Journal articles on the topic 'Archives Study and teaching Zambia'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Archives Study and teaching Zambia.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Archives Study and teaching Zambia.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Mulauzi, Felesia, Phiri Bwalya, Chishimba Soko, Vincent Njobvu, Jane Katema, and Felix Silungwe. "Preservation of audio-visual archives in Zambia." ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives 40 (November 6, 2021): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/esarjo.v40i1.4.
Full textAbstract:
Audio-visual records and archives constitute a fundamental heritage that satisfies multiple needs, including education, training, research and entertainment. As such, there is a need to appropriately preserve and conserve them so they can be accessed for as long as they are needed. In spite of their significant role in safeguarding cultural heritage, audio-visual records and archives, are often neglected and accorded less attention than paper-based records, especially in developing countries. Hence, there is a risk of losing information held in audio-visual form. That is why this study looked at how the National Archives of Zambia (NAZ) and the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) preserve audio-visual materials to ensure long-term accessibility of the information. The study investigated the types of audio-visual collections held, the storage equipment used, measures put in place to ensure long-term accessibility of audio-visual materials, the disaster preparedness plans in place to safeguard audio-visual archives and the major challenges encountered in the preservation of audio-visual materials. The findings of the study revealed that films (microfilm and microfiche), photographs and manuscripts, and video (video tapes) and sound recordings (compact cassette) constitute the biggest audio-visual collection preserved. The equipment used to store audio-visual materials included open shelves, specialised cabinets, electronic database for digitised materials, aisle mobiles and cupboards. The measures taken to ensure the long-term accessibility of audio-visual collection included digitisation and migration of endangered records and archives; fumigation of storage areas; conservation of damaged materials and regulation of temperatures and humidity in the storage areas. The disaster preparedness plans in place mostly covered structure insurance; protection against fire and water by way of installing fire extinguishers; smoke sensors; fire detectors and construction of purpose-built structures. The major challenges faced were financial constraints; technological obsolescence; lack of playback equipment; limited training; lack of strong back-up systems and inadequate storage facilities.
2
Mulauzi, Felesia, Phiri Bwalya, Chishimba Soko, Vincent Njobvu, Jane Katema, and Felix Silungwe. "Preservation of audio-visual archives in Zambia." ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives 40 (November 6, 2021): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/esarjo.v40i.4.
Full textAbstract:
Audio-visual records and archives constitute a fundamental heritage that satisfies multiple needs, including education, training, research and entertainment. As such, there is a need to appropriately preserve and conserve them so they can be accessed for as long as they are needed. In spite of their significant role in safeguarding cultural heritage, audio-visual records and archives, are often neglected and accorded less attention than paper-based records, especially in developing countries. Hence, there is a risk of losing information held in audio-visual form. That is why this study looked at how the National Archives of Zambia (NAZ) and the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) preserve audio-visual materials to ensure long-term accessibility of the information. The study investigated the types of audio-visual collections held, the storage equipment used, measures put in place to ensure long-term accessibility of audio-visual materials, the disaster preparedness plans in place to safeguard audio-visual archives and the major challenges encountered in the preservation of audio-visual materials. The findings of the study revealed that films (microfilm and microfiche), photographs and manuscripts, and video (video tapes) and sound recordings (compact cassette) constitute the biggest audio-visual collection preserved. The equipment used to store audio-visual materials included open shelves, specialised cabinets, electronic database for digitised materials, aisle mobiles and cupboards. The measures taken to ensure the long-term accessibility of audio-visual collection included digitisation and migration of endangered records and archives; fumigation of storage areas; conservation of damaged materials and regulation of temperatures and humidity in the storage areas. The disaster preparedness plans in place mostly covered structure insurance; protection against fire and water by way of installing fire extinguishers; smoke sensors; fire detectors and construction of purpose-built structures. The major challenges faced were financial constraints; technological obsolescence; lack of playback equipment; limited training; lack of strong back-up systems and inadequate storage facilities.
3
Natasha Katuta, Mwila. "Fiery phoenix PLC – entrepreneurial survival in Zambia." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 10, no. 4 (November 3, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-03-2020-0070.
Full textAbstract:
Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: students should be able to provide definitions for ethical dilemmas; students should be able to identify ethical dilemmas in a real business context; and students should be able to determine the outcomes of applying given decision-making models to a specific scenario. Case overview/synopsis The aim of this study is to demonstrate the complexity of ethical decision-making in start-up enterprises in emerging markets. The study draws on two well-known decision-making models to illustrate how their application in this context may lead to conflicting outcomes. The study data was collected through reflective entries provided by the business proprietor. These were followed up by three in-depth interviews. The data was supported by analysis of company documents provided by the case. The study demonstrates the crucible moments in entrepreneurial startups that give rise to ethical questions and the need for decision making. It demonstrates the complexity of ethical decision making in emerging contexts. The study business elected to maintain anonymity for commercial protection. This limits the scope of information that may be divulged. The study and the accompanying teaching note provide context for how to apply decision-making frameworks to real business dilemmas. This study contributes to scholarly work on teaching business ethics to undergraduate students. Complexity academic level Final Year Undergraduate. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
4
Wang, An, and Xiang Qing Zhang. "Study on the Cultural Construction of College Archives." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 2048–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.2048.
Full textAbstract:
College archives record the real process of higher education along the way,including progress in all aspects, such as classroom teaching, management planning, scientific research and innovation. For universities, it is not only the witness of hard sweat of countless staff in school history, but also the precious wealth. With the development of higher education, college archives cultural functions also gradually reveal except the function of historical record. The paper discusses how to play the function of archives culture to speed up the construction of colleges and promote the culture of college.
5
Oliver, Magasu, Muleya Gistered, and Mweemba Liberty. "TEACHING STRATEGIES USED IN CIVIC EDUCATION LESSONS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ZAMBIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 2 (May 28, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i2.2020.182.
Full textAbstract:
This study sought to investigate the teaching strategies used in Civic Education lessons in secondary schools in Zambia. The study used a descriptive case study design and data was collected using interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and observations. Purposive sampling procedure was used to target seventy-four participants. Data collected was analysed using themes that emerged from the literature review and objectives of the study. The main findings of the study were that teachers in secondary schools still used teacher-centred strategies in the teaching of Civic Education despite policy direction in the Zambia Education Curriculum of 2013. Lecture method was common most Civic Education lessons. A few who implemented reflective practice strategies in their lessons used debate, group discussions and brainstorming. Based on the findings, social sciences departments where Civic Education sits in secondary schools in Zambia should find mechanisms of observing reflective practice strategy in the teaching of Civic Education rather than just seeing lesson plans. The Ministry of General Education should take a deliberate move to provide workshops/short courses to Civic Education teachers on the importance and use of reflective practice strategy in Civic Education lessons. Further, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) and Examination Council of Zambia (ECZ) should collaborate and re-design the Civic Education Syllabus and give it a practical project since the subject is practical in nature. There is need in future to assess the training of Civic Education teachers with regards to training for reflective practice strategy.
6
Manchishi, Peter Chomba, and David Sani Mwanza. "The University of Zambia School Teaching Experience: Is It Effective?" Excellence in Higher Education 4, no. 2 (May 9, 2014): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ehe.2013.84.
Full textAbstract:
Teaching practice exercises serve the purpose of orienting the teacher into real classroom situations where the novice puts his or her skills into practice. Education students at the University of Zambia (UNZA) go through the school teaching experience after their third year of study. This comes after they have arguably completed enough content and methodology courses to teach. The purpose of this study was to establish the effectiveness of the UNZA school teaching experience. The research instruments used were interview guides, observation checklists, and focus group discussions. The respondents included 80 serving teachers, 80 student teachers, and 10 head teachers drawn from 10 high schools in the Lusaka District. In addition, 10 lecturers from UNZA were also sampled. The findings revealed that the design and delivery of the UNZA student teaching experience was not effective.
7
Chipembele, Matuka, and Kelvin Joseph Bwalya. "Assessing e-readiness of the Copperbelt University, Zambia: case study." International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 33, no. 5 (November 7, 2016): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-12-2015-0036.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess e-readiness (preparedness) of the Copperbelt University (CBU) with a view to ascertain the likelihood of the university benefiting from various opportunities unlocked by the adoption and use of ICT in advancing its core mandate of teaching, learning and collaborative research. Design/methodology/approach The study used the network readiness model emanating from the socio-technical theory, which underpins the extended technological enactment framework. Further, it employed a positivist approach and adopted a case study method coupled with methodological triangulation at data collection stage. With a 95 per cent confidence level of a possible sample frame of 2,980, the study sampled 353 respondents with a response rate of 81 per cent. Findings The results show that anticipated ICTs users have not leveraged available ICT infrastructure or are unaware of its existence. Further, quantitative constructs: “accessibility to ICTs” and “requisite ICTs skills” has significant impacts on e-readiness indicators and in integration of ICTs in CBU core business activities. Also, the study argues that institutional ICT policy and working environments reshape users’ perception of ICTs for teaching, learning and research. Research limitations/implications The proposed conceptual framework only accounted for 43 per cent variance of the factors determining e-readiness of CBU. Originality/value Investigating CBU’s e-readiness will enable policy-makers to prioritise interventions needed for transforming the university into an e-ready entity favourably placed to benefit from digital opportunities. Also the emanating conceptual framework is important to theory and practice in integrating ICTs universities business value chains especially in contextually similar environments.
8
Menon, Anitha, Betty Munalula, and Christine Glazebrook. "Stress in Doctors: A Pilot Study of the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." Journal of Psychology in Africa 17, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2007.10820159.
Full text
9
Fwoloshi, Sombo, Lottie M. Hachaambwa, Kaseya O. Chiyeñu, Lameck Chirwa, Thijs W. Hoffman, Owen Ngalamika, and Sarah Lou Bailey. "Screening for Diabetes Mellitus among Tuberculosis Patients: Findings from a Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3524926.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be associated with active tuberculosis (TB). Zambia is a low-income sub-Saharan African country with a high TB burden and increasing numbers of newly diagnosed DM patients. Materials and Methods. This was an observational study conducted at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, from October 2014 to February 2016. Adult patients with active TB were screened for DM. Results. A total of 127 individuals were enrolled in the study. Six patients (5%) were found to have diabetes. Of these, three had a prior diagnosis of diabetes and were on medication while three were newly diagnosed. Low education level was significantly associated with DM (p=0.001; 95% CI 0.001–0.148). Conclusion. The prevalence of DM among individuals with smear positive TB in our study population was similar to that of the general population in Zambia.
10
Lillie, Edwardina Mary Mae Alexandra, Christopher John Holmes, Elizabeth Anne O’Donohoe, Lowri Bowen, Chadwick L. T. Ngwisha, Yusuf Ahmed, David Michael Snell, John Alexander Kinnear, and M. Dylan Bould. "Avoidable perioperative mortality at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia: a retrospective cohort study." Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie 62, no. 12 (September 29, 2015): 1259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12630-015-0483-z.
Full text
11
Simuyemba, Moses C., and Thubelile Mathole. "A Study of Burnout Amongst Doctors at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia." Medical Journal of Zambia 46, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.46.4.596.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Stress among health care workers is a subject that has received much attention worldwide. However, there have been few studies that address the issue of work-related stress among health care workers in Africa and in Zambia in particular. There was an urgent need to study burnout at the University Teaching Hospital in order to have concrete evidence for planning and policy purposes in order to help address some of the human resource for health problems in Zambia. This study sought to measure the levels of work-related burnout among doctors at the University Teaching Hospital and to investigate associated factors.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected by means of a self-administered survey using Maslach Burnout Inventory provided by mindgarden.com. Data analysis was done using guidelines as set out in the Maslach Burnout Inventory manual using Epi-info software. Cross tabulations and chi-square and statistical analysis tests were done in order to establish whether there were any statistically significant associations between levels of burnout and other variables such as sex, age, seniority, department and marital status, among others.
Results: More than half, 54.4.%, of doctors studied at the University Teaching Hospital experienced average or high levels of emotional exhaustion with 44.8% experiencing average or high levels of depersonalisation and 66.4% experiencing average or low levels of personal accomplishment. Personal accomplishment was the subscale with the highest indication of burnout, followed by emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. There were no significant associations between demographic and individual work factors studied and burnout levels.
Conclusions: Burnout levels are significant at the University Teaching Hospital. There were no significant associations between demographic and individual work factors studied and burnout levels. This study has highlighted that burnout is a problem that needs to be addressed at the hospital and further investigation is required to assess what factors maybe contributing to it, particularly those related to the work environment, since personal and demographiccharacteristics did not show any associations to burnout.
12
GREEN, JENNIFER L. "TEACHING HIGHS AND LOWS: EXPLORING UNIVERSITY TEACHING ASSISTANTS’ EXPERIENCES." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 9, no. 2 (November 29, 2010): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v9i2.379.
Full textAbstract:
Recent reforms in statistics education have initiated the need to prepare graduate teaching assistants (TAs) for these changes. A focus group study explored the experiences and perceptions of University of Nebraska-Lincoln TAs. The results reinforced the idea that content, pedagogy, and technology are central aspects for teaching an introductory statistics course. The TAs addressed the need for clear, specific guidelines and examples, as well as collaboration between colleagues. The TAs also sought opportunities to enrich their teaching skills and, ultimately, their impact on students’ learning. These findings support previous research on graduate TAs and highlight the need for additional exploration of the role graduate statistics TAs play in introductory statistics education. First published November 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
13
Netshakhuma, Nkholedzeni Sidney. "Analysis of South African universities and communities archives." Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication 68, no. 8/9 (November 24, 2019): 635–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gkmc-02-2019-0015.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this study to investigate the relationships between South Africa (SA) universities and universities surrounding communities (USC) for preserving community histories and serve the universities’ mandate to support their local communities and support universities’ teaching and scholarship. Design/methodology/approach The study used a multiple case study approach through interviews. The population of the study comprised representatives from selected universities and their USC. Findings The findings revealed a lack of effective relationships between universities and USC to preserve communities’ histories. Hence, the communities’ archives are tools for teaching and scholarship. Relations between universities and USC are to be built on trust. Accountability and transparency are to be considered by both parties. Research limitations/implications The research is limited to selected SA universities, namely, University of Venda, Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Pretoria and SA and USC. The findings are applicable to all SA universities and USC. Practical implications The relationship between universities and USC has a practical impact on the National archives of South Africa (NARSSA) to collect communities archives because it is in conflict with the mandate of NARSSA. The National Archives’ Act 43 of 1996 obliged NARSSA to collect and preserve communities’ archives on behalf of societies. Social implications Lack of universities and USC can lead to the loss of communities histories or archives. Originality/value This paper appears to be the first to research the relationship between SA universities and USC.
14
Parekh, Rajesh, and Hanna Habib. "Determination of the Outcomes of Laparoscopic Appendecectomies at the University Teaching Hospital, Zambia." University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.5.3.691.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated the superiority of Laparoscopic appendicectomy in managing acute appendicitis. Acute appendicitis has been managed solely by open appendicectomy at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH). This was the first study that looked at the management of acute appendicitis by laparoscopy at UTH. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of laparoscopic appendicectomy at UTH. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that included patients that were diagnosed with acute uncomplicated appendicitis. All patients admitted between August 2015 to March 2016 were included in the study. Variables analyses were patient’s data (age, gender, previous surgery, WBC count, symptoms, signs, symptoms), operating time, intra\post operative complications, and length of stay. Results: A total of 9 laparoscopic appendicectomies were performed during the study period. The patients had an average age of 31.8 years and were predominantly female (70%). One case was converted to open appendicectomy and was not included in the laparoscopic data group. The mean operative time for the procedure was 75.5 min (range 50-110min). The length of stay was on average 2.3 days (range 2-3 days). The patients in the study had no complications noted during the follow-up period. No patient developed an intraabdominal abscess during the study period. Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendicectomy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis resulted in good surgical outcomes in this institution compared to the regional statistics as a reference point. It may be preferred in patients presenting with uncomplicated appendicitis or where the diagnosis is equivocal. Laparoscopic appendicectomy is recommended, especially for the young female patients in our setting.
15
Mulenga, Eddie Mumba, and José María Marbàn. "Social media usage among pre-service secondary mathematics teachers in Zambia." JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education) 5, no. 2 (May 18, 2020): 130–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v5i2.9920.
Full textAbstract:
Social media technologies have reshaped our lives today and Zambian teachers do a massive use of smart phones, tablets, and other portable tools. In addition, they are continually searching for forefront innovations. Frequently, the utilization of these gadgets is not in manners foreseen by innovation advocates. This study focuses on exploring the use of social media platforms and the impact of such social networking services in the teaching and learning of mathematics by pre-service teachers. To explore pre-service teachers’ use of social media in their teaching and learning experiences, the authors administered an adapted and validated research instrument via a quantitative survey system to a sample of 102 pre-service teachers from the Copperbelt University. Analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis were used to test the interplay of relationships between pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards the use of social media based on year of study and gender, social media use and classroom integration, social media use, and mathematics pedagogy. Further, a statistical test was run to show whether positive correlations existed or not. Results disclosed that respondents showed an average use of social media tools in mathematics and provide a prediction model for pre-service teachers’ future integration of social media in the teaching and learning of mathematics.
16
Hibajene Mweemba, Aubrey, and Daniel Allida. "Determinants of Teachers’ Motivation to join the Teaching Profession: A Case of Two teachers Colleges in Zambia." EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2, Issue 3 (September 30, 2021): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2021v02i03.0116.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in views between preservice teachers and in-service teachers on their motivation to join the teaching profession. The study used descriptive quantitative approach through the independent sample t test to reach the intended objectives. The sample size consisted of preservice teachers (n=248) and in-service teachers (n=52) from the two teacher’s colleges. The study established that preservice teachers had higher expectations regarding material benefit and convenience, intellectual stimulation as well as continuation of work in familiar settings than the perceived reality by the in-service teachers who are already in the teaching profession. Intellectual stimulation, worthwhile service to society and interpersonal relationship were considered by both the in-service and the preservice teachers as potential benefits from the teaching profession. However, both the in-service and the preservice teachers were undecided whether continuation of work in a familiar setting is a benefit from the teaching profession. While preservice teachers agreed that material benefit and convenient as well as Job Security motivated them to join the teaching profession, the in-service teachers were undecided whether the factors motivated them to join the teaching profession. Finally, there was no significant difference in terms of gender regarding the benefits front he teaching profession by the teachers in training. The study therefore recommends that since the study found that not all the factors are motivators of teachers to join the teaching profession, there is a need to for qualitatively studies to explore further reasons that motivate teachers joining the teaching profession.
17
Hibajene Mweemba, Aubrey, and Daniel Allida. "Determinants of Teachers’ Motivation to join the Teaching Profession: A Case of Two teachers Colleges in Zambia." EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2, Issue 3 (September 30, 2021): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2021v02i03.0116.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in views between preservice teachers and in-service teachers on their motivation to join the teaching profession. The study used descriptive quantitative approach through the independent sample t test to reach the intended objectives. The sample size consisted of preservice teachers (n=248) and in-service teachers (n=52) from the two teacher’s colleges. The study established that preservice teachers had higher expectations regarding material benefit and convenience, intellectual stimulation as well as continuation of work in familiar settings than the perceived reality by the in-service teachers who are already in the teaching profession. Intellectual stimulation, worthwhile service to society and interpersonal relationship were considered by both the in-service and the preservice teachers as potential benefits from the teaching profession. However, both the in-service and the preservice teachers were undecided whether continuation of work in a familiar setting is a benefit from the teaching profession. While preservice teachers agreed that material benefit and convenient as well as Job Security motivated them to join the teaching profession, the in-service teachers were undecided whether the factors motivated them to join the teaching profession. Finally, there was no significant difference in terms of gender regarding the benefits front he teaching profession by the teachers in training. The study therefore recommends that since the study found that not all the factors are motivators of teachers to join the teaching profession, there is a need to for qualitatively studies to explore further reasons that motivate teachers joining the teaching profession.
18
Mpolomoka, Daniel L. "Tales of Early Childhood Education Teachers in Government Schools in Chipata, Zambia." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH 9, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.01.art010.
Full textAbstract:
This article houses findings of a study that uncovered the provision of early childhood education (ECE) in government schools with a bias towards learners with special education needs. It focused on challenges faced by teachers in providing educational services to children with special education needs at the early childhood education level in the targeted government schools. The rationale of the study was to solicit trends-in-practice among ECE teachers through their stories, thus partly help other teachers who shall read findings of this study tap into their engagements with ECE learners; and partly nurture children’s development in a right way in early years. Qualitative methodology was used because it allowed for in-depth realities faced in 5 schools in Chipata. The study employed a descriptive research method for two years from 2016 to 2017, comprising five primary schools in Chipata District, Zambia, were conveniently sampled for the study. Interviews, focus group discussions, and questionnaires were used to collect data, which was analysed qualitatively. The study revealed challenges that are quite universal for teaching early childhood education learners. Teachers in this study expressed the need for reduced class sizes, adequate learning and teaching materials, teacher extrinsic motivation, additional support services from the government, and an accommodative curriculum. The study further revealed that early childhood education centres in government schools in Zambia at large have poor learning environments specially to support the learners with special education needs. The study showed that collaboration between early childhood education teachers and parents is necessary for the wellbeing of their children. The study recommends that the government should invest in infrastructure development for ECE centres; and that schools should purchase appropriate learning and teaching materials and stock ECE centres.
19
Hachizovu, S., M. Chaponda, C. Manyando, D. Mubikayi, M. Mulenga, and A. Makupe. "Characteristics of people brought in dead at the Ndola Teaching Hospital in Zambia between 2012 and 2016." Medical Journal of Zambia 46, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.46.3.555.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Death is the end spectrum of everyone's life. From a policy maker's point of view, the cause of death and the place of death are important variables as they have a bearing on the diagnostic capacity of a health system and the level of health services utilization by a population respectively. A study done in Zambia showed that 51 per cent of the adult deaths occurred in a health facility, 41.5% occurred at home and 7.7% happened elsewhere. This finding contrasted those of a systematic review of statistics on cause of deaths in hospitals: strengthening the evidence for policy makers by the WHO which reported that more than 50% of deaths in most developing countries occur outside hospitals. It is common to see people brought in dead (BID) in hospitals in Zambia. A literature review showed that no study has been done to characterize the people who are brought into health facilities already dead in Zambia. Our study proposes to collect the age and sex distribution of the people brought in dead, as well as their area of residence and cause of death as is captured in the registers.
Objectives1. To describe the sex and age distribution of the people brought in dead in Ndola Teaching Hospital
2. To determine the areas of residence of these cases
3. To establish the causes of death for these cases of BID
4. To assess the completeness of the information recorded in the register
Methods: This study was done at the Ndola Teaching Hospital in the Copper-belt province of Zambia. It was a cross sectional, retrospective record review of the mortuary registers where all people brought in dead or dying within 24 hours of admission to Ndola Teaching Hospital are recorded. All cases of BIDs recorded in the Mortuary registers of Ndola Teaching Hospital between 2012 and 2016 were eligible. The age, sex, area of residence and the recorded cause of death were entered on a standardized form designed for the study. The data was entered on an excel sheet and double checked for completeness. It was then analyzed using excel
Results: There were 6931 cases of brought in dead at the Ndola Teaching Hospital between 2012 and 2016 with the average number of 1386 cases per year. The age group affected most was 24-55 years (60.34%), mainly comprised of males (61.81%) and coming from densely populated areas (81.50%). 96.75% of cases had undetermined mode of death while 2.35% of cases died of road traffic accidents
Conclusion: A big number of people are still dying outside health facilities or within 24 hours of admission to hospitals in Zambia today. The most affected group is males in their most productive period of their lives and mainly residing in densely populated areas. Additionally, our data capturing tools are not adequate and need revision.
20
Busaka, Chileshe, Septimi Reuben Kitta, and Odette Umugiraneza. "Exploring Assessment Techniques that Integrate Soft Skills in Teaching Mathematics in Secondary Schools in Zambia." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 21, no. 8 (August 30, 2022): 144–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.8.9.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the assessment techniques mathematics teachers use that integrate soft skills in secondary schools in Mazabuka District in Zambia. A total of 91 teachers, who were purposively selected, took part in the study, of which 81 completed a questionnaire and four observers evaluated 124 video-recorded lessons which were taken of 31 teachers. A sequential multi-phase design was used to collect data. The data were analyzed using frequencies, means, standard deviations and chi-square statistics. The findings revealed that the assessment techniques mathematics teachers used did not assess soft skills. In addition, mathematics teachers’ gender was not found to have influenced teachers’ choice of assessment techniques in the teaching and learning process but the type of schools where teachers were teaching, though the effect size was weaker. The consequence of this may be that secondary school leavers may not be good communicators, innovators, creators and critical thinkers. Therefore, it is recommended that mathematics teachers be upskilled on how to assess soft skills in the teaching and learning of Mathematics if the integration of soft skills is to be realized as espoused in the Zambia Education Curriculum Framework of 2013.
21
Changwe, Robert. "Mathematics Teacher Education Curriculum in Zambia: Lecturers’, Students’ and In-service Teachers’ Perspective." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, no. 12 (2022): 592–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.61232.
Full textAbstract:
Quality teaching of classroom mathematics in schools begin with exposing student teachers to a quality teacher education curriculum during their teacher education programme. The rationale for this study was to analyse the mathematics teacher education curriculum by reflecting on lecturers’, students and in-service teachers’ perceptions. Mixed methods design particularly the convergent parallel design was used. Questionnaires were distributed to former university students who were teaching mathematics in Lusaka and Kitwe district of Zambia as well as final year student teachers who were on the programme and had done their school teaching experience. In addition, some teachers, lecturers of mathematics content and mathematics teaching methods were interviewed. The researcher used description and thematic analysis in analysing qualitative data and quantitative data was analysed through the use of the statistical package for social sciences version 20 where means and independent samples t-tests were used. The study key findings reviewed that the way teachers of mathematics were prepared for their professional classroom job was inappropriate as the curriculum they were exposed to during their teacher education programme was loosely linked to what the student teachers were expected to teach upon graduation in Zambian schools. This affected the way mathematics was taught in secondary schools. Besides, the mismatch in the two curricula led to teachers of mathematics with diplomas to divert to other teaching subjects when upgrading their studies to a degree level. Hence, it was recommended that the higher institutions of learning needed to consider the ministerial directive by reviewing the mathematics teacher education curriculum after thoroughly conducting a job analysis. It was also recommended that the Ministry of Education needed to reinforce the already existing continuous professional development to bridge the gap between the two curricula.
22
Mucheleng'anga, Adam Luchen. "The Histological Appearances of the Adult Kidney in HIV Infection at Autopsy at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka." Medical Journal of Zambia 44, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.44.1.61.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Kidney disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is very common. The cause of the various histological appearances include HIV infection of the kidney, immunologic responses to the virus, opportunistic infections, neoplasms and consequences of anti-retroviral therapy that characterize the acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS). There are no autopsy studies conducted in HIV-infected cases in sub-Saharan Africa on the histological lesions of the kidney.
Objective: To describe kidney histological appearances in HIV infection using autopsy material at the UTH, Lusaka.
Methods: A descriptive study of 200 paraffin blocked kidney autopsy tissue samples collected between 2010 and 2012 in the Zambia Neuro-AIDS study (Subtype C Neuro-AIDS and pathogenesis in Zambia) was conducted at the University Teaching hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. The study aimed at describing the histological appearances of the adult kidney in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. The study population consisted of all HIV infected cases above the age of 16years that had been on anti-retroviral therapy and those that were not commenced. The
decedents were unselected for the presence of overt kidney disease. Paraffin blocked kidney tissue samples were processed according to standard histopathology laboratory protocols at the University Teaching Hospital and examined at light microscopic level.
Results: Two hundred (200) cases were examined of which 128 cases were male and 72 were female. One hundred and sixty nine cases (84.5%) revealed renal lesions. The renal histopathological lesions included; tubulointerstitial 65%, glomerular 59%, vascular 2%, and 19.5 % of cases revealed renal tuberculosis. Fungal, viral infections and malignancies were not identified.
Conclusion: The investigation has shown that renal lesions are highly prevalent (84.5%) among HIV infected cases at the University Teaching Hospital.
23
Mutale Mulenga, Innocent, and Edward King Chileshe. "Appropriateness and Adequacy of Teaching and Learning Resources and Students’ Industrial Attachment in Public Colleges of Technical and Vocational Education in Zambia." July to September 2020 1, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2020v01i02.0019.
Full textAbstract:
Zambia has the largest youthful population of below 15 and 18 years which constitute 45.5% and 52.5% of the total population respectively. This is expected to rise by 2030. However, this huge number of young persons, which should be a great resource for economic development, is mostly unemployed (UNESCO, 2016). For many years now the government of the Republic of Zambia has been running and introducing more Vocational Education and Training Institutions as a way of reducing unemployment amongst young people. Regardless of all these efforts, most youths in Zambia who have graduated from such institutions remain unemployed (TEVETA, 2015). In this study, the researchers investigated the appropriateness and adequacy of institution’s teaching and learning resources that the students were exposed to during trainings and how the industrial attachments were organized by the Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions. The mixed method research approach was used to analyze this phenomenon. Six college principals were purposively sampled while stratified and simple random sampling were used to sample sixty lecturers, ten from each of the six colleges. Findings showed that TVET institutions in Zambia were plagued with a number of challenges ranging from lack of appropriate and modern workshop equipment, lack of reading material and ineffective industrial attachment. Researchers recommend that the Ministry of Higher Education and college managements should provide a conducive learning environment in these institutions if graduates were to acquire the required technical competencies.
24
Mutale Mulenga, Innocent, and Moonga Ng’andu. "Civic Education Teaching Resources and Teacher Preparedness for Secondary School Competency-Based Curriculum in Lusaka, Zambia." March to April 2022 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2022v03i02.0171.
Full textAbstract:
This study sought to investigate on Civic Education Teaching Resources and Teacher Preparedness for Secondary School Competency-Based Curriculum in Lusaka, Zambia. The study employed the mixed methods approach, particularly the embedded research design in which 120 secondary school learners and 40 teachers were sampled using stratified random sampling. In addition, 10 Heads of Departments, 10 Head teachers, 2 Education Standards Officers and 1 Civic Education Curriculum Development Specialist were purposively sampled and semi-structured interview guides were used to obtain qualitative data from teachers and school leaders while the questionnaire was used to obtain information from learners. The findings revealed that despite teachers of civic education having being in-serviced on CBC, they were not using recommended teaching methods. It was also revealed that teaching resources were inadequate and teachers lacked an in- depth understanding of how to use teaching resources for effective implementation of the CBC. The study therefore recommended that the Ministry of Education should seriously consider retraining teachers with skills required for competency-based learning. Moreover, during the in-service and pre-service training, teachers should be upskilled in learner centered approachers that are most likely to promote learners acquisition of appropriate civic skills, knowledge and attitudes. Additionally, the Ministry of Education should facilitate and provide adequate teaching and learning resources in secondary schools so as to address the 21st century competencies deficiencies among learners.
25
Bwalya, Precious, Tomoyuki Yamaguchi, Eddie Samuneti Solo, Joseph Yamweka Chizimu, Grace Mbulo, Chie Nakajima, and Yasuhiko Suzuki. "Characterization of Mutations Associated with Streptomycin Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Zambia." Antibiotics 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101169.
Full textAbstract:
Streptomycin (STR) is recommended for the management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Streptomycin resistance-conferring mutation types and frequency are shown to be influenced by genotypes of circulating strains in a population. This study aimed to characterize the mutations in MDR-TB isolates and examine their relationship with the genotypes in Zambia. A total of 138 MDR-TB isolates stored at the University Teaching Hospital Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in Zambia were analyzed using spoligotyping and sequencing of STR resistance-associated genes. Streptomycin resistance was observed in 65.9% (91/138) of MDR-TB isolates. Mutations in rpsL, rrs, and gidB accounted for 33%, 12.1%, and 49.5%, respectively. Amino acid substitution K43R in rpsL was strongly associated with the CAS1_Kili genotype (p < 0.0001). The combination of three genes could predict 91.2% of STR resistance. Clustering of isolates based on resistance-conferring mutations and spoligotyping was observed. The clustering of isolates suggests that the increase in STR-resistant MDR-TB in Zambia is largely due to the spread of resistant strains from inadequate treatment. Therefore, rapid detection of STR resistance genetically is recommended before its use in MDR-TB treatment in Zambia.
26
Iradukunda, Franck, and A. Ananda Kumar. "The Impact of Covid-19 on the Education Sector in Zambia: A Case Study on DMI-St. Eugene University." Shanlax International Journal of Management 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/management.v9i2.4090.
Full textAbstract:
COVID-19 pandemic has left the largest disorder in education systems in history; these affected more than3.6 a billion learners in more than 200 countries. Suspending of physical learning of colleges, institutions and universities have impacted more than 95% of the world’s learner’s population. This has brought changes in all aspects of our usual education systems. Social distancing, mask-up and restrictive movement policies were put in place by several governments that have considerably interrupted ancient instructional practices. Re-opening of learning establishments and universities after relaxation of restriction is another ultimatum with many new standard operating systems and procedures that will be put in place.Since late 2019 after discovering the COVID-19 pandemic, several researchers have shared their findings on teaching and learning practices. Many colleges, faculties and universities have abandoned face-to-face teaching and learning practices. We tend to might lose the 2021 academic year or perhaps additional within the coming future. This recommends we’d like to introduce and implement different educational systems and assessment ways during which learning and teaching will continue however additionally putting in place the mitigation to fight against the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has given us an opportunity to introducing and improve digital learning and teaching systems to the very best level as never been before. This analysis aims to provide a radical report on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the education sector in Zambia, specifically at DMI-St. Eugene University.
27
Muyunda, Gift. "Continuous professional development: Perceptions of secondary school teachers in Zambia." Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33122/ejeset.v3i1.47.
Full textAbstract:
Teacher professional development (TPD) is not only an ongoing process that contributes towards individual growth of teachers but also an integral element in school improvement. This paper reports the Zambian secondary school teachers’ perceptions of their continuous professional development in teacher engagement in CPD activities, perceived importance of different CPD programs/activities, needs to be focused on future training, and barriers using quantitative data. A self-created questionnaire was distributed to 700 conveniently selected secondary school teachers from four schools. The data was examined using descriptive statistics such as frequency of responses, mean scores, and standard deviation, as well as the t-test of independent samples for comparing the perspectives of respondents from different categories. From the findings, teachers were moderately engaged in TPD programs/activities and perceived developing teaching and learning materials as highly important. The impact of their perceptions was evident as there was no significant difference between female and male perceptions about their engagement in teacher CPD programs. Thus, the importance of recognizing and addressing teachers' perceptions of CPD is argued in this study because teachers play an important role in how they learn and how their perceptions impact the changes they make in their teaching practice.
28
Green, Harriett E., and Patricia Lampron. "User Engagement with Digital Archives for Research and Teaching: A Case Study of Emblematica Online." portal: Libraries and the Academy 17, no. 4 (2017): 759–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.2017.0045.
Full text
29
Shmykova, M. L. "INTERNET RESOURCES OF RUSSIAN ARCHIVES AND LIBRARIES IN AUXILIARY HISTORICAL DISCIPLINES TEACHING." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 32, no. 4 (December 24, 2022): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9550-2022-32-4-431-436.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the possibilities of using information systems and databases in auxiliary historical disciplines teaching. Particular attention is paid to paleography and genealogy internet resources which were created by Russian archives and libraries. The most important method of research applied in this study is the historical and comparative method, which identifies the most successful digital resources in auxiliary history disciplines in terms of scholarly execution and pedagogical use. Digitization of monuments of Russian writing of the XI-XVIII centuries generated a number of resources prepared by the National Library of Russia. The project “Russian autographs. Russian writing monuments in the collections of the Russian National Library Manuscripts Department” is of great importance for students on paleography as a source of additional information. Electronic copies of some monuments with their scientific description, transcription and translation can be used in practical classes, independent study and students' knowledge and skills testing. Russian archives create databases which permit the search for files related to genealogical issues and provide access to electronic images of historical sources. Such resources allow to form the skills of information search in databases and research family history. However, there are currently no internet resources with fully developed methodological tools.
30
PORCIÚNCULA MOREIRA DA SILVA, MAUREN, and SUZI SAMÁ PINTO. "TEACHING STATISTICS THROUGH LEARNING PROJECTS." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 13, no. 2 (November 28, 2014): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v13i2.289.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to reflect on the teaching of statistics through student research, in the form of projects carried out by students on self-selected topics. The paper reports on a study carried out with two undergraduate classes using a methodology of teaching that we call ‘learning projects’. Monitoring the development of the various stages of the learning projects allowed continuous adjustment of the process and provided an insight into the benefits and limitations of this approach. Important aspects included the complexity of the group relationships, the importance of choosing the topic of the research, data collection and time management. Students carried out an evaluation of the process, and the resulting information was analysed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. First published November 2014 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
31
McCoy, Michelle. "The Manuscript as Question: Teaching Primary Sources in the Archives—The China Missions Project." College & Research Libraries 71, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/0710049.
Full textAbstract:
The collaborative effort between two Special Collections librarians and a history professor at DePaul University led to a quarter-long undergraduate project in the archives using China Missions Correspondence. In a reversal of traditional methods that assumes archival use to answer a question, this project looks at the document as the source of the questions. A qualitative analysis of student responses from these class sessions between 2002 and 2008 reveals the impact that direct experience has on primary source education and how outreach and user instruction in the archives can transform research, education, and the place of special collections within the institution. As a case study, this paper examines planning, administration, identification, instruction, and assessment of the project from the librarians’ perspective.
32
Claudius Chisha Mwenya, Anatolii Tsarkov, Petro Petlovanyi, and Ravi Paul. "Neurocognitive deficits among adult road traffic accident victims at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 436–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.3.0483.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are of growing public health importance worldwide contributing significantly to the global disease burden thus public health experts worldwide concede that there is a global epidemic of RTAs. Exposure to RTAs may be associated with changes in brain functioning and cognitive performance. Objective: This study sought to contribute to the understanding of the neurocognitive deficits among adult victims of RTAs. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional study (descriptive in nature). Cognitive profiles of the affected participants were assessed by selected tests from the International Neurobehavioral test battery. The quality of life was assessed by application of the World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL) questionnaire. The primary data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS. Results: Twenty-seven (27) RTA victims out of Thirty (30) had executive functioning impairment with a Domain Deficit Score (DDS) of ≥ 0.5 and all the RTA victims in the study had speed of information processing impairment with a Domain Deficit Score (DDS) of ≥ 0.5. There was no significant statistical gender difference in neurocognitive functioning (Executive functioning F=0.85, P=0.36; Speed of information processing F=0.98, P=0.33). Compromised quality of life among adult victims of road traffic accidents was confirmed (P=0.005). Conclusion: This study shows an association between RTA and neurocognitive functioning in adult victims. Findings of this study show the presence of neuropsychological impairments in the two domains assessed (executive functioning and speed of information processing). The study indicates that RTA significantly compromises the quality of life.
33
Banda, Mickey, Caswell Hachabizwa, Joseph Hainza, Sikhanyiso Mutemwa, and Krikor Erzingastian. "Anatomical variations of the superior cerebellar artery: A cadaveric study at the University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka, Zambia." Anatomy Journal of Africa 9, no. 2 (August 21, 2020): 1789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aja.v9i2.198925.
Full textAbstract:
The superior cerebellar artery usually arises from the terminal end of the basilar artery. It may also originate from the posterior cerebral artery and or from a common trunk with the posterior cerebral artery. The anatomical variations of superior cerebellar artery show ethnic differences, but there are few reports on African populations in particular none from Zambia. Variations of the superior cerebellar artery might cause compression symptoms of cranial nerves III, IV and V. Furthermore, the presence of such variations has been considered to be a factor in the aetiology of aneurysms and thrombus formation leading to cerebellar infarcts. The objectives of the study were to explore anatomical variations on the origin of the superior cerebellar artery; to measure the outer diameter at its origin and the length of superior cerebellar artery to its first bifurcation; to establish the presence of duplication , triplication , hypoplasia , agenesis , fenestration and any other anomalies that were detectable. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which 46 post-mortem human cadaveric brains were systematically sampled. A total of 113 superior cerebellar arteries were identified in 42 male and four female cadavers of age ranging between 18 and 65 years (mean 34.05±9.237mm). Superior cerebellar artery arose from the basilar artery as a single vessel in 49.5%, the common trunk arose in 6.2% and posterior cerebral artery origin was seen in 5.7%. Overall duplication of the superior cerebellar artery was seen in 35.5% and triplication in 5.3%. Nineteen (16.8%) of the superior cerebellar arteries were hypoplastic (less than 1mm) and ninety-four (83.2%) were normal. The diameter of the superior cerebellar artery at its origin ranged 0.25mm to 2.48mm (mean 1.42±0.54mm). The length of the superior cerebellar artery to its first bifurcation ranged from 3.77mm to 33.53mm (mean 21.92±7.40mm). Statistically, gender had no significant association of superior cerebellar artery variations (p>0.05). This knowledge will improvediagnosis and management of patients with vascular disorders of the posterior circulation. The newly identified patterns could be a contribution to the SCA classification system.
Key words: Superior cerebellar artery, duplication, triplication and hypoplasia
34
Mutanekelwa, Imukusi, Seter Siziya, Victor Daka, Elijah Kabelenga, Ruth L. Mfune, Misheck Chileshe, David Mulenga, et al. "Prevalence and correlates of voluntary medical male circumcision adverse events among adult males in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia: A cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 3, 2021): e0256955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256955.
Full textAbstract:
Background Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) is a key intervention in HIV/AIDS. Improving VMMC program uptake in Zambia requires careful monitoring of adverse events (AE) to inform program quality and safety. We investigate the prevalence of VMMC AE and their associated factors among adult males in Ndola, Copperbelt Province, Zambia. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study using secondary clinical data collected in 2015 using two validated World Health Organisation/Ministry of Health reporting forms. We reviewed demographics and VMMC surgical details from 391 randomly sampled adult males aged ≥18 years at Ndola Teaching Hospital, a specialised VMMC fixed site in Zambia. Non-parametric tests (Fisher’s exact test or Chi-square depending on assumptions being met) and logistic regression were conducted to determine the relationships between associated factors and VMMC AE. Results The overall VMMC AE prevalence was 3.1% (95% CI 1.60%– 5.30%) and most AEs occurred postoperatively. In decreasing order, the commonly reported VMMC AE included; bleeding (47.1%), swelling (29.4%), haematoma (17.6%), and delayed wound healing (5.9%). There was an inversely proportional relationship between VMMC volume (as measured by the number of surgeries conducted per VMMC provider) and AEs. Compared to the highest VMMC volume of 63.2% (247/391) as reference, as VMMC volume reduced to 35.0% (137/391) and then 1.8% (7/391), the likelihood of AEs increased by five times (aOR 5.08; 95% CI 1.33–19.49; p = 0.018) and then sixteen times (aOR 16.13; 95% CI 1.42–183.30; p = 0.025) respectively. Conclusions Our study found a low prevalence of VMMC AEs in Ndola city, Copperbelt Province of Zambia guaranteeing the safety of the VMMC program. We recommend more surgically proficient staff to continue rendering this service. There is a need to explore other high priority national/regional areas of VMMC program safety/quality, such as adherence to follow-up visits.
35
Muma, Kangwa I. M., Chileshe Mboni, Consity Mwale, Kachikonyo Sibande –. Muma, Jessie I. M. Nyalazi, George Zulu, Tyness S. Mumba –. Malisawa, et al. "Juvenile-onset Open-Angle Glaucoma at the University Teaching Hospitals - Eye Hospital, Lusaka Zambia." Medical Journal of Zambia 47, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.47.2.692.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: To demonstrate the socioeconomic, demographic and clinical characteristics associated with patients of juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) at the University Teaching Hospitals Eye Hospital (UTHs - EH).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey for Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma (JOAG) conducted at the UTHs - EH in, Lusaka, Zambia from January to December 2013. All participants aged between 18 and 39 years had a full ocular examination after capturing demographic and socioeconomic information. The ocular examination includedvisual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup disc ratio (CDR) and tests performed were central corneal thickness (CCT) and visual fields. Severity was graded based visual field (VF) in the worse eye using the advanced glaucoma intervention study score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by age group and gender, wasused to determine the association between demographic factors and JOAG and between clinical factors and JOAG.Results: Of the 1625 patients recruited for the study, 309 were POAG patients. Of the 309 POAG patients, 140 aged 20 to 39 years old had bilateral JOAG. The distribution of the 140 participants was 98 (70.9%) females and 42 (29.4%) males. Thirteen (9.3 %) were aged 20 – 24 years, 29 (20.7%) 25 – 29 years, 44 (31.4%) 30 – 34 years, and 54 (38.6%) 35 –39 years. The mean age of the patients was 25.1 ± SD 8.7 years. The prevalence of JOAG was 8.6% (140/1625) distributed as 2.6% (95% CI 1.3, 3.9) males and 6.0% (95% CI 4.7, 9.2) females. There was a female preponderance of (71.2% vs. 28.8%; OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.3, 6.7, p=0.021). Eighty-five (60.7%) had complained of poor vision and 24 (17.1%) of eye pain. However, 24 (17.1%) presented with no definite symptoms. Patients with a positive family history presented 3.7 years earlier (P = 0.034, CI; 1.37-7.9) compared to those without a family history. Lower socioeconomic status (Odds ratio [OR] 3.5, P = 0.013, CI: 1.2-17.2), and higher IOP (OR 6.7, P = 0.002, CI: 2.6-21.8) were associated with severe glaucomatous visual field defects. High myopia (-6.47 ± 5.00 Diopters) was present in 70.9% of patients. The patients with myopia also had a severe elevation of IOP of (35.8 ±18.5 mmHg).
Conclusions: The study found a high prevalence of JOAG at 8.6%. The patients with JOAG presented late with advanced disease and high IOP. Clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic factors are contributory to the severity of JOAG among JOAG patients.
Recommendation: Early detection of cases during eye health care outreach programmes such as school and community screening of children and adults could be of great benefit in creating awareness, d ema n d , e a r l y d e t e c t i o n a n d p r omp t commencement of treatment. Glaucoma should no longer be considered a condition of the people aged 40 years and above.
36
Chakana, Collins, J. Kinnear, and D. Bould. "Anaesthetic Related Peri-Operative Complications During Caesarean Delivery at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.4.4.344.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Caesarean deliveries are increasingly performed at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka, with a 2012 audit report indicating a rate of 17.8%.The procedure is a major surgical intervention and results in higher morbidity than vaginal delivery. Part of this morbidity and mortality during caesarean delivery is that resulting from the anaesthesia relating to the surgery. However, information on the extent of anaesthetic related complications associated with caesarean deliveries in low resource settings such as at UTH is lacking. This study endeavored to explore this aspect. Objective: To determine the frequency of anaesthetic related perioperative complications during caesarean delivery at the UTH, Lusaka, Zambia Study Design: A prospective observational study documenting the anaesthetic related complications in women undergoing caesarean delivery at UTH. 246 consecutive parturients undergoing caesarean deliveries were enrolled in the study. Methodology: All women who presented for caesarean delivery at UTH in Lusaka, Zambia from January 12, 2014 to July 12, 2014 and met the inclusion criteria were recruited into the study. Information on the patient and her management was obtained from the patient’s medical records. Participants were followed up from the time they were taken into theatre, during the procedure until the time they left the recovery room post operatively, and any complication observed was documented. Hypotension, possible aspiration, failed intubation, conversion from spinal to general anaesthesia, severe hypoxemia and death were the main outcome measures. A descriptive analysis was performed. All significant variables were included in the final multivariable logistic model. All tests were set at 95% confidence interval (CI) and a P- value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: No mortality was recorded out of the 246 parturients enrolled for the study. The average age was 28 years.Thirty-four cases (13.8%) received general anaesthetic while 212 cases (86.2%) had spinal anaesthetic. Obstructed labour 79 cases (32.1%) and previous caesarean sections 68 cases (27.6%) were among the indications for caesarean deliveries. Perioperative complications recorded included, 172 cases (69.9%) of hypotension, 6 cases (11.1%) had failed intubation, 5cases (9.3%) possibly aspirated, 20 cases (9.4%) had failed spinal technique needing conversion to general anaesthetic, 6 cases (3.1%) had high spinal block. Severe hypoxemia intraoperatively and postoperatively was noted in 16 cases (6.5%) and 7 cases (2.8%) respectively. There were no statistically significant associations among the complications with age of parturients, ASA status, grade of anaesthetist, category of caesarean sections, indication for caesarean sections or gestational age. Conclusion: There are many anaesthetic related complications during caesarean sections occurring at UTH. Future studies are needed to solely look into factors contributing to each of the complication at UTH.
37
Kumwenda, Andrew, and B. Vwalika. "Outcomes and Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancies at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." Medical Journal of Zambia 44, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.44.4.91.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: These were to determine obstetric outcomes associated with adolescent pregnancies and those of older women at the UTH, identify factors associated with and compare the obstetric outcomes between the two age groups with determining the scale of adolescent pregnancy.
Materials and methods: This was a comparative prospective cross sectional study with a purposeful sample of 200 pregnant adolescents and women aged between 20 and 30 years in a ratio of 1:1.
Results: 3,456 women delivered between September and October, 2015 out of which 480 (13.9%) were adolescents. Of the 100 adolescents studied, 62(62%) had dropped out of school due to pregnancy and 81(81%) of the pregnancies were unplanned.
Factors associated with adolescent pregnancies noted included mean age at coitarche (p <0.001), early marriages (p <0.001; AOR 14.6, 95% CI: 4.642 - 45.99), primary education (p 0.002; AOR 4.522, 95% CI: 1.758 – 11.634), having a boyfriend (p<0.001; AOR 12.70, 95% CI: 4.04 – 39.91) and contraceptive use. There were 95(95%) adolescents who had never used a contraceptive before compared to 40(40%) older women (p <0.001).
Adolescents were also significantly associated with first degree perineal tears (p<0.001; AOR 3.46, 95% CI: 1.83 - 6.56) and preterm deliveries (p 0.026, AOR 2.60, 95% CI: 1.16 - 5.78). Furthermore, although not statistically significant, more adolescents 22(22%) had low birth weight babies compared to 14(14% older women and 11(11%) had pregnancy induced hypertension versus 7(7%) older mothers. In addition, out of the 10 documented caesarean sections among the study participants, 8(80%) were done among adolescents (p 0.052).
Conclusion: Several factors and adverse obstetric outcomes are associated with adolescent pregnancies seen at the UTH. Although adolescent pregnancy is reducing, it remains high and contributing significantly to discontinuation of school. Key stakeholders need to continue targeting adolescents with appropriate health messages including an emphasis on increased access to and utilization of effective contraceptives.
38
Reynolds, Rebecca A., Arnold Bhebhe, Roxanna M. Garcia, Shilin Zhao, Sandi Lam, Kachinga Sichizya, and Chevis N. Shannon. "Pediatric hydrocephalus outcomes in Lusaka, Zambia." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 26, no. 6 (December 2020): 624–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.5.peds20193.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVEHydrocephalus is a global disease that disproportionally impacts low- and middle-income countries. Limited data are available from sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to be the first to describe pediatric hydrocephalus epidemiology and outcomes in Lusaka, Zambia.METHODSThis retrospective cohort study included patients < 18 years of age who underwent surgical treatment for hydrocephalus at Beit-CURE Hospital and the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, from August 2017 to May 2019. Surgeries included ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertions, revisions, and endoscopic third ventriculostomies (ETVs) with or without choroid plexus cauterization (CPC). A descriptive analysis of patient demographics, clinical presentation, and etiologies was summarized, followed by a multivariable analysis of mortality and 90-day complications.RESULTSA total of 378 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age at first surgery was 5.5 (IQR 3.1, 12.7) months, and 51% of patients were female (n = 193). The most common presenting symptom was irritability (65%, n = 247), followed by oculomotor abnormalities (54%, n = 204). Postinfectious hydrocephalus was the predominant etiology (65%, n = 226/347), and 9% had a myelomeningocele (n = 32/347). It was the first hydrocephalus surgery for 87% (n = 309) and, of that group, 15% underwent ETV/CPC (n = 45). Severe hydrocephalus was common, with 42% of head circumferences more than 6 cm above the 97th percentile (n = 111). The median follow-up duration was 33 (IQR 4, 117) days. The complication rate was 20% (n = 76), with infection being most common (n = 29). Overall, 7% of the patients died (n = 26). Postoperative complication was significantly associated with mortality (χ2 = 81.2, p < 0.001) with infections and CSF leaks showing the strongest association (χ2 = 14.6 and 15.2, respectively, p < 0.001). On adjusted multivariable analysis, shunt revisions were more likely to have a complication than ETV/CPC or primary shunt insertions (OR 2.45 [95% CI 1.26–4.76], p = 0.008), and the presence of any postoperative complication was the only significant predictor of mortality (OR 42.9 [95% CI 12.3–149.1], p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSPediatric postinfectious hydrocephalus is the most common etiology of hydrocephalus in Lusaka, Zambia, which is similar to other countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Most children present late with neglected hydrocephalus. Shunt revision procedures are more prone to complication than ETV/CPC or primary shunt insertion, and postoperative complications represent a significant predictor of mortality in this population.
39
Hofgräff, Darija, and Anamarija Pupić-Bakrač. "Zajedno smo jači: iskustva Odsjeka za kulturno-prosvjetne aktivnosti Hrvatskoga državnog arhiva u oblikovanju novih obrazovnih sadržaja." Magistra Iadertina 15, no. 1 (February 15, 2021): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/magistra.3218.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this paper is to highlight the experiences of the Department of Cultural and Educational Activities (hereinafter: KPA) of the Croatian National Archives (hereinafter: HDA). KPA has been trying for many years to follow trends that are not exclusively related to the organization of annual events in the Archive, but are in search of new content that imposes new trends which enhances the ability of students to study and analyze historical topics of value, while fostering information literacy. The importance of educational programs of the Archive is evidenced by the results of the student survey, which shows that they support teaching in the archives because it is enriched with didactic aids and is much more interesting than learning and reproducing material by heart. Therefore, the cooperation of archives with educational institutions and competent ministries should be encouraged as it contributes to a better conception of educational programs in archives.
40
Mukosha, Moses, G. Sijumbila, N. Lambwe, and A. C. Chisulo. "Serum Selenium levels in Essential hypertension among adults at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." Medical Journal of Zambia 44, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.44.4.95.
Full textAbstract:
In Zambia, essential hypertension is one of the commonest and prevalent non-communicable diseases. In the current medical literature it is not clear on the serum selenium levels among essential hypertensive patients in Zambia despite evidence in literature of its role in development of hypertension.
The present study investigated serum selenium levels in essential hypertensive adults. We hypothesized that serum selenium levels were significantly lower in this population and was a risk factor for developing hypertension. An analytical cross-sectional design was applied to a total of 245 participants. Blood was collected for serum levels of Selenium, glucose, urea, creatinine and electrolytes. Student t-test was used to compare the serum selenium levels between hypertensive and normotensive participants. Significant (p<0.0001) lower levels of serum Selenium were observed in essential hypertensive adults (0.093mg/L ± 0.048) than in healthy normotensive adults (0.109mg/L ± 0.047). Regression results showed no significant relationship off Selenium levels with age (p=0.255), BMI (p-0.232), systolic blood pressure (p=0.175) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.195). From these findings serum selenium levels may not be a risk factor for essential hypertension in this population. Nevertheless, more studies in the same geographical area are needed to confirm this.
41
SMEETON, NIGEL. "UNDERGRADUATE COURSES IN DENTAL STATISTICS IN BRITAIN AND IRELAND." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2002): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v1i2.565.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the recommendation of the General Dental Council that statistical methods and data analysis should form part of the curriculum of undergraduate dental degrees, little is known about the teaching of statistics in dental schools. This informal study was carried out to obtain information on the methods of teaching and assessment used in dental schools in Britain and Ireland.
First published December 2002 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
42
Kayombo, Kelvin Mukolo, Gwebente Mudenda, Burton Mweemba, and Janis Nduli. "Understanding Postgraduate Student Preferences for University Choice in Zambia: The Case of ZCAS University." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 10, no. 2(V) (May 23, 2020): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v10i2(v).2978.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to ascertain the university brand model that characterizes postgraduate student choice of ZCAS University. The brand model comprises brand attributes that attract postgraduate students to the university, the information sources they consult, who influences their decisions and what makes the university unique. The study was qualitative in design, while sampling of research participants was done purposively. Three focus group discussions involving seventeen first years part time and open distance e-learning postgraduate students, and five semi-structured interviews with marketing and recruitment staff at ZCAS University were used to collect data on the brand model. Thematic analysis and content analysis were then used as the primary data analysis techniques. Results of the study revealed that reputation, teaching quality, student support, fees and facilities were the top five ZCAS University brand traits that underpin postgraduate students’ choice of the university. With respect to competitive advantage, facilities, teaching quality reputation and accreditations are perceived to be the university’s primary unique characteristics. The study further identified friends, self, workmate and family as the greatest influencers of postgraduate student choice of the university; while websites, social media, print media and television are believed to be the most consulted information sources by prospective postgraduate students.
43
Ziko, L. M., T. W. Hoffman, S. Fwoloshi, D. Chanda, Y. M. Nampungwe, D. Patel, H. Bobat, et al. "Aetiology and prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia at the Adult University Teaching Hospital in Zambia." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 15, 2022): e0271449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271449.
Full textAbstract:
Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a frequent cause of death worldwide, and in sub-Saharan Africa particularly. Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) influence pathogen distribution in patients with CAP. Previous studies in sub-Saharan Africa have shown different frequencies of respiratory pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility compared to studies outside Africa. This study aimed to investigate the aetiology, presentation, and treatment outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia in adults at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Materials and methods Three-hundred-and-twenty-seven patients were enrolled at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka between March 2018 and December 2018. Clinical characteristics and laboratory data were collected. Sputum samples were tested by microscopy, other TB diagnostics, and bacterial cultures. Results The commonest presenting complaint was cough (96%), followed by chest pain (60.6%), fever (59.3%), and breathlessness (58.4%). The most common finding on auscultation of the lungs was chest crackles (51.7%). Seventy percent of the study participants had complaints lasting at least a week before enrolment. The prevalence of HIV was 71%. Sputum samples were tested for 286 patients. The diagnostic yield was 59%. The most common isolate was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (20%), followed by Candida species (18%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%). Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in only four patients. There were no statistically significant differences between the rates of specific pathogens identified in HIV-infected patients compared with the HIV-uninfected. Thirty-day mortality was 30%. Patients with TB had higher 30-day mortality than patients without TB (p = 0.047). Conclusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the most common cause of CAP isolated in adults at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Gram-negative organisms were frequently isolated. A high mortality rate was observed, as 30% of the followed-up study population had died after 30 days.
44
Kayombo, Kelvin Mukolo, and Steve Carter. "Competitive Positioning of a Higher Education Institution in Zambia: The Case of ZCAS." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 8, no. 2 (September 28, 2017): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v8i2.1858.
Full textAbstract:
This study was the second phase of a larger research project that was designed to identify and measure a higher education institution’s brand in Zambia in order to ascertain areas for strengthening the brand’s competitive position. The objectives of this conjoint study were twofold: firstly, to identify the current position of the ZCAS brand as a case study and secondly, to establish the current position of the ZCAS brand relative to its higher education (HE) competitors in Zambia. This quantitative study involved administering a conjoint questionnaire to 110 first year students in ZCAS and 280 first year students in seven universities in the country. The 19 branding elements identified in the initial qualitative stage of the project were aggregated into five principal branding factors using Atlas.ti’s co-occurrence tools to facilitate this conjoint study. These five principal branding attributes are teaching quality, fees, course availability, learning environment and employability. The study revealed that ZCAS has a fairly strong brand position in the Zambian HE sector because the most important elements in its brand model, i.e. course availability, teaching quality and facilities are also the premier brand dimensions in the market. The study also revealed that ZCAS needs to reposition itself away from the competition in order to occupy a more favorable position in the minds of its prospective and existing customers. Accordingly, the study recommends that ZCAS increases its course offerings and collaborates with universities in the region. ZCAS should also consider setting up a quality assurance unit to foster quality in the institution. This study adds to the increasing body of knowledge on HE branding, particularly in developing countries, by developing and then testing a brand orientation model for the Zambian HE market.
45
Banda, Dennis, and Mulenga Kapwepwe. "The influence of rurality and its indigenous knowledge on teaching methods in higher education – lessons from Ukulange Mbusa of the Bemba people of Zambia." Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South 4, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.148.
Full textAbstract:
This study was on the influence of rurality and its Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) with reference to the Ukulange Mbusa (UM) ceremony of the Bemba people of the Northern Zambia. Rurality is a demographic and a social category and implies distance from urban centres, sparse population, lack of amenities, infrastructure and sometimes social deprivation. A lot of forms of indigenous knowledge are imparted on learners from rural areas before they join universities and meet other knowledge systems. The study tried to establish if some learning and teaching approaches, methods and techniques used in such traditional ceremonies and settings could influence the teaching and learning in higher learning institutions. Interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and documents analysis were used to collect data. The sample was drawn from traditional chiefs, women counsellors (alangizi) and university students initiated in the Ukulange Mbusa ceremony. Findings of the study are that the positive influences of rurality and their forms of indigenous knowledge are often minimised, misunderstood, ignored, viewed as backward, local, native, and therefore not suitable for use in higher learning institutions. However, this study argues that progressive indigenous forms of knowledge must be hybridized with the university ones, save negative ones such as those fuelling early marriages.
Keywords: Indigenous knowledge, Rurality, Folklore, Culture, ZambiaHow to cite this article:Banda, D. & Kapwepwe, M. 2020. The influence of rurality and its indigenous knowledge on teaching methods in higher education – lessons from Ukulange Mbusa of the Bemba people of Zambia. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 4(2): 197-217. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.148.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
46
Muttau, Nobutu, Martha Mwendafilumba, Branishka Lewis, Keilya Kasprzyk, Colm Travers, J. Anitha Menon, Kunda Mutesu-Kapembwa, Aaron Mangangu, Herbert Kapesa, and Albert Manasyan. "Strengthening Kangaroo Mother Care at a tertiary level hospital in Zambia: A prospective descriptive study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): e0272444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272444.
Full textAbstract:
Background Globally, complications due to preterm birth are the leading contributor to neonatal mortality, resulting in an estimated one million deaths annually. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) has been endorsed by the World Health Organisation as a low cost, safe, and effective intervention in reducing morbidity and mortality among preterm infants. The objective of this study was to describe the implementation of a KMC model among preterm infants and its impact on neonatal outcomes at a tertiary level hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods We conducted a prospective descriptive study using data collected from the KMC room at the University Teaching Hospital between January 2016 and September 2017. Mothers and government nurses were trained in KMC. We monitored skin-to-skin and breastfeeding practices, weight at admission, discharge, and length of admission. Results We enrolled 573 neonates into the study. Thirteen extremely low weight infants admitted to the KMC room had graduated to Group A (1,000g-1,499g) at discharge, with a median weight gain of 500g. Of the 419 very low weight neonates at admission, 290 remained in Group A while 129 improved to Group B (1,500g-2,499g), with a median weight gain of 280g. Among the 89 low weight neonates, 1 regressed to Group A, 77 remained in Group B, and 11 improved to Group C (≥2,500g), individually gaining a median of 100g. Of the seven normal weight neonates, 6 remained in Group C individually gaining a median of 100g, and 1 regressed to Group B. Among all infants enrolled, two (0.35%) died in the KMC room. Conclusions Based on the RE-AIM metrics, our results show that KMC is a feasible intervention that can improve neonatal outcomes among preterm infants in Zambia. The study findings show a promising, practical approach to scaling up KMC in Zambia. Trial registration The trial is registered under ClinicalTrials.gov under the following ID number: NCT03923023.
47
CASEY, STEPHANIE A. "SUBJECT MATTER KNOWLEDGE FOR TEACHING STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 9, no. 2 (November 29, 2010): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v9i2.375.
Full textAbstract:
This study seeks to describe the subject matter knowledge needed for teaching statistical association at the secondary level. Taking a practice-based qualitative approach, three experienced teachers were observed as they taught statistical association and interviewed immediately following each observation. Records of practice were assembled to create a compilation document to recreate each of the fifty observed class sessions along with related materials including textbook pages and student work. Analysis of the compilation documents focused on the demands upon teachers’ subject matter knowledge involved in the practice of teaching. Findings regarding the knowledge required for teaching correlation coefficient are highlighted, including its computation, interpretation, sensitivity, estimation, and related terminology.
First published November 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
48
Fallon, Gerald, and Natalie Rublik. "Second-Language Education Policy in Quebec: A Critical Analysis of the Policy of English as a Compulsory Subject at the Early Primary Level in Quebec." TESL Canada Journal 28, no. 2 (June 21, 2011): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v28i2.1074.
Full textAbstract:
This is a critical policy study of language planning and policy in Quebec regarding the new policy direction requiring the compulsory teaching of English at the early primary level (grades 1-2, Cycle 1) in francophone public schools. Based on the analysis of policy documents, archives, and narratives from interviews, the goal of this policy study is to determine how and why language-policy decisions about the compulsory teaching of ESL at the early primary level were made by policymakers in Quebec.
49
Mutale Mulenga, Innocent, and Katongo Bwalya. "Student Teachers School Experience in Zambia: Experiences and Challenges." March to April 2022 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2022v03i02.0162.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to establish challenges and experiences faced by student teachers during teaching practice in Zambia. The study employed the concurrent embedded design. Data was collected from 280 respondents including 200 student teachers, 30 host school deputy head teachers and 50 lecturers. The study employed a questionnaire, focus group discussion and an interview to collect data from the respondents. The study established some challenges which can serve as learning points for teacher educators and administrators in institutions of higher learning that are running teacher education programs. The challenges include the struggle of maintaining low costs while having a high quality school experience, lecturers hurrying through the supervision process, the tendency to involve non-lecturers to supervise students and students lack of adequate support during the school experience period. The school experience period was adequate and students had a number of benefits from it although some institutions had it at the end of the program. It was therefore recommended that school experience be continually evaluated by both the Ministry of Education and institutions that provide teacher education programs in Zambia and that the length of the school experience period be maintained so as to enhance the benefits that student teacher drew from it. It was further recommended that institutions preparing teachers should make sure that school experience is done during the teacher education period and not at the end of it so that students and their lecturers evaluate the experience before the end of the program.
50
Sutherland, Oliver, Stefan Kafwimbi, Jonathan Chinyama, James Sichone, and Osward Bwanga. "Demographic Profile of Suspected Female Breast Cancer Patients Seeking Ultrasound Services in Selected Public Hospitals in Lusaka District, Zambia." EAS Journal of Radiology and Imaging Technology 4, no. 6 (December 10, 2022): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjrit.2022.v04i06.006.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Globally, breast cancer among females is the number one cause of morbidity at 11.6% and is the leading cause of mortality at 6.6%. In Zambia, it is the most common malignancy among women. However, the demographic characteristics of suspected breast cancer female patients accessing ultrasound breast cancer services in Zambia are still unclear. Objective: This study aimed to determine the demographic characteristics of suspected female breast cancer patients. The demographic characteristics may then be used by responsible authorities such as the Ministry of Health (MoH) in Zambia and aligned Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) such as the Zambia cancer association in concentrating their efforts to curtail the scourge. Methods: Systematic random sampling was used for the selection of participants in this study. The selected participant’s demographic information was obtained from their medical records such as the medical files, Cancer Diseases Hospital (CDH) ultrasound register and University Teaching Hospital (UTH) histology registers. Further, the researcher personally interviewed the selected participants to obtain the demographic information required for the study. Results: The median age for the study participants was 43, with the interquartile range (IQR)=36-50. The median parity status was 3, with IQR=1-5. The majority of breast cancer patients were married (57) (55.9%) and employed (80) (78.4%). There was no significant difference in education level and classification of residence for study participants between participants with a histology-positive and histology-negative result, P greater than 0.05. Conclusion: This study has found evidence that the reproductive age group, low to no parity status, married marital status and employed employment status are associated with breast cancer. Education level and classification of residence did not show any association with breast cancer in this study.