Relevant bibliographies by topics / Architecture and climate – Canada

Academic literature on the topic 'Architecture and climate – Canada'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Architecture and climate – Canada"

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Defrenne, Camille E., M. Luke McCormack, W. Jean Roach, Shalom D. Addo-Danso, and Suzanne W. Simard. "Intraspecific Fine-Root Trait-Environment Relationships across Interior Douglas-Fir Forests of Western Canada." Plants 8, no. 7 (June 30, 2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8070199.

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Variation in resource acquisition strategies enables plants to adapt to different environments and may partly determine their responses to climate change. However, little is known about how belowground plant traits vary across climate and soil gradients. Focusing on interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) in western Canada, we tested whether fine-root traits relate to the environment at the intraspecific level. We quantified the variation in commonly measured functional root traits (morphological, chemical, and architectural traits) among the first three fine-root orders (i.e., absorptive fine roots) and across biogeographic gradients in climate and soil factors. Moderate but consistent trait-environment linkages occurred across populations of Douglas-fir, despite high levels of within-site variation. Shifts in morphological traits across regions were decoupled from those in chemical traits. Fine roots in colder/drier climates were characterized by a lower tissue density, higher specific area, larger diameter, and lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratio than those in warmer/wetter climates. Our results showed that Douglas-fir fine roots do not rely on adjustments in architectural traits to adapt rooting strategies in different environments. Intraspecific fine-root adjustments at the regional scale do not fit along a single axis of root economic strategy and are concordant with an increase in root acquisitive potential in colder/drier environments.
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Debicka, Elizabeth, and Avi Friedman. "Flexible Design of Public Housing in Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada." Open House International 34, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2009-b0004.

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Public housing delivered in the Canadian Arctic has been ill-adapted to the social and cultural realities of Inuit communities and to northern climate. Inadequate consultation has resulted in dwellings that fails to adapt to the needs of growing families, impedes the ability of residents to engage in land-based activities, and is inappropriate for local climate. This paper examines how a user-led, flexible approach can help tailor the design of new public homes to the needs of the local housing authority and future occupants. Flexibility is incorporated into the pre-occupancy, post-occupancy and refurbishment stages of the units life-cycle, ensuring that they can be easily adapted over time. A menu of interior and exterior design components has been developed for selection by all stakeholders. The redevelopment of Widow's Row, in Iqaluit, Nunavut demonstrates how appropriate design can play a pivotal role in addressing the housing crisis.
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MacLachlan, Ian R., Tegan K. McDonald, Brandon M. Lind, Loren H. Rieseberg, Sam Yeaman, and Sally N. Aitken. "Genome-wide shifts in climate-related variation underpin responses to selective breeding in a widespread conifer." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 10 (March 1, 2021): e2016900118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016900118.

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Locally adapted temperate tree populations exhibit genetic trade-offs among climate-related traits that can be exacerbated by selective breeding and are challenging to manage under climate change. To inform climatically adaptive forest management, we investigated the genetic architecture and impacts of selective breeding on four climate-related traits in 105 natural and 20 selectively bred lodgepole pine populations from western Canada. Growth, cold injury, growth initiation, and growth cessation phenotypes were tested for associations with 18,600 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in natural populations to identify “positive effect alleles” (PEAs). The effects of artificial selection for faster growth on the frequency of PEAs associated with each trait were quantified in breeding populations from different climates. Substantial shifts in PEA proportions and frequencies were observed across many loci after two generations of selective breeding for height, and responses of phenology-associated PEAs differed strongly among climatic regions. Extensive genetic overlap was evident among traits. Alleles most strongly associated with greater height were often associated with greater cold injury and delayed phenology, although it is unclear whether potential trade-offs arose directly from pleiotropy or indirectly via genetic linkage. Modest variation in multilocus PEA frequencies among populations was associated with large phenotypic differences and strong climatic gradients, providing support for assisted gene flow polices. Relationships among genotypes, phenotypes, and climate in natural populations were maintained or strengthened by selective breeding. However, future adaptive phenotypes and assisted gene flow may be compromised if selective breeding further increases the PEA frequencies of SNPs involved in adaptive trade-offs among climate-related traits.
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Conroy, Alison, Phalguni Mukhopadhyaya, and Guido Wimmers. "In-Situ and Predicted Performance of a Certified Industrial Passive House Building under Future Climate Scenarios." Buildings 11, no. 10 (October 4, 2021): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11100457.

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The Wood Innovation Research Lab was designed as a low energy-use building to facilitate the construction and testing of engineered wood products by the faculty and staff of the Master of Engineering in Integrated Wood Design Program at the University of Northern British Columbia in Prince George, BC, Canada. Constructed using a 533 mm thick-wall and 659 mm flat roof assembly, it received certification as Canada’s first industrial facility built to the International Passive House standard. Temperature and humidity sensors were installed in the north and south exterior wall assemblies to measure long-term hygrothermal performance. Data collected between 2018–2020 shows no record of long-term moisture accumulation within the exterior assemblies. Data collected during this time period was used to validate hygrothermal performance models for the building created using the WUFI® Plus software. Long-term performance models created using future climate data for five cities across Canada under two global warming scenarios shows favorable results, with an increase in average annual temperatures resulting in lower average relative humidity values at the interior face of the exterior sheathing board in the exterior wall assemblies.
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Anderson, Vidya, and William A. Gough. "Enabling Nature-Based Solutions to Build Back Better—An Environmental Regulatory Impact Analysis of Green Infrastructure in Ontario, Canada." Buildings 12, no. 1 (January 8, 2022): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12010061.

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The application of green infrastructure in the built environment delivers a nature-based solution to address the impacts of climate change. This study presents a qualitative evidence synthesis that evaluates policy instruments which enable the use and implementation of green infrastructure, using Ontario, Canada as a case study. Unpacking the elements of the policy landscape that govern green infrastructure through environmental regulatory impact analysis can inform effective implementation of this nature-based solution and support decision-making in public policy. This environmental regulatory impact analysis is based on a systematic review of existing policy instruments, contextual framing in a continuum of coercion, and identification of alignment with relevant UN SDGs. Enabling widespread usage of green infrastructure in the built environment could be a viable strategy to build back better, localize the UN SDGs, and address multiple climate change impacts.
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Verderber, Stephen, Jake Pauls Wolf, and Erik Skouris. "Indigenous Ecohumanist Architecture for Health in Canada’s Far North." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, no. 4 (June 22, 2020): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586720933176.

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Background: Circumpolar nations are experiencing unprecedented environmental and public health policy challenges due to global climate change, exploitation of nonrenewable natural resources, the endangerment of myriad wildlife species, and growing sovereignty disputes. In a call to action, the Arctic states’ health ministers recently signed a declaration identifying shared priorities for mutual international cooperation. Among agreed-upon collaborations, an enhancement of intercultural understanding and promotion of culturally appropriate healthcare delivery systems is to be of high priority going forward. Purpose and Aim: In far north Canada, health policies perpetuated for generations upon indigenous communities have, traditionally, often had adverse consequences for the medically underserved inhabitants of these communities. This discussion addresses the cultural disconnect between the colonial era and current indigenous, decolonialist health and healing design strategies. Method and Result: In response, two architectural design case studies are presented that synthesize ecological site planning precepts with salutogenic architectural design attributes—a behavioral health and substance abuse residential treatment center and three elderhousing prototypes for construction in Canada’s Northwest Territories. Conclusion: This conceptual synthesis is practicable, transferable, and adaptable to varied, extreme climatic conditions, as reflective of best practices in the delivery of healthcare facilities that express a synthesis of ecohumanist and salutogenic values and methodologies. The discussion concludes with a call for empathic, evidence-based collaboration and research that further examines the blending together of prefabricated off-site construction with on-site construction approaches.
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Marchand, Jean-Philippe, Thomas Buffin-Bélanger, Bernard Hétu, and Guillaume St-Onge. "Stratigraphy and infill history of the glacially eroded Matane River Valley, eastern Quebec, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51, no. 2 (February 2014): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2013-0054.

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Terraces in the lower Matane River Valley (eastern Quebec, Canada) were studied to describe the stratigraphic architecture of a glacially eroded valley fill. The Matane River Valley hosted a glacial tongue connected with a regional ice cap during the early opening of a calving bay in the modern St. Lawrence Estuary and was subsequently flooded by the Goldthwait Sea as the Laurentide Ice Sheet margin retreated. Stratigraphic, sedimentological, light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and geochemical analyses as well as radiocarbon measurements allowed the identification of four stratigraphic units deposited during and following deglaciation: glacial outwash (unit I), delta bottomsets (unit II), delta foresets (unit III), and fluvial deposits (unit IV). Stable isotope (13C) and C/N ratio values reveal the relative influence of the two end-members (algae and terrestrial plants) on organic matter sources between the stratigraphic units. Climate, major relative sea level fluctuations, and sediment yield are recognized as the main controls on depositional environments in glacially eroded valleys of the northern shore of the Gaspé Peninsula during the Holocene. This paper presents a model of the evolution of the Matane River Valley, which in many points is similar to existing conceptual fjord-valley fill models.
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Bansal, Naman, Maurice Defo, and Michael A. Lacasse. "Application of Support Vector Regression to the Prediction of the Long-Term Impacts of Climate Change on the Moisture Performance of Wood Frame and Massive Timber Walls." Buildings 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11050188.

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The objective of this study was to explore the potential of a machine learning algorithm, the Support Vector Machine Regression (SVR), to forecast long-term hygrothermal responses and the moisture performance of light wood frame and massive timber walls. Hygrothermal simulations were performed using a 31-year long series of climate data in three cities across Canada. Then, the first 5 years of the series were used in each case to train the model, which was then used to forecast the hygrothermal responses (temperature and relative humidity) and moisture performance indicator (mold growth index) for the remaining years of the series. The location of interest was the exterior layer of the OSB and cross-laminated timber in the case of the wood frame wall and massive timber wall, respectively. A sliding window approach was used to incorporate the dependence of the hygrothermal response on the past climatic conditions, which allowed SVR to capture time, implicitly. The variable selection was performed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, which revealed wind-driven rain, relative humidity, temperature, and direct radiation as the most contributing climate variables. The results show that SVR can be effectively used to forecast hygrothermal responses and moisture performance on a long climate data series for most of the cases studied. In some cases, discrepancies were observed due to the lack of capturing the full range of variability of climate variables during the first 5 years.
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Chen, Han Y. H., Karel Klinka, and Gordon J. Kayahara. "Effects of light on growth, crown architecture, and specific leaf area for naturally established Pinuscontorta var. latifolia and Pseudotsugamenziesii var. glauca saplings." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 7 (July 1, 1996): 1149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-128.

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We studied growth, crown architecture, and specific leaf area acclimation of a shade-intolerant species, Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm., and a moderately shade-tolerant species, Pseudotsugamenziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco, using naturally regenerated saplings along a wide range of light conditions. Study sites were located within a dry-summer, cool-temperate climate represented by the Dry Cool Interior Douglas-fir biogeoclimatic subzone near Williams Lake, British Columbia, Canada. In an open light environment, Pinuscontorta had a greater growth increment in both terminal and lateral shoots than did Pseudotsugamenziesii. With decreasing light availability (i) terminal increment, mean lateral increment, and total lateral increment decreased in both species (although Pinuscontorta reduced lateral growth significantly faster than Pseudotsugamenziesii); (ii) the ratio of mean lateral to terminal increment in Pinuscontorta did not change, but significantly increased in Pseudotsugamenziesii; (iii) the ratio of total lateral to terminal increment in Pinuscontorta decreased, but increased in Pseudotsugamenziesii; and (iv) specific leaf area in both species increased (in Pseudotsugamenziesii, it was always higher and increased marginally faster than in Pinuscontorta). We concluded that the less shade-tolerant Pinuscontorta was less plastic in crown architecture and specific leaf area than the more shade-tolerant Pseudotsugamenziesii.
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Harrison, Dominica, Fabio Cabrera De Leo, Warren J. Gallin, Farin Mir, Simone Marini, and Sally P. Leys. "Machine Learning Applications of Convolutional Neural Networks and Unet Architecture to Predict and Classify Demosponge Behavior." Water 13, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 2512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182512.

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Biological data sets are increasingly becoming information-dense, making it effective to use a computer science-based analysis. We used convolution neural networks (CNN) and the specific CNN architecture Unet to study sponge behavior over time. We analyzed a large time series of hourly high-resolution still images of a marine sponge, Suberites concinnus (Demospongiae, Suberitidae) captured between 2012 and 2015 using the NEPTUNE seafloor cabled observatory, off the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada. We applied semantic segmentation with the Unet architecture with some modifications, including adapting parts of the architecture to be more applicable to three-channel images (RGB). Some alterations that made this model successful were the use of a dice-loss coefficient, Adam optimizer and a dropout function after each convolutional layer which provided losses, accuracies and dice scores of up to 0.03, 0.98 and 0.97, respectively. The model was tested with five-fold cross-validation. This study is a first step towards analyzing trends in the behavior of a demosponge in an environment that experiences severe seasonal and inter-annual changes in climate. The end objective is to correlate changes in sponge size (activity) over seasons and years with environmental variables collected from the same observatory platform. Our work provides a roadmap for others who seek to cross the interdisciplinary boundaries between biology and computer science.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Architecture and climate – Canada"

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Kayser, Nadine Mader. "Sedimentology and sediment distribution of upper Triassic fluvio-aeolian reservoirs on a regional scale (Central Algeria, SW Morocco, NE Canada) : an integrated approach unravelling the influence of climate versus tectonics on reservoir architecture." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635557.

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The Upper Triassic of North Africa contains a number of extensive sandstone units, which are important hydrocarbon reservoirs in Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. The stratigraphic subdivision of the Triassic reservoirs (TAGI- Triassic Argilo-Gréseux Inférieur) in the main Algerian fields is currently adequate for initial field development. However, doubts exist with regard to chronostratigraphic equivalence of reservoir zones and the identification of key bounding surfaces from field to field. A major problem is the definition of sequence boundaries in continental settings that are detached from direct effects of sea-level changes lacking biostratigraphic control. An accurate method of dating and correlating these sediments is therefore required in order to provide a refined stratigraphic and sedimentological model. Attempting to address these correlation problems, the influence of climate on sedimentation and cyclicity was introduced as an alternative method in order to link continental sequence. The influence of climate has increasingly been recognised as a control on runoff and sediment input into siliciclastic basins (e.g. Perlmutter & Matthews, 1989; 1990; Olsen, 1990; Clemmensen et al., 1994). Furthermore, the Upper Triassic documents an era when vast amounts of land were elevated and subjected to the direct effect of extreme climatic regimes driving sedimentation on the mega-continent. This study of Carnian-Norian continental fluvio-aeolian successions therefore tests the hypothesis whether sediment deposition in low palaeolatitudes of around 10 to 25° N on Pangaea was driven by mega-monsoonal oscillations (sensu Kutzbach & Gallimore, 1989). The study is based on the comparison of time- and facies-equivalent siliciclastic deposits within geographically separate basins integrating outcrop and subsurface data from the Agadir-Essaouira Basins (SW Morocco), the Fundy Basin (E Canada) and subsurface data from the Berkine Basin (Central Algeria). Comparable outcrop and subsurface studies have been undertaken with the ultimate aim of (1) providing analogues for the prolific TAGI (Triassic Argilo-Gréseux Inférieur) of the main Algerian fields; (2) correlating major climatic periods on a regional scale; in order to introduce a semi-chronostratigraphic component; and to (3) consequently assess the temporal and spatial distribution of these prolific fluvio-aeolian reservoir sandstones on a regional scale.
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Gautam, Avinash. "Climate responsive vernacular architecture : Jharkhand, India." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/990.

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PRUM, Virak. "Canada and Climate Change: The Game Has Just Begun." 名古屋大学大学院法学研究科, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10651.

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Dowbiggin, Anna. "Climate risk perceptions in the Ontario (Canada) electricity sector." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3350.

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This thesis examines management cognition of climate risks in the electricity sector in Ontario (Canada). Risk perception literature is combined with corporate adaptation and risk management literature to offer a broad conceptual framework of climate risk readiness among power producers and utilities. This research aims to move management cognition of climate change past prior contributions which considered climate risk as being solely physical in nature. In this work, eight exogenous and endogenous factors relating to climate risk are examined for their influence on how management may view a wider spectrum of climate change impacts. Using an inductive research approach, 20 in depth case studies explore how electricity executives/senior managers perceive those risks using construct elicitation (repertory grid technique). Findings are triangulated with a narrative analysis of their corporate reportage of climate risks, to gain deeper insight into the complex phenomena of climate risks for the sector. Findings show some similarities and some appreciable differences in both groups’ view of climate risks despite their legitimately contending positions in industry. Overall both power producers and utilities are predominantly concerned with risk analysis and assessment of climate related risks, and less with risk response, suggesting at present the sector remains in an analytical state. The potential benefits of this research approach will provide useful insights to multiple groups including managers and policy makers.
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Ginsburg, Alexander David. "Climate Change and Culture Change in Salluit, Quebec, Canada." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12166.

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xiv, 143 p.
The amplified effects of climate change in the Arctic are well known and, according to many commentators, endanger Inuit cultural integrity. However, the specific connections between climate change and cultural change are understudied. This thesis explores the relationship between climatic shifts and culture in the Inuit community of Salluit, Quebec, Canada. Although residents of Salluit are acutely aware of climate change in their region and have developed causal explanations for the phenomenon, most Salluit residents do not characterize climate change as a threat to Inuit culture. Instead, they highlight the damaging impacts of globalization and internal colonialism as a more serious problem. This counter-narrative suggests that focusing narrowly on climate change can obscure the broader and more immediate challenges facing Inuit communities. Such a realization demonstrates the need for researchers to locate climate change within a matrix of non-climatic challenges in order to mitigate threats to indigenous cultures.
Committee in charge: Susan W. Hardwick, Chairperson; Alexander B. Murphy, Chairperson; Michael Hibbard, Member
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Hill, Jenna Catherine. "Continental margin architecture sea level and climate /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3258373.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed May 29, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Stratton, Tana Lowen. "Modeling boreal forest response to climate variability in central Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28112.

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This study examines the importance of short-term climate variability when simulating forest succession using ecological process models. A version of the FORSKA2 forest gap model was modified for use with daily climate data and applied along a transect of sites crossing the boreal region in central Canada, including the aspen-parkland and forest-tundra ecotones where impacts of climatic change on forest ecosystems could be particularly significant. The model's sensitivity to forcing with daily climate observations compared to monthly mean and long term averages of monthly mean climate data was investigated. Inclusion of daily climate (minimum and maximum temperature and total precipitation) improved the simulations of key characteristics of present-day forest along the transect, and was particularly important at the ecotones. The results demonstrate that changes in variability associated with future change in mean climate are likely to be important when trying to predict boreal forest responses to projected future climate change. Ideally, the use of projected daily climate data or data based on the statistical characteristics of daily climate is highly recommended for future impact studies. A number of approaches to further improve the functioning of the model are also presented.
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Belfry, Munroe Kaija. "Risk and advantage in a changing climate : business preferences for climate change policy instruments in Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42421.

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How do major business associations and firms determine their preferences for public policy instruments? This dissertation examines the puzzling case of business preferences for climate change policy instruments in Canada in which businesses supported a carbon price over cheaper voluntary policy instruments. It presents the findings of a qualitative study that included 13 major industrial associations (representing chemicals, gas refiners, petroleum producers, natural gas, forestry, mining, steel, vehicle manufacturers, electricity, aluminum, cement, railways and the chief executives) and 17 firms in the cement, oil and gas, and forestry industries. The study found that, in 2008 and 2009, participating firms and associations were strongly in favour of a carbon price – either a cap-and-trade program or carbon tax – despite the higher costs entailed by these policy instruments for industry when compared to voluntary programs. Moreover, Canadian corporations and business associations shifted their policy instrument preferences almost en masse away from voluntary agreements and subsidies to carbon pricing around the same time in 2006-2007. What explains variation in business preferences for climate change policy instruments in Canada over time and between organizations? This dissertation creates a model of business preferences for climate change policy instruments based on the findings of interviews with firm and association executives, as well as government and environmental NGO officials and consultants working in the environmental policy field. In particular, the model suggests that business officials determine climate change policy preferences by weighing risks to capital investments and external investor concern against the competitive advantages entailed by each policy instrument. As these assessments require predictions about an uncertain future, they are strongly influenced by expectations about future government policy choices. These expectations are in turn influenced by the political context, particularly public opinion, and previous experience with a policy instrument. The model, developed inductively from interview data, is validated in the dissertation using new data from the same case and methods such as process-tracing and falsifiable tests. The model is found to offer a good explanation of business preferences for climate change policy instruments in Canada, and may be generalizable to other areas of public policy.
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Howes, Rosanne. "The temple within : house as symbol of God, self, and body." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22543.

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This thesis examines the house as symbol of God, self, and body. This is a way to explore the expression of individuality both incorporated in, and invoked by the middle-class single family home, particularly for women. The theme, "the temple within," is intended to create a conceptual framework for the identification of activities which give the elements of the house meaning for the occupants. The elements of house, garden, hearth, entrance, windows, attic/stair/cellar, and walls and spaces, are identified through the analysis of primary sources. These are the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation Competition Series stock plans from 1947 to 1963, as well as two suburban homes from the Carlington neighbourhood in Ottawa, Ontario. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the appropriateness of these symbols of home as a vehicle for women's identity of self.
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Doria, Rufa. "Impact of climate change on crop water requirements in Eastern Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104583.

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Crop production is highly dependent upon weather; therefore, future climate change could adversely affect the burgeoning global population. The primary objective of this study was to predict the consequences of climate change on agriculture. Since current climate projections use general circulation models (GCMs) on a global scale, a statistical downscaling model (SDSM) was used to downscale these outputs into a local scale, essential for reliable crop model simulations.By linking predicted changes in local climate to soil properties and crop characteristics through field and laboratory studies, thresholds of soil moisture content for efficient irrigation scheduling were defined, and an irrigation requirements model (IRM) was developed. Using the IRM, irrigation was triggered when soil moisture was 18 or 24 mm for peaches grown in clay and sandy soils, respectively, and was also triggered at 56 mm for grapes grown in clay soils. It was noteworthy that the IRM reduced irrigation needs by 20 to 25% without affecting yield of peaches (50 to 60 kg/tree). Regarding predicted increases in temperatures and variability in precipitation, the SDSM-HadCM3 A2 scenario forecast the greatest increases, namely ~3.5 and ~2.5°C in average monthly maximum and minimum temperatures, respectively, during the growing season, compared to a 1961-1990 base period. Moreover, precipitation events were also predicted to be more frequent (8 to 30%) and intense (10 to 50%) during crop growing months.With these future climate change scenarios, irrigated peach yield could increase 5 to 20%, since actual tree transpiration reached 0.8 kg/h (compared to a maximum of 0.4 kg/h without irrigation). Furthermore, with irrigation, fruit firmness, the best indicator of ripening and predictor of peach storage potential, is expected to improve by 20% over the current value of 340 kPa.The most novel aspect of this study was development of the IRM, and its prediction of optimal irrigation needed to sustain or increase crop yield and quality, and concurrently conserve water.
La production agricole est très dépendante du climat; par conséquent, les futurs changements climatiques globaux pourraient avoir des effets adverses sur la population mondiale en plein essor. L'objectif principal de cette étude était de prédire les conséquences du changement climatique sur l'agriculture. Puisque les projections climatiques actuelles utilisent des modèles de circulation générale à une échelle globale, un modèle statistique de réduction (MSR) a été utilisé pour réduire ces données à l'échelle locale, ce qui est essentiel pour des simulations de production agricole.En reliant les changements du climat locaux prédits (modélisation) aux propriétés du sol et les caractéristiques des cultures (études sur le terrain et en laboratoire), les seuils du contenu en humidité du sol pour la planification d'un horaire d'irrigation efficace ont été définis, et un modèle de besoin en irrigation (MBI) a été développé. En utilisant ce modèle, l'irrigation était déclenchée lorsque l'humidité du sol était de 24 ou 18 mm pour les pêchers croissant en sols sablonneux ou argileux, respectivement, et a été déclenchée à 56 mm pour les vignes croissant en sol argileux. Il était remarquable que le MBI a réduit le besoin en irrigation de 20 to 25% sans affecter le rendement en pêches (50 to 60 kg/arbre).Concernant les augmentations de températures et les variabilités de précipitations prédites, le scénario SDMS-HadCM3 A2 prédit les plus fortes hausses, environ 3.5 et 2.5oC en moyenne pour les températures mensuelles maximum et minimum, respectivement, pendant la saison de croissance (comparé à une période de base 1961-1990). De plus, des précipitations plus fréquentes (8 to 30%) et plus intenses (10 to 50% durant les mois de croissance ont aussi été prédites.Avec ces scénarios de changements climatiques futurs, le rendement en pêches irriguées pourrait augmenter de 5 to 20%, puisque la transpiration des arbres a atteint 0.8 kg/h (comparé à un maximum de 0.4 kg/h sans irrigation). De plus, avec l'irrigation, la fermeté des fruits, le meilleur indicateur du mûrissement et prédicateur du potentiel d'entreposage des pêches, devrait s'améliorer de 20% (valeur actuelle, 340 kPa).L'aspect le plus novateur de cette étude a été le développement du modèle MBI, qui a prédit l'irrigation optimale requise pour maintenir ou augmenter le rendement et la qualité des cultures tout en conservant l'eau.
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Books on the topic "Architecture and climate – Canada"

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Climate and architecture. Oxon [England]: Routledge, 2010.

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Smithson, Alison Margaret. Climate register. London: Architectural Association, 1994.

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Phillips, D. W. The climate of Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Government Publishing Centre, 1990.

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Climate change in Canada. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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Nymark, Alan. Investment climate in Canada. [Canada]: Investment Canada, 1993.

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G, Bailey William, Oke T. R, and Rouse Wayne R, eds. The surface climates of Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1997.

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Paul Gut & Dieter Ackerknecht. Climate responsive building. St. Gallen, Switzerland: SKAT, 1993.

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Canada, Canada Environment, ed. Climate change plan for Canada. [Ottawa]: Govt. of Canada, 2002.

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Canada, Canada Environment. Climate change plan for Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Government of Canada, 2002.

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Canada. Climate change plan for Canada. [Ottawa]: Govt. of Canada, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Architecture and climate – Canada"

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Reist, James D. "Climate." In Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada, edited by Brian W. Coad and James D. Reist, 53–56. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442667297-009.

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Krawchuk, Meg, Kim Lisgo, Shawn Leroux, Pierre Vernier, Steve Cumming, and Fiona Schmiegelow. "Boreal Forest, Canada." In Climate and Conservation, 69–79. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-203-7_6.

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Escudero, David. "A Climate Beyond Filmmaking." In Neorealist Architecture, 11–68. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003278009-3.

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Day, Christopher, and Julie Gwilliam. "Future climate." In Living Architecture, Living Cities, 275–83. New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429488559-23.

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Lawrence, Ranald, and Kevin Fellingham. "Tackling climate change." In Architecture and Resilience, 107–19. New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315159478-8.

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Choquette, Catherine, Dustin Klaudt, and Laura Shay Lynes. "Climate Change Litigation in Canada." In Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law, 153–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46882-8_8.

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O’Keefe, Kowan T. V. "Climate Change Politics in Canada." In ACS Symposium Series, 115–30. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1247.ch009.

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Wigglesworth, Sarah. "Designing For The Climate Emergency." In Architects After Architecture, 38–41. New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003007753-3.

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Mcgregor, Deborah. "16. Reconciliation, Colonization, and Climate Futures." In Policy Transformation in Canada, edited by Peter John Loewen, Carolyn Tuohy, Andrew Potter, and Sophie Borwein, 139–48. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487519865-017.

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Ford, Brian, Rosa Schiano-Phan, and Juan A. Vallejo. "Climate Applicability Mapping." In The Architecture of Natural Cooling, 56–75. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020. | First edition published by PHDC Press 2010.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315210551-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Architecture and climate – Canada"

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Atkinson, Cheryl. "ZERO HOUS[ING] 1:1 Prototype + Process: Collaborative and Experiential Education in the Global Housing and Climate Crisis." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.35.

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Zero Hous[ing] is a recently built energy-neutral midrise housing prototype that investigated alternative sites, and alternative forms of practice and production. It used prefabrication and a carbon-sequestering palette to address the housing affordability and climate crisis. While it was produced and reads as a single-family house— it was designed to work as housing for metropolitan areas. This project considers urban typology, architectural design for aesthetics, function, health and well-being, and innovative construction methodologies to look at this problem from the bottom-up and across sectors. The objective was to build demand with consumers and industry for net-zero energy and carbon-sequestering housing by making a healthy and attractive architecture, creating site location and construction efficiencies, and demonstrating through this built prototype and its life-cycle cost and energy analysis, that it might be accessible to the many rather than the few. We realized this building with custom prefabrication and a deeply integrated design process engaging a cross-disciplinary team of professionals, educators, builders and students in all stages of the work. This project is remarkable for the ambition and scope of its definition of sustainable design (urban design, carbon footprint, energy use and construction methodology) and for its recognition that, in order to change existing paradigms we need to actively interact, and through experiments like this, develop new ways to design, build, and live collaboratively. This educational project integrated architecture, engineering, and business faculty and students at Ryerson University, Toronto Canada and an industry construction/education partner called The Endeavour Centre. We collaborated on this one-to-one scale prototype using Passive House principles, and prefabrication as an ethic. We built it using our industry partner’s team of apprentice carpenters and it is now being enjoyed as a full-time residence for its owner while we monitor its performance.
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Jenewein, Oswald. "Post-Oil Environments: Responsive Design Strategies for Coastal City-Landscapes of Oil." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.4.

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This paper summarizes parts of an interdisciplinary research and design project on climate adaptation strategies on the scale of architecture and the city within the case-study territory of Corpus Christi Bay in South Texas. In particular, this paper assesses the challenges of the emerging process of re-industrialization along the Texas Coast, highlighting significant impacts of industrial growth on the city landscape of Downtown Corpus Christi, which is located directly adjacent to the industrial oil port. A proposed masterplan is shown in this paper to demonstrate how responsive design strategies may benefit post-oil city-landscapes in the age of anthropogenic climate change. The emphasis is storm-water and flood mitigation, walkability, alternative transportation, and urban place-making in response to community input related to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the AIA Framework for Designing for Equitable Communities. Methodologically, this project builds upon a mixed-methods approach. It includes qualitative and quantitative data gathered through Participatory Action Research, a successful tool to connect the research team and students to local communities, stakeholders, and constituents. The paper suggests that this era of re-industrialization needs to be seen as a transformative process that enables the aging city landscape to adapt to both changing ecological conditions and the time after this late oil boom. Urban identity, socio-economic diversity, and healthy conditions for urban ecosystems are essential parameters to inform the development of comprehensive strategies for the built environment. The responsive design strategies shown in this paper pro- pose the implementation of an infrastructural landscape addressing these challenges. The central element of the master plan is a canal that serves multiple purposes, including disaster preparation and response infrastructure, stormwater management, and alternative transportation for inner-city and city-to-city connections, has been developed to adapt Downtown Corpus Christi to the projected ecological changes.
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Bonakdari, Hossein, Hamid Golabi, and Bahram Gharabaghi. "Effect of climate change on the comfortable climate (case study: Quebec City, Canada)." In Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress From Snow to Sea. Spain: International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/iahr-39wc2521711920221116.

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Oprisan, Morel, and Stelios Pneumaticos. "Potential for Electricity Generation from Emerging Renewable Sources in Canada." In 2006 IEEE EIC Climate Change Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eicccc.2006.277192.

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Wong, Bill, Aart Snijders, and Larry McClung. "Recent Inter-seasonal Underground Thermal Energy Storage Applications in Canada." In 2006 IEEE EIC Climate Change Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eicccc.2006.277232.

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Jean-Marie Aerts. "Virtual Animals as a basis for Climate Control Design." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16762.

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T. L. Culbertson and S.L. Hutchinson. "Assessing Bioretention Cell Function in a Midwest Continental Climate." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17124.

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Marincic, I., J. M. Ochoa, and M. G. Alpuche. "Passive house for a desert climate." In ECO-ARCHITECTURE 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/arc140021.

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Yevdokimov, Yuri. "Modeling Climate Change Impacts on Freight Transportation in Atlantic Canada." In Sixth International Conference of Traffic and Transportation Studies Congress (ICTTS). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40995(322)29.

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Kulshreshtha, S., and C. Nagy. "Future agricultural water demand under climate change in Saskatchewan, Canada." In SUSTAINABLE IRRIGATION 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/si140161.

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Reports on the topic "Architecture and climate – Canada"

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Battye, William. Climate finance architecture: mapping green growth services. Evidence on Demand, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd.june2016.battyew.

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Jaffe, Judson, and Robert Stavins. Linkage of Tradable Permit Systems in International Climate Policy Architecture. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14432.

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Smith, M. W. Climate of Canada [Chapter 9: a Survey of Geomorphic Processes in Canada]. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/131638.

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Russell, H. A. J., and S. K. Frey. Canada One Water: integrated groundwater-surface-water-climate modelling for climate change adaptation. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329092.

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Canada 1 Water is a 3-year governmental multi-department-private-sector-academic collaboration to model the groundwater-surface-water of Canada coupled with historic climate and climate scenario input. To address this challenge continental Canada has been allocated to one of 6 large watershed basins of approximately two million km2. The model domains are based on natural watershed boundaries and include approximately 1 million km2 of the United States. In year one (2020-2021) data assembly and validation of some 20 datasets (layers) is the focus of work along with conceptual model development. To support analysis of the entire water balance the modelling framework consists of three distinct components and modelling software. Land Surface modelling with the Community Land Model will support information needed for both the regional climate modelling using the Weather Research & Forecasting model (WRF), and input to HydroGeoSphere for groundwater-surface-water modelling. The inclusion of the transboundary watersheds will provide a first time assessment of water resources in this critical international domain. Modelling is also being integrated with Remote Sensing datasets, notably the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). GRACE supports regional scale watershed analysis of total water flux. GRACE along with terrestrial time-series data will serve provide validation datasets for model results to ensure that the final project outputs are representative and reliable. The project has an active engagement and collaborative effort underway to try and maximize the long-term benefit of the framework. Much of the supporting model datasets will be published under open access licence to support broad usage and integration.
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Smith, S. L., and M. M. Burgess. Sensitivity of permafrost to climate warming in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/216137.

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Warren, F. J., and N. Lulham. Canada in a changing climate: national issues report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328384.

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Wolfe, S. A., and W. G. Nickling. Sensitivity of eolian processes to climate change in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/209068.

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Wolfe, S. A., P. D. Morse, R. Fraser, D. E. Kerr, J J Van der Sanden, N. H. Short, and Y. Zhang. Climate change geoscience in sub-Arctic Canada: information pages. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/299883.

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Shaw, J. The tides of change, climate change in Atlantic Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/212738.

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Ranson, Matthew, and Robert Stavins. Post-Durban Climate Policy Architecture Based on Linkage of Cap-and-Trade Systems. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18140.

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