Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architectural structural systems'
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1
Falk, Andreas. "Architectural aspects of massive timber : structural form and systems." Doctoral thesis, Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2005. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2005/41/.
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Von, Bülow Peter. "An intelligent genetic design tool (IGDT) applied to the exploration of architectural trussed structural systems /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-31604.
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Krauser, Gaelyn B. "Optimization of Two-Way Post-Tensioned Concrete Floor Systems." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/181.
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This thesis investigates a parametric study of a flat plate floor system designed using post-tensioning. The load balanced by the post-tensioning, the slab depth, and the strength of concrete were varied to create the parametric study of a hotel/condominium grid layout. In order to perform the parametric study, research was conducted on the development of post-tensioning, methods of analysis for two-way slab design, and post-tensioning methods of analysis. Design was conducted by hand through a series of Excel spreadsheets and compared to results found using the computer analysis program, ADAPT-PT. The designs found in the parametric study were then used to perform a cost analysis across ten cities in the United States: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, Phoenix, San Francisco, and Seattle.
The designs from the hand analysis and the ADAPT-PT model provided similar results for the post-tensioning, and both methods provide an adequate design. The use of ADAPT-PT is recommended because of its ease of use and quick calculation capabilities. The designs of the hand analysis were quantified and along with unit prices gathered from contractors and suppliers the cost analysis found that the design with 100% of the dead load balanced provided the least expensive solution for all the cities, and the design using a 6000 psi strength concrete provide the most expensive solution for all cities. The least expensive slab design was $9.02 per square foot in Atlanta, Georgia, and the most expensive slab design was $24.96 per square foot in Miami, Florida. A more rigorous parametric study in the future may provide a better optimization for the hotel/condominium slab investigated as the parametric study of this thesis found costs which varied by less than 10% between the most expensive and least expensive slabs in the ten cities.
4
Aukeman, Lisa J. "ASCE 7-05 DESIGN RULE FOR RELATIVE STRENGTH IN A TALL BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACED FRAME DUAL SYSTEM." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/464.
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In mid- to high-rise structures, dual systems (DS) enable a structural designer to satisfy the stringent drift limitations of current codes without compromising ductility. Currently, ASCE 7-05 permits a variety of structural systems to be used in combination as a dual system yet the design requirements are limited to the following statement: Moment frames must be capable of resisting 25% of the seismic forces while the moment frames and braced frames or shear walls must be capable of resisting the entire seismic forces in proportion to their relative rigidities.
This thesis assesses the significance of the 25% design requirement for the secondary moment frames (SMF) in dual systems with consideration of current structural engineering practice. Three 20-story buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) dual system structures were designed with varying relative strengths between the braced and special moment frame systems. The SMF system wa designed for 15%, 25%, and 40% of seismic demands and the BRBF system design has been adjusted accordingly based on its relative stiffness with respect to the moment frame. These structures were examined with nonlinear static and nonlinear dynamic procedures with guidance from ASCE 41-06.
The drift, displacement and ductility demands, and the base shear distribution results of this study show similar responses of the three prototype structures. These results indicate a secondary moment frame designed to less than 25% of seismic demands may be adequate for consideration as a dual system regardless of the 25% rule.
5
Ed-Daoui, Ilyas. "Towards systems-of-systems structural resilience assessment Resilience assessment as a foundation for systems-of-systems safety evaluation : application to an economic infrastructure An approach to systems-of-systems structural analysis through interoperability assessment : application on Moroccan Case A study of an adaptive approach for systems-of-systems integration A contribution to systems-of-systems concept standardization Unstructured peer-to-peer systems : towards swift Routing A deterministic approach for systems-of-systems resilience quantification Vers des systèmes de systèmes robustes Security enhancement architectural model for IMS based networks Towards reliable IMS-based networks." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMIR07.
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De nos jours, nous attendons des systèmes de systèmes d'être plus que simplement fonctionnel, mais aussi fiable, de préserver leurs performances, de mener les actions requises et, surtout, d'anticiper d'éventuelles défaillances. La résilience fait partie des nombreuses approches d'évaluation de la fiabilité. Elle est directement liée aux conséquences de perturbations et incertitudes. Il s'agit des conséquences en cas de perturbations et des incertitudes associées. La résilience est définie comme la capacité des systèmes à résister à une perturbation majeure selon paramètres de dégradation et à récupérer dans un délai, des coûts et des risques acceptables. Dans cette thèse, deux approches complémentaires sont proposées pour tenter d'analyser la résilience structurelle des systèmes de systèmes. La première est liée à l'extensibilité qui est une caractéristique des systèmes de systèmes puisqu'ils sont en continuelle évolution. L'un des principaux objectifs est d'évaluer la résilience structurelle en tenant compte de l'aspect dynamique et moyennant une évaluation de l'interopérabilité. D'autre part, un examen de la structure d'un système de systèmes et des flux internes représente la deuxième approche. Cela conduit à une évaluation de la résilience structurelle grâce à un ensemble d'indicateurs. Les deux approches proposées sont déterministes et peuvent être utilisées pour évaluer l'état courant de la structure du système de systèmes ou pour anticiper sa résilience dans des scénarios futurs. Un démonstrateur a été développé pour l'évaluation de la résilience structurelle. Dans la considération de territoires, il a servi à l'évaluation d'infrastructures industrielles réelles selon une approche systèmes de systèmesNowadays, we expect of SoS (systems-of-systems) more than just to be functional, but also to be reliable, to preserve their performance, to complete the required fonctions and rnost importantly to anticipate potential defects. The relationship with resilience is among the numerous perspectives tackling reliability in the context of SoS. It is about the consequences in case of disturbances and associated uncertainties. Resilience is defined as the ability of systems to withstand a major disruption within acceptable degradation parameters and to recover within an acceptable time, composite costs and risks. In this thesis, two complementary approaches are proposed in an attempt to analyze SoS structural resilience. First is related to extensibility which is a specific characteristic of SoS as they are in continuous evolvement and change. A major focus is to evaluate SoS structural resilience with regards to its dynamic aspect and through interoperability assessment. On the other hand, a consideration of the SoS structure and inner workflow pathways represents the second approach. This perspective leads to structural resilience assessment through a set of indicators. Both proposed approaches are deterministic and can be used to evaluate the current state of SoS structure or to anticipate its resilience in future scenarios. Futhermore, a prototype is designed in order to process the structural resilience assessment. Considering spatial objects, it has been used to conduct experiments on real-based industrial infrastructures approached as SoS
6
Acar, Emre. "Comparison Of Design Codes For Seismically Isolated Structures." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607015/index.pdf.
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This study presents information on the design procedure of seismic base isolation systems. Analysis of the seismic responses of isolated structures, which is oriented to give a clear understanding of the effect of base isolation on the nature of the structureand discussion of various isolator types are involved in this work. Seismic isolation consists essentially of the installation of mechanisms, which decouple the structure, and its contents, from potentially damaging earthquake induced ground motions. This decoupling is achieved by increasing the horizontal flexibility of the system, together with providing appropriate damping. The isolator increases the natural period of the overall structure and hence decreases its acceleration response to earthquake-generated vibrations. This increase in period,together with damping, can reduce the effect of the earthquakes, so that smaller loads and deformations are imposed on the structure and its components. The key references that are used in this study are the related chapters of FEMA and IBC2000 codes for seismic isolated structures. In this work, these codes are used for the design examples of elastomeric bearings. Furthermore, the internal forces develop in the superstructure during a ground motion is determined
and the different approaches defined by the codes towards the &lsquo
scaling factor&rsquo
concept is compared in this perspective.
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Farzin, Moghaddam Maryam. "Evaluating Intelligence In Intelligent Buildings Case Studies In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614438/index.pdf.
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Advances in technologies and the idea of incorporating technological solutions into buildings have made it possible to provide more comfortable and secure spaces for living or working. The term &ldquointelligent building&rdquo
is becoming very popular in terms of attaching prestige to a project and improving its desirability. However too many buildings are claimed to be intelligent and adaptive to change but, without an appropriate understanding of intelligent building concept and also capabilities of assessing an intelligent building, it is not possible to judge such claims. In view of the fact that truly intelligent buildings provide their occupants with efficient facilities and comfortable space, many experts and researchers have discussed the characteristics of intelligent buildings and come up with different definitions and assessment systems, but none agree with each other completely. The aim of this study was to evaluate intelligence in intelligent buildings and provide responsiveness clues in terms of system efficiency and user convenience to find out whether buildings claimed to be intelligent meet the intelligence requirements or not. v After conducting a literature survey to identify main intelligence characteristics, two buildings both claimed to be intelligent and able to provide occupants with healthy, secure and comfortable space, were selected as the case studies. The intelligent building principals and specific design considerations together with efficient system integration and system requirements were examined in the case studies. It was concluded that, even though case studies were admired in terms of holding commercial value and applying new technologies but there existed a lack in either employing or incorporating that technologies to meet desired responsiveness and dynamism which, are main attributes of intelligent buildings.
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King, Jacob Michael B. "A Method for Visualizing the Structural Complexity of Organizational Architectures." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2021. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2266.
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To achieve a high level of performance and efficiency, contemporary aerospace systems must become increasingly complex. While complexity management traditionally focuses on a product’s components and their interconnectedness, organizational representation in complexity analysis is just as essential. This thesis addresses this organizational aspect of complexity through an Organizational Complexity Metric (OCM) to aid complexity management. The OCM augments Sinha’s structural complexity metric for product architectures into a metric that can be applied to organizations. Utilizing nested numerical design structure matrices (DSMs), a compact visual representation of organizational complexity was developed. Within the nested numerical DSM are existing organizational datasets used to quantify the complexity of both organizational system components and their interfaces. The OCM was applied to a hypothetical system example, as well as an existing aerospace organizational architecture. Through the development of the OCM, this thesis assumed that each dataset was collected in a statistically sufficient manner and has a reasonable correlation to system complexity. This thesis recognizes the lack of complete human representation and aims to provide a platform for expansion. Before a true organizational complexity metric can be applied to real systems, additional human considerations should be considered. These limitations differ from organization to organization and should be taken into consideration before implementation into a working system. The visualization of organizational complexity uses a color gradient to show the relative complexity density of different parts of the organization.
9
Panayides, Floris. "Rationalized structural systems for diverse applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76411.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1988.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 108).
Industrialized building emerged as a consequence of the need for the economical and rapid provision of healthy and safe living environments. In both Europe and developing countries, concrete panel systems were gradually established as the primary building prefabrication method. However, concrete panel buildings demonstrated in time resistance to change, lack of adaptability to diverse sites and contexts and inefficiency in the use of the relatively expensive cement and steel. Open systems offer an alternative direction to industrialization in construction. In open systems, the differentiation of permanent from non-permanent elements and the organization of only the permanent ones in the form of a rationalized structural system (characteristic of open systems}, allow for the variable position and material composition of all walls. Nevertheless, conventional frame systems are not easily adaptable to diverse sites, since structural interdependency of bays and the need for alignment of elements allow only limited variability of building form. The developed Slab-Column System, presented herein, is a rationalized structural system which goes a step beyond conventional frames. Besides offering the possibility for flexible and changeable divisions of its structural platforms, the system is adaptable to a diversity of site conditions, thus broadening the applicability of large-scale prefabrication.
by Floris Panayides.
M.S.
10
Cohill, Andrew Michael. "Patternmakers and toolbuilders : the design of information structures in the professional practice of architecture /." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042006-164522/.
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Jung, Georg. "Structured interrelations of component architectures." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/485.
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Bukauskas, Aurimas (Aurimas M. ). "New structural systems in small-diameter round timber." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99241.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2015.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 51).
Trees, when used as structural elements in their natural, round form, are up to five times stronger than the largest piece of dimensioned lumber they could yield. Additionally, these whole-timbers have a lower effective embodied carbon than any other structural material. When combined into efficient structural configurations and joined using specially-engineered connections, whole-timber has the potential to replace entire steel and concrete structural systems in large-scale buildings, bridges, and infrastructure. Whole-timber may be the most appropriate structural solution for a low-carbon and fully renewable future in both developed temperate regions and the developing Global South. To reduce barriers to adoption, including project complexity and cost, a standardized "kit of parts" in whole-timber is proposed. This thesis proposes new designs for the first and most important element of this kit: a structurally independent column in whole-timber. A 20' compound column in whole-timber is prototyped at full-scale. New, simple calculation methods are developed for estimating the buckling capacity of tapered timbers. Based on conservative assumptions, the embodied carbon of whole-timber column systems is shown to be between 30% and 70% lower than conventional steel systems.
by Aurimas Bukauskas.
S.B.
13
Lulec, Andac. "Solution Of Sparse Systems On Gpu Architecture." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613355/index.pdf.
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The solution of the linear system of equations is one of the core aspects of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software. Since large amount of arithmetic operations are required for the solution of the system obtained by FEA, the influence of the solution of linear equations on the performance of the software is very significant.
In recent years, the increasing demand for performance in the game industry caused significant improvements on the performances of Graphical Processing Units (GPU). With their massive floating point operations capability, they became attractive sources of performance for the general purpose programmers. Because of this reason, GPUs are chosen as the target hardware to develop an efficient parallel direct solver for the solution of the linear equations obtained from FEA.
14
Patel, Dipesh Ishwerbhai. "Architectural considerations for a control system processor." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1996. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11075.
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Modern design methodologies for control systems create controllers with dynamics which are of a similar order to the physical system being controlled. When these are implemented digitally as Infinite Impulse Response (HR) filters the processing requirements are extensive, in particular when high sample rates are necessary to minimise the detrimental effects of sample delay. The aim of the research was to apply signal processing techniques to facilitate the implementation of control algorithms in digital form, with the principal objective of maximising the computational efficiency, either to achieve the highest possible sample rates using a given processor, or to minimise the processor complexity for a given requirement. One of the approaches is to design a fixed point processor whose architecture is optimised to meet the computational requirements of signal processing for control, thereby maximising what can be achieved with a single processor. Hence the aim of the research was to head towards a processor architecture optimised for Control System Processing. The design of this processor is based on a unified structural form and it will be shown that controllers, represented either in state space form or as transfer functions, can be implemented using this unified structure. The structure is based on the σ-operator, which has been shown to be robust to changes in coefficients and hence require shorter coefficient wordlength to achieve a comparable performance to traditional z-operator based structures. Additionally, the σ-operator structures are also shown to have lower wordlength requirements for the internal variables. Also presented is a possible architecture for a Control System Processor and a model for the processor is developed and constructed using VHDL. This is simulated on a test bench, also designed in VHDL. The results of implementing a phase advance controller on the processor are then compared with those obtained from a MATLAB simulation.
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Ismail, Mohamed A. (Mohamed Abdelbagi). "Materially efficient structural floor systems for housing in India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123590.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 137-139).
.In 2015, the government of India launched the "Housing for All by 2022" initiative to build 20 million units of affordable urban housing for lower income groups. Thus far, they have built fewer than two million units. In India, it is estimated that material costs can constitute 60 to 80% of the total cost of residential construction. Nonetheless, their construction mimics the materially inefficient practices of developed countries, practices developed to reduce labor over material costs. As a result, prismatic beams and flat slabs are frequently used despite their structural inefficiency. In its current state, the construction industry is resource intensive and unsustainable. The mounting use of steel-reinforced concrete structures in Indian cities has also garnered concern for the environmental costs of construction; construction accounts for 22% of India's carbon emissions.
The impact of structural systems on a building's embodied energy are immediately apparent: cement and steel are responsible for nearly 90% of a multistory concrete frame building's total embodied energy, and at least 50% of that is in the horizontally-spanning elements alone. With no end to construction in sight, new practices are needed to curb the environmental and economic costs of India's construction. This thesis explores the design of materially efficient floor systems that can reduce the economic and environmental costs of construction. Utilizing computational structural design, this thesis presents several strategies for the structural optimization of one-way concrete floor systems. Designed for the constraints of India, the structural elements are optimized to reduce the necessary volume of concrete and steel while resisting the same loads of an equivalent solid prismatic beam or slab.
While structural optimization for material efficiency is not a new practice, it is technically challenging and often reserved for large-scale and exclusive architectural projects. Conversely, this research applies these principles to common residential construction.
by Mohamed A. Ismail.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture
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Rai, Anurag. "Analysis and Design Tools for Structured Feedback Systems." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3270.
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As we begin to analyze and construct extremely complex systems, a theory for understanding and designing the underlying architecture becomes very important. To move in the direction of a precise theory of architecture, this thesis will provide some concrete tools to analyze and design complex systems with a given network structure. The first main result of this thesis analyzes the vulnerability of a system and shows that a system's vulnerability depends on its network structure. We will consider destabilization attacks acting on a single link in a system's logical interconnection structure. The concept of a vulnerable link is characterized and necessary and sufficient conditions for identifying these links are provided. The vulnerability of various system architectures are then characterized by the vulnerability of their weakest link, and it is shown that every transfer function has a completely secure architecture with no vulnerable links. The second part of this thesis focuses on synthesizing controllers with a specified network structure. It presents a new approach to distributed controller design that exploits the dynamical structure function representation of linear time invariant systems to characterize the structure of a system. The design technique sequentially constructs each link in an arbitrary controller signal structure, and the main theorem proves that either the resulting controller is stabilizing or that no controller with the desired structure can stabilize the system.
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Block, Philippe (Philippe Camille Vincent). "Equilibrium systems : studies in masonry structure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32096.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2005.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-40).
This thesis presents new interactive computational analysis tools for masonry structures based on limit state analysis. Thrust lines are used to clearly visualize the forces within the masonry and to predict possible collapse modes. The models are interactive and parametric to explore the relation between the different geometrical parameters and the possible equilibrium conditions. Collapse mechanism analyses are determined by combining kinematics and statics. Complex three-dimensional problems are analyzed using the same methods. This thesis presents a series of analysis tools that are fast and easy to use, but at the same time rigorous and highly accurate.
by Philippe Block.
S.M.
18
Buell, Grant. "Comparison of structural steel lateral force resisting systems for a theoretical hospital grid system." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2321.
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Moser, Nico, Carsten Gremzow, and Matthias Menge. "Interconnection Optimization for Dataflow Architectures." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200700950.
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In this paper we present a dataflow processor
architecture based on [1], which is driven by controlflow
generated tokens. We will show the special properties of
this architecture with regard to scalability, extensibility,
and parallelism. In this context we outline the application
scope and compare our approach with related work.
Advantages and disadvantages will be discussed and we
suggest solutions to solve the disadvantages. Finally an
example of the implementation of this architecture will be
given and we have a look at further developments.
We believe the features of this basic approach predestines
the architecture especially for embedded systems and
system on chips.
20
Hardman, Richard H. III. "Systemic Formation: Multi-Agent Simulations for Architecture." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin155351382588639.
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Davalos, Sergio Victor. "Knowledge-structured information systems for understanding: An architecture and an implementation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185813.
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This research addresses the problem of developing computer-based systems to support the understanding of information by executive level users. The approach taken is based on the use of prior knowledge in the form of knowledge (cognitive) structures to understand new information. The knowledge structures used are case, schemata, concepts, and semantic networks. A system architecture for supporting information understanding, the Understanding Support System (USS), was developed and was implemented on an Apple Mac using HyperCard software. The USS is implemented in an object-oriented architecture using hypertext organization methods to support the cognitive process of associative information development and retrieval. Node and link representation and associative schemes are used to store and represent cognitive structures in the form of networks of interlinked nodes of knowledge. These networks are treated as individual units by the USS. The current system supports a single user for: (1) building mental representations, (2) using prior knowledge in the form of knowledge nodes, knowledge structures, and case knowledge, (3) using knowledge structures for knowledge base access, and (4) navigation of the knowledge base through links that associate knowledge nodes in the cognitive structures. Eventually the USS can support use of a corporate knowledge base by many users. An evaluation of the USS based on human-computer research methodologies for systems development is discussed.
22
Montagne, Euripides. "Program structures and computer architectures for parallel processing." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65949.
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Karapa, Eleni. "Bio-membranes : a bio-logical approach to architecture." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1033631.
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Bio-membranes: A Biological Approach to Architecture The desire to introduce an area of study which can potentially inform the field of architecture on a theoretical as well as on a practical level, is the primary aim of this creative project. More specifically, the interest of this work is focused on the identification of useful processes deriving from the world of biology and their utilization in the world of architecture. The designation of an alternative path for perceiving and understanding processing and principles that may be of use in the reconfiguration of various architectural design applications is in quest. In search of a biological model that can potentially inform the field of architecture and provide enough feedback concerning the understanding of "processing" and "principles", biomembrane systems have been designated as the appropriate subject of study. The study and analysis of the structural and functional aspects of the bio-membranes as well as the extraction of useful principles that are derived from this study consist the first part of this work. The second part describes the implementation of these principles into various architectural applications while it challenges existing paradigms and introduces new ways of looking into the realm of architectural theory.Department of Architecture
24
Dalmasso, Julien. "Compression de données de test pour architecture de systèmes intégrés basée sur bus ou réseaux et réduction des coûts de test." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20061/document.
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Les circuits intégrés devenant de plus en plus complexes, leur test demande des efforts considérables se répercutant sur le coût de développement et de production de ces composants. De nombreux travaux ont donc porté sur la réduction du coût de ce test en utilisant en particulier les techniques de compression de données de test. Toutefois ces techniques n'adressent que des coeurs numériques dont les concepteurs détiennent la connaissance de toutes les informations structurelles et donc en pratique n'adressent que le test de sous-blocs d'un système complet. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons tout d'abord une nouvelle technique de compression des données de test pour les circuits intégrés compatible avec le paradigme de la conception de systèmes (SoC) à partir de fonctions pré-synthétisées (IPs ou coeurs). Puis, deux méthodes de test des systèmes utilisant la compression sont proposées. La première est relative au test des systèmes SoC utilisant l'architecture de test IEEE 1500 (avec un mécanisme d'accès au test de type bus), la deuxième concerne le test des systèmes pour lesquels la communication interne s'appuie sur des structures de type réseau sur puce (NoC). Ces deux méthodes utilisent conjointement un ordonnancement du test des coeurs du système avec une technique de compression horizontale afin d'augmenter le parallélisme du test des coeurs constituant le système et ce, à coût matériel constant. Les résultats expérimentaux sur des systèmes sur puces de référence montrent des gains de l'ordre de 50% sur le temps de test du système completWhile microelectronics systems become more and more complex, test costs have increased in the same way. Last years have seen many works focused on test cost reduction by using test data compression. However these techniques only focus on individual digital circuits whose structural implementation (netlist) is fully known by the designer. Therefore, they are not suitable for the testing of cores of a complete system. The goal of this PhD work was to provide a new solution for test data compression of integrated circuits taking into account the paradigm of systems-on-chip (SoC) built from pre-synthesized functions (IPs or cores). Then two systems testing method using compression are proposed for two different system architectures. The first one concerns SoC with IEEE 1500 test architecture (with bus-based test access mechanism), the second one concerns NoC-based systems. Both techniques use test scheduling methods combined with test data compression for better exploration of the design space. The idea is to increase test parallelism with no hardware extra cost. Experimental results performed on system-on-chip benchmarks show that the use of test data compression leads to test time reduction of about 50% at system level
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Vasaitis, Vasileios. "Novel storage architectures and pointer-free search trees for database systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6240.
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Database systems research is an old and well-established field in computer science. Many of the key concepts appeared as early as the 60s, while the core of relational databases, which have dominated the database world for a while now, was solidified during the 80s. However, the underlying hardware has not displayed such stability in the same period, which means that a lot of assumptions that were made about the hardware by early database systems are not necessarily true for modern computer architectures. In particular, over the last few decades there have been two notable consistent trends in the evolution of computer hardware. The first is that the memory hierarchy of mainstream computer systems has been getting deeper, with its different levels moving away from each other, and new levels being added in between as a result, in particular cache memories. The second is that, when it comes to data transfers between any two adjacent levels of the memory hierarchy, access latencies have not been keeping up with transfer rates. The challenge is therefore to adapt database index structures so that they become immune to these two trends. The latter is addressed by gradually increasing the size of the data transfer unit; the former, by organizing the data so that it exhibits good locality for memory transfers across multiple memory boundaries. We have developed novel structures that facilitate both of these strategies. We started our investigation with the venerable B+-tree, which is the cornerstone order-preserving index of any database system, and we have developed a novel pointer-free tree structure for its pages that optimizes its cache performance and makes it immune to the page size. We then adapted our approach to the R-tree and the GiST, making it applicable to multi-dimensional data indexes as well as generalized indexes for any abstract data type. Finally, we have investigated our structure in the context of main memory alone, and have demonstrated its superiority over the established approaches in that setting too. While our research has its roots in data structures and algorithms theory, we have conducted it with a strong experimental focus, as the complex interactions within the memory hierarchy of a modern computer system can be quite challenging to model and theorize about effectively. Our findings are therefore backed by solid experimental results that verify our hypotheses and prove the superiority of our structures over competing approaches.
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Chiu, Po-Hung. "The Structure of L-System." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439307516.
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Valba, Olga. "Statistical analysis of networks and biophysical systems of complex architecture." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919606.
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Complex organization is found in many biological systems. For example, biopolymers could possess very hierarchic structure, which provides their functional peculiarity. Understating such, complex organization allows describing biological phenomena and predicting molecule functions. Besides, we can try to characterize the specific phenomenon by some probabilistic quantities (variances, means, etc), assuming the primary biopolymer structure to be randomly formed according to some statistical distribution. Such a formulation is oriented toward evolutionary problems.Artificially constructed biological network is another common object of statistical physics with rich functional properties. A behavior of cells is a consequence of complex interactions between its numerous components, such as DNA, RNA, proteins and small molecules. Cells use signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms to coordinate multiple processes, allowing them to respond and to adapt to changing environment. Recent theoretical advances allow us to describe cellular network structure using graph concepts to reveal the principal organizational features shared with numerous non-biological networks.The aim of this thesis is to develop bunch of methods for studying statistical and dynamic objects of complex architecture and, in particular, scale-free structures, which have no characteristic spatial and/or time scale. For such systems, the use of standard mathematical methods, relying on the average behavior of the whole system, is often incorrect or useless, while a detailed many-body description is almost hopeless because of the combinatorial complexity of the problem. Here we focus on two problems.The first part addresses to statistical analysis of random biopolymers. Apart from the evolutionary context, our studies cover more general problems of planar topology appeared in description of various systems, ranging from gauge theory to biophysics. We investigate analytically and numerically a phase transition of a generic planar matching problem, from the regime, where almost all the vertices are paired, to the situation, where a finite fraction of them remains unmatched.The second part of this work focus on statistical properties of networks. We demonstrate the possibility to define co-expression gene clusters within a network context from their specific motif distribution signatures. We also show how a method based on the shortest path function (SPF) can be applied to gene interactions sub-networks of co-expression gene clusters, to efficiently predict novel regulatory transcription factors (TFs). The biological significance of this method by applying it on groups of genes with a shared regulatory locus, found by genetic genomics, is presented. Finally, we discuss formation of stable patters of motifs in networks under selective evolution in context of creation of islands of "superfamilies".
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Bai, Shan. "A distributed system structure for modular product architecture development and variation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62182.pdf.
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Barelli, Riccardo. "Megalithic Automation – Exploring the architectural potential of a single part structurally-aware construction system." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24798/.
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Questa tesi vuole esplorare le capacità architettoniche di un sistema costruttivo dotato di coerenza strutturale intrinseca, pensato per un processo di costruzione automatizzato. Il sistema si basa su un singolo elemento modulare costruito con pannelli di CLT (Cross Laminated Timber). A partire dallo studio della geometria e connettività dell’elemento, si esplorano le qualità spaziali emergenti che l’assemblaggio può descrivere, guidato da procedure e criteri che ne regolano crescita e limiti all’interno di un sistema algoritmico sviluppato ad-hoc. L‘assemblaggio è guidato da regole locali che determinano i modi in cui gli elementi possono collegarsi l’uno con l’altro e da criteri di scelta del punto di crescita e della regola da applicare. I criteri tengono conto anche della coerenza strutturale, valutando iterativamente lo stato di deformazione del sistema, e spostando il punto di crescita nelle zone in cui la deformazione è massima. Il sistema non segue uno schema spaziale predefinito ma genera spazi attraverso il proprio processo di crescita; tali spazi possono essere mappati quali effetti di regole e criteri che il sistema ha adottato per crescere, filtrandole opportunamente in iterazioni successive in modo da poter indirizzare il sistema a convergere verso particolari organizzazioni spaziali. Si indagano quindi le proprietà emergenti che il sistema può esibire in ambito architettonico inserendo la coerenza strutturale come criterio filtrante intrinseco in un processo di assemblaggio.
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Ou, Z. (Zhonghong). "Structured peer-to-peer networks:hierarchical architecture and performance evaluation." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514262487.
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Abstract
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networking changes the way of people utilizing Internet, for example, sharing and consuming digital content, from the ground up. It continues to show its power and strength when it is combined with other emerging technologies, such as Web Services. This thesis contributes to the research and development of P2P networks from four aspects.
Firstly, a P2P and Web Services converged multiple-tier system architecture is proposed. The architecture proposed enables providing Web Services in the context of heterogeneous access networks in an efficient way by utilizing P2P paradigm. A lightweight middleware architecture is introduced to fit the diversified mobile terminals. A theoretical analysis is given to provide a comparative study with the conventional centralized architecture.
Secondly, a General Truncated Pyramid Peer-to-Peer (GTPP) architecture is presented to analyze the performance of hierarchical architecture compared with flat architecture. The motivation behind the GTPP architecture is to see whether an added tier can bring with it added value and functionality. A detailed mathematical analysis is provided which takes into consideration various performance metrics, including the lookup hopcount, lookup latency, maintenance traffic from a single peer point of view, and maintenance traffic from the whole system point of view. Furthermore, simulation results with respect to the lookup hopcount are also provided. Through mathematical analysis and simulation results, an optimal value regarding the number of tiers of the GTPP architecture is found, showing that 2~3 tiers are appropriate for most of situations. A specialized model is also proposed to improve the performance of hierarchical architecture.
Thirdly, the performance evaluation of a communication-oriented Kademlia-based P2P system is provided in detail. NetHawk EAST-based simulation models and a prototype are both utilized to evaluate the performance. Simulation results from NetHawk EAST-based simulation models demonstrate the optimal design choices regarding the resource lookup parallelism degree and resource replication degree, and show the unnecessary existence of the messages used to detect the liveness of peers in a DHT overlay. Measurements from the prototype show the feasibility of mobile nodes acting as fully fledged overlay nodes from three different perspectives, namely CPU processing load, network traffic load, and battery consumption. The optimal size of packets which consumes battery in the most efficient way is also found through battery consumption measurements.
Fourthly, the effects of different churn models on the performance of structured P2P networks are analyzed. Specifically, three typical churn models are analyzed to provide a comparative result. The simulation results show that the difference among the effects of different churn models on the performance of structured P2P networks is quantitative rather than qualitative. This provides some guidance for the selection of different churn models for the contemporary researchers.
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Adamopoulos, Dionisis. "A structured approach to the development of telematic services using distributed object-oriented platforms." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/685/.
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Al-Haddad, Tristan Farris. "PerFORMance: Integrating Structural Feedback into Design Processes for Complex Surface-Active Form." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07102006-111810/.
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Kim, Gwang Gyu. "An analysis of structure and process of corporate alliance development using system architecture frameworks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42362.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, February 2007.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-97).
A strategic alliance has been one of the core methods for expanding the business of many corporations in terms of geographic presence, business domain, and technological scope. The strategic alliance includes many different types of partnerships, including licensing in and out, joint product development, minority equity investments, joint ventures, and mergers and acquisitions. These alliances involve many distinctive participants inside and outside a corporation and for this reason, the alliance-forging process and management tend to be quite complicated for systematic analysis. Therefore in this thesis I employ system architecture frameworks to analyze strategic alliances in a systematic way from a holistic viewpoint. I apply an object process methodology (OPM) to understand interactions among different participants during the process of forging alliances, analyze the upstream and downstream influences, and finally adopt a holistic framework to illustrate detailed interactions during the process. The alliance process basically consists of four distinctive phases: formulation, partner selection, negotiation, and management. Comparing the results with the DuPont case, I realized that the alliance management phase should be augmented for more comprehensive management. Strategic alliances and mergers and acquisitions are discussed in the corporate-level context. They have many driving forces in common at the level of corporate context, but in mergers and acquisitions the economic conditions are more critical components than others during a strategy- formulation phase.
by Gwang Gyu Kim.
S.M.
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Ciminello, Monica. "Semi-passive control strategy using piezo ceramic patches in non linear commutation architecture for structural-accoustice smart systems." Paris, CNAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0668.
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De nombreuses recherches sont aujourd’hui consacrées à l’étude et au développement de stratégies de réduction du bruit et des vibrations. Dans le domaine de l’acoustique comme dans le domaine des vibrations, différentes approches peuvent être envisagées. Une tendance actuelle est d’appliquer des techniques actives qui sont reconnues pour être efficaces sur une large bade de fréquence, mais qui souffrent cependant d’une complexité de mise en oeuvre et d’une nécessité d’un apport d’énergie extérieur qui rendent ces systèmes peu robustes et potentiellement instables. Les techniques passives, qui utilisent par exemple des matériaux isolants, sont quand à elles très efficaces pour les hautes fréquences mais plus limitées en basse fréquence pour un problème de poids et d’encombrement, ce qui peut être un inconvénient dans certaines applications aéronautiques ou aérospatiales où la légèreté est un paramètre primordial. Afin de diminuer le bruit engendré par les vibrations des structures, il est possible d’adopter une approche différente basée sur l’utilisation de systèmes semi-passifs. Cette technique, qui sera utilisée dans ce travail, est réalisée grâce des éléments piézo-céramiques collés à la structure et connectés à un circuit électrique de type shunt résonant avec un interrupteur (switch shunt). L’interrupteur permet d’ouvrir et de fermer le circuit électrique à des moments bien précis de façon à maximiser l’atténuation des vibrations. Par rapport aux systèmes actifs, ce type d’approche est relativement simple à mettre en oeuvre, robuste et stable. De plus, par rapport aux techniques piézoélectriques purement passives, il n’est pas nécessaire de fournir de l’énergie extérieur au système ni d’accorder précisément les composants électrique pour garder une efficacité sur une bande de fréquence relativement large. L’objectif du travail est double. Il s’agit de développer un outil de calcul par éléments finis (basé sur les logiciels Matlab et Nastran) pour simuler la réponse dynamique de système couplés élasto-acoustiques amortis grâce à l’utilisation de pastilles piézoélectriques connectées à un circuit de type shunt avec interrupteur. De plus, des expérimentations sont réalisées de façon à tester un dispositif piézoélectrique original et valider certains développements numériques. Concernant l’expérimentation, une approche originale basée sur l’utilisation d’un tachymètre et de circuits intégrés CMOS (nécessitant une alimentation de 12 V) a été développée. Une adaptation est également proposée pour l’utilisation simultanée de plusieurs patches piézoélectriques. Une modélisation éléments finis d’une structure élastique couplée à une cavité acoustique est tout d’abord réalisée. Les matrices globales des parties fluide, structure et couplage fluidestructure sont extraites du code de calcul Nastran et sont réassemblées dans Matlab selon la formulation classique non symétrique en termes de déplacement de la structure et de pression dans le fluide. Ensuite, la matrice de couplage électro-mécanique est ajoutée pour prendre en compte les effets piézoélectriques. Enfin, le comportement du circuit résonnant avec interrupteur est modélisé et simulé. Etant donné les temps de commutation très courts, une approche temporelle directe (basée sur le shéma de Newmark) a été utilisée de façon à calculer la réponse transitoire du système coupléAmong the different strategies oriented to the noise and vibration control, due to their promising properties in terms of limited required power supply, broad band and no tuneable nature, semi-active switched shunt architectures have well done for themselves. The idea of using piezo transducers to convert mechanical into electrical energy and elaborating related signal within an external time variant electrical circuit, represents the inspiring principle of this type of control. A wide amount of efforts has been spent on the semi-active switched shunt control with specific interest in the “synchronised” one; theoretical, numerical, experimental investigations, proved in different ways pros and cons of applications generally confined to the vibration field, in the low frequency band. Also the idea of extending this control to acoustics has been taken into account: problems like the structure-borne sound have been dealt with, implementing switch logic onto piezo networks mounted on structural components. An interesting industrial application in the field of aeronautics and automotive in general, is the interior sound level reduction: in this case a distribution of piezoelectric transducers suitably collocated may lead to remarkable effects, without excessive power consumption. In the present work, a semi analytic approach aimed at estimating the effects on the reduction of pressure sound level by synchronised switched shunt logic, is described. The displacement field within a 1D longitudinal air column through a Fourier series ;expansion has been formalised by assigning a sinusoidal perturbation and fluid–structure interface condition on the left and right boundaries, respectively. At first, a validation procedure has been implemented: both the convergence of the series coefficients and the satisfaction of boundary and initial conditions have been verified. To simulate the no control operative condition, the solution has been computed for the entire time domain, keeping invariant all circuitry properties; then for the switch working modality, solution has been computed by splitting the entire time domain into partitions, each one delimited by the instants at which the circuit is switched on (i. E. , by maxima and minima of the displacement on the right boundary domain); for any partition, specific circuitry properties (e. G. Piezo voltage, electrical field…) have been selected. Based on displacement information, related sound pressure level has been compared for no controlled and controlled operative conditions, with and without signal amplification
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Kerns, Corey Michael. "Naval Ship Design and Synthesis Model Architecture Using a Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32459.
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The Concept and Requirements Exploration process used at Virginia Tech is based on a Multi-Objective Optimization approach that explores the design space to produce a Non-Dominated set of ship design solutions ranked objectively by Cost, Risk, and Effectiveness. Prior research and effort has also been made to leverage the validation and verification of the U.S. Navyâ s ship synthesis design tool, ASSET, into the Virginia Tech Ship Synthesis Model.
This thesis applies Design Structure Matrix theory to analyze and optimize the ASSET synthesis process by reducing or removing the feedback dependencies that require the iterative convergence process. This optimized ASSET synthesis process is used as the basis to develop a new Simplified Ship Synthesis Model (SSSM) using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software, ASSET Response Surface Models (RSMs) and simplified parametric equations to build the individual synthesis modules.
The current method of calculating an Overall Measure of Effectiveness (OMOE) used at Virginia Tech is based on expert opinion and pairwise comparison. This thesis researches methods for building a Design Reference Mission (DRM) composed of multiple operational situations (OpSits) required by the shipâ s mission. The DRM is defined using a Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach and an overall Ship Design System Architecture to define and understand the relationships between various aspects of the ship design. The system architecture includes the DRM and enables the development of Operational Effectiveness Models (OEMs) as an alternative to an expert opinion-based OMOE. The system architecture also provides the means for redefining and optimizing the entire ship design process by capturing the entire process and all related data into a single repository.
This thesis concludes with a preliminary assessment of the utility of these various system engineering tools to the naval ship design process.Master of Science
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Koch, Daniel. "Structuring Fashion : Department Stores as Situating Spatial Practice." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4321.
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This dissertation investigates department stores as complex spatial and cultural buildings, in which values and ideas are expressed, negotiated, and produced. Situated in a cultural context commonly referred to as a society of consumption, where identity and social structures are worked out through consumption rather than production, the query turns to a specific act of consumption: that of shopping. More precisely, it investigates the role of space and spatial distribution in shopping. How space is distributed, arranged, or ordered allows for different possibilities in constructing categories from which the shoppers are to make a selection, and for how these categories can be related to one another, which informs the shoppers what belongs together, what is to be held apart, what is important, what is private, what is public, and what is of higher or lower status. It further supports, prevents, and promotes different routes and choices, giving different patterns of presence, publicity, privacy, purpose, etc. that not only affects the atmosphere of the spaces, but makes suggestions of what is found in them. These questions are investigated through a series of conceptual laboratories, each addressing the problem from different standpoints and focusing on different parts of the question: from how categories are constructed and given character, to how they form systems of values, how shoppers are trained in aesthetics of fashion, how relative degrees of presences are made use of, and how they appear influenced by spatial distribution. In this, the work shifts between qualitative and quantitative methods, each completing and evolving the other. It shows that to a remarkable degree, much of the emergent values and ideas can be understood through the filter of spatial configurations, and especially when treated as two systems: one of exposure and one of availability. As similar operations also affect patterns of movement and being, which enables them to also be related to publicity, privacy, and other social characters, the department stores can be understood as not only commercial spaces but as sites of negotiation of public culture. As such, both the analytic model and the more specific findings have important implications for architectural theory in general.QC 20100803
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Chang, Kai. "Structural modification of poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) for drug delivery applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48947.
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Polymeric biomaterials have become ubiquitous in modern medical devices. ‘Smart’ materials, materials that respond to external stimuli, have been of particular interest for biomedical applications such as drug delivery. Poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAm) is the best studied thermally responsive, biocompatible, ‘smart’ polymer and has been integrated into many potential drug delivery devices; however, the architectural design of the polymer in these devices is often overlooked. My research focus was the exploration of pNIPAAm architecture for biological applications. Two new biomaterials were synthesized as a result.
Architectural modification of linear pNIPAAm was used to synthesize a well-defined homopolymer pNIPAAm with a sharp transition slightly above normal body temperature under isotonic conditions. This polymer required a combination of polymerization and control techniques including controlled radical polymerization, hydrogen bond induced tacticity, and end-group manipulation. The synthesis of this polymer opened up a variety of biomedical possibilities, one of which is the use of these polymers in a novel hydrogel system. Through the use of the controlled linear pNIPAAm synthesized through chain architectural modification, hydrogels with physiological transition temperatures were also synthesized. These hydrogels showed greater shrinking properties than traditional hydrogels synthesized in the same manner and showed physiological mechanical properties.
Highly branched pNIPAAm was also optimized for biological applications. In this case, the branching reduced the efficacy of end-groups in transition temperature modification but increased the efficacy of certain copolymers. The resulting biomaterial was incorporated into a nanoparticle drug delivery system. By combining gold nanoparticles with highly branched pNIPAAm, which was designed to entrap small molecule drugs, a hybrid system was synthesized where heating of the nanoparticle through surface plasmon resonance can trigger drug release from the pNIPAAm. This system proved to be easy to synthesize, effective in loading, and controlled in release.
As shown from the applications, architectural control of pNIPAAm can open up new possibilities with this polymer for biomedical applications. Small structural changes can lead to significant changes in the bulk properties of the polymer and should be considered in future pNIPAAm based medical devices.
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Vincent, Stephen George. "Metamodels for describing the structure interaction of layered software systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184527.
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This research identifies a current and future need in the realm of information systems development which has surfaced as a result of layered architectures and software reuse. An analysis methodology based upon two three-dimensional metamodels which correspond to the principal aspects of system architecture, structure and communication, is developed. Each metamodel can be viewed as having three planes which represent increasing abstractions away from actual source code. For example, with regard to the structure metamodel, the lowest plane corresponds to actual source code structures written in a specific computer language, the middle plane represents the general form of the structure available in that language, and the top plane represents the general form of structures available in any language. An object-oriented viewpoint was adopted in order to allow the expression of the relationships between entities found on a single plane of a metamodel, as well as the expression of the relationships between entities found on different planes. The metamodels provide a framework and methodology for discerning the structure and communication mechanisms employed in software source code as well as a framework from within which behavioral models can be developed.
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Sharman, David M. (David Maynard) 1966. "Valuing architecture for strategic purposes : comments on applying the dependency structure matrix with real options theory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43617.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2002.Also issued in leaves.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 232-236).
Analysis of product and organisational architecture using dependency structure matrices to describe a series of domains, in conjunction with real options theory, assists in predicting the strategic capabilities of either existing or potential products and organisations, and likely optimal or maximal rates of change. This assists in predicting the extent to which technologically dependent organisations can realistically create and capture value from a portfolio approach as a number of technology conglomerates currently seek to do. It also goes some way towards explaining why existing organisations find it difficult to create or exploit new knowledge and thereby helps explain why many synergies remain unrealised. This suggests that strategic leadership of technology conglomerates must be by people who possess either the tacit knowledge of the financial, organisational and technical aspects of the business, or who possess explicit tools to bridge any gaps. Given that explicit financial tools are available, in the absence of unique individuals the strategic planning process needs to incorporate measures designed to a priori check that the proposed strategies will result in technical knowledge creation and organisational value capture.
by David M. Sharman.
S.M.
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Eder, Felix. "Comparing Monolithic and Event-Driven Architecture when Designing Large-scale Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300393.
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The way the structure of systems and programs are designed is very important. When working with smaller groups of systems, the chosen architecture does not affect the performance and efficiency greatly, but as these systems increase in size and complexity, the choice of architecture becomes a very important one. Problems that can arise when the complexity of software scales up are waiting for data accesses, long sequential executions and potential loss of data. There is no single, optimal software architecture, as there are countless different ways to design programs, but it is interesting to look at which architectures perform the best in terms of execution time when handling multiple bigger systems and large amounts of data. In this thesis, a case called "The Income Deduction" will be implemented in a monolithic and an event-driven architectural style and then be put through three different scenarios. The monolithic architecture was chosen due to its simplicity and popularity when constructing simpler programs and systems, while the event-driven architecture was chosen due to its theoretical benefits of removing sequential communicating between systems and thus reduce the time systems spend waiting for each other to respond. The main research question to answer is what the main benefits and drawbacks are when building larger systems with an event-driven architectural style. Additional research questions include how the architecture affects the organisation’s efficiency and cooperation between different teams, as well as how the security of data is handled. The two implementations where put through three different scenarios within the case, measuring execution time, number of HTTP requests sent, database accesses and events emitted. The results show that the event-driven architecture performed 9.4% slower in the first scenario and 0.5% slower in the second scenario. In the third scenario the event-driven architecture performed 49.0% faster than the monolithic implementation, finishing the scenario in less than half the amount of time. The monolithic implementation generally performed well in the simpler scenarios 1 and 2, where the systems had fewer integrations to each other. In these cases it is the preferred solution since it is easier to design and implement. The event-driven solution did perform much better in the more complex scenario 3, where a lot of systems and integrations were involved, since it could remove certain connections between systems. Lastly, this thesis also discusses the sustainability and ethics of the study, as well as the limitations of the research and potential future work.Strukturen som system och program designas efter är väldigt viktigt. När en arbetar med mindre grupper av system så kommer den valda arkitekturen inte att påverka prestandan mycket. Men när dessa system växter i storlek och komplexitet så kommer valet av arkitektur vara väldigt viktigt. Problem som kan uppstå när mjukvarukomplexiteten ökar är väntandet på dataaccesser, långa sekventiella exekveringar och potentiell förlust av data. Det finns ingen optimal mjukvaruarkitektur, det finns oräkneligt många sätt att designa program. Det är intressant att kolla på vilka arkitekturer som preseterar bäst sätt till exekveringstid när en hanterar ett flertal större system och stora mängder data. I den här avhandlingen kommer ett fall, kallat "Ingångsavdraget", att implementeras i en monolitisk och en event-driven arkitekturell stil och sedan köras igenom tre olika scenarion. Den monolitiska arkitekturen var vald på grund av dess enkelhet och populäritet vid utveckling av enklar program och system. Den event-drivna arkitekturen valdes på grund av vissa teoretiska fördelar, så som att kunna undvika sekventiell kommunikation mellan systemen och därmed reducera tiden som systemen väntar på svar från varandra. Den huvudsakliga forskningsfrågan som ska besvaras är vad de största fördelarna och nackdelarna är när man bygger större system med en event-driven arkitekturell stil. Andra forskningsfrågor inkludera hur arkitekturen påverkar effektiviteten hos en organisation och samarbetet mellan olika team, samt hur datasäkerheten hanteras. De två implementationerna sattes igång tre olika scenarion inom fallet, där exekveringstid, antal HTTP-anrop skickade, databasaccesser och event skickad mättes. Resultaten visar att den event-drivna arkitekturen presterade 9.4% långsamare i det första scenariot och 0.5% långsamare i det andra scenariot. I det tredje scenariot presterade den event-drivna lösningen 49.0% snabbare än den monolitiska lösningen och avslutade därmed scenariot under hälften av tiden. Den monolitiska implementationen presterade generellt väl under de simplare scenarion 1 och 2, där systemen hade färre integrationer till varandra. I dessa fallen så är den den föredragna lösningen eftersom det är lättare att designa och implementera. Den event-drivna lösningen presterade mycket bättre i det mer komplexa scenario 3, där många system och integrationer var inblandade, eftersom den kunde ta bort vissa kopplingar mellan system. Slutligen så diskuteras även hållbarhet och etik i studien, samt begränsningarna av forskningen och potentiellt framtida arbete.
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Oliveira, Luciana Pereira. "Future internet architecture to structure and to manage dynamic autonomous systems, internet service providers and customers." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1708.
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Previous issue date: 2008Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Diversos trabalhos na área de redes dinâmicas têm sido propostos na literatura com o objetivo de prover à arquitetura da Internet o suporte à mobilidade. O problema dessas redes instáveis na Internet consiste em oferecer um conjunto de mecanismo, tais como endereçamento, gerenciamento da informação e encaminhamento da informação, que suportem informação e entidade (Sistema Autônomo, Provedor de Serviços na Internet e Clientes) móveis. Nesse contexto, alguns trabalhos para arquitetura da Internet têm proposto uma maneira de separar a localização (atualmente o IP) e o nome identificador, devido ao forte relacionamento entre o IP e o nome. Em geral, eles propõem uma abordagem de roteamento na camada overlay para separar essas informações. Outros trabalhos acreditam que este desacoplamento não é suficiente para solucionar os problemas de mobilidade, desde que a dinamicidade gera muitas mensagens de controle e atualizações do vínculo entre o IP e o nome. Por essa razão, os pesquisadores também têm proposto novos modelos para gerenciar a camada overlay. Uma das contribuições deste trabalho é a proposta de uma solução para arquitetura da Internet denominada Stable Society que adota a abordagem de papéis. Um papel é uma unidade funcional que é utilizada para organizar a comunicação. Um importante diferencial da proposta é que além de desvincular o nome e a localização, ela também oferece soluções para os problemas relacionados a estruturação e manutenção da camada overlay. Além disso, este trabalho define quatro papéis: o mensageiro encaminha os dados dentro da sociedade; o guarda é a entidade mais estável para encaminhar mensagens entre as sociedades; o operário armazena informações; e o líder estrutura e gerencia a rede overlay. Reduzindo o escopo para a implementação desta dissertação de mestrado, o mensageiro e o guarda foram considerados como a camada de rede sem distinção de estabilidade, desde que o fornecimento de um mecanismo de gerenciamento do overlay de roteamento foi o objetivo do trabalho. Portanto, como prova do conceito apresentado pela proposta, os líderes e operários foram implementados, porque eles agem de maneira independente de tecnologia de acesso e são fundamentais para solucionar o problema da instabilidade nos processos de armazenamento e descoberta da informação. Como resultado, um novo algoritmo denominado Stable Society model over Distributes Hash Table (SSDHT) foi proposto. Além disso, este algoritmo foi comparado com outras soluções DHT (Chord). Os resultados mostraram que o SSDHT é um bom algoritmo, principalmente quando se aumenta a instabilidade (carga do tráfego, grau de mobilidade e tamanho da rede). Por exemplo, a taxa de mensagens entregue com sucesso foi acima de 90% quando a carga de tráfego, o grau de mobilidade e o tamanho da rede foram variados
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Bestani, Lucie. "Géométrie et cinématique de l’avant-pays provençal : modélisation par coupes équilibrées dans une zone à tectonique polyphasée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4313.
Full textAbstract:
L’architecture structurale et l’évolution du bassin d’avant-pays Pyrénéo-Alpin de Provence sont contrôlées par des failles profondes héritées du rifting de Gondwana au cours du Permo-Trias, par des variations d’épaisseur de la pile sédimentaire mésozoïque et par l'alternance d’évènements tectoniques compressifs et extensifs qui ont affecté la zone depuis la fin du Paléozoïque. La construction de deux coupes équilibrées d’échelle régionale (~150 km) montre que le style tectonique de l’avant-pays provençal est dominé par une tectonique de socle en Provence orientale et par une tectonique de couverture en Provence occidentale, associé avec du diapirisme dans les deux domaines. Les deux domaines sont couplés à l’échelle crustale et séparés par une zone d'accommodation dans la couverture: la Faille de la Moyenne Durance, dont la partie profonde est héritée du Paléozoïque. La structure actuelle de l’avant-pays Pyrénéo-Alpin de Provence correspond essentiellement à la signature de la compression Pyrénéo-Provençale Crétacé supérieur-Eocène (>90%). La part de la déformation Alpine est minime (9%). La phase d'extension Oligocène entre ces deux périodes compressives a été quantifiée à 1.7%. Les données de traces de fission sur apatite suggèrent une exhumation régionale à ~80 Ma reliée à la compression Pyrénéenne. Les chevauchements pyrénéens principaux ont joué simultanément, comme l’indiquent l’âge et la répartition des séries sédimentaires syntectoniquesThe structural architecture and evolution of the Pyrenean-Alpine foreland of Provence are controlled by deep-seated basement faults inherited from Gondwana rifting during Permo-Triassic time, by variations in the Mesozoic sedimentary pile thickness and by alternating compressive and extensive tectonic events that affected the area since the late Paleozoic. The construction of two balanced cross sections at regional scale (~150 km) shows that the structural style of the Provence foreland is dominated by thick-skinned tectonic in eastern Provence and thin-skinned tectonic in western Provence, associated with diapirism in each domain. Both domains are coupled at crustal scale and separated by an accommodation zone in the cover: the Middle Durance Fault, whose deep-seated part is inherited from the Paleozoic. The current structure of the Pyrenean-Alpine foreland of Provence mainly corresponds to the Pyrenean-Provence compression signature during Late Cretaceous to Eocene (>90%). The Alpine deformation proportion is minor (9%). The Oligocene extension phase between these two compressive periods has been quantified at 1.7%. The apatite fission track data suggests an exhumation stage around 80 Ma related to the Pyrenean compression. The main Pyrenean thrusts were synchronous, as indicated by the age and distribution of syntectonic sedimentary series
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Adán, Víctor Gabriel. "Hierarchical music structure analysis, modeling and resynthesis : a dynamical systems and signal processing approach." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33896.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-156).
The problem of creating generative music systems has been approached in different ways, each guided by different goals, aesthetics, beliefs and biases. These generative systems can be divided into two categories: the first is an ad hoc definition of the generative algorithms, the second is based on the idea of modeling and generalizing from preexistent music for the subsequent generation of new pieces. Most inductive models developed in the past have been probabilistic, while the majority of the deductive approaches have been rule based, some of them with very strong assumptions about music. In addition, almost all models have been discrete, most probably influenced by the discontinuous nature of traditional music notation. We approach the problem of inductive modeling of high level musical structures from a dynamical systems and signal processing perspective, focusing on motion per se independently of particular musical systems or styles. The point of departure is the construction of a state space that represents geometrically the motion characteristics of music. We address ways in which this state space can be modeled deterministically, as well as ways in which it can be transformed to generate new musical structures. Thus, in contrast to previous approaches to inductive music structure modeling, our models are continuous and mainly deterministic.
(cont.) We also address the problem of extracting a hierarchical representation of music from the state space and how a hierarchical decomposition can become a second source of generalization.
by Víctor Gabriel Adán.
S.M.
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Pradal, Christophe. "Architecture de dataflow pour des systèmes modulaires et génériques de simulation de plante." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS034.
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La modélisation en biologie, plus particulièrement celle de la croissance et du fonctionnement des plantes, est un domaine actuellement en pleine expansion, utile pour appréhender les enjeux liés au changement climatique et à la sécurité alimentaire au niveau mondial. La modélisation et la simulation sont des outils incontournables pour la compréhension des relations complexes entre l'architecture des plantes et les processus qui influencent leur croissance dans un environnement changeant. Pour la modélisation des plantes, un grand nombre de formalismes ont été développés dans de nombreuses disciplines et à différentes échelles de représentation. L'objectif de cette thèse est de définir une architecture modulaire qui permette de simuler des systèmes structure-fonction en réutilisant et en assemblant différents modèles existants. Nous étudierons d'abord les différentes approches de la réutilisation logicielle, proposées par Krueger, les systèmes à tableau noir et les systèmes de workflows scientifiques. Ces différentes approches sont utilisées afin de faire coopérer, de réutiliser et d'assembler des artefacts logiciels de façon modulaire. A partir du constat que ces systèmes fournissent les abstractions nécessaires à l'intégration d'artefacts variés, notre hypothèse de travail est qu'une architecture hybride, basée sur les systèmes à tableau noir avec un contrôle procédural piloté par dataflow, permettrait à la fois d'obtenir la modularité tout en permettant au modélisateur de garder le contrôle sur l'exécution. Dans le chapitre 2, nous décrivons la plateforme OpenAlea, une plateforme à composants logiciels et offrant un système de workflow scientifique, permettant l'assemblage et la composition de modèles à travers une interface de programmation visuelle. Dans le chapitre 3, nous proposons une structure de données pour le tableau noir, associant une représentation topologique de l'architecture des plantes à différentes échelles, le Multiscale Tree Graph, et sa spatialisation géométrique à l'aide de la bibliothèque 3D PlantGL. Ensuite, dans le chapitre 4, nous présentons les lambda-dataflows, une extension des dataflows permettant de coupler simulation et analyse. Puis, dans le chapitre 5, nous présentons une première application, qui illustre l'utilisation d'un modèle générique de feuilles de graminées dans différents modèles de plantes. Finalement, dans le chapitre 6, nous présentons l'ensemble des éléments de l'architecture utilisés pour élaborer un cadre générique de modélisation du développement des maladies foliaires dans un couvert architecturé. L'architecture présentée dans cette thèse et sa mise en œuvre dans OpenAlea sont un premier pas vers la réalisation de plateformes de modélisation intégratives ouvertes, permettant la coopération de modèles hétérogènes en biologie. L'utilisation du formalisme de workflows scientifiques en analyse et en simulation permet notamment d'envisager à court terme l'élaboration des plateformes de simulation collaboratives et distribuées à grande échelleBiological modeling, particularly of plant growth and functioning, is a rapidly expanding field that is useful in addressing climate change and food security issues at the global level. Modeling and simulation are essential tools for understanding the complex relationships between plant architecture and the processes that influence their growth in a changing environment.For plant modeling, a large number of formalisms have been developed in many disciplines and at different scales of representation.The objective of this thesis is to define a modular architecture that allows to simulate structural-functional plant systems by reusing and assembling different existing models.We will first study the different approaches to software reuse proposed by Krueger, then blackboard systems, and scientific workflow systems.These different approaches are used to cooperate, reuse and assemble software artifacts in a modular manner.Based on the observation that these systems provide the abstractions necessary for the integration of various artifacts, our working hypothesis is that a hybrid architecture, based on blackboard systems with dataflow-driven procedural control, would both achieve modularity while allowing the modeler to maintain control over execution.In Chapter 2, we describe the OpenAlea platform, a platform with software components and a scientific workflow system, allowing the assembly and composition of models through a visual programming interface. In Chapter 3, we propose a data structure for the blackboard, combining a topological representation of plant architecture at different scales, the Multiscale Tree Graph, and its geometric spatialization using the 3D PlantGL library. In chapter 4, we present the lambda-dataflows, an extension of dataflows allowing to couple simulation and analysis.Then, in Chapter 5, we present a first application, which illustrates the use of a generic gramineous leaf model in different plant models. Finally, in Chapter 6, we present all the architectural elements used to develop a generic framework for modelling the development of foliar diseases in an architectural canopy.The architecture presented in this thesis and its implementation in OpenAlea are a first step towards the realization of open integrative modeling platforms, allowing the cooperation of heterogeneous models in biology. The use of scientific workflow formalism in analysis and simulation makes it possible to consider in the short term the development of collaborative and distributed simulation platforms on a large scale
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Bouche, Dimitri. "Processus compositionnels interactifs : une architecture pour la programmation et l'exécution des structures musicales." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066533/document.
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Cette thèse vise à établir un système informatique permettant le calcul de structures musicales, leurs représentations/manipulations à un niveau compositionnel, ainsi que leurs diffusions interactives. Elle constitue une étude à la croisée de multiples domaines informatiques : la modélisation des systèmes discrets, l'ordonnancement, la conception logicielle ou encore les interfaces homme-machine. Nous proposons une architecture dans laquelle la modification des programmes peut affecter leurs sorties, y compris durant la phase de restitution, tout en conservant les avantages compositionnels d'une approche temps-différé. Nous introduisons également de nouveaux outils pour planifier leur exécution grâce à la conception de scenarios dynamiques, que nous appelons la meta-composition. Les mécanismes de calcul et de restitution sont entremêlés : la restitution peut être affectée par des calculs qu'elle a elle-même déclenchés. Les différents résultats décrits dans ce manuscrit sont implantés dans le logiciel de composition OpenMusic, qui peut alors modéliser les ¿uvres à la fois comme des structures musicales et comme des programmes en continuelle exécutionThis thesis aims at designing a computer system enabling the computation of musical structures, their presentation/handling on a compositional side, and their interactive rendering. It is a study at the crossroads between several computer science research fields : discrete systems modeling, scheduling, software design and human-computer interfaces. We propose an architecture where program editing can affect their outputs, including during the rendering phase, while preserving the compositional benefits of a deferred-time approach. Compositions are therefore considered as continually running programs, where computation and rendering mechanisms are interleaved. We introduce new tools and interfaces to arrange their execution through time thanks to dynamic temporal scenario scripting, which we call meta-composing. The different results described in this manuscript are implemented in the computer-aided composition environment OpenMusic
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Mackessy, Patrick S. "The Application Of Object-oriented Techniques To Preliminary Design Problems." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1548.
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Preliminary structural design is an early stage in building design during which the engineer formulates and assesses a number of different structural schemes. It is conceptual in nature and involves decision making, which relies on heuristics. Whilst preliminary structural design has not been well supported by PC software, recent research has indicated the potential for knowledge-based, object-oriented systems to assist in the area. This thesis explores the issues that arise when object-oriented techniques arc used to develop knowledge-based software. lt reviews certain basic principles of structural design, methods of representing structural design knowledge and earlier approaches to the design of software to support preliminary structural design. The thesis describes how the writer created a software development methodology to apply object-oriented analysis and design techniques. It then describes the use of this methodology to develop a system for preliminary structural design, including the drafting of requirements, the creation of an object model for these requirements and their implementation in Kappa-PC software. The thesis proposes an approach to the development of Software to support preliminary design in buildings and has demonstrated this approach in a prototype design tool. It has also described some of the difficulties hindering the effective application of the object-oriented methods.
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Raby, Douglas Allan. "Development of a system architecture and applications for an integrated computer software system for the analysis and design of steel structures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0017/MQ48372.pdf.
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Mohamad, Sabah Mohamad Amin. "Construction of a support tool for the design of the activity structures based computer system architectures." Thesis, Brunel University, 1986. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7882.
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This thesis is a reapproachment of diverse design concepts, brought to bear upon the computer system engineering problem of identification and control of highly constrained multiprocessing (HCM) computer machines. It contributes to the area of meta/general systems methodology, and brings a new insight into the design formalisms, and results afforded by bringing together various design concepts that can be used for the construction of highly constrained computer system architectures. A unique point of view is taken by assuming the process of identification and control of HCM computer systems to be the process generated by the Activity Structures Methodology (ASM). The research in ASM has emerged from the Neuroscience research, aiming at providing the techniques for combining the diverse knowledge sources that capture the 'deep knowledge' of this application field in an effective formal and computer representable form. To apply the ASM design guidelines in the realm of the distributed computer system design, we provide new design definitions for the identification and control of such machines in terms of realisations. These realisation definitions characterise the various classes of the identification and control problem. The classes covered consist of: 1. the identification of the designer activities, 2. the identification and control of the machine's distributed structures of behaviour, 3. the identification and control of the conversational environment activities (i.e. the randomised/ adaptive activities and interactions of both the user and the machine environments), 4. the identification and control of the substrata needed for the realisation of the machine, and 5. the identification of the admissible design data, both user-oriented and machineoriented, that can force the conversational environment to act in a self-regulating manner. All extent results are considered in this context, allowing the development of both necessary conditions for machine identification in terms of their distributed behaviours as well as the substrata structures of the unknown machine and sufficient conditions in terms of experiments on the unknown machine to achieve the self-regulation behaviour. We provide a detailed description of the design and implementation of the support software tool which can be used for aiding the process of constructing effective, HCM computer systems, based on various classes of identification and control. The design data of a highly constrained system, the NUKE, are used to verify the tool logic as well as the various identification and control procedures. Possible extensions as well as future work implied by the results are considered.
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Lemmens, Yves Claude Jean. "Modelling and analysis of engineering changes in complex systems." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2007. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/5071.
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Complex products are comprised of a large number of tightly integrated components, assemblies and systems resulting in extensive logical and physical interdependences between the constituent parts. Thus a change to one item of a system is highly likely to lead to a change to another item, which in turn can propagate further. The aim of this research therefore is to investigate dependency models that can be used to identify the impact and trace thepropagation of changes in different information domains, such as requirements, physical product architecture or organisation. Cont/d.
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Kenyon, Elizabeth Mary. "Predicting the Seismic Behavior of the Dywidag Ductile Connector (DDC) Precast Concrete System." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2008. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/36.
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Structural engineering is heavily dependent on the use of computers. When creating a building model using structural analysis software, it is required that the designer have an understanding of the system behavior and the modeling program capabilities.
Some engineers in the Southern California region are taking steps towards incorporating the Dywidag ductile connector (DDC) and super hybrid systems into building practice due to the advantages found in these systems’ construction methods and seismic performance.
As the DDC and super hybrid systems reach industry, the design engineer will need to model these systems using structural analysis programs. This report describes two DDC specimens that were each modeled two ways: (1) using elastic members in conjunction with nonlinear rotational hinges (lumped plasticity model), and (2) using finite elements (fiber model). The experimental pushover curve for each test specimen was compared to the corresponding analytical backbone curves.
The fiber modeling focuses on providing a means to study the joint behavior as the parameters of the system change. The lumped plasticity model provides the design engineer with a means for modeling a three-dimensional DDC building in order to get acceptable global demand values. This project offers modeling suggestions for both the fiber models and the lumped plasticity models used to predict the seismic behavior of the DDC precast concrete system.