Journal articles on the topic 'Architecture and Urban Environment'
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1
Alzemeneva, E. V., and Yu V. Mamaeva. "IDENTITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT." Engineering and Construction Bulletin of the Caspian Region 112 (2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52684/2312-3702-2021-36-2-40-47.
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Modern research on the sustainability of the urban environment mainly focuses on environmental factors like water, air, energy and transport, while urban identity rarely attracts attention. The concept of sustainability, which includes the identity of the urban environment, combines a wide range of factors, including urban planning and architectural objects, natural, geographical, cultural products and social norms. With modern architectural and urban development and globalization, cities are increasingly facing the problem of losing their original identity. In the context of the concept of the identity of the urban environment considered in this study, the role of urban planning objects, architecture and culture in the formation and maintenance of the unique identity of the city of Astrakhan and the need for considerable attention to the resource of identity for the development of the city and the region is stressed.
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Li, Dong, and Sun Chuan. "Research on Natrual Regeneration Measures of Urban Low-Carbon Ecological Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.547.
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This paper, based on the relationships of Architecture Environment ,conducted systematic research on the means of climate environment design, probed into the tactics of feasibility of climate environment in the architecture design and architecture technologies ,and low-carbon building is not only the demand of the protection of source and energy with ecological environment but also the one that can meet peoples requirements for easy and comfortable ,economic and energy conservation inhabitation environment. When respecting nature, the process of optimizing architectural environment should be promoted actively with creation so as to obtain comprehensive benefits of natural, economy and ecology Keywords-Nature; Low Carbon; Ecological Architecture; Environment
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Ponomarev, Evgeny, Konstantin Ivshin, and Oksana Golubeva. "Formation of visual comfort of small cities architectural environment." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 05031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124405031.
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Statement of the problem. The aim of the study is to analyse the basic elements of creating visual comfort in the urban environment in the conditions of the renovation of the existing development of Russian small towns. Results. The main results of the research are the development of the syntactic context of architecture in urban space; the definition of the architectural language as the basis for the formation of compositional characteristics of visual comfort in urban space. Conclusions. The significance of the obtained results lies in the novelty of the approach to the mechanism of updating the architectural environment of cities based on the reform of the visual characteristics of the existing buildings; in the interpretation of architectural forms that reveal the original qualities of urban architecture. The use of the methodological basis of the mechanism of visual renewal of the architectural environment and the formation of urban space as a meaningful context that reveals individual characteristics to the viewer who is in the space of the city. At the same time, the visual-figurative context of the architectural environment of cities acquires a meaningful meaning, which allows us to comprehensively consider the process of renovation of existing buildings, including the tool for visual-spatial construction of architectural solutions.
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Samol’kina, Elena Grigor’evna. "Wood in the modern architectureof small forms." Vestnik MGSU, no. 5 (May 2015): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2015.5.7-18.
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The modern world dictates severe conditions, involving people in a continuous process of changes in the environment. Active building and construction work, urban densification are rapidly transforming environment, creating a new architectural space with intense impact on people. In this regard, there is much tension around the issue of provision of urban amenities, forming comfortable environment for a full human life. The comfort of the urban environment is determined by a set of visual perception of the constituent elements of this environment: architecture, design, landscape and their harmonious unity with nature. A remarkable component of visual perception, making urban space aesthetically appealing, is small architecture.Small architecture in Russia has always played a special role. Being perceived in the context of space, creating at the same time a certain mood and emotions, small forms diversified architectural environment, making it aesthetically appealing. The question about the direction of urban policy in the field of provision of urban amenities was made in 1921, when the first Congress on improvement of populated areas took place. With this legislation originated overall urban development approach as inseparable system layout of the city, its architectural appearance and landscaping. Architectural workshops developed model projects of small forms with recommendations for improvement, which helped to inexpensively create individual features in urban development. At present, the provision of urban amenities have moved to a new level, becoming more grandscale, capital-intensive.The main requirements for small architectural forms are to create a harmonious space, the fusion of architecture with the natural elements. The most harmonious perception of small architectural forms in the environment is achieved through the use of natural building materials. The use of natural materials in urban environment represents nature, creates a comfortable environment psychologically close to a person. Wood, among other natural materials, has an undoubted advantage. Absolute compatibility, unique design quality, expressive possibilities of the material and its ability to form a comfortable living environment, harmoniously combined with other materials, provide greater demand for wood in modern architecture.In the architecture of small forms wood is used everywhere: on the territories of residential quarters, parks and recreation areas, areas of office and commercial development, road environment, etc. A leading role in shaping the public space belongs to small structures for various functional purposes, such as benches, gazebos, sheds, sports facilities, children’s playgrounds.In the modern wooden architecture of small forms two directions are clearly traced. In the first one there is the desire to escape from the boring similar forms, transforming small architectural forms in art objects representing not only material, but also artistic value. The second direction is based on the centuries-old practice of folk art. Having been formed for centuries folk culture and national traditions fully meet the artistic tastes of the modern society. Summing up, it should be noted that the use of wood in architecture of small forms is a universal solution to shape the ecological framework of the urban environment, which is especially important in solving the problems of the modern city.
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Zrudlo, Leo R. "The Missing Dimension in the Built Environment: A Challenge for the 21st Century." Journal of Baha’i Studies 3, no. 1 (1990): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31581/jbs-3.1.4(1990).
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This article addresses architects, planners, and developers but should also interest any other professionals involved in the creation of the built environment. It begins by stating that the built environment is principally made up of buildings and groupings of buildings. Therefore, architecture and urban design are the major focus of the article. Definitions of architecture are then presented from a variety of authors and architects. An argument is made that there actually is a missing dimension in the built environment illustrated by quotations from architects, architectural theorists, amid critics. It becomes evident that architecture is unable to satisfy the emotional and aesthetic needs of people and also that the profession itself, which admits that modern architecture has created bleak and insensitive environments, is in profound disagreement on how to rectify the situation. Under the heading “Architecture–The Object” arguments for and against different architectural movements or stylistic tendencies are highlighted by quotations from the proponents of tile various styles and theories. A similar approach is taken for cities under the heading “Urban Design–The Juxtaposition of Objects.” The fact that something is missing from architectural and city design is concluded, and examples of a preoccupation for the spiritual aspect of architecture and urban design are used to illustrate this growing concern for a dimension that has been much neglected in tile previous several decades. The notion of “spiritual” is then defined, followed by a list of spiritual qualities. Two important principles, unity in diversity and consultation are discussed before presenting some concluding thoughts on how the designers of the built environment can begin finding ways of infusing their designs with a spiritual dimension.
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Vorobyeva, Alexandra M. "Evolution of Landscape Architecture." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 856–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.856.
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The article considers the historical process of landscape architecture development as a special direction of architectural activity, engaged in creating the open spaces environment of the urban areas. The methods and principles of landscape objects creating throughout the considered historical period, including the present stage, are investigated. The connection between architecture and landscape architecture in urban open spaces construction, as well as the influence of state policy on the formation of a school of landscape architects are showed.
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Ильичев, В. А., В. И. Колчунов, and Н. В. Бакаева. "URBAN PLANNING ARCHITECTURE." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА И АРХИТЕКТУРЫ, no. 4(60) (December 29, 2020): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.60.4.012.
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Постановка задачи. Новые вызовы современности и динамика общественно-политических и социально-экономических факторов развития России существенным образом влияют на методологию градостроительства. Ухудшающаяся во многих городах экологическая обстановка побуждает по-новому подойти к ее осмыслению и ставит задачу разработки новых принципов жизнедеятельности города, регламентирующих биосферную совместимость городов и развитие человеческого потенциала. Требуется создание программ реновации городской среды и действенных механизмов их реализации на основе новой парадигмы биосферосовместимых технологий. Результаты. В статье рассмотрен принципиально новый подход - градоустройство, под которым следует понимать систему фундаментальных положений о жизнеустройстве на территориях городов и поселений, а также принципы их пространственного развития и расселения. В практическом плане градоустройство - это деятельность по внутреннему обустройству среды жизнедеятельности города, созданию благоприятных условий для жизни всех без исключения категорий и слоев населения. Принципиальные отличия концепции градоустройства от градостроительства связаны с необходимостью осознания единства города и природы, симбиотического «встраивания» города в биосферу. Центральными элементами концепции градоустройства является человек, условия для его развития в городской среде. Выводы. Практика градоустройства позволяет решать проблемы инновационного развития экономики городов и повышения человеческого потенциала, а в долгосрочной перспективе - преобразования городов в биосферосовместимые и развивающие человека в безальтернативных условиях для выживания человечества, ставящих в приоритет развитие интеллектуального сообщества. Statement of the problem. New current challenges and the dynamics of socio-political and socio-economic factors in the development of Russia significantly affect the methodology of urban planning. The deteriorating environmental situation in a lot of cities encourages the design of a new approach to understanding and developing new principles of city life that regulate the biosphere compatibility of cities and development of human capital as the main criteria for the effectiveness of territorial planning, construction and operation of urban facilities. Results. The article deals with a fundamentally new approach-urban planning which should be understood as a system of fundamental provisions on life in the territories of cities and settlements and principles of their spatial development and settlement. Practically speaking, urban planning is an activity for the internal arrangement of the city's living environment, creating favorable conditions for the life of all categories and strata of the population without exception. The fundamental differences between the concept of urban development and urban planning are related to the need to understand the unity of the city and nature, the symbiotic “embedding” of the city in the biosphere. The central element of the concept of urban development is the person, the conditions for its development in the urban environment. Conclusions. As part of the research, the practice of urban planning allows one to solve the problems of innovative development of the urban economy and increasing human potential, and in the long term - transforming cities into biosphere-compatible and developing people as an alternative condition for the survival of humanity and a priority for its development as an intellectual community.
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GENERALOV, Viktor P., and Elena M. GENERALOVA. "LIFESTYLE, ARCHITECTURE AND QUALITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT." Urban construction and architecture 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2021.01.20.
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The study reveals the aspects that defi ne the concept of “lifestyle”, including the main categories: standard of living, lifestyle, quality of life and lifestyle. Insuffi cient knowledge of the mutual infl uence of people’s “lifestyle” on the typological structure of apartments and residential buildings, on the quality of the urban environment is emphasized. The infl uence of the level of urbanization of the city territory on the characteristics of the “urban lifestyle” is considered. Problematic issues are raised related to the debate on the relationship between building density and comfort and the quality index of the living environment. The main directions of fundamental research in the fi eld of architecture, aimed at the development of new types of buildings, are touched upon. The emphasis is made on the methods of using high-rise buildings for the humanization of the urban environment and the formation of a modern “compact city”.
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Maturana, Beatriz, Ashraf M. Salama, and Anthony McInneny. "Architecture, urbanism and health in a post-pandemic virtual world." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 15, no. 1 (March 11, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-02-2021-0024.
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PurposeThe highly contagious coronavirus and the rapid spread of COVID-19 disease have generated a global public health crisis. Crises are being addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines, emerging working and living patterns and the utilisation of technology to partially replace physical learning environments. The purpose of this article is to capture the key messages of the contributions published in this special edition of Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, Volume 15, Issue 1, March 2021. Reviewing more than 70 submissions, 15 articles have been identified that are contributed by 35 scholars, educators and practitioners from 12 countries. The article calls for the need to embed trans-disciplinarity in current and future built environment research.Design/methodology/approachDriven by the fact that architecture, urban design and planning and built environment studies interact and have direct correlation with public health and virus spread. The approach to develop and present the key messages of the contributions is premised on three areas: (a) the pandemic condition as it relates to the built environment, (b) analytical reflections on the emerging themes and (c) the diversity and complexity embedded in these themes.FindingsWhile some contributions speak to the particularities of their contexts, others address regional or global parameters. The enquiry into architectural research, architectural education and architectural design indicates some of the important methods and tools to address the accelerated adoption, adaption and redesign needed to create a new and better normal which embeds flexibility, adaptability and continuous learning. The papers represent brilliant investiture to address the momentous insinuations the COVID-19 condition has on the built environment.Research limitations/implicationsThe diversity of implications reveals potential alternative futures for urbanity and society and the associated education and practice of future built environment professions. While the contributions invite us to critically envisage possibilities for future research and collective action, critical fast-track empirical research is needed to address how health is an integral component in the production of architecture and urban environments.Originality/valueThe diversity, complexity, depth and breadth of the contribution convey important insights on people, health and the spatial environments that accommodate both. Trans-disciplinarity, as it relates to research and action and to the production of urban environments, is viewed as a form of learning involving co-operation among different parts of society, professionals and academia in order to meet complex challenges of society such this pandemic condition. This approach has enabled the identification of three future research areas in architecture urbanism that include implications of virus spread on urban environments, how spatial and social distancing measures and protocols are altering our understanding of spatial design.
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Gil-Mastalerczyk, Joanna. "Conscious approach to urban and extra-urban space restructuring as seen in the designs of Architecture students." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 04016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817404016.
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In education of architects and urban planners, it is important to rely on interdisciplinary approach to many factors involved in the process. Especially in the built environment context, the awareness of the interaction of different components is of key importance. In their future work, architecture students need to have responsible and socially-oriented standpoint. It will be demonstrated in the creation of architectural objects in the natural landscape surroundings, and in the attitude to different type of architectural and urban spaces. Safety, the use of natural resources, the relations between architecture and the surrounds, the evaluation of the environmental components and their impact on the creative process are extremely important. The paper discusses examples of space solutions in the urban areas and those located outside cities. Those solutions involve daring architectural and urban forms that make use of the natural environment assets, and also quality architectural work and design. The presence of such objects is a response to the demand from the society, consequently it seems reasonable to explore the issues related to architectural education.
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Dubinskiy V. P. and Nesen A. A. "INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AS A MEANS OF FORMATION OF VISUAL-COMMUNICATION ENVIRONMENT OF THE MODERN CITY." International Academy Journal Web of Scholar, no. 3(33) (February 28, 2019): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_wos/31032019/6388.
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The article considerers innovative technologies as a means of formation of a visual-communication environment of the modern city. The article estimates the impact of innovative technologies on the architectural appearance of the modern city, the role of these technologies in the improvement of anthropogenic and natural elements of the urban environment is investigated. The points of view of specialists from different areas about the concepts of “city”, “urban environment” are presented, the current trends in the study of the phenomenon of the modern city and its component system are analyzed. The definition of the visual-communication environment of the modern city is given, attention is focused on its distinctive features. The five prevailing innovation directions (architectural bionics, adaptive architecture, arcology, green architecture, smart architecture) are defined, the principles and technologies of which are introduced into the urban environment. Characteristic features are studied and the followers of these trends are enumerated, as well as their realized examples of introducing the innovative directions into the modern cities’ environment. The ability of the visual communication environment to adapt and transform is considered. An analysis is made of the role of a man as a resident-user of the modern city in the chain of relationships between the architecture and innovation.
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Ilyichev, V. A., V. I. Kolchunov, and N. V. Bakaeva. "URBAN PLANNING ARCHITECTURE." Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture, no. 4(48) (January 6, 2021): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.48.4.008.
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Statement of the problem. New challenges of our time and the dynamics of socio-political and socio-economic factors in the development of Russia significantly affect the methodology of urban planning. The deteriorating environmental situation in many cities encourages a new approach to understanding and developing new principles of city life that regulate the biosphere compatibility of cities and the development of human capital as the main criteria for the effectiveness of territorial planning, construction and operation of urban facilities. Results. The article deals with a fundamentally new approach-urban planning, which should be understood as a system of fundamental provisions on life in the territories of cities and settlements and the principles of their spatial development and settlement. In practical terms, urban planning is an activity for the internal arrangement of the city's living environment, creating favorable conditions for the life of all categories and strata of the population without exception. The fundamental differences between the concept of urban development and urban planning are related to the need to understand the unity of the city and Nature, the symbiotic "embedding" of the city in the Biosphere. The Central element of the concept of urban development is the person, the conditions for its development in the urban environment.Conclusion. As part of the research, the practice of urban planning allows solving the problems of innovative development of the urban economy and increasing human potential, and in the long term -- transforming cities into biosphere-compatible and developing people as an alternative condition forthe survival of humanity and a priority for its development as an intellectual community.
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Ilyichev, V. A., V. I. Kolchunov, and N. V. Bakaeva. "URBAN PLANNING ARCHITECTURE." Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture, no. 4(48) (January 6, 2021): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.48.4.008.
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Statement of the problem. New challenges of our time and the dynamics of socio-political and socio-economic factors in the development of Russia significantly affect the methodology of urban planning. The deteriorating environmental situation in many cities encourages a new approach to understanding and developing new principles of city life that regulate the biosphere compatibility of cities and the development of human capital as the main criteria for the effectiveness of territorial planning, construction and operation of urban facilities. Results. The article deals with a fundamentally new approach-urban planning, which should be understood as a system of fundamental provisions on life in the territories of cities and settlements and the principles of their spatial development and settlement. In practical terms, urban planning is an activity for the internal arrangement of the city's living environment, creating favorable conditions for the life of all categories and strata of the population without exception. The fundamental differences between the concept of urban development and urban planning are related to the need to understand the unity of the city and Nature, the symbiotic "embedding" of the city in the Biosphere. The Central element of the concept of urban development is the person, the conditions for its development in the urban environment.Conclusion. As part of the research, the practice of urban planning allows solving the problems of innovative development of the urban economy and increasing human potential, and in the long term -- transforming cities into biosphere-compatible and developing people as an alternative condition forthe survival of humanity and a priority for its development as an intellectual community.
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Rodríguez Iturriaga, Marta. "Learning from COVID-19: The Role of Architecture in the Experience of Urban Landscapes." Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture 19, no. 1 (July 26, 2021): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rv-10182.
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The COVID-19 pandemic, with its lockdowns and mobility restrictions, has created an atmosphere of global reflection towards contemporary urban landscapes. Architecture is an essential component in them and determines, to a large extent, how building users perceive, interpret, and value the surrounding environment. From an experiential and phenomenological perspective, and taking into account the situations lived in 2020, the paper invites to examine the existing relations between architecture and urban landscape at three levels: first, the experience of the environment from the architectural space —namely, the home—; second, the experience of the “interior urban landscape” at street level; and finally, the experience of the “exterior urban landscape” from the city fringe or vantage points that provide vast prospects. The article advocates a holistic understanding of landscapes from the architectural and planning practice and proposes this integrating issue as the guiding axis of new urban policies.
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Cisek, Ewa. "IDEA OF ECOSTRUCTURE IN CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE OF OSLO." Space&FORM 45 (March 30, 2021): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.45.b-01.
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The revitalization actions carried out in recent years within the urban tissue of Oslo made it possible to generate architectural layouts of a new character known as eco-structures. They are created both in the wharf zones of the city and accompanying natural and artificially formed promontories (Fjordbyen enterprise) as well as in its very centre (Grünerløkke district). These are old closed port and post-industrial areas now transformed into new layouts with residential, service, culture-creating and recreation functions. Frequently shaped on the border of two environments, i.e. urban and water as well as urban and park ones, they create a new quality of architecture making a dialogue with the natural environment and the local ecosystem.
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Davidson, James. "A Proposal for the Future of Vernacular Architecture Studies." Open House International 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2013-b0006.
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Given the broad scale and fundamental transformations occurring to both the natural environment and human condition in the present era, what does the future hold for vernacular architecture studies? In a world where Capital A (sometimes referred to as ‘polite’) architectural icons dominate our skylines and set the agenda for our educational institutions, is the study of vernacular architecture still relevant? What role could it possibly have in understanding and subsequently impacting on architectural education, theory and practice, and in turn, professional built environment design? Imagine for a minute, a world where there is no divide between the vernacular and the ‘polite’, where all built environments, past and present are open to formal research agendas whereby the inherent knowledge in their built histories inform the professional design paradigm of the day – in all built settings, be they formal or informal, Western or non-Western. In this paper, the author is concerned with keeping the flames of intellectual discontent burning in proposing a transformation and reversal of the fortunes of VAS within mainstream architectural history and theory. In a world where a social networking website can ignite a revolution, one can already see the depth of global transformations on the doorstep. No longer is there any excuse to continue intellectualizing global futures solely within a Western (Euro-American) framework. In looking at the history of VAS, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate that the answers for its future pathways lie in an understanding of the intellectual history underpinning its origins. As such, the paper contends that the epistemological divide established in the 1920s by art historians, whereby the exclusion of so-called non-architect architectures from the mainstream canon of architectural history has resulted in an entire architectural corpus being ignored in formal educational institutions and architectural societies today. Due to this exclusion, the majority of mainstream architectural thinkers have resisted theorizing on the vernacular. In the post-colonial era of globalization the world has changed, and along with it, so have many of the original paradigms underpinning the epistemologies setting vernacular environments apart. In exploring this subject, the paper firstly positions this dichotomy within the spectrum of Euro-American architectural history and theory discourse; secondly, draws together the work of scholars who have at some point in the past called for the obsolescence of the term ‘vernacular’ and the erasure of categorical distinctions that impact on the formal study of what are perceived as non-architectural environments; and finally, sets out the form by which curricula for studies of world architecture could take.
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Pernice, Raffaele. "Changing Architectures and Evolving Urbanism in Modern Japanese Urban Environment." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, no. 5 (2014): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2014.v6.725.
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Hasegawa, Shiho. "A study of the biological concept in architectural thought: A comparison between 'Der raum als membran' (1926) and 'Metabolism' (1960)." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 11, no. 3 (2019): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1903427h.
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This study analyzes the biological influence on the architecture in the 20th century by focusing on two particular biological architectural thought; "Der Raum als Membran (Space as Membrane)" by Siegfried Ebeling in 1926 and "Metabolism" by a group of Japanese architects in 1960. First, I discuss "Der Raum als Membran". Ebeling saw architecture or space as a biological membrane, like skin or a cell, and he proposed a theory of biological architecture. He not only introduced into planning an environment this biological metaphor with its flexibility of a membrane but also incorporated a biological concept like Umwelt. Second, I investigate a manifesto by the name of "Metabolism", which was produced in 1960 by a group of Japanese architects. They thought buildings and urban designs had an existence and underwent metabolism, which is a basic function of living things, and proposed variable and proliferate architectures having dynamic time spans. By comparing these biological architectural concepts, I point out three main similarities: 1) the expansion of the biological concept into architecture; 2) the cell as a metaphor; and 3) dynamic buildings or urban design. Although the authors had different backgrounds, all of them introduced new architectural ideas in their own times.
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Samalavičius, Almantas. "A conversation with architect and urban planner Leon Krier." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 37, no. 4 (December 24, 2013): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2013.859445.
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Leon Krier hardly needs to be introduced to anyone who has a professional or academic interest in the discussions of architecture and urbanism of recent decades. An internationally established architect, architectural theorist and urban planner, he is well-known not only as the author of numerous architectural and urban design projects and master-plans, but also for his defense of what is sometimes called „neo-traditional” architecture and the values that were and continue to be associated with the role and aesthetics of the architecture of past centuries. Although he has been attacked for his non-conformist views and critical attitude towards radical modernism, Leon Krier remains an important figure in discussions of architecture and urbanism, and his interests overlap with present concerns for environment and sustainable future. The talk by the editor of the journal with Leon Krier is an attempt to discuss the flaws of contemporary architectural and urban practice as well as to indicate its roots and draft some prospects for the future.
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Ponomarev, Evgeny, Ekaterina Pokka, and Anna Yudakova. "Effectiveness of the cluster approach for sustainable development of small historical towns and settlements of the Republic of Tatarstan." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 10019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127410019.
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One of the key issues of modern architecture and urban development is the decline of urban life in small towns and settlements, which are experiencing the negative consequences of the new socioeconomic reality. The urbanization process, characterized by rising large cities and mega-cities is provided by an increasing influx of migration from small historical cities and settlements. However, small urban settlements, preserving features of historical architecture, natural attraction and provincial coziness are important factors in restraining the uncontrolled growth of mega-cities and as a condition for the preservation of local culture and traditions of sustainable ecological balance of the regional settlement system. Obviously, the issue of integrated development of small historical settlements is coming to the fore. To solve this problem the authors propose a cluster approach that effectively develops the architectural environment of such cities and creates attractive living and tourism environments. The purpose of the research is to develop a method of the cluster approach for sustainable development of small historical towns and settlements, aimed at a comprehensive transformation of their architectural environment while preserving of valuable historical, cultural and architectural heritage. The limitation of the research is the Republic of Tatarstan.
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Gharipour, Mohammad, and Amber L. Trout. "Curriculum development in health and the built environment: creating a multidisciplinary platform to enhance knowledge and engagement." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 14, no. 3 (May 13, 2020): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-09-2019-0212.
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PurposeOur lived experiences are complex, dynamic and increasingly connected locally and globally through virtual realities that call for an evolution and responsiveness from the field of architecture education. To ensure future built environments are designed to nurture healing and health, this paper aims to address a critical need in architecture education to integrate knowledge of health and social-behavioral disciplines in students' course work. The authors will outline the process of preparing a new multidisciplinary course on health and the built environment (HBE) at the School of Architecture and Planning at Morgan State University in Baltimore, USA, as an effort to challenge the barriers of discipline-specific pathways to learning in the field of architecture.Design/methodology/approachThe central question is how to develop an active learning pedagogy to foster a multidisciplinary learning environment focused on the “practice” (how to) of human-design-oriented approaches to improve the capability of built and natural environments to promote health and healing. The course intentionally centered on the real-life experiences of students to ground their new understanding of health and well-being fields. The course proposal went through an extensive peer-review process of reviewers from the National Institute of Health (NIH) and other departments at Morgan State University to ensure a balance between health- and architecture-specific curricula with a transdisciplinary approach to understanding complex health issues.FindingsThis paper shows the effectiveness of tools and techniques applied in the course to challenge architectural students to integrate various health and behavior perspectives in their designs and to apply health and healing principals to their current and future design projects.Originality/valueWhile there are courses in American universities that offer a traditional introduction to health concerns related to the built environment, there is limited focus on the perspective of the design field approach to improve health and healing outcomes.
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Bozhynskyi, B. "ARCHITECTURAL SPACE OF TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS AS A MODERN LIVING ENVIRONMENT." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 159 (November 27, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-50-55.
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The article is devoted to the study of architectural-spatial and historical-cultural value of traditional settlements as objects of architecture and urban planning and the potential of their possible use in the formation of the habitat of modern settlements. Particular attention is paid to the definition of urban, architectural-planning and architectural-artistic features of the spatial organization of the living environment of traditional settlements. This is a kind of vector for further development and improvement of this environment as a holistic functional and aesthetic system that improves living standards, as well as economic, social and environmental security. In the twentieth century, Western architecture tended toward globalization, and in Eastern Europe, planned industrial construction was carried out - all these measures damaged the traditional architectural environment in European countries. Architecture has become insensitive to certain regional and national features, architectural objects have become identical and faceless, cities and towns have lost their national flavor - all this has impoverished the architectural environment. Now this faceless environment oppresses residents, complicates spatial identification. Architectural and construction activities, which avoid original features, have long deprived cities and villages of attractiveness. Settlements began to look like randomly layered, independent layers. To take into account national characteristics, you need to show correctness, respect and knowledge. Moreover, all this is leveled by the pursuit of material gain. At the same time, they talk about the search for harmony, but for some reason this harmony is sought in remote abstractions, although the direct path to it lies on the surface - in national architectural features that have a whole set of aesthetic and utilitarian means for such harmony, and even those produced for local natural environment for centuries. Also for centuries, each nation has worked out the set of elements that best suits its mentality and local conditions. The problem is only in the interest of specialists, in the will and in knowledge. However, despite a number of studies in this area, systemic knowledge is still lacking, which is often the reason for the lack of desire to apply traditional features in architecture, including in the architecture of modern settlements.
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Lenh Hung Tu, Do. "Applied art in the interaction with environmental architecture and urban environment." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 04019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819304019.
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Applied art is the synthesis of many science and technologies, production process technology, and it has strong development in many countries all over the world. Applied art products are always present in all shapes and sizes in every urban space and have a strong interaction with the architectural and environmental landscape. A modern civilized city always needs harmonious alignment in the planning of these elements. In many urban areas in Vietnam, the interaction between architectural landscapes, urban environments, and urban beauties was not really taken seriously. It is obvious that the weaknesses in management are directly affecting the urban beauty. The overall picture of the city was not beautiful due to the absence of a head of the urban management. Discussing some solutions to improve the face of urban in Vietnam, it is necessary to clearly define the important role of the urban management levels; enhance the role of architects, artists, designers; build a civilized lifestyle, educate the sense of self-awareness and proper behavior of each urban resident.
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Lukash, A., and A. Panfilov. "SELFIE-ARCHITECTURE OF TYUMEN." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no. 7 (July 10, 2021): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-7-62-72.
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Architecture is an integral part human life. It influences the psyche and health of people, causing certain associations. Architectural objects are often captured through the lens of cameras. Selfie culture has become a powerful tool for promoting new meanings and designing modern public spaces. The need for selfie backgrounds is increasing. This encourages artists and architects to create interesting solutions for urban space. There are examples of urban street art in many cities around the world and in Russia. In Tyumen, there are memorable objects for visitors and its residents, which in turn are urban landmarks and are responsible for the strategic and economic development of the city. They are recognizable, stand out against the background of a monotonous environment and help to navigate the urban landscape. As a result of conducted research, the nformation is obtained on the most popular places for photos in the city of Tyumen. Territories can be divided into the following categories: environment, object and background. An architectural structure that meets all the criteria and is a key symbol of the city is selected from the objects considered. The selfie architecture of Tyumen is an integral part of the culture of today. However, at the moment in Tyumen there are no popular truly utilitarian spaces intended only for photos as it happens in other cities.
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Казакова, Светлана, and Svetlana Kazakova. "The architecture sphere: The tourism attraction issues." Services in Russia and abroad 8, no. 6 (December 2, 2014): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6683.
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The article is devoted to the architectural sphere development key idea as one of the main tourist interest components. The article tells us that today it is increasing the importance of the visual urban environment perception and impressions, tourist social experience forming. These conditions provoke a significant meaning of architecture as an attractor. Modern requirements dictate the introduction of modern marketing management mechanism architectural forms need, including their optimal using in the tourism industry. It contents a lot of world and domestic practice examples. It mentions a special interest to the architectural forms creation processes and modification on the purposes of it integration in tourism. These processes could be realized through the urban environment museumification, remake-building constructing, the unrealized architectural projects implementation, architectural reset", as well as through the design of new attractions.
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Anke van Hal, Ir. "Architecture and Urban Space." Solar Energy 51, no. 3 (September 1993): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(93)90103-u.
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Andisiri, La Ode Abdul Rachmad Sabdin, Arman Faslih, and Muhammad Zakaria Umar. "DIALEKTIKA ARSITEKTUR DAN PERUBAHAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT PASCA URBANISASI." Vitruvian 9, no. 1 (November 13, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2019.v9i1.001.
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ABSTRAKParadigma ber-arsitektur erat kaitannya dengan perilaku masyarakat sehingga arsitektur dapat digunakan untuk membentuk perilaku manusia melalui rekayasa lingkungan maupun bangunan.. Masuknya arsitektur moderen di Indonesia berakibat pada perubahan perilaku masyarakat tradisional khususnya di wilayah urban olehnya, penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mendokumentasikan faktor - faktor yang menyebabkan peruban perilaku masyarakat pra urban (masyarakat tradisional) pasca urbanisasi di Kota Kendari dalam perspektif kearsitektural, lingkungan dan paradigma filsafat, (2) merumuskan langkah dan tindakan kearsitektural dalam upaya merestorasi nilai - nilai kebudayaan terhadap masyarakat urban. Penelitian ini diselenggarakan di kota Kendari dan berlandaskan pada paradigma post-positivisme yakni metode fenomenologi pendekatan kualitatif dimana aspek – aspek yang dianalisis pedagogi, lingkungan dan perilaku, serta budaya masyarakat kota Kendari dan Sulawesi Tenggara pada umumya sebagai landasan determinisme arsitektur. Penelitian ini menemukan dua temuan yakni (1) uraian deskriptif paradigma filsafat terhadap pendidikan dan konsepsi arsitek dan user mengenai arsitektur yang mengakibatkan perubahan perilaku masyarakat urban, (2) rumusan model kawasan kantong pedestrian dengan fasilitas terpadu berbasis lingkungan dan kearifan lokal sebagai determinisme arsitektur dalam merestorasi nilai – nilai budaya pada masyarakat urban.Kata Kunci: Dialektika, Arsitektur, Perilaku, Urban ABSTRACTThe architectural paradigm is closely related to community behavior so that architecture can be used to shape human behavior through environmental and building engineering. The inclusion of modern architecture in Indonesia results in changes in the behavior of traditional communities, especially in urban areas by him. The objetives of this research are (1) to document the factors that cause the behavior of pre-urban (traditional) community behavior after urbanization in Kendari City in the perspective of architecture, environment and philosophical paradigm, (2) formulating architectural steps and actions in an effort to restore cultural values towards urban society. This research was held in the city of Kendari and based on the post-positivism paradigm, a qualitative approach phenomenology method in which aspects analyzed by pedagogy, environment and behavior, as well as the culture of Kendari and Southeast Sulawesi in general as the basis of architectural determinism. This study found two findings, namely (1) descriptive description of the philosophical paradigm of education and architect and user conception of architecture that resulted in changes in urban behavior, (2) formulation of a model of pedestrian enclave with integrated facilities based on the environment and local wisdom as architectural determinism in restoring cultural values in urban society.Keywords: Dialectics, Architecture, Behavior, Urban
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Urenev, V., and D. Bakhtin. "CREATION PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE PUBLIC ARCHITECTURE BUILDING ON THE WORLD PRACTICE EXAMPLE." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-8-18.
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In the last decade, including in relation to architecture, it is widely used the concept of "sustainability". This term correlates with the Sustainable Concep development), adopted by the UN as a strategic direction since the 1980s. The UN Commission on Environment and Development "Our Common Future" is sustainable development is defined as the way in which ―the needs of the present generation are met without limiting the ability of the next generation to meet its needs. " In the article, the authors consider the concept of sustainable architecture, which has been developing in recent years and offers solutions to urban planning and architecture through sustainable development in the field of construction and architecture. Technical opportunities for the development of architecture of the XXI century. are impressive in scale. At the same time, more and more architects have to take into account the significant impact that their projects have on the development of urban and natural environments. Urban architecture is still going by creating high-rise projects and compacting urban development. Modern metropolitan cities, being held hostage to the past path of their development and still little changed approaches to them buildings are gradually becoming a multi-factor problem, threatening the peace and security of residents. One of the ways to solve this problem is the concept of sustainable architecture that has emerged in the last decade. Its use by experts proves thatArchitecture of the XXI century. not only can maximize comfort and safety space for people, but also able to change the appearance of cities and improve their true state. Sustainable architecture allows you to create projects that meet the needs of people and at the same time, they not only take care of the conservation of natural resources, but also improve their condition environment. Well-known British architect N. Foster metaphorically defines the stand architecture as "a way to reach the maximum with minimal means". In the context of these processes, it must be acknowledged that architects can have a significant impact on restoration ecological balance and ensuring a high quality of life for people, creating architectural an environment that satisfies human needs while preserving or even improving the state of nature. Such an architectural environment is sustainable. It should be noted at the outset that the term in the scientific literature is clearly defined missing. This article aims to clarify the definition of sustainable architecture and to specify its basic principles in the analysis of both theoretical works and existing architectural solutions. Because sustainable architecture focuses primarily on technology characteristics of objects, their aesthetic expressiveness and style qualities become certain a problem that is not addressed in this text but is clearly understood by the authors. The term "sustainable architecture" has become widespread, leading to some leveling its value. The absence of clear boundaries in the definition may make it possible to overlook a sustainable architecture that in reality is only indirectly related to resilience. Not only consumers and users can be misled by this definition architectural objects, but investors and participants in the construction process. Along with the term "sustainable architecture" is often used by such concepts as "green architecture", "eco-sustainable construction", "ecological architecture", "low-cost architecture", "high technology architecture", "bioclimatic architecture", "Energy efficient and smart construction". All of these concepts are related in various ways to the technology of construction and operation of buildings, which aims to reduce consumption energy and material resources while maintaining or improving quality buildings and the comfort of their indoor environment. However, not all of them indicate qualitative, generic features of architecture as an aesthetic kind of project activity. The authors show the evolution in the field of construction from energy efficient architecture - to green architecture and further to sustainable architecture. Refine definitions of sustainable architecture, explore principles and criteria for evaluating sustainable architecture of public buildings and structures. The main purpose of the article is to find out the essence of the concept of sustainable architecture, its necessity and perspective in modern urban planning. To accomplish this, some problems need to be solved. Expand the concept of sustainable architecture, explore the principles and criteria for evaluating sustainable architecture, analyze the world experience of creating sustainable architecture in concrete examples, and show the prospects for the development and implementation of the concept of sustainable architecture in the world and in Ukraine. Sustainable architecture is a must for the functional (utility), technical (durability) and aesthetic (beauty) properties. The article provides examples of world-class sustainable architecture projects that create sustainable architectural environments and clearly demonstrate their superiority over traditional objects. The concept of sustainable architecture is very relevant for Ukraine.
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SUBBOTIN, Oleg S. "TRADITIONAL LIVING ENVIRONMENT OF KUBAN SETTLEMENTS." Urban construction and architecture 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2019.02.17.
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The main objective of the presented scientific research is to identify the patterns of historical continuity of the development of the settlements of Kuban. The object of the study are urban and rural settlements. The subject of research is the functional and aesthetic principles of the formation of the living environment of residential areas of populated areas in the designated period. The choice of the object and subject is due to the current problematic situation for the preservation and development of the historical centers of the Kuban settlements, due to the high degree of urbanization of these centers, which sometimes leads to the absence of functional logical connectivity and accompanying environmental degradation. The main tasks are the systematization and study of historical materials on the architectural organization of settlements, namely the processes of their origin, formation and development in chronological order with reference to modern socio-economic conditions. The fundamental role is played by the study of historical and cultural values of objects of architecture and urban planning and the potential of their possible use in the formation of habitat. Especially important in this case is the definition of town planning, architectural planning and architectural-artistic features of the spatial organization of the living environment. This is a peculiar vector of further development and improvement of this environment, as an integral functional aesthetic system, contributing to the improvement of living standards, as well as economic, social and environmental safety of the population. The research method includes the study of archival documents, scientific literature on the history of the Kuban, the history of architecture and urban planning; field studies and fixation of monuments of historical and cultural heritage of these settlements. The study used a comparative historical method of cognition - a scientific method that reveals, by comparing the general and the particular in the development of settlements of the Kuban in a certain time period, and formal logical research methods - methods of classification, generalization and typology, inductive and deductive research methods, making it possible to identify differences and identify identical in the history of the development of architectural and urban culture of the settlements under consideration. The study made it possible to conclude that the tradition bears, above all, the character of historical continuity - the preservation, dissemination and development of the national culture, education of respect for the architectural and town planning heritage.
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Shi, Yuan, Chao Ren, Yingsheng Zheng, and Edward Ng. "Mapping the urban microclimatic spatial distribution in a sub-tropical high-density urban environment." Architectural Science Review 59, no. 5 (November 7, 2015): 370–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2015.1105195.
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Glatolenkova, Ekaterina. "Architecture of residential environment in the settlements along the Chinese Eastern Railway." Урбанистика, no. 1 (January 2020): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2020.1.32316.
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This article examines the peculiarities of formation of residential areas along the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER); analyzes the pattern of settlements; and examines the architectural nuances of residential buildings. The object of this research is the architectural urban development peculiarities of Russian railroad stations on the territory of Northern Manchuria. The subject of this research is the residential environment in the settlements along the Chinese Eastern Railway. The chronological framework covers the first three decades of the XX century: beginning of construction and first years of exploitation of the railway, characterized by active urban development process and creation of full-fledged environment for accommodation of construction workers, railway workers, migrants from Russia, Southern Manchuria and mainland China. The theoretical foundation for this study consists in the systemic-axiological approach, according to which the culture defines the system of materialistic and spiritual values passed from one generation to another, and allows determining the value grounds of cultural interaction and its panhuman significance. The work explores the peculiarities of architecture and urban development in the settlements along CER. Study is carried out on the construction process of the railway and living conditions of first workers, approaches towards design of the stations of the main line and the southern branch, as well as architecture of residential building of the settlements. The author considers the impact of Russian environment upon the existing Chinese cities, and the use of the traditional Chinese approaches in the projects by the Russian engineers and architects.
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Liu, Xiao Ping. "The Urban Design Logic and its Application in Architectural Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 2278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.2278.
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This paper expounds the urban design logic in architectural design, introduced the related analytic methods of urban design. In the end the author's introduced the practice cases which the analytic methods were applied in architecture creation. These cases show how the analytic methods are used to deal with architectural design problems, so that the building design and urban environment is harmonious and creative. These methods also make urban building generation and evaluation more rational, more scientific.
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Zhen, Meng, Dian Zhou, Guangmeng Bian, Yang Yang, and Ying Liu. "Wind environment of urban residential blocks: a research review." Architectural Science Review 62, no. 1 (October 4, 2018): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2018.1528967.
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Zhao, Ji Long, Chang An Liu, and Yu Kun Zhang. "Urban Agriculture as Low-Carbon Strategy for Cities." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 6925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6925.
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Integrating agriculture into urban environment and architectural space, which connects with production, life and ecological systems, will be an integrative strategy for low-carbon city and architecture. This acts as an alternative and even better which amends some missing links of the existing low-carbon strategy. This essay analyzes the necessity and possibility of developing urban agriculture for low-carbon cities and explores low-carbon architectural project, so as to discuss further in the possibility of integrating urban agriculture into cities and buildings.
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Saveliev, Matvei V., Mikhail D. Roman, and Nikolay V. Bondar. "THE PRINCIPLES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF URBAN WATERFRONTS AS COMFORTABLE PUBLIC RECREATIONAL ENVIRONMENT." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 40 (2020): 108–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/40/9.
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The authors address the problem of development of urban waterfront territories. Therefore the focus is on the basic principles of the organization of public recreational areas. The relevance of the interest is generally stipulated by the following reasons. Firstly, due to the analysis of the domestic and overseas waterfront design experience it seems reasonable to point out that the quality of urban living depends directly on the viability of open public spaces. The waterfront area proves to be a major element of urban tissue that can be related as the city image. Secondly, it can be reasonable to outline a range of issues that are extremely important for many cities in Russia such as the lack of land improvement, comfortable living environment and architectural-aesthetic identity in terms of the image of waterfront areas. The article aims to reveal basic principles of spatial organization of urban waterfront areas. The study is carried out on the material of the domestic and overseas experience in design solu-tions and existing public recreational areas. This implies the analysis and comparison of the following cases: waterfront revival in great cities and suburban towns within Russia as well as overseas experi-ence on regeneration of abandoned waterfront areas. Furthermore, there is the description of the main methods, principles, prospective directions in design management and architectural-aesthetic features of each considering design solution. The methodological basis of the research incorporates architectur-al, art, historical and cultural approaches. In terms of key results of the research we consider highlighting such principles of the organiza-tion of urban waterfronts as multilayer communication structure which are the priority for pedestrian circulation and multilevel waterfront environment; the ability to access water bodies, the addition of focal points, viable and barrier-free environment. Moreover, one of the most important factors is the concentration of urban recreational areas with diverse multifunctional zones that can be used both in summer and winter seasons. The preservation of ecological framework and maintenance of biodiversi-ty, the reliance on water protection zones as well as the appliance of eco-materials are also considered to be a range of inalienable measures in urban waterfront design. Waterfronts cannot be designed sepa-rately from adjacent urban bodies that, for example, can represent historical value. Architectural-aesthetic image of urban waterfronts should meet the modern tendencies in architecture, urban plan-ning and design or emphasize historical identity of urban development. The overall statements are supported by the analysis of the following design solutions: the embankment of Zaryadye Park in Moscow; the design of the waterfront regeneration in Divnogorsk in Krasnoyarsk region; the design of Riga waterfront in Latvia, the design of Seine quayside reinvention in Paris; the East River waterfront in New York; the waterfront arear HafenCity in Hamburg. Overall, due to the results of our research the organization of urban waterfronts incorporates a variety of crucial factors (in terms of architecture, urban planning and design, imageability, ecology, economy etc) which add the complexity to the designing process. Nevertheless, the implementation of the basic principles of design provides waterfronts with the high level of diversity and comfort for cities’ inhabitants.
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Mandour, M. Alaa. "The Urban Merge “Future Urban Place”." Open House International 32, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2007-b0005.
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Within the last decade the media's full potential has been its use as a tool for conception and production of new architecture. What is this new architecture? Is it is really new or it is just a term to describe a transitory fashion development similar to the short lived post-modern flirtations of the 80th? A quick view at some of the buildings being constructed today does certainly suggest that there is a totally different approach to the production and the resultant form of architecture. Traditional methods of architecture conception are being replaced by digital media; a revolt, that many argue, has far-reaching inference in how the architectural entity is presented, recognized and practiced. More prominently, it proposes new formal possibilities absurd a decade ago. Architects working within this digital realm utilize CAD/Cam systems, CNC milling systems and software programs such as Maya, Form Z, and CATIA. Terms such as beauty, scale and proportion, used to describe the formal character of the pre-digital vernacular are being replaced by adjectives such as smooth, supple, and morphed, derived from the digital practice. The built result of such experiments are obvious the world over, whether it is Gehry's Philadelphia Music Hall, or Itto's new opera in Thailand, among others. The work of these architects was, a decade ago, confined to the virtual space of the computer, only seen in architectural magazines, viewed as a radical approach to architecture. However, the digital revolution has allowed for this vision to be transformed into reality. The use of digital tools both as a presentation tool and form generating device is unquestioned, a given, and will in the future consider any other traditional systems. Spaces have gone from being a physical to virtual of a gigantic digital network of networks, which shapes our collective future. The way and pace at which we connect, communicate, memorize, imagine and control the flows of valuable information have changed forever. The paper also will introduce a new concept of virtual urban spaces and interaction between it and the physical urban environments.
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ANTYUFEEVA, Olga A. "MUSEUM AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEXES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE CITY AS A NEW TREND OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT." Urban construction and architecture 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2019.02.6.
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The development of museum and archaeological complexes as public spaces of modern megacities is a new trend of urban development. Beginning the second half of the 20th century, the museum architecture experienced a great transformation. Increasing the level of openness, both to society and to urban space, predetermined the formation of a new scenario for museum activities and a new planning structure. Deep penetration into the environment, a high level of interactivity of modern museums have contributed to the creation of new urban structures - museum neighborhoods and other spatial museum entities. The current trend in the development of modern museums is the increase in the number of so-called environmental museums created on the basis of museum specific monuments, which are the most visited among the total number of museums. These cultural complexes, representing the urban artistic environment, have become part of the public center of the city and set new goals for architectural and town planning development. From the architecture of the museum temple to the new look of the “museum as a city” - such is the transformation of modern museum architecture. The paper analyzes various examples of new forms of exhibiting objects of the archaeological heritage in an urban environment as part of public spaces.
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Smolina, O. O. "TREE SHAPING IN VISUAL COMMUNICATION OF URBAN ARCHITECTURE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-1-53-62.
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The aim of this work is to identify the existing design objects of tree shaping representing visual communication of the city and a feasibility of its use in the urban environment. Research findings: The current problems of cities include degradation of green spaces, low level of environmental improvement and landscape organization and insufficient visual communication elements that contribute to the creation of appropriate urban environment. To reduce the negative factors of the anthropogenic environment, tree shaping is proposed to improve the urban architecture and development. Tree shaping is hardy-shrub species resistant (adaptive) to the humane correction; their trunks and branches represent architectural forms. Depending on the arrangement, tree shaping can be attributed to the elements of open and closed spaces of different functional purposes. This paper discusses tree shaping as visual communication elements of the city, such as street advertising and information boards, advertising towers, banners, environmental guidelines, etc. Tree shaping can be attributed to wellestablished scientific tradition in western countries, but in Russia it is still underdeveloped. Approach: Comparative analysis of tree shaping design solutions. Practical implications: Tree shaping as the urban visual communication contributes to the creation of eco-friendly, aesthetical and informative environment of the city. The obtained results can be used in research works devoted to tree shaping. Originality/value: This research proposes the use of tree shaping objects as visual communication of the city.
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Fahmy, Ahmed, Amal Abdou, and Mahmoud Ghoneem. "Regenerative Architecture as a Paradigm for Enhancing the Urban Environment." Port-Said Engineering Research Journal 23, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/pserj.2019.49554.
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Lima, Vânia Mara Alves, Cibele Araújo Camargo Marques dos Santos, and Artur Simões Rozestraten. "The ARQUIGRAFIA project: A Web Collaborative Environment for Architecture and Urban Heritage Image." Journal of Data and Information Science 5, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2020-0005.
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AbstractPurposeThis paper presents the ARQUIGRAFIA project, an open, public and nonprofit, continuous growth web collaborative environment dedicated to Brazilian architectural photographic images.Design/methodology/approachThe ARQUIGRAFIA project promotes the active and collaborative participation among its institutional users (GLAMs, NGOs, laboratories and research groups) and private users (students, professionals, professors, researchers), both can create an account and share their digitized iconographic collections in the same Web environment by uploading their files, indexing, georeferencing and assigning a Creative Commons license.FindingsThe development of users interactions by means of semantic differentials impressions recording on visible plastic-spatial aspects of the architectures in synthetic infographics, as well as by the retrieval of images through an advanced system search based on those impressions parameters. By gamification means, the system often invites users to review images’ in order to improve images’ data accuracy. The pilot project named Open Air Museum that allows users to add audio descriptions to images in situ. An interface for users’ digital curatorship will be soon available.Research limitationsThe ARQUIGRAFIA’s multidisciplinary team gathering professors-researchers, graduate and undergraduate students from the Architecture and Urbanism, Design, Information Science, Computer Science faculties of the University of São Paulo, demands continuous financial resources for grants, for contracting third party services, for the participation in scientific events in Brazil and abroad, and for equipment. Since 2016, significant budget cuts in the University of São Paulo own research funds and in Brazilian federal scientific agencies can compromise the continuity of this project.Practical implicationsThe open source template called +GRAFIA that can freely help other areas of knowledge to build their own visual Web collaborative environments.Originality/valueThe collaborative nature of the ARQUIGRAFIA distinguishes it from institutional image databases on the internet, precisely because it involves a heterogeneous network of collaborators.
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Dudka, O. "THE LATEST TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF MODERN PUBLIC CENTERS IN A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 159 (November 27, 2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-78-84.
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The article reveals the latest trends in the modern development of the architecture of public centers in large cities, innovative methods of formation in the urban environment, defines their specificity and requirements, analyzes the features, patterns and modern design solutions in conditions of sustainable development. The relevance of this study is associated with the need for new systemic approaches in the formation of multifunctional facilities, taking into account modern urban planning concepts, which allow the formation of new types of public entities and become an important structural element of the urban environment. Turning to foreign experience in organizing multifunctional public centers, one can find that the main components of the architectural formation are their urban planning and the spatial organization of a favorable architectural environment. It is important to note this aspect: for the formation of large public centers in conditions of sustainable development, the following main trends are characteristic: the formation of a developed spatial organization - an architectural and compositional formation. Also a bright architectural and artistic image - a dominant in the urban environment, integration into the natural landscape - ecological direction of sustainable development, effective functional zoning, well-developed engineering infrastructure and communications. Thus, it has been determined that a multifunctional public center in the structure of a large city is a specific type of architectural object, which is formed into a single complex of spatial and planning elements that organize the core of the social and business life of this city.
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Khalid, Asma. "Passive Design, Urban-Rural Architectural Morphology for Subtropics." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p376.
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Built environment is a function of man-made setting, surroundings, conditions which is the center of human activity in architectural places. The integration of nature into the built environment determines the urban or the rural form of settlements. The present research aims to specify architectural morphology of sub-tropical region through a case analysis of the situation in Pakistan. The field study analyses the existing housing stock in Pakistan, in urban settings and as a result of vernacular traditions in the villages. The paper identifies the regional characteristic behaviour of highland, lowland, coastal and arid region. It gives an overview of the current urban housing situation in Pakistan. It discusses the type of housing unit, the occupant behaviour, lifestyle of the people, It also identifies the pattern of energy used within the residential buildings of Pakistan. The architectural planning in urban and rural regions, their long term passive design techniques to cope with the climate challenges of a particular area have been discussed in detail. The paper recommend some contextual and adapted passive features of vernacular architecture in urban houses.
Keywords: Architectural-morphology, Urban, Housing, Vernacular, Passive Design, Built Environment
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Ivanov, A. "ARMENIAN CITY OF GYUMRI AS A PHENOMENON OF LIVING VERNACULAR URBAN ENVIRONMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-167-2020.
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Abstract. Architectural and environmental peculiarities of Gyumri (former Alexandropol, Leninakan) located in the Republic of Armenia lie in the vernacular: a significant layer of historic “architecture without architects” (Bernard Rudofsky) built by local skilled stonemasons from the local material called black tuff. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Gyumri was the largest city in Eastern Armenia (Armenia within the borders of the Russian Empire) and its economic and cultural centre. The historic part of the city is a regular grid filled with one- or two-storey stone vernacular buildings (under the unwritten principle “freedom within the grid”). Until now, despite the devastating earthquakes of 1926 and 1988, it remains practically authentic and serves as a living multifunctional city core. This article introduces new theoretical concepts of the living vernacular city and the vernacular ensemble, developed by the author, and examines the peculiarities of vernacular architecture emergence at different stages of urban formation. The author also investigates the phenomenon of the almost incessant vernacular development of the city, which took place not only during the city’s heyday, but also in the Soviet times when private architectural activity was officially forbidden, and today when we see the revival of spontaneous vernacular construction – in excessively decorated forms, but with the same traditional methods and the masters’ love for their works. Methods of detailed visual analysis of the built environment and in-depth interviewing of vernacular actors were used in the preparation of the study.
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Lukina, Irina, Angelina Selivanova, and B. Temirsultanova. "THE ROLE OF LANDSCAPE COMPONENT IN THE CREATION OF «HUMAN SCALE» URBAN ENVIRONMENT." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 8, no. 1 (October 26, 2020): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2020-8-1-284-288.
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Excessive increase in the size of the main urban development objects on the one hand, and the creation of abstract volumes of the urban environment that do not have any familiar details comparable to the size of a person on the other hand, creates an architecture completely divorced from people and hostile to them. Therefore, there was a need to justify the use of landscape components to create a medium-scale human environment. The natural environment is that component of the spatial planning structure of the city, which, if properly placed, will absorb the negative psychological effect of the perception of huge undifferentiated abstract arrays of buildings in a re-compacted urban environment. The main criterion for the psychological comfort of a city dweller is the visual contact of a person in the house with the street, the ability to see the details and, most importantly, understand what they are in relation to the person. Along with small architectural forms, such elements will be trees, shrubs, benches, information boards, which have constant and understandable ergonomic dimensions. This is what is always referred to in the term anthropocentrism in architecture. The article proposes to clarify the concept of “human scale” on the basis of a systematic understanding of scale in architecture, and then this category of scale is considered not as a compositional means of aesthetic expressiveness of the urban environment, but as a factor in biological safety and physical survival of a person in conditions of total urbanization.
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Szuba, Bogusław. "Multi-criteria evaluation of beauty in architecture." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 11, no. 3 (2019): 369–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1903369s.
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The article deals with the problems of beauty in architecture found in various layers of meaning related to: (*) the creative idea of the planned investment; (*) the ability to determine the right place for the planned investment, harmonising architecture in the space of the location with special consideration of the natural environment; (*) communication and information with the environment; (*) respect for tradition and custom cultivated in the local socio-cultural environment, paying attention to the historical continuity and coherence of the architectural forms used; (*) creativity of shaping space; (*) precision and innovation of the functional and used spatial solutions; (*) partnership relationship with the neighbourhood; (*) broadly understood of participation in the investment process; (*) giving meanings triggering the philosophical message and transcendence; (*) proper use and management; (*) achieving social and cultural goals; (*) ability of planning the transformation / revitalising existing architectural objects. The research method is the analysis of listed components based on literature sources and examples of architectural objects or urban complexes. The considerations lead to the thesis: Beauty in architecture is a state of harmony of aesthetic and utilitarian values of the shaped space in the relations of a creative response to broadly understood conditions of the local, natural, socio-cultural and built environment.
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Zhang, Chang Rui, Chun Mei Zhao, Yong Tian, and Long He. "Ecological Effect of Water Cyclic Utilization in Green Architecture." Advanced Materials Research 689 (May 2013): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.198.
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Green architecture, a termed entitled to the architectures which dedicate great importance to the environment, is one of the characteristics of the sustainable design in which environmental sustainability is more important [1]. In the modern notion of architecture and programming, rain water is usually treated as “castoff”, or as eternal energy splurged by us. Some irrational design produces a lot of unsinkable ditches and culverts crossed underground, which leads to drainage and wastage of the water in the earth. Extensive artificial lawn accelerates the water evaporation of the earth. Large amount of unsinkable reinforced tough paving layer in cities disturbs the ecological balance of the earth, etc.. All these above give more grave non-ecological factors to the concrete jungle. When talking about the recycle and reuse of water in city, we should thinking about promoting the life system balance in ecosphere, which is the theme of this thesis. This thesis tries to give a systematic and in-depth discussion on architectural water recycle design by collecting materials, to give an ecological recycle design of preserving, saving and purifying water on the aspect of architecture and environment. Through the analysis on infiltration, storage and reuse of rain water in cities of different countries and regions, this thesis tries to expatiate the contribution of rain water collection and evaporation to the urban ecology, and proposes ecological way of water use considering regional climate to achieve the aim of eternal water use in urban ecological system.
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Elrawy, Sara, and Doaa Abouelmagd. "Architectural and Urban Education in Egypt in the Post Covid-19 Pandemic." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n2p91.
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Quality of education is a global Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) to be achieved by the united nations by 2030. The covid-19 pandemic resulted in a significant problem in education worldwide and Egypt with problems related to the shift to distance learning and accessibility to technology and facilities supporting this shift. This paper aims to contribute to the currently ongoing research that asses the changes in architecture and urban education due to the Coronavirus pandemic, including the shift to distance learning in the practical courses that initially need studio work. The state of distance education via the Internet is difficult for architectural teaching curricula. Most studio environment courses require in-class follow-up. In developing countries like Egypt, not all architecture schools are equipped to move to e-learning, and most have not dealt with this before. This paper assesses student satisfaction and analyzes the entire process of distance learning in practical architectural courses during the coronavirus pandemic in Egypt. the research applies a quantitative and qualitative approach. A questionnaire was designed and distributed; 304 students from 17 Egyptian schools of architecture responded. A survey and series of interviews were completed among twelve schools of architecture in Egypt to analyze their responses during the crises and study the shift to e-learning in teaching the practical courses. The paper shows that the psychological effect and working solo from home have affected the students the most. There is a need to solve the internet problems, train the staff and the students to use the online tools for virtual classes, and provide a stable e-learning platform. The future of the traditional studio environment is under questioning. This study responds to the urgent need to evaluate the effect of Covid-19 on architecture education and to question the studio environment in the future to achieve a sustainable higher education in schools of architecture in Egypt.
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Tesler, Nadezhda. "Evolution of medical architecture." MATEC Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817003015.
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This article deals with the history of medical architecture development in Russia and abroad. Numerous examples of buildings of healthcare facilities, from ancient times to the present day, are given. Buildings of hospitals and clinics were erected in the architectural traditions then prevailing. Features of healthcare facilities, which determine their architectural concept, are: type and purpose of the healthcare facility, scope and structure of medical services, location in the urban environment, architectural environment, etc. When designing the construction and reconstruction of hospitals and outpatient clinics, parameters of wards, doctor’s offices, procedure and administrative premises shall be taken into account. Special attention shall be paid to requirements to surgical theaters, intensive care units and other facilities with sophisticated equipment and numerous utilities.
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Priyadarsini, R., and N. H. Wong. "Building Surfaces and their Effect on the Urban Thermal Environment." Architectural Science Review 48, no. 4 (December 2005): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3763/asre.2005.4842.
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Wang, Binfang, and Ching Eng Png. "Solar irradiance simulation for evaluating thermal comfort in urban environment." Architectural Science Review 62, no. 1 (October 23, 2018): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2018.1535421.
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