Relevant bibliographies by topics / Architecture – China – Beijing

Academic literature on the topic 'Architecture – China – Beijing'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Architecture – China – Beijing"

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Xie, Fan, Shuaijie Cui, and Dongqi Sun. "Symmetries of the Beijing Heping Temple Complex." Symmetry 13, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13091700.

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Three-dimensional laser scanning technology has been more mature, and its application fields are expanding. It is being used in key projects and important work such as ancient building recording, restoration and reconstruction. In this paper, the technology is applied to the 3D scanning, data splicing and model simplification of Heping temple building complex in Beijing. After innovative research on ancient architecture, it is found that the group layout, single form and local components of Heping temple building complex in Beijing show symmetry everywhere, vividly reflecting the extensive and profound ancient architectural culture and order. This points out a new direction for the development and application of 3D laser scanning technology and opens up a new path for the in-depth study of the protection of ancient buildings in China.
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Castro, Pablo, and Jennifer Lee. "Casa + Roja: Vivienda de emergencia Beijing, China." ARQ (Santiago), no. 77 (April 2011): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-69962011000100006.

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Qizhi, Mao. "Preservation in the Old City of Beijing: The "hutong-courtyard housing" system." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441105.

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The author is Professor of Urban Planning and Associate Dean of the School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. He is also Deputy Director of the Center for Science of Human Settlements and of the Institute of Architectural and Urban Studies, Tsinghua University; Consultant, Rural and Urban Planning Consultative Committee, Ministry of Construction; and Vice Chairman, Beijing Urban Sciences Research Society. He is also currently Vice President of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a slightly revised and edited version of a paper presented by the authors at the international symposion on "Globalization and Local Identity," organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19-24 September, 2005.
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Liangyong, Wu. "Coping with urbanization in China: The role of the sciences of human settlements and planning practice." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441116.

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The author is Professor of Architecture and Urban Studies , Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering; and Director of both the Institute of Architectural and Urban Studies and the Center for Human Settlements, Tsinghua University. He is also a member and former President of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "Globalization and Local Identity," organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19-24 September, 2005.
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Luengo, Pedro. "Buildings on Paper." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2022.81.3.342.

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Abstract The transmission of European engravings to China had significant artistic consequences during the eighteenth century, at a key moment in the development of relations between the Chinese emperor and the pope. In Buildings on Paper: A 1713 Inventory of European Engravings for the Chinese Emperor, Pedro Luengo analyzes a previously unknown collection of architectural and artistic books inventoried in 1713 in connection with the papal legation of Cardinal Charles-Thomas Maillard de Tournon (1668–1710). The sources in the inventory contrast with those preserved by the Jesuits in Beijing, until now regarded as the only references for European artistic and architectural influence in the Chinese capital. Luengo evaluates the engravings and books listed in the 1713 inventory in terms of their impact on art and architecture in China, especially in the construction of palaces in the capital.
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Liangyong, Wu. "Sciences of human settlements: Searching for the theory and practice." Ekistics and The New Habitat 69, no. 415-417 (December 1, 2002): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200269415-417349.

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The author is Professor of Architecture and Urban Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering; and Director of both the Institute of Architectural and Urban Studies and the Center for Human Settlements, Tsinghua University. He is also a member and former President of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.
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Kelly, Michael J., and Sean Watts. "Rethinking the Security Architecture of North East Asia." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 41, no. 2 (August 2, 2010): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v41i2.5229.

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In the aftermath of the Cold War, many began to question the continuing efficacy, or at least call for reform, of collective security structures such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the United Nations Security Council. Yet, North East Asia never enjoyed a formal, institutionalised collective security structure. As Russia and the United States recede and China emerges in North East Asia, this article questions whether now is the time to consider such an arrangement. Financially, Japan and South Korea are locked into a symbiotic relationship with China (as is the United States), while the government in Beijing continues to militarise and lay territorial and maritime claims to large areas of the region. Moreover, the regime in North Korea, with its new nuclear capabilities, remains unpredictable. Consequently, central components to the question of collective security in North East Asia are the equally vexing questions of what to do about North Korea and whether a new formalised security arrangement would include or exclude the People's Republic of China.
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Zhang, Cheng, Tommy Tanu Wijaya, Ying Zhou, Jihe Chen, and Yimin Ning. "Ethnomathematics values in Temple of Heaven: An Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing, China." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2084, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2084/1/012015.

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Abstract Many studies are proving that learning mathematics with an ethnomathematical approach can improve students’ mathematical skills. Developing and using ethnomathematics concepts are important to raise history and cultural awareness of mathematics. This study aims to analyse the ethnomathematics values of the Temple of Heaven. Temple of Heaven is one of the famous heritage sites in Beijing, China, which bears many ethnomathematics concepts. The researchers applied a qualitative method in this study. The subject of this research is the Temple of Heaven building that is located in Beijing, China. Researchers identified the geometrical concept present in the exterior, interior design, and building structure of the Temple of Heaven building. This research shows the existence of mathematical concepts in the architecture of the Temple of Heaven. This research result can help teachers in making mathematical practice questions with ethnomathematics concepts.
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stomberg, john. "Zhan Wang: Urban Landscape." Gastronomica 7, no. 2 (2007): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2007.7.2.9.

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The artist Zhan Wang replicates the city of Beijing using a variety of mass-produced cookware and his own, hand-molded, stainless steel rock formations. The installation, called Urban Landscape: Beijing, simultaneously extends and significantly alters both the tradition of Marcel Duchamp and the general precepts of minimalist sculpture. His work also addresses current social concerns such as urbanization and globalization. Urban Landscape: Beijing embodies Zhan's expansive worldview. In the context of his work, the artist discusses concerns that range from economics, theology, sociology, urban planning, and architecture to formal art issues, such as the use of found objects and the role of the grid. He encourages our contemplation of rapid modernization in China--and the negative effect it can have on life there--and shares our pleasure in the gleaming surfaces of his materials. Urban Landscape: Beijing evokes both the allure of modern urban culture and the consequences of urban renewal--it offers the sensuous pleasure of modernity and the sting of the price paid.
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Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. "Why Were Chang'an and Beijing so Different?" Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 45, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990206.

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Historians of premodern Chinese urbanism have long assumed that the origins of the Chinese imperial city plan stem from a passage in the Kaogong Ji (Record of Trades) section of the classical text Rituals of Zhou which describes the city of the King of Zhou. Taking this description as the single source of all Chinese capitals, these historians have gone on to write that any Chinese imperial city constructed during the last 2,000 years not only has much in common with any other one, but that all have been built according to a single scheme. Yet the plans of the two most important Chinese imperial cities, Chang'an in the 7th to 9th century, and Beijing after the 14th century, indicate that a crucial feature of the Chinese imperial urban plan, the position of the imperial palaces, is in the north center at Chang'an and roughly in the exact center at Beijing, thereby dispelling the myth of the direct descent of all Chinese imperial city plans from the King of Zhou's city. Moreover, an examination of excavated cities of the first millennium B. C. shows that the Chang'an plan, the Beijing plan, and a third type, the double city, have their origins in China before the 1st century A. D., when the Kaogong Ji is believed to have been written. Moreover, all three city plan types can be traced through several thousand years of Chinese city building. After stating the hypothesis of three lineages of Chinese imperial city building, the paper illustrates and briefly comments on the key examples of each city type through history. More than 20 cities are involved in understanding the evolution of the imperial Chinese plans. Thus this paper also includes many Chinese capital plans heretofore unpublished in a Western language. The plan of Chang'an is different from that of Beijing because the latter city was built on the ruins of a city designed anew by the Mongol ruler of China, Khubilai Khan, with the intent of adhering to the prescribed design of the Kaogong Ji; whereas Chang'an was built according to a plan used by native and non-Chinese rulers of China only until the advent of Mongolian rule (with one exception.) Finally, this paper examines the assumption that there was little variation in Chinese imperial city building. A main reason for the assumed uniformities in Chinese capitals is because the imperial city is traditionally one of the most potent symbols of imperial rule, such that digression from it might imply less than legitimate rulership. Thus it can be shown that Chinese and non-Chinese dynasties had their actual city schemes amended for the historical record through the publication of fictitious city plans.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Architecture – China – Beijing"

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Qin, Xiang. "Micro-apartment in Beijing China." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439309603.

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葉葆芝 and Po-chi Pamela Yip. "Urban development and modern architecture in Beijing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41548784.

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Chiang, Hong-man Michael, and 蔣匡文. "Fengshui planning and architecture design of Beijing (1412-1911) = Beijing feng shui jian zhu gui hua." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194609.

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Chiu, Calvin. "On Chinese Architecture." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/797.

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From the four-thousand-year obsession with timber structures to the radical fascination of steel and glass in recent decades, in a Westerner's eye, Chinese architecture evolves either too slow or too fast. The current construction boom may seem parallel to Mao's Great Leap Forward in late 1950s, when the entire nation was taking radical action for socialist industrialization; this time, it is capitalist modernization. A polarized situation surfaces as some architects are willing to align with the government and drastically transform their architecture to keep up with the movement, while others are urging for an effort to connect the past and the present, so that traditions can continue to evolve along with technological advancement. Theories of modern Chinese architecture have birthed mainly from this debate.

The struggle with modernization began almost a century ago. After the fall of the Imperial Qing in 1911, foreign architects and local designers with Western academic backgrounds introduced formalism, functionalism, modernism, and traditionalism into the siheyuans (traditional courtyard houses) and imperial palaces of the capital city. The quest for a consciously "modern Chinese" architecture began. In the 1950s, China underwent a huge phase of reshaping along with the ascendancy of communism. The communist government adopted Soviet models to make Beijing a paradigm for social realism. They brought down ancient infrastructures and historical buildings to make way for monuments, worker apartments, and public squares. They advocated the idea of "national form and socialist content" to derive a new architecture.

From the 1980s on, Beijing and the entire nation began to enjoy the first-ever continuous twenty-five years of undisrupted time on urban and social development since the turning of the twentieth century. Under the open-door economic reform, the authorities began to transform Beijing into a cosmopolitan. The capital city was to perform not only as a showcase for political stability, but also to express the national image, values, and beliefs. They attempted to retain the tradition of Chinese order on one hand, and to welcome capitalist commodities and foreign technologies on the other. Citizens remain proud of their four-thousand-year heritage but are also overwhelmed by materialistic luxury from the economic boom. To the authorities, erasure of Beijing's physical past becomes legitimate under the reconstruction of selected heritage buildings and a rapid urban development.

Contemporary architecture in Beijing represents the chaotic phenomenon of today?s China. Bounded by its ghosted city wall, the rapidly changing capital epitomizes the conflict between the old and new. Pressures upon the shoulders of the local architects remain strong: political and economic constraints, legacies of the past, ambition to catch up with the world, and the urge of self-rediscovery in the globalized stage. What is the reality behind the ambition to catch up with the developed world? Is the desire to become modern and at the same time maintain their traditions only a curl-de-sac that leads to nowhere?

This thesis is a quest to revaluate the evolution of Chinese architecture from the classical Chinese curved-roof buildings to modern designs. In the making of modern Chinese architecture, a number of ideologies arise, along with political makeovers and societal developments, aiming to re-present past glories, to reflect present national achievements, and to reveal the dream of a utopian future. However, real living always comes second to political ideals on how the society should look and what they should head toward. The concern for humanity remains a nominal criterion after politics and economy in most of the construction projects.

This thesis focuses on a two-and-a-half-month journey in northern China. The journey is recorded in the form of a travelogue, which provides the narrative core of the thesis. In addition, the thesis includes academic research on Chinese architecture, embodied in four essays, to investigate its evolution, understand its relationship to the past, acknowledge its current dilemma, and search for the components that make up its identity for the twenty-first century. This thesis aims to give a sense of Chinese architectural development, both in theory and in practice, as well as including a collection of critical remarks on how the authorities manipulate architectural expressions and direct its development. The first two essays deal with urban symbolism in Beijing that the authorities have created to redefine the past and to construct an image of a bright future. Architects are only required to carry out duties, like civil servants, to realize governmental plans. The other two aim to make a contribution to the history of cultural fusion between China and the West, and the evolution of architectural theories that led to the current phenomenon, respectively. The former traces the evolutionary path of Chinese architecture and the latter compiles the concepts of Chinese architecture from the study of Chinese architecture to the realization of the buildings.

My journey begins with an exploration of ancient architecture in the provinces of Shanxi and Hebei, following the footsteps of architectural scholar Liang Sicheng. Liang and his team documented and studied 2,783 ancient buildings across the nation and wrote the first complete history on Chinese architecture. He then attempted to derive the principles of modern Chinese architecture from traditional essences. The Shanxi-Hebei experience enriched my knowledge in traditional Chinese architecture and showed me what had tempted the Chinese architects not to give up their traditions, despite a strong desire to move toward modernization.

My experience in Beijing, on the other hand, provided me the opportunity to understand the dilemma of Chinese architects of the twentieth century as they faced political pressures, economic restrictions, tense construction schedules, collective ideologies, and historical legacies. Their works play a crucial role of linking the contemporary with the traditional past, and unfolding possibilities to develop modern Chinese architecture. The quest for Chinese identity in architecture in the past few generations has imposed a complex layering of the urban structure of the city, which makes the capital a showcase for architectural ideologies of different eras.

In the current rapid "Manhattanization", Beijing has become an experimental ground for foreign futuristic ideas, as well as an open-air museum of imperial and socialist glories. The identity of the city is completely shaped by authorities and developers under a blindfold desire to pursue a global representation of modernization. Local architects receive little chance, time, and freedom to find their own path, make their own architecture, and develop their own profession. Societal criticisms remain scarce and creativity is limited by self-censorship. Yet, like their predecessors in the 1930s and 1950s, contemporary architects do not give up. Many of them still search for new design possibilities within the influences of traditions to innovations, and from local philosophies to Western ideologies. Although the pace of construction remains unbelievably fast in China, the development of local architecture struggles to find ways to evolve and express its societal significance. The maturity of the architectural profession remains an aspect that is unachievable through overnight transformations and one-time planning.
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Du, Wei 1962. "A study of medium-rise high-density housing : Beijing, 1979-1990." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22542.

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In China, huge population and limited arable land resources constitute one of the basic contradictions in urban mass housing design. As a stereotype, medium-rise apartment buildings were constructed to attain high densities all over the country during the 1980s. The extensive use of the housing typologies caused problems in many aspects. This reflects the poverty of architectural solutions and the consequences of the socio-economic systems of the country.
Focusing on the aspects of single building design and site planning, this thesis analyses the methods to reach high building densities in medium-rise mass housing design in Beijing from 1979 to 1990. The study is conducted through the review of the socio-economic issues and the introduction of mass housing design of the country. It intends to see the interrelationships between ways to attain high building densities and the socio-economic backgrounds.
The research indicates that methods to reach high building densities are many. Ways used in Beijing during 1980s were based on the socio-economic system at the time being. These ways are not appropriate in terms of the unique urban context of the city and could be thus replaced by others.
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Li, Yue 1968. "Space between buildings in Beijing's new housing." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29950.

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In China, a standard of "relatively comfortable housing conditions" is set for the nation, but there is still a need for a parallel goal for outdoor spaces. So far, this issue has not received adequate attention from either the government or practitioners.
The purpose of this study is to examine the space between buildings in Beijing's new housing developments. The space between buildings has been chosen as a starting point for this research because it covers largest amount of land and due to its close proximity to homes, it is closely related to people's daily lives.
The quality of outdoor space is defined by a combination of factors. This study uses eight criteria to address the notion of quality: spatial hierarchy; usable space; safety and defense; health and comfort; privacy and territoriality; social contact; aesthetic appeal; and maintenance and administration. These correlated aspects are set as evaluation criteria for the six case studies included in this research. Data and analysis of case studies is used to arrive at conclusions for policy-making and further study.
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Yu, Shuishan. "To achieve the unachievable : Beijing's Chang'an Avenue and Chinese architectural modernization during the PRC era /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6233.

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Jin, You, and 靳悠. "Changing Shichahai: an historic district for a modern world." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47090881.

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Beijing is the most important and dynamic city in China. A vital ingredient in that success has been its historic environment- its imperial palaces, its temples, its siheyuans, its hutongs- which provides the texture of the Old Beijing city. The historic environment is key to Beijing’s prosperity and a social asset of value. Nearly all the most prosperous and desirable areas in Beijing, the places where people most want to live, work and visit, are those where the historic environment is a dominant influence. The article, “World Heritage Areas: A Critical Analysis”, written by Peter Neville, Hadley in National Post Canada says: UNESCO's World Heritage List is intended to help preserve historic sites, but in China, inclusion on the list can be the kiss of death. The major "carrot" of heritage designation is the increased levels of tourism its prestige generates. Apparently, not only the designated heritage sites, but all the heritages are faced with the fate of being destroyed by tourism and development. Old buildings and lanes in Beijing never stop drawing visitors. The city, even the whole country is now proud of prosperous tourism which is always associated with ‘economic flourishing’. Virtually, every introduction tourism text contains at least one chapter discussing the social, cultural, and environmental impacts of tourism. This topic has also been the subject of extensive investigation in the academic literature. However, in regions that are undergoing rapid development and where an ethos of conservation has not been established, often surprising ignorance of the negative consequences of tourism exists. In China, the attitude is still that the benefits of economic development outweigh any adverse costs such development may have. However, such an attitude is now seen as being shortsighted. As a result, a more balanced approach to tourism is advocated, acknowledging both its beneficial and detrimental effects on host communities and their cultures. Conservation is about ensuring that we make the best use of our historic environment. It is a tool for managing change. Some still believe that conservation is simple about preserving the fabric of old buildings unchanged and developing the economic potential of tourism. They failed to see that conservation is an overarching work, the opposite of a wasteful society. It is easy to destroy - and today we have the tools, the money and the technology - but difficult to create. Cultural heritage, areas, landscapes and communities are a finite resource. Once lost they are lost forever. The purpose of conservation is to ensure that destruction is kept to a minimum while allowing creativity and innovation to flourish. We should preserve the town of the past for the man of the future.
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Conservation
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Master of Science in Conservation
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Guo, Diane D. "Building the Invisible: Bridging the Gap Between Past and Future in Chinese Architecture." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1336762867.

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Boufflet, Stéphanie. "Le processus de renaturation de la capitale chinoise à l'aube des années 2000 : un "souffle vert" sur Pékin ?" Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737494.

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Notre recherche interroge la portée de la nouvelle politique environnementale de la capitale chinoise, dont la mise en oeuvre a été précipitée dans le cadre de l'accueil des Jeux Olympiques.Si la trame urbaine de Pékin était encore il y a peu l'un des derniers héritages des préceptes traditionnels d'aménagement de l'espace chinois entre "montagne et eau" et se référant au "souffle - qi", qui anime toute chose et tout être dans la cosmogonie chinoise et qui est à la base de l'implantation de la ville sur son site, les politiques urbaines menées au cours du XXe siècle ont détruit en grande partie cet héritage.La prise de conscience environnementale amorcée dans les années 90 a généré une nouvelle approche au territoire qui s'est accélérée en 2001 dans l'optique de l'accueil des green Olympic Games en 2008. La reforestation de la capitale chinoise a alors été considérée à toutes les échelles, de celle du pays à celle de la rue.A l'échelle de son territoire périurbain, Pékin s'est dotée de deux ceintures vertes. Pour autant, le gouvernement municipal a choisi la voie de l'originalité en planifiant des "ceintures vertes habitées", à 50%pour la première et à 30% pour la seconde. A l'échelle de sa zone urbaine, la municipalité a mis en place de nouvelles promenades paysagères qui s'étirent le long des routes et des canaux et qui font apparaitre une nouvelle typologie d'espaces publics qui trouve son origine dans la réhabilitation de l'axe historique nord-sud et qui a permis outre la réhabilitation de l'histoire ancienne, celle de la réhabilitation du paysage ancien.Des ceintures vertes aux coulées vertes, la qualité de vie est sans nul doute améliorée à Pékin. Ce souffle vert est-il pour autant porteur d'une nouvelle identité urbaine? Attendons encore pour voir. Pékin 2050.Alors ce souffle vert?
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Books on the topic "Architecture – China – Beijing"

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Greco, Claudio. Beijing: The new city. Milano: Skira, 2008.

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Beijing Shi jian zhu she ji yan jiu yuan., ed. Olympic architecture: Beijing 2008. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008.

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Beijing tian tan: Temple of Heaven. Beijing Shi: Qing hua da xue chu ban she, 2009.

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Chinese spatial strategies: Imperial Beijing, 1420-1911. New York: Routledge, 2003.

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Zhu, Jianfei. Chinese spatial strategies: Imperial Beijing, 1420-1911. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.

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Chris, Abel, ed. Beijing International Airport: Foster + Partners. Munich: Prestel, 2010.

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Zi jin cheng jian zhu. Beijing: Zi jin cheng chu ban she, 2006.

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Yang, Zhigang. Beijing's Imperial Palace: The illustrated guide to the architecture, history and splendor of the Forbidden City. Reader's Digest Association, Inc: Pleasantville, N.Y., 2009.

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Nicoletta, Celli, ed. The treasures of imperial Beijing. Vercelli, Italy: White Star Publishers, 2007.

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Lihong, Xie, ed. Beijing gu dai jian zhu bo wu guan wen ji: Beijinggudaijianzhubowuguanwenji. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo min zhu fa zhi chu ban she, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Architecture – China – Beijing"

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"Sustainable development capacity of resource-based cities in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: A comparative study." In Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 1093–100. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315226187-200.

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Cooley, Alexander, and Daniel Nexon. "Exit from Above." In Exit from Hegemony, 80–109. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190916473.003.0004.

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Russia and China are engaged in substantial efforts to contest existing international architecture while building alternative infrastructure. A desire for greater influence and status drives some of these efforts. At the same time, a number of autocratic regimes, including Russia and China, now consider international political liberalism—especially when supported by the United States—as a direct threat to their security. Moscow and Beijing first developed ways of insulating themselves against liberalizing pressure. They next turned to contesting and reversing that international political liberalism. This chapter traces specific ways that Moscow and Beijing have “exited from above,” such as via the New Development Bank, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It shows how such efforts have already transformed the ecology of international order, creating a parallel “world without the West” and disrupting the jurisdictions and functions of existing, more liberal, international government organizations.
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"OMA Office for Metropolitan Architecture, Rotterdam /Beijing Peking, Netherlands Niederlande /China NORRA TORNEN, Stockholm, Sweden Schweden." In Best Highrises 2020/21, 14–24. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783868599527-003.

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Liu, L., J. Qu, J. Zeng, and S. Zhang. "Per capita carbon footprint characteristics based on household consumption in Beijing, China." In Architectural, Energy and Information Engineering, 649–52. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19197-142.

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Sun, Y., Q. Chang, F. Han, H. Li, and L. Zhang. "SWMM-based evaluation and improvement of drainage infrastructure: A case in Beijing, China." In Progress in Civil, Architectural and Hydraulic Engineering IV, 1173–77. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19383-240.

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Conference papers on the topic "Architecture – China – Beijing"

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Xiangbin, Meng, Sui Zhiqiang, Wang Xiuyin, Shan Lianyu, Duan Jibing, and Duan Jibing. "A Universal Seismic Processing Software Development Frame on Heterogeneous Parallel Multi-core Architecture." In Beijing 2014 International Geophysical Conference & Exposition, Beijing, China, 21-24 April 2014. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Chinese Petroleum Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/igcbeijing2014-062.

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LU, Tingying, Jiali LI, and Ning PENG. "Heterotopic space characteristics of urban village in China: Take Guandongdian district in Beijing as an example." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6034.

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Heterotopic space characteristics of urban village in China: Take Guandongdian district in Beijing as an example Lu Tingying¹, Li Jiali2, Peng Ning2 ¹Center of Architecture Research and Design. University Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences. UCAS Youth Apartment, No. 80 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China 2Center of Architecture Research and Design. University Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences. UCAS Youth Apartment, No. 80 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China E-mail: 1102684155@qq.com, lijiali020020@163.com, pengning18@sina.com Keywords: Heterotopias, space characteristics, urban village, Guandongdian, diversification Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space For the first time in the history of China, more of its mainland population are living in cities than in rural villages. The land acquisition and real estate development have caused rapid disappearance and decline of a large number of traditional villages, resulting in "urban villages" in China. They seem chaotic, but contain rich and colorful social life. The living environment is really harsh, but people always maintain close relationship with each other. They are different from neither the modern urban nor traditional villages, but they have their own unique vitality. Such heterogeneous space is always a symbol of historical change and cultural collision which, according to the French philosopher Michel Foucault, can be called Heterotopias. In order to study this heterotopic phenomenon, the triangular area of Guandongdian district in Beijing has been chosen as the object of this case study. With the in-depth investigation of interviews, observation, statistics and sketches, this paper is trying to interpret the characteristics of the heterotopic state of the urban village from three aspects of social form, urban morphology and architectural feature. Eventually, in order to keep the complexity and diversification of urban village, several strategies are put forward for reference to future transforming practice. References Foucault, M. (1967) Of Other Spaces: Utopias and Heterotopias, Trans. Miskoviec, J.(1984), Architecture /Mouvement /Continuité (http://foucault.info/documents/heteroTopia/foucault.heteroTopia.en.html) Selina Abraham. (2013) ‘The heterotopic space of Chirag Delhi’, unpublished research paper, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi. WANG Su. (2013) ‘Heterotopias versus Cultural Imagination: An Interpretation of the Metropolitan Space of Tianjin from the Perspective of Michel Foucault’ s Of Other Spaces (Heterotopias)’ Journal of Nanyang Normal University 12, 50-53.
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Mao, Lin, Liu Li, Song Xuefeng, Wan Ce, and Tayir Ibrahim. "Improvement on Exploration Data Processing of Cluster Architecture in Big Data Era." In International Geophysical Conference, Beijing, China, 24-27 April 2018. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Chinese Petroleum Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/igc2018-418.

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Sisi Wang, Jia Wang, Wu Che, and Junqi Li. "Plant selection and design of bioretention in northern China: taking Beijing as an example." In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Problems in Architecture and Construction. IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.1246.

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Xinhua Liu and Zhuangzhi Sun. "Architecture for structural optimization of urban road networks - case study of Beijing City." In 5th Advanced Forum on Transportation of China (AFTC 2009). IET, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2009.1609.

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Liu, Ming, and Feng Song. "Urban morphology in China: origins and progress." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5654.

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Author name: Ming Liu, Feng Song* Affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences. Peking UniversityAdress: Room 3463, Building Yifuer, Peking University, Haidian district, Beijing, China 100871 E-mail: liumingpku1992@163.com, songfeng@urban,pku.edu.cn*Telephone nember: +8618810328816, +8613910136101* Keywords: urban morphology, disciplinary history, Conzen, China Abstract: This paper traces the origins and development of indigenous urban morphological research in China. It also considers the adoption of the theories and methods of the Conzenian School. Urban morphological research in China is carried out in different disciplines: mainly archaeology, geography, and architecture. The earliest significant work was within archaeology, but that has been widely ignored by current urban morphological researchers. As an urban archaeologist whose first degree was in architecture, Zhengzhi Zhao worked on the Studies on the reconstruction of the city plan of Ta-Tu in the Yuan Dynasty in 1957. He uncovered the original city plan of Ta-Tu (now Beijing) in the Yuan Dynasty by applying street pattern analysis. Before the Cultural Revolution, Pingfang Xu recorded and collated the research findings of Zhao, who was by then seriously ill, so that the methods he developed could be continued with the help of other scholars especially archaeologists. His methods of study are still used in studies of urban form in China today. Later, the dissemination of the Conzenian School of thought, aided by two ISUF conferences in China, promoted the development of studies of Chinese urban form. With the help of Jeremy Whitehand, researchers, including the Urban Morphology Research Group of Peking University, applied the theories and methods of the Conzenian School through field work and empirical studies. Taking the opportunity of the 110th anniversaries of the birth of both M.R.G. Conzen and Zhengzhi Zhao, this paper summarizes multidisciplinary urban morphological research in China.
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Li, Bo. "Sustainable development capacity of resource-based cities in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: A comparative study." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering (ICCAE2016). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116242-3.

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Chuan Lin, Ye Sun, and Zhiyong Fang. "From the perspective of the new urbanism to see the construction of low-carbon urban in China - taking Beijing as an example." In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Problems in Architecture and Construction. IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.1305.

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Xu, Yungui, Yezheng Hu, Guangyi Hu, and Haifeng Wang. "From seismic to fluvial reservoir modeling with the constraint of architecture interface." In SEG 2020 Workshop: Broadband and Wide-Azimuth Deepwater Seismic Technology, Beijing, China, 13–15 July 2020. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/bwds2020_19.1.

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Xu, Yungui, Yezheng Hu, Guangyi Hu, and Haifeng Wang. "Analysis of residual oil recovery based on fluvial reservoir models with architecture interface." In SEG 2020 Workshop: Broadband and Wide-Azimuth Deepwater Seismic Technology, Beijing, China, 13–15 July 2020. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/bwds2020_35.1.

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