Journal articles on the topic 'Archives Victoria Use studies'
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1
Craig, Lydia. "An Overview of Digital Resources for the Study of Victorian Fiction." Dickens Studies Annual 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/dickstudannu.53.1.0070.
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ABSTRACT Utilizing open-access, institutional, and subscription-only digital databases for research can advance studies in Victorian literature. Despite occasional issues with sample size, barriers to access, or bad OCR, these databases hold unprecedented quantities of nineteenth-century literature awaiting scrutiny, as indicated by research examples provided. Several long-standing or recent projects on the novel, literary culture, or race in the Victorian era are discussed in terms of their application for personal research and classroom instruction. Among these are the recently unveiled databases One More Voice and Undisciplining the Victorian Classroom, which bring non-European perspectives to the forefront of discourse in answer to the recent call to center and engage with marginalized nineteenth-century voices previously buried in archives due to racial difference. Primary sources, by offering new perspectives on life in the nineteenth century, can now enrich both scholarship and academic syllabi. Digital scans, if defined as free access or fair use, can be requisitioned for groundbreaking projects centered around literary writing, publication, and culture, or historical inquiry.
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Gessner, Ingrid, Miriam Nandi, and Juliane Schwarz-Bierschenk. "MatteRealities: Historical Trajectories and Conceptual Futures for Material Culture Studies." Open Cultural Studies 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2019-0027.
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Abstract “No ideas but in things!” William Carlos Williams’s leitmotif for the modernist epic Paterson seems to anticipate the current renewal of academic attention to the materialities of culture: When the Smithsonian Institution accounts for The History of America in 101 Objects (Kurin) or when Neil MacGregor, designated director of the Humboldt Forum in Berlin, aims at telling The History of the World in 100 Objects (2011), they use specimens of material culture as register and archive of human activity. Individual exhibitions explore the role of objects in movements for social and political change (Disobedient Objects, Victoria and Albert Museum, London). Large-scale national museum projects like the new Humboldt Forum in Berlin or the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C., draw attention to the long existence of collections in Western institutions of learning and reveal the inherently political character of material culture—be that by underscoring the importance of institutional recognition of particular identities or by debates about provenance and restitution of human remains and status objects. The plethora of objects assembled in systematic as well as idiosyncratic collections within and outside the university is just beginning to be systematically explored for their roles in learning and education, funded by national research organizations such as the German BMBF.1 In theatrical performances, things function as discussion prompts in biographical work (Aufstand der Dinge, Schauspielhaus Chemnitz) or unfold their potential to induce a bodily experience (The Force of Things: An Opera for Objects, GK Arts Center, Brooklyn, NY). Things are present: as heritage, as commodities, as sensation; they circulate in processes of cognition and mediation, they transcend temporal and spatial distantiations. Things figure in narration and performance, in our everyday life practices, in political activism. They build knowledge of ourselves and others, influence the ways in which we interact with our fellow human beings, and in which we express or control our feelings. They combine the apparently concrete and the fleetingly abstract. Overall, things make us do things.
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Standfield, Rachel. "Archives of Protection." Pacific Historical Review 87, no. 1 (2018): 54–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2018.87.1.54.
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Aboriginal Protectorates operated in the late 1830s and 1840s in the Port Phillip District of New South Wales (later to become the colony of Victoria) in Australia and New Zealand. This article examines a small selection of the extensive archive of Port Phillip and New Zealand Protectorates to illustrate the ways that language and communication work within colonial projects to support and extend colonial authority. Examining language acquisition by Protectors, it places attitudes to and use of Indigenous languages within the context of colonialism in each site, arguing that Indigenous voices in New Zealand were co-opted, and in Port Phillip were marginalised, in the service of divergent approaches to dispossessing Indigenous peoples from their land. The article also explores glimpses of Māori or Aboriginal experiences of humanitarianism, colonisation, and dispossession captured in this archive.
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Mattison, Laci, and Rachel Tait-Ripperdan. "Digital Archives and the Literature Classroom." Pedagogy 22, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15314200-9576485.
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Abstract This article describes the implementation of and assessment findings for a digital archival assignment in the 3000-level Victorian Literature and Culture course at Florida Gulf Coast University. The assignment utilized ProQuest's database, Queen Victoria's Journals, which comprises the extant journals of Queen Victoria, and demonstrated the value of primary historical research and digital archives in enhancing student content knowledge, information literacy, and critical thinking.
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Mitchell, Ian. "Ethical shopping in late Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 7, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 310–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-08-2014-0021.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the significance and limitations of ethical shopping in Britain in the period between the 1880s and 1914 and, in particular, the use of white lists as a means of encouraging consumers only to buy goods produced in satisfactory working conditions. Design/methodology/approach – A brief survey of earlier examples of ethical shopping provides the context for a discussion of the published prospectus of the “Consumers” League’. Unpublished records of the Christian Social Union (CSU), supplemented by newspaper reports, are used to examine the rationale for white lists, their creation and effectiveness. Findings – The paper demonstrates that, contrary to what has generally been thought, consumers’ leagues originated in Britain not the USA. The CSU was not ineffective but provided an ethical and religious rationale for consumer activism. It was also responsible for the creation of white lists in several towns and cities in Britain and promoted the concept of preferential buying. CSU activity helped shape public opinion, but sustained improvements to working conditions also required effective trade unions and government intervention. Research limitations/implications – Relatively few CSU branch records survive and this precludes a comprehensive survey of its role in ethical shopping. Originality/value – The British consumer movement in this period has been little studied and often dismissed. By making use of archives, particularly CSU branch records, that have generally been ignored, the paper demonstrates that ethical shopping mattered and deserves more attention. It also highlights the importance of setting this in a wider context, particularly trade unionism and co-operation.
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Harris, Tim. "The Scientific Use of Archives: Case Studies from London Metropolitan Archives Highlighting the Importance of STEM." Atlanti 26, no. 2 (October 25, 2016): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33700/2670-451x.26.2.247-253(2016).
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This paper illustrates the scientific uses for which archives can be a major contributing factor in the fields of education and research. For too long archives have only been the preserve of the historian but there are many more uses and factors of relevance to today’s modern world. This paper reveals some of the ways that archives have been unlocked and used more widely by different groups of researchers. Whilst historians and genealogists have concentrated their studies on names and places, there are many more uses for archives to explain some of the complexities and specialisms of human activity. London Metropolitan Archives (LMA) has sought to extend the use of its City archive collections in new ways which could be made relevant to broad subject areas known as STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). The archives believed that historical sources could add depth to the teaching of subjects like science.
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Barros, Amon. "Archives and the “Archive”: dialogue and an agenda of research in organization studies." Organizações & Sociedade 23, no. 79 (December 2016): 609–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-9230795.
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Abstract This text considers the “Archive” as a concept and a transitional space and to bring together discussions from history and organizations in relation to theoretical and methodological concerns involving the use of archives. It sets out from the supposition that broadening our understanding of these terms may support historical research in Management to advance new questions about of a range of objects, including documents and archives. During this process we focus on the changes brought about by advances in information technology, particularly the internet, and put forward certain considerations concerning Organization Studies that rely on archives. The conclusion indicates that archives and the Archive are constituent elements of practices and structures, and that the field would benefit from a research agenda that took into consideration: 1) greater methodological awareness about the implications of the use of documents and archives; 2) discussions about organizations that archive and how archives shape practices within these organizations; 3) studies of already available documents, including those online; 4) an interrogation of knowledge in Management in relation to Archives.
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Robertson, Elizabeth. "'Archive Man'." Critical Survey 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cs.2019.310303.
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The writer-director Stephen Poliakoff’s thematic concerns with history and memory have repeatedly returned to the archive as a site of discovery. Poliakoff’s use, and exploration, of archives in his work has coincided with a marked rise in mainstream cultural engagement with archives for personal use, as well as an archival turn in literary scholarship. This article explores the different types of archive and archival material found in Poliakoff’s dramas for stage and screen, mapping the topography of public and private archives in his work, in turn revealing the commentaries these dramas are making about how we create and use archives, and who and what they are for.
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Herrera, Ricardo García, Rolando R. García, M. Rosario Prieto, Emiliano Hernández, Luis Gimeno, and Henry F. Díaz. "THE USE OF SPANISH HISTORICAL ARCHIVES TO RECONSTRUCT CLIMATE VARIABILITY." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 84, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 1025–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-84-8-1025.
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Spanish historical archives contain a vast store of information about Spain and its former colonies in America and Asia. Some searches for climate-related information within these archives have been undertaken recently, but they have been by no means exhaustive. This paper discusses the principal archives and shows, by means of several examples, that they exhibit a high potential for inferring past climate over a wide range of timescales and geographical areas. Extraction of such information is often time consuming, and requires a combination of archival, historical, and climatological expertise, and the development of individualized methodologies to fit each situation and type of data. In spite of these difficulties, the archives can be particularly useful in many cases where there are no alternative sources of climate data. Thus, the complexities of the multidisciplinary effort required should not discourage other researchers from undertaking similar studies.
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Degtyareva, Irina A. "DIGITIZATION OF ARCHIVAL RECORDS. A SOLVED TASK OR A TASK OF THE FUTURE." History and Archives, no. 4 (2022): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-6541-2022-4-122-135.
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The paper considers the history and current state of the process of digitization of analog documents in the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of the current issues of digitization of analog documents in foreign countries and in Russia is carried out. The basis for the research is composed by the articles of Russian and foreign experts, which highlight the experience of archives in digitizing analog documents. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to conduct a largescale discussion by the archivists of federal state archives and the archives of the subjects of the Russian Federation of the current issues connected with the process of digitization of analog documents. The accumulated experience of digitizing analog documents in Russia shows that the most important issues for activating the process of high-quality digitization of analog documents, directly related to the possibility of their subsequent use, are the issues related to the creation of a unified state digitization program, among the tasks of which there can be: the need to summarize the work done in that direction in the regions; the identification of the “pain points” (in particular, the need to create a unified regulatory and methodological framework); the consideration of financing issues that will allow the archives to be provided with qualified IT specialists and the necessary equipment; the possibility of concluding contracts with the third-party organizations that might be responsible for the digitization entrusted to them; etc. Archives for the most part have not yet faced the issues of accepting initially digital documents for state storage. It is necessary to use the existing situation to resolve the accumulated difficulties with digitization that require the discussion at the all-Russia level. After all, until now, an average of about 5% of documents in need of digitization have only been digitized in the archives. Thus, if one proceeds from the number of digitized analog documents indicated by the regional archives, the challenges of digitization have not lost their relevance
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Carbajal, Itza A., and Michelle Caswell. "Critical Digital Archives: A Review from Archival Studies." American Historical Review 126, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 1102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhab359.
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Abstract Given the blurring of boundaries between historians and archivists in the digital realm, this article urges historians to pay more attention to discussions surrounding digital records and archival practices emerging from critical archival studies. More specifically, this article identifies and summarizes seven key themes and corresponding debates about digital records in contemporary archival studies scholarship: (1) materiality, (2) appraisal, (3) context, (4) use, (5) scale, (6) relationships, and (7) sustainability. A deeper knowledge of digital archival theory and practice—how records came to be in digital archives, the infrastructures that maintain them, and the tools necessary to provide access to and context for them—is not ancillary to historical work, but provides important context to do digital history better.
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Bonate, Liazzat J. K. "The use of the Arabic script in northern Mozambique." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 45, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.45i1.4484.
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Northern Mozambican Muslim population has been using the Arabic script for writing in KiSwahili and local African languages for centuries. Even today, many people continue using this script in private correspondence. Despite the abundance of the documents in this script that are housed at the Mozambique Historical Archives as well as in private hands, these documents have never been addressed or researched either from linguistic, historical, cultural or religious vantage points. For the last seven years, the Archives have been trying to draw attention of the scholars and obtain funds for the preservation and research of the documents. In this article two short letters from the collection of the Mozambique Historical Archives are transcribed and translated with the help of a local shaykh who was educated within the regional historical Islamic literacy tradition. Then, the content and the protagonists of the letters were identified and analyzed with the reference to the historical context and the events of the time. Besides serving as the evidence for historical occurrences, the letters also provide a general public with a unique opportunity of “hearing the voices” of the authors and in their own words (in first person).
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Calver, Mike. "Archives and conservation biology." Pacific Conservation Biology 18, no. 4 (2012): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pcv18n4_edi.
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IN a previous editorial in Pacific Conservation Biology, (PCB 2012, 18(2), p.68), I referred to recent papers in the insect conservation literature that made use of decades-old data sets to establish longterm changes in the species richness and abundance of insect groups in grasslands in eastern Germany. This is a signficant example of the lasting value of descriptive data sets. In this issue’s guest editorial, Sebastian Schuch, one of the authors of the recent papers, describes how he came to find the original studies and their value in documenting long-term change in insect communities.
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Calver, Mike. "Archives and conservation biology." Pacific Conservation Biology 19, no. 1 (2013): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pcv19n1_edi.
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IN a previous editorial in Pacific Conservation Biology, (PCB 2012, 18(2), p.68), I referred to recent papers in the insect conservation literature that made use of decades-old data sets to establish longterm changes in the species richness and abundance of insect groups in grasslands in eastern Germany. This is a signficant example of the lasting value of descriptive data sets. In this issue’s guest editorial, Sebastian Schuch, one of the authors of the recent papers, describes how he came to find the original studies and their value in documenting long-term change in insect communities.
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Jonker, Gerdien, Isabel Elbel, Arne Klein, Jule Klopke, Stephanie Müssig, Jens Schönstedt, and Victoria Ulbricht. "Turkish Mosque Archives in Industrial Towns in Southern Germany: An Ethnographic Survey." Journal of Muslims in Europe 11, no. 3 (November 29, 2022): 369–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22117954-bja10062.
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Abstract Starting from the thesis that European mosque archives offer important sources for the history of Muslims and Islam in Europe, this contribution presents results of a pilot survey into the whereabouts of mosque archives in Germany. Focusing on five small towns in industrial zones where predominantly Turkish contract workers have settled, we asked Turkish mosque administrators, chairmen and imams how they had handled papers in the past, whether and where they had stored folders that were not in use anymore, and what kind of documents their collections contained. What we found were various archival records in a wide and unexpected range of places. We also learned that our questions prompted very different reactions. Umbrella organisations understood their archives as tools for preserving the written sources documenting their origins, whereas local administrators tended to see them as records of their personal memories. Our conclusion is that the time is ripe for the development of knowledge about mosque archives in Germany and, with regard to the founding generation, this is of crucial importance.
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Brekke, Torkel. "Bones of Contention: Buddhist Relics, Nationalism and the Politics of Archaeology." Numen 54, no. 3 (2007): 270–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852707x211564.
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AbstractRelics of Sāriputta and Moggallāna, two of the Buddha's closest disciples, were discovered by Fred. C. Maisey and Alexander Cunningham in a stūpa at Sānchī in 1851 and were re-enshrined at the same place in November 1952. The exact whereabouts of the relics between these two dates has been uncertain, partly because both Buddhists and scholars have assumed, incorrectly, that the relics that were brought back to India had been in the possession of Mr Cunningham. The purpose of this article is to give a detailed account ot the relics of Sāriputta and Moggallāna found at Sānchī. The account is based on correspondence and notes about the relics found in archives of the Victoria & Albert Museum, London, and on relevant sources published by the Maha Bodhi Society. I argue that the quarrel over the relics was an important part of the revival of Buddhism from the end of the nineteenth century. I also discuss how the relics of the two saints were used by the government of India as nationalist symbols.
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Khimina, Nina I. "THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF COLLECTING THE DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE AND CREATING THE STATE ARCHIVAL FUND OF THE USSR IN 1917–1930S." History and Archives, no. 4 (2021): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-6541-2021-4-82-99.
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The article examines the history of collecting documentary and cultural heritage since 1917 and the participation of archives, museums and libraries in the creation of the Archival Fund of the country. In the 1920s and 1930s, archival institutions were established through the efforts of outstanding representatives of Russian culture. At the same period, the structure and activities of the museums created earlier in the Russian state in the 18th – 19th centuries were improved. The new museums that had been opened in various regions of Russia received rescued archival funds, collections and occasional papers. It is shown that during this period there was a discussion about the differentiation of the concepts of an “archive”, “library” and a “museum”. The present work reveals the difficulties in the interaction between museums, libraries and archives in the process of saving the cultural heritage of the state and arranging archival documents; the article also discusses the problems and complications in the formation of the State Archival Fund of the USSR. During this period, the development of normative and methodological documents regulating the main areas of work on the description and registration of records received by state repositories contributed to a more efficient use and publication of the documents stored in the state archives. It is noted that museums and libraries had problems connected with the description of the archival documents accepted for storage, with record keeping and the creation of the finding aids for them, as well as with the possibilities of effective use of the papers. The documents of the manuscript departments of museums and libraries have become part of the unified archival heritage of Russia and, together with the state archives, they now provide information resources for conducting various kinds of historical research.
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Nyawacha, S. O., V. Meta, and A. Osio. "SPATIAL TEMPORAL MAPPING OF SPREAD OF WATER HYACINTH IN WINUM GULF, LAKE VICTORIA." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 28, 2021): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-341-2021.
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Abstract. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an invasive hydro plant that invaded the waters of Lake Victoria and has since been spreading rapidly affecting the socio-economic livelihood of the community around the Lake. The weed's rapid spread is due to various anthropogenic activities in the surrounding environment among them being the eutrophication of the lake waters.This study aims at using remote sensing applications and presenting the results of the analysis of the water hyacinth Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), water extent, and analysis of correlation with the water quality over time from Sentinel 2 satellite imagery in January 2017 to January of 2021. The analysis aims at understanding the vegetation growth coverage in the five years and sets the basis of monthly predictive modelling of the behavior of water hyacinth. Predictive modelling applies historical statistical data while trying to use trend analysis in predicting the future behavior of a phenomenon. This study also seeks to answer the research question of the role of suspended sediments and dissolved minerals in abating the spread of and growth of water hyacinth.
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Ray, Robert C. "No One Has Ever Seen God: The Use of Religious Archives for Nonreligious Purposes." Journal of Religious & Theological Information 7, no. 3-4 (April 2009): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10477840902783010.
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Mukherjee, Rila. "Cannons for the Coast: Reading Seventeenth-Century Southeast Bengal from the Maldives Islands." Asian Review of World Histories 10, no. 2 (July 29, 2022): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340120.
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Abstract Professor Shigeru Akita’s important publications focus on British imperial history and global history, and highlight his use of the copious colonial archives. While not denying the importance of colonial archives for scholars, this essay explores the role of precolonial archives in understanding the history of a person, place, or region, underlining the archives’ importance but also pointing to some of the difficulties associated with their use when southeast Bengal of the early seventeenth-century is the topic. Moving away from the dispatches, letters, and consultations that constitute the “reality” of colonial South Asia, and using early modern travel narratives and maps instead, it shows a different spatial othering that arises through a faulty understanding of the pulling forces of shared connections. Events demonstrate the influence of factors other than geographic proximity, and instead of emphasizing sovereign states, as does cartography, they reveal mnemonic commercial and cultural itineraries linking distant places such as the southeast Bengal-Arakan (Bangladesh-Myanmar) coast and the Maldives Islands.
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MARTIN, EMMA. "Fit for a King? The Significance of a Gift Exchange between the Thirteenth Dalai Lama and King George V." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 25, no. 1 (April 7, 2014): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186314000157.
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AbstractBritain's tentatively built diplomatic ties with Tibet received a jolt on 28 June 1913 when four Tibetan boys and their chaperone Kusho Lungshar went to meet George V, King of England and Emperor of India at Buckingham Palace. Lungshar and the boys brought with them an extensive range of gifts and letters from the thirteenth Dalai Lama, inadvertently giving the British government a diplomatic headache: not only could this potentially have been interpreted as a breach of the 1907 Anglo-Russian Convention, but what should be given in return? By bringing together recently identified objects and archives now located in the British Museum, the British Library and the Victoria and Albert Museum, this paper will focus on the products of this encounter: the gifts. They will be considered here as statements of independence, signifiers of ‘Tibetanness’ and as examples of the developing protocols constructed by Britain in response to its encounter with Tibet.2
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Choldin, Marianna Tax. "The Archives of Springer Verlag (Heidelberg) as a Source for Russian and Soviet Book History." Slavic Review 48, no. 1 (1989): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2498690.
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Having learned, quite accidentally, of the Springer Verlag archives, I arranged to spend two weeks in Heidelberg in May 1985 to look for material with a Russian or Soviet angle. My host, Heinz Sarkowski (a senior executive with the firm), was extremely interested and helpful. He is strongly committed to preserving and developing the firm's extraordinary archives and to making them available to scholars. He has prepared a preliminary edition of a finding aid, which I was able to use while there, and pamphlets (in German and English) presenting a brief description of the archives.
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Batshevd, Maxim V., and Svetlana A. Trifonova. "THE HISTORY OF THE EXISTENCE OF ONE SOURCE. “THE DIARY OF PRINCE DMITRY MIKHAILOVICH VOLKONSKY” IN THE ARCHIVE FUND OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES." History and Archives, no. 4 (2021): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-6541-2021-4-46-55.
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The article is devoted to the history of the existence of a unique historical source of personal origin – the “Diary of Prince D.M. Volkonsky”, created for more than thirty years by a representative of the Tula branch of the Volkonsky princes. The daily records allow us to trace the everyday life of a Russian aristocrat, the author’s subjective reaction to contemporary events, and are also a valuable source for studying the first third of the 19th century. Originally consisting of 42 notebooks, the “Diary” has not been fully preserved. Today, divided into parts, it is stored in three archives – the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian State Archives of Literature and Art, and the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library. The article deals with the part of the source that was deposited in the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Fund 646 of the “Editorial Board of the journal ‘The Voice of the Past’” and covers the period from 1812 to 1834, with time gaps. Despite the fact that the text of the document was referred to by S.P. Melgunov and A.G. Tartakovsky, only the war period of 1812–1814 was introduced into scientific circulation, the most famous part of which was the publication: “The Russians at Danzig”. Its use in subsequent research makes it possible to supplement the existing sources of official origin and the sources of a memoir nature.
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Price, TV, and BL Williams. "Studies of the severity and incidence of Paspalum leaf blight." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, no. 2 (1990): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9900377.
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Levels of paspalum leaf blight (Ascochyta paspali) severity (%LAD), diseased dry matter (%DDM) and incidence on tillers and leaves on dairy pastures in northern Victoria assessed during the summer months (November-March) of 1983-84, 1984-85, 1985-86 and 1986-87 fluctuated between samplings and farms. Infected tissues accounted for 19-22% of the total dry matter in 1983-84 and 1984-85. Disease severity (%LAD) was significantly (P<0.001) linearly related to incidence of infected tillers (IT) or leaves (IL) and highest correlations were obtained following natural logarithmic transformations of severity and incidence data. Incidence of infected tillers on a 1 ha site in Northern Victoria ranged over 7- 19% in 1985-86 when samples were taken along a M-transect and 1.75-30% in 1986-87 when stratified random samples were taken using a microcomputer-based program 'Field Runner'. The latter reduced sampling bias, indicated that the distribution of disease was aggregated and a minimum sample size of 450 tillers was required. The fluctuating incidence levels with time were correlated with sampling intervals following grazing. Incidence of infected tillers on 11 farms in northern Victoria and Finley, N.S.W., in January 1987, ranged from 11.8 to 56.4%. The significance of the severity-incidence relationships, the aggregated distribution of paspalum leaf blight, variation in levels between farms, the effects of grazing on epidemics of paspalum leaf blight and crop loss and the use of 'Field Runner' in disease surveys is discussed.
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Rahmat, Siti Nazahiyah, Niranjali Jayasuriya, and Muhammed A. Bhuiyan. "Precipitation trends in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Water and Climate Change 6, no. 2 (October 13, 2014): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2014.007.
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Annual rainfall series trends were investigated for more than 100 years of data using two non-parametric trend tests Mann–Kendall (MK) and Sen's slope (Q) for five selected meteorological stations in Victoria, Australia. The annual rainfall time series showed no significant trends for any of the five stations. To assess the sensitivity of trends to the length of the time periods considered, the annual rainfall analysis was repeated using recent data from approximately half the data set between 1949 and 2011. Contrasting results from the original full data set analysis were revealed. All five stations showed decreasing trends with two stations showing significant trends suggesting that this recent time period has added more low precipitation data to the time series. The year of abrupt changes for all the five stations identified using the sequential MK test varied. Conclusions drawn from this paper, point to the importance of selecting the time series data length in identifying trends and abrupt changes. Due to the climate variability, trend testing results might be biased and strongly dependent on the data period selected. Therefore, use of the full data set available would be required in order to improve understanding of change or to undertake any further studies.
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Sabo, Oana. "Documenting the undocumented: Valeria Luiselli’s refugee children archives." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc_00026_1.
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This article reads comparatively Valeria Luiselli’s essay Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in Forty Questions and her novel Lost Children Archive in the context of critical debates about the uses of archival documents in contemporary literature and in relation to archival theory (Foucault, Derrida, Farge). Both texts draw on a wealth of archival materials to explore the causes of mass migration from Mexico and Central America to the United States since 2014, and especially the plight of refugee children who disappear in the desert, in detention centres, and through deportation. I argue that these texts use the archive as a compositional method to confront restricted representations of Mexican and Central American migration with a plethora of documents that propose a historical and transnational perspective. The proliferation of archives stands in for missing evidence and foregrounds multiple points of view on the refugee children, compelling readers to imagine their migrant journeys more vividly.
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Ullyot, Michael. "Augmented Criticism, Extensible Archives, and the Progress of Renaissance Studies." Renaissance and Reformation 37, no. 4 (April 30, 2015): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v37i4.22646.
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In the three decades since the rise of New Historicism, Renaissance studies has progressed through extensions of scholars’ archival reach to new objects for new interpretations. The future will bring expansions on a larger scale, like those we now witness in English print archives. Machine-readable transcriptions of some fifty thousand texts now enable scholars to use algorithms that tell us things about them that are true, yet can only be known in the future. This is an argument not for an algorithmic criticism but for an augmented criticism, in which human judgments are the origin and outcome of algorithmic research methods. It sketches the emergent methods that are possible only in 2015, yet will do for the archival humanities what telescopes did for astronomy.
Durant les trois décennies qui ont suivi l’émergence de la nouvelle histoire, les études de la Renaissance ont développé grâce à un travail approfondi d’archives de nouvelles données à interpréter. Des développements similaires de plus grande ampleur nous attendent, tels que ceux que nous observons dans l’étude des archives imprimées anglaises. Des transcriptions pouvant être analysées par des logiciels permettent maintenant aux chercheurs d’utiliser des algorithmes révélant de nouveaux faits réels, et pourtant inaccessibles avant aujourd’hui. Il s’agit d’un argument non pas en faveur de la critique algorithmique, mais en faveur d’une critique plus vigilante, assurant que le jugement humain est bien au centre des hypothèses et des résultats des méthodes de recherche algorithmique. Cet article fait un portrait des méthodes émergentes qui ne sont possibles qu’en 2015, et qui pourraient avoir le même effet que le télescope pour l’astronomie.
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Sinn, Donghee. "The Use Context of Digital Archival Collections: Mapping with Historical Research Topics and the Content of Digital Archival Collections." Preservation, Digital Technology & Culture 42, no. 2 (June 2013): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pdtc-2013-0009.
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AbstractDigital archives have been used extensively in historical research. While many user studies regarding digital collections have focused on their users and information behaviors, there is not much research on how digital archives have contributed to historical scholarship and why historians use them. Understanding which digital collections are useful for topical coverage in historical studies will provide important information in the development and assessment of digital preservation projects. This study examines the topical coverage of historical articles that cite digital archival collections, and also the content of digital archival collections that appear in these articles. By mapping the contents of the articles and digital archival collections, this study aims to understand historians’ use context for their historical research and to relate the association of digital projects to the scholarship of history
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Duggan, Jo-Anne, and Enza Gandolfo. "Other Spaces: migration, objects and archives." Modern Italy 16, no. 3 (August 2011): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532944.2010.507931.
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Other Spaces is a collaborative creative arts exhibition project that explores visual and material expressions of cultural identity with a particular focus on museum collections. This project aims to provide a rich examination – visual, emotional and intellectual – of the multiple cultural narratives that contribute to the social fabric of Australia through a unique marriage of contemporary photomedia and creative writing practice. This project explores the ways that migrants and refugees have found to express their cultural identity through the material objects they have brought with them to Australia. Many of these objects are not only of great personal value but often of cultural, historical and religious significance. Some are very ordinary everyday objects but they can be highly evocative and symbolic of the relationship between culture and identity, and between the places of origin and an individual's present home in Australia. This article, through a combination of photography, creative text and scholarly discussion, will focus specifically on Italo-Australian migrants and on some of the material objects that they have donated to museum collections, and use these objects to explore notions of cultural belonging and identity.
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Wion, Anaïs, Paul Bertrand, and Noal Mellott. "INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE: Production, Preservation, and Use of Ethiopian Archives (Fourteenth-Eighteenth Centuries)." Northeast African Studies 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): vii—xvi. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41932049.
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Muehlberger, Guenter, Louise Seaward, Melissa Terras, Sofia Ares Oliveira, Vicente Bosch, Maximilian Bryan, Sebastian Colutto, et al. "Transforming scholarship in the archives through handwritten text recognition." Journal of Documentation 75, no. 5 (September 9, 2019): 954–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2018-0114.
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Purpose An overview of the current use of handwritten text recognition (HTR) on archival manuscript material, as provided by the EU H2020 funded Transkribus platform. It explains HTR, demonstrates Transkribus, gives examples of use cases, highlights the affect HTR may have on scholarship, and evidences this turning point of the advanced use of digitised heritage content. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts a case study approach, using the development and delivery of the one openly available HTR platform for manuscript material. Findings Transkribus has demonstrated that HTR is now a useable technology that can be employed in conjunction with mass digitisation to generate accurate transcripts of archival material. Use cases are demonstrated, and a cooperative model is suggested as a way to ensure sustainability and scaling of the platform. However, funding and resourcing issues are identified. Research limitations/implications The paper presents results from projects: further user studies could be undertaken involving interviews, surveys, etc. Practical implications Only HTR provided via Transkribus is covered: however, this is the only publicly available platform for HTR on individual collections of historical documents at time of writing and it represents the current state-of-the-art in this field. Social implications The increased access to information contained within historical texts has the potential to be transformational for both institutions and individuals. Originality/value This is the first published overview of how HTR is used by a wide archival studies community, reporting and showcasing current application of handwriting technology in the cultural heritage sector.
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Yarotskiy, Petro. "Protestantism as a Subject of Religious Studies." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 40 (October 24, 2006): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2006.40.1807.
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In the last 15 years, in the conditions of independent Ukraine, the study of Protestantism has taken on new qualitative dimensions. The scientific and objectivity of the study was ensured through the use of a source base (Protestant German and Polish-language literature of the 16th - 17th centuries), review and critical literature of the 19th - 20th centuries. (foreign and Ukrainian researchers of Protestantism), access to archival documentation (Russian, Polish, Soviet, including KGB archives, other state institutions on religious affairs). Over the same years, a new cohort of Ukrainian Protestantism scholars has been formed, which has had ample opportunity to use these benefits to unconventionally and truthfully treat Protestantism as a religious (not party ideologically or religiously biased) subject of study.
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N., Demirova. "Personal archives of V. A. Gorodtsov and the experience of their scientific use (after materials of registration and inquiry of OPI SHM)." Archaeological news 30 (2020): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/1817-6976-2020-30-349-355.
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Since 1989, documents of the prominent Russian archaeologist Vasiliy A. Gorodtsov are available for scientific studies. Registration of various documents conducted at the Department of Written Sources of the State His- torical Museum (OPI SHM) allows the researchers to analyse and systemize the practice of the scientific usage of the museum’s documentary collection. In the present paper, summary data are presented on the academic belonging of the researchers who studied materials from these archives, the geography of the scientific centres which they represented and analysis of the subjects of the investigations carried out. This study has resulted in sketching the general situation of the historiographic use of documents from V. A. Gorodtsov’s archives and outlining of the presumable directions of the fur- ther examination of the scholar’s archives and, particularly, of the study of the system of the archaeologist’s professional communications and of his ‘creative laboratory’.
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Teare, Sheldon, and Danielle Measday. "Pyrite Rehousing – Recent Case Studies at Two Australian Museums." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26343.
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Two major collecting institutions in Australia, the Australian Museum (Sydney) and Museums Victoria (Melbourne), are currently undertaking large-scale anoxic rehousing projects in their collections to control conservation issues caused by pyrite oxidation. This paper will highlight the successes and challenges of the rehousing projects at both institutions, which have collaborated on developing strategies to mitigate loss to their collections. In 2017, Museums Victoria Conservation undertook a survey with an Oxybaby M+ Gas Analyser to assess the oxygen levels in all their existing anoxic microclimates before launching a program to replace failed microclimates and expand the number of specimens housed in anoxic storage. This project included a literature review of current conservation materials and techniques associated with anoxic storage, and informed the selection of the RP System oxygen scavenger and Escal Neo barrier film from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company as the best-practice products to use for this application. Conservation at the Australian Museum in Sydney was notified of wide-scale pyrite decay in the Palaeontology and Mineral collections. It was noted that many of the old high-barrier film enclosures, done more than ten years ago, were showing signs of failing. None of the Palaeontology specimens had ever been placed in microclimates. After consultation with Museums Victoria and Collection staff, a similar pathway used by Museums Victoria was adopted. Because of the scale of the rehousing project, standardized custom boxes were made, making the construction of hundreds of boxes easier. It is hoped that new products, like the tube-style Escal film, will extend the life of this rehousing project. Enclosures are being tested at the Australian Museum with a digital oxygen meter. Pyrite rehousing projects highlight the loss of Collection materials and data brought about by the inherent properties of some specimens. The steps undertaken to mitigate or reduce the levels of corrosion are linked to the preservation of both the specimens and the data kept with them (paper labels). These projects benefited from the collaboration of Natural Sciences conservators in Australia with Geosciences collections staff. Natural Science is a relatively recent specialization for the Australian conservation profession and it is important to build resources and capacity for conservators to care for these collections. This applied knowledge has already been passed on to other regions in Australia.
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Russell-Wood, A. J. R. "Brazilian Archives and Recent Historiography on Colonial Brazil." Latin American Research Review 36, no. 1 (2001): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100018847.
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AbstractThis article draws attention to archival research by Brazilian historians in Portugal and Brazil and the fruits of these labors in monographs, dissertations, and articles. Following a survey of historical writing in the colonial period, this essay discusses the growing movement in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to preserve documents in libraries, archives, and museums in Brazil. The existence of such institutions spurred divulgation of manuscript collections through journals and published transcriptions of documents. The essay then traces Brazilian historiography in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as well as Brazilian responses to new trends in historical writing in the 1960s. A survey of archives consulted by scholars of colonial Brazil provides the background for the main section, which uses case studies to demonstrate how Brazilian historians have used these depositories. Scholarship published between 1983 and 1999 is emphasized. The intensive use of manuscript collections and the high quality of publications testify to the vitality of studies by Brazilian scholars of colonial Brazil.
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Muliaee, Maryam. "Recycling Destroyed Cities: Ruined Archives in Copy Art." Frames Cinema Journal 19 (February 18, 2022): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/fcj.v19i0.2387.
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This essay adopts a practice-based methodology to examine works that use copy machine as a tool of archiveology. Case studies are two of my animated films, collectively titled Recycled Series (2016-2017), and other examples of copy art, in which a series of (original and archival) images/films are degenerated with a black-and-white copy machine. I frame the degenerated images in these works as ruined images – anarchives that copy machines can produce for sensory experiences. I place these works in the context of archiveology (Russell 2018) to highlight two aspects in the ruined images: first, how the use of degeneration techniques in archiveology engenders urban imaginary; second, how archiveology as a mode of media art challenges the norms of authenticity and media specificity and unfolds the agency of recycling tools such as copiers. Using a copy machine to recycle film images, archiveology couples the practices of storytelling with the (re)discovery of the technologies of archives.
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Mohamed, Bakari Maligwa, Geraldine Arbogast Rasheli, and Leonada Rafael Mwagike. "Management of Records in Tanzania: Review and Appraisal of Applicable Theories and Examination of Selected Empirical Findings." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i1.12379.
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This paper has examined applicable theories on the records and archives management (RAM) in an attempt to use empirical results and findings to explain the RAM practices. The paper had used ten deliberately selected empirical studies on the RAM practices conducted in Tanzania. Results and findings from the examined empirical studies reveals that records life-cycle theory has been dominantly used to study RAM practices in Tanzania; whilst case study methodology being the dominant research design used by most of the examined studies. Empirically, it has been found that RAM practices in Tanzania have been constrained by a number of constraining factors. The identified factors were, inter alia: inadequacy of RAM practices; inexistence of RAM guidelines; inadequate funding over RAM activities; untrained personnel; lack of comprehensive RAM policy; inadequate records storage space, equipment and facilities; and unreformed records and archives management systems. Based on these results and findings it is concluded that theories propounded for the records and archives management could be supplemented by other management theories and philosophies in studying specific issues on the subject matter. It is recommended that RAM needs specialised studies to determine the influence of the constraining factors on the extent of proper management of records and archives in the specialised administration and management fields that need efficient management and care of records.
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Metcalfe, Jenni, and Michelle Riedlinger. "Identifying and Testing Engagement and Public Literacy Indicators for River Health." Science, Technology and Society 14, no. 2 (July 2009): 241–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097172180901400203.
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Natural resource management (NRM) organisations in Australia are increasingly recognising the need for complement studies of biophysical condition of the environment with studies of social condition, such as values, understanding, and participation related to the environment. Relevant and reliable social indicators that can be scaled and measured on a regular basis are essential to meet this need. In this study, we identified four indicators to test the social condition of the public in the State of Victoria in Australia with regard to river health. These indicators were river use, river knowledge and literacy, values and aspirations, and river health behaviours. We tested the four indicators through telephone and web-based surveys with over 1000 people in three areas of Victoria. We analysed the survey data statistically and gathered baseline data on the social condition of river health in the three regions. We made recommendations for how this data could be interpreted and used in community engagement and science communication programmes about river health. We also examined the limitations of the methodology and recommended modifications to the survey design and application for an anticipated roll-out of the survey across the entire State of Victoria. The Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE) will use this survey instrument to test social indicators on a regular basis.
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Bail, Jeannie, and Ailsa Craig. "The Alert Collector: Transgender Culture and Resources." Reference & User Services Quarterly 56, no. 4 (June 21, 2017): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.56.4.249.
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In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of transgender culture, issues, and experiences. In popular culture, trans celebrities such as Laverne Cox, Chaz Bono, and Janet Mock have been a part of this shift, often acting as celebrity spokespeople to increase understanding of trans issues. Even with the greater visibility of trans lives in popular culture, ongoing court battles like G.G. v. Gloucester County School Board (a US case centered on trans students’ rights to use communal bathrooms congruent with their gender) demonstrate the need for greater understanding and acceptance.As co-authors, we have had the privilege of working with materials on loan from the Transgender Archives at the University of Victoria (Canada), the largest transgender archive in the world. This experience, which included collecting comments from library patrons who viewed the collection materials, highlighted for us the role that libraries and archives play in laying the groundwork for increased diversity, awareness, and inclusion related to trans lives, culture, and community. It is not only a matter of meeting the information needs of those who are coming out as transgender, but the wider community of family (spouses, children, parents, etc.), friends, and allies. And, alongside the value of providing information with direct practical application, patrons’ comments underscored how the inclusion of trans resources at the library enriches our cultural imaginary, and creates the space for imagining and living what they have sometimes felt to be “impossible lives.”
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Ramadhani, Utari, and Desriyeni Desriyeni. "Pengelolaan Arsip Statis di Dinas Kearsipan dan Perpustakaan Kabupaten Padang Pariaman." Ilmu Informasi Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan 8, no. 1 (October 29, 2019): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/107378-0934.
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AbstractThe writing of this paper discusses the management of statistical records in the Padang Pariaman District Archives and Library. The purpose of this paper is to find out how to manage statistical records in the Padang Pariaman District Archives and Library; explain the installation procedure and how to use electronic files; describe investments found in managing statistical records; illustrates the efforts made to overcome difficulties in managing statistical records. This research was conducted using descriptive methods with accurate factual facts about the facts, facts and facts investigated. Data collected through observation, interviews, and literature studies. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded first, the management of statistical records in the Padang Pariaman District Archives and Library Services includes: (a) acquisition files, (b) processing statistical records; (c) preservation of statistical files; and (d) Access. Second, the procedure for installing and using electronic records at the Padang Pariaman District Archive and Library Service includes: (a) Xampp installation as a MySQL database server; (b) storage application as an electronic file storage device. Third, regulating what is in the administrative archive at the Padang Pariaman District Archives and Library Office includes: (a) implementation of the agreement not all archive creators who submit statistical records to the Padang Pariaman District Archives and Library Office; (b) Implementation of implementations that require a long time (c) Implementation of preservation as needed; (d) while access activities still use conventional methods. Fourth, efforts were made to overcome the challenges in managing statistical archives: (a) by dragging archives makers who sent statistical archives to the Padang Pariaman District Archive and Library Services; (b) carrying out regular organizing processing from the creator of the archive, labeling the boxes, adding shelves to manage the volume of archives; (c) Implementation of maintenance by providing adequate equipment (d) when supporting access also uses digital technology and provides supporting facilities and infrastructure.Keywords: management, archives, statis
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Agostinho, Daniela, Catherine D'Ignazio, Annie Ring, Nanna Bonde Thylstrup, and Kristin Veel. "Uncertain Archives: Approaching the Unknowns, Errors, and Vulnerabilities of Big Data through Cultural Theories of the Archive." Surveillance & Society 17, no. 3/4 (September 7, 2019): 422–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i3/4.12330.
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From global search engines to local smart cities, from public health monitoring to personal self-tracking technologies, digital technologies continuously capture, process, and archive social, material, and affective information in the form of big data. Although the use of big data emerged from the human desire to acquire more knowledge and master more information and to eliminate human error in large-scale information management, it has become clear in recent years that big data technologies, and the archives of data they accrue, bring with them new and important uncertainties in the form of new biases, systemic errors, and, as a result, new ethical challenges that require urgent attention and analysis. This collaboratively written article outlines the conceptual framework of the Uncertain Archives research collective to show how cultural theories of the archive can be meaningfully applied to the empirical field of big data. More specifically, the article argues that this approach grounded in cultural theory can help research going forward to attune to and address the uncertainties present in the storage and analysis of large amounts of information. By focusing on the notions of the unknown, error, and vulnerability, we reveal a set of different, albeit intertwined, configurations of archival uncertainty that emerge along with the phenomenon of big data use. We regard these configurations as central to understanding the conditions of the digitally networked data archives that are a crucial component of today’s cultures of surveillance and governmentality.
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Destenay, Emmanuel. "“Nobody's Children”? Political Responses to the Homecoming of First World War Veterans in Northern and Southern Ireland, 1918–1929." Journal of British Studies 60, no. 3 (June 7, 2021): 632–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2021.61.
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AbstractAt the time when Irish veterans of the Great War were being demobilized, Ireland was in a period of profound social, political, and cultural change that was irreversibly transforming the island. Armistice and the veterans’ relief at having survived the conflict and being back with family could not eclipse the overwhelming political climate they met on their homecoming. This article draws on the 1929 Report by the Committee on Claims of British Ex-servicemen, commissioned by the Irish Free State to investigate whether Irish veterans were discriminated against by the Southern Irish and British authorities. The research also makes use of a range of underexploited primary sources: the Liaison and Evacuation Papers in the Military Archives in Dublin, the collection of minutes of the Irish Sailors’ and Soldiers’ Land Trust in the National Archives in London, and original material from the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland and the National Archives of Ireland relating to economic programs for veterans. A comparative approach of to the respective demobilizations of veterans in Northern and Southern Ireland in the 1920s reveals that disparities in formal recognition of their sacrifice and in special provision for housing and employment significantly and painfully complicated their repatriation.
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Padilla Rodríguez, Brenda Cecilia. "Aproximaciones al uso de los cursos en línea masivos y abiertos." Research in Education and Learning Innovation Archives, no. 23 (December 20, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/realia.23.16293.
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Since their emergence in 2008, massive open online courses (MOOCs) have become an international source of interest. The current issue of Research in Education And Learning Innovation Archives (REALIA) focuses on different approaches to the use of this type of courses. Topics encompass students’ perspectives, learning design and participants’ performance during delivery. Each paper included leaves us with lessons learned and recommendations for future studies. Thus, this issue of Research in Education And Learning Innovation Archives adds to the existing knowledge in the field and sets the way for the next steps.
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Lloyd, C. T. "HIGH RESOLUTION GLOBAL GRIDDED DATA FOR USE IN POPULATION STUDIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W2 (July 5, 2017): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w2-117-2017.
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Open access geospatial data represent a range of metrics relevant to global human population mapping at fine spatial scales. Detailed and contemporary spatial datasets that accurately describe population distributions are vital in order to measure impacts of population growth, monitor change, and plan interventions. To construct such datasets the harmonisation of geospatial data layers is a prerequisite because layer specifications differ widely. <br><br> To this end the WorldPop Project is producing an open access archive of 3 and 30 arc-second (~&thinsp;100&thinsp;m and ~&thinsp;1&thinsp;km, respectively) resolution gridded data in a predominantly open source environment, using OSGEO4W utilities. Five tiled raster datasets form the basis of the archive: (i) Viewfinder Panoramas topography clipped to CIESIN national level administrative coastlines; (ii) a matching ISO 3166 country identification grid; (iii) country area; (iv) pixel area; (v) and slope layer. Further layers will include transport networks, landcover, urban extent, nightlights, climate, travel time to major cities, forest stand change, livestock densities, vegetation indices, and waterways. We here describe the base datasets and the production methodology in development. The alpha version of the archive can be downloaded both from the WorldPop Dataverse Repository and the WorldPop Project website. The improved and expanded beta version of the archive is in development for release next year, and will offer significantly improved standardisation of country boundaries, and inland water boundaries (forthcoming), to global census unit data.
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DeVito, Jennifer A. "Women’s Studies Archive: Voice and Vision." Charleston Advisor 22, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.22.1.60.
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Women’s Studies Archive: Voice and Vision is a collection of primary source material related to women’s history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries gathered from the archival collections of libraries and archives. The database emphasizes material authored by women and perspectives from diverse ethnic and religious groups. It covers a variety of topics such as slavery, political activism, socialism, education, marriage, and social justice. The content includes manuscripts, monographs, photographs, personal papers, and periodicals.The database is intuitive and user-friendly and incorporates accessibility tools such as OCR and image magnification. Users can search an individual collection or search across multiple collections. Textual analysis tools allow users alternate ways to discover additional content and the ability to explore historical term use.
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Anderson, Sheila, and Tobias Blanke. "Infrastructure as intermeditation – from archives to research infrastructures." Journal of Documentation 71, no. 6 (October 12, 2015): 1183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2014-0095.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the steps taken to produce new kinds of integrated documentation on the Holocaust in the European Holocaust Research Infrastructure project. The authors present the user investigation methodology as well as the novel data design to support this complex field. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on the scholarly primitives framework. From here, it proceeds with two empirical studies of Holocaust archival research and the implementation steps taken. The paper employs key insights from large technology studies in how to organise such work. In particular, it uses the concepts of social-technical assemblages and intermediation. Findings – The paper offers a number of findings. First from the empirical studies, it presents how Holocaust researchers and archivist perceive the way they currently do research in archives. It then presents how the intermediation and digital transformation of such research can be enabled without violating its foundations. The second major insight is the technical research into how to use graph databases to integrate heterogeneous research collections and the analysis opportunities behind. Originality/value – The paper is based on existing work by the authors but takes this work forward into the world of real-life existing historical research on archives. It demonstrates how the theoretical foundations of primitives are fit for purpose. The paper presents a completely new approach on how to (re)organise archives as research infrastructures and offers a flexible way of implementing this. Next to these major insights, a range of new solutions are presented how to arrange the socio-technical assemblages of research infrastructures.
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Lobachev, Sergey L., and Elena V. Karpycheva. "Artificial Intelligence in Archiving: Statutory Regulation and Personnel Formation." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2022): 623–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2022-2-623-639.
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The article studies issues of digitalization of archiving and statutory regulation of procedures for using artificial intelligence technologies in this field of activity. The authors have attempted a systematic approach to the problem of using AI in the work of archives, taking into account the processes taking place within the framework of digitalization of the economy of the Russian Federation. The study is to analyze the experience of using artificial intelligence technologies in archiving and statutory and methodological regulation of this sphere. The authors identify trends in the use of artificial intelligence technologies, as reflected in the preparation of draft standards (Artificial Intelligence. Artificial intelligence technologies used in activities of federal executive authorities. Classification and general requirements). The article touches upon development of competence-based approach in training of personnel, including archivists, in line with current trends of digitalization of all documented spheres of state activity. The article assesses compliance of local regulations with requirements of current professional standards. It addresses organization of storage, acquisition, and accounting of use of archival documents in correlation with digitalization of documented spheres of organizations’ activities; organization of document storage in operational records management; formation of fonds for use of electronic copies of documents; formation of electronic archives of organizations; transfer of electronic archival documents to state permanent storage; organization of work with electronic documents in state archives; planning and construction of archival storage processes; accounting and use of documents of temporary and permanent storage; regulation and control of federal and regional state information systems, registers, and databases; creation of a unified system of archival storage of documents; introduction of an electronic archive system (acquisition, accounting, examination of value, use of archival documents). The authors have identified three tasks that need to be solved within the framework of creating archives of tomorrow, based on widespread use of AI and on determination of main standards to use in the work of archives, the solution of which requires training of personnel capable of mastering and using AI technologies in archivist’s practical work.
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Siddique, Asheesh Kapur. "Governance through Documents: The Board of Trade, Its Archive, and the Imperial Constitution of the Eighteenth-Century British Atlantic World." Journal of British Studies 59, no. 2 (April 2020): 264–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2019.281.
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AbstractThis article examines the role of documents, their circulation, and their archivization in the enactment of the imperial constitution of the British Empire in the Atlantic world during the long eighteenth century. It focuses on the Board of Trade's dispatch of “Instructions” and “Queries” to governors in the American colonies, arguing that it was through the circulation of these documents and the use of archives that the board sought to enforce constitutional norms of bureaucratic conduct and the authority of central institutions of imperial administration. In the absence of a singular, codified written constitution, the British state relied upon a variety of different kinds of documents to forge the imperial Atlantic into a governed space. The article concludes by pointing to the continuing centrality of documents and archives to the bureaucratic manifestation of the imperial constitution in the immediate aftermath of the American Revolution.
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Welch, Emma. "The Future of Museum Studies with Dr. Nicholaus Pumphrey." Bulletin for the Study of Religion 50, no. 1 (August 12, 2021): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.20030.
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“The Profession” opens a window onto the myriad ways scholars have made use of their training in and beyond the academy. In this issue, editorial assistant Emma Welch speaks with Dr. Nicholaus Pumphrey—curator of the Quayle Bible Collection at Baker University—looking into the discourse on museums and archives and the questions it brings for the scholar of religion. What follows is an introduction to the Quayle Bible Collection and its artifacts, plus what the students and staff of Baker University have to say about the future of museum studies as it pertains to the study of religion.
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Lumley, C. E., and S. R. Walker. "A Toxicology Databank Based on Animal Safety Evaluation Studies of Pharmaceutical Compounds." Human Toxicology 4, no. 4 (July 1985): 447–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718500400411.
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1 Thirteen UK pharmaceutical companies have provided comprehensive toxicological data from repeated-dose animal safety evaluation studies of 74 pharmaceutical compounds. 2 These data comprise a unique toxicology database and this paper describes its establishment including the problems encountered, its current size with over 35 000 data fields, its content and potential value for retrospective analyses. 3 Increasing reliance on animal studies for predicting the safety of medicines in man necessitates a reappraisal of conventional animal testing procedures and better use of the considerable volume of data in the archives of regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical companies. This reappraisal may be achieved by the use of computer-based toxicology databanks.