Journal articles on the topic 'Architecture and science – history'
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1
Benkari, Naima. "THE FORMATION AND INFLUENCE OF THE MILITARY ARCHITECTURE IN OMAN DURING AL-YA'ARIBA PERIOD (1034-1162 AH/1624–1749 AD)." Journal of Islamic Architecture 6, no. 4 (December 26, 2021): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jia.v6i4.12104.
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Despite its richness, the research corpus published about Islamic architecture presents some discontinuities in the knowledge of the architecture in the lands ruled by Muslims. Similarly, the dynamics of influence that might have operated between the "monumental" architecture in these lands and their popular architectures are insufficiently addressed. Moreover, the material culture related to the Islamic civilization is almost exclusively studied as a product that has stopped evolving. The architecture produced during Al-Ya'ariba (Al- Ya'rubi) Imamate (1624-1749) is an instance of these understudied topics in the history of Islamic architecture. This research argues that Al-Ya'rubi Imamate is not only an important chapter in the history of Oman, the Arabian Peninsula, Indian Ocean, and Eastern Africa, but also the architecture of this period has created the identity of Omani architecture as we know it today. Nonetheless, there is no architectural production in this era both in the major references and scientific publications of Islamic architecture in the 17th and 18th centuries. Through field research, comparative analysis, and literature review of the history of Omani architecture, especially in the 17th -18th centuries, this research examines the military architecture in Oman during Al-Ya'ariba Imamate including its reference, and its influence on other architectures. It is a contribution to the scientific endeavour to address this specific architectural typology from the perspective of its mechanism of (trans) formation and its continuity of forms until the contemporary architecture of Oman.
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Asak, Ilayda. "A study on graduate level education in architecture: Case of Turkey." Global Journal of Arts Education 6, no. 3 (May 31, 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjae.v6i3.1702.
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Today, there are 41 universities offering graduate education programs in architecture. Those programs cover a number of different topics including architectural conservation and restoration, architectural restoration, architectural design, informatics in architectural design, architectural planning and design, architecture history, architectural history and theory, architecture and built environment, digital design in architecture and production. The council of higher education presents that 2978 master theses submitted and approved by Council of higher education. In this study, the master theses submitted to the graduate programs have been investigated. Matrix has been developed regarding o the sex, language, topics, universities. The types of graduate school are natural science and social science. The results of the study show that the number of female students is higher than the male students. The number of theses in Turkish is increasing. The increasing number of theses investigating build technology builds physics and building and construction and computational design is of importance. It is possible to determine that the current and popular topics of Turkish graduate programs in Architecture are in parallel with the prevailing agenda of World architecture.
Key Words: theses in architecture, graduate level education, architectural education.
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Al-Sadkhan, Areage Karim, and Alaa Abdul-Razaq Karim. "THE EFFECT OF CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE PHILOSOPHY ON ARCHITECTURE." Journal of Engineering 12, no. 04 (December 1, 2006): 86–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2006.04.02.
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The research tries to investigate the effects of Contemporary Science Philosophy on Architecture. The research depends on contemporary Science Philosophy of K.Popper and T.Kuhn. The procedures of the research contain the construction of comprehensive theoretical framework that includes the influence of contemporary of Philosophy of Science on Architecture in the following level which contains the general thought position, which includes (The position of Psychological Theory, knowledge Theory, the society, the history and the position of Architecture views). The conclusions of the research focus on the theoretical framework that depends on the previous views of K.Popper and T.Kuhn which reflected on Architectural views.
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Hejazi, Mehrdad, Bina Hejazi, and Saba Hejazi. "EVOLUTION OF PERSIAN TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE HISTORY." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 39, no. 3 (September 29, 2015): 188–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2015.1088415.
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The architecture of Iran is wholly based on the comprehensive use of knowledge of both metaphysical and physical sciences. Architecture and structural engineering in Iran involve a great range of buildings distributed over a vast area from the borders of China to the Mediterranean coastlines. Certain design elements, developed by Iranian architecture and aesthetics, persisted for thousands of years and exerted a marked effect on other successive styles of construction throughout the world. Architecture in Iran solved complicated structural problems and created magnificent architectural masterpieces. In this paper, the evolution of Persian traditional architecture is discussed and a general overview of the paramount virtues of the traditional architecture and historical buildings of Iran with emphasis on structural and scientific features will be presented.
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Komarova, I. I., and A. L. Tretyakov. "Topical issues of dissertations’ references on architecture as an information resource to support research in architectural science." Bibliosphere, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2017-3-85-90.
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Studying the architectural science bibliography has shown that during 150 years of its history few indices have been created, and recent decades almost all architectural bibliography has not gone beyond the framework of the nation-wide index «Chronicles of Book Chamber». This article examines the fundamental nature of bibliographic science for purposes of architectural research. The article objective is determining ways of architectural bibliography development and generating a unified database of architectural knowledge in the context of contemporary socio-economic and socio-cultural realities. It considers defended dissertations on specialty «Architecture»; describes information resources containing in their thesis structure on the subject area. Attention is focused on the distribution of defended dissertations by years, cities and thematic nests. The paper has revealed thesis devoted to the theory and history of foreign architecture. It emphasizes the need of further large-scale research with an analysis of the entire spectrum of human knowledge, which includes dissertations related to architectural science. The authors conclude: 1. There is no complete systematically presented unified catalog of dissertations on architecture, including resources of the Russian Book Chamber. 2. It is necessary to create such resource, which would satisfy the information needs of different groups of users.
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Larson, Julia Diane. "Design and Social Change: An Architectural History of the University of California, Santa Barbara." American Archivist 84, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081-84.2.240.
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ABSTRACT The University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), campus as it stands today appears as an architectural mash-up of midcentury modern institutional buildings, both low rise and high rise; a smattering of World War II–era wooden buildings; 1970s-style double wide trailers; and new science buildings built by a who's who of internationally famous architects. In this case study, the author shows how the UCSB campus's architectural history mirrors the post–World War II boom in educational facilities throughout California and the social, cultural, and architectural history of the region as a whole. The key to discovering this history is archival research, both at the University Archives at the UCSB Library, as well as at the architecture-specific Architecture and Design Collection at the Art, Design & Architecture Museum on campus. In this case study, the author explains how the architectural history can be traced through the archival records to more fully understand the history of the campus.
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Oznobishcheva, G. "Towards New Architecture of European Security." World Economy and International Relations, no. 11 (2010): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2010-11-3-20.
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On April 21st, 2010, the session of the Academic Council of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, took place, where the keynote report "Towards New Architecture of European Security" was presented by N.K. Arbatova, Dr. Sci. (Political Science), Head of Department for European Political Studies at IMEMO. The session was run by N.I. Ivanova, Corresponding Member of RAS, Deputy Director of IMEMO. The IMEMO employees – A.G. Arbatov, Corresponding Member of RAS, V.G. Baranovskii, Corresponding Member of RAS, K.V. Voronov, Cand. Sci. (History), V.K.Zaitsev, Dr. Sci. (Economics), N.I. Kalinina, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), S.P. Peregudov, Dr. Sci. (History), А.А. Pikaev, Cand. Sci. (Political Science), as well as PIR Center employees – K.V. Smertina, V.A. Yaroshenko – participated in discussion of the report. The keynote report and the discussion succeded are introduced for readers' consideration.
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Remizova, Olena. "ARCHITECTURAL MEMORY AND FORMS OF ITS EXISTENCE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 44, no. 2 (September 14, 2020): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2020.13053.
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The article attempts to highlight the traces of memory in the theory, history and practice of architecture. The subject of research is the existing forms of memory in architecture. It is traditionally accepted that the “history of architecture” as a science is the main repository of knowledge about the evolution of architecture. Facts and artifacts, descriptions of monuments and cities are retained in it. The article emphasizes that the traditional “history of architectural objects” is not the only form of memory. Another equally important and complicated aspect of the architectural memory is detected during the decoding of the evolution of project activity and its language. Analysis of the evolution of architecture allowed us to differentiate the epochs in which historical thinking prevails: the Renaissance, Romanticism, Eclecticism, Art Deco, Postmodernism. They are characterized by such ways of thinking as dialogical, historical and typological, historical and associative. They are opposed to design approaches in which abstract thinking dominates (Art Nouveau and Modernism). The article shows that the concept of architectural memory has many shades and manifests itself in a variety of different forms of professional consciousness. As historical knowledge, memory exists in such forms as: a chronological description, science of history, evolutionary studies, catalog of styles, museum, archive. In designing and its language, memory is represented in such forms as canon, dialogue with bygone era, norm, architectural fantasy, remembrance, historical association, reconstruction, restoration and others. It is shown that the most important way of storing and transferring information is the architectural language and compositional logic. Postmodern consciousness raised the problem of loss of memory and the development of architectural language and communication of culture.
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Fazeli, Hengameh, and Esmaeil Negarestan. "Architecture as A Physical, Psychological & Spiritual Science – A Case Study on Indo-Aryan Architecture." Local Wisdom : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Kearifan Lokal 15, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/lw.v15i1.8934.
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Primitive dwellings and traditional houses were commonly built by the local craftsmen or by the dwellers themselves, both under the supervision of a spiritual figure called the spirit-man who was present to give guidance on a spiritual level and lead the performance of ritual ceremonies connected with the construction. With the development of social communities and advancement of knowledge, the architect gradually became the only person in charge of the whole process of designing; who was in fact professional in a wide range of sciences including mathematics and geometry, history, philosophy, physics, astrology, human inner system and medicine. These sciences were necessary to equip the architect with proper knowledge in dealing with different aspects of human living as physical, psychological and spiritual, occurring in every piece of architecture. Therefore, the building designed in this way was able to provide different needs of each household.However, as science advanced and the material views became popular, holistic views towards architecture got abandoned, and replaced with specialized sciences dealing with physical aspect of living, in the 20th century and the architectural education architect became confined to merely visual arts and physical comfort. Although many scholars such as Christopher Oliver, Christopher Day or Cooper Marcus, tried to emphasize on the importance of psychological aspects of human system, using traditional buildings as successful examples of architecture, the spiritual side of architecture remained unrevealed. The sciences of geomancy, human spiritual anatomy and astrology used to be important elements of design in traditional societies, that lead to creation of sciences such as Feng Shui or Vastru Shastra. This article, studying the art and architecture of Indo-Aryan societies, aims at introducing architecture as a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual sciences to help create buildings that not only provide physical comfort, but also promote health.
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Fazeli, Dr Hengameh, and Esmaeil Negarestan. "Architecture as A Physical, Psychological & Spiritual Science, A Case Study on Indo-Aryan Architecture." Journal of Architectural Research and Education 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jare.v5i1.53652.
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Primitive dwellings and traditional houses were commonly built by the local craftsmen or by the dwellers themselves, both under the supervision of a spiritual figure called the spirit-man who was present to give guidance on a spiritual level and lead the performance of ritual ceremonies connected with the construction. With the development of social communities and advancement of knowledge, the architect gradually became the only person in charge of the whole process of designing; who was in fact professional in a wide range of sciences including mathematics and geometry, history, philosophy, physics, astrology, human inner system and medicine. These sciences were necessary to equip the architect with proper knowledge in dealing with different aspects of human living as physical, psychological and spiritual, occurring in every piece of architecture. Therefore, the building designed in this way was able to provide different needs of each household. However, as science advanced and the material views became popular, holistic views towards architecture got abandoned, and replaced with specialized sciences dealing with physical aspect of living, in the 20th century and the architectural education architect became confined to merely visual arts and physical comfort. Although many scholars such as Christopher Oliver, Christopher Day or Cooper Marcus, tried to emphasize on the importance of psychological aspects of human system, using traditional buildings as successful examples of architecture, the spiritual side of architecture remained unrevealed. The sciences of geomancy, human spiritual anatomy and astrology used to be important elements of design in traditional societies, that lead to creation of sciences such as Feng Shui or Vastru Shastra. This article, studying the art and architecture of Indo-Aryan societies, aims at introducing architecture as a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual sciences to help create buildings that not only provide physical comfort, but also promote health.
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Siddiqi, Anooradha Iyer. "Architecture Culture, Humanitarian Expertise:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 76, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2017.76.3.367.
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Architecture Culture, Humanitarian Expertise: From the Tropics to Shelter, 1953–93 recovers a history of architecture and humanitarianism through an examination of institutions and the development of a subfield of professional practice. Charting mutual interest between major humanitarian agencies and the architecture and planning professions, Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi maps the joint construction of expertise, tying together three sets of concerns: preoccupations with the tropics and climate as anchor points for the science and rationalization behind building design, the institutionalization of humanitarian spatial expertise in the academy and industry, and a tension between models for development and for relief. This joint activity and its discursive themes, from the “tropics” to “shelter”—whether aggrandizing or instrumentalizing the shared mission of architecture and humanitarianism—raised the stakes for architectural expertise as a driver for practice as well as history.
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Resmini, Andrea, and Luca Rosati. "A Brief History of Information Architecture." Journal of Information Architecture 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2011): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55135/1015060901/112.006/3.024.
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Information architecture (IA) is a professional practice and field of studies focused on solving the basic problems of accessing, and using, the vast amounts of information available today. You commonly hear of information architecture in connection with the design of web sites both large and small, and when wireframes, labels, and taxonomies are discussed. As it is today, it is mainly a production activity, a craft, and it relies on an inductive process and a set, or many sets, of guidelines, best practices, and personal and professional expertise. In other words, information architecture is arguably not a science but, very much like say industrial design, an applied art
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Stillman, Damie, and Alberto Perez-Gomez. "Architecture and the Crisis of Modern Science." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 16, no. 2 (1985): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204183.
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Diefendorff, Keith. "History of the PowerPC architecture." Communications of the ACM 37, no. 6 (June 1994): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/175208.175211.
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Kale, Gül. "Intersections Between the Architect’s Cubit, the Science of Surveying, and Social Practices in CaʿFer Efendi’s Seventeenth-Century Book on Ottoman Architecture." Muqarnas Online 36, no. 1 (October 2, 2019): 131–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118993-00361p07.
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Abstract In 1614 Caʿfer Efendi devoted four chapters of his book on architecture to the science of surveying. Caʿfer’s text is the only extant comprehensive book written by a scholar on the relation between architecture and various forms of knowledge. His sections on surveying have attracted little scholarly attention since they were often viewed as ad hoc chapters in a biography of the chief architect Mehmed Agha. An investigation into the intersection between architecture, as represented by the architect’s cubit, the science of surveying, and jurisprudence sheds significant light on how scholars assessed the legitimacy of early modern Ottoman architecture. In this article, I examine the relationship between architectural practices, mathematical knowledge, and social practices by focusing on Caʿfer Efendi’s elaborations on the architect’s cubit, units of measure, and mensuration of areas. These links need to be understood through the cultural and scientific context in which architects and scholars collaborated. I also explore Caʿfer Efendi’s identity, which gave him the tools to discuss such intrinsic connections. When read along with court decrees, and in conjunction with the use of mathematical sciences for civic affairs, this investigation reveals how Ottoman architecture was embedded in the scientific discourses, social practices, and ethical concerns of the early seventeenth century.
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Cressmann, Darryl. "Acoustic architecture before science. The case of Amsterdam's Concertgebouw." SoundEffects - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Sound and Sound Experience 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2016): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/se.v5i1.23304.
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Concert halls are designed for attentively listening to music. To guarantee that the listening experience mediated by these buildings is acoustically correct, architects rely upon math- ematical formulas to measure and predict how a building will sound. Armed with these formulas, they are able to experiment with unconventional concert hall designs without compromising the acoustics. The achievements of modern architectural acoustics are a valorisa- tion of the mathematical formulas used to predict acoustics. Indeed, the development of a predictive theory of architectural acoustics by Wallace Sabine in 1900 has been celebrated as the beginning of a new era of understanding sound and acoustic design. However, overlooked in this scientific triumphalism are the aesthetic standards that shape the acoustic design of buildings for music. Sabine’s formula transformed our understanding of how music behaves in an enclosed space, but it did not change our understanding of how music should sound in these spaces. In this paper I explore these points through a history of the acoustic design of Amsterdam’s Concertgebouw, which opened in 1888. Through an examination of the history of the acoustic design of the Concertgebouw, I describe the process of acoustic design prior to Sabine as a process of aural imitation. With this concept I reconceptualise the history of acoustic architecture to better recognise, first, how Sabine’s theory is simply a more effective form of aural imitation, and second, how the quantification of sound has led to a subjective idea of good sound becoming fixed as an objective measure of what good sound should be.
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Liu, Yuxuan. "Tradition and Modernity: Inheritance and Innovation of Ancient Chinese Architecture." Communications in Humanities Research 6, no. 1 (September 14, 2023): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/6/20230393.
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With a history of five thousand years, China has made many outstanding achievements in architecture. Even in modern times with advanced technology, there are still many advantages that can be used for reference. This article expounds the modern development of ancient Chinese architecture through the unique structure of ancient Chinese architecture and the application and evolution of ancient Chinese architectural styles in modern times. In general, the two unique structures of ancient Chinese architecture, the mortise and tenon structure and the bucket arch structure, due to the development of science and technology, no longer need them to play a load-bearing role. Now they are more used as decorations to reflect Chinese culture in architecture. middle. The architectural style of ancient China is also combined with modern architectural style to simplify the cumbersome construction process while still retaining the unique charm of ancient Chinese architecture. The main purpose of this study is to study the application and development trend of ancient Chinese architecture in modern times.
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Kurath, Monika. "Architecture as a Science: Boundary Work and the Demarcation of Design Knowledge from Research." Science & Technology Studies 28, no. 3 (January 1, 2015): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55343.
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Recent STS literature has described a trend of academisation in higher education and universities in which administrative bodies and formalised practices like evaluations have gained increased influence. This article discusses the impact of such trends on the discipline of architecture, focusing on the strains and boundaries that architectural faculties face in their research and teaching practice. Specifically, the development of design knowledge from individual and multiple theoretical and methodological approaches, the tight connection with tacit knowledge forms, as well as the use of non-formalised tenure and peer-review indicate on-going processes of boundary work (Gieryn, 1983), where external disciplines evaluate architectural knowledge production and demarcate it from their own research approaches. Due to the increased meaning of evaluations, such boundary work plays an increasing role in framing the form and content of design research. In this respect, architectural research becomes a matter of negotiation that not only involves architecture, but also traditional research disciplines as well as the added restrictions of interdisciplinary and administrative bodies.
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Kisacky, Jeanne. "History and Science: Julien-David Leroy's "Dualistic Method of Architectural History"." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 60, no. 3 (September 2001): 260–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991756.
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Lee, John A. N. "History in computer science education." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 33, no. 2 (June 2001): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/571922.571928.
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Lee, John A. N. "History in computer science education." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 32, no. 4 (December 2000): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/369295.369304.
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Hussain, Saddam, and Fu Juan. "Exploring the Architecture and Its Influence of Badshahi Mosque Lahore (Bmlh): A Unesco Tentative Heritage Site." Journal of Islamic Architecture 7, no. 3 (June 28, 2023): 464–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jia.v7i3.20999.
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Asia has a variety of diverse ancient cultures and civilizations. In this paper, we studied the architecture of a UNESCO tentative heritage site: Badshahi Mosque Lahore (BMLH, 1671–1673), built by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir (AA). The site is special since it had the largest mosque title (human capacity = 100,000) in the world from 1673 to 1986, has great architectural importance, and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the world. Various mosque architectures (MA) emerged over the past 1400 years worldwide to preserve each region's diversity, identity, and culture. A documentation visit was arranged to study this site and feel the real architecture of the Mughals after decades of preserved form. The study found that BMLH underwent significant alterations while keeping the original MA. This unique study further focused on the basic architecture of the Mughal Era. A detailed study of the architectural themes of BMLH showed that the architectural style of this heritage included regional, cultural, and traditional impacts. By analyzing the architectural themes and distinctive features of BMLH, we have uncovered the distinct regional, religious, and psychological influences that led to Mughal-era mosque architecture's development. Further documentation was reported about the current structural situation of Badshahi Mosque; the number of seepages has been pointed out, and several decays were sighted during our visit. For this significant site's perfect preservation, it was proposed that high-end preservation strategies be implemented in the future.
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Bode, Andrey В., and Tatiana V. Zhigaltsova. "History and Architecture of the Sretenskaya Church in Maloshuyka Village, Onega District of the Arkhangelsk Province." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 66 (2022): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-66-353-367.
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The paper deals with the history and architecture of the wooden architecture complex, situated in Maloshuyka (modern name — Abramovskaya village) in Onega District, Arkhangelsk Region. It describes the construction history of the Sretenskaya (Meeting of the Lord) Church (1873) and the bell tower (1807) in detail on the basis of the field research and archival data. The study of archival historical sources made it possible to reveal the architectural appearance of the preceding 18th century Sretenskaya Church. The identified features of its architecture were compared with the analogue Pomor churches. Based on the historical and typological comparison, we have come to the conclusion about the existence of a local church-building tradition. The results obtained include graphic reconstructions of the original appearance of the architectural ensemble in Maloshuyka as well as its appearance during the final stage of its development in the late 19th century. We analyzed historical data on the façade painting of the monuments under study and established that a specific color palette was characteristic of Pomor churches in the 19th – early 20th centuries. Also, the authors introduce new information into the scientific discourse about one lost object — a cemetery. The study resulted in obtaining new data on the history and architecture of Pomor wooden churches.
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Mahajan, Pratiksha, and Ar Ajinkya Malokar. "Divine Craftsmanship: Understanding the Intersection of Science, Art and Religion in Indian Temple Construction." International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management 11, no. 3 (June 2024): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2024.11.3.3.
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Basic Every architectural style expresses a fundamental idea that is unique to a certain culture and time period. In this sense, the architecture of Indian Hindu temples represents the values of science, art, architecture, and culture in addition to serving as the home and site of devotion for God. Temple customs and practices have persisted throughout history and into the present, having a significant impact on the social and cultural life of the populace and upholding ancient Indian values. Hindu temple architecture has been significantly influenced by Hinduism and philosophy over the ongoing evolutionary process. For this reason, historical studies on Indian temple architecture and the ideas used in the construction of holy Hindu temples from ancient times have been highlighted by book collections, films, literary works, and theoretical study. The procedure involves the talents required for the construction of such buildings. These factors have highlighted the art, science, and philosophy that underpinned the construction of Hindu temples, which were the same in antiquity as they were in the past. the persistence of custom and science, which date back to the earliest human experiences.
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Schmidt, Albert J., and William Craft Brumfield. "A History of Russian Architecture." Russian Review 54, no. 1 (January 1995): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/130792.
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Fareed, Mohamed W., Ali Bou Nassif, and Eslam Nofal. "Exploring the Potentials of Artificial Intelligence Image Generators for Educating the History of Architecture." Heritage 7, no. 3 (March 19, 2024): 1727–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage7030081.
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The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, specifically text-to-image generators, across various domains has had a profound impact on numerous fields. Despite this, the potential applications of AI image generators in architectural education, particularly in teaching the history of architecture, remain underexplored. This research aims to uncover the possibilities of utilizing AI image generators, with a specific focus on the capabilities of Leonardo AI, to enhance communication and engagement. This study employed an experimental methodology to investigate how the integration of AI image generators in education on the subject of “History of Architecture” promises to elevate the learning experience, offering new perspectives, visualizations, and interactive tools. Two workshops were conducted with university students to explore AI image generators’ potential applications in architectural history education. The first workshop utilized an iterative approach, while the second aimed to assess students’ analytical skills. The ultimate objective was to determine the capabilities of this tool and stimulate discussions regarding its potential future implementations. Following the workshops, online questionnaires were administered to students, and interviews were conducted with educators. The findings of this research underscore the need for validating AI-generated images, establishing guidelines to prevent misuse, and designing tailored AI tools for History of Architecture courses, thereby paving the way for further advancements in architectural history education.
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Wiebenson, Dora, and Alberto Perez-Gomez. "Architecture and the Crisis of Modern Science." Art Bulletin 69, no. 1 (March 1987): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3051094.
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Smolyak, Volodymyr, and Anastasia-Yulia Koshova. "CREATION OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL ON THE BASE OF ARCHITECTURAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TO THE FBCEI VNTU." Modern technology, materials and design in construction 33, no. 2 (March 22, 2023): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-187-191.
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The scientific research of the previous years in the field of theory and history of architecture created the prerequisites for creating a practical base for the opening of the architectural profession at the Faculty of BCI of VNTU. Recently, in the special council of the Architectural Institute of the Lviv Polytechnic University, a staff member of the FBCEI of the VNTU, Assoc. Smolyakom V.V. and graduate students Khorosa O.I. and Subin-Kozhevnikova A.S. defended candidate theses on the specialization "Theory and History of Architecture". The importance of the formation and creation of an architectural school at the Faculty of Construction, Civil and Environmental Engineering of the Vinnytsia National Technical University in the direction of fruitful scientific research in the field of the history of folk architecture of Eastern Podillia, Vinnytsia and the city of Vinnytsia as a whole. This fact became the starting point for the organization of a new architectural specialty at the faculty.
Thus, one more important and interesting one will be added to the list of construction specialties at FBCEI - Architecture. Both teachers and new students are ready for thorough and productive study in a new direction. The presence of specialties related to urban construction, industrial construction and energy-efficient systems of providing buildings and structures will only help in providing basic and necessary skills to future architects. And the professional and scientific teaching staff meets the licensed requirements for opening a specialty, which will become a new branch of development of both the faculty and the university as a whole for new scientific achievements and new scientific research.
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Djuraeva, Sanabar N., and Umid M. Aminov. "HISTORY OF PERSONIFICATION AND ARCHITECTURE OF SHEIKH ZAYNIDDIN AND SHEIKH KHOVANDI TOHUR SHRINES IN TASHKENT." Journal of Social Research in Uzbekistan 02, no. 05 (December 1, 2022): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/supsci-jsru-02-05-02.
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The article describes the role of Tashkent (Shosh), the capital of Uzbekistan, in the world civilization, the contribution of scientists and scholars to the development of Islamic science, the construction of the city, mausoleum, mosque, socio-political, cultural and spiritual life. At the same time, the personification of the shrines of Sheikh Zayniddin and Sheikh Khovandi Tohur in Tashkent, the history of the architecture of the mausoleums where their ashes lie, and the attitude of the local population to them are described.
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Gillin, Edward John. "Stones of Science: Charles Harriot Smith and the Importance of Geology in Architecture, 1834–64." Architectural History 59 (2016): 281–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2016.9.
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AbstractIn mid nineteenth-century Britain, the study of geology involved radical new understandings of the earth's history. This had ramifications for architecture, providing new ways of seeing stone and designing buildings. This article examines the works of stone-mason Charles Smith. Following the destruction of the Houses of Parliament in 1834, the government initiated a national survey to select a stone for Britain's new legislature. Alongside geologists Henry De la Beche and William Smith, Charles Smith toured the buildings and quarries of Britain, producing a report that was intended to guide not only the choice of stone at Westminster, but all future architectural projects. He spent the following two decades promoting geological knowledge for architectural work. His reading of texts that examined the earth's geological formation, such as Charles Lyell's, shaped new understandings of stone and cement. This article demonstrates how, in a rapidly industrialising society, geology and architecture became increasingly inseparable.
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Lee, John A. N. "History in the computer science curriculum." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 30, no. 2 (June 1998): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/292422.292425.
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Lee, John A. N. "History in the computer science curriculum." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 29, no. 4 (December 1997): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/271125.271140.
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Lee, John A. N. "History in the computer science curriculum." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 28, no. 2 (June 1996): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/228296.228298.
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Nair, Janaki. "Past Perfect: Architecture and Public Life in Bangalore." Journal of Asian Studies 61, no. 4 (November 2002): 1205–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3096440.
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“In the city,” says carl schorske, writing of Vienna at the turn of the twentieth century, “… the truth of industrial and commercial society had to be screened in the decent draperies of pre-industrial artistic styles. Science and law were modern truth, but beauty came from history” (1981, 45). Quotations from the past were equally the mark of architectural styles that were forged in colonial and postcolonial societies, as history became a resource for defining new ideals of beauty. If the retreat into (classical European) history was a striking feature of public architecture in colonial India (Evenson 1989, 99–109), an attempt to command a long and respectable lineage of authority equally marked the efforts of Indian nationalists in the early post-independence period.
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Nekrošius, Liutauras. "PARALLELS OF EUROPEAN STRUCTURALISM IDEAS IN LITHUANIAN ARCHITECTURE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 30, no. 3 (June 30, 2006): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921630.2006.10697072.
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One of the most controversial periods of architectural history, which has been identified with avant-garde of philosophy, art, music and science, in Lithuania is laconically described as soviet modernism. One of contemporary architectural phenomena, which is characterized as a part of soviet modernism, is structuralism. In Lithuania it developed as a reaction to creative results of a modernistic style. The text concentrates on one segment of a wider research of structuralism ideas in contemporary Lithuanian architecture. The paper discusses the basic concepts of structuralistic architecture and their genesis, reviews the manifestation of these ideas in Lithuania and other European countries. Attention is paid to ideas which determined changes in townscape. Supposedly, such a review will help to define peculiarities in the genesis and development of structuralistic tendencies in Lithuania and understand their influence on architectural development in the country.
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Bazzi, Wafaa Ahmad. "Philosophy of dividing the Computer Science into Several fields." International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science 7, no. 03 (March 26, 2018): 23796–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v7i3.24.
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There are many divisions of philosophy named the philosophy of a domain where domains going from history to physics. This essay proposes some issues that might constitute the philosophy of computer science as architecture of computer, divide the science into hardware and software, programming languages, operating systems, network architecture, security, privacy, and of protect the machine by anti-virus
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Spellerberg, Jonathan. "Enacting the Mythical through Architecture." Fascism 12, no. 2 (December 13, 2023): 306–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116257-bja10054.
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Abstract The beginning of the Third Reich saw the construction of large architectural structures to host and aesthetically frame Nazi mass events. The significance of these buildings cannot be understood without the propaganda and mass performances that constituted their contemporary frame of reception. This article discusses the Gauforum project in Weimar, constructed from 1937 until 1944. Combining an analysis of common architecture-related propaganda tropes with an examination of architectural design and a reading of the ceremony of laying the first foundation stone, it shows how these elements performed the longed-for Volksgemeinschaft. By framing construction works as the expression of national achievement and an ongoing revolutionary renewal of the nation, Nazi-era architecture propaganda discursively primed the ground for interplay between the material arrangements of architecture and events that afforded an experience of the mythical spatiotemporality of the Volksgemeinschaft. In this way, Nazi architectural propaganda played an efficacious part in the politics of mass events.
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Carpo, Mario. "Drawing with Numbers: Geometry and Numeracy in Early Modern Architectural Design." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 448–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3592497.
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Precision in building was pursued and achieved well before the rise of modern science and technology. This fact applies to the classical tradition as well as to medieval architecture, and is particularly evident in architectural drawings and design from the Italian Renaissance onward. In this essay, I trace the shift from geometry-the primary tool for quantification in classical architecture- to numeracy that characterizes Renaissance architectural theory and practice. I also address some more general aspects of the relation between technologies of quantification and the making of architectural forms.
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Daston, Lorraine. "The Secret History of Science and Modernity: The History of Science and the History of Religion." Grey Room, no. 88 (2022): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/grey_a_00347.
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Smith, Crosbie. "The Architecture of Science. Peter Galison , Emily Thompson." Isis 92, no. 2 (June 2001): 354–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385188.
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Holmes, John Robert. "Science and the Language of Natural History Museum Architecture: Problems of Interpretation." Museum and Society 17, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 342–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v17i3.3212.
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The historicist styles and decorative schemas of natural history museums built from the 1850s to the 1930s provide a unique opportunity to study the architectural expression of scientific ideas. At the same time, the significance of individual buildings varies widely. Drawing on examples from Britain, Ireland, Canada and continental Europe, this article explores three specific problems that arise in the interpretation of the architectural language of natural history museums. Firstly, the same motifs can convey very different meanings in different places. Secondly, the same governing idea can be communicated through different architectural styles which in turn inflect the idea itself. Finally, it is often hard to reconstruct the exact roles of the different actors in creating a museum building. The most complex museums, and the most challenging and rewarding to analyse, are those with the greatest number of scientists and artists working together to create them.
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KHOLODOVA, E. V., and I. V. SHPAKOV. "ARCHITECTURE, RECONSTRUCTION AND HISTORY ESTATES OF A.S. SHUMAKOV IN THE CITY OF KURSK." Building and reconstruction 97, no. 5 (2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2021-97-5-84-92.
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The research is based on identified archival and printed sources, field studies of the authors. The scientific novelty and significance of the study is based on the identification of archival and printed sources that allow for a more reasonable reconstruction of the figurative and material structure of the lost elements of the main manor house of the estate of A.S. Shumakov in Kursk. The research was carried out at the expense of the State Program of the Russian Federation "Development of Science and Technology" for 2021 within the framework of the Plan of Fundamental Scientific Research of the Ministry of Construction of Russia and the Russian Academy of Sciences, topic 1.2.2.
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Wettstein, Domonkos. "Új klasszicizálás vagy „másik modern”? Az átmenet narratívája Kotsis Iván városépítészetében és Balaton-parti munkásságában." Kellék. Filozófiai folyóirat, no. 69 (December 5, 2023): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.61901/kellek.2023.69.05.
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The tendencies in 20th century architecture were determined by the relationship between the classical tradition of architecture and modernity. In the 1930s, modern architecture came to the fore more and more, but at the same time, both in international architecture and in Hungary, alternative efforts appeared that sought a dialogue between modern architecture, historical traditions and local specificities. This search for an alternative was present in modern architecture throughout the 20th century and is still effective today. The trends with different colors are characterized by the modern concept of the other in the written history of architectural theory. The purpose of this study is to present the interactions between the international and domestic tendencies of the “other modern” through the work of Iván Kotsis. Iván Kotsis was a significant figure in architecture between the two world wars, and in addition to his creative career, he was also a decisive character in the architectural education of the University of Applied Sciences. His views became guidelines for later generations. His work is illustrative to the transition between historicizing and modern architecture, while experimentation with local, regional character was also a decisive inspiration for him in this transition. He established close international relations with the dominant European architects of the era, including the Stuttgart School, classified as an alternative school, and the German architects Paul Schmitthenner and Paul Bonatz. In order to bring a contribution to the field of the history of architectural ideas, the study examines his creative concepts and the relationship between classical and modern architecture on the basis of his autobiography, archival publications and contemporary literature.
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Maxwell, Robert. "Education for the creative act." Architectural Research Quarterly 4, no. 1 (March 2000): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135500002426.
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Architects are, with few exceptions, ‘school trained’. This paper traces the history of the relationship between architectural education and practice. It describes the approaches developed at Cambridge and the Bartlett in the 1960s - and the theories that each embodied: one based on architecture as a cultural manifestation and the other governing the science of building. The paper concludes with the view that we need to be more realistic in our attitude to artistic aspiration as a component of studying architecture while strengthening the ways by which building performance can be tested.
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Davis, Georgina A. "A history of McMurdo Station through its architecture." Polar Record 53, no. 2 (January 30, 2017): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247416000747.
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ABSTRACTMcMurdo Station, Antarctica, is a US Federal research facility operated year-round by the National Science Foundation (NSF). Its primary mission is to support scientific research, but it also provides logistical air and ground support for South Pole Station, seasonal field sites and nearby stations operated by other countries. It is the largest station in Antarctica, supporting up to 1,200 people. While McMurdo Station has a long scientific legacy, the facility also has an interesting architectural and engineering history that spans 60 years and has its antecedents in the ‘heroic age’ of exploration (1898–1916) and the Little America expeditions (1929–1958). Here, I describe the history of the built environment of McMurdo Station to clarify how it evolved from a temporary air station in the late 1950s to its current role as the flagship research facility of the US Antarctic Research Program (USAP). This historical review may provide insights that are useful as the station continues to transform and evolve, allowing it to continue its scientific mission into the 21st century.
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Findlen, Paula. "History of Science: How Buildings Matter." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25068225.
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Permilovskaya, Anna B. "Rural Shrines: Votive Crosses of Mezen." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 71 (2024): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2024-71-81-99.
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Wooden architecture is a special, independent direction of The Russian traditional construction. Its unique quality and diversity are represented in Russia, which has always been a “forest, taiga” country. This truly is a national architecture, that had absorbed the mythopoetic and Christian worldview of the people. The history of Russian wooden architecture is largely the history of wooden architecture in the Russian North. The subject of this study is the peasant rural sacral objects: votive crosses of the Mezen`, one of the most severe regions of the Russian North. The author relies on several sources: field materials (architectural-ethnographic expeditions), with measurements, photographic recording, and the preparation of scientific passports. As well as work with informants: collecting local narratives and legends related to the history of specific crosses, the experience of practical museumification and setting up the votive cross and the village foundation pillar in the Mezen` sector of the Museum “Malye Korely”. The paper analyzes crosses as historical, ethnographic, stavrographic sources, works of wooden architecture and woodcarving, Pomors pilot signs. The aim of the study is to determine the meaning of the cross as one of the main symbols of the Orthodoxy in the cultural landscape of the Northern and Arctic territories.
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Chaplya, Tatina V. "ARCHITECTURE IN TERMS OF CULTURAL SPACE." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 58 (2020): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2020-58-8-20.
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The need to establish links between cultural space and architecture, as a way of its existence throughout the history of mankind determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the paper is to analyze interaction and connection between cultural space and architecture in history, as well as to identify forms and methods of this connection from origin to modern times. The author presents the analysis of cultural space in modern cultural science, identifies basic structural components of cultural space: representations, meanings and values expressed in semiotic models and in the picture of the world; social relations and communications embodied in the system of social roles and attitudes; and activities that permeate all of the elements above, linking them together. Architecture is perceived as one of the ways of cultural space existence, which includes not only a model of the world, vertical and horizontal orientation in space, but also a way to express value attitudes through fixing value dominants in certain parts of a building or spaces. The study is to show that architecture acts as a way of self-identification of culture, society, social groups, individual subjects by defining their place in geographical space, the existence of external and internal spaces as a semiotic expression of “friend/foe” position. The author examines the role of different types of architectural structures, allowing fixing social hierarchy and political power in the cultural space of different eras. As a result, a connection between cultural space and architecture is established, act as the ways of forming and functioning in society throughout the history of human development.
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Djuraeva, Sanabar N., and Muhabbat Qurbonova. "TASHKENT SHRINES RELATED TO THE NAME OF THE REPRESENTATIVES OF SUFISM." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 03, no. 05 (May 1, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-03-05-02.
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The article discusses the richness and diversity of religious ideas in the lives of the people of Central Asia, reflected in the example of these cultural monuments, the formation of a new system in which the local traditions merged with “Islamic culture” after the entry of Islam into the region. From the Tashkent oasis came the representatives of mysticism, who made a great contribution to the development of Islamic science, and the architectural monuments and shrines where they lay were a place of spirituality for the population in the Middle Ages, these monuments are a unique example of Islamic architecture in the XIV-XVI centuries, at present, scientific opinions and comments have been put forward that the attraction of local and foreign tourists to these shrines will make a significant contribution to the economy of our country.
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Katuk, Damla, and Emine Köseoğlu. "Bibliometric analysis of water at the intersection of environmental psychology and biophilic design." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2023-0003.
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Abstract Water is the subject of study in many scientific fields. The relationship between water and space in architecture is connected with environmental psychology and biophilic design. Therefore, this study seeks to explore the research related to water at the intersection of environmental psychology and biophilic design, to identify current research gaps and primary authors and concepts. The method applied herein is biblio-metric analysis with the science mapping technique, covering the documents held on Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases. The keywords environmental psychology, biophilic design, and water are selected for the systematically analysed scan performed in Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases. After collecting the bibliometric data of a total of 292 documents from the databases on 1 May 2022, the downloaded .csv and .txt data files were transferred to VOSviewer (1.6.18.0). Firstly, descriptive data was examined on the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Secondly, visualizations were created via the science mapping techniques by VOSviewer. The selected bibliometric analysis with science mapping techniques represents co-authorship data by the authors, co-occurrences data by author keywords, citation data by documents, co-citation data by the cited references, and co-citation data by the cited authors. As a result, twelve primary authors and five concepts have been identified. The concepts for the gaps are biophilic design, biophilia, emotional design, perception, and architectural design. The critical result is that in the approach to the relationship between space and water in architecture, biophilic design has been found to be a more recent field than environmental psychology. So, the concepts ascertained in this study – and especially the newly established combinations with the biophilic architecture– are going to have a growing tendency in architecture.