Relevant bibliographies by topics / Architecture and science – history – 20th century

Academic literature on the topic 'Architecture and science – history – 20th century'

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Published: 26 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Architecture and science – history – 20th century"

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Novotná, Mária. "Alpine huts: Architectural innovations and development in the High Tatras in the second half of the 20th century." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2023-0005.

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Abstract The innovative 20th century brought many problems, but it brought many solutions too. The problems architecture was trying to handle at the time were no longer solvable with traditional methods. The world learned about new architectural movements like post-war modernism, brutalism, high-tech architecture, and postmodernism. However, there were places where innovative tendencies were implemented at a slower rate, with some delay, or not at all. The paper analyses buildings built in the alpine territories of the High Tatras in former Czechoslovakia and examines three typologies of huts: small huts, large-capacity huts, and huts transformed into mountain hotels. The research concentrates on huts and the innovations through the process of architectural planning, changes and adaptations of newly-built objects, extensions of the existing and reconstruction of decayed huts and also on the never built projects. The main focus is on the huts Chata pri Popradskom plese, Sliezsky dom, Chata pod Rysmi, Chata pri Zelenom plese and Kežmarská chata. The building process of the huts is explained in the social and political context with the notion of the second half of the 20th century paradigm. It was the era shaped by post-war recovery, architecture for the masses, television, exploration of eight-thousanders and space trips. In the second half of the 20th century, Czechoslovakia was under Soviet control with the command or planned economy. The paper explores the phenomena of the period, examining the effect they had on the care for the huts and what happened after the revolution in 1989. Despite the lack of architectural interventions in the alpine territories, the paper found examples of socialist realism, post-war modernism, and high-tech ideas in the architecture of the High Tatras highest terrains.
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Wettstein, Domonkos. "Új klasszicizálás vagy „másik modern”? Az átmenet narratívája Kotsis Iván városépítészetében és Balaton-parti munkásságában." Kellék. Filozófiai folyóirat, no. 69 (December 5, 2023): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.61901/kellek.2023.69.05.

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The tendencies in 20th century architecture were determined by the relationship between the classical tradition of architecture and modernity. In the 1930s, modern architecture came to the fore more and more, but at the same time, both in international architecture and in Hungary, alternative efforts appeared that sought a dialogue between modern architecture, historical traditions and local specificities. This search for an alternative was present in modern architecture throughout the 20th century and is still effective today. The trends with different colors are characterized by the modern concept of the other in the written history of architectural theory. The purpose of this study is to present the interactions between the international and domestic tendencies of the “other modern” through the work of Iván Kotsis. Iván Kotsis was a significant figure in architecture between the two world wars, and in addition to his creative career, he was also a decisive character in the architectural education of the University of Applied Sciences. His views became guidelines for later generations. His work is illustrative to the transition between historicizing and modern architecture, while experimentation with local, regional character was also a decisive inspiration for him in this transition. He established close international relations with the dominant European architects of the era, including the Stuttgart School, classified as an alternative school, and the German architects Paul Schmitthenner and Paul Bonatz. In order to bring a contribution to the field of the history of architectural ideas, the study examines his creative concepts and the relationship between classical and modern architecture on the basis of his autobiography, archival publications and contemporary literature.
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Bode, Andrey В., and Tatiana V. Zhigaltsova. "History and Architecture of the Sretenskaya Church in Maloshuyka Village, Onega District of the Arkhangelsk Province." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 66 (2022): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-66-353-367.

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The paper deals with the history and architecture of the wooden architecture complex, situated in Maloshuyka (modern name — Abramovskaya village) in Onega District, Arkhangelsk Region. It describes the construction history of the Sretenskaya (Meeting of the Lord) Church (1873) and the bell tower (1807) in detail on the basis of the field research and archival data. The study of archival historical sources made it possible to reveal the architectural appearance of the preceding 18th century Sretenskaya Church. The identified features of its architecture were compared with the analogue Pomor churches. Based on the historical and typological comparison, we have come to the conclusion about the existence of a local church-building tradition. The results obtained include graphic reconstructions of the original appearance of the architectural ensemble in Maloshuyka as well as its appearance during the final stage of its development in the late 19th century. We analyzed historical data on the façade painting of the monuments under study and established that a specific color palette was characteristic of Pomor churches in the 19th – early 20th centuries. Also, the authors introduce new information into the scientific discourse about one lost object — a cemetery. The study resulted in obtaining new data on the history and architecture of Pomor wooden churches.
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Nikishin, S. A., S. F. Dyadchenko, and E. A. Sukhinina. "Evolution of transport service architecture in Russia and the Soviet Union (Saratov)." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 25, no. 6 (December 26, 2023): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2023-25-6-29-43.

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The article studies in the national history of the architectural typology evolution of transport services in Russia and the Soviet Union. The progress of motor transport since the end of the 19th century and new tasks put forward by this process, require an intensive typological search for innovative architectural solutions. Since the beginning of the 20th century, motor transport services together with the developing motor transport network become significant elements of the urban development, largely determining their new image. The architecture of transport service facilities directly relates to the current development of vehicles in technological and socio-economic aspects.The purpose of the study is to analyze and generalize the architecture typology of the transport service in Russia, depending on technological and social factors.
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Fazeli, Hengameh, and Esmaeil Negarestan. "Architecture as A Physical, Psychological & Spiritual Science – A Case Study on Indo-Aryan Architecture." Local Wisdom : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Kearifan Lokal 15, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/lw.v15i1.8934.

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Primitive dwellings and traditional houses were commonly built by the local craftsmen or by the dwellers themselves, both under the supervision of a spiritual figure called the spirit-man who was present to give guidance on a spiritual level and lead the performance of ritual ceremonies connected with the construction. With the development of social communities and advancement of knowledge, the architect gradually became the only person in charge of the whole process of designing; who was in fact professional in a wide range of sciences including mathematics and geometry, history, philosophy, physics, astrology, human inner system and medicine. These sciences were necessary to equip the architect with proper knowledge in dealing with different aspects of human living as physical, psychological and spiritual, occurring in every piece of architecture. Therefore, the building designed in this way was able to provide different needs of each household.However, as science advanced and the material views became popular, holistic views towards architecture got abandoned, and replaced with specialized sciences dealing with physical aspect of living, in the 20th century and the architectural education architect became confined to merely visual arts and physical comfort. Although many scholars such as Christopher Oliver, Christopher Day or Cooper Marcus, tried to emphasize on the importance of psychological aspects of human system, using traditional buildings as successful examples of architecture, the spiritual side of architecture remained unrevealed. The sciences of geomancy, human spiritual anatomy and astrology used to be important elements of design in traditional societies, that lead to creation of sciences such as Feng Shui or Vastru Shastra. This article, studying the art and architecture of Indo-Aryan societies, aims at introducing architecture as a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual sciences to help create buildings that not only provide physical comfort, but also promote health.
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Fazeli, Dr Hengameh, and Esmaeil Negarestan. "Architecture as A Physical, Psychological & Spiritual Science, A Case Study on Indo-Aryan Architecture." Journal of Architectural Research and Education 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jare.v5i1.53652.

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Primitive dwellings and traditional houses were commonly built by the local craftsmen or by the dwellers themselves, both under the supervision of a spiritual figure called the spirit-man who was present to give guidance on a spiritual level and lead the performance of ritual ceremonies connected with the construction. With the development of social communities and advancement of knowledge, the architect gradually became the only person in charge of the whole process of designing; who was in fact professional in a wide range of sciences including mathematics and geometry, history, philosophy, physics, astrology, human inner system and medicine. These sciences were necessary to equip the architect with proper knowledge in dealing with different aspects of human living as physical, psychological and spiritual, occurring in every piece of architecture. Therefore, the building designed in this way was able to provide different needs of each household. However, as science advanced and the material views became popular, holistic views towards architecture got abandoned, and replaced with specialized sciences dealing with physical aspect of living, in the 20th century and the architectural education architect became confined to merely visual arts and physical comfort. Although many scholars such as Christopher Oliver, Christopher Day or Cooper Marcus, tried to emphasize on the importance of psychological aspects of human system, using traditional buildings as successful examples of architecture, the spiritual side of architecture remained unrevealed. The sciences of geomancy, human spiritual anatomy and astrology used to be important elements of design in traditional societies, that lead to creation of sciences such as Feng Shui or Vastru Shastra. This article, studying the art and architecture of Indo-Aryan societies, aims at introducing architecture as a combination of physical, psychological and spiritual sciences to help create buildings that not only provide physical comfort, but also promote health.
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Mazalán, Peter, and Katarína Morávková. "Fine art as an integral part of architecture: Political and social aspects of the formation of this synthesis in the 20th century." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 28, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2023-0022.

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Abstract The theme of the connection of visual arts with architecture, or the cooperation of visual artists with architects in post-war Europe, basically follows two lines: a theoretical line and a political-institutional line. Just as knowledge of the history of art and the history of architecture is necessary in the analysis of this period, knowledge of the political-economic circumstances is necessary in the field of realisations in architecture, because by definition, this public art is a political affair and is not an independent creation. Art in architecture was promoted not only in communist countries (for ideological reasons), but also in Western Europe as an aesthetic cultivation of contemporary architecture. From the mid-1950s onwards, visual art in architectural space appeared more and more frequently, which led to the adoption of legislative measures that regulated and supported this practice. A gradual transformation in the understanding of the task can be observed over the period under review, or the position of public art, presented as part of architecture or public space. This is naturally due to social development. If at the beginning of the 1950s it was a mission to convey ideology and indoctrinate it, in the next stage the focus shifts more towards design with the task of cultivating the environment and creating a certain atmosphere. The study also peripherally explores forms of arts support in the context of other European countries. The idea of integration between art and architecture dates back to the very origins of both disciplines. During the avant-garde movement at the beginning of the twentieth century, it acquired a new meaning and social purpose and became one of the most defining characteristics of modernism. Modernism arose from the expectation of moral and material reconstruction of the world devastated by war, which served as a tool to strengthen collective identity and, consequently, to forge the bond between the city and its inhabitants. Our study traces the development and contexts of the relationship and funding of visual arts in architecture in the Slovak and European context in the 20th century.
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Gaspar, Natalia Maria. "A arquitetura moderna do século 20, tecnologia herdeira da eugenia do século 19." Revista Brasileira de História 43, no. 94 (December 2023): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93472023v43n94-19.

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Nicolescu, Adrian, Mirela Teodorescu, and Daniela Gîfu. "Architecture of Political Legal Communication." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 42 (October 2014): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.42.21.

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Political communication has its roots to the earliest classical studies of Aristotle and Plato, modern political communication research is very much an interdisciplinary field of study, drawing on concepts from communication, political science, journalism, sociology, psychology, history, rhetoric, and other fields. In their seminal Handbook of Political Communication, Nimmo and Sanders (1981) traced the development of the field as an academic discipline in the latter half of the 20th century, and other scholars have described the breadth and scope of political communication (Kaid, 1996; Swanson & Nimmo, 1990). There have been advanced many definitions of political communication but none has gained universal acceptance. Perhaps the best is the simplest: Chaffee’s (1975) suggestion that political communication is the “role of communication in the political process”. The current study intend to do a presentation of message hermeneutics, interpretation and discourse architecture customized for a political one.
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Woitsch, Jiří, Kateřina Sedlická, and Dana Motyčková. "Dokumentace a prezentace venkovského stavitelství v ČR: historický vývoj a současné možnosti a limity." Časopis Národního muzea. Řada historická 190, no. 3-4 (2022): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/cnm.2021.006.

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Documentation and presentation of vernacular architecture in the Czech Republic: Historical overview and possibilities and limits of contemporary approaches The study presents an analysis of the basic trends in the documentation and presentation of vernacular (peasant, rural) architecture in the Czech Republic over the past 150 years. Based on this analysis, four basic stages of documentation of vernacular architecture were identified. They differ primarily in the institutional background and the degree of professionalisation of the activities carried out, the theoretical-methodological and epistemological conceptualisation of rural architecture in the fields of art history on the one hand and ethnology on the other, the degree of systematicity and spatial complexity of research and documentation, and finally its objectives (documentation carried out solely for the purpose of scientific research vs. documentation aimed also at popularisation and presentation of results to the public). The developmental stages of documentation and presentation of vernacular architecture are: (a) Stage of haphazard lay and expert documentation with presentation objectives (2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century); (b) Stage of haphazard mainly expert/scientific documentation without presentation objectives (beginning of the 20th century to the 1950s). (c) Stage of systematic professional/ scientific documentation without presentation objectives (1950s to 1990s); (d) Stage of haphazard and systematic professional/scientific documentation with presentation objectives and use of new technological possibilities (1990s to present). Using the specific example of the VISKALIA project (Virtual Open Air Museum), the article also points out the possibilities and limits of contemporary documentation and presentation of rural architecture offered to ethnology and ethnology-oriented museology and related fields by contemporary trends in the so-called digital humanities and heritage science.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Architecture and science – history – 20th century"

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Rentetzi, Maria. "Gender, Politics, and Radioactivity Research in Vienna, 1910-1938." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27084.

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What could it mean to be a physicist specialized in radioactivity in the early 20th century Vienna? More specifically, what could it mean to be a woman experimenter in radioactivity during that time? This dissertation focuses on the lived experiences of the women experimenters of the Institut für Radiumforschung in Vienna between 1910 and 1938. As one of three leading European Institutes specializing in radioactivity, the Institute had a very strong staff. At a time when there were few women in physics, one third of the Institute's researchers were women. Furthermore, they were not just technicians but were independent researchers who published at about the same rate as their male colleagues. This study accounts for the exceptional constellation of factors that contributed to the unique position of women in Vienna as active experimenters. Three main threads structure this study. One is the role of the civic culture of Vienna and the spatial arrangements specific to the Mediziner-Viertel in establishing the context of the intellectual work of the physicists. A second concerns the ways the Institute's architecture helped to define the scientific activity in its laboratories and to establish the gendered identities of the physicists it housed. The third examines how the social conditions of the Institute influenced the deployment of instrumentation and experimental procedures especially during the Cambridge-Vienna controversy of the 1920s. These threads are unified by their relation to the changing political context during the three contrasting periods in which the story unfolds: a) from the end of the 19th century to the end of the First World War, when new movements, including feminism, Social Democracy, and Christian Socialism, shaped the Viennese political scene, b) the period of Red Vienna, 1919 to 1934, when Social Democrats had control of the City of Vienna, and c) the period from 1934 to the Anschluss in 1938, during which fascists and Nazis seized power in Austria. As I show, the careers of the Institute's women were shaped in good part by the shifting meanings, and the politics, that attached to being a "woman experimenter" in Vienna from 1910 to the beginning of the Second World War.
Ph. D.
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Min, Shu. "Evolving Vernacular Architecture: Case Studies in Sichuan, China, 18th-20th Century." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15474.

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This thesis investigates how and why Sichuan courtyard dwellings evolved to adapt to changing social and cultural conditions from the 18th to the 20th century. Located in south-western China, Sichuan courtyard dwelling share some similarities with those in other regions of China but have its unique characteristics. While much of the existing scholarship studies Sichuan vernacular architecture from a static perspective, this research examines the development of Sichuan vernacular architecture as a dynamic process of immigration, localization, and acculturation. The research is based on three in-depth case studies and fifteen auxiliary cases. Using research methods including archival research, interviewing, site observation, and spatial analysis, the thesis adopts a holistic research framework to examine architectural space, social relationships, everyday life and cultural meaning of selected examples. The thesis shows that Sichuan courtyard dwellings in the 18th century were not developed from local architectural forms, but imported from inland China along with the wave of immigration. With the process of localisation in the 19th century, the characteristics of Sichuan vernacular dwelling such as grey space, flexible layout, extended eave, and small sky-well came into being to adapt to the new natural and cultural environment. The study also found that the social relationships and everyday life of the Sichuan residents were driving forces for the creation of the interesting spaces. The study also shows that many Sichuan courtyard dwellings in the 20th century were the results of compromise and eclecticism: their domestic spaces were organized within the traditional spatial framework as a cultural inheritance, while their westernized facade revealed the process of acculturation. Through these findings, the thesis contributes an original perspective to the understanding of Sichuan vernacular architecture as an evolving process over time.
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Marcus, Karen K. "Twentieth century Chinese architecture : examples and their significance in a modern tradition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78994.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1988.
Includes bibliographical references.
If one were to seek a unifying factor in this relatively short period of a modern Chinese tradition, it might be surprising to find that amidst the jolts of passing out of a feudal era into the twentieth century, the ancient principles of yin and yang still provide the jagged thread with which to attach the modern Chinese culture to the ancient one. This integration of opposing forces causes the pendulum to swing in any cross section of both material and nonmaterial form. Although this idiosyncratic leitmotiv is often to be found locked in a state of contradiction (the antithesis), the principles nevertheless provide a flexible structure and the leeway for change; as Chinese history has proven that rigidity most often results in decline and defeat. Moreover, it has provided a base for the growth of knowledge, readily adapting to the Marxist and Maoist methodology of dialectical materialism in this modern era.
by Karen K. Marcus.
M.S.
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Kaji-O'Grady, Sandra 1965. "Serialism in art and architecture : context and theory." Monash University, School of Literary, Visual and Performance Studies, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9120.

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Whiting, Sarah. "The jungle in the clearing : space, form and democracy in America, 1940-1949." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8748.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2001.
"February 2001."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 237-248).
Combining aesthetic theory with theories of the public sphere, this dissertation examines the brief appearance of a publicly empathetic civic realm in the United States during the 1940s. The argument begins with a reevaluation of the debate over monumentality initiated in modernist architectural circles, which included such figures as Sigfried Giedion, Lewis Mumford, Henry-Russell Hitchcock, and Philip Johnson. Centering on the city, this debate recast monumentality in terms more progressive than commemorative; it posited open-ended architectural and urban strategies that offered a non-restrictive yet sympathetic public resonance. If empathy is understood as the viewer's physical and psychological engagement with an object, then the 'publicly empathetic' collects and communicates the public 's individualized engagements. The term 'publicly empathetic' underscores the distinction between totalitarian consensus, exemplified by the modernism of Mussolini's fascist Italy, and what Alexis de Tocqueville identified in 1835 as America's collective individualism, which persisted in the 1940s under the umbrella of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. Springboarding from Ernst Cassirer and Susanne Langer's philosophies of symbolic form as unconsummated symbol, I argue that the modernism of this period did not define the public but rather expressed architecture's publicness through the recasting of form, programming, and modernism's public mandate. The chapters of this dissertation examine in turn the texts, projects and urbanism of this empathetic modernism. The projects constituting this realm are both public and private in nature; they include Charles Franklin and ...
by Sarah Whiting.
Ph.D.
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Baumer, Andreas. "Urban rejuvenation : a contemporary urban topology for the information age." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1137647.

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A changing perception based on the appreciation for information in our era allows a broader idea and different understanding of life as a system driven by the flow of information. Simultaneously, our understanding of 'the' urban was broadened. It enabled us to perceive urban structures as living organisms beyond their physical manifestation and separated from human control. Like species, our cities are great products of evolutionary forces and contain invaluable information worth preserving.When writing about urban spaces, urban is understood as a system which is constituted not so much by built forms and infrastructures, but as a heterogeneous field that is constituted by intervention and lines of forces and action. These lines form the coordinates of an urban topology that is not based on the human body and its movements in space alone, but also on relational acts and events within the urban system. These relational acts can be economic, political, technological or tectonic processes, as well as acts of communication. The urban is therefore quite different from the physically defined spaces of events and movements.The focal point of this paper is to explore the relationship between the spaces of movement, the spaces of events and the relational systemic 'spaces'. It will be attempted to identify fundamental processes behind urban design. Rules are derived from connective principles in complexity theory, systems theory, pattern recognition, and artificial intelligence.
Department of Architecture
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Sharp, Leslie N. "Women shaping shelter." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7268.

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Cheng, Christina Miu Bing, and 鄭妙冰. "Postmodernism: art and architecture in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949861.

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YAKUSHENKO, Olga. "Building connections, distorting meanings : Soviet architecture and the West, 1953-1979." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/71643.

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Defence date: 26 April 2021
Examining Board: Professor Alexander Etkind (European University Institute); Professor Catriona Kelly (University of Oxford); Professor Pavel Kolář (University of Konstanz); Professor Anatoly Pinsky (University of Helsinki)
The transnational history of the Soviet Union often goes against everything we know as citizens of the post-Soviet world. We are used to imagining the Iron Curtain as an impermeable obstacle and any meaningful connection between the Soviet Union and the rest of the world as clandestine, unofficial, and potentially subversive. But it was not always the case. I wish to open my thesis with a short dramatic exposition from the memoir of one of the protagonists of my thesis, the Soviet architect Felix Novikov: Soon [after the speech against the extravagances in architecture in 1953] the architectural bosses went abroad in search for examples worthy of emulation. The head of the Union of architects of the USSR, Pavel Abrosimov, left for Italy, Aleksandr Vlasov went to the US, Iosif Loveĭko who, in his absence became the chief architect of Moscow, left for France. After, each of them gave a talk about his impressions to the colleagues in the overcrowded lecture hall of the Central House of Architects. A year after the “historical” (without irony) speech the Party and government decree “On the elimination of extravagances in housing design and construction” appeared […] in the text of this document were such lines: “Obligate (the list of responsible organizations followed )… to be more daring in assimilation of the best achievements… of foreign construction.” The true “reconstruction” resulted in architecture that I call Soviet modernism started from this moment.”
Chapter 4 ‘Anatole Kopp: Enchanted by the Soviet' of the PhD thesis draws upon an earlier version published as an article 'Anatole Kopp’s town and revolution as history and a manifesto : a reactualization of Russian constructivism in the West in the 1960s' (2016) in the journal ‘Journal of Art Historiography’
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White, Steven Robert. "A confluence of thinking: The influence of 20th century art history on American landscape architecture." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278634.

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Since beginning my graduate studies in landscape architecture, I have encountered many situations in class in which references to art were used. I discovered a connection in the usage of the jargon of art in landscape architecture study. People, for the most part, do not know what landscape architects do or who we are. In this thesis I will make the case for aligning the profession of landscape architecture with the fine arts and humanities. An art history component in the curriculum and education and training of landscape architects would augment their design and presentation skills in the workplace. I have included the results of a survey questionnaire that I sent to 65 landscape architecture teaching faculty representing 38 landscape architecture programs in the United States. These individuals held either a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree, a Master of Fine Arts degree, or they had a scholarly research interest in art.
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Books on the topic "Architecture and science – history – 20th century"

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Fortin, David Terrance. Architecture and science-fiction film: Philip K. Dick and the spectacle of home. Farnham, Surrey [England]: Ashgate, 2011.

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Abalos, Iñaki. Tower and office: From modernist theory to contemporary practice. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002.

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(Firm), H. P. Kraus. Recent acquisitions in a wide variety of fields: Including art & architecture, natural history, geography & maps, illustrated books including French 20th-century, humanism, classics, Italy, music, judaica, military science, Ireland, emblems, England, Low Countries, law. New York: H. P. Kraus, 1994.

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Anthony, Hyman R., ed. Gentle bridges: Architecture, art and science = Zwischen den Räumen : Architektur, Kunst und Wissenschaft. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser, 2003.

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Kohout, Michal. Prague, 20th century architecture. 2nd ed. Praha: Zlatý řez, 2008.

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Cornelius, Tafel, and Technische Universität München Architekturmuseum, eds. Architectural guide.: 20th century. Basel: Birkhäuser, 1996.

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Ann, Marling Karal, and Centre canadien d'architecture, eds. Designing Disney's theme parks: The architecture of reassurance. Montréal: Centre canadien d'architecture/Canadian Centre for Architecture, 1997.

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Ibelings, Hans. 20th century architecture in the Netherlands. Rotterdam: NAi, 1995.

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Manahan, Geronimo V. Philippine architecture in the 20th century. San Juan, Metro Manila: Kanlungan, 1994.

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Peel, Lucy. An introduction to 20th-century architecture. London: Apple Press, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Architecture and science – history – 20th century"

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Koetsier, Teun. "Kinematics in the 20th Century." In History of Mechanism and Machine Science, 319–28. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39872-8_19.

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Rao, J. S. "20th Century Graphical and Numerical Methods." In History of Mechanism and Machine Science, 99–114. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1165-5_11.

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Roberts, Adam. "The Early 20th Century, 2: The Pulps." In The History of Science Fiction, 253–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56957-8_10.

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Roberts, Adam. "The Early 20th Century, 1: High Modernist SF." In The History of Science Fiction, 227–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56957-8_9.

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García González, María Cristina. "The Beginning of the Urbanism Teaching in the Schools of Architecture of Madrid and Barcelona." In European Planning History in the 20th Century, 51–61. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003271666-6.

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Roberts, Adam. "Late 20th Century SF: Multimedia, Visual SF and Others." In The History of Science Fiction, 463–78. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56957-8_15.

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Jaeger, Lars. "The Architecture of Life is Decoded—How the “Science Clowns” Watson and Crick Ended a Decades-Long Quest." In The Stumbling Progress of 20th Century Science, 181–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09618-1_10.

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Costa Agarez, R. "From form to words: Knowledge transfer vehicles in late-20th-century Portuguese modern architecture." In History of Construction Cultures, 774–79. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-213.

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Costa Agarez, R. "From form to words: Knowledge transfer vehicles in late-20th-century Portuguese modern architecture." In History of Construction Cultures, 774–79. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-205.

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Xin, Qi. "The Impact of Science and Technology on Culture." In A Brief History of Human Culture in the 20th Century, 89–121. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9973-2_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Architecture and science – history – 20th century"

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Pereira, Susana, Bruno Figueiredo, and Paulo Mendonca. "Thermal and Natural Light Comfort Analysis of Bouça Social Housing Development in Porto, Portugal." In 2023 8th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Materials Science & 2023 9th International Conference on Architecture, Materials and Construction. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-7fk5m2.

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Performative architecture suppose synergy between both functional and formal aspects of architectural design. Considering these aspects as distinct from each other may result in an architectural expression where the functional and technical aspects are merely an afterthought, added in the final stage to comply with regulations and standards. A more comprehensive approach to design considers its performance in all stages of the design process, integrating the technical and aesthetic aspects. This research intends to reassert the role of designers in ensuring the performance of buildings by integrating actively simulation software in the design process. Climate Studio and Rhinoceros 3D were used to analyse the daylight and thermal performance of the case study that supports this research. The architectural field is undergoing a transformation through the growing integration of digital and computational tools, experiencing a shift in the architectural design process. Since the 1970s, computer-based modelling and simulation software have been employed to analyze the performance of buildings. Currently, due to the progress in both hardware and software, simulation tools are extensively available and can be integrated into various stages of the design process. The housing complex of Bouça Residents' Association results from a notable initiative that aimed to offer comfortable and affordable housing to individuals residing in the informal communities known as "ilhas" in Porto. Designed by Álvaro Siza Vieira, the project represents a pivotal moment in the 20th-century Portuguese social housing experiments and stands out as a significant milestone in the history of Portuguese architecture. This study examines various design alternatives, building upon the existing case study, to explore the benefits of integrating modelling and simulation software to evaluate and enhance their performance.
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Tleubekova, G. "Late 19th – early 20th century European travelers account of the nomadic people of Central Asia." In Scientific dialogue: Questions of philosophy, sociology, history, political science. ЦНК МОАН, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-01-07-2020-05.

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Frolov, S. V. "THE HISTORY OF EVERYDAY LIFE BASED ON MATERIALS OF THE KHARKOV NEWSPAPER PERIODICAL OF THE BEGIN OF 20TH CENTURY." In HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, AND SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE 21ST CENTURY. Izdevnieciba “Baltija Publishing”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-343-9-5.

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Meng, Fanwei, and Joaquín Ángel Martínez Moya. "The architecture of the early 20th century in the cities of Harbin (China) and Castelló (Spain)." In HEDIT 2024 - International Congress for Heritage Digital Technologies and Tourism Management. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/hedit2024.2024.17523.

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This research focuses on the historical and architectural analysis of Harbin City, especially on the interpretation of this urban space through historical traces, taking Lao Ding Feng architecture as an example. Much of the history of the city focuses on the Russian and Japanese invasions, so such aspects as architectural styles and the construction of the railway are attributed to the occupation of these countries, more especially to the Russian occupation. The research presents a qualitative methodology and bibliographic review of the baroque-style buildings found in Harbin, which reveals that many buildings today have endured over time and become one of the historical monuments of the city.
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Pastushenko, L. A. "THE PROBLEM OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICS AND RELIGION: THE VIEW OF KYIV ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHERS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY." In HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, AND SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE 21ST CENTURY. Izdevnieciba “Baltija Publishing”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-343-9-17.

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Stieglitz, Margarita. "Peculiarities of Stylistic Evolution of Mid-19th — Early 20th Century St. Petersburg Industrial Architecture." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icassee-18.2018.90.

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Putra, Arga, Kemas Kurniawan, and Yulia Lukito. "Lost in Transition : Empathy, Architecture, and Traditionality in the Early 20th Century of Dutch Indies." In Proceedings of the 2019 Ahmad Dahlan International Conference Series on Education & Learning, Social Science & Humanities (ADICS-ELSSH 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/adics-elssh-19.2019.23.

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Costa, Mateus Magalhães Soares da, João Pedro de Sá Pereira, and Laura Victória Miranda Silveira. "History of neurology in São Paulo at the first half of the 20th century: a systematic review." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.611.

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Neurology in São Paulo was initiated at the beginning of the XX century, with the creation of the Paulista School of Medicine. This article aims to analyze the emergence of Neurology in the state of São Paulo and the influences it received. To this end, we conducted a systematic search in an electronic database, Scielo. In this context, in the 20th century, neurology studied in São Paulo was greatly influenced by the science practiced in France, since in 1882 the specialty was initiated at the University of Paris. Discussions about the diseases in this area were discussed at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia in São Paulo. Another important place for the development of neurology in São Paulo was the creation of the neuropathology and cerebrospinal fluid laboratory, in 1924, at the Hospital de Juqueri. In the 1920s, the teaching of clinical neurology was created at the Faculty of Medicine by Enjolras Vampré, known as the father of neurology in São Paulo. In the 1930s, there were major changes in the areas of brain pathology, diagnosis of diseases that affect the central nervous system, and therapy. All of this was used at Hospital de Juqueri and Faculdade Paulista de Medicina. Among the prominent methods used were pneumoencephalography, cerebral arteriography, and cerebral leucotomy. Some literary works were fundamental for the dissemination of knowledge of Neurology in the society of São Paulo, namely “Memories of the Hospital of Juqueri” from 1924 and “Archives of Assistance to Psychopaths” from 1936. Neurology underwent a major evolution at the end of the first half of the twentieth century, however, it became expensive and inaccessible to a large part of the population, especially at a time before the creation of the Unified Health System, making the poorest marginalized concerning the treatment of neurological diseases that affected the society of São Paulo at the time.
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Kärnell, Samuel. "The History and Future of Fluid Power Pumps and Motors." In Workshop on Innovative Engineering for Fluid Power. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp196007.

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Positive displacement pumps have been around for thousands of years, but it was first in the beginning of the 19th century they started to be used for power transmission purposes. At that time, the fluid was water, and the applications were primarily presses. During the century, the technology developed and towards its end, fluid power systems were used to transmit power to hundreds or even thousands of consumers within several cities. However, in the 20th century, these large-scale fluid power transmission systems were outcompeted by the electric grid. But at the same time, the focus for fluid power was shifted towards self-contained, oil-based systems, which were suitable in many mobile applications powered by combustion engines. Once again, fluid power systems are now undergoing a transition. This especially apply to mobile applications, where combustion engines are being replaced by electric motors. This puts new requirements on the hydraulic systems as well as the pumps and motors that are to be used. Electrification means increased focus on energy efficiency, and speed-control becomes more relevant than before. New system designs are therefore highly relevant. Depending on the architecture that is chosen, different requirements will be set on the pumps and motors. Aspects such as multi-mode operation, high- and low-speed performance, and displacement control will be discussed in this paper.
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Fries-Briggs, Gabriel. "Device-Media-Architecture: Julia Child’s Kitchens." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.32.

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This paper traces a lineage of device-as-architecture through the mediatization of Julia Child’s kitchens. A historical survey of the changes to her kitchen and its relationship to interior design during the latter half of the 20th century suggest a reading of interior architecture not as a means to house new technology but rather as composed by technology and devices. Counter to Ryener Banham’s projection of a future where interior technologies give shape to an architectural exterior, Child’s kitchen reflects a growing trend in the second half of the 20th century in which tool-based clutter and the interior’s autonomy from the exterior, best characterized by the storage-accumulation aesthetics of lofts and garages, dominated. Rather than necessarily limiting the role of the architect to exterior form, the elevation of gadgets, gizmos, and devices to the status of architecture opened up the possibility for a functional user-driven design agency. Analysis of the kitchen backdrops that served as sets for her various cooking shows as well as the cataloging and installation of her kitchen in the Smithsonian Museum of American History reveal an evolution of architectural interiors that shifted with her own identity and paralleled shifting domestic aesthetics away from minimalism, modernism, and post-World War II home automation. This examination of Julia Child’s kitchens frame a narrative of domestic design beginning in the 1960s when tools and technology were increasingly seen as the backbone of a new ecological or environmental society. Julia Child’s display of functional clutter took part in popularizing a new craft aesthetic where tools were prominently displayed and often collectively used. The images of her kitchen, spanning four decades, provide a context for changing cultural and architectural discourse in relation to the aesthetics of function, devices, media, and attitudes toward preservation.
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Reports on the topic "Architecture and science – history – 20th century"

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Jiang, Xiaowei, and John Cherry. History and Hydraulics of Flowing Wells. The Groundwater Project, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/cpet1503.

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Because flowing wells are spectacular visual evidence of groundwater occurrence, they became the impetus for both qualitative and quantitative groundwater science. The pursuit of answers to fundamental questions generated by flowing wells in confined aquifers bounded by aquitards moved the science forward for more than a century until pumping became the main form of groundwater development. Since the turn of the 20th century, flowing wells in unconfined aquifers were an impetus for the paradigm shift from aquitard-bound flow to cross-formational flow driven by topography. In this book, the histories of drilling flowing wells in France, the US, Canada, and China—which led to important findings on hydraulics of flowing wells—are summarized. The occurrence of flowing wells in confined aquifers, unconfined aquifers and semi-confined aquifers are demonstrated by showing the corresponding forms of topography-driven groundwater flow from recharge to discharge areas in different aquifers. This book introduces classic models of steady-state and transient discharge rates from flowing wells without considering basinal groundwater flow fields as proposed by Dupuit (1863), Jacob and Lohman (1952), and Hantush (1959). Recent models of transient and steady-state discharge rates of flowing wells that consider basinal groundwater flow fields—which led to a clear understanding of sources of water derived in flowing wells—are also introduced. By providing a comprehensive description of flowing wells, this book is useful not only to understanding hydraulics of flowing wells, but also to understanding the history of groundwater science.
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