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Journal articles on the topic 'Architecture circulaire'
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Dautremont, Charlotte, Charlélie Dagnelie, and Sylvie Jancart. "Le BIM6D comme levier pour une architecture circulaire." SHS Web of Conferences 47 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184701005.
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Pendant trente ans, l’architecture durable s’est concentrée sur les performances énergétiques des bâtiments et sur les économies d’énergies. Aujourd’hui, d’autres modèles économiques sont étudiés et le modèle linéaire va côtoyer d’ici quelques années le modèle circulaire. Pour des raisons principalement environnementales et économiques, la société retrouve de l’intérêt pour le réemploi et l’économie circulaire. Parallèlement, le processus collaboratif BIM modifie le flux de travail des acteurs de la construction. Cet article s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une recherche sur la relation entre la circularité de (et dans) l’architecture et le processus BIM. Nous voulons à travers lui dégager des pistes pour inclure ce modèle dans la pratique quotidienne des architectes grâce au BIM tout en tenant compte des freins et des leviers liés à ce dernier.
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Rochard, Joël. "Architecture et conception durable d’une cave : concept, application et exemples." BIO Web of Conferences 56 (2023): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20235602002.
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La construction d’un chai, ainsi que sa rénovation, imposent la prise en compte du développement durable. Cet aspect est particulièrement important pour les caves, construites pour très longtemps et support de l’image de la structure. L'architecture bioclimatique, est une approche destinée à tirer le meilleur parti des conditions d'un site et de son environnement, pour une conception naturellement confortable pour ses utilisateurs tout en optimisant notamment la gestion de l’eau et de l’énergie. L’optimisation de l’énergie, et la réduction de l’impact sur l’effet de serre associent l’utilisation de l’inertie thermique du sous-sol, et d’énergies renouvelables (solaire, puits canadien, géothermie, etc.). Vis-à-vis des effluents, le traitement écologique, vise à réduire la consommation d’énergie, à mieux s’intégrer dans le paysage et éventuellement contribuer à un développement de la biodiversité. Celui-ci repose souvent sur le principe de phytoremédiation par les plantes avec une vision d’économie circulaire. Ces traitements visent également progressivement un recyclage de l’eau pour l’irrigation ou éventuellement les dispositifs de refroidissement de la cave. La communication a pour objectif de présenter les principales pistes et démarches opérationnelles, qui peuvent s’appliquer aux caves avec les labels et retours d’expérience dans différentes régions du monde.
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Margueron, Jean-Claude. "Notes d'archéologie et d'architecture orientales: Architecture circulaire dans l'univers syro-mésopotamien au début du IIIe millénaire (NAAO,10)." Syria 76, no. 1 (1999): 19–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/syria.1999.7609.
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Kirps, Josée. "Un nouveau bâtiment pour les Archives nationales du Luxembourg." La Gazette des archives 263, no. 3 (2021): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/gazar.2021.6098.
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Après des années d’attentes et de revirements, le Conseil de gouvernement du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg décida, au mois de mai 2016, d’inscrire le projet de construction d’un nouveau bâtiment pour les Archives nationales sur la liste des grands projets d’infrastructures à soumettre à la Commission du contrôle de l’exécution budgétaire et de charger le Fonds Belval à entamer les études préliminaires d’APS et d’APD et de finaliser le projet de loi y afférent. Au cours de la séance publique du 23 juillet 2020, la Chambre des députés a adopté le projet de loi relative à la construction et à l’équipement d’un nouveau bâtiment pour les Archives nationales, et à l’aménagement des alentours. Implanté sur l’ancien site industriel Esch-Belval, dans le sud du pays, à 20 km de la capitale, le nouveau bâtiment s’étend sur quelque 16 000 m 2 et se compose de trois volumes qui se différencient par leurs fonctions et leur architecture : le volume abritant les surfaces de dépôts, le volume abritant les fonctions administratives, les locaux logistiques ainsi que les espaces publics de consultation et enfin le volume tampon. Le bâtiment est conçu comme un bâtiment à énergie positive et met en œuvre des matériaux écologiques et des techniques constructives à faible empreinte environnementale ainsi que des concepts d’économie circulaire notamment par l’emploi de matériaux recyclables et/ou recyclés.
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Astrini, Wulan, E. B. Kurniawan, and M. Abdillah. "The Characteristics of Mosque Architecture Based on Public Preferences in Malang City." TATALOKA 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.1.137-145.
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Mosque is an architectural work and public facility that serves as a worship place for Muslims. Mosque architectural elements include domes (roofs), mihrab, minaret, arch, and ornaments. Mosque architecture comprises of various elements, which adapt to the local culture where the mosque is located. As such, its presence also bears some impacts on the appearance of urban architecture. Malang city as one of the major cities in East Java has numerous rapidly developing mosque architectures, including Jami’ Great Mosque of Malang, Sabilillah Mosque, Nurul Muttaqin Mosque, Ahmad Yani Mosque, and Manarul Huda Mosque. The meaning of architectural work is also closely related to the perception of humans who observe it. The public preference for the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city is a manifestation of architectural work. Conjoined analysis is employed as method operative to analyze public preference. This study aims to find out the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city according to public preferences. The findings can serve as a recommendation for the development of mosque architectural designs in Malang city, especially those possessing locality values. The architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city which are driven by the public preferences ranging from the highest to the lowest, which is why mosques generally have calligraphy ornaments, circular arch, pentagon-shaped minaret, Indo-Persian dome, and two-minaret design.
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Dongez, Nazli, Kunter Manisa, and Serhat Basdogan. "Tendency to Circular Economy." Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research 18, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enqarcc.v18i2.1089.
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Urbanization and building production that accelerate with globalization, cause excessive resource consumption and waste generation. The circular economy concept which is a contemporary economy approach, has been developed to solve this environmental and economic problem. The construction sector and architectural practice that provide building production need innovative solutions through the circular economy concept, as they consume different resources and produce waste crises. The circular economy concept is applied with the "adaptive reuse" approach in the field of architecture. One of the important applications of the concept of adaptive reuse is the reuse of architectural elements and materials. However, the relationship between the concept of circular economy and the reuse of architectural elements can be developed by examining several recent projects and its advantages. In this article, it is aimed to examine the relationship of this architectural reuse approach with the circular economy concept and to emphasize its importance. For this purpose, the theoretical perspectives and effects of circular economy were examined in the first part of the article, and the reflections of the circular economy concept on architecture were given in the second part. This section continues with description of the comparative analysis methodology that relates the building life cycle and circular economy principles to examine the architectural projects built as an example of circular economy paradigm. In the third chapter, two architectural sample projects built in China and France were selected and introduced. Being pioneers in their countries in circular economy approaches and the different environmental policies of countries have been effective in the selection of examples from different geographies. The fourth part consists of analyzing the projects according to circular economy parameters using comparative analysis method. In the last section, analysis results show that although China is one of the pioneers in adopting circular economy principles with architectural design and building life cycle, it has been found that France considers circular economy design from a broader perspective. Also, the design approach with circular economy criteria in different stage of building life cycle is gaining momentum over the years through national and local governments and collaborations. It is recommended that technological design systems such as BIM can be developed as integrated cloud systems that can share information from other sectors. Because the building life cycle is not only related to the architecture and construction sector. It is a cyclical system and economy that works with different sectors such as supply and waste management.
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Vrontissi, Maria, Sotiria Alexiadou, and Nikoletta Poulimeni. "Mapping the Landscape of Circular Design Thinking and Practices in Architecture Education in Greece." E3S Web of Conferences 436 (2023): 06013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343606013.
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The present contribution discusses how circular thinking and design-and-build practices are implemented in architectural curricula in Greece. Run simultaneously with a broader survey that seeks to identify the adoption of circular construction in different educational contexts across Europe, this study investigates the features of the Greek paradigm across the seven accredited public schools of architecture in Greece and the one in Cyprus. Both works are situated within the broader scope of the ERASMUS+ project Crafting Circularity: Rethinking Sustainable Design and Construction in Architecture Education, aiming in building a methodological framework on project-based learning-through-making methodologies to embed circular thinking in architecture education, eventually resulting in a paradigm shift towards circular design practices. The current mapping assignment is built on the outline of the principal survey, which has three axes: investigating institutional backgrounds, theory courses and design studios, and design-and-build modules in architectural curricula. A modified version was employed to respond to the peculiarities of the Greek paradigm: broadening the scope of the survey under or around the wider sustainability umbrella, adding a fourth axis on elements in-between education and research or informal extra-curricular activities, including an actual mapping component and revising the structure and content of the original survey.
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Weigand, Phil C. "The Architecture of the Teuchitlan Tradition of the Occidente of Mesoamerica." Ancient Mesoamerica 7, no. 1 (1996): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100001310.
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AbstractThis study examines the geometry of the architecture of the Teuchitlan tradition of western Mexico. An argument will be made that these concentric circular buildings represent formal architectural planning and that they have cultural significance. The pattern dating from the Classic period (ca. a.d. 200–700) will be stressed.
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Hassan, Soraya Masthura. "Prinsip Desain Geometri Arsitektur Tadao Ando." EMARA: Indonesian Journal of Architecture 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/emara.2017.3.2.77-90.
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Geometry has shown that the architecture was an expression of man and a basic principle that were always presented on an architectural work. The research was conducted through two steps with the first step was to identified the Tadao Ando’s geometry design principle through a content analysis approach. Based on the textual review, Tadao Ando's geometry design principle was tend to select the simple geometric forms as the embodiment of the building shapes. An user spatial experiences were created through inter space relationships and interactions with the surrounding environment through the geometry and shape processing and became the central to his architectural work creation. In other words, pure geometry concept was the instrument to presented all of those. The second step was to compared Tadao Ando's geometry design principles in the monistic architecture to the pluralistic architecture catagories using a precedent analysis approach. The comparisons toward the geometrical principles were more complex and quite varied geometric shapes in pluralistic architecture while simple geometric shapes can be found in the monistic architecture,as well as interlinked circular paths in pluralistic architecture which shaped by the ‘direction wall’ rather than a simple circulation path in the monistic architecture, and the wall-formed angle was a multiple of 15° in monistic architecture but varying angles in the pluralistic architecture.
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Hassan, Soraya Masthura. "Prinsip Desain Geometri Arsitektur Tadao Ando." EMARA: Indonesian Journal of Architecture 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/emara.v3i2.152.
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Geometry has shown that the architecture was an expression of man and a basic principle that were always presented on an architectural work. The research was conducted through two steps with the first step was to identified the Tadao Ando’s geometry design principle through a content analysis approach. Based on the textual review, Tadao Ando's geometry design principle was tend to select the simple geometric forms as the embodiment of the building shapes. An user spatial experiences were created through inter space relationships and interactions with the surrounding environment through the geometry and shape processing and became the central to his architectural work creation. In other words, pure geometry concept was the instrument to presented all of those. The second step was to compared Tadao Ando's geometry design principles in the monistic architecture to the pluralistic architecture catagories using a precedent analysis approach. The comparisons toward the geometrical principles were more complex and quite varied geometric shapes in pluralistic architecture while simple geometric shapes can be found in the monistic architecture,as well as interlinked circular paths in pluralistic architecture which shaped by the ‘direction wall’ rather than a simple circulation path in the monistic architecture, and the wall-formed angle was a multiple of 15° in monistic architecture but varying angles in the pluralistic architecture.
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Abdul-Jabbar, Jassim, Zahraa Abede, and Akram Dawood. "A Multiplier-less Implementation of Two-Dimensional Circular-Support Wavelet Transform on FPGA." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.9.1.2.
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In this paper, a two-dimensional (2-D) circular-support wavelet transform (2-D CSWT) is presented. 2-D CSWT is a new geometrical image transform, which can efficiently represent images using 2-D circular spectral split schemes (circularlydecomposed frequency subspaces). 2-D all-pass functions and lattice structure are used to produce 1-level circular symmetric 2-D discrete wavelet transform with approximate linear phase 2-D filters. The classical one-dimensional (1-D) analysis Haar filter bank branches H0(z) and H1(z) which work as low-pass and high-pass filters, respectively are transformed into their 2-D counterparts H0(z1,z2) and H1(z1,z2) by applying a circular-support version of the digital spectral transformation (DST). The designed 2-D wavelet filter bank is realized in a separable architecture. The proposed architecture is simulated using Matlab program to measure the deflection ratio (DR) of the high frequency coefficient to evaluate its performance and compare it with the performance of the classical 2-D wavelet architecture. The correlation factor between the input and reconstructed images is also calculated for both architectures. The FPGA (Spartan-3E) Kit is used to implement the resulting architecture in a multiplier-less manner and to calculate the die area and the critical path or maximum frequency of operation. The achieved multiplier-less implementation takes a very small area from FPGA Kit (the die area in 3-level wavelet decomposition takes 300 slices with 7% occupation ratio only at a maximum frequency of 198.447 MHz).
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Herwindo, Rahadhian Prajudi, and Singgih Salim. "Influence of Mahayana-Vajrayana School on the Sacred Characteristics of Theravada Vihara in Indonesia." Khazanah Theologia 4, no. 1 (May 29, 2022): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/kt.v4i1.17872.
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After Buddha parinibbana, difference of views between his disciples in interpreting Dhamma result in the creation of three main Buddhist schools: Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. With slightly different philosophies, these schools also have their own unique architectural characteristics to represent sacredness. However, due to the absence of any architectural literature, wide interpretations of Buddhist teachings, and acculturation with local culture, sacred characteristics of Buddhist architecture became mixed and difficult to distinguish. This research aims to study the influence of Mahayana and Vajrayana schools on the sacred characteristics of Theravada Buddhist architecture in Indonesia. Elaboration of Buddhist architecture and sacredness theory are used to analyse case study in surrounding environment, figure, mass structure, spatial planning, and ornamentation scope to obtain comprehensive acculturation picture of Mahayana and Vajrayana philosophy on Theravada vihara in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the circular shape that was characteristic of the early Theravada school in the architectural form of the monastery began to be abandoned and the use of anthropomorphic Buddha and iconic symbols as ornamentation elements which were only known in the development of Mahayana and Vajrayana schools.
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Xu, Shuguang, Sipp Suksamran, and Pat Kotchapakdee. "Traditional Chinese Vernacular Dwellings: Architectural Features of Nanjing Tulou." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 7 (May 14, 2024): 913–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/s9yzyg61.
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Nanjing Tulou (also known as Nanjing Earth Building) is one of the representative buildings in traditional Chinese vernacular dwellings. It is characterized by the use of local soil and materials, simple structures that are practical, durable, and resistant to natural disasters. Its architectural features make it a unique example of Chinese architecture. This article mainly analyzes the materials and architectural structures of Nanjing Tulou. The research findings indicate that the materials used by the Hakka people in Nanjing to build traditional Tulou mainly come from the abundant local resources of soil, wood, and sandstone in the mountainous areas. Adapting to local conditions integrates the architecture with the local environment. Due to the selection of materials close to nature, the architectural form presented by Nanjing Tulou is more primitive. The massive volume of the roofs and earth walls gives an overall impression of heaviness. The external structure presents a combination of square and circular shapes that resonate with traditional Chinese culture. Nanjing Tulou is an important research subject in traditional Chinese vernacular dwellings, and studying it can promote the development and attention to traditional Chinese residential architecture.
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Azimipour, Mehdi, and Mohammad Eshghi. "Parallel Circular-Scan Architecture." Journal of Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (May 15, 2008): 2083–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2008.2083.2090.
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Oliveros-Oliveros, José Jacobo, José Rubén Conde-Sánchez, Carlos Arturo Hernández-Gracidas, María Monserrat Morín-Castillo, and José Julio Conde-Mones. "FPGA-Based Hardware Implementation of a Stable Inverse Source Problem Algorithm in a Non-Homogeneous Circular Region." Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (February 8, 2024): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14041388.
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Objective: This work presents an implementation of a stable algorithm that recovers sources located at the boundary separating two homogeneous media in field-programmable gate arrays. Two loop unrolling architectures were developed and analyzed for this purpose. This inverse source problem is ill-posed due to numerical instability, i.e., small errors in the measurement can produce significant changes in the source location. Methodology: To handle the numerical instability when recovering these sources, the Tikhonov regularization method in combination with the Fourier series truncation method are applied in the stable algorithm. This stable algorithm is implemented in two different architectures developed in this work: The first architecture (Mode 1) allows for different operating speeds, which is an advantage depending on whether we work with fast or slow signals. The second one (Mode 2) reduces resource consumption by exploiting the characteristics of the source identification algorithm, which is an advantage for multichannel problems such as inverse electrocardiography or electroencephalography. Results: The architectures were tested on four devices of the 7 Series of Xilinx: Spartan-7 xc7s100fgga484, Virtex-7 xc7v585tffg1157, Kintex-7 xc7k70tfbg484, and Artix-7 xc7a35tcpg236. The two hardware implementations of the stable algorithm were validated using synthetic examples implemented in MATLAB, which shows the advantages of each architecture. Contributions: We developed two efficient architectures based on a loop unrolling design for source identification problems. These are effective strategies to divide and assign tasks to the configurable hardware, and they appear as an appropriate technique for implementing the algorithm. The first one is simple and allows for different operating speeds. The second one uses a control system based on multiplexors that reduce resource consumption and complexity of the design and can be used for multichannel problems. From the numerical test, we found the regularization parameters. The synthetic examples developed here can be considered for similar problems and can be extended to concentric spheres.
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Zamzami, Ami, Purnama Salura, and Yuswadi Saliya. "The essence of activity-materiality-character on the space and scope of Osing house architecture." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1252.
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The phenomenon of a single architectural form has become a global problem. This is also observed in Indonesia as indicated by the specific traditional architecture known as Osing in Banyuwangi. Therefore, this study focuses on the issue of the essence of space created from the surrounding elements in Osing traditional architecture using a qualitative method which involved prioritizing new reading tools including the Lincourt phenomenological approach and the architectural anatomy of Salura. The results showed that the activity forms a linear circular pattern while the lower scoping elements form a geometric arrangement and have a linear movement direction. Moreover, the roof structure shows the dynamic quality of the elements which move from front to back. It was also discovered that the scope of the Osing space is a barrier with the activities within the house isolated and inwardly oriented. The use of local natural materials also provides a warm, rustic and simple character as well as a chance for sustainability. Furthermore, the structures and constructions show that the architecture prioritizes honesty and simplicity. This, therefore, means the essence of space in Osing architecture is in Jrumah based on the space which was found to be closed, natural, simple character, and prioritizing honesty. These findings are expected to be an additional source of knowledge on Osing architecture, serve as input for architects in designing modern houses in Banyuwangi, and input for policymakers in formulating a strategy to preserve this traditional architecture.
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Beatrice Chapi Owoicho, Williams Amanyi Idakwoji, Joseph Dalyop Audu, and Henry Emusa. "Cultural Influence on Architectural Evolution in Nigeria: A Case Study of Igala Indigenous Homestead." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 1325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.0094.
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Architecture and culture are two concepts that represent the identification of any society. Architecture is the manifestation and expression of culture. So, Architecture and Culture are interdependent and inseparable. Research has identified culture as the main factor in the evolution of the architecture of a people and it plays an important role in the environmental and social development and sustainability of a place. The culture of any society is based on their beliefs, history, civilization, climate and customs, whilst architecture symbolizes a society’s culture that has evolved. This research explores the intricate relationship between culture and architecture in the evolution of traditional architecture in Nigeria, with a specific focus on the evolution of the indigenous homestead of the Igala people of North Central Nigeria. Employing a narrative approach, the study utilized historical research, field surveys, and interviews to explore how cultural beliefs, norms, practices, and socio-cultural factors have profoundly influenced the design and planning of Igala traditional dwellings. By investigating the interplay between indigenous knowledge systems, community practices, and material availability, the research uncovers the unique architectural features that have emerged from the rich tapestry of Igala culture to include the long straight entrance path (ojikpologu), the circular curvilinear homestead and buildings, courtyard (anuku/okolo), reception house (atakpa), and food storage barn (aka). Others include shrine (achękwu), grinding hut (ǫdǫ-okuta), animals’ pen (unyi-amęñwu-ǫrę), and security fence (ϙgba), all deeply rooted in Igala culture. This research provides valuable insights into the adaptability of traditional architecture to culture. It further offers essential knowledge for architects, preservationists, and policymakers, guiding their efforts in heritage preservation, sustainable architectural design, and urban planning within multicultural contexts.
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Wood, Peter. "An examination of photographic records pertaining to the architecture of Rua Kēnana and the community of Maungapōhatu, 1911-16." Architectural History Aotearoa 14 (August 17, 2022): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v14i.7796.
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New Zealand's architectural history, while in no way a culturally comprehensive documentary, has found a special place for Kēnana's isolated Te Urewera community. Credit for this can be attached to Hiona, the remarkable circular temple Kēnana constructed that has, in no small way, become an icon of Māori architecture. However, it is not well appreciated that, by the time of Kēnana's detention, the ritual functioning of Hiona had been largely abandoned. Indeed, the community of Maungapōhatu needs to be understood as having an architecture of two phases. Hiona was constructed in 1907 during a period of optimism for Kēnana and his followers. However, by 1911, Maungapōhatu was in significant decline and in 1914 Kēnana began to systematically reconstruct the architecture of his community. Hiona was abandoned and a more conformist meeting house, Tānenui-a-rangi, was built. At the same time Kēnana reclassified the physical boundaries of the village, clearing areas of dwellings and establishing new spatial hierarchies concerning tapu (sacred) and noa (common) values. In this paper I will be examining in detail the extraordinary photographs available of Maungapōhatu from this timeframe to extract characteristics of the architecture. While some attention will be given to Hiona and the establishment of the village, the emphasis of the research is placed on the second reconstruction period with attention being given to the discernible architectural significance of the changes. In particular this will address Hiruharama Hou, Kēnana's twin gable house which remained a constant above the village and whose architectural role has not yet been sufficiently explored.
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Wang, Yingxu, Cyprian F. Ngolah, Xinming Tan, and Phillip C. Y. Sheu. "The Formal Design Model of Doubly-Linked-Circular Lists (DLC-Lists)." International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 3, no. 2 (April 2011): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jssci.2011040106.
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Abstract Data Types (ADTs) are a set of highly generic and rigorously modeled data structures in type theory. Lists as a finite sequence of elements are one of the most fundamental and widely used ADTs in system modeling, which provide a standard encapsulation and access interface for manipulating large-volume information and persistent data. This paper develops a comprehensive design pattern of formal lists using a doubly-linked-circular (DLC) list architecture. A rigorous denotational mathematics, Real-Time Process Algebra (RTPA), is adopted, which allows both architectural and behavioral models of lists to be rigorously designed and implemented in a top-down approach. The architectural models of DLC-Lists are created using RTPA architectural modeling methodologies known as the Unified Data Models (UDMs). The behavioral models of DLC-Lists are specified and refined by a set of Unified Process Models (UPMs) in three categories namely the management operations, traversal operations, and node I/O operations. This work has been applied in a number of real-time and nonreal-time system designs such as a real-time operating system (RTOS+), a file management system (FMS), and the ADT library for an RTPA-based automatic code generation tool.
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Tedesco, Silvia, Elena Montacchini, and Jacopo Andreotti. "Experiencing circular design: Stories of agri-food waste transformed into new materials for architecture." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 38 (December 21, 2022): 216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2022.38.0216.
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The application of the Circular Economy model, supported by the European Commission, can be the driver of an industrial and architectural conversion and, also, an opportunity to innovate production processes through the elimination of the concept of waste. Furthermore, the attention of public and private actors as well as policies and rules are now focused on accelerating the ongoing transition from linear to circular economy.In line with this multi-sectoral shift, the paper intends to illustrate the results of the research activities carried out at the Politecnico di Torino in cooperation with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of the Piedmont region (Italy).In particular, the article illustrates a double experience developed with two different paths: the CIBUS’ research project (Circular economy in the Building Sector from agri-food waste) and the innovative master’s degree course Design and development the transition to the circular economy.Both experiences apply circular economy approaches to grape, hazelnut, and wheat waste to understand whether they could be new “ingredients” for architecture and design.
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Shrimplin, Valerie. "Borromini and the New Astronomy: the elliptical dome." Culture and Cosmos 08, no. 0102 (October 2004): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.01208.0261.
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The cosmological view of the universe has frequently been reflected in art and architecture, especially in the cosmological symbolism attached to domed architecture, which relates to the traditional perception of the flat earth covered by the dome of heaven. Examples range from Byzantine churches to the revival of domed architecture during the Renaissance, and the decoration of the domes themselves also often alludes to astronomical symbolism. The reflection of contemporary perceptions of the universe in art developed dramatically during the Renaissance alongside the changing view of the universe, instigated by such thinkers as Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo. While Copernicus challenged the accepted order in his heliocentric system, Kepler further demonstrated that the ordering of the movement in the universe was in fact based on elliptical rather than perfect circular motion. Contemporary with Kepler’s writings, the work of the Baroque architect Borromini appears to have been influenced by the enormous changes in world view, cosmology and astronomy of the age. His major architectural works reflect seventeenth century scientific developments and are often based on schemes of mathematical precision. His use of the elliptical dome in preference to traditional classical and humanist precepts, such as the perfection of the circular form, appears to be related to the changing cosmological view and it seems unlikely to be a coincidence that that the predilection for elliptical domes in ecclesiastical architecture comes in at about the same time as Kepler.
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Aliamin, Y. "Pathways toward Sustainable Architecture: Green Architecture and Circular Built Environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 794, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/794/1/012155.
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Chiper, Doru Florin, and Arcadie Cracan. "New Systolic Array Algorithms and VLSI Architectures for 1-D MDST." Sensors 23, no. 13 (July 7, 2023): 6220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23136220.
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In this paper, we present two systolic array algorithms for efficient Very-Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) implementations of the 1-D Modified Discrete Sine Transform (MDST) using the systolic array architectural paradigm. The new algorithms decompose the computation of the MDST into modular and regular computational structures called pseudo-circular correlation and pseudo-cycle convolution. The two computational structures for pseudo-circular correlation and pseudo-cycle convolution both have the same form. This feature can be exploited to significantly reduce the hardware complexity since the two computational structures can be computed on the same linear systolic array. Moreover, the second algorithm can be used to further reduce the hardware complexity by replacing the general multipliers from the first one with multipliers with a constant that have a significantly reduced complexity. The resulting VLSI architectures have all the advantages of a cycle convolution and circular correlation based systolic implementations, such as high-speed using concurrency, an efficient use of the VLSI technology due to its local and regular interconnection topology, and low I/O cost. Moreover, in both architectures, a cost-effective application of an obfuscation technique can be achieved with low overheads.
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Emel'yаnov, E. Y., and E. V. Sitnikova. "MODERNISM IN TOMSK WOODEN ARCHITECTURE IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-1-114-125.
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The paper considers the development of modernism in the wooden architecture in the city of Tomsk in the context of national trends. The paper studies design features and specificity of wooden decoration of buildings made in the modern style or with the use of architectural elements performed in accordance with the variation of the neo-Russian style and “northern mo dernity”. The originality of the author's interpretations of style trends and those of the professional architects is described.The relevance of the study is stipulated by preserving wooden buildings in the cities of Russia and Siberia and the loss of valuable decorations of buildings, in particular. Despite the wide range of works involved in studying modernism in the architecture of Russian cities, not all aspects and trends of phenomena observed in Tomsk architecture in the early 20th century have been investigated so far.The purpose of this paper is to study the wooden buildings of Tomsk made in the modern style or with architectural elements of this style.The paper uses the methods of comparative and architectural analyses. It is considered how modernist-style wooden buildings have been designed and built in the in the cities of Siberia, and in particular, the city of Tomsk.It is shown that by the beginning of the 20th century, the folk traditions are combined with the works of professional architects. Wooden buildings, made in the modernist style, are distinguished by complex compositional solutions. This is evident by the mansions designed mainly for a circular view. The attitude to the wood has changed, not only in terms of building and finishing material, but also as a means of a new architectural and artistic embodiment of the independent artist idea.
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Vrontissi, Maria, Mario Rinke, and Frederik Vandyck. "Crafting Circularity. A European Education Project Exploring Sustainable Construction Practices with Future Architects." E3S Web of Conferences 436 (2023): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343601014.
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Situated within the broader scope of the ERASMUS+ research project Crafting Circularity: Rethinking Sustainable Design and Construction in Architecture Education, the present paper is an early contribution on project-based learning-through-making methodologies and their implementation in architectural curricula. The construction industry exploits vast quantities of raw materials, produces more than a third of global waste, and causes a large portion of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions. However, while new models tackling resource scarcity emerge in practice and an array of R-strategies is discussed within the research community, education is yet to adjust, architectural education in particular. If architects are a decisive agent of change, this needs to be distinctly reflected in the reorientation of teaching. This project discusses strategies for translating current research findings on circular construction practices into architectural education. The various components of the project are presented, along with first outcomes and transferable insights.
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Harrison-Buck, Eleanor, and Patricia A. McAnany. "TERMINAL CLASSIC CIRCULAR ARCHITECTURE IN THE SIBUN VALLEY, BELIZE." Ancient Mesoamerica 24, no. 2 (2013): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536113000199.
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AbstractTerminal Classic circular architecture has been characterized as a “non-Classic” trait stemming from Chontal-Itza groups from the Gulf lowlands who developed a long-distance, circum-peninsular trade route and established their capital city at Chichen Itza in northern Yucatan. Recent investigations of a series of circular shrines proximate to the Caribbean coast in Belize have yielded ceramics and radiocarbon dates that link these buildings to the ninth century, coeval with the early Sotuta phase at Chichen Itza (a.d.830–900). We present an architectural comparison of circular shrines and map out a network of sites that cluster along the rivers and coast of Belize. We consider two possibilities that may not be mutually exclusive: (1) local elite emulation of northern styles following pilgrimage to Chichen Itza for political accession ceremonies, and, (2) trading diasporas involving small-scale migration of Chontal-Itza merchants along the eastern Caribbean coast.
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Ali, Ahmed K. "Architecture, Waste, and the Circular Economy." Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research 18, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enqarcc.v18i2.1130.
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Waste is a modern global crisis. The world is drowning in an unprecedented amount of waste due to an increasing linear economy model that drive societies to consume more every day. It was reported that the average American citizen consume nearly 32 times more that the average Indian citizen. Companies, businesses, and corporates are continuously racing to deplete the planet’s natural resources in an astonishing rate. The design and construction sector alone is responsible for 30-40% of total solid waste worldwide, yet as architects, designers, and planners the waste problem is almost absent from the current discourse, both in practice and academia. Beyond sustainability, and if ideas such as the Dutch “CircularCity” become more appealing to architects, designers, and clients, the architectural education must adopt a transformational shift in the design thinking process to prepare a more responsible future architect. A shift from goal-oriented design to means-oriented design requires a shift in the design education, and the studio pedagogy. A transformation is needed in education, practice, research, and the related professions to address the current and emerging economic challenges more so post crises and pandemics, and through the built environment lens. It is time to define the role of architecture and design in the circular economy paradigm shift.
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Alfirević, Đorđe, and Sanja Alfirević-Simonović. "'Circular connection' concept in housing architecture." Arhitektura i urbanizam, no. 46 (2018): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/a-u0-16252.
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Szczegielniak, Anna. "Circular Plans in Contemporary Housing Architecture." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471 (February 23, 2019): 072025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/471/7/072025.
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Zhang, Ling, and Jishun Kuang. "Representative Scan Architecture." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 25, no. 05 (February 25, 2016): 1650040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126616500407.
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Test power is one of the most challenges faced by Integrated Circuits. The author proposes a general scan chain architecture called Representative Scan (RS). It transforms the scan cells of conventional scan chain or sub-chain into circular shift registers and a representative flip-flop is chosen for each circular shift register, these representative flip-flops are connected serially to setup into the RS architecture. Thus, test data shifting path is shortened, then the switching activity is reduced in the shifting operates. The proposed scan architecture has the similar test power with the multiple scan chain, and only needs same test pins with single scan chain without added test pins. The experimental results show that the proposed scan architecture achieves very low shifting power. For benchmark circuits of ISCAS89, the shifting power of the best architecture of RS is only 0.53%–13.59% of the conventional scan. Especially for S35932, the shifting power on mintest test set is only 0.53% of the corresponding conventional scan. Compared with the conventional scan, the RS only needs to add a multiplexer for each scan cells, and the hardware cost is not high.
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McAnany, Patricia A. "Terminal Classic Maya Heterodoxy and Shrine Vernacularism in the Sibun Valley, Belize." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 22, no. 1 (February 2012): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774312000078.
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A monolithic view of Classic Maya society as dominated by divine rulers who inexplicably ceased to erect monuments with long-count dates during the ninth century is examined by reference to new information from Terminal Classic sites in the Sibun Valley of Belize. In this locale and elsewhere, the construction of circular one-room buildings — with striking associated artefacts — may be interpreted as signalling social tensions between the orthodoxy of Classic Maya divine rulers and the more heterodoxic beliefs and practices associated with circular structures built at the end of the Classic period. The round buildings are contextualized within the diversity of architectural expressions of the Sibun Valley and also within a peninsula-wide network of shrines. The chronological placement and character of the Sibun shrines is discussed by way of radiocarbon assays, obsidian sourced by INAA, and raw materials used for groundstone at sites throughout the valley. The presence of marine shell and speleothems — likely used as architectural adornment — found in close association with Sibun Valley round buildings permits discussion of the manner in which elements of the local effected a translation of heterodoxic tenets into vernacularized shrine architecture.
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Bitting, Selina, Tiziano Derme, Juney Lee, Tom Van Mele, Benjamin Dillenburger, and Philippe Block. "Challenges and Opportunities in Scaling up Architectural Applications of Mycelium-Based Materials with Digital Fabrication." Biomimetics 7, no. 2 (April 14, 2022): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7020044.
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In an increasing effort to address the environmental challenges caused by the currently linear economic paradigm of “produce, use, and discard”, the construction industry has been shifting towards a more circular model. A circular economy requires closing of the loops, where the end-of-life of a building is considered more carefully, and waste is used as a resource. In comparison to traditional building materials such as timber, steel and concrete, mycelium-based materials are renewable alternatives that use organic agricultural and industrial waste as a key ingredient for production, and do not rely on mass extraction or exploitation of valuable finite or non-finite resources. Mycelium-based materials have shown their potential as a more circular and economically competitive alternative to conventional synthetic materials in numerous industries ranging from packaging, electronic prototyping, furniture, fashion to architecture. However, application of mycelium-based materials in the construction industry has been limited to small-scale prototypes and architectural installations due to low mechanical properties, lack of standardisation in production methods and material characterisation. This paper aims to review the current state of the art in research and applications of mycelium-based materials across disciplines, with a particular focus on digital methods of fabrication, production, and design. The information gathered from this review will be synthesised to identify key challenges in scaling up applications of mycelium-based materials as load-bearing structural elements in architecture and suggest opportunities and directions for future research.
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Ávila-Gutiérrez, María Jesús, Alejandro Martín-Gómez, Francisco Aguayo-González, and Juan Ramón Lama-Ruiz. "Eco-Holonic 4.0 Circular Business Model to Conceptualize Sustainable Value Chain towards Digital Transition." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 2, 2020): 1889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051889.
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The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a circular business model based on an Eco-Holonic Architecture, through the integration of circular economy and holonic principles. A conceptual model is developed to manage the complexity of integrating circular economy principles, digital transformation, and tools and frameworks for sustainability into business models. The proposed architecture is multilevel and multiscale in order to achieve the instantiation of the sustainable value chain in any territory. The architecture promotes the incorporation of circular economy and holonic principles into new circular business models. This integrated perspective of business model can support the design and upgrade of the manufacturing companies in their respective industrial sectors. The conceptual model proposed is based on activity theory that considers the interactions between technical and social systems and allows the mitigation of the metabolic rift that exists between natural and social metabolism. This study contributes to the existing literature on circular economy, circular business models and activity theory by considering holonic paradigm concerns, which have not been explored yet. This research also offers a unique holonic architecture of circular business model by considering different levels, relationships, dynamism and contextualization (territory) aspects.
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Laumann, Felix, and Torben Tambo. "Enterprise Architecture for a Facilitated Transformation from a Linear to a Circular Economy." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 3882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113882.
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The circular economy is central to the agenda of responsible production and consumption with propositions for the conservation of natural resources and a broader understanding of the obligations of enterprises and product developers. The circular economy is challenging traditional operating models of enterprises due to the need to manage larger parts of the product life cycle and value chains. A linear economy will normally address a smaller part of the life cycle. The operating models of companies are supported with respect to information and technology with an enterprise architecture model. This article examines the necessary steps for analysing and designing the enterprise architecture model, aiming to facilitate the transformation of an enterprise from operating in a linear to operating in a circular economy model. The fundamentals and requirements of the circular economy enterprise are extracted to isolate the design requirements for the operating model, entailing cross-enterprise collaboration, traceability, and a broader value chain understanding. Furthermore, it conceptualizes enterprise architecture and its role and importance in connecting business strategies and operating technologies. This article develops an enterprise architecture framework, named the Circular Economy Enterprise Architecture Framework (CEEAF), which can form and support the effort of transitioning companies or be embedded into existing enterprise architecture frameworks. The CEEAF differs from traditional enterprise architecture frameworks by addressing the broader responsibility of the enterprise, the extended enterprise, the elimination of end-of-life perspectives and mind-sets, and the capabilities of the individual enterprise and its design activities.
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Lucchi, Elena, and Anna Caterina Delera. "Enhancing the Historic Public Social Housing through a User-Centered Design-Driven Approach." Buildings 10, no. 9 (September 6, 2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10090159.
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The study presents a didactic experience for the deep refurbishment and the revitalization of the San Siro neighborhood in Milan (Italy). The public housing is a significative example of the 20th-century architecture (also named “Italian Modernism of Architecture”), designed by the Italian architects—Franco Albini, Renato Camus, Giancarlo Palanti, and Laslo Kovacs (1938–1941). Nowadays, it is a multicultural area, characterized by the presence of a fragile population, with strong socio-spatial inequalities, intercultural and intergenerational conflicts. Here, an architectural design project is realized, experimenting with innovative and up-to-date design solutions. This experience develops a sensitive awareness of the multidimensional complexity of the environmentally responsible design, which requires a critical balance among different disciplines and skills. The reusing of existing buildings has sustainable importance for preventing new land-uses and for saving the potential energy consumption related to the construction process. Only a widespread knowledge of the local socio-economic conditions through participatory actions permits the selection of appropriate retrofit solutions, considering also the high cultural, social, and economic values. Functional and social mix, space flexibility, green design, renewable energies, circular economy criteria, and continuative maintenance are the correct strategies for boosting the social revitalization and for improving fairness, safety, architectural quality, human comfort, energy efficiency, and sustainability in this public housing neighborhood.
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Cousin, T., D. Marshall, N. Pearl, L. Alkhayat, and C. Mueller. "Integrating irregular inventories: Accessible technologies to design and build with nonstandard materials in architecture." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2600, no. 19 (November 1, 2023): 192004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2600/19/192004.
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Abstract Circular principles are a promising method to reduce embodied carbon in construction. Material reuse has the potential to reduce waste and environmental impacts of the extraction, production, and transportation of new materials. However, its implementation can be limited by the challenging nature of irregular materials that do not fit traditional design approaches, fabrication tools, and standards. In response, this paper proposes a generalized, accessible framework for working with irregular material sources in architecture. This framework includes computational tools and fabrication strategies that enable, expand access to, and scale up this approach in the AEC industry. The methodology is demonstrated through four design-build examples that leverage the irregularity of different materials into new architectural assemblies.
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Ivanova, Mariya. "Domestic architecture in the Early Bronze Age of western Anatolia: the row-houses of Troy I." Anatolian Studies 63 (July 11, 2013): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154613000021.
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AbstractExcavators have put forward opposing interpretations of the architectural sequence at the Early Bronze Age site of Troy. C.W. Blegen suggested that freestanding ‘megaron’ houses determined the visual pattern of the earliest settlement, while M.O. Korfmann compared Troy I to the circular layout of the Early Bronze Age site at Demircihüyük (the ‘Anatolian settlement plan’). Post-excavation analysis of the archaeological record from the excavations (1987–1992) in ‘Schliemann's Trench’ at Troy suggests a modification of the views of both Blegen and Korfmann. The local building tradition at Troy I was characterised by flat-roofed, long-room dwellings arranged in rows and sharing lateral walls. This peculiar settlement layout, recurrent at coastal and inland sites in the western part of Anatolia during the early centuries of the third millennium BC but unfamiliar at this time in the neighbouring regions of central Asia Minor and the Aegean, can be described as an Anatolian ‘row-house’ style. The present study applies the concept of vernacular architecture to the architectural record of Troy I and other contemporary ‘row-house’ sites to elucidate the social and cultural factors that shaped the domestic architectural traditions of early third-millennium western Asia Minor.
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Mazur, Łukasz. "Circular economy in housing architecture: methods of implementation." ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM - Architectura Budownictwo 20, no. 2 (August 6, 2021): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspa.2021.20.2.15.
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Thomassen, M. A., and P. Munch-Petersen. "Tectonics of avoidance." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 855, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/855/1/012003.
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Abstract This article unfolds as a dialogue between architectural and economics concerns on how a sustainable circular practice can be introduced and upscaled in construction. It will point towards absolute sustainable targets and will be analyze in juxtaposition to the (weak) economic drivers that can get us there (Brejnrod et al., 2017; Eberhardt et al., 2020). First, it is established that sustainable innovation is design strategies that simplify construction in order to avoid environmental impacts tied to building material overuse. These strategies are defined as tectonics of avoidance and consist of two, direct and indirect, approaches to architectural design. Common for both is that as innovation they must be understood more at applied complex knowledge more than a specific product. In the second part of the article, we discuss how this kind of information (knowledge) can be applied in the economic circumstances that frame construction and architecture today. How it challenges the path-dependency of design methods today and how information and complex knowledge can be ‘sold’ in an ‘open source’ or ‘closed’ approach to the existing marked for construction.
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Villalba, María Rosa, Rosa Cervera, and Javier Sánchez. "Green Solutions for Urban Sustainability: Photobioreactors for Algae Cultivation on Façades and Artificial Trees." Buildings 13, no. 6 (June 16, 2023): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061541.
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The accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere carries with it severe consequences, and cities are responsible for 70% of CO2 emissions. With this initiative, we address how innovative green architecture can contribute to removing CO2 from the urban area by implementing elements that incorporate microalgae cultivation into architecture. The presented project incorporates two photobioreactor installations filled with water, where microalgae circulate through methacrylate tubes. Used as two architectural elements: a façade that can fix 720 kg of CO2 per year from the atmosphere and produce 400 kg of biomass that can be used as fertilizer in irrigation water; and three artificial trees that can fix 50 kg of CO2 and produce 28 kg of biomass. To test its efficiency, a Life Cycle Inventory was conducted and compared to the amount of CO2 fixed during its lifetime. It was concluded that the system would need 11.11 years to fix the CO2 produced and would have a negative CO2 impact of 27 tons of CO2 during the useful life of its materials. This project is a starting point towards developing a disruptive and experimental alternative with great potential, being the first in Spain and one of the first in the world.
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Siso, Silvester M., Petrus Jhon Alfred Depa Dede, and Farida Skolastika Reka. "Asrama Putra Dan Putri Sma Negeri 6 Elar Di Kabupaten Manggarai Timur Dengan Tema Arsitektur Perilaku." TEKNOSIAR 17, no. 1 (April 28, 2023): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/teknosiar.v17i1.3107.
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Dormitory is a place of lodging intended for members of a group, generally school students. Dormitory is usually a building with rooms that can be occupied by several occupants in each room. The purpose of the research is to design a dormitory building which is equipped with facilities to meet the needs of students and behavioral architecture is a part of providing the required facilities. The method used in this study is in the form of collecting observation data, interviews, evaluating, and observing user behavior as a reference in the analysis of the application of building design. The concept of implementing behavioral architecture in dormitory buildings follows the symbol or symbol of the high school student council such as in the parking lot a hand-shaped pattern is applied. In the library building a book-shaped pattern is applied, at the roundabout a circular pattern is applied like a wrench and in the garden a star-shaped pattern is applied. The application of behavioral architecture is inseparable from the 4 principles of behavioral architecture such as aesthetics of form, being able to communicate with humans and the environment, paying attention to user behavior, and accommodating behavioral activities. So it can be concluded that the dormitory is one of the most important buildings, especially for SMAN 6 Elar and with the application of behavioral architectural design principles, it can be seen in the activity zone processing building, mass composition, as well as the inside and outside appearance of the building adapted to the character of the students. students..
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Grúňová, Zuzana, and Michaela Holešová. "Ellipse and Oval in Baroque Sacral Architecture in Slovakia." Civil and Environmental Engineering 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cee-2017-0004.
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AbstractOval, circular and elliptic forms appear in the architecture from the very beginning. The basic problem of the geometric analysis of the spaces with an elliptic or oval ground plan is a great sensitivity of the outcome calculations to the plan's precision, mainly to distinguish between oval and ellipse. Sebastiano Serlio and Guarino Guarini belong to those architects, theoreticians, who analysed the potential of circular or oval forms and some of their ideas are analysed in the paper. Elliptical or oval plans were used also in Slovak baroque architecture or interior elements and the paper introduce some of the most known examples as a connection to the world architecture ideas.
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Dabaieh, Marwa, Dalya Maguid, and Deena El-Mahdy. "Circularity in the New Gravity—Re-Thinking Vernacular Architecture and Circularity." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010328.
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The mounting climate change crisis and the rapid urbanization of cities have pressured many practitioners, policymakers, and even private investors to develop new policies, processes, and methods for achieving more sustainable construction methods. Buildings are considered to be among the main contributors to harmful environmental impacts, resource consumption, and waste generation. The concept of a circular economy (CE), also referred to as “circularity”, has gained a great deal of popularity in recent years. CE, in the context of the building industry, is based on the concept of sustainable construction, which calls for reducing negative environmental impacts while providing a healthier indoor environment and closing material loops. Both vernacular architecture design strategies and circular economy principles share many of the same core concepts. This paper aims at investigating circular economy principles in relation to vernacular architecture principles in the built environment. The study demonstrates how circular principles can be achieved through the use of vernacular construction techniques and using local building materials. This paper will focus on Egypt as one of the oldest civilizations in the world, with a wide vernacular heritage, exploring how circularity is rooted in old vernacular settlements and how it can inspire contemporary circular practices.
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Jevtic, Milos, and Momir Cerovic. "Circular enclosure from the early copper age in north-western Serbia site of Sancina in Desic, near Sabac (excavations 2017-2019)." Starinar, no. 72 (2022): 9–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta2272009j.
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In the wooded landscapes on the last northern slopes of the mountain Cer, a very well-preserved palisade ditch enclosure of small dimensions and a regular circular shape was discovered (site of Sancina, Desic village). Over the last few years, archaeological excavations at this site have focused on the inner space, bordered by a massive ring-shaped earthen rampart. An unusually wide and deep ditch surrounds a high earthen embankment of flattened conical shape, bordered on the inside by a palisade ditch, with traces of densely packed and deeply buried wooden posts. The excavations so far have not revealed any interruption in the circular palisade ditch, which could confirm the existence of an entrance, i.e., a passage, clearly bordered by an earthen rampart. In the central part of the circular fortification a deep shaft/well was discovered, which has been explored to the level of underground water. Apart from traces of smaller hearths on the inside of the palisade ditch and several deeply buried conical pits, with traces of charred, vertically placed posts, there are no other architectural remains inside the circular fortification. Traces of a catastrophic fire have been discovered inside the entire fortification and are especially visible above the palisade ditch. According to numerous sherds of secondarily burned ceramic vessels, the circular enclosure in Desic belongs to the post-Vinca culture of the Early Copper Age. According to the shape and basic elements of architecture, we assume that the earthen fortification in Desic belongs to a special form of smaller prehistoric enclosures, characteristic of circular palisade fortifications in the area of the Upper Tisza region, in the north-eastern parts of the Great Hungarian Plain.
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Shoshin, A. V., and E. A. Shvets. "Veiling glare removal: synthetic dataset generation, metrics and neural network architecture." Computer Optics 45, no. 4 (July 2021): 615–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-883.
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In photography, the presence of a bright light source often reduces the quality and readability of the resulting image. Light rays reflect and bounce off camera elements, sensor or diaphragm causing unwanted artifacts. These artifacts are generally known as "lens flare" and may have different influences on the photo: reduce contrast of the image (veiling glare), add circular or circular-like effects (ghosting flare), appear as bright rays spreading from light source (starburst pattern), or cause aberrations. All these effects are generally undesirable, as they reduce legibility and aesthetics of the image. In this paper we address the problem of removing or reducing the effect of veiling glare on the image. There are no available large-scale datasets for this problem and no established metrics, so we start by (i) proposing a simple and fast algorithm of generating synthetic veiling glare images necessary for training and (ii) studying metrics used in related image enhancement tasks (dehazing and underwater image enhancement). We select three such no-reference metrics (UCIQE, UIQM and CCF) and show that their improvement indicates better veil removal. Finally, we experiment on neural network architectures and propose a two-branched architecture and a training procedure utilizing structural similarity measure.
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Zhao, Nifang, Meng Li, Huaxin Gong, and Hao Bai. "Controlling ice formation on gradient wettability surface for high-performance bioinspired materials." Science Advances 6, no. 31 (July 2020): eabb4712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb4712.
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Ice-templating holds promise to become a powerful technique to construct high-performance bioinspired materials. Both ice nucleation and growth during the freezing process are crucial for the final architecture of the ice-templated material. However, effective ways to control these two very important factors are still lacking. Here, we demonstrate that successive ice nucleation and preferential growth can be realized by introducing a wettability gradient on a cold finger. A bulk porous material with a long-range lamellar pattern was obtained using a linear gradient, yielding a high-performance, bulk nacre-mimetic composite with excellent strength and toughness after infiltration. In addition, cross-aligned and circular lamellar structures can be obtained by freeze-casting on surfaces modified with bilayer linear gradient and radial gradient, respectively, which are impossible to realize with conventional freeze-casting techniques. Our study highlights the potential of harnessing the rich designability of surface wettability patterns to build high-performance bulk materials with bioinspired complex architectures.
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Valenzuela, Luis M., Rodrigo Tisi, and Lucas Helle. "High density architecture as local factory of circular economy." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 13, no. 07 (September 30, 2018): 985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp-v13-n7-985-996.
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Dautremont, C., S. Jancart, C. Dagnelie, and A. Stals. "Parametric design and BIM, systemic tools for circular architecture." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 225 (February 24, 2019): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/225/1/012071.
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Sandak, Anna, Karen Butina Ogorelec, Ana Gubenšek, and Faksawat Poohphajai. "Bioinspired Living Coating System for Regenerative and Circular Architecture." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 34, no. 1 (February 19, 2024): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.34.1.35570.
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Surfaces of exposed materials are affected by biotic and abiotic degradation processes. They often are protected by architectural coatings that not only provide a decorative layer but also enhance integrity of the material structure. Common surface treatments often include mineral oil binders and other ingredients that are known to have a negative impact on the environment. To address these issues, an alternative bioinspired concept for materials protection based on engineered fungal biofilm is under development. This paper presents the first results related to the bioreceptivity of building materials and the initial steps of natural biofilm formation. This research concluded that fungal colonisation and the variability of microorganisms is influenced by the type of material and climate condition at the exposure site. Fungal infestation was lower on protected materials (e.g., with commercial coatings). Samples from the eastern and western exposure exhibited the highest fungal colonisation, whereas samples from the northern and southern exposure exhibited the least growth. Furthermore, the samples in close spatial proximity were colonized by different fungal microbiota. It was determined that Aureobasidium sp. is the dominant species in the early phase of colonisation. In the following steps, a bioactive protective coating system that works in synergy with nature will be developed. Based on the initial results Aureobasidium appears to be a viable candidate as an active, living component of a new nature-inspired coating system. The novel protection concept is based on three interrelated components – bioinspiration as a driving force for materials design, bio-based ingredients, and living fungal cells that will provide self-healing and bioremediation capacity. The living coating will be designed to protect various architectonic materials, including porous materials such as biomaterials, concrete, stone, and non-porous, as well as plastics, and metals. The ultimate goal is to advance the development of engineered living materials that interact, adapt, and respond to environmental changes.
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Sesana, Tlhologello, Luthando Thomas, and Francine Van Tonder. "Culture Consumption Shift to Mitigate the Climate Emergency." International Conference on Tourism Research 15, no. 1 (May 16, 2022): 486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ictr.15.1.372.
Full textAbstract:
The built form of the South African post-apartheid city continues to perpetuate the paradigm that only one culture is available for consumption. Culture is consumed by South Africans who form part of a nation diverse in culture, and by an international tourist market, seeking the provision of diverse cultural experiences. Yet, most African cultural artifacts are found encased in colonial architecture museums, where the narrative is restricted to the observed, and where the cultures are entombed and thereby unable to reach out and affect the city around it. This places these cultures as either historical records and artifacts, or something foreign to the city, belonging to the fringes of the post-apartheid city, and not as an existing way of living that is held by city dwellers that lacks places that allow them to bear fruit and serve. In this paper, the authors argue that there is an opportunity to provide built form interventions that will accommodate the many cultures alive and active within South Africa. These cultures may be represented in built form, as a facilitator for first-hand experience, and may then further establish a market for cultural consumption and contemporary tourism that is more authentic. To do so, secondary data is presented on the current social and economic melee of how culture is consumed as a value-add good product in the post-apartheid city. Furthermore, two cultural architectural interventions are presented as case studies. A conceptual framework is constructed, showcasing the lessons learned, as well as expanding the conversation around culture, consumption, and climate – as well as how responsible tourism may support positive responses to each. By introducing the climate emergency, architecture’s complicity in driving consumption is further exposed. An argument is presented whereby existing architectural interventions in the post-apartheid city are shown to fall short in their attempts to transform the city away from the colonial capitalist linear economy consumption practices that degrade the environment. The paper concludes with a vision for future architectural interventions that better succeed in providing space and place for diverse cultural inclusion, thoughtful consumption patterns and climate change mitigation. There is a market for the consumption of culture as an experience. An indigenous circular economy of locally produced, and locally consumed culture is an alternative to current human consumption patterns that damage the environment.