Academic literature on the topic 'Archival, Repository and Related Studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Archival, Repository and Related Studies"
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Kropyvnyi, Oleksandr. "Digital Repository of Ukrainian Musical Folklore: Prerequisites for Creation, Ways of implementing the Concept, General Features of the Structure." Problems of music ethnology 17 (November 17, 2022): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4212.2022.17.270908.
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A significant risk that we might lose especially valuable funds of Ukrainian musical folklore under conditions of Russian military aggression and, at the same time, the outstanding interest of Ukrainian society in its own national cultural heritage call for rethinking approaches to archival storage, post-processing and dissemination of folklore field research materials stored in archives of Ukrainian scientific institutions and in the personal scientist`s collections.
Forced preparations for the sudden evacuation of the folklore archives, backup process and relocation, started by a group of folklorists from Kyiv and Lviv shortly before the Russian invasion, revealed a number of disadvantages of Ukrainian musical folklore archives organization. These include the impossibility of quick data transfer, unavailability of digital media backups, a lot of non-digitized materials stored on analog media, the inconsistency of analog and digital collection`s condition with modern (digital) information storage methods (mostly paper based documentation), etc.
This article analyzes the current condition of the digital collections of Ukrainian musical folklore, which are located in the archives of several Ukrainian scientific institutions and in some personal collections of the scientists. The most important issues of organization and functioning of Ukrainian musical folklore digital collections are outlined.
Existing principles and models of data structuring according to the modern analytical requirements outlined in the studies of Ukrainian emusicologists have been analyzed in detail. The new principles of data and metadata organization are proposed to simplify information search and analysis and extensive use of computer systems to work with digital collections of Ukrainian musical folklore.
Development and implementation of a reliable digital repository as a component of the unified workspace for digitization, electronic archiving, analysis and presentation of the field folklore materials are intended not only to solve most of the mentioned issues related to the digital collections of Ukrainian musical folklore, but also to provide access to the intangible achievements of the Ukrainian nation for scientists, artists and a wide range of involved users.
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Li, Juan. "Design of an Effective Archive Management System with a Compression Approach for Network Information Technology." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (April 1, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3503841.
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Due to the recent advances of Internet and information technologies, massive quantity of archive data gets generated and it becomes difficult to handle it using conventional techniques. Archive management is the field of management related to the maintenance and utilization of archives, once they have been sent from the client to the repository. The drastic increase in the size of archive data necessitates effective storage schemes, which can be accomplished by the use of data compression approaches. Generally, data compression techniques are used for reducing the count of data being saved from a system or network without compromising the data quality. With this motivation, this study designs an effective archive storage system with a compression approach for network management (EASS-CANM). The major intention of the EASS-CANM technique is to archive the textual and image data effectively in its compact form in order to reduce the storage area. In the context of archive management, the EASS-CANM technique might be considered a successful instrument. The proposed EASS-CANM technique involves a two-stage process: textual data compression and image compression. At the initial stage, neighborhood indexing sequence (NIS) with the Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) technique was applied for textual data compression. Secondly, fruit fly optimization (FFO) with modified Haar wavelet (MHW) is used for effective image compression where the optimal threshold selection process takes place utilizing the FFO technique. We improved the Haar wavelet filtering process in order to preserve higher image quality and clarity (MHW). With the introduction of MHW, a new transformation is made possible, allowing for improved compression outcomes as well as improved PSNR and CR values. In order to demonstrate the improved outcomes of the EASS-CANM approach, a series of simulations are performed utilizing a benchmark dataset. The experimental results reported the supremacy of the EASS-CANM technique on existing approaches. The benchmark dataset is used to conduct a wide range of studies to see whether the EASS-CANM approach improves archival efficacy. According to the full comparative result analysis, the EASS-CANM strategy is more effective than existing approaches in terms of numerous evaluation criteria. Therefore, the EASS-CANM technique can be used effectively in the administration of archives.
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Danileyko, Iryna. "Dynamic catalog of traditional music: online resources of ukrainian folklore and ethnography (access for 2022)." Problems of music ethnology 17 (November 17, 2022): 88–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4212.2022.17.270910.
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In recent decades, the global Internet network has become a repository of academic knowledge from all areas of science. Domestic ethnographic disciplines (ethno-sciences) are no exception: publications of modern studies appear annually; the fund of digitized older editions made available for free access is replenished; archival recordings and special creative products inspired by traditional music are published.
After the military attack on Ukraine, there has been an increase in the interest of Ukrainians and residents of democratic countries in the world in Ukrainian culture and music, in particular, in traditional music. This new demand raises the question of the availability of high-quality Internet information in this field not only for specialists, but also for a wide audience.
By the end of 2022, a rapid increase in the number of high-quality electronic resources of various formats related to the study and popularization of Ukrainian folklore and ethnography has become noticeable.
The mentioned factors pushed the author to the idea of compiling a catalog of folklore resources in the form of a dynamic electronic register, which will be constantly updated and supplemented.
This list, with the working title "Dynamic catalog of traditional music", includes both the most authoritative electronic resources in the field of ethno-disciplines, which are progressive in terms of content, as well as little-known ("underground") sources, which, in the opinion of the author, also deserve the attention of academic specialists and teachers.
This basic list of Internet links will primarily be needed by music school teachers (in the course of studying folk music of Ukrainians), students - ethnologists, ethnomusicologists, folklorists, historians, linguists - and their teachers, as well as those who practice, research and popularize traditional music . It will also be useful for those who want to discover traditional culture and implement ancient customs in their private or public life.
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Hultman Ozek, Yvonne. "Implementing Web 2.0 Design Patterns in an Institutional Repository May Increase Community Participation." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 6, no. 3 (September 14, 2011): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8633s.
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Objective – To investigate whether Web 2.0 can enhance participation in institutional repositories (IRs) and whether its widespread use can lead to success in this context. Another purpose was to emphasize how an IR with a Web 2.0 approach can connect individuals in their creative and intellectual outputs, no matter what form of shared material is contributed.
Design – Comparative study.
Setting –Two IRs at Teachers College, Columbia University, which is a graduate and professional school of education in New York City.
Subjects – Students, faculty, and staff using the PocketKnowledge and CPC IRs.
Methods – Cocciolo compared two different IRs called PocketKnowledge and Community Program Collections (CPC). PocketKnowledge had the following Web 2.0 design patterns: users control their own data; users should be trusted; flexible tags are preferred over hierarchical taxonomies; the attitude should be playful; software gets better the more people use it. The PocketKnowledge IR design patterns were compared with the traditional design of the CPC IR. The CRC IR organized information based on taxonomy (e.g., programs and departments), lack of user control of their own content, and centrality of authority.
Data were collected during a 22-month period. The PocketKnowledge IR was studied from September 2006 to July 2008, compiling information on both contributions and contributors. Contributions made by library staff to aid availability in archival collections were excluded from the data sets, because the study was focused on community participation in the learning environment. The CPC was studied between November 2004 and July 2006. Data collected included the contributions made to the system and information on the role of the contributor (e.g., student, faculty, or staff).
Main Results – Participation was much greater in the Web 2.0 system (PocketKnowledge) than in the non-Web 2.0 system (CPC). Involvement in the latter, the CPC, was noted primarily for faculty (59%), with a smaller proportion of students (11%) contributing. This trend was reversed with the Web 2.0 system, in which 79% of the contributions came from students. However, as a group, faculty were better represented than the student body as contributors to the Web 2.0 system (23% and 8% respectively). Faculty members who created an account (without contributing) represented 30% of the population. These observations suggest that Web 2.0 is attractive to students as a space to share their intellectual creations, and at the same time it does not alienate the faculty. Notwithstanding, although 31% of the student body had created a user account for PocketKnowledge, the Web 2.0 system, only 8% of the students actually contributed to this IR.
The study examined only the participation rates and was not concerned with what motivated contributions to PocketKnowledge. Accordingly, the results can be extrapolated by observing that the limitation of previous IRs is that they focused primarily on the library goals of collecting and preserving scholarly work, and did not consider what prompted faculty to contribute. Despite the satisfactory participation in the two IRs of interest, the author argued that the incentive is associated more extensively with the role as teacher than with the role as researcher. This is related to the ambition of faculty to improve classroom-based experience by ensuring that their students are as engaged as possible in the teachers’ areas of expertise. In other words, a faculty contribution is motivated by knowing that students will become familiar with what is contributed.
Conclusion – This study suggests that IRs can achieve greater participation by shifting the focus from the library goals to the objective of building localized teaching and learning communities by connecting individuals through their respective intellectual outputs. Creation of a system like the CPC that supports such exchange will advance library goals by storing faculty’s scholarly work, whereas Web 2.0 offers a set of approaches and design patterns for establishing systems that help promote community participation. Greater student participation in an IR may prompt increased faculty participation, because the IR will be more extensively focused on the teaching and learning community than on the research community. Thus, the major finding of the study is that greater community participation resulted from a Web 2.0 design pattern approach.
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De Joanna, P., A. M. Dabija, A. Passaro, G. Vaccaro, and R. Sfinteș. "THE REASONS OF THE VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE FOR THE REGULATION OF CONTEMPORARY INTERVENTIONS. TWO EXAMPLES OF RURAL ARCHITECTURE ON DANUBE DELTA AND THE VESUVIUS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-25-2020.
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Abstract. The development and growth of the territory has for centuries been conditioned by the availability of resources on site. The minor architecture which is presented as a vast and varied repertoire of unique architectural forms, perfected over time to meet the needs of living places, is the repository of the formal and cultural testimonies that represent the integration between man and environment, which took place in a constant process of adaptation and enhancement of limits and resources in terms of climate, materials, soil morphology and geology. The “not only formal” result of this growth process is a consolidated iconography that summarizes the profound reasons for building through techniques developed according to the characteristics of the available materials and the needs of life and daily work, an absolute synthesis between form and function that gives rise to the repertoire of the lexicon of the architecture of a place and of the landscape. Starting from these reflections, the proposed study seeks to investigate the reasons for the constructive lexicon of some examples of vernacular architecture related to different contexts, identifying the reasons for the constructive choices in terms of relationships between the function of technical elements and construction characteristics; the purpose of this approach is to regulate constructive interventions in consolidated settlements of vernacular architecture by proposing a study methodology that highlights the rules and reasons for those constructive choices so that purely formal distortions and misunderstandings do not occur in current practices. The selected case studies are the rural settlements of Terzigno, a municipality in the province of Naples (Italy) on the slopes of Vesuvius and some of the rural settlements in the Danube Delta, in Romania.
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Niemeyer, Irmgard, Katharina Aymanns, Guido Deissmann, and Dirk Bosbach. "International safeguards for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel – why, what and how." Safety of Nuclear Waste Disposal 1 (November 10, 2021): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-241-2021.
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Abstract. The objectives of international safeguards are the timely detection of diversion of significant quantities of nuclear material from peaceful nuclear activities to the manufacture of nuclear weapons (or for other purposes), and deterrence of such diversion by the risk of early detection for states with comprehensive safeguards agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Following these objectives, several studies have focused on the developments of concepts and methods for safeguarding final disposal facilities as well as on identifying the most feasible technologies that could potentially be deployed for verifying final disposal programmes (IAEA, 1998, 2010, 2018). These activities were coordinated through Member State Safeguards Support Programmes, including the joint tasks on the development of “Safeguards for Geological Repositories” (SAGOR, 1994–2004) and on the “Application of Safeguards to Geological Repositories” (ASTOR, 2005–2017). SAGOR performed a diversion path analysis for spent fuel disposal facilities, determined safeguards technical objectives and identified potential safeguards measures to meet those objectives. ASTOR supported the IAEA in assessing how safeguards measures could be effectively implemented and provided recommendations with respect to developing such measures. Specific verification technologies were developed under other Member State Support Programme tasks. A summary report on the progress and status of safeguards for spent fuel encapsulation plants and geological repositories was completed by ASTOR in 2017. ASTOR also identified areas and actions that need to be accomplished to support safeguards implementation in final disposal facilities, such as (1) establish performance requirements for the design of safeguards technologies relevant to geological disposal of spent fuel, (2) determine specific information needs of states and operators regarding safeguards implementation for geological disposal of spent fuel and develop appropriate guidance, (3) determine specific information needs of IAEA inspectors and analysts and develop a guidance document that provides recommendations for implementing safeguards for a geological repository system under the state-level concept and (4) develop and test appropriate safeguards equipment (IAEA, 2017; Moran et al., 2018). While several measures and technologies related to verifying the geological disposal of spent fuel have been used by the IAEA at other facilities or are in development or testing, other technologies still need to be developed and tested. In addition, ASTOR identified the need for approaches to how information about disposed spent fuel and high-level nuclear waste should be managed, handled, organized, archived, read, interpreted and secured for the long term (for centuries after repository closure and beyond), including an international standard for states and facility operators on information management, data-retention methods and timescales for preserving safeguards data for geological repositories. The presentation will introduce the objectives of international nuclear material safeguards for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel, highlight the current status of developments and discussions in terms of approaches and technologies for safeguarding geological repositories, and give an outlook on implementing safeguards for final disposal in Germany.
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Daugirdaitė, Vilma. "Folkloristics in the Independent Lithuania (1918–1940): Outlining the History." Tautosakos darbai 50 (December 28, 2015): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.2015.28988.
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The Soviet occupation starting after the WWII determined the direction of folklore research in Lithuania for decades, not only taking away the possibility of continuing the folklore studies launched already in the independent interwar Lithuania, but even that of appreciating the ideologically untainted history of folkloristics from that period. The 80th anniversary of the Lithuanian folklore archives that is celebrated this year encouraged us turning back and revisiting this span in the history of the Lithuanian folkloristics, which at the time was just acquiring the shape of an independent scholarly discipline. Based on various documents scattered in different archives and repositories and on the relevant publications in periodicals of the time in question, the author of the article discusses the cultural, academic and political situation of establishing the first centralized folklore institutions (the Folklore Commission, the Commission for Gathering Folk Melodies, and the Lithuanian Folklore Archives). The author also analyzes the tasks that these institutions had to fulfill as well as the ways in which the representatives of different schools of folklore research dealt with these tasks. An important prerequisite for establishing a folklore research center in the independent Lithuania was founding of the Lithuanian University, which joined humanitarians willing and ready to organize the research activities, and raising various issues related to the investigations of the national culture, its dissemination and collection in view of the future research. Therefore, it is hardly accidental that in 1930 the Folklore Commission was established at the Faculty of Humanities. It was the first official institution in charge of folklore: collection of the Lithuanian folklore and preparing for its systematization. As many other commissions of the time, it also launched publication of series entitled Mūsų tautosaka [‘Our Folklore’] – the first research journal in folklore, which published numerous collections, ethnographic descriptions of daily life and customs, and research articles. However, due to the lack of a broader understanding of folklore and in absence of educated folklore specialists, folklore was primarily regarded as a source material for literature and science, while research was frequently overshadowed in the Commission’s activities by folklore popularization.Nevertheless, in the course of the 1930s significant changes took place in the Ministry of Education and in the cultural policy that it implemented. These changes affected folkloristics as well. In 1934, Juozas Tonkūnas was appointed as the new Minister of Education. Having his background in the academia, he radically changed the direction of the national culture policy, attempting finally to bring the abstract rhetoric concerning the rather obscure “national culture” onto a solid basis. Such basis, according to him, could only be established as a result of the scholarly research, and more precisely – studies of Lithuanian language, literature, history, and folklore. It is also important, that academic community had matured by that time and was ready for the changes to take place. In the 1930s, the University of Vytautas Magnus introduced a separate course in Lithuanian folklore, while in 1934 a Chair in Ethnics was finally established. Having completed their studies at the Western universities and acquiring basic learning in folkloristics, young specialists started coming back, bringing together Western cultural ideas and research experiences.The above-mentioned reasons (insufficient scientific activities of the Folklore Commission, appearance of young specialists educated in folklore and general changes in cultural policy) could have prompted the Ministry of Education to terminate the activities of the Folklore Commission, establishing instead a new scholarly institution subordinated directly to the Ministry. Thus, the Lithuanian Folklore Archives was established in 1935, which until nowadays preserves its central position as the most important folklore repository, storing centuries-old collections regarded as important documents of Lithuanian folklore, national culture and history, as well as continuing to accumulate the most recent fieldwork data. The sphere of the activities of the Folklore Archives was defined in July 6, 1935 by the special law; it included collection, systematization, publishing and preservation of the (verbal) folklore and folk melodies. Jonas Balys, a professional folklorist educated at the Western European universities and therefore preferring the Western pattern of dealing with folklore, was appointed director of the newly established Folklore Archives. As diverse scholarly and applied activities of the Lithuanian Folklore Archives clearly testify, the Lithuanian folkloristics in the 1930s was already making its first, but rather sure steps in the academic field of folklore research, concentrating on collection, preservation and analysis of the oral cultural heritage.
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Došen, Ana. "Nobuyoshi Araki’s Archival Corpo-Rapture." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies, no. 18 (April 15, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.25038/am.v0i18.301.
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Nobuyoshi Araki is one of the most famous and controversial Japanese photographers, whose work amounts to several hundred publications. Over the course of nearly five decades, this prolific artist’s ‘photo-mania’ dealing with, among various subject matters, a depiction of human bodies, often eroticized and graphic, has been both celebrated and heavily criticized. Instead of contributing to those discourses of either support or disdain of his artistic vision – especially on the issue of fetishized female nudity – this paper focuses on Araki’s insatiable lust for capturing Japan’s corporeality. His unrelenting inspiration to encapsulate Japanese bodily images has generated an immense collection of not only personal(ized) memories, but also of various types of archives – intimate and public – of the spontaneous and the staged, reflecting the ephemeral, transitory or epochal. Drawing on Derrida’s notion of archive in realtion to Freudian death drive, this paper explores Araki’s archive fever as a mechanism of subjective power imposed on the collective body. The proliferation of his photo series unveils Araki’s tendency to ‘destroy’ the previous encounters while simultaneously adding to his ultimate repository of somatic images with each new volume.Article received: December 10, 2018; Article accepted: January 23, 2019; Published online: April 15, 2019; Original scholarly paperHow to cite this article: Došen, Ana. "Nobuyoshi Araki’s Archival Corpo-Rapture." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 18 (2019): 107–116. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i18.301
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Tsygankov, Alexander S., and Teresa Obolevitch. "S.L. Frank in the F. Nietzsche archives: A 1932 lecture in Weimar." Philosophy Journal 13, no. 4 (2020): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2072-0726-2020-13-4-171-192.
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The article reconstructs the general historical and philosophical background of the talk “Nietzsche and Russian thinkers related to him” (“Nietzsche und ihm verwandte russische Geister”) given by S.L. Frank at the Nietzsche Archive on February 25, 1932. On the basis of the archival material from the Goethe- und Schiller-Archiv in Weimar, the correspondence between Frank and Friedrich Nietzsche’s sister, Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche is analyzed and the list of guests invited to Frank’s lecture is examined. A special attention is dedicated to a general reconstruction of the life and creative path of Carl August Emge, one of the first German professors of philosophy who voluntarily joined the National Socialist Party in December 1931, but who, at the same time, was a friend of Frank’s and the organizer of his lecture at the Nietzsche Archive in 1932. The appendix also presents two pieces of archival material: Frank’s letter to Förster-Nietzsche dated February 18, 1932 (repository: Goethe and Schiller Archives; signature GSA 72/BW 1458); the response letter from Förster-Nietzsche from February 22, 1932 (repository: fourth inventory of S.L. Frank Papers at the Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russia Abroad); two incomplete German abstracts of Frank’s talk at the Nietzsche Archives and their translation into Russian (repository: 12th box of S.L. Frank Papers at the Bakhmeteff Archives).
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Serdyukova, Elena V. "Archival Heritage of Russian Post-October Abroad Philosophers in Modern Domestic and Foreign Studies." Voprosy Filosofii, no. 5 (2021): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2021-5-108-118.
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Researching the archives of Russian post-October abroad thinkers is one of the main tasks of modern Russian philosophy. The return of the spiritual wealth of Russian intellectual culture that has begun in the late 1980s with the publication of hard access and works of bibliographic rarity of N.O. Lossky, N.A. Berdyaev, S.L. Frank, S.N. Bulgakov and others, is continuing today. However, at the beginning of the XXI century the trajectory of this return changes slightly. The published works of Russian abroad thinkers require a holistic reading, rethinking and actualization. These problems cannot be effectively solved without plunging into the existential and intellectual history of Russian philosophy in the first half of the twentieth century. That is why modern historians of philosophy turn to the archive, and not so much as an empirical object, collection and repository of documents, but as a cultural, historical, humanitarian phenomenon, thanks to which, through the collective efforts of philosophers and scientists, a holistic portrait of Russian philosophy in its personal dimension is brought together. We can consider the archive of any Russian philosopher of the first half of the twentieth century as an “archive of the era” (T.G. Shchedrina), as a “sphere of conversation” in which the meeting of thinkers of the early twentieth century and modern philosophers is possible. Such a methodological turn affects the content of historical and philosophical research and changes our ideas about the Russian abroad philosophy, about the era as a whole, and also allows us to reconstruct the heritage of Russian philosophers and consistently collect the value-semantic unity of Russian intellectual culture while preserving its “diversity and unity” (M.A. Maslin).
Books on the topic "Archival, Repository and Related Studies"
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Bradley, Kevin. Memory of the world: Towards an open source repository and preservation : recommendations on the implementation of an open source digital archival and preservation system and on related software development. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2007.
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Godtsenhoven, Karen van, Kasja Weenink, and Leonardus Johannes Maria Waaijers. Driver's Guide to European Repositories: Five Studies of Important Digital Repository Related Issues and Good Practices. Amsterdam University Press, 2008.
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Hupaniittu, Outi, and Ulla-Maija Peltonen, eds. Arkistot ja kulttuuriperintö. SKS Finnish Literature Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21435/tl.268.
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Archives and the Cultural Heritage The edited volume Archives and the Cultural Heritage focuses on archives as institutions and to their tense relationship with archives as material. These dynamics are discussed in respect of the past, the present, and the future. The focus lies in the mechanisms the Finnish archive institutions have utilised when taking part in forming the cultural heritage and in debating the importance of the private archives in society. Within social sciences and history from the early 1990s onwards, the effects of globalisation have been seen as a new focal point for research. Momentarily, the archives saw the same paradigm shift as the focus of the archival studies proceeded from state to society. This brought forth the notion that the values of society are reflected in the acquisition of archival material. This archival turn draws attention to the archives as entities formed by cultural practices. The volume discusses cultural heritage within Finnish archives with diverse perspectives and from various time periods. The key concepts are cultural heritage and archives – both as institution and as material. Articles review the formation of archival collections spanning from the 19th to the 21st century and highlight that the archives have never been neutral or objective actors; rather, they have always been an active process of remembering and forgetting, a matter of inclusion and exclusion. The focus is on private archives and on the choices that guided the creation of the archives and the cultural perceptions and power structures associated with them. Although private archives have considerable social and research value, and although their material complements the picture of society provided by documentary data produced by public administrations, they have only risen to the theoretical discussions in the 21st century. The authors consider what has happened before the material ends up in the archive, what happens in the archive and what can be deduced from this. It shows how archival solutions manifest themselves, how they have influenced research and how they still affect it. One of the key questions is whose past has been preserved and whose is deemed worthy of preservation. Under what conditions have the permanently preserved documents been selected and how can they be accessed? In addition, the volume pays attention to whose documents have been ignored or forgotten, as well as to the networks and power of the individuals within the archival institution and to the politics of memory. The Archives and the Cultural Heritage is an opening to a discussion on the mechanisms, practices and goals of Finnish archival activities. It challenges archival organisations to reflect on their own operating models and to make visible their own conscious or unconscious choices. It raises awareness of the formation of the Finnish documentary cultural heritage, produces new information about private archives and participates in the scientific debate on the changing significance of archives in society. The volume is related to the Academy of Finland research project “Making and Interpreting National Pasts – Role of Finnish Archives as Networks of Power and Sites of Memory” (no 25257, 2011–2014/2019), University of Turku. Project partners Finnish Literature Society (SKS) and Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (SLS).
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O’Mahony, Mike. The Visual Turn in Sport History. Edited by Robert Edelman and Wayne Wilson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199858910.013.35.
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The representation of sport in visual culture has generated a valuable research resource that, until recently, has been underutilized and undertheorized. Recent interventions, drawing on developments within other academic disciplines including art history, film, and media studies have, however, opened up opportunities for sport historians to engage with a wide range of sport-related visual artifacts. This chapter offers insights into how sport historians can effectively engage with this wide range of visual material. It deploys specific case studies to reveal potential opportunities and strategies to enable sport historians to treat visual materials as complex forms of documentation that can thus enhance an engagement with the complexities of sport’s past and present. It also reflects on how the recent expansion of the sport museum as a repository for, and means of displaying, this material provides a context for the future expansion of sport history studies into the field of visual culture.
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Brown, Caroline, ed. Archives and Recordkeeping. Facet, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.29085/9781783300044.
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A groundbreaking text designed to simplify and demystify archival and recordkeeping theory and its role in modern day practice. Its great strength is in articulating the core principles and issues that shape the discipline but also the impact and relevance they have for the 21st century professional. It will outline and explore what practitioners do as well as why they do it and how critical this underlying rationale is to their success using an accessible approach. Key topics covered include: what is a record? nature and characteristics; appraisal and the value of archives; theoretical approaches to arrangement and description; the role of recordkeeping in society; the impact of philosophy and postmodernism; ethical issues. This is essential reading for students and educators in archives and recordkeeping and invaluable as a guide for practitioners who want to better understand and inform their day-to-day work. It is also a useful guide across related disciplines in the humanities such as history, philosophy and literary studies.
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Reiche, Danyel, and Tamir Sorek, eds. Sport, Politics and Society in the Middle East. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190065218.001.0001.
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Sport in the Middle East has become a major issue in global affairs. The contributors to this timely volume discuss the intersection of political and cultural processes related to sport in the region. Eleven chapters trace the historical institutionalization of sport and the role it has played in negotiating ‘Western’ culture. Sport is found to be a contested terrain where struggles are being fought over the inclusion of women, over competing definitions of national identity, over preserving social memory, and over press freedom. Also discussed are the implications of mega-sporting events for host countries, and how both elite sport policies and sports industries in the region are being shaped. Sport, Politics and Society in the Middle East draws on academic disciplines from the humanities and social sciences to offer in-depth, theoretically grounded, and richly empirical case studies. It employs diverse research methodologies, from ethnography and in-depth interviews to archival research, to make a lasting contribution to this critical subject.
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Dvoryashin, Yury A., ed. Creative Heritage of M.A. Sholokhov at the Beginning of the 21st Century. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0650-5.
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This collective scientific work contains articles by leading domestic and foreign scientists, which explore creativity of M.A. Sholokhov. Problem-related content of the monograph depicts the main directions and ways of studying of the writer’s creative heritage, which are characteristic for the modern Sholokhov study. The reception of Sholokhov’s creativity by the national and world cultures of the 20th century; textual studies of the writer’s works, which depict modern science condition; current problems of studying the poetics of Sholokhov’s novels; commented publication of archival materials, which are connected with the destiny and writer’s creative activity. The first section includes researches, analyzing a number of significant problems of Sholokhov’s life and creativity. The second section make up articles, devoted to textology questions of the scientific publication of And Quiet Flows the Don. The third section consists of the documents, either published for the first time, or forgotten or semi-forgotten. The forth section includes works from the history of Sholokhov study, which are relevant even today. Collective scientific work is addressed to philologists, teachers of literature, students — to everyone who is interested in the Sholokhov’s creativity in Russian literature of the 20th century.
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Ebbitt McGill, Alicia. Negotiating Heritage through Education and Archaeology. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066974.001.0001.
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This book contributes to global conversations about the nature and practice of public history and heritage studies, as well as heritage scholarship in Latin America and the Caribbean. Drawing from the context of Belize and two rural African-descendant Kriol communities, this book demonstrates the many means by which people construct values, meanings, and practices related to heritage. These meanings have wide-ranging influences on peoples’ cultural identity, daily practices, and engagements with tangible and intangible culture. The author demonstrates that since the late nineteenth century, Belizean colonial and national institutions have constructed and used heritage places and ideologies to manage difference, govern citizens, and reinforce economic and social development agendas, particularly through archaeology and formal education. Institutional heritage practices have resulted in marginalized pasts and enduring racial and ethnic inequalities, especially in regards to Kriol cultural heritage. However, this book also details how Belizean teachers and children resisted and responded to persistent colonial and state legacies through vernacular heritage practices. The book’s methodology is innovative as it combines British imperial archival sources with years of ethnographic observations and interviews with government officials, teachers, and young people. A major contribution of the book is historicizing heritage by identifying connections between colonial and state cultural politics and global heritage trends over time. Another significant contribution is demonstrating how education and archaeology are interconnected social institutions through which official and vernacular heritage forms and practices are constructed, controlled, negotiated, and contested.
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Davies, Michael, Anne Dunan-Page, and Joel Halcomb, eds. Church Life. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753193.001.0001.
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These original essays from ten leading experts in early Dissenting history, literature, and religion address the rich, complex, and varied nature of ‘church life’ experienced by England’s Baptists, Congregationalists, and Presbyterians during the seventeenth century. Spanning the period from the English Revolution to the Glorious Revolution, and beyond, they examine the social, political, and religious character of England’s ‘gathered’ churches and reformed parishes: how pastors and their congregations interacted, how Dissenters related to their meetings as religious communities, and what the experience of church life was like for ordinary members as well as their ministers, including notably John Owen and Richard Baxter alongside less well-known figures, such as Ebenezer Chandler. Moving beyond the religious experience of the solitary individual, often exemplified by conversion, this volume redefines the experience of Dissent, concentrating instead on the collective concerns of a communally-centred church life through a wide spectrum of issues: from questions of liberty and pastoral reform to matters of church discipline and respectability. With a substantial ‘Introduction’ that puts into context the key concepts of ‘church life’ and the ‘Dissenting experience’, these studies offer fresh ways of understanding Protestant Dissent in seventeenth-century England: through differences in ecclesiology and pastoral theory, and via the buildings in which Dissent was nurtured to the building-up of Dissent during periods of civil war, persecution, and revolution. To do so, they draw on a broad range of printed and archival materials: from the minutes of the Westminster Assembly to the manuscript church books of early Dissenting congregations.
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Мартынова, М. Ю., О. Д. Фаис-Леутская, Ю. А. Перевозчиков, А. Е. Загребин, Л. С. Гущян, В. В. Федченко, А. Н. Кожановский, et al. Вкус Европы. Антропологическое исследование культуры питания: Коллективная монография. Кучково поле Музеон, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/978-5-907174-47-4/1-568/48.
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В фокусе внимания творческого коллектива, объединившего сотрудников Центра европейских исследований Института этнологии и антропологии им. Н. Н. Миклухо- Маклая РАН, Отдела европеистики Музея антропологии и этнографии им. Петра Великого (Кунсткамера) РАН, а также нескольких приглашенных ученых, находится широкий диапазон проблем, связанных с культурой питания и пищевыми практиками европейцев. Исследование, выполненное с позиций социальной антропологии, построено на полевых материалах авторов, архивных и других источниках. При изучении социокультурной роли европейской пищи акцент делается на следующих вопросах: алиментарные практики и истоки традиции, пища и идентичность, система питания и социальность, кухня и гендер, еда как символ и политический инструмент, вкус в культурах, национальная кухня и аутентичные рецепты, трапеза, этикет и обряд. Книга состоит из пяти разделов, поделенных на 16 глав, отличающихся тематикой исследуемых сюжетов, рассматриваемых на материалах конкретного региона, народа или пищевого феномена. Монография представляет интерес для специалистов и широкого круга читателей. The members of the team, which includes researchers coming from the Center for European Studies of the N. N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Department of Europe of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the RAS, aswell as a number of invited scholars, focused their attention on a broad range of problems related to the Europeans’ food culture and eating habits. The socio-anthropological research is drawing upon the field data collected by the authors, archival and historiographical material, and other kinds of sources. While studying the sociocultural role of food in Europe, special emphasis is given to alimentary practices and sources of the tradition, food and identity, system of nutrition and sociality, cuisine and gender, food as a symbol and a political instrument, taste in cultures, ethnic cuisine and authentic receipts, and meal, etiquette and ritual. The book consists of five parts divided into 16 chapters, each dedicated to its own subject-matter illustrated with examples from a given region, ethnic group, or food-related phenomenon. The monography might be of interest to specialists and also appeal to a large audience.
Book chapters on the topic "Archival, Repository and Related Studies"
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Norén, Fredrik. "Nordic Public Information: An Epistemic Community of Experiences and Ideas in the 1970s." In Nordic Media Histories of Propaganda and Persuasion, 73–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05171-5_4.
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AbstractThis chapter studies the exchanges of ideas and experiences related to public information within the Nordic region and beyond. As an empirical case, the analytical focus centres on the Swedish Board of Public Information (Nämnden för samhällsinformation, 1971–1981) and traces the various contacts—through seminars, study visits, conferences, and so on—that the agency initiated and was part of during the 1970s. By examining the archival material through the concepts of epistemic community and circulation of knowledge, the analysis shows how issues of public information attracted various actors—which represented different social sectors (bureaucracy, advertising industry, academia, etc.) and different interests—that met across national borders in attempts to address challenges of communicating societal important information to citizens.
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Santos, Milton, Luís Bastião, Carlos Costa, Augusto Silva, and Nelson Rocha. "Clinical Data Mining in Small Hospital PACS." In Information Systems and Technologies for Enhancing Health and Social Care, 236–51. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3667-5.ch016.
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Technological developments in the medical imaging acquisition and storage process have triggered the use of PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems) with gradually larger archives. Nowadays, there is data stored in the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) file that is not searchable using the traditional PACS database. However, it may represent an important source of information for continuous professional practice improvement. The use of DICOM Data Mining tools has been a valuable asset to analyze the information stored in the DICOM file and can result in gathering important data for the professional practice improvement. These tools can also contribute to the PACS information audit and facilitate access to relevant clinical data within programs for quality continuous improvement. By allowing the construction of multiple views over data repository in a flexible and quickly way and with the possibility to export data for further statistical analysis, Dicoogle permits the identification of data and process inconsistencies that can contribute to radiology department improvement, such as in dose surveillance and patient safety programs and image quality control initiatives. However, the assessment of relevant data for practice improvement must take into account several factors related to the informational environment, professional reality, and healthcare goals and mission. This chapter describes a method to examine and perform studies over a medical imaging repository. Moreover, a case study of a small hospital where the obtained results are discussed is shown.
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Santos, Milton, Luís Bastião, Carlos Costa, Augusto Silva, and Nelson Rocha. "Clinical Data Mining in Small Hospital PACS." In Healthcare Administration, 47–65. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6339-8.ch003.
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Technological developments in the medical imaging acquisition and storage process have triggered the use of PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems) with gradually larger archives. Nowadays, there is data stored in the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) file that is not searchable using the traditional PACS database. However, it may represent an important source of information for continuous professional practice improvement. The use of DICOM Data Mining tools has been a valuable asset to analyze the information stored in the DICOM file and can result in gathering important data for the professional practice improvement. These tools can also contribute to the PACS information audit and facilitate access to relevant clinical data within programs for quality continuous improvement. By allowing the construction of multiple views over data repository in a flexible and quickly way and with the possibility to export data for further statistical analysis, Dicoogle permits the identification of data and process inconsistencies that can contribute to radiology department improvement, such as in dose surveillance and patient safety programs and image quality control initiatives. However, the assessment of relevant data for practice improvement must take into account several factors related to the informational environment, professional reality, and healthcare goals and mission. This chapter describes a method to examine and perform studies over a medical imaging repository. Moreover, a case study of a small hospital where the obtained results are discussed is shown.
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Pedrera-Jimenez, Miguel, Noelia Garcia-Barrio, Gema Hernandez-Ibarburu, Blanca Baselga, Alvar Blanco, Fernando Calvo-Boyero, Alba Gutierrez-Sacristan, et al. "Building an i2b2-Based Population Repository for COVID-19 Research." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220460.
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Reuse of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) for specific diseases such as COVID-19 requires data to be recorded and persisted according to international standards. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (H12O) evolved its EHRs: it identified, modeled and standardized the concepts related to this new disease in an agile, flexible and staged way. Thus, data from more than 200,000 COVID-19 cases were extracted, transformed, and loaded into an i2b2 repository. This effort allowed H12O to share data with worldwide networks such as the TriNetX platform and the 4CE Consortium.
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Lieber, Sven, Dylan Van Assche, Sally Chambers, Fien Messens, Friedel Geeraert, Julie M. Birkholz, and Anastasia Dimou. "BESOCIAL: A Sustainable Knowledge Graph-Based Workflow for Social Media Archiving." In Studies on the Semantic Web. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ssw210045.
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Social media as infrastructure for public discourse provide valuable information that needs to be preserved. Several tools for social media harvesting exist, but still only fragmented workflows may be formed with different combinations of such tools. On top of that, social media data but also preservation-related metadata standards are heterogeneous, resulting in a costly manual process. In the framework of BESOCIAL at the Royal Library of Belgium (KBR), we develop a sustainable social media archiving workflow that integrates heterogeneous data sources in a Europeana and PREMIS-based data model to describe data preserved by open source tools. This allows data stewardship on a uniform representation and we generate metadata records automatically via queries. In this paper, we present a comparison of social media harvesting tools and our Knowledge Graph-based solution which reuses off-the-shelf open source tools to harvest social media and automatically generate preservation-related metadata records. We validate our solution by generating Encoded Archival Description (EAD) and bibliographic MARC records for preservation of harvested social media collections from Twitter collected at KBR. Other archiving institutions can build upon our solution and customize it to their own social media archiving policies.
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Kumpuvaara, Krista, Vesa Jormanainen, Tarja Vainiola, and Tuija S. Ikonen. "Medical Device Incident Reports by Professional Users in Finland 2014–2021." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220753.
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Medical Device incident reporting is a legal obligation for professional users in Finland. We analyzed all medical device incident reports recorded into the national incident repository from January 2014 to August 2021. Among the total 5,897 records, annual numbers of incident reports varied between 463 and 1,190. Approximately 80% of the medical device incident reports were near misses, 18.7% were person injuries and 1.3% deaths. The number of annual medical device incident reports between hospital districts varied more than expected when related to the population of catchment area. There was a tendency towards lesser reports per population from smaller hospital districts. In conclusion, medical device incident reporting activity of the professional user varied both annually and geographically. A high number of incidents caused person injuries or even death, which arouses safety concerns. A further analysis is required to explore the causes behind our findings.
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Damiens, Antoine. "Festivals that (did not) Matter: Festivals’ Archival Practices and the Field Imaginary of Festival Studies." In LGBTQ Film Festivals. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463728409_ch01.
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Chapter 1 explores the historiographical and political project of festival studies. In considering queer film festivals’ investment in preserving their own history (or lack thereof) and the state of various archives, I am interested in two inter-related issues. 1. How do institutional settings, professionalization, and sexual politics shape festivals’ archival practices and/or the very existence of archives on film festivals? 2. How might we understand the gaps in the archives, the presence of documents that attest to the existence of yet do not describe ephemeral festivals? In recovering festivals which have been erased from traditional histories, Chapter 1 operates a critique of festival studies’ disciplinary unconscious. It reveals the set of theoretical coordinates which conditioned the development of the field.
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Darms, Johannes, Jörg Henke, Xioaming Hu, Carsten Oliver Schmidt, Martin Golebiewski, and Juliane Fluck. "Improving the FAIRness of Health Studies in Germany: The German Central Health Study Hub COVID-19." In Applying the FAIR Principles to Accelerate Health Research in Europe in the Post COVID-19 Era. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210818.
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The German Central Health Study Hub COVID-19 is an online service that offers bundled access to COVID-19 related studies conducted in Germany. It combines metadata and other information of epidemiologic, public health and clinical studies into a single data repository for FAIR data access. In addition to study characteristics the system also allows easy access to study documents, as well as instruments for data collection. Study metadata and survey instruments are decomposed into individual data items and semantically enriched to ease the findability. Data from existing clinical trial registries (DRKS, clinicaltrails.gov and WHO ICTRP) are merged with epidemiological and public health studies manually collected and entered. More than 850 studies are listed as of September 2021.
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Babor, Thomas F., Sally Casswell, Kathryn Graham, Taisia Huckle, Michael Livingston, Esa Österberg, Jürgen Rehm, Robin Room, Ingeborg Rossow, and Bundit Sornpaisarn. "Overview of strategies and interventions to prevent and reduce alcohol-related harm." In Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity, 92—C6.P39. 3rd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844484.003.0006.
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Abstract This chapter sets the stage for the chapters to follow by describing how research is conducted to evaluate the benefits and costs of specific alcohol policies. The seven key policy areas that constitute the current public health approaches to alcohol-related problems are described in terms of their theoretical assumptions and broad policy goals, and the alcohol industry strategies that are addressed or remediated by them. The assumptions suggest that alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems can be reduced by a variety of mechanisms, including demand reduction, supply control, environmental constraints, deterrence, social pressure, health information, marketing restrictions, and treatment services. A variety of methodological approaches are described to illustrate how the impact of alcohol control strategies, as well as policy-relevant prevention and treatment interventions, are evaluated. These include experimental studies, survey research, analysis of archival and official statistics, time-series analyses, qualitative research, and natural experiments. Evaluation research has increased in its quality, breadth, and sophistication in recent years, making it possible to measure with increasing confidence whether a policy has any impact and to provide a ‘reality check’ to high expectations often attached to promising new initiatives.
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Solomina, Olga L. "The Fate of the A.S. Pushkin Archive in the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museum in 19th–20th Centuries." In Questions of Source and Text Studies of Russian Literature of the 19th Century. Collection of articles based on the materials of the International Scientific Conference, 44–65. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0687-1-44-65.
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The article traces the process of forming the A.S. Pushkin archive in the first public Moscow museum — Moscow Public and Rumyantsev museum, later the All-Union Public Library of the USSR named after V.I. Lenin. The archive was created for two reasons: identifying the poet’s documents in the archives and collections of his contemporaries and friends, and transfer of the archive kept in the family of Pushkin to museum. In the 19th century, admission the museum took place at the behest of fund holders. After 1917, the process changed — the museum received archives from the nationalized estates. Since the early 1930 in addition to archival documents memorial items be longing to the poet were transferred to the library. The process of centralization and subordination of state ideology affected the legacy of Pushkin. In 1937, an exhibition dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the death of the poet was held, and in 1938, on its basis, the State Museum of A.S. Pushkin, which was under the jurisdiction of IWL AS USSR. All materials related to the life and work of the poet, as well as the of A.S. Pushkin archive from the library were concentrated in the museum. The museum acted as a research center for Pushkin studies and a political and educational institution. In 1948 the State A.S. Pushkin Museum was transferred from Moscow to Leningrad and all the archival collections that belonged to the museum were transferred to the Institute of Russian Literature Academy of Sciences of USSR.
Conference papers on the topic "Archival, Repository and Related Studies"
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Bohm, Matt R., Jayson P. Vucovich, and Robert B. Stone. "An Open Source Application for Archiving Product Design Information." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35401.
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This paper describes an open source computer application developed at the University of Missouri - Rolla (UMR) for archiving product design information. The Repository Entry application is designed to work with the UMR design repository to record and upload product information. Written in C++, the application and user interface is compiled in Qt allowing for native Macintosh and Windows executables. The Repository Entry application can record all of the design information types allowed by the repository including: artifact-, function-, failure-, physical-, performance-, sensory- and media-related information types. By using XML, files can be seamlessly transferred between the Windows and Macintosh entry application versions as well as the online repository. Through an example product the procedure of using the entry application to record and upload design information is demonstrated. The result of this research is a fully functional, easy to use and multi-platform application to aid in the design information archival and reuse process.
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Quin˜ones, Javier, Joaquin Cobos Sabate, Eduardo Iglesias, Nieves Rodriguez, and Aurora Marti´nez-Esparza. "Application of Spent Fuel Characterization and Leaching Studies for Validating Alteration Models." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7243.
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From the Spanish point of view, one of the key issues related to the HLW performance assessment is knowing and predicting, or modelling, the behaviour of spent fuel under geological repository conditions. Taking into account this objective, several experiments have been performed in order to split and determine the influence of different variables on the final stability of the spent fuel matrix in the geological repository. This paper presents some of the leaching results obtained with spent fuel and chemical analogues (UO2, alpha doped – UO2, SIMFUEL,) their application to extrapolate the corrosion behaviour for a long period of time and compare with corresponding data obtained using models. This procedure allows pointing out some of the uncertainties whose minimization is necessary to improve the models useful for performance assessment studies.
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Ionascu, L., M. Nicu, C. Turcanu, F. Dragolici, and Ghe Rotarescu. "XRD Studies of Cement Embedding Matrices Containing Complexing Reagents From Decontamination Practices." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96062.
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The study of embedding matrix of radioactive waste is an important issue concerning the need to assure the radiological safety requirements for final disposal. The conditioning of the radioactive wastes by cementation process involves also a structural investigation by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the samples prepared with cement and complexing agents at different concentration. This paper gives useful information about the influence of complexing agents related to damages produced in concrete microstructures. The experimental data obtained on samples kept in real repository environment for a period up to 15 years, offer structural information regarding the interaction between the different decontamination agents with the major components of the matrix.
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Lebedev, Pavel. "Three decades of management accounting in Russia: the evolution of understanding of management accounting concept." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.036.
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Purpose– the article explores how did management accounting concept evolve and develop in Russia during the post-Soviet era. This study is informed by the specific way of the development of management accounting in Russia and a lack of related studies. Research methodology – this is a historical study based on archival methods. Evidence was obtained from sources varying from related literature to personal field notes and reflections arising from observations and experience gained in my more than 2 decades as a consultant and educator in the field of management accounting. The analysis in this study follows an interpretive approach: a narrative analysis of evidence used the model of thematic analysis to arrive at the findings. Findings – the results of the research demonstrate that the management accounting evolution in Russia contains three distinct periods: 1990’s – transactional focus, mainly related to cost; 2000’s – management accounting as an internal advisory function; 2010’s – management accounting on its way to financial leadership. This evolution followed the same path as in the developed markets, however, the patterns of this typology in Russia were much weaker. The driving forces of the development of management accounting were different than in the environment of developed markets. The benefits of management accounting to the overall corporate success were insignificant at each of the discussed phases. Research limitations – research results could be influenced by contextual nature and subjectivity of interpretative analysis, possible incompleteness and subjective selection of archival data, limited resources for analysis and interpretation. Practical implications – the research enriches our understanding of the development of management accounting in emerging economies, and it could support decisions in the transformation of financial function along with its maturity continuum. Furthermore, this research could be used as a part of the content of programs in professional and business education. Originality/Value – there is a lack of similar studies, which makes the research a significant contribution to existing conversations in science and professional practice
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Kunsch, P. L. "A Framework for Assessing the Cost and Financing Uncertainties of the Belgian High Level-Waste Repository." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4636.
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This paper presents the general approach presently developed by ONDRAF/NIRAS/NERAS, the Belgian radioactive waste management agency for dealing with the economic and financial uncertainties of the High-level-Waste (HLW) repository project in clay. This project will be for many more years the object of R&D studies. Many uncertainties thus still exist regarding the final design, the eventual costs, and the realisation schedule. Recommendations from the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) are available for computing contingency factors to be applied on top of the basic costs delivered by project engineers. We show in this paper that fuzzy logic is a natural way to use the recommendations of EPRI. Fuzzy logic is a mathematical technique for representing unprecise or relatively vague judgments made by experts, like: ‘this project is preliminary’, ‘this concept is insufficiently mature’, etc. This approach is considered in many fields as being well-suited for coping with uncertainties implied by such judgments. In the present case, distinction is made between uncertainties related to policy, project, technology, and realisation schedule. The paper details the sequence of basic steps used by the agency to produce as a final product the per-unit tariff of the different waste categories. Expert judgments are interpreted by the fuzzy-logic technique to derive EPRI-like contingency factors for each project task, as well as a fuzzy operating schedule within a given political scenario. Conclusions are given on how this approach can be validated and set into practice.
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Pollone, Stefania. "A heritage to reveal and protect. Historical water-based paper mills and ironworks in Campania (Italy)." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15668.
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Within the rich heritage of vernacular architectures, hydraulic power works still exists in various parts of the Campania region in the South of Italy: paper mills and ironworks show aspects that require further investigation. Built according to the orographic features of the landscape and in relation to water use and supply, these structures need to be deepened in terms of understanding with respect to their building techniques, production technologies and principal vulnerabilities. Despite its relevance, in fact, the lack of knowledge about this water-related heritage in its material consistency, and the associated risk of loss for misuse or abandonment, needs to be addressed. Accordingly, this paper presents the first outcomes of a study about the evolution of ironworks and paper mills’ recurring assets, technologies and building techniques from the proto- to early industrial period; highlighting the historical adaptation skills to water and other local resources, as well as the vital connection of these historical factories to wider hydraulic systems in their territory. It is part of a broader applied research about water-related built heritage carried out at the University of Naples, in which educational activities and exchanges with local authorities have been combined. The paper offers new data on paper mills and ironworks construction history and their sustainable operation starting from the selection of relevant case studies in the regional context and through the crossing of direct field observations and indirect sources (e.g., bibliographical, iconographic, and archival), also to define a knowledge basis for future protection and preservation strategies.
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Zeid, Abe, and Sagar Kamarthi. "CAD/CAM Library of Parts and Assemblies for Engineering Curricula." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43252.
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Most often instructors and students are forced to search through a wide range of scattered resources, such as textbooks, archival journals, conference proceedings, Websites, and industry catalogs to identify parts/assemblies that demonstrate the CAD/CAM concepts of their interest. This long and tedious process is both a major impediment to student learning and a time-consuming distraction to effective teaching of CAD/CAM concepts. To address issues, this paper presents the concept of a CAD/CAM library of parts/assemblies of products for use in CAD/CAM related courses, to enhance student learning and critical thinking, and to increase the effectiveness of CAD/CAM teaching. The addition of pedagogical features to the CAD/CAM library will make it even more effective and useful. For every part/assembly, the CAD/CAM library has to provide not only geometric models with dimensions, but also has to include construction planning strategy, step-by-step creation procedure, modeling questions, and hands-on exercises that facilitate effective teaching and enhance student learning. In addition, the library has to offer its models in multiple formats so that they can be run on most of the commercial CAD systems. The library may have far-reaching impact on non-CAD/CAM areas, such as psychology and physics that require cognitive and 3D visualization studies. The paper presents the results and observation of using CAD/CAM library concept in teaching a CAD/CAM and design courses.
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Maranville, Victoria M., and Richard McGrath. "A Summary of Radiological Waste Disposal Practices in the United States and the United Kingdom." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16379.
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A systematic review of near-surface repositories for radioactive waste in the United States (US) was conducted. The main focus of the review consisted of a literature search of available documents and other published sources on low level radioactive waste (LLRW) disposal practices, remediation of LLRW sites in the US, and public participation for remediation efforts of near-surface radiological waste disposal sites in the US. This review was undertaken to provide background information in support of work by the United Kingdom’s (UK) Low Level Waste Repository (LLWR) and to aid in optimizing the future management of this site. The review contained a summary of the US and UK radiological waste classification requirements including a discussion of the waste types, disposal requirements, and the differences between US and UK disposal practices. A regulatory overview and evolution of regulatory requirements in the US is presented. The UK regulatory environment is also discussed and contrasted to the US process. The public participation, as part of the US regulatory process, is provided and the mechanism for stakeholder identification and involvement is detailed. To demonstrate how remediation of radiologically impacted sites is implemented in the US, existing US case studies, in which remediation activities were carried out, were reviewed. The following information was compiled: type of wastes disposed of to US shallow ground facilities [with comparison with UK classifications], facility designs (with special emphasis on those directly comparable to the subsurface conditions in the UK), and deficiencies identified in operation or in demonstrating safe post closure; and processes and difficulties in remedial actions encountered at the selected sites. Stakeholder involvement is discussed within the case studies. Publicly available information related to radiological waste management and disposal practices were reviewed. Two sites are presented in this publication for discussion. These US sites were selected based on the site similarities to conditions in the UK.
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Pe´rot, Bertrand, Jean-Luc Artaud, Christian Passard, and Anne-Ce´cile Raoux. "Experimental Qualification With a Scale One Mock-Up of the “Measurement and Sorting Unit” for Bituminized Waste Drums." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4597.
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Within the framework of the cleaning operation of the Marcoule reprocessing plant UP1 (France), the CEA (French Atomic Energy Commission) developed a measurement system for 225-liter drums filled with bituminized radioactive sludge originating from the effluent treatment. This work was carried out for the CODEM, which is an economic interest group made up of CEA, EDF (the French public utility) and COGEMA (the operator of UP1). CODEM is in charge of UP1 dismantling operations, especially waste retrieval. The bituminized waste drums mainly contain plutonium, americium, uranium, curium and various beta emitters among which some are responsible for significant gamma irradiation, such as 137Cs. The aim of this system is to sort the packages according to their radioactive level, so as to direct them towards the French Aube Center, which is a surface repository. This means they must meet the acceptance criteria related to their activities. Otherwise, they will remain in interim storage in Marcoule, pending the choice of a final mode of management (e.g. underground disposal). The assay system, called UTM (the French acronym for “Measurement and Sorting Unit”), consists of three stations devoted to active gamma imaging, gamma-ray spectroscopy and combined passive / active neutron measurements. After nearly 3 years of optimization and design studies [1], the CEA has built a scale one mock-up of UTM, called SYMETRIC. The purpose was to validate the performances formerly assessed by numerical simulation, mainly with the computer code MCNP [2]. We present here the experimental results obtained with SYMETRIC for five real bituminized waste drums. These confirm the expected performances in the measurement time assigned for each assay, which is limited to 1200 seconds. With the help of gamma imaging, we are able to determine the density of the bituminous mix with an uncertainty of ± 10% for a confidence level of 95%. We can also measure the filling height with an accuracy of ± 2 cm. These data allow us to correct matrix effects in gamma and neutron measurements. For these assays, the main results concern the detection limits and measurement uncertainties on 241Am, 239Pu and 240Pu. These radioisotopes represent the major part of the total alpha activity, which is a very sensitive parameter for surface disposal limited to a maximum level of about 10 GBq per drum. The alpha activity must be calculated after a radioactive decay of 300 years, which is the survey period of the French Aube Center. If we can detect the former isotopes, the uncertainties on their measured activities are roughly 50%. If not, the detection limits are around a few GBq. These performances are sufficient to allow the sorting of the drums to either surface repository or interim storage. However, in order to increase the margin between the detection limits and the acceptance criterion on the total alpha activity, additional studies on the optimization of the measurement performances will be carried out. In this context, the experience gained with the SYMETRIC mock-up will be very helpful.
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Szmitkowska, Agata. "FROM THE LUFTWAFFE HEADQUARTERS TO A SANATORIUM”. THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE HOLIDAY RESORT OF THE WARSAW EXECUTIVE BOARD OF THE TRADE UNION OF THE BOOK, PRESS AND RADIO EMPLOYEES IN GOŁDAP, MASURIA." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/26.
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This article presents the architecture, origin and the vicissitudes of the holiday resort which was dedicated to employees of the state media institutions of that time and which is representative of Polish holiday centres in Poland in the 1970s. It was developed near a town called Gołdap in northern Poland in the area of the Masurian Lake District which constituted a part of German East Prussia before 1945. The centre was planned in the land which operated as the Main Headquarters of the General Command of Luftwaffe during II World War. One of the key principles assumed by the designer of the holiday resort was not only the use of the natural advantages of the place but also the maximum adaptation of the preserved facilities, the foundations of the buildings and the infrastructure of the former military complex. The unusual architecture, attractive location and the scale of the constructed complex bespoke of the investors’ considerable wealth. The history of the centre entwined closely with important events in general history and the political and economic changes which occurred in Poland after 1989 determined the decision to introduce a new function of a sanatorium to the facility. The complex was then partially reconstructed and developed. This article was based on a number of researches. A detailed analysis was made of the related archival materials and scientific publications. A comparative analysis was conducted of the architecture of the centre and other facilities used for the same purpose which had been built in the 1960s and 1970s in Poland. The required field studies and photographic documentation of all the premises were performed simultaneously.
Reports on the topic "Archival, Repository and Related Studies"
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Dubeck, Margaret M., Jonathan M. B. Stern, and Rehemah Nabacwa. Learning to Read in a Local Language in Uganda: Creating Learner Profiles to Track Progress and Guide Instruction Using Early Grade Reading Assessment Results. RTI Press, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.op.0068.2106.
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The Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) is used to evaluate studies and monitor projects that address reading skills in low- and middle-income countries. Results are often described solely in terms of a passage-reading subtask, thereby overlooking progress in related skills. Using archival data of cohort samples from Uganda at two time points in three languages (Ganda, Lango, and Runyankore-Rukiga), we explored a methodology that uses passage-reading results to create five learner profiles: Nonreader, Beginner, Instructional, Fluent, and Next-Level Ready. We compared learner profiles with results on other subtasks to identify the skills students would need to develop to progress from one profile to another. We then used regression models to determine whether students’ learner profiles were related to their results on the various subtasks. We found membership in four categories. We also found a shift in the distribution of learner profiles from Grade 1 to Grade 4, which is useful for establishing program effectiveness. The distribution of profiles within grades expanded as students progressed through the early elementary grades. We recommend that those who are discussing EGRA results describe students by profiles and by the numbers that shift from one profile to another over time. Doing so would help describe abilities and instructional needs and would show changes in a meaningful way.
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Wandeler, Christian, and Steve Hart. The Central Valley Transportation Challenge. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2029.
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The Central Valley Transportation Challenge provides underserved minority students, who are primarily from rural areas, with high quality transportation-related educational experiences so that they learn about transportation-related topics and opportunities in transportation careers. The CVTC is a project-based learning program that brings university faculty and students to K–12 classrooms in rural areas. The project operated with three main objectives: (1) support K–12 teachers’ understanding and implementation of the CVTC programs; (2) connect K–12 students with university faculty and students, and transportation professionals through the CVTC program; and (3) develop an online hub with transportation-related lesson plans and sequences. The results of this study are reported as five case studies and a description of the online hub. The case studies illustrate how different pedagogical approaches and uses of technology were implemented and how the project connections between the schools, community members and professionals from transportation-related fields were developed. In addition, to support the sustainability of transportation-related learning across subsequent years, the research team created an online transportation resource repository. This hub was populated with lessons and units developed by pedagogical and content experts. The lessons cover the grades K–12 and range from brief lessons to very engaging and holistic two-week-long lesson sequences. The CVTC has proven to be a highly flexible and adaptive model due to the use of technology and the teachers’ experience and pedagogical expertise. The timing of the program during the COVID-19 pandemic also provided the students that were learning from home with an engaging learning experience and some relief for teachers who were already dealing with a lot of adjustments. In that sense, the program reached traditionally underserved students, but did so in a critical time where these students faced even more obstacles.
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Saldanha, Ian J., Wangnan Cao, Justin M. Broyles, Gaelen P. Adam, Monika Reddy Bhuma, Shivani Mehta, Laura S. Dominici, Andrea L. Pusic, and Ethan M. Balk. Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer245.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. This systematic review evaluates breast reconstruction options for women after mastectomy for breast cancer (or breast cancer prophylaxis). We addressed six Key Questions (KQs): (1) implant-based reconstruction (IBR) versus autologous reconstruction (AR), (2) timing of IBR and AR in relation to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, (3) comparisons of implant materials, (4) comparisons of anatomic planes for IBR, (5) use versus nonuse of human acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) during IBR, and (6) comparisons of AR flap types. Data sources and review methods. We searched Medline®, Embase®, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL®, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to March 23, 2021, to identify comparative and single group studies. We extracted study data into the Systematic Review Data Repository Plus (SRDR+). We assessed the risk of bias and evaluated the strength of evidence (SoE) using standard methods. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020193183). Results. We found 8 randomized controlled trials, 83 nonrandomized comparative studies, and 69 single group studies. Risk of bias was moderate to high for most studies. KQ1: Compared with IBR, AR is probably associated with clinically better patient satisfaction with breasts and sexual well-being but comparable general quality of life and psychosocial well-being (moderate SoE, all outcomes). AR probably poses a greater risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (moderate SoE), but IBR probably poses a greater risk of reconstructive failure in the long term (1.5 to 4 years) (moderate SoE) and may pose a greater risk of breast seroma (low SoE). KQ 2: Conducting IBR either before or after radiation therapy may result in comparable physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, and patient satisfaction with breasts (all low SoE), and probably results in comparable risks of implant failure/loss or need for explant surgery (moderate SoE). We found no evidence addressing timing of IBR or AR in relation to chemotherapy or timing of AR in relation to radiation therapy. KQ 3: Silicone and saline implants may result in clinically comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE). There is insufficient evidence regarding double lumen implants. KQ 4: Whether the implant is placed in the prepectoral or total submuscular plane may not be associated with risk of infections that are not explicitly implant related (low SoE). There is insufficient evidence addressing the comparisons between prepectoral and partial submuscular and between partial and total submuscular planes. KQ 5: The evidence is inconsistent regarding whether human ADM use during IBR impacts physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, or satisfaction with breasts. However, ADM use probably increases the risk of implant failure/loss or need for explant surgery (moderate SoE) and may increase the risk of infections not explicitly implant related (low SoE). Whether or not ADM is used probably is associated with comparable risks of seroma and unplanned repeat surgeries for revision (moderate SoE for both), and possibly necrosis (low SoE). KQ 6: AR with either transverse rectus abdominis (TRAM) or deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps may result in comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE), but TRAM flaps probably increase the risk of harms to the area of flap harvest (moderate SoE). AR with either DIEP or latissimus dorsi flaps may result in comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE), but there is insufficient evidence regarding thromboembolic events and no evidence regarding other surgical complications. Conclusion. Evidence regarding surgical breast reconstruction options is largely insufficient or of only low or moderate SoE. New high-quality research is needed, especially for timing of IBR and AR in relation to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, for comparisons of implant materials, and for comparisons of anatomic planes of implant placement.