Academic literature on the topic 'Architectures Jean Nouvel'

The article examines a group of exhibitions that took place in the late seventies and early eighties and are useful for grasping what was at stake regarding the debates on the tensions between modernist and post-modernist architecture. Among the exhibitions that are examined are Europa-America: Architettura urbana, alternative suburbane, curated by Vittorio Gregotti for the Biennale di Venezia in 1976; La Presenza del passato, curated by Paolo Portoghesi for the Biennale di Venezia in 1980; the French version of La presenza del passato—Présence de l’histoire, l’après modernisme—held in the framework of the Festival d’Automne de Paris in 1981; Architectures en France: Modernité/post-modernité, curated by Chantal Béret and held at the Institut Français d’Architecture (18 November 1981–6 February 1982); La modernité, un projet inachevé: 40 architectures, curated by Paul Chemetov and Jean-Claude Garcias for the Festival d’Automne de Paris in 1982; La modernité ou l’esprit du temps, curated by Jean Nouvel, Patrice Goulet, and François Barré and held at the Centre Pompidou in 1982; and Nouveaux plaisirs d’architecture, curated by Jean Dethier for the Centre Pompidou in 1985, among other exhibitions. Analysing certain important texts published in the catalogues of the aforementioned exhibitions, the debates that accompanied the exhibitions and an ensemble of articles in French architectural magazines such as L’Architecture d’aujourd’hui and the Techniques & Architecture, the article aims to present the questions that were at the centre of the debates regarding the opposition or osmosis between the modernist and postmodernist ideals. Some figures, such as Jean Nouvel, were more in favour of the cross-fertilisation between modernity and postmodernity, while others, such as Paul Chemetov, believed that architects should rediscover modernity in order to enhance the civic dimension of architecture. Following Pierre Bourdieu’s approach, the article argues that the tension between the ways in which each of these exhibitions treats the role of the image within architectural design and the role of architecture for the construction of a vision regarding progress is the expression of two divergent positions in social space.

The pop-up architecture (or landscape architecture) becomes popular nowadays. Some highlights include annual architecture program such as the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion at Hyde Park, London; MPavilion in Melbourne; MoMA PS1 and Heart Sculpture in New York. Many of these pop-up architectural works have been designed by world renowned architects, such as Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas, Hezorg and de Meuron, Jean Nouvel, Toyo Ito, SANAA, Shigeru Ban, BIG, etc. And many of these designs reflect innovative thinking that changes the professional world of architectural design. But above all, these pop-up architectures were created in responsive manner to the urban community and the community controversially has good response to this type of architecture. In the other words, pop-up architecture is the way the architects touch the heartbeat of the cities, make them livable for all. Ho Chi Minh City has its own types of pop-up landscape architecture, whereas this paper intends to explore in two case studies: Nguyen Hue Floral Boulevard and Nguyen Van Binh Book Street. Nguyen Hue Floral Street is celebrating now its twelfth birthday in the city. Nguyen Van Binh Book Street has just passed its first anniversary in 2017. Both cases live its own story behind the scene about how livable a city could be through place-making by architecture and landscape design. Throughout these cases, we would like to find out how this type of pop-up landscape architecture being realized and become popular in Ho Chi Minh City, and how it is devoted to a livable city for all.

This paper examines the contemporary conceptual, perceptive and aesthetic potential of architecture to transform into landscape by means of materialization. Contrary to the former, modernistic principles of transparency, which eliminated the wall between the internal and external space on a literal, visual level, contemporary social and visual context create the prerequisites for establishing a new, ambivalent treatment of (de)materialization of the border between architecture and the landscape. Such transformation was interpreted in the paper as a consequence of the general change related to determination of architectural form, as well as change in the sphere of theory of perception. The ambivalent relation on the line subject-architecture-landscape relies in the paper on the phenomenology of perception of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Juhani Pallasmaa, whereas the architectural actualization of the given concept was analysed on the example of two different authors? views - Kengo Kuma and Jean Nouvel. The emphasis on architectural experience, rather than on the architectural image, places the material in the domain of the main framework of this concept, whether based on its tactile (Kuma) or imaginary value (Nouvel). Finally, in order to make architectural materiality a part of the natural environment, both design methods paradoxically shift the materials from their natural context (truth to materials), whereby, consequently, except for materiality, the perceptive experience of the place itself is relativized.

While globalizing trends stimulate the creation of entirely new regions, established regional and local identities remain. Architectural historians, among others, explore the ways in which regionalism has been — and continues to be — defined and redefined. Current issues in this debate include what regional architectural traditions might be; whether regions can be defined by architecture; and how regional traditions of architecture have been defined and interpreted by artists, authors and scholars. Nineteenth-century Belgian architecture is particularly relevant in this context. The formation of Belgian Art Nouveau’s style and identity have both been the object of numerous studies, but while Art Nouveau is probably the best-known creation of Belgian nineteenth-century architecture, it is hardly the only one, nor indeed the only interesting one. One of the sources identified for Belgian Art Nouveau has been the milieu of the so-called Flemish Renaissance Revival, which produced such architectural gems as Emile Janlet’s (1839–1919) Belgian pavilion at the World Exhibition in Paris (1878) and Jean Winders’ (1849–1936) own house and studio (1882–83) in Antwerp (Fig. 1).

In this paper the authors are focusing on Jean Nouvel, a significant member of the French architect society. The aim of this research was to analyse the most remarkable elements of the architect’s life’s work: what kind of notable results he created, what ideas did he apply, etc. The authors tried to make a comparison between the design ways of architecture and mechanical engineering.

This article comparatively discusses the 14th International Architecture Biennale of Venice, directed by Rem Koolhaas, and the pilot exhibit and architectural design of Louvre Abu Dhabi undertaken by Jean Nouvel, in the context of recent big art events and world museums. Curatorial, historiographical, and installation strategies in these venues are differentiated in order to think through the question of displaying a global history of architecture. I make a distinction between the curatorial practices carried out in the Fundamentals and Absorbing Modernity sections of Venice's Central and National Pavilions as curator-as-author and curators-as-chorus, which I map onto recent historiographical and museum design practices, including the Louvre Abu Dhabi, to discuss the geopolitical implications of its installation strategies. I also argue that six methodological perspectives for displaying architectural history emerge from the curator-chorus of Absorbing Modernity, which can be identified as survey, nationalist history, case study, thematic history, archive metaphor, and deferment, all of which contribute to and raise questions about the ongoing project towards a global architectural history. After suggesting a difference between “world” and “global” history of architecture, I call for a more geopolitically conscious and cosmopolitan global history of architecture, by exposing the intactive bonds between the history of modernism and of colonization, as well as the continuing legacy of geopolitical and economic inequalities that operate in such venues.

AbstractFirst published in Paris in 1706, the ›Nouveau Traité de toute l’architecture ou l’art de Bastir‹ by Jean-Louis de Cordemoy marked a provocatively unprecedented point of view in the panorama of 18th century architectural theories. Through a critical revision of the excesses of the Baroque, which was considered the last rhetorical public manifestation of the Ancien Régime, and in the name of a logical renewal of design, the work immediately became the focus of a broad cultural debate, which continued until 1713 in a polemic with Amédée François Frézier. Revolutionary in its challenge to the Vitruvian orthodoxy, the Nouveau Traité developed the search for a Greek-Gothic architectural ideal, which, in a comparison between classical and modern, was realized in the querelle des Anciens et des Modernes and developed in France in the effort to define a ›national‹ architectural style. As precursor and inspiration for the aesthetics of Marc-Antoine Laugier, Cordemoy subjected adornment to the laws of bienséance and was a harbinger of the modern functionalist language – the principles of simplification of surfaces, a rigorous volumetric study that anticipated what in later decades would result in stereometric purity of Enlightenment experiments.

This article presents a perception of architecture in the context of an art. Juxtaposing the terms “architecture” and “art,” explaining them and presenting their mutual correlations contributes to deeper comprehension of the subject issue. Thanks to such an operation, the author of this article proves that, in spite of immense discrepancies of opinions published in the Internet, the typically technical discipline of science can also enchant us with its esthetic values. Although a major part of edifices situated in our environment are only hollow and soulless projections, there are still numerous places in the world that can be distinguished only thanks to outstanding premises, namely Sydney Opera. The article provides also a deep insight into various theses proving that both architects and artists look for an inspiration in the surrounding world, especially in the nature itself. In order to corroborate the aforementioned statements, the author of this paper mentions works of such architects as Jean Nouvel, Mies van der Rohe and Diller + Scofidio. However, there are still some designers who claim that architecture cannot be combined with art, since these two disciplines are completely different and have nothing in common with each other.

Light and architecture have a very strong relationship. Light is essential in the creation of attractive and successful buildings, but it may also show flaws. During the day, light glows along the building's façade, giving it a new appearance. From ancient temple and church builders to today's notable architects such as Tadao Ando, Jean Nouvel, and Louis I. Kahn, architects have always used this aspect. Light can also be employed to create an impact on architecture, as shown in the Empire State Building's various lighting usage. Artificial light is particularly significant in architectural displays, and light is very important in the construction of home buildings at night. This study uses qualitative methods with a descriptive-comparative approach to night lighting settings in outdoor spaces, applying Lumion 11, Enscape 3.4, and Twinmotion Edu 2022 rendering software. Models imported from SketchUp's 3D Warehouse are provided spotlight lighting at the same point in each application, as well as Omni lights to support lighting at night. Based on the results of the analysis of the use of Lumion 11, Enscape 3.4, and Twinmotion Edu 2022 rendering software, it is possible to conclude that Lumion 11 and Twinmotion Edu 2022 provide a very photorealistic outdoor space rendering experience at night, with each software platform offering good lighting features.

The aim of this study is to question the relationality between conception of image, social condition of an era and architecture. With acceptance of a transition to a new kind of relationality in contemporary era, a trialectical analysis is carried on, in order to understand changes in this relationality and its effects on contemporary architecture. Image, mainly depicted as the tool for communication, loses its transcendental and ideal status and degrades to an artificial and tricky state under the contemporary social condition. Likewise, current state of both image and social condition manipulates architecture, architectural production and the position of architect. Therefore, in this study, for understanding the new social condition, it is referred to the world constituted as a system of sign in philosophy of French thinker, Jean Baudrillard which originates from new status of image. For comprehension of contemporary architecture, it is referred to the practice of French architect, Jean Nouvel who features special value to image in his architecture. Finally, for consequences of this collision and effects on architecture, it is referred to the analysis of the book of &ldquo
The Singular Objects of Architecture&rdquo
which is composed of dialogues between Jean Baudrillard and Jean Nouvel.

Esta dissertação é parte integrante das atividades para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Artes pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Estética e História da Arte da Universidade de São Paulo (PGEHA-USP). Nela deseja-se identificar alguns conceitos presentes na Fenomenologia Existencial de Jean-Paul Sartre que podem se situar dentro da estrutura de formação do Projeto Moderno na Arquitetura e no Design. O pensamento moderno na arquitetura e o pensamento existencial na filosofia são, ambos, reflexos singulares de uma transformação muito mais ampla e radical na história do mundo ocidental. Porém este período - o final do século XIX e no início do século XX representa para a filosofia e para o campo artístico um momento de ruptura sem precedentes. Este pensamento transformador que gemina tanto na filosofia existencialista quanto na arquitetura moderna associados a estas transformações se evidenciam através dos manifestos, dos tratados e dos escritos desta época. Esta dissertação busca portanto encontrar, através da análise destes dois conjuntos teóricos, alguns conceitos que podem ser inter-relacionados. Ao final do processo espera-se, contudo, que as análises produzidas possam contribuir para ampliar, de um ponto de vista bastante específico, a percepção da formação movimento moderno na arquitetura e no design.
This work is part of the activities to obtain the title of Master of Arts from the Graduate Inter Program in Aesthetics and Art History at the University of São Paulo (USP-PGEHA). It is desired to identify some concepts present in the Existential Phenomenology of Jean-Paul Sartre that may be located within the training structure Modern Design in Architecture and Design. The modern thinking in architecture and existential thought in philosophy are both unique reflections of a much broader transformation and radical in the history of the Western world. But this time - the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century - is to philosophy and the artistic field a moment of unprecedented disruption. This transformer thought gemina both existentialist philosophy as in modern architecture - associated with these transformations - are evident through the manifestos, treaties and the writings of this time. This paper therefore seeks to find, through the analysis of these two theoretical sets, some concepts that can be interrelated. At the end of the process it is hoped, however, that produced analysis can contribute to enlarge, to a very specific point of view, the perception of training modern movement in architecture and design.

The work of Jean-Jacques Lequeu (1757-1826) is often used by architectural historians to demonstrate the erosion of the principles of classical architecture at the end of the eighteenth century. The Nouvelle Methode appliquee aux Principes elementaires du dessin completed by Lequeu in 1792, a drawing method showing the correct proportions of the face obtained through geometry, reveal another Lequeu, one sympathetic to the architectural theories of his time. The similarities between the Nouvelle Methode and the Dissertation sur les especes naturelles by the Dutch naturalist Petrus Camper (1722-1789) show the importance of the notion of caractere in the structure of knowledge of the classical age as portrayed by Michel Foucault. Simultaneously a theory of physionomy and a theory of architecture, the Nouvelle Methode demonstrates that the theory of caractere in both disciplines, far from announcing the birth of the modern age, is central to the pursuit of order which sustained architecture in the classical age.

L'art contemporain, de dé-définition en dé-définition, a évolué dans certains de ses développements, principalement sous la forme conceptuelle, vers une utilisation toujours plus prononcée du langage verbal, reléguant les préoccupations plastiques au second plan. L'architecture, art qui semble s'incarner fondamentalement dans la matérialité, connaît des évolutions analogues. Des architectes se positionnent sur le terrain du concept, faisant du discours l'outil principal de leur recherche. Partant de l'idée que pensée plastique et pensée verbale fonctionnent selon des modalités distinctes, nous avons étudié l'oeuvre, autant écrite que bâtie, d'architectes contemporains dont l'utilisation du texte est prépondérante dans la création. Nous avons distingué trois formes de discours - la forme poétique - qui fait du discours une oeuvre, la forme théorique - convoquant des concepts philosophiques, et la forme mathématique, qui ambitionne la création d'un méta-langage au service de la conception - et nous avons tenté de comprendre leur rôle respectifs dans la projétation
Contemporary art, through « de-definitions », has evolved in some of its developments, mainly in the conceptual form, into an ever more pronounced use of verbal language, relegating the plastic concerns to the background. Architecture, which seems to be embodied fundamentally through materiality, experiences similar trends. Some architects are positioned on the field of concepts, making speech the primary tool of their research. Based on the idea that plastic thinking and verbal thinking operate under separate arrangements, we studied the work, written and built, of contemporary architects for whom the use of text is prominent in creation. We have identified three forms of discourse, the poetic form - which makes speech a work of art, the theoretical form - convening philosophical concepts, and the mathematical form, which aims at creating a meta-language serving the design - and we tried to understand their respective parts in the project planning

Notre étude s’intéresse à l’agence André entre 1929 et 1973, période d’activité des frères Jacques et Michel André, architecte et ingénieur. Nous interrogeons leur production dans son contexte spatial et historique, à la lumière des notions de filiations et de réseaux. Issus d’une importante dynastie d’architectes en Lorraine, ils bénéficient d’un héritage à la fois matériel et intellectuel. Cet ancrage, soutenu par la foisonnante École de Nancy du début du siècle, favorise les réseaux de proximité comme les échanges culturels internationaux. Les frères André prolongent ce dynamisme critique en s’impliquant dans le Comité Nancy-Paris,l’Union des artistes modernes et la revue L’Architecture d’aujourd’hui. Dans l’Entre-deux guerres,ils sont les premiers architectes à collaborer durablement avec Jean Prouvé, avant d’associer à l’agence Claude, le fils de ce dernier, dans les années 1960. Proche des entrepreneurs locaux, les deux frères questionnent la valeur constructive de l’architecture :ils s’attachent à atteindre la perfection technique et expérimentent les matériaux. Cette recherche traverse leur production, depuis leur première grande réalisation, l’Institut de zoologie, inspiré par les procédés de Frank Lloyd Wright, jusqu’au musée de l’Histoire du fer,symbole de gloire industrielle régionale. Tandis que les années 1930 constituent une période d’intense créativité, l’agence développe après-guerre les outils nécessaires pour faire face à une commande massive, notamment postale, et se met en quête de productivité. L’agence des frères André constitue ainsi un témoin privilégié des bouleversements de la production architecturale au cours du XXème siècle
Our study focuses on the André agency between 1929 and 1973, period of activity of thebrothers Jacques and Michel André, architect and engineer. We question their production inits spatial and historical context, in the light of the notions of filiation and networks. Comingfrom a large dynasty of architects in Lorraine, they benefit from both material and intellectuallegacy. This rooting, supported by the teeming École de Nancy in the early century,promotes close networks as well as international cultural exchanges. The André brothersextend this critical dynamic by getting involved in the Comité Nancy-Paris, the Union desartistes modernes (UAM) and the L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui magazine. During the Interwarperiod, they were the first architects to work sustainably with Jean Prouvé, before associatingClaude, the son of the later, to the agency in the 1960s. Close to local building contractors,the two brothers question the constructive value of architecture: they focus on reaching ontechnical perfection and experimentation on materials. This research goes through theirproduction, since their first major achievement, the Institute of Zoology, inspired by FrankLloyd Wright’s processes, to the museum of iron history, symbol of the region's industrialglory. While the 1930s are a period of creativity, the agency develops postwar the toolsneeded to face intense order, in particular postal, and shifts toward a quest for productivity.The André agency thus constitutes a privileged witness to the upheavals of architecturalproduction during the 20th century

Notre étude s’intéresse à l’agence André entre 1929 et 1973, période d’activité des frères Jacques et Michel André, architecte et ingénieur. Nous interrogeons leur production dans son contexte spatial et historique, à la lumière des notions de filiations et de réseaux. Issus d’une importante dynastie d’architectes en Lorraine, ils bénéficient d’un héritage à la fois matériel et intellectuel. Cet ancrage, soutenu par la foisonnante École de Nancy du début du siècle, favorise les réseaux de proximité comme les échanges culturels internationaux. Les frères André prolongent ce dynamisme critique en s’impliquant dans le Comité Nancy-Paris,l’Union des artistes modernes et la revue L’Architecture d’aujourd’hui. Dans l’Entre-deux guerres,ils sont les premiers architectes à collaborer durablement avec Jean Prouvé, avant d’associer à l’agence Claude, le fils de ce dernier, dans les années 1960. Proche des entrepreneurs locaux, les deux frères questionnent la valeur constructive de l’architecture :ils s’attachent à atteindre la perfection technique et expérimentent les matériaux. Cette recherche traverse leur production, depuis leur première grande réalisation, l’Institut de zoologie, inspiré par les procédés de Frank Lloyd Wright, jusqu’au musée de l’Histoire du fer,symbole de gloire industrielle régionale. Tandis que les années 1930 constituent une période d’intense créativité, l’agence développe après-guerre les outils nécessaires pour faire face à une commande massive, notamment postale, et se met en quête de productivité. L’agence des frères André constitue ainsi un témoin privilégié des bouleversements de la production architecturale au cours du XXème siècle
Our study focuses on the André agency between 1929 and 1973, period of activity of thebrothers Jacques and Michel André, architect and engineer. We question their production inits spatial and historical context, in the light of the notions of filiation and networks. Comingfrom a large dynasty of architects in Lorraine, they benefit from both material and intellectuallegacy. This rooting, supported by the teeming École de Nancy in the early century,promotes close networks as well as international cultural exchanges. The André brothersextend this critical dynamic by getting involved in the Comité Nancy-Paris, the Union desartistes modernes (UAM) and the L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui magazine. During the Interwarperiod, they were the first architects to work sustainably with Jean Prouvé, before associatingClaude, the son of the later, to the agency in the 1960s. Close to local building contractors,the two brothers question the constructive value of architecture: they focus on reaching ontechnical perfection and experimentation on materials. This research goes through theirproduction, since their first major achievement, the Institute of Zoology, inspired by FrankLloyd Wright’s processes, to the museum of iron history, symbol of the region's industrialglory. While the 1930s are a period of creativity, the agency develops postwar the toolsneeded to face intense order, in particular postal, and shifts toward a quest for productivity.The André agency thus constitutes a privileged witness to the upheavals of architecturalproduction during the 20th century

Etude monographique et développement historique de E 1027 maison en bord de mer réalisée par Eileen Gray (1878-1976) et Jean Badovici (1893-1956) à Roquebrune Cap Martin (FR-06) en 1926-29. E 1027 et le travail d'Eileen Gray ont fait l'objet de multiples écrits, qui pourraient laisser penser que le sujet est achevé. Pourtant ces écrits présentent tous une histoire incomplète des lieux et pour la plupart des analyses et affirmations qui ne sont pas toutes cohérentes et régulièrement erronées, en raison du nombre réduit d'archives sur lesquelles elles s'appuient – toujours les mêmes – et de leur faible voir non confrontation à la matière construite. De plus, une période importante de l'histoire de la maison entre 1929 et 1956 est en grande partie inconnue du fait de l'absence de sources et n'est de fait que partiellement décrite. L'auteur a la chance, au sortir de son diplôme d'architecte déjà centré sur E 1027 et la restauration du patrimoine XXe (ENSAM 1998), d'être nommé responsable de la maison et de préparer sa restauration en travaillant sur place durant cinq ans (1999-2004). Parallèlement il obtient un DEA en histoire de l'architecture contemporaine (Paris I, 1999), qui lui permet d'acquérir les méthodes de recherche et d'analyse historiques, indispensables à ses travaux sur place. Il peut donc confronter l'histoire à la matière construite sur un temps long inédit. Il adopte aussi une approche archéologique qui révèle un grand nombre d'informations nouvelles. Il commence dans le même temps à rechercher le mobilier d'origine de la maison dispersé pour l'étudier dans tous ses détails en vue d'une éventuelle reconstruction pour la maison. Il retrouve en Europe et aux Etats-Unis la grande majorité des pièces vendues et se voit accorder l'accès sans réserve à celles-ci par les différents propriétaires publics et privés. Il accède aussi à plusieurs reprises à Tempe a Pailla, la maison personnelle d'Eileen Gray, et dispose d'un accès sans réserve au mobilier en place, pour une étude comparative avec E 1027. Il identifie les différents fonds d'archives disponibles. Il retrouve en 2007, après plusieurs années de recherche proches de l'enquête policière, le fonds d'archives personnel de Jean Badovici réputé disparu. Ce fonds inconnu se révèle d'une très grande richesse et permet d'apporter une nouvelle précision et fidélité à l'histoire de la maison et de son développement, notamment entre les années 1929 et 1956. Il retrouve aussi plusieurs témoins vivants de l'histoire des lieux, dont le menuisier attitré d'Eileen Gray ou encore la dernière compagne de Jean Badovici qui vécut dans la maison de 1947 à 1956 et en a conservé des souvenirs précis et précieux. L'auteur réalise un relevé complet de E 1027 pièce par pièce et 1 500 clichés de la maison avant restauration. Il réalise les plans de reconstitution de E 1027 et de l'ensemble du mobilier tels qu'ils se présentent en 1929. Après avoir quitté ses fonctions à E 1027 en 2004, l'auteur est à nouveau engagé en 2016, avec son confrère Burkhardt Rukschcio, pour reconstruire le mobilier de la maison et comme conseiller historique et technique pour la restauration du bâti. Ce travail de reconstruction et restauration, qui s'est achevé en 2021, apporte une connaissance supplémentaire de la maison, de son mobilier et ses équipements qui enrichissent une fois encore la recherche doctorale. La thèse que souhaite présenter l'auteur est donc une étude monographique de E 1027 mariant trois compétences qu'il a mises en œuvre dans ses recherches, archéologique, historique et architecturale, pour servir une nouvelle histoire des lieux dénouant les approximations, les légendes et les analyses erronées publiées jusque-là sur le sujet, en s'appuyant sur des données vérifiées et recoupées, issues d'un rassemblement inédit des sources disponibles, la découverte de sources nouvelles, et la confrontation unique sur une telle durée à la matière construite et à sa reconstitution
Monographic study and historical development of E 1027 house by the sea realized by Eileen Gray (1878-1976) and Jean Badovici (1893-1956) in Roquebrune Cap Martin (FR-06) in 1926-29. E 1027 and the work of Eileen Gray have been the subject of many writings, which might suggest that the subject is finished. Yet these writings all present an incomplete history of the places and for the most part analyzes and affirmations which are not all coherent and regularly erroneous, because of the reduced number of archives on which they rest - always the same ones - and their small or no confrontation with the constructed matter. In addition, an important period in the history of the house between 1929 and 1956 is largely unknown due to the lack of sources and is in fact only partially described. The author has the chance, after graduating from an architect already focused on E 1027 and the restoration of heritage XX (ENSAM 1998), to be appointed head of the house and prepare its restoration by working on site for five years (1999-2004). At the same time, he obtained a DEA in the history of contemporary architecture (Paris I, 1999), which enabled him to acquire the methods of research and historical analysis, which are essential for his work on the spot. He can thus confront history with matter built on a long time never done before. It also adopts an archaeological approach that reveals a lot of new information. At the same time, he begins to search for the original furniture of the house scattered to study it in all its details for a possible reconstruction for the house. It finds in Europe and in the United States the great majority of the pieces sold and is granted unreserved access to them by the various owners, public en private. He also regularly accesses in Tempe a Pailla, the personal home of Eileen Gray, and has unrestricted access to the furniture in place, for a comparative study with E 1027. It identifies the different archive holdings available. He finds in 2007, after several years of research close to the police investigation, the personal archive of Jean Badovici considered missing. This unknown fund is very rich and can bring a new precision and fidelity to the history of the house and its development, especially between the years 1929 and 1956. He also finds several living witnesses of the history of the place, including the carpenter of Eileen Gray or the last wife of Jean Badovici who lived in the house from 1947 to 1956 and has kept accurate and precious memories. The author makes a complete architectural survey of E 1027 piece by piece and 1,500 pictures of the house before restoration. He realizes the reconstruction plans of E 1027 and all the furniture as they are presented in 1929. After leaving his work at E 1027 in 2004, the author is again engaged in 2016, with his colleague Burkhardt Rukschcio, to rebuild the furniture of the house and as historical and technical adviser for the restoration of the building. This reconstruction and restoration work, which is completed in 2021, provides additional knowledge of the house, its furniture and equipment that once again enrich the doctoral research. The thesis that the author wishes to present is therefore a monographic study of E 1027 combining three skills that he has implemented in his research, archaeological, historical and architectural, to serve a new history of the places resolving the approximations, the legends and the erroneous analyzes published so far on the subject, relying on verified and cross-checked data, resulting from an unprecedented gathering of available sources, the discovery of new sources, and the unique confrontation over such a period of time with constructed matter and its reconstitution

Thomas Bauer looks at the architecture of Braga’s novel 5 000 (1924) in order to understand the work’s contribution to literary style, narrative framework, and its relationship to other avant-garde novels. As Bauer relates, during the summer of 1924 and the Olympic Games in Paris, and one month to the day before the much-hyped 5,000-meter race final, a young writer of Brazilian origin, Dominique Braga, published a sports novel called 5 000 with Gallimard. As a result of his topic and the originality of his poetics, Braga received a great deal of press coverage, and his novel was an unanticipated success. Sports and literary critics were unanimous in their praise, and many columnists wrote about it between June and November 1924. For instance, Ramón Fernández, a literary critic of the Nouvelle revue française, found its analysis to be of the highest order, such as its account of a runner’s foot movement, and the formation of ‘gauging’ or movement of the eyes up towards the ears. As Bauer shows, contrary to other novels that have eventually sunk into oblivion, 5 000 is still very much alive in recent memory.

The 17th century has always been called 'the century of flowers'. Apart from the invasion of exotic plants from the New World, the birth of the Flower Garden as a new type of exposition and the evolution of the art of gardening, the flower is a symbol of an era. Baroque architecture is defined precisely by the 'witty shapes' of the curved lines and the impressive 'decorative efflorescence'. This paper intends to highlight the neo-Baroque character intrinsically present in some of the greatest contemporary architects such as Paolo Portoghesi, Frank Gehry and Jean Nouvel who, in parallel with the rediscovery of the value of the Baroque period in the 20th century, have re-proposed neo-Baroque aesthetics and forms in their architecture, making their architecture "bloom" by proposing that dynamic of folds well described by Deleuze's philosophy. It is possible to reflect on a widespread contemporary aesthetic among the most important contemporary architects in which neo-Baroque flowers express the same qualities as the flowers found in 17th-century architecture: ephemerality and precariousness. Keywords: Neo-Baroque;

Resumen: Las publicaciones especializadas de arquitectura facilitan la difusión de ideas, métodos y técnicas del período concreto de su existencia. Sus contenidos, analizados al cabo del tiempo, conforman un atlas de pensamiento capaz de enmarcar la interpretación social de un contexto espacio-temporal bajo el prisma de lo constructivo. Jean Badovici funda en 1923, junto al periodista Christian Zervos, la revista L’Architecture Vivante (1923-1933) editada por Albert Morancé. La aparición en sus páginas de una arquitectura técnicamente bien definida, acompañada de reseñas redactadas con rigor crítico por su director, o por los propios autores de las obras, hicieron de ella un instrumento prestigioso de propagación de las nuevas ideas entre el público profesional. Una relectura contemporánea de los textos y proyectos publicados, permite detectar el itinerario intelectual llevado a cabo por sus responsables respecto al convulso y cambiante entorno arquitectónico europeo en el que fijaron su mirada. En esa evolución, manifestada en apenas el período de una década, hay que subrayar el protagonismo adquirido por la obra de Le Corbusier que, a partir del cierre de L’Esprit Nouveau en 1925, no dudó en considerarla una excelente herramienta de exposición al debate de sus ideas, incluyendo en ella los proyectos y escritos realizados en pro de una arquitectura moderna. Abstract: The specialized publications in architecture facilitate the diffusion of ideas, methods and techniques of the particular period of its existence. Its contents, analyzed over time, make up an atlas of thought capable of framing the social interpretation of a spatial-temporal context under the prism of the constructive. Jean Badovici founded in 1923, together with the journalist Christian Zervos, the magazine L'Architecture Vivante (1923-1933), edited by Albert Morancé. The appearance on its pages of an architecture technically well- defined, accompanied by critiques written with critical rigor by its director, or for the authors of the works, they did of her a prestigious instrument of spread of the new ideas among the professional public. A contemporary revisiting of the texts and published projects, allows to detect the intellectual itinerary carried out by its persons in charge with regard to the convulsed and changeable European architectural environment in which they fixed its look. In this evolution manifested, in just the period of a decade, we must emphasize the prominence given to the work of Le Corbusier who, from the closure of L'Esprit Nouveau in 1925, did not hesitate in considering it as an excellent tool for exposure to the discussion of his ideas, including in it projects and writings made for a modern architecture. Palabras clave: Le Corbusier; L’Architecture Vivante; Jean Badovici; revistas; arquitectura. Keywords: Le Corbusier; L’Architecture Vivante; Jean Badovici; magazines, architecture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.929