statistically processed using such methods as the qualitative analysis of the empirical data, the analysis of primary statistics, the analysis of contingency tables (for nominative data), comparative and variance analyses (for metric data). The software “Statistica” was used for statistical processing. The main results of the study, first of all, include an increase in internal motivation to work in the Arctic among the students from the 2019-sample: they, to a greater extent, compared to junior students, emphasize the need for personal interest in work. The analysis of the answers of the respondents in year 2019 showed an increasing role of wages and the understanding of difficult climate conditions and the associated difficulties of living in deciding whether to work in the Arctic. In other words, the longitudinal study, implemented during the years 2018 and 2019, recorded the obvious increase in motivation, as well as the increase in the requirements for working and living conditions in the harsh Arctic climate among the surveyed students during their transition to the senior year.
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Evans, Ian S., and Nicholas J. Cox. "Climatogenic north–south asymmetry of local glaciers in Spitsbergen and other parts of the Arctic." Annals of Glaciology 51, no. 55 (2010): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756410791392682.
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AbstractAlthough World Glacier Inventory (WGI) data for 241 local glaciers (>1 km2 in area) in Svalbard show a mean aspect of 014˚ ± 24˚, their mid-altitudes are lowest for an aspect of 109˚ ± 46˚, which is inconsistent. Further data are generated here for the altitude, length and source aspect of 205 local glaciers (0.3–6.0 km long) in the main area of local glaciation in Svalbard, Nordenskiöld Land. All four mountain blocks have mean glacier source aspects of 356˚ to 018˚; the overall mean is 011˚ ± 8˚. Mid-altitudes are lowest at 042˚ ±21˚, predicted to be 53 m lower than on opposite aspects. Lowest altitudes are predicted at 009˚ to 030˚, averaging 157 m lower than on opposite aspects. These results show that local, land-terminating glaciers around 78˚ N are affected more by north-south radiation receipt contrasts than by wind effects, consistent with the trend found across most other Arctic regions. It is concluded that, although weaker than in mid-latitudes, contrasts due to slope climates are substantial even in Arctic glaciers. This is apparent only when small, steep glaciers are inventoried: WGI data are incomplete and users need to check the thresholds of coverage.
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Smitas, Andrius, and Loreta Gustainiene. "Psychological aspects of well-being and socio-demographic values: results from European Social Survey." Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v6i3.1447.
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The aim of the study is to explore links between happiness, optimism, resilience and meaningfulness, and socio-demographic factors in 25 European countries. Research methods. Experts-generated single-item questions from European Social Survey round 6 were used to assess happiness, optimism, resilience, meaningfulness in life. Results. Greater number of years of completed education relates to higher scores of happiness, optimism, meaningfulness and resilience in most European countries. However, in Western Europe and Scandinavian countries age does not relate or positively relates with psychological aspects of well-being, however in most Post-Soviet countries this relationship is negative.
Conclusions. Happiness, optimism, meaningfulness and resilience in most European countries were related to age and years of completed education with no specific differences between regions.
Keywords: optimism; resilience; happiness; meaningfulness; demographics
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Malkidis, T. "Aspects of the Transition Period in Russia and Cyprus (1991-2004)." Journal of Law and Administration 15, no. 4 (January 30, 2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2019-4-53-28-38.
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The Russian Federation covers 17.045.000 square kilometres, has a population of 147.000.000 individuals and a national composition of 81,5% Russians, Ukrainians, Tatarians, etc. It shares borders with Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, and Mongolia and it has shores in the Northern Arctic Ocean, the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea. The regime of the Russian Federation is presidential democracy and the president is elected every six years by the citizens1. The Federal Assembly is constituted by two bodies, Duma with 450 members, who are elected for a five-year tenure, half of whom in uninominal regions and the rest with proportional representation of parties. The capital of the Russian Federation is Moscow and other important cities are Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Krasnodar, Vladivostok, and Nizhny Novgorod. Administratively, Russia is divided into 85 administrative units.
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Nikulchev, Evgeny, Dmitry Ilin, Anastasiya Silaeva, Pavel Kolyasnikov, Vladimir Belov, Andrey Runtov, Pavel Pushkin, et al. "Digital Psychological Platform for Mass Web-Surveys." Data 5, no. 4 (October 5, 2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data5040095.
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Web-surveys are one of the most popular forms of primary data collection used for various researches. However, mass surveys involve some challenges. It is required to consider different platforms and browsers, as well as different data transfer rates using connections in different regions of the country. Ensuring guaranteed data delivery in these conditions should determine the right choice of technologies for implementing web-surveys. The paper describes the solution to transfer a questionnaire to the client side in the form of an archive. This technological solution ensures independence from the data transfer rate and the stability of the communication connection with significant survey filling time. The conducted survey benefited the service of education psychologists under the federal Ministry of Education. School psychologists consciously took part in the survey, realizing the importance of their opinion for organizing and improving their professional activities. The desire to answer open-ended questions in detail created a part of the answers in the dataset, where there were several sentences about different aspects of professional activity. An important challenge of the problem is the Russian language, for which there are not as many tools as for the languages more widespread in the world. The survey involved 20,443 school psychologists from all regions of the Russian Federation, both from urban and rural areas. The answers did not contain spam, runaround answers, and so on as evidenced by the average response time. For the surveys, an authoring development tool DigitalPsyTools.ru was used.
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Bushuk, Mitchell, Dimitrios Giannakis, and Andrew J. Majda. "Arctic Sea Ice Reemergence: The Role of Large-Scale Oceanic and Atmospheric Variability*." Journal of Climate 28, no. 14 (July 13, 2015): 5477–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00354.1.
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Abstract Arctic sea ice reemergence is a phenomenon in which spring sea ice anomalies are positively correlated with fall anomalies, despite a loss of correlation over the intervening summer months. This work employs a novel data analysis algorithm for high-dimensional multivariate datasets, coupled nonlinear Laplacian spectral analysis (NLSA), to investigate the regional and temporal aspects of this reemergence phenomenon. Coupled NLSA modes of variability of sea ice concentration (SIC), sea surface temperature (SST), and sea level pressure (SLP) are studied in the Arctic sector of a comprehensive climate model and in observations. It is found that low-dimensional families of NLSA modes are able to efficiently reproduce the prominent lagged correlation features of the raw sea ice data. In both the model and observations, these families provide an SST–sea ice reemergence mechanism, in which melt season (spring) sea ice anomalies are imprinted as SST anomalies and stored over the summer months, allowing for sea ice anomalies of the same sign to reappear in the growth season (fall). The ice anomalies of each family exhibit clear phase relationships between the Barents–Kara Seas, the Labrador Sea, and the Bering Sea, three regions that compose the majority of Arctic sea ice variability. These regional phase relationships in sea ice have a natural explanation via the SLP patterns of each family, which closely resemble the Arctic Oscillation and the Arctic dipole anomaly. These SLP patterns, along with their associated geostrophic winds and surface air temperature advection, provide a large-scale teleconnection between different regions of sea ice variability. Moreover, the SLP patterns suggest another plausible ice reemergence mechanism, via their winter-to-winter regime persistence.
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Аndreeva, Julija V. "TOPICAL ISSUES OF STUDYING SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC." Issues of Ethnopolitics, no. 4 (2020): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-7041-2020-4-18-26.
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The article analyses the most relevant aspects of Arctic research, which are gaining momentum in recent years. The most dynamic thematic ar- eas include the humanitarian issues of the development of the Russian North. The research focuses on the assessment of the peculiarities of the formation and reproduction of human capital in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation the development of the creative and intellectual potential of Russian polar cities. The author notes that research into the social well-being of the population of the Rus- sian Northern regions has become an important direction of research work carried out over the past decades. In studies of the social well-being of the inhabitant of the Arctic region, the authors problematize the key “zones of disadvantage” in the system of assessing the population, and, first of all, the issues of protection from those social dangers that the population find for itself. Summarizing the state of the Arctic research, the author proposes to move away from overly localized coverage of Arctic problems. Large-scale sociological works, which, in our opin- ion, have a certain substantial scientific potential, provided that they are fully implemented, it seems, are now at the stage of their theoretical conceptualization and methodological search.
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Chudesov, V. V. "Changing international conditions for the development of Russian regions: state, problems, prospects." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 95, no. 2 (2021): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2021-95-2-66-72.
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The article in the form of an expert opinion considers a number of aspects contained in the Message of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin to the Federal Assembly. The author emphasizes that strengthening of Russia's position in the international arena consists of combined activities of the all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The article draws attention to the fact that strengthening positions of the regions and their contribution to the development of the country is a process related to improving interaction between the federal center and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the article highlights some aspects that reveal interaction of the federal center and regions in the issues of great and promising international importance. These include: development of the Arctic zone; issues related to environmental protection, especially preservation of the Far-Eastern taiga, solving complexes of the issues related to the great Amur River; development of the Russian part of the Big Ussuri Island. The author emphasizes that special aspect of international issues for this territory of the country is related to the fact that Russia is represented as a whole in the Asia-Pacific region by the Far-Eastern federal district.
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Solomon, Amy, Céline Heuzé, Benjamin Rabe, Sheldon Bacon, Laurent Bertino, Patrick Heimbach, Jun Inoue, et al. "Freshwater in the Arctic Ocean 2010–2019." Ocean Science 17, no. 4 (August 17, 2021): 1081–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1081-2021.
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Abstract. The Arctic climate system is rapidly transitioning into a new regime with a reduction in the extent of sea ice, enhanced mixing in the ocean and atmosphere, and thus enhanced coupling within the ocean–ice–atmosphere system; these physical changes are leading to ecosystem changes in the Arctic Ocean. In this review paper, we assess one of the critically important aspects of this new regime, the variability of Arctic freshwater, which plays a fundamental role in the Arctic climate system by impacting ocean stratification and sea ice formation or melt. Liquid and solid freshwater exports also affect the global climate system, notably by impacting the global ocean overturning circulation. We assess how freshwater budgets have changed relative to the 2000–2010 period. We include discussions of processes such as poleward atmospheric moisture transport, runoff from the Greenland Ice Sheet and Arctic glaciers, the role of snow on sea ice, and vertical redistribution. Notably, sea ice cover has become more seasonal and more mobile; the mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet increased in the 2010s (particularly in the western, northern, and southern regions) and imported warm, salty Atlantic waters have shoaled. During 2000–2010, the Arctic Oscillation and moisture transport into the Arctic are in-phase and have a positive trend. This cyclonic atmospheric circulation pattern forces reduced freshwater content on the Atlantic–Eurasian side of the Arctic Ocean and freshwater gains in the Beaufort Gyre. We show that the trend in Arctic freshwater content in the 2010s has stabilized relative to the 2000s, potentially due to an increased compensation between a freshening of the Beaufort Gyre and a reduction in freshwater in the rest of the Arctic Ocean. However, large inter-model spread across the ocean reanalyses and uncertainty in the observations used in this study prevent a definitive conclusion about the degree of this compensation.
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Smith, Abigail, Alexandra Jahn, and Muyin Wang. "Seasonal transition dates can reveal biases in Arctic sea ice simulations." Cryosphere 14, no. 9 (September 14, 2020): 2977–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2977-2020.
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Abstract. Arctic sea ice experiences a dramatic annual cycle, and seasonal ice loss and growth can be characterized by various metrics: melt onset, breakup, opening, freeze onset, freeze-up, and closing. By evaluating a range of seasonal sea ice metrics, CMIP6 sea ice simulations can be evaluated in more detail than by using traditional metrics alone, such as sea ice area. We show that models capture the observed asymmetry in seasonal sea ice transitions, with spring ice loss taking about 1–2 months longer than fall ice growth. The largest impacts of internal variability are seen in the inflow regions for melt and freeze onset dates, but all metrics show pan-Arctic model spreads exceeding the internal variability range, indicating the contribution of model differences. Through climate model evaluation in the context of both observations and internal variability, we show that biases in seasonal transition dates can compensate for other unrealistic aspects of simulated sea ice. In some models, this leads to September sea ice areas in agreement with observations for the wrong reasons.
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Myakshin, Vladimir N., Alexander E. Shaparov, and Daria V. Tikhanova. "Improving the Assessment of the Tourism Potential of the Russian Arctic." Economy of Region 17, no. 1 (March 2021): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-1-18.
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The development of the domestic tourism market, including the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, is important for overcoming the consequences of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A comprehensive and reliable methodology for assessing the tourism potential is necessary for effective decision making and attracting tourists. Based on the analysis of international and Russian experience of assessing tourist destinations, we identified the shortcomings of the existing methods and substantiated the necessity of a nuanced approach to assessing the tourism potential of regions using authors’ balanced scorecard. Our methodology relies on the balanced approach, demonstrating the compliance of the assessment results with the interests of tourism stakeholders. The developed method considers information needs and main interests of tourists, business representatives, regional population and authorities. Based on key parameters of the tourism potential of the Arctic zone, we defined the structure of the balanced scorecard (economic, infrastructural and cultural-natural aspects) using systems and structural-functional analysis. Further, using the multivariate mean (with target values of indicators as a standardised coefficient), we calculated integral indicators, eliminating the influence of dynamics of other regions on the assessment results. Structural and comparative analysis of a matrix of integral indicators allowed us to examine the dynamics of the tourism potential of the Russian Arctic and ways to improve it (on the example of Arkhangelsk oblast). Correlation analysis of the relations between the tourism potential and tourist flows within a time lag confirms the reliability of the developed methodology. Research results can be used by authorities managing the Russian Arctic for identifying the ways to increase its tourism potential
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Wang, Zeng. "Study on Landscape Art Design of Residential Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.683.
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Residential area is the place which is closely relationship with our daily life, the landscape design of residential area must not only meet people's physiological needs, but also meet the the psychological needs of people of different regions, different classes and different ages. That is to say, the humanized design residential area are required to be people-oriented, and to meet people's needs from the material and spiritual, physical and psychological aspects and to create a safe, comfortable and pleasant living space. When conducting the residential landscape art design, ecology, rich spiritual nourishment and cultural value should be taken into consideration.