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Journal articles on the topic 'Architectural Des'
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1
Liu, Jia Sheng. "The Influence of Architectural Culture on Architectural Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.278.
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The paper focuses on the relationship between the architectural culture and architectural design, puts forward the concept of architectural culture, expounds architectural cultures influence on Chinese traditional architecture and the western traditional architectures, and summarizes the importance and influence of architectural culture in the modern architectural design. This paper provides reference and experience for architects to design the modern architecture that can embody the design and spirit more vividly.
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Barbouche, Rached. "Modélisation, représentation et cartographie des formes du décor architectural." SHS Web of Conferences 47 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184701001.
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La production des formes en architecture est un acte dans lequel se construit le projet et se façonne l’espace. Elle est une action qui structure l’environnement humain. La conception architecturale est aussi une production spatiale de formes et exploration de potentialités de composition. Deux approches nous intéressent ici : formalisation du savoirfaire architectural et analyse des modes de composition en architecture. Il s’agit d’une part de comprendre la notion de composition, d’organisation et de configuration architecturale et d’autre part de décomposer, segmenter et caractériser morphologiquement un ensemble d’objets architecturaux (décors des fenêtres) en vue de mettre en évidence et d’expliquer les lois du système de formes qu’ils organisent. L’objectif est de développer des outils d’aide à la conception architecturale dans le cadre de la pédagogie du projet et de l’informatisation du savoir-faire architectural. La mise en place d’un environnement virtuel et d’un dispositif de matérialisation spatiale de formes apporte une aide opératoire dans la conception architecturale.
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Zou, Han, Jing Ge, Ruichao Liu, and Lin He. "Feature Recognition of Regional Architecture Forms Based on Machine Learning: A Case Study of Architecture Heritage in Hubei Province, China." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 3504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043504.
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Architecture form has been one of the hot areas in the field of architectural design, which reflects regional architectural features to some extent. However, most of the existing methods for architecture form belong to the field of qualitative analysis. Accordingly, quantitative methods are urgently required to extract regional architectural style, identify architecture form, and to and further provide the quantitative evaluation. Based on machine learning technology, this paper proposes a novel method to quantify the feature, form, and evaluation of regional architectures. First, we construct a training dataset—the Chinese Ancient Architecture Image Dataset (CAAID), in which each image is labeled by some experts as having at least one of three typical features such as “High Pedestal”, “Deep Eave” and “Elegant Gable”. Second, the CAAID is used to train our neural network model to identify three kinds of architectural features. In order to reveal the traditional forms of regional architecture in Hubei, we built the Hubei Architectural Heritage Image Dataset (HAHID) as our object dataset, in which we collected architectural images from four different regions including southeast, northeast, southwest, and northwest Hubei. Our object dataset is then fed into our neural network model to predict the typical features for those four regions in Hubei. The obtained quantitative results show that the feature identification of the architectural form is consistent with that of regional architectures in Hubei. Moreover, we can observe from the quantitative results that four geographic regions in Hubei show variation; for instance, the feature of the ‘elegant gable’ in southeastern Hubei is more evident, while the “Deep Eave” in the northwest is more evident. In addition, some new building images are selected to feed into our neural network model and the output quantitative results can effectively identify the corresponding feature style of regional architectures in Hubei. Therefore, our proposed method based on machine learning can be used not only as a quantitative tool to extract features of regional architectures, but also as an effective approach to evaluate architecture forms in the urban renewal process.
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Petcu, Elizabeth J. "Amorphous Ornament:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 77, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2018.77.1.29.
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Leon Battista Alberti famously likened the relationship between architectural structure and superstructure to the dualism of skeleton and skin. In Amorphous Ornament: Wendel Dietterlin and the Dissection of Architecture, Elizabeth J. Petcu scrutinizes how the Architectura treatise (1593–98) of Strasbourg artist Wendel Dietterlin the Elder (ca. 1550–99) subverted Alberti's theory and the aesthetic of stability it promoted by popularizing a style of amorphous architectural motifs that recall bone, cartilage, muscle, and flesh, melding built framework with decorative surface. Drawing these corporeal conceits from contemporary anatomical publications, Dietterlin inspired buildings, architectural prints, and objects that challenged tectonic conventions, upset the traditional split between exterior and interior, and emulated the figural arts’ involvement in representing interior human forms. In assessing how Dietterlin's Architectura turned the proverbial body of architecture inside out, Petcu demonstrates that Renaissance comparisons between body and building did not always project ideals of architectural beauty and reveals overlooked origins of baroque-era fusions of architecture and the figural arts.
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Erzen-Jale, Nejdet. "Form and meaning in architectural theory." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 7, no. 2 (2015): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1501075e.
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Often architectural theory has been articulated on prescriptive views about what architecture should be, rather than on views formulated from historical experiences and examples of architecture. In this paper I will try to offer readings of architectural form by looking at a historical example from classical Ottoman architecture and at contemporary examples, to show how different architectures treat form. In examples taken from Sinan's architecture, symbols are investigated in relation to movement, to urban settlement, to religion and power. It is hoped that this analysis will offer an understanding of how the significance of architecture in human experience and in the urban context goes beyond structure and function
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LÓPEZ-SANZ, MARCOS, JUAN MANUEL VARA, ESPERANZA MARCOS, and CARLOS E. CUESTA. "A MODEL-DRIVEN APPROACH TO WEAVE ARCHITECTURAL STYLES INTO SERVICE-ORIENTED ARCHITECTURES." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 20, no. 02 (June 2011): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843011002201.
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Model-driven development is recognized as one of the most promising approaches in software engineering. Recent research in the area highlights the importance of using an explicit architectural model in this context. Since service-oriented architectures have also demonstrated to be adequate to overcome current software needs, the idea of using the model-driven approach to generate service-oriented architectural models has successfully flourished in the last years. However, the emphasis on the Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) paradigm has led to the design of architectures lacking some desirable features. Knowing the benefits provided by architectural styles, we have found that their use can help us to overcome those needs. Our goal is to obtain a service-oriented model which satisfies the requirements of the concrete architecture and complies with the constraints and vocabulary defined for a specific architectural style. To achieve this, here, we propose to use a weaving model which merges the concrete architectural model with a model of the architectural style of choice.
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Schwarting, Andreas. "Die ganze Breite architekturgeschichtlicher Forschung." architectura 50, no. 1-2 (November 25, 2022): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2020-1005.
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Abstract In 1976, Wulf Schirmer, professor of architectural history at the University of Karlsruhe (TH), followed Heinrich Klotz as editor of the architectura and headed the editorial team until 2002. During this time, the journal developed into an open forum for the most diverse forms of research in architectural history – chronologically from the ruins of the 4th millennium BC to the architecture of the late 20th century, topographically from Europe, the Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, Asia and Russia to North and South America, and methodologically from architectural research to art history, architectural theory and the preservation of historical monuments.
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Shapiro, Michael J. "Architecture as event space: Violence, securitisation, and resistance." European Journal of International Security 4, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 366–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eis.2019.13.
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AbstractCentral to the conception of this article is the architectural theorist Bernard Tschumi's dictum, ‘There is no architecture without action, no architecture without events, no architecture without program … no architecture without violence.’ Shaped as well by Eyal Weizman's conception of ‘forensic architecture’, the focus of the investigation is on Israel's architecture of security and on the corresponding Palestinian architecture of resistance. Emphasising an encounter of cartographies that reveals the way Palestinians make life livable in response to the architectural violence they face, the analysis continues with reference to Yari Sharif's analysis of architectures of resistance and with a reading of a feature film, Hany Abu-Assad's Omar (2013) in which the Separation Wall between Israel and Palestine is one of the film's primary agent/protagonists. The article surveys popular culture texts, focused on crime and espionage to analyse a range of security practices and breaches that amplify the analysis with attention to security issues in individual households, multiple-person dwelling arrangements, architectural locations throughout cities, and buildings housing governmental security agencies. That trajectory of architectural sites lends a micropolitical analysis to the macropolitical level of governmental policy and modes of resistance to it.
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Papapostolu, A., and D. Birov. "Architecture Evolution through Dynamic Reconfiguration in jADL." Information Technologies and Control 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/itc-2017-0019.
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Abstract In software architecture the dynamic structure of a software system can be described in terms of components and connectors and expressed through the use of Architectural Description Languages (ADLs). We present jADL, a new ADL, designed for the creation and validation of dynamic and mobile architectures. It, also, aims to help towards the process of “unifying” the definition and implementation of an architecture in a way that the final result is consistent with the architecture in terms of both functional requirements and quality attributes. In this paper, we examine into details the definition and expression of jADL’s architectural elements; components, connectors, ports, roles and behaviour describing statements – attach, detach, config, bind. The attributes of synchronicity and multiplicity concerning the connections between architectural elements are presented. A special case of connections is presented – the bind statement and the construction of composite architectural elements. Also, a case study of the client-server dynamic model in jADL is presented and the possibilities of jADL for dynamic reconfiguration are explored.
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Navarro Morales, Maria Elisa. "Architectura natural, the Unpublished Fourth Volume of Juan Caramuel’s Seventeenth-Century Architectural Treatise." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2022.81.4.414.
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Abstract Architectura civil recta y obliqua (1678–79), by the Cistercian Juan Caramuel de Lobkowitz (1606–82), is one of the most important Spanish architectural treatises of the seventeenth century. The work was published in three volumes, and until recently, scholars knew of an unpublished fourth volume, Architectura natural, only through a fragment of sixty pages titled Compendio de architectura natural. In her Findings article Architectura natural, the Unpublished Fourth Volume of Juan Caramuel’s Seventeenth-Century Architectural Treatise, Maria Elisa Navarro Morales presents more than two hundred manuscript pages unearthed at the episcopal archive in Vigevano. This research not only proves that Caramuel intended to publish an additional volume but also critically expands our knowledge of his treatise by underscoring the vital importance of an understanding of the natural world for architectural education. This challenges our contemporary emphasis on professional specialization and invites us to rethink how architecture was viewed in the early modern world.
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Astrini, Wulan, E. B. Kurniawan, and M. Abdillah. "The Characteristics of Mosque Architecture Based on Public Preferences in Malang City." TATALOKA 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.1.137-145.
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Mosque is an architectural work and public facility that serves as a worship place for Muslims. Mosque architectural elements include domes (roofs), mihrab, minaret, arch, and ornaments. Mosque architecture comprises of various elements, which adapt to the local culture where the mosque is located. As such, its presence also bears some impacts on the appearance of urban architecture. Malang city as one of the major cities in East Java has numerous rapidly developing mosque architectures, including Jami’ Great Mosque of Malang, Sabilillah Mosque, Nurul Muttaqin Mosque, Ahmad Yani Mosque, and Manarul Huda Mosque. The meaning of architectural work is also closely related to the perception of humans who observe it. The public preference for the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city is a manifestation of architectural work. Conjoined analysis is employed as method operative to analyze public preference. This study aims to find out the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city according to public preferences. The findings can serve as a recommendation for the development of mosque architectural designs in Malang city, especially those possessing locality values. The architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city which are driven by the public preferences ranging from the highest to the lowest, which is why mosques generally have calligraphy ornaments, circular arch, pentagon-shaped minaret, Indo-Persian dome, and two-minaret design.
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Keinänen, Timo. "Architectural records in architectural museums: the Museum of Finnish Architecture." Comma 2009, no. 1 (January 2009): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/comma.2009.1.17.
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Coffeen, Robert C. "Teaching architectural acoustics to architecture, architectural engineering, and music students." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130, no. 4 (October 2011): 2465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3654897.
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Voronova, O. V., and I. V. Il’in. "Adapting TOGAF ADM to the Development and Implementation of Architectural Solutions in FMCG Chain Retailing." Economics and Management, no. 7 (September 15, 2019): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2019-7-97-107.
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The presented study adapts the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) to the development and implementation of architectural solutions in FMCG chain retailing.Aim. The study aims to adapt TOGAF ADM to the development and implementation of architectural solutions in FMCG chain retailing.Tasks. The authors formulate a definition of FMCG chain retailing architecture, determine the detail levels of architectural solutions, develop a basic architecture model, and examine the transition from the basic towards the target architecture. Building an efficient architectural solution for FMCG chain retailing enterprises using ADM requires creating a functional model and identifying groups of architectural areas for consistent architecture construction.Methods. The architecture of FMCG chain retailing is an efficient planning tool that combines the IT architecture of chain retailing with business architecture and makes it possible to achieve the strategic objectives of chain retailing. By developing an architectural solution, it becomes possible to determine business structure, systematize information for efficient business operations, build a map of the company’s business processes, and identify appropriate technologies to support these processes. The preliminary phase of building an architecture begins with the development of the business concept of a chain retailing company based on a business model. Starting with the preliminary phase, the working group launches an architecture project, goes through all the phases from the first stage to the last, and then launches the next project.Results. ADM TOGAF does not necessarily involve planning methods, which is why the result largely depends on the opinion of the working group. During TOGAF ADM activity, particular attention should be paid to the analysis of factors that affect the implementation and planned changes. Architecture blocks and architecture roadmap are two important elements of the development process. After analyzing the differences between the basic and the target architecture models (gap analysis), it is necessary to identify transient, excludable, and input architecture blocks, set and harmonize similar requirements for similar business processes, specify risks, and develop a strategy for the implementation of the target architecture. When making decisions, special attention should be paid to the priority of the chosen architectural solutions, formation of transit architectures (if necessary), and development of a plan for the implementation of the architectural roadmap in FMCG chain retailing.Conclusions. In the context of reengineering business processes of chain retailing companies, the most solid basis for building architectural solutions using ADM would be the company’s functional model. The proposed ADM adaptation on the basis of the functional model significantly increases the effi-ciency of development and management of architecture development for FMCG chain retailing companies.
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Andersen, Angela. "Hinterland Forces: Architectural Responses at the Margins." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 11, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00078_2.
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Marginalized communities use, adapt, and produce architectures in hinterland spaces in response to geographical, environmental, social, nationalist, and other political forces. Scholarly discourse and approaches to architectural practice may likewise be formed and coerced through marginalization. The hinterland, as the outlying territory beyond the urban or geographical centre, is the physical manifestation of these forces that shape the social margins. At times, architecture is itself a marginalizing actor, and at others, it becomes the site of resistance and negotiation, providing spatial agency and autonomy, and facilitating distributive justice in regard to services and resources. In the hinterland, new architectures are created, pre-existing spaces are destroyed and re-made, and movement, change, and adaptation are given momentum. This article introduces the special issue on hinterland forces. I categorize architectural responses, both in architecture made and used by those in power to control marginal populations, and created by and for marginalized people. This is followed by a summary of the multi-field perspectives and scholarly methods of the contributing authors. The discussion focuses on architectural matters relevant to Islamic societies in several global regions, but the socio-spatial questions and associated responsibilities are relevant to practitioners and scholars in all architectural fields.
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Stenslie, Stahl, and Magne Wiggen. "Preemptive Architecture: Explosive Art and Future Architectures in Cursed Urban Zones." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies, no. 12 (April 15, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25038/am.v0i12.165.
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This article describes the art and architectural research project Preemptive Architecture that uses artistic strategies and approaches to create bomb-ready architectural structures that act as instruments for the undoing of violence in war. Increasing environmental usability through destruction represents an inverse strategy that reverses common thinking patterns about warfare, art and architecture. Building structures predestined for a constructive destruction becomes a creative act. One of the main motivations behind this paper is to challenge and expand the material thinking as well as the socio-political conditions related to artistic, architectural and design based practices. Article received: December 12, 2016; Article accepted: January 10, 2017; Published online: April 20, 2017Original scholarly paperHow to cite this article: Stenslie, Stahl, and Magne Wiggen. "Preemptive Architecture: Explosive Art and Future Architectures in Cursed Urban Zones." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 12 (2017): 29-39.
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Shan, Linlin, and Long Zhang. "Application of Intelligent Technology in Facade Style Recognition of Harbin Modern Architecture." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 9, 2022): 7073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127073.
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The judgment of facade styles is an important part of the sustainable utilization and restorative process of historical architectures. Contemporary Harbin needs the help of modern architectural facade forms in the planning of the famous historic city, especially with the facade renovation of old architectures with non-cultural heritage. This paper discusses the possibility of applying advanced image recognition algorithms to the classification of the modern Harbin architectural facade styles and argues that the keys to the classification and positioning of the styles are the forms, the details, and the decorative patterns of the architectural facades, together with the deformation and the quantitative variation factors of the facade decoration symbols. Based on the conventional classification method, the facade styles of Harbin modern architecture were divided into 12 categories after data analysis. To better capture the overall structure information and the style features of the local components in the architectural images, the group convolution and the dilated convolution were added into the ResNet model, and then, the improved channel attention mechanism was introduced to construct a novel CA-MSResNet model. The CA-MSResNet model could more accurately identify the morphological elements and the style categories of the architectures, and the average accuracy reached 87.5%. These techniques, with their promising results, are expected to be further applied in the future research on the sustainable utilization and renovation of Harbin modern architecture.
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Xu, Bao Hui, and Yu Bao. "Landscape Architectural Design of Ecological Sightseeing Park." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 1760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1760.
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Ecological tourism park is a new form of tourism emerging in recent years, which have very important significance to the new rural construction. The design of landscape architecture in ecological park is still at the exploratory stage. This paper presents the design idea, design method of landscape architecture. In order to improve the design level of architectures in the ecological park, the method of integrating the architectural art, design technology and environment is proposed.
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M. M. Azhar Al-Bakari, Imad. "Concepts Architecture For Architectural Students." AL-Rafdain Engineering Journal (AREJ) 15, no. 4 (December 28, 2007): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2007.45256.
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Segrest, Robert. "The Architecture of Architectural Education." Assemblage, no. 33 (August 1997): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171382.
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Долгов, Александр Владимирович. "Architectural ordination in wooden architecture." Академический вестник УралНИИпроект РААСН, no. 4(55) (December 30, 2022): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25628/uniip.2022.55.4.007.
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Статья посвящена проверке гипотезы о распространенности использования архитектурной ординации как проектного метода, позволяющего достичь эвритмии фасадных форм в деревянном зодчестве. На основе проведенного автором ординационного анализа форм деревянного оконного наличника середины XIX века и фрагмента фасада екатеринбургского городского особняка конца XIX века, построенного по проекту академика архитектуры Ю. О. Дютеля, исследовательская гипотеза получила подтверждение. Установленные эвритмические соответствия принципиально аналогичны тем, что использовались в классицистической архитектуре. The article is devoted to testing the hypothesis about the prevalence of the use of architectural ordination as a design method that allows achieving the eurythmy of facade forms in wooden architecture. Based on the ordination analysis of the forms of the wooden window casing of the mid-XIX century and a fragment of the facade of the Yekaterinburg city mansion of the late XIX century, built according to the project of the academician of architecture Yu. O. Dyutel, the research hypothesis was confirmed. The established eurythmic correspondences are fundamentally similar to those used in classical architecture.
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Manic, Bozidar, Dragana Vasiljevic-Tomic, and Ana Nikovic. "Contemporary Serbian Orthodox church architecture: Architectural competitions since 1990." Spatium, no. 35 (2016): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1635010m.
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This paper focuses on the architectural competitions for Orthodox Christian churches in Serbia since 1990, both on the analysis of the designs submitted and the competition requirements. The first competition for an Orthodox church in Serbia after World War II was announced for Pristina in 1991. After that, competitions for the temple in Cukarica, Novi Beograd, Nis, Aleksinac and Krusevac were conducted. Thanks to the fact that architectural competitions allow a greater degree of creative freedom to the architects than regular practice, various solutions were offered, from replicas of models from architectural history and tradition to fully non-traditional proposals. Depending on the relationship to tradition, architectural design approaches can be classified into three main groups: radically modernizing, conservatively traditionalist, and compromising. Of the six competitions conducted, four churches were built, which are among the most architecturally successful newer churches in Serbia. This points to the importance of the implementation of the architectural competition in this field of architecture. The diversity of the award-winning projects shows that there is awareness of the possibility for the further development of church architecture, favouring a moderate approach.
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Nash, Joshua. "Architectural Pilgrimage." Transfers 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2015.050208.
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Architectural pilgrimage is implicitly appreciated in architecture and design circles, especially by students who are encouraged to “travel to architecture,” with the focus on the Grand Tour as a means of architectural exploration. However, the expression has not been made explicit in the fields of architectural history, pilgrimage studies, tourism research, and mobility studies. I explore how pilgrimage to locations of modern architectural interest affects and informs pilgrims' and architects' conceptions of buildings and the pilgrimage journey itself. Drawing initially on a European architectural pilgrimage, the personal narrative highlights the importance of self-reflection and introspection when observing the built environment and the role of language in mediating processes of movement through and creation of architectural place-space.
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Xu, Yongrui, and Peng Liang. "A Cooperative Coevolution Approach to Automate Pattern-based Software Architectural Synthesis." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 24, no. 10 (December 2014): 1387–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194014400130.
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To reuse successful experience in software architecture design, architects use architectural patterns as reusable architectural knowledge for architectural synthesis. However, it has been observed that the resulting architecture does not always conform to the initial architectural patterns employed. Architectural synthesis using architectural patterns is also recognized as a challenging task, especially for novice architects due to lack of experience. In this paper, we propose a cooperative coevolution approach to automate architectural synthesis using architectural patterns. We first analyze several common architectural patterns and the constraints when using them. We then extend existing architectural synthesis activity with patterns based on the results of this analysis. Finally, we map the extended architectural synthesis to a cooperative coevolution model, which can optimize the resulting architectural solutions and avoid the violations to the pattern constraints automatically. We evaluate the proposed approach through a case study: architecture design of a cinema booking system. The results show that the proposed approach can generate architectural solutions which are closer to the expert design.
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Alashqar, Abdelkareem M., Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Ahmad Abo Elfetouh. "A Framework for Selecting Architectural Tactics Using Fuzzy Measures." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 27, no. 03 (April 2017): 475–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194017500176.
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Software architects cannot avoid the consideration of quality attributes when designing software architecture. Architectural styles such as Layers and Client-Server are often used by architects to describe the overall structure and behavior of software. Although an architectural style affects the achievement of quality attributes, these quality attributes are directly performed by design decisions called architectural tactics. While the implementation of an architectural tactic supports a specific quality attribute, it often enhances or hurts other quality attributes in the software. In this paper, a framework for selecting the most appropriate architectural tactics according to their best achievement of the required levels of quality attributes when developing transaction processing systems is proposed. The proposed framework is based on fuzzy measures using Choquet Integral approach and takes into account the impact of architectural tactics on quality attributes, the preferences of quality attributes and the interactions between them. It can also be used to compare different potential architectures in terms of their supporting of quality attributes. The abilities and the advantages of the proposed framework are clarified via practical experiments using a case study.
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Li, Shao Hong. "Study on Architectural Art of the Former German Governor’s Residence in Qingdao." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.310.
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The Former German Governor’s Residence in Qingdao was by far the most spectacular building in residential architectures on the German Colonial period. This article studied architectural art of the Former German Governor’s Residence from architectural plan layout, building facades decorating, building structures and materials, and made these three respects compare with the Chinese traditional residential architecture. The architectural plan layout was in common about separate house on the German Colonial period, it inherited the German romantic style of the traditional residential buildings since the 16th century; its facades kept different and changeful; but primary and secondary clear, gorgeous, lively and dignified. The architectural structure was brick stone and wood hybrid construction. In this eclectic style of the building could be seen Germany was one of the birthplaces of the Modern Movement, and it had begun to explore using modern materials and new technologies, but its architectural forms was still the old form.
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Xiang, Xingwei, Xiaolong Yang, Jixi Chen, Renzhong Tang, and Luoke Hu. "A Comprehensive Model of Teaching Digital Design in Architecture that Incorporates Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 8368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208368.
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Digital technology and its use in architecture support the construction industry in transitioning to more sustainable building development. Digital technology is widely taught in architecture programs in China, but there are few consistent strategies for combining digital architectural design with traditional architectural design in architectural education. Consequently, sustainable design concepts are not included in digital architectural design courses, and thus architectural education is not concerned with sustainable development. In this paper, we focus on the teaching of digital design in architecture and investigate how digital architectural design teaching can incorporate sustainability. Data from 15 universities were qualitatively analyzed, leading to the development of four models of teaching digital architectural design. Development of the models revealed that there are three increasing levels in digital architectural design teaching and that there is a close relationship between the teaching level and the transfer of architectural knowledge. This recognition led to the development of a single comprehensive model of digital architectural design teaching that is universally applicable. This research increases our understanding of digital architectural design teaching in architecture programs and strengthens the multi-level connections between digital architectural design teaching and designing and constructing sustainable built objects.
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Ma, Jian. "Architectural Programming and Architectural Design." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 2650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2650.
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Architectural programming provides the basis of architectural design, and provides a framework to guide the whole construction process, results and quality control of the project, the construction activities towards our default direction. Architecture programming plays a very important role in the control of the whole design process and design quality.
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Corniello, L. "3D MODELING AND VISUALIZATION OF ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W5-2021 (December 23, 2021): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w5-2021-159-2021.
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Abstract. The study presents the results of architectural and vegetation survey missions in the UNESCO site of Quinta da Regaleira in the city of Sintra, Portugal. The different types of connecting elements of the epigean and hypogean architectures in the Park are analysed through the disciplinary tools of architectural design. Surveys and models of some of the connecting elements are proposed for an understanding of the site and its subsequent protection and valorisation through digital documentation. Of great interest is the architectural and social relationship that the site establishes with the city of Sintra.The survey of epigean architecture considered the following: the Casa da Renasceça, the Capela, the Cocheiras, the Estufa, the Oficina das Artes, the Loggia dos Pisoes, the Casa dos Ibis, the Torre da Regaleira the Terraço dos Mundos Celestes and the Fonte da Abundância.The survey of underground architecture considered the following architectures: the Gruta do Labirinto, the Gruta da Leda, the Lago da Cascata, the Gruta do Aquario, the Gruta do Oriente, the Portal dos Guardiães, the Poço Imperfeito and the Poço Iniziático.The work constitutes a complete and accurate analysis, represented through technical drawings, in different scales, digital point clouds and 3D modelling for the visualisation of the architecture in the Quinta da Regaleira in Sintra.
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Sener, Mehmet, and Neslihan Türkmenoğlu Bayraktar. "ARCHITECTURAL POLYGLOSSIA IN PUBLIC BUILDING FACADES OF LATE OTTOMAN PERIOD." Journal of Islamic Architecture 5, no. 1 (June 21, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jia.v5i1.4520.
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<p>The 19<sup>th</sup> century was a period of significant transformations in Ottoman architecture in terms of the professionalization of discipline and the actualization of new construction technologies and architectural styles. The basic reason for this situation was the changing politics of Ottoman rulers that was based on the aim of achieving westernization in every aspect of life. In this context, an architectural medium has occurred especially in public building constructions where western based design approaches dominated the architectural production. Whereas, public buildings having different architectural characteristics than this westernization based architectural production, were also constructed in different peripheries of the empire. It is argued in this article that public buildings with polyglossia architectures were built in those regions that were generally concentrated on the facades and had architectural qualities different than the public building constructions executed mostly in İstanbul and other central cities of the empire. In this framework, the characteristics of these polyglossia observed on public building facades that contributed to the formation of architectural diversities in the empire are aimed to be examined. These polyglossia approaches that didn’t transform into stabled architectural styles are evaluated within the framework of the design components and constructional elements applied on the buildings. </p>
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Tong, Lihong, and Xueliang Zhu. "Analysis on Application of Traditional Architectural Elements in Modern Architectural Design." World Construction 4, no. 3 (September 20, 2015): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wcj.v4i3.7.
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<p>In modern architectural design, the scientific use and development of Chinese traditional architectural elements is an issue studied in-depth by every building designer. Exploration is made from the application of humanity concept in traditional Chinese architectural culture. The traditional architectural space design applications, the use of traditional architecture symbols, traditional architectural elements applications and other aspects, have important significance to implant traditional Chinese architectural elements into the development of modern architecture.</p>
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Tong, Lihong, and Xueliang Zhu. "Analysis on Application of Traditional Architectural Elements in Modern Architectural Design." World Construction 4, no. 3 (September 20, 2015): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wc.v4i3.7.
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<p>In modern architectural design, the scientific use and development of Chinese traditional architectural elements is an issue studied in-depth by every building designer. Exploration is made from the application of humanity concept in traditional Chinese architectural culture. The traditional architectural space design applications, the use of traditional architecture symbols, traditional architectural elements applications and other aspects, have important significance to implant traditional Chinese architectural elements into the development of modern architecture.</p>
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Wu, Xiaowen, and Claudio Gambadella. "Religions Culture Sharps the Space." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.658.
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Religious culture shapes the characters of space and it reflects people’s attitudes towards the relationships between people and gods. Every religious architecture, such as a temple or a church, demonstrates its physical connections with life. This paper focuses on comparing different countries’ religious architectures to better understand the dominant cultural elements which influence design concepts of these architectures. In Western cultures, the religious architecture format is the church. However, Tadao Ando designs the Church of the Light with oriental features. It changes western religious cultures to adapt to local conditions. Ando’s work is just one of many examples in which the local culture can transform religious architecture form with their own characters, and nake it become an iconic mark to represent their country. This paper, analyzing project thinking and development invovling a local citizen, user, artist, and architect, tries to find out how design concepts, decisions on site location, and construction method will be determined. In these case studies on architectural formats from all over the world, this paper uses valuable data to show what elements will be the most critical ones to influence people’s thinking about religious cultures and religious architectural transformation. Furthermore, in this research, it compares religious cultural characters between western and oriental regions. This research also answers questions about how cultures change local people’s behaviors. This is the most valuable point of religious architectures, because they can comfort people and mitigate their sorrow. The research demonstrates how religious cultures and understanding about life can further develop architecture forms. Local materials and conditions are key factors which greatly influence architectural designs. Moreover, this paper compares the latest technology and development of construction materials to illustrate how technology reshapes religious designs in our age. It links local cultures with contemporary architectures to help local architectures continue to develop with their unique characters instead of being eliminated by globalization.
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Salura, Purnama, Stephanie Clarissa, and Reginaldo Christophori Lake. "Reflecting the Spirit of Modern-Indonesia Through Architecture: The Icono-Symbolical Meanings of Jengki Architectural Style Case Studies: Bandung Polytechnic of Health Building and Bumi Sangkuriang Meeting Hall in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia." Journal of Design and Built Environment 20, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol20no2.2.
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The architectural discourse in Indonesia generally focuses on traditional architecture that represents specific regional icons, the synthesis of traditional architecture with European-style architecture, and modern architecture inspired by International Style. This research focuses on the architectural style in Indonesia which flourished in the 1950s, known as the Jengki architectural style. This architectural style is essential in the history of Indonesian architecture, considering that the style reflects the spirit of nationalism and post-colonial Indonesian. This research aims to explore the icons of Jengki architecture, by elucidating the architectural concepts that underlie the two oldest Jengki buildings in Bandung, West Java. The analysis showed that the characteristics of this architectural style shown by the configuration of architectural elements resembling the form of a pentagon, mostly asymmetrical in spatial layout, playful articulation of ornaments, and the use of local materials. The pentagon becomes an icon of Pancasila, which is a foundational principle of the new Indonesian state and symbolize the meaning of nationalism. Thus, the icon which also represents symbolic meaning becomes an essential aspect in the design of Jengki-style buildings in the future. This icon can be an alternative to be applied to modern buildings that are intended to display national icons, rather than particular regional icons. Besides enriching the architectural knowledge of Indonesian architecture, the results of this study are beneficial to architectural practitioners, stakeholders, and architectural conservationists as well
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Adiyanto, Johannes. "Modern architecture in Indonesia: A genealogy study." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 5, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v5i3.465.
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Architectures in Indonesia are often identified as 'unique' compared to European and American constructions. They are referred to as Wastuwidya by Mangunwijaya and Nusantara by Prijotomo. This paper, therefore, aimed to examine the reasons for the perceived similar principles between the Indonesian architectures and those in Europe or America and also reviewed the architecture in the country beyond the identity. This involved the application of a historical approach with synchronous-diachronic methods to determine the significance of a historical timeline and its architectural content. The results showed the country’s modern architecture is associated with the foreign entry, its climate, and socio-cultural conditions, and also perceived as a sign of certain political powers presented during the Daendels and Sukarno era. Indonesian and European/American architectural designs were also observed to have different entry processes. Therefore, modern architecture should be perceived as a process rather than a product.
© 2020 Johannes Adiyanto
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Luo, Jin Ge, and Fei Hu Chen. "Symbolic Representation of Indigenous Architectures in Meishan Region." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.168.
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The regional expression of architecture is a hot topic in the field of architectural research. The symbolic representation of architectures is the key technique of expression of regional architectures and indigenous culture. Based on a case study of Meishan Cultural Park, this paper discussed the features of symbolic representation and its function in the protection and transition of regional culture and architectures.
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Wang, Yanxia, and Leiyi Chen. "Architectural and Landscape Garden Planning Integrated with Artificial Intelligence Parametric Analysis." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (March 11, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8577269.
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Parametric design, driven by digital technology, has sparked extensive research and debate in the domains of architecture and urban planning, offering a new approach to issue solving. Architecture and landscape architecture, like architecture and urban planning, are disciplines that are part of the artificial environment. Architectural landscape design has begun to be influenced by parametric design. This study presents a more technical parametric design technique of architectural landscape design that involves artificial intelligence parametric analysis and proposes an architectural landscape planning and design method that incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) parametric analysis. This is a new discipline of concurrent design that complements and expands architectural landscape design methodologies and is based on artificial intelligence methods. This study integrates artificial intelligence parametric design theory and methodology into architectural landscape design and presents a parametric method appropriate for landscape architecture design based on architectural landscape architecture characteristics.
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Francalanci, Chiara, and Vincenzo Piuri. "Designing Information Technology Architectures: A Cost-Oriented Methodology." Journal of Information Technology 14, no. 2 (June 1999): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629901400207.
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This paper proposes a design methodology of information technology architectures tying organizational requirements to technical choices and costs. The primary goal is to provide a structured support for the selection of the minimum-cost architecture satisfying given organizational requirements. Previous empirical studies have attempted absolute cost comparisons of different architectural solutions, primarily relying on the expertise of practitioners and a priori beliefs, but have rarely taken into account the impact of organizational requirements on costs. Requirements are modelled as information processes, composed of tasks exchanging information and characterized by varying levels of computational complexity. Different architectural distributions of presentation, computation and data management applications are compared. The cost implications of organizational requirements for processing intensity, communication intensity and networking are analysed. The results show a relationship between structural features of information processes and architectural costs and indicate how architectural design should be based on organizational as well as technology considerations.
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Figueira, Jorge, and Bruno Gil. "Biographies of Power: Personalities and Architectures." Joelho Revista de Cultura Arquitectonica, no. 8 (December 26, 2017): 170–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8681_8_11.
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This section displays the work produced by the students of the Department of Architecture of the University of Coimbra (DARQ, UC) for the courses History of Architecture III and History of Architecture IV in the academic year 2016-2017. The main theme for the practical works of both course units was Biographies of Power: Personalities and Architectures. The work was exhibited in the gallery of DARQ, UC in September 2017. The works presented for Biographies of Power: Personalities were focused on the passage of testimony between Louis Sullivan and F. L. Wright. While they crucially contributed to the identity of a modern and American architecture, they carried out a professional and personal relationship that was also guided by the measurement of forces. The work done by the students for Biographies of Power: Architectures resulted from an observation of a set of buildings that goes beyond their architectural and physical contours, or which precisely searches for their actual description, in the light of any ideology that is ultimately represented or even reinforced by its own architectural condition.
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Hasegawa, Shiho. "A study of the biological concept in architectural thought: A comparison between 'Der raum als membran' (1926) and 'Metabolism' (1960)." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 11, no. 3 (2019): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1903427h.
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This study analyzes the biological influence on the architecture in the 20th century by focusing on two particular biological architectural thought; "Der Raum als Membran (Space as Membrane)" by Siegfried Ebeling in 1926 and "Metabolism" by a group of Japanese architects in 1960. First, I discuss "Der Raum als Membran". Ebeling saw architecture or space as a biological membrane, like skin or a cell, and he proposed a theory of biological architecture. He not only introduced into planning an environment this biological metaphor with its flexibility of a membrane but also incorporated a biological concept like Umwelt. Second, I investigate a manifesto by the name of "Metabolism", which was produced in 1960 by a group of Japanese architects. They thought buildings and urban designs had an existence and underwent metabolism, which is a basic function of living things, and proposed variable and proliferate architectures having dynamic time spans. By comparing these biological architectural concepts, I point out three main similarities: 1) the expansion of the biological concept into architecture; 2) the cell as a metaphor; and 3) dynamic buildings or urban design. Although the authors had different backgrounds, all of them introduced new architectural ideas in their own times.
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Asak, Ilayda. "A study on graduate level education in architecture: Case of Turkey." Global Journal of Arts Education 6, no. 3 (May 31, 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjae.v6i3.1702.
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Today, there are 41 universities offering graduate education programs in architecture. Those programs cover a number of different topics including architectural conservation and restoration, architectural restoration, architectural design, informatics in architectural design, architectural planning and design, architecture history, architectural history and theory, architecture and built environment, digital design in architecture and production. The council of higher education presents that 2978 master theses submitted and approved by Council of higher education. In this study, the master theses submitted to the graduate programs have been investigated. Matrix has been developed regarding o the sex, language, topics, universities. The types of graduate school are natural science and social science. The results of the study show that the number of female students is higher than the male students. The number of theses in Turkish is increasing. The increasing number of theses investigating build technology builds physics and building and construction and computational design is of importance. It is possible to determine that the current and popular topics of Turkish graduate programs in Architecture are in parallel with the prevailing agenda of World architecture.
Key Words: theses in architecture, graduate level education, architectural education.
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Dončević, Juraj, Krešimir Fertalj, Mario Brčić, and Agneza Krajna. "Mask–Mediator–Wrapper: A Revised Mediator–Wrapper Architecture for Heterogeneous Data Source Integration." Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 2471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13042471.
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This paper deals with the mediator–wrapper architecture and observes it in more modern aspects by relating it to architectural quanta. It is an important architectural pattern that enables a more flexible and modular architecture in opposition to monolithic architectures for data source integration systems. This paper identifies certain realistic and concrete scenarios where the mediator–wrapper architecture underperforms. These issues are addressed with the extension of the architecture via the mask component type. The mask component is detailed so it can be reasoned about without prescribing a concrete programming language or paradigm but still providing a working principle. The benefits of the new mask–mediator–wrapper architecture are analytically proven in relevant scenarios. The proof includes a software shift–cost analysis whose results quantitatively show the improvement of the mask–mediator–wrapper architecture over other mediator–wrapper architecture settings. One of the applications of the new architecture is envisioned for modern data sources integration systems backing big data processing.
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Delitz, Heike. "Architectural Modes of Collective Existence: Architectural Sociology as a Comparative Social Theory." Cultural Sociology 12, no. 1 (September 26, 2017): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975517718435.
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This article proposes a cross-cultural, comparative architectural sociology as a means of sociological analysis. It also emphasizes the social positivity of architecture. After a short overview of architectural sociology and its history, the article outlines a sociological theory which sees architecture and related practices as a constitutive ‘mode of collective existence’. The article argues that architecture (in a broad sense) is not a mere ‘reflection’ or ‘mirror’ of society, but rather a constitutive and transformative medium of the imaginary institution of society (Castoriadis), its assemblages (Deleuze), as well as its subjects (Foucault). In other words, it claims that architecture is a material and symbolic ‘mode’ through which societies and individuals are constituted and transformed. As architecture is a cultural technique, which is primarily enacted in relation to bodies, perceptions and affects (rather than in a discursive, reflective way), the social effects of architecture can best be understood and analysed through a comparative lens. Finally, therefore, the article unfolds a tableau of diverse architectural modes of collective existence, thus providing an overview of different socio-architectural constellations. Such a comparative and synchronical view of different societies allows for a sociology of architecture which analyses architectural transformations – both historical and contemporary.
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Nepravishta, Florian. "Contemporary Architecture in Tirana during the Transition Period." South East European Journal of Architecture and Design 2016 (May 12, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/seejad.2016.10019.
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AIM: Tirana is a city that in transition period has been changed and transformed both architecturally and in its urban form.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Unavoidable changes in urban rush: from unregulated spontaneous development and without infrastructure it has gone through the urban redevelopment planning and architectural projects.RESULTS: Actually some of the most famous European studios, from Bolles+Wilson to MVRDV, AtenaStudio, Bjarke Ingels, Archaea Studio, Grimshaw, Daniel Libeskind are facing Tirana capital that has claimed the international architectural culture’s attention.CONCLUSION: This article draws a view of contemporary architecture produced by domestic and international architects and planners in a city looking through the new century with a will of renewal throw contemporary planning and architecture.
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Suharjanto, Gatot. "Konsep Arsitektur Tradisional Sunda Masa Lalu dan Masa Kini." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v5i1.2644.
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It is known that traditional architectures are a product of human conception full of culture and philosophy, while modern architectural concepts prioritize functionality and simplicity that tends to be simple or quick. Now the architectural concept slowly changes according to the conditions of time, then so is the existence of works of architecture that also changes. This condition can be found in almost major cities in Indonesia, where many houses or buildings built still in traditional architecture theme but combined and matched with modern architecture concept. One of many diverse cultures of Indonesia archipelago architecture that has evolved is West Java. There are a lot of people trying to apply the concept of Sundanese traditional house in their residence. Shifting sacred values in traditional concept seems indeed to be lost along with the differences in modern human civilization.
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Dymchenko, M., N. Brykova, and I. Lokonova. "Architectural form as a subject of cultural communication." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128102003.
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The aim of the article is to investigate the architectural form self-representation processes in the spatial experience of culture. Theoretical and methodological prism of the research is the semiotic concept of architecture of W. Eco and the concept of E. Panofsky correlating with it and explaining the nature of the Gothic architectural form evolution. The architectural reality self-definition problem in the context of the historical development of cultural and anthropological experience spatial codes is considered. On the basis of W. Eco’s semiotic concept of architecture we propose the vision of architectural object as a form in which the signifier - the “grammar” of architectural text - is treated as a signifier in the unity of meanings, functions and structures of the work. Architectural form in this capacity is described as a subject of socio-cultural communication, an individual link in the spatial code mediation chain of this or that tradition. On the basis of the comparative analysis, we have demonstrated the similarity of semiotic approach to the essence of architecture and Gothic architectural thinking of E. Panofsky. It shows the relevance of this methodology for modern architecture theory allowing to reveal the processes of architectural reality affirmation. The significance of the results for the theory of architecture consists in the fact that the heuristic significance of Eco’s semiotic conception of architecture was substantiated by E. Panofsky’s conclusions concerning the essence of Gothic form-building. The notion of architectural form as a subject of cultural communication greatly extends the architectural reality affirmative nature notion.
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Stantchev, V., and M. Malek. "Architectural translucency in service-oriented architectures." IEE Proceedings - Software 153, no. 1 (2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-sen:20050017.
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Arita, Hartanto Budiyuwono, and Yuswadi Saliya. "Acculturation of local and non-local architecture on the scoping elements of the Merah Panjunan Mosque building in Cirebon." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 6, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v6i2.755.
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Architectural acculturation has a significant and uniform impact on modern architecture. However, the misunderstanding of this phenomenon tends to occur due to its inability to match its context's function and meaning. Therefore, this study aims to examine the acculturation of local and non-local architecture in mosque buildings. Previous research only focuses on mosque buildings as a syncretic factor, with none on the attributed topic. The research object is the Merah Panjunan Mosque in Cirebon City. This object was chosen based on the building age, the acculturation phenomenon that occurs, and because it is one of the cultural heritage in Cirebon City. The research method includes redrawing the Merah Panjunan Mosque's entire mass in three and two dimensions, making it easy to parse based on architectural anatomy. The study object's decomposition is intended to facilitate analysis in each unit of architectural elements, which is read based on the elaboration of the balance and orientation principles. The analysis results are interpreted in the conclusion section with the Merah Panjunan Mosque capable of displaying local and non-local architecture characterized by Javanese and Chinese architectures as well as a Hindu temple. The dominant composition of the Merah Panjunan Mosque acculturation is shown in the roof elements. Therefore, this research implies that Merah Panjunan acts as a reference for architectural design with the acculturation concept.
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Papasterevski, Dimitar. "Architectural Term: Self – Similarity." South East European Journal of Architecture and Design 2020 (June 12, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/seejad.2020.10054.
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Architecture, as one of the oldest areas of human activity, describes several categories that seem to be effective today: firmitas, utilities, venustas. But on the other hand, almost every period re-examines and reinterprets these terms. What is happening today? Are there old provisions still? Can we create new ones or expand, modify or re-create them? This paper evaluates the term of the architectural theme to contribute to the creation of a kind of critical vocabulary of contemporary architecture in the context of understanding architectural thought. Different ways of understanding/interpreting an architectural term can lead us to a new and different way of understanding and comprehending architecture itself in a modern changing world. This paper considers the relationship between fractal geometry and architecture as they respond to complexity and order, through the architectural term “self-similarity”.
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Dowdeswell, Barry, Roopak Sinha, and Stephen G. MacDonell. "Architecting an Agent-Based Fault Diagnosis Engine for IEC 61499 Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems." Future Internet 13, no. 8 (July 23, 2021): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi13080190.
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IEC 61499 is a reference architecture for constructing Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS). However, current function block development environments only provide limited fault-finding capabilities. There is a need for comprehensive diagnostic tools that help engineers identify faults, both during development and after deployment. This article presents the software architecture for an agent-based fault diagnostic engine that equips agents with domain-knowledge of IEC 61499. The engine encourages a Model-Driven Development with Diagnostics methodology where agents work alongside engineers during iterative cycles of design, development, diagnosis and refinement. Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) was used to propose the architecture to capture fault telemetry directly from the ICPS. A Views and Beyond Software Architecture Document presents the architecture. The Architecturally-Significant Requirement (ASRs) were used to design the views while an Architectural Trade-off Analysis Method (ATAM) evaluated critical parts of the architecture. The agents locate faults during both early-stage development and later provide long-term fault management. The architecture introduces dynamic, low-latency software-in-loop Diagnostic Points (DPs) that operate under the control of an agent to capture fault telemetry. Using sound architectural design approaches and documentation methods, coupled with rigorous evaluation and prototyping, the article demonstrates how quality attributes, risks and architectural trade-offs were identified and mitigated early before the construction of the engine commenced.