Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architectural and engineering design collaboration'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Architectural and engineering design collaboration.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Architectural and engineering design collaboration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Imron, Tiffany. "Socio-technical architectural model of collaborative engineering design." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28874.
Full textAbstract:
Collaborative engineering design may be considered a socio-technical process. However, literature suggested that the fundamental constitution of the social and technical in the collaborative engineering design process and their interrelationships are unclear. Furthermore, most the identified studies tended to focus on either the social or technical collaborative engineering design with relatively little focus on their combined effects. To address these issues, the study reported in this thesis have developed an architectural model of socio-technical CED adapting the Enhanced Entity Relationship (EER) information modelling language. The model was incrementally developed in three phases: 1). Model development, 2) model review and refinement, 3) model evaluation. Five versions of the socio-technical architectural model (STAM) of collaborative engineering design were created, each adopting methods to elicit insight from different sources. At the model development stage, the social and technical elements and their inter-relationships were induced from a literature review (i.e. resulting in STAM-1) and interviews with 28 collaborative engineering design practitioners (resulting in STAM-2). The interviews were conducted in a UK company specialising in the design and manufacture of complex technical systems within the shipbuilding industry. The model was reviewed by a group of engineering design practitioners and academics through independent focus groups (resulting in STAM-3). To enhance the social perspective, an interview was conducted with an industrial psychology academic (yielding in STAM-4) and a review on the social collaboration literature was carried out (resulting in STAM-5). The model was evaluated by industrial practitioners in three different companies, each with a different life phase and product focus. Preliminary evaluation was conducted in the first company using an interview method to assess the model’s completeness. Findings from this interview support the completeness of the model. Learning from the evaluation approach in the first company, in the second and third company, independent focus groups and questionnaires were adopted. In addition to completeness, the evaluation was conducted to assess the model’s correctness, relevance, usefulness, ease of understanding, and achievement of purpose. Findings from the two companies generally support the correctness, relevance, and usefulness of the model. The findings showed that the model may form a basis for customisation to suite a specific company’s requirement. The findings also support the general aim of the model, i.e. to provide insights into collaborative engineering design from the socio-technical perspective. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that the model was not easy to understand due to its structural complexity and terminology differences used. Finally, the study and its findings were assessed to identify their strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for future research.
2
Nicholas, Paul, and not supplied. "Approaches to Interdependency: early design exploration across architectural and engineering domains." RMIT University. Architecture and Design, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081204.151243.
Full textAbstract:
While 3D digital design tools have extended the reach of architectural and engineering designers within their own domains, restrictions on the use of the tools and an approach to practice whereby the architect designs (synthesises) and the engineer solves (analyses) - in that order ¡V have limited the opportunities for interdependent modes of interaction between the two disciplines during the early design phase. While it is suggested that 3D digital design tools can facilitate a more integrated approach to design exploration, this idea remains largely untested in practice. The central proposition of my research is that that 3D digital tools can enable interdependencies between crucial aspects of architectural and engineering design exploration during the early design phase which, before the entry of the computer, were otherwise impossible to affect. I define interdependency as a productive form of practice enabled by mutual and lateral dependence. Interdependent parties use problem solving processes that meet not only their own respective goals, but also those of others, by constructively engaging difference across their boundaries to actively search for solutions that go beyond the limits of singular domains. Developed through practice-based project work undertaken during my 3 year postgraduate internship within the Melbourne Australia office of the engineering firm Arup, my research explores new and improved linkages between early design exploration, analysis and making. The principal contribution of my research is to explore this problem from within the context, conditi ons and pressures of live practice. To test the research proposition this dissertation engages firstly with available literature from the fields of organisation theory and design, secondly with information gathered from experts in the field principally via interview, and lastly with processes of testing through practice-based (as opposed to university-based) project work. The dissertation is organized as follows: The Introductory Chapter outlines the central hypothesis, the current state of the discourse, and my motivations for conducting this research. I summarise the structure of my research, and the opportunities and limitations that have framed its ambitions. Chapter Two, Approach to Research and Method, details the constraints and possibilities of the Embedded Research within Architectural Practice context, within which this work has been undertaken, and describes the Melbourne office of Arup, the practice with whom I have been embedded. These contexts have led to the selection of a particular set of ethnographic research instruments, being the use of semi-structured interviews and the undertaking of practice-based studies as a participant-observer. These modes of testing are explained, and the constraints, limitations and requirements associated with them described. Within Chapter Three, Factors for Separation and Integration in Architectural and Engineering Design, I examine selected design literature to detail several factors impacting upon the historic and contemporary relationship between architects and engineers, and to introduce the problem towards which this thesis is addressed. I describe a process of specialisation that has led architects and engineers to see different aspects of a common problem, detail the historical factors for separation, the current relationship between domains and the emerging idea of increased integration during the early design phase. The aim of this section is primarily contextual - to introduce the characters and to understand why their interaction can be difficult - and investigation occurs through the concepts of specialisation and disciplinary roles. Chapter Four, Unravelling Interdependency, establishes an understanding of interdependency through the concept of collaboration. While I differentiate interdependency from collaboration because of the inconsistent manner in which the latter term is employed, the concept of collaboration is useful to initialise my understanding of interdependency because it, as opposed to the closely linked processes of cooperation and coordination, is recognised as being characterised by interdependency, and in fact is a viewed as a response specific to wider conditions of interdependency. From the literature, I identify four sites of intersection crucial to an understanding of interdependency; these are differing perceptions, shared and creative problem solving, communication and trust. These themes, which correlate with my practice experience at Arup Melbourne, are developed to introduce the concepts and vocabulary underlying my research. Chapter Five, Intersections & Interdependency between Architects and Engineers, grounds these four sites of intersection within contemporary issues of digital architectural and engineering practice. Each site is developed firstly through reference to design literature and secondly through the experiences and understandings of senior Arup practitioners as captured through my interviews. The views and experiences of these practitioners are used to locate digital limits to, and potential solutions for, interdependent design exploration between architects and engineers as they are experienced within and by practice. Through this combination of design literature and grounded experience, I extend: * the understanding of differing perceptions through reference to problems associated with digital information transfer. * the understanding of joint and creative problem solving by connecting it to the notion of performance-based design. * the understanding of communication by focussing it upon the idea of back propagating design information. * the understanding of trust by connecting it to the management and reduction of perceived complexity and risk. Chapter Six, Testing through Projects, details the project studies undertaken within this research. These studies are grouped into three discourses, characterized as Design(Arch)Design(Eng), Design|Analysis and Design|Making. As suggested by the concurrency operator that separates the two terms that constitute each of the three labels, each discourse tests how architectural and engineering explorations might execute in parallel. The section Design(Arch)|Design(Eng) reports projects that use a common language of geometry to link architectural and engineering design ideas through geometric interpretation. The section Design|Analysis reports projects in which analytical tools have been used generatively to actively guide and synthesise design exploration. The final section, Design|Making, reports projects in which the architectural and engineering design processes are synthesised around the procurement of fabrication information. Conclusions are then drawn and discussed in Chapter Seven. In evaluating the research I discuss how 3D digital design tools have enabled alternative approaches that resolve issues associated with differing perceptions, establishing common meanings, communication and trust. I summarise how these approaches have enabled increased interdependency in architect engineer interaction. Lastly, I draw together the impacts of intersecting 3D digital aspects of architectural and engineering design exploration during the early design phase, and indicate those aspects that require further analysis and research.
3
Shirmohammadi, Shervin. "Synchronous collaboration in virtual environments, architecture, design, and implementation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/NQ57066.pdf.
Full text
4
Holley, Vincent. "A method to envision highly constrained architectural zones in the design of multi-physics systems in severe conditions." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664398.
Full textAbstract:
MultiGphysics systems design, including the design of mechatronics systems, involvings designers in different disciplines (e.g., mechanics, electronics, physics of sensors, etc.), particularly design for systems intended for operation in severe conditions (withstanding shocks, vibrations, high temperatures, and high pressures in limited dimensions), raises many of the challenging issues in the design of complex systems. Consequently, highly integrated products are characterized by multiple functional flows passing through common components. Very high performance requirements from the different designers may over-constrain architectural modules, as well as connections, and the performance of some functions. The integration of multi-physics functions within products of limited size that operate in severe conditions results in an intense" interaction between design parameters and expected functionality. As soon as a design parameter is changed, the performance of several functions may be impacted. This is due to a high degree of performance optimization and the fact that several functions are part of the functional flow stemming from a single component. In addition, some disciplines may be more constrained than others, depending upon given performance challenges and the concept architecture being considered. Hereafter, we refer to architectural modules, connections and disciplines as constrainable objects. Today, with no prediction tool for locating the aspects that are likely to be highly constrained, consequences may be dramatic. For instance, project management for systems in the oil industry is often responsible for unacceptable additions to project overhead costs and project timelines for a project that may simply fail in the end. In our study, we propose to semantically enrich conventional representation models of product complexity.We use a design structure matrix (DSM) to represent admissible architecture connections and dependency configurations, a domain mapping matrix (DMM) to link functions and architecture, and quality function deployment (QFD), in a non conventional way, in order to propagate the designers aims for performance of the components more than the traditional voice of the customer. We enrich DSM representations with a physical connection typology, allowing a range of choices at an early design stage For a given connection, information regarding the nature of likeldesign difficulties is incorporated into a data model. We enrich DMM representations with functional flow sequencing along the architectural modules. We adapt the QFD method to capture the voice of the engineering disciplines involved in the project this ontological enrichment of design data makes it easier to envision and manage design challenges for multiGphysics systems. Seven design assessment cards are proposed to the design team as meaningful tools used to converge from a set of potential architectural configurations toward single architecture. This convergence process is driven by the necessity of avoiding highly constrained constrainable objects, achieved by balancing and spreading the design constraints throughout the system. The seven assessment cards are organized into two major design quality vectors: the ambition vector and the difficulty vector. The ambition vector indicates degrees of freedom in exploration of the architecture design space. The difficulty vector offers heuristic information on the nature and levels of the difficulties in meeting performance targets. The resulting method, which we call the multi-physics design scorecard" (MPDS), was applied to the design of a power electronics controller (PEC), a regulator board involving three sectors: mechanics, electronics, and packaging. Data gathering and implementation of theMPDSmethod took the design team just one day. The method immediately generated improved architectures, guaranteeing at the same time a more robust further design process.
5
Gallagher, Stephen. "An agent-based architecture to support engineering designing." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270669.
Full text
6
Weerakoon, Prasad. "Multi-User Methods for FEA Pre-Processing." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3255.
Full textAbstract:
Collaboration in engineering product development leads to shorter product development times and better products. In product development, considerable time is spent preparing the CAD model or assembly for Finite Element Analysis (FEA). In general Computer-Aided Applications (CAx) such as FEA deter collaboration because they allow only a single user to check out and make changes to the model at a given time. Though most of these software applications come with some collaborative tools, they are limited to simple tasks such as screen sharing and instant messaging. This thesis discusses methods to convert a current commercial FEA pre-processing program into a multi-user program, where multiple people are allowed to work on a single FEA model simultaneously. This thesis discusses a method for creating a multi-user FEA pre-processor and a robust, stable multi-user FEA program with full functionality has been developed using CUBIT. A generalized method for creating a networking architecture for a multi-user FEA pre-processor is discussed and the chosen client-server architecture is demonstrated. Furthermore, a method for decomposing a model/assembly using geometry identification tags is discussed. A working prototype which consists of workspace management Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is demonstrated. A method for handling time-consuming tasks in an asynchronous multi-user environment is presented using Central Processing Unit (CPU) time as a time indicator. Due to architectural limitations of CUBIT, this is not demonstrated. Moreover, a method for handling undo sequences in a multi-user environment is discussed. Since commercial FEA pre-processors do not allow mesh related actions to be undone using an undo option, this undo handling method is not demonstrated.
7
Staves, Daniel Robert. "Associative CAD References in the Neutral Parametric Canonical Form." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6222.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the multiplicity of computer-aided engineering applications present in industry today, interoperability between programs has become increasingly important. A survey conducted among top engineering companies found that 82% of respondents reported using 3 or more CAD formats during the design process. A 1999 study by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) estimated that inadequate interoperability between the OEM and its suppliers cost the US automotive industry over $1 billion per year, with the majority spent fixing data after translations. The Neutral Parametric Canonical Form (NPCF) prototype standard developed by the NSF Center for e-Design, BYU Site offers a solution to the translation problem by storing feature data in a CAD-neutral format to offer higher-fidelity parametric transfer between CAD systems. This research has focused on expanding the definitions of the NPCF to enforce data integrity and to support associativity between features to preserved design intent through the neutralization process. The NPCF data structure schema was defined to support associativity while maintaining data integrity. Neutral definitions of new features was added including multiple types of coordinate systems, planes and axes. Previously defined neutral features were expanded to support new functionality and the software architecture was redefined to support new CAD systems. Complex models have successfully been created and exchanged by multiple people in real-time to validated the approach of preserving associativity and support for a new CAD system, PTC Creo, was added.
8
Chiou, Jen-Diann. "Testing a federation architecture in collaborative design process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41021.
Full text
9
George, Abey M. "Remote collaboration in the design studio." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2191.
Full textAbstract:
Information technology offers many tools for promoting collaboration and communication in architectural design. A growing number of companies and individuals are adopting computer-based techniques to facilitate remote collaboration between geographically distributed teams. Thus, it is important to investigate the use of technology in developing collaborative tools for architects, especially as required training in architectural education. This research explores the feasibility of augmenting communication in the design studio using a web-based collaboration tool. A prototype was developed for an integrated system that allows for streaming media, real-time collaboration, and multi-way video, audio and text messaging, tailored specifically to the needs of a distributed architectural design studio. The Collaborative Online Architectural Design Studio (COADS) is based on a three-tier client-server structure consisting of an interface tier, an application-logic tier and a data tier. COADS allows role-based participation for students and teachers, facilitating collaboration over design sketches and presentations using personal computers equipped with a microphone and a web-cam. The system was developed and subjected to usability testing in a design studio consisting of graduate-level students of architecture. The participants were required to use COADS for conducting peer evaluations of designs for their class project and subsequently, to answer a questionnaire assessing the usability of the system. The analysis showed that COADS has definite advantages as a tool to augment communication in the design studio. The biggest advantage was that participants could get immediate feedback about their designs from their peers, irrespective of their location. COADS was also relatively easy to set up on end-user machines and provided an integrated point for accessing relevant studio resources from a single location. The disadvantages were mostly due to the limitations of the hardware on end-user machines such as small screen sizes, low quality microphones and web-cams. Further, the collaborative whiteboard within COADS lacked essential tools, such as pan/zoom and erase/undo tools, which reduced its usability. In conclusion, systems such as COADS can effectively augment communication within the architectural design studio. However, they need to be integrated closely with the course structure, right from the introductory stage of the project to the final presentation stage.
10
Ucelli, Giuliana. "Communication and collaboration within a VR system for architectural design." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22174.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis addresses issues related to the development of Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) for architectural design use. Today a new level of complexity has been brought to the meaning of virtuality by the creation of network-based virtual communities and the use of avatars along with multimedia which provides the technology for remote presence and collaborative experience. Communication and especially collaboration among design teams are now key factors in making the design process faster and more efficient in order to achieve increased competitiveness in the construction market. The objective of this thesis is to present a tool that is capable of creating 3D shapes in a shared VR environment, therefore allowing the evolution of the design to be a shared process. Along with its companion thesis (Conti, 2002) it gives the description of a framework and software prototype which could help practitioners using Virtual Reality technology by being a new interface for collaborative design at the early stages of the design process. The prototype system that is described here is called Java™ Collaborative Architectural Design tool in Virtual Reality JCAD-VR) and this thesis presents a description of its collaborative architecture. This thesis gives a description of the phases and technical solutions in the development of the network architecture and collaborative features of the JCAD-VR system. In addition, several different communication tools were used to enhance communication and the flow of information among the design teams and they are integrated in a Virtual Environment specifically created for architects. After the description of the software development the results are given of a test of the collaborative architecture of JCAD-VR and its ease of use in a real multi participant design experiment which show the potential and efficiency of using CVEs in architecture.
11
Benton, Sarah Kirstie, and sarahkirstie@gmail com. "The Architectural Designer and their Digital Media." RMIT University. Architecture and Design, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081126.155609.
Full textAbstract:
My research investigates the relationship between the architectural designer and the use that he or she makes of digital media as part of the design process. My principal research question is: what is the advantage of including digital media as part of the designers' 'toolset' in the early stages of design? The context is a highly successful and high profile mid-sized Australian architectural practice. The study considers the nature of architectural designing as a creative activity and the extent to which advantages could be gained by including digital media as part of the designers' toolset in the early stages of design. Designers seem to be polarised between championing the role of digital media as part of their design processes and downright rejecting it. One such extreme position is a view that this media has either 'no place' (Martens et al. 2007:np; Sanders 1996:4-5) within architectural design and is thus seen as 'just another tool' filling at best an ancillary and service role in the design process (Kvan, Mark et al. 2004:np). This view suggests therefore that designing with digital media has hardly advanced (Corrigan 2003:86). An opposing view is that digital media can take a more fundamental place to advance design methods (Rahim 2006:1), even revolutionarily improve the design process beyond 'question and debate' (Winner 1986:6 in Steele 2001:13), resulting in a 'new architecture' (Lindsey 2001:12) and encouraging significant change in designing through semi-automated generation of design and interconnected ways of communicating (Lindsey 2001:12). Resulting from my study, I have found, however, that the more negative views (Winner 1986:6; Sanders 1996:4-5) regarding the integration of digital media into the architectural design process tend to distract from the more balanced investigation into how a designer masters an expanding architectural design practice. As a doctoral candidate I take a participant-observer position within Terroir where I have been employed for the past five years. My experiences in responding to my research question suggest that the advantage of digital media is not a question of whether or not to integrate the tools. The question is more an issue of how a designer masters an expanding design process through an approach that includes ideas, conventional media and digital media. My thesis demonstrates the changes that occurred through the integration of digital media and, conversely, possibilities to opportunistically further improve on conventional design practice. My research suggests that mutuality exists in the relationship between the designer and their digital media. Through their co-evolution, changes can occur where there is not only an integration of digital media with design, but also both media and design practice change through their integration. I also discuss how an uptake of digital media gives grounds for a new specialised ro le in practice. A new role emerged within the collaborative firm of architects, which I have called in this thesis the digital ideator. It is a role that I demonstrate as potentially being central to digital media integrated with design practice.
12
Srinivasan, Rajesh 1972. "Architecture design of a collaborative decision support system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86770.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-88).
by Rajesh Srinivasan.
S.M.
13
de, Tenorio Cyril. "Methods for collaborative conceptual design of aircraft power architectures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34818.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis proposes an advanced architecting methodology. This methodology allows for the sizing and optimization of aircraft system architecture concepts and the establishment of subsystem development strategies. The process is implemented by an architecting team composed of subsystem experts and architects. The methodology organizes the architecture definition using the SysML language. Using meta-modeling techniques, this definition is translated into an analysis model which automatically integrates subsystem analyses in a fashion that represents the specific architecture concept described by the team. The resulting analysis automatically sizes the subsystems composing it, synthesizes their information to derive architecture-level performance and explores the architecture internal trade-offs. This process is facilitated using the Coordinated Optimization method proposed in this dissertation. This method proposes a multi-level optimization setup. An architecture-level optimizer orchestrates the subsystem sizing optimizations in order to optimize the aircraft as whole. The methodologies proposed in this thesis are tested and demonstrated on a proof of concept based on the exploration of turbo-electric propulsion aircraft concepts.
14
Erdem, Gunay. "An Inquiry On The Limits Of Multidisciplinary Collaboration In Design: Architectural Competitions." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606970/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Architecture both as a field of knowledge and profession had always been an outcome of multidisciplinary collaboration. The limits of this collaboration are directly effective on both the method of design and the end product itself. In contemporary modern architecture, this interaction between architecture and other disciplines reached to an altered mode where design strategies became open to transformations and the traditional understanding of design replaced with alternative approaches.
This thesis aims to understand the limits of multidisciplinary collaboration and altered mode of design under the contemporary context. Architectural design competitions will be a major case study area towards understanding disciplinary transparencies and their impact on design process. Under this framework the study questions the limits of continuity between architecture and other disciplines as transformative power of each other.
15
Lin, Eunice M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Collaboration in design optimization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113132.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 83).
Tacit is a software tool for designing and solving 2D truss structures. The Tacit web application expands these features to allow users to design truss structures with integrated analysis and optimization tools. Tacit was intended for single user inter- action, but much of engineering and design work is team-based and collaborative. To examine the effects of collaboration on design optimization problems, it is crucial for users to be able to easily share and view the structure designs of their teammate. This thesis presents a new version of Tacit with these collaboration features along with a new method for assessing the similarity of pairs of structures created by collaborators, and the results and analysis of a user study conducted where participants collaborated on design optimization problems with these new functionalities. Results showed that collaboration and the collaborative software tools were both effective in improving performance. The new software functionalities improved the efficiency of collaboration but unintentionally reduced the amount of physical collaboration.
by Eunice Lin.
M. Eng.
16
Holzer, Dominik, and dholzer@hotmail com. "Sense-making across collaborating disciplines in the early stages of architectural design." RMIT University. Architecture and Design, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20100122.133209.
Full textAbstract:
In my PhD thesis I raise the claim that a main ingredient to successful design collaboration in architecture and engineering is to make sense out of the information that is provided by designers and consultants as early and comprehensively as possible. The design of buildings has become a task with such a level of complexity that a social effort is required to coordinate and integrate the various worldviews of disciplines involved. In my research I first analyse obstacles to sense-making across collaborating disciplines by investigating the worldviews and priorities of the main parties involved in the design of buildings. I then propose novel ways for exchanging knowledge and generating common understanding between design professionals during early design and I introduce the process of optioneering as one possible method to assist architectural and engineering work practice. In order to address the above issues, I have embedded myself in the engineering firm Arup in their Sydney and Melbourne offices. There, I have examined methods for communicating and integrating aspects of building performance between designers and design consultants over a period of three years. As part of my research at Arup, I have gained an understanding about the everyday requirements of design professionals for sense-making in collaborative practice.
17
Jenkins, Emma. "Grid- Design development." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254682.
Full text
18
Mahmoud, M. A. "Factory building : Design knowledge engineering." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382426.
Full text
19
Solari, Jaime 1973. "An application service provider infrastructure for shared workspaces in Internet-based collaborative design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9036.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-107).
For architectural, engineering and construction projects involving transient 'virtual organizations' composed of non-collocated team-members, the adoption of concurrent design principles is seen as vital. An important aspect of concurrent design is the need for an effective communications infrastructure between team members. Traditionally, such communication has been handled through person-to-person meetings, however the complexity of modern projects has grown and as a result, reliance on new information and communications technologies is becoming increasingly necessary. Hence, within a concurrent design setting, there is the need for an integrated information and collaboration environment that will create a persistent shared workspace to support interaction between project personnel throughout all phases of the project. This research explores computer-supported mechanisms for enhancing distributed design collaboration. The goal of this thesis is to develop a set of requirements, system architecture and an early system prototype to facilitate computer-supported collaboration among distributed teams. The prototype will consist of a persistent shared workspace system built from the integration of complementary collaborative applications. These applications are the CAIRO system, developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the VNC system developed at the Olivetti Research Laboratory.
by Jaime Solari.
S.M.
20
Sturtevant, Daniel Joseph. "System design and the cost of architectural complexity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79551.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-166).
Many modern systems are so large that no one truly understands how they work. It is well known in the engineering community that architectural patterns (including hierarchies, modules, and abstraction layers) should be used in design because they play an important role in controlling complexity. These patterns make a system easier to evolve and keep its separate portions within the bounds of human understanding so that distributed teams can operate independently while jointly fashioning a coherent whole. This study set out to measure the link between architectural complexity (the complexity that arises within a system due to a lack or breakdown of hierarchy or modularity) and a variety of costs incurred by a development organization. A study was conducted within a successful software firm. Measures of architectural complexity were taken from eight versions of their product using techniques recently developed by MacCormack, Baldwin, and Rusnak. Significant cost drivers including defect density, developer productivity, and staff turnover were measured as well. The link between cost and complexity was explored using a variety of statistical techniques. Within this research setting, we found that differences in architectural complexity could account for 50% drops in productivity, three-fold increases in defect density, and order-of-magnitude increases in staff turnover. Using the techniques developed in this thesis, it should be possible for firms to estimate the financial cost of their complexity by assigning a monetary value to the decreased productivity, increased defect density, and increased turnover it causes. As a result, it should be possible for firms to more accurately estimate the potential dollar-value of refactoring efforts aimed at improving architecture.
by Daniel J. Sturtevant.
Ph.D.
21
Carmona, David Isaac. "Quantifying the Life Cycle Benefits of Performance-Based Design in Sustainable Design." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/708.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
Quantifying the Life Cycle Benefits of Performance-Based Design in Sustainable Design
David Carmona
For this thesis, a method is developed and tested for use with performance based design to quantify the sustainable and financial benefits of designing buildings to a structural performance level higher than Life-Safety. This paper starts to answer the question, “which would be a better investment: build structures to a performance level of Immediate Occupancy (IO) with the likelihood of less damage and downtime after an earthquake or continue to build to the building code’s implied minimum performance level of Life-Safety (LS)?”
An ASCE 7-05 designed base model building (six-story, steel moment frame, office located in San Francisco) was designed to meet the minimum requirements of the LS or stricter code requirements of the IO performance objectives, respectively. Performance levels were verified using the ASCE 41-06 linear static procedures and ETABS models.
The overall cost and cost difference for building the two structures were determined using RSMeans reference manuals. The structural upgrade cost from LS to IO is roughly 1.6% of the $33.4 million initial building cost for a total of approximately $500,000.
The financial damage caused to the two buildings due to a series of earthquakes was determined using the ATC-58 Guidelines and the modeling capabilities of its companion software Performance Assessment and Calculation Tool (PACT). Due to PACT’s work-in-progress status and limited quantity of fragility curves representing building components, results are questionable and expected to become more fine-tuned as the software develops and there is an increased availability of fragility curves.
Using the PACT program, the difference in annualized loss between the IO and LS buildings was determined to be roughly $40,000. This is equivalent to a 2009 present cost of $590,000 over a 50-year building lifespan. By designing the building to an IO performance level, the owner potentially saves 18% ($590,000 loss to future seismic damages/ $500,000 cost to upgrade) over the life-span of the building. As buildings begin to incorporate state-of-the-art, more expensive and efficient components, designing higher performing structures to protect these upfront costs will prove more beneficial than repairing the components at a future date. Considering building downtime and loss of life would increase the value of savings and provide an additional incentive to design a structure directly to a higher performance level.
22
Fernández, Marco Gero. "A Framework for Agile Collaboration in Engineering." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7630.
Full textAbstract:
Often, design problems are strongly coupled and their concurrent resolution by interacting (though decentralized) stakeholders is required. The ensuing interactions are characterized predominantly by degree of interdependence and level of cooperation. Since tradeoffs, made within and among sub-systems, inherently contribute to system level performance, bridging the associated gaps is crucial. With this in mind, effective collaboration, centered on continued communication, concise coordination, and non-biased achievement of system level objectives, is becoming increasingly important.
Thus far, research in distributed and decentralized decision-making has focused primarily on conflict resolution. Game theoretic protocols and negotiation tactics have been used extensively as a means of making the required tradeoffs, often in a manner that emphasizes the maximization of stakeholder payoff over system level performance. More importantly, virtually all of the currently instantiated mechanisms are based upon the a priori assumption of the existence of solutions that are acceptable to all interacting parties. No explicit consideration has been given thus far to ensuring the convergence of stakeholder design activities leading up to the coupled decision and the associated determination of values for uncoupled and coupled design parameters. Consequently, unnecessary and costly iteration is almost certain to result from mismatched and potentially irreconcilable objectives.
In this dissertation, an alternative coordination mechanism, centered on sharing key pieces of information throughout the process of determining a solution to a coupled system is presented. Specifically, the focus is on (1) establishing and assessing collaborative design spaces, (2) identifying and exploring regions of acceptable performance, and (3) preserving stakeholder dominion over design sub-system resolution throughout the duration of a given design process. The fundamental goal is to establish a consistent framework for agile collaboration that more accurately represents the mechanics underlying product development and supports interacting stakeholders in achieving their respective objectives in light of system level priorities. This aim is accomplished via improved resource management and design space exploration, augmented awareness of system level implications emanating from sub-system decisions, and increased modularity of decentralized design processes. Stakeholder synergy in design processes is enhanced via stakeholder focalization, based on the systematic communication of decision-critical information content.
23
Xu, Yue. "A Flexible Context Architecture for a Multi-User GUI." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2340.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on the design and development of a flexible context architecture for a multi-user GUI that serves several users engaged in collaborative computer-aided applications (CAx). The objective of this thesis is to extend previous research into multi-user GUI's by providing multiple users with a flexible context interface for interaction with other users working on the same part at distributed locations. The investigation will consider how distributed users, through user interfaces, interact to simultaneously build models and how interaction context might be presented to regulate the way they wish to interact. The implementation integrates a Multi-User GUI (MUG) with NX Connect, a multi-user CAD prototype for Siemens NX. NX MUG uses agent software to render the user prototype outside of NX and NX Connect. This generalizes the interface so that it could be used with other engineering applications where several users wish to collaborate. The Multi-user GUI enables users to view a collaborating user's workspace, send/receive messages between multi-users, and is capable of translating text interactions in different languages, while skyping with other users. This research will have a profound impact on collaborative teams in reducing barriers to effective communication. This research will also enhance the existing NX Connect multi-user prototype by providing collaborative interaction support among the multi-users.
24
Vaziri, Anita. "Design for intersectionality : Feminism and anti racism approach." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254681.
Full text
25
Sakhrani, Vivek A. (Vivek Ashok). "Negotiated collaboration : a study in flexible infrastructure design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103564.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis frames design in infrastructure public-private partnerships (P3s) as an exercise in negotiated collaboration. I investigate whether the collaborative design process in P3s can systematically deliver the benefits of innovation in design. The focus is on two aspects of the design process: project co-design, and collaboration mechanism. I find that both aspects enable innovation by driving project actors to learn about the design space and develop a shared understanding of the design problem. Learning through shared understanding not only improves quantifiable payoffs (Objective Value) but also enhances the actors' psycho-social outcomes (Subjective Value). Co-design is a process in which project actors simultaneously design technical and contractual features of a project. I developed a tradespace model to visualize and explore value trade-offs from co-design, using a desalination P3 as a project case. Co-design is a fundamental improvement over the traditional sequential design process because it reveals the zone of negotiated agreement, a frontier set of designs available to project actors, that can help them meet their own objectives while balancing value trade-offs. The combination of flexible modular designs and risk sharing revenue guarantee mechanisms emerged as a frontier design choice in the co-design analysis. Communication and common knowledge are two different collaboration mechanisms that affect the design choices of project actors. A controlled design experiment with 112 experienced designers tested the relative effects of these two mechanisms. The role-playing designers negotiated design decisions for a desalination P3 using the co-design tradespace model. Only the communication mechanism systematically shifted outcomes. To increase the reliability of meeting uncertain water demand, the firm traded away an expected net present value profit share of 24% (p<0.001) on average, subject to the parameter assumptions. The water authority increased contractual payments by an expected net present value share of 6.6% (p<0.001) on average. Final designs in the exercise were on average 97.5% reliable in meeting uncertain water demand. Communication dominated common knowledge as a collaboration mechanism because it enabled participants to learn about the effects of modularity and revenue guarantees on counter-party outcomes and use these design features to negotiate value trade-offs. Objective Value represents the technical (reliability) and economic (profits, payments) payoffs to project participants. Subjective Value on the other hand captures social psychological outcomes such as the degree of trust and rapport between collaborators and perceived fairness and legitimacy of the process, which are important for the partnering relationship. Participants in the collaboration experiment overwhelmingly reported high Subjective Value scores, which are positively correlated with both their improved understanding of the project's design objectives (r = 0.37, p = 0.41, p<0.001) and their ability to communicate with collaborators to agree on design choices (r = 0.36, p = 0.36, p = 0.001). This work directly addresses the literature on infrastructure public-private partnerships and shows how negotiated collaboration can create objective as well as psychosocial benefits for a stronger partnering relationship. The co-design approach speaks to the literature on systems design to emphasize how a systems view can help designers balance trade-offs. The experimental study is a methodological contribution to both the design and negotiations literature, applying the Subjective Value framework in an integrated design setting.
by Vivek A. Sakhrani
Ph. D. in Engineering Systems
26
Aithala, Karkada Nagesha. "A Collaborative Computational Framework for Multidisciplinary and Reliability-based Analysis and Optimization Using SORCER." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1316463759.
Full text
27
Ryskamp, Jordan David. "Developing Intelligent Engineering Collaboration Tools Through the use of Design Rationale." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2428.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a new method that improves upon the existing approaches to developing collaborative tools. The new method uses automatically inferred and manually recorded design rationale to intelligently filter the information that is shared by a collaborative tool. This represents an improvement upon the existing state of the art in collaborative engineering tools. To demonstrate the viability of the method three collaborative tools were created. The first is a multi-user collaborative design environment tool named SimulPart and built upon the NX CAD package. SimulPart uses the new method to limit the amount of communication required to keep every user in synch during a multi-user co-design session. The second implementation is a visual history tool named VisiHistory that allows designers to watch time lapse videos of the creation of a design that are automatically generated using the new method. The final tool is an intelligent user directory named SmartHelp that uses the new method to allow designers to identify which of their peers have expertise in certain CAD operations. Validation was performed for each of these tools by benchmarking the tool against the leading commercial solution or industry process. The results of the validation showed that the new method does in fact offer a superior collaborative solution as it outperforms the existing tools and methods in several key collaborative metrics. As a result of this work future efforts are encouraged into both improving upon the quality of the inferred design rationale and increasing the functionality of the three tools created using the new method.
28
Fischl, Geza. "A psychosocial approach to architectural design : a methodological study." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18605.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, psychosocially supportive environmental components are identified and environmental assessment techniques are investigated to evaluate psychosocial components in built environments, particularly in health care environments. The aim is to develop a method useful for designers in collecting quantitative as well as qualitative information about the psychosocial supportiveness of the built environments. In the first paper, an evaluation of the multi-methodological tool (Empowering Environment Evaluation (Triple-E)) was conducted in a hospital ward and a health care center. The aim of the paper was to appropriately select, and test the multi-methodological tool in two cases, where redesign of the existing facilities took place. The results show that, with the Triple-E tool, psychosocially supportive components of the environment could be measured by the combination of structured brainstorming, semantic environmental description, and aesthetical preferences. User group differences were found and further considered for the design process. The analysis-synthesis model of design facilitated the designers understanding of how psychosocial approach could be integrated in the design cycle. In the second paper, the Environment Evaluation tool consisting of a modified semantic environmental description questionnaire and an evaluation of architectural details. The aim of the study was to identify whether there are any differences in perception of psychosocially supportive architectural and interior elements among patients and architects. The results show that there are differences between patients and architects in terms of factors contributing to psychosocial supportiveness. Results also show that the significant architectural details may influence individual psychological skills, which in turn may affect individual social skills and self-management. The ranking of the influential architectural details on perceived supportiveness for the architect and the patient groups is in the following order: 1) window; 2) floor and wall; 3) ceiling and furniture; 4) handicraft, photograph, chair and curtain; 5) noise level, safety, and space for moving. By relating environmental details to environmental semantic descriptive factors further details of psychological and physical factors could be realized. Suggested improvements of the Triple-E tool are the inclusion of measurements of restorative environmental components which may further contribute to stress alleviation and of more structured guidelines for the design purposes.Godkänd; 2004; 20070127 (ysko)
29
Chen, Hanyao. "Reclaim the Right to the City : Public Space Design in Lishui Civic Center, China." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239021.
Full text
30
Abdelmohsen, Sherif Morad Abdelkader. "An ethnographically informed analysis of design intent communication in BIM-enabled architectural practice." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41181.
Full textAbstract:
The building information model (BIM) is assumed to encompass all the required parameters, rules and attributes about a design product and process for Architecture-Engineering-Construction (AEC) practitioners in a way that is comprehendible by all participants sharing the model and that communicates their needs and intentions. The socio-cognitive day-to-day interactions that occur in the workplace imply however that there are discrepancies between what is exchanged as design information when sharing a model and what is exchanged as goals, needs and possibly conflicting intentions and interests when sharing a common ill-structured problem.
The findings of an ethnographic study are presented. The study investigates affordances and limitations in BIM-enabled practice regarding the communication of design intent among design teams in the context of an architectural project. Grounded theory coding was used as a basis for analytic induction through constant comparison and examination of data from field observation, interviews and design meetings, to identify emergent conceptual categories central to the research inquiry. A "thick description" was provided that took into account the dynamic interactions among teams, including interdisciplinary, intradisciplinary and non-disciplinary interaction. By dissecting hypothetical models of shared project information offered by BIM, the dissertation identified interfaces of information exchange, states of the BIM model as a boundary object, and emergent and overlapping communities of practice that delineate the degree of completeness and correctness of a BIM model and describe its effectiveness in capturing and conveying the intent of participants upon interaction.
To draw parallels to other contexts, the assumptions central to the study were discussed in relation to a spectrum of possible scenarios within the larger population of AEC firms. In light of the findings and "persona" descriptions identified in the study, the dissertation examined and proposed amendments and richer descriptions to existing surveys and market reports that address the use and benefits of BIM in the AEC industry, including topics such as the internal business value of BIM, top ways to improve value of BIM, and impact of project factors on BIM value.
31
D’Aquino, de Paula Pedro Ivan. "Architectural Concepts in Retail Research." Thesis, KTH, Ledning och organisering i byggande och förvaltning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277722.
Full textAbstract:
The Retail industry is one of the most important areas in the Real Estate field. In retailing, design involves several aspects to create a communicative and attractive environment. Retailers are in an incessant search for the most vanguard design methods for branding promotion and customer attraction. Therefore, the architectural design is a significant strategy to increase commercial performance and a vital element for the store environment. This research aims to investigate the architectural concepts in retail research and to comprehend the design strategies for the spatial attractiveness. Based on the retail design research reviews, it is expected to find and comprehend the relation between available architectural concepts in retail research and the application for the shopping experience.Detaljhandeln är en av de viktigaste områdena inom fastighetsbranchen. Inom detaljhandeln används design i flera aspekter för att skapa en kommunikativ och attraktiv miljö. Detaljhandeln söker konstant efter de mest avancerade designmetoderna för att marknadsföra sitt varumärke och och öka kundattraktion. Därför är arkitekturen en viktig strategi för att öka de kommersiella resultaten och ett viktigt element för butiksmiljön. Denna uppsat s syftar till att undersöka de arkitektkoncepten inom detaljhandeln och att förstå designstrategierna för rumslig attraktionskraft. Baserat på studier av detaljhandelsdesign och analys av designmetoder förväntas man hitta och förstå förhållandet mellan tillgängliga arkitektoniska koncept inom detaljhandelsforskning och applikationen för shoppingupplevelsen.
32
Tyrrell, Brian (Brian Matthew). "Development of an architectural design tool for 3-D VLSI sensors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34353.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-159).
Three dimensional integration schemes for VLSI have the potential for enabling the development of new high-performance architectures for applications such as focal plane sensors. Due to the high costs involved in 3-D VLSI fabrication and the fabrication complexity of 3-D integration, analysis of the design and process tradeoffs for a particular application is essential. An architectural and topological design tool is presented that enables the high-level analysis and optimization of sensor architectures targeted to a variety of 3-D VLSI process options. This design tool is based on an inference chain evaluation framework, and allows for a high-level structural representation of a circuit architecture to be considered in conjunction with low-level process models. Approximation strategies for projecting circuit area and performance are incorporated into the inference chain relations.
by Brian Tyrrell.
S.M.
33
Ribeiro, Bruno B. R. "Reshaping Visual Communication Design Curriculum to Support Collaboration with Computer Science and Engineering." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337915762.
Full text
34
Chai, Shutsu K. (Shutsu Kindness). "The design and construction of interactive architectural environments : the digital mile, Zaragoza, Spain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36300.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-72).
As a part of a master plan for the Digital Mile, a park in Zaragoza, Spain, this thesis will undertake the mechanical design and construction of a responsive and rearrangeable system of walls and doors for increasing the flexibility of the "edge" between open space and a new museum building. In order to study this question, this thesis builds on a previous planning thesis and the prescribed architectural forms as a basis for investigation of potential construction materials and joint technologies. Through this study, a design will emerge for this unique system that allows space to expand and contract and the building edge to become porous or sealed, responding to the demands for different activities and situations. Construction materials and mechanisms will be studied based on the functional requirements of the system. These investigations will lead to recommendations for mechanical means to achieve the prescribed architectural and performance specifications. It is anticipated that this new building-edge will support a wider variety of activities and in this way enhance the livability and usability of public space. Beyond the physical design, this thesis will also demonstrate the ability of interdisciplinary work to enrich the design process.
by Shutsu K. Chai.
S.B.
35
Creech, James Edward. "The porch : a study in architectural typology." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22976.
Full text
36
Maleki, Parvaneh. "How can Industrial Designers Work more Effectively with Engineers to Have a Successful Collaboration?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504881787738867.
Full text
37
Siu, Power Po Wa. "Development of a building configurator : product family architecture approach /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IEEM%202005%20SIU.
Full text
38
Kinnula, A. (Atte). "Software process engineering in a multi-site environment:an architectural design of a software process engineering system." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514253035.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
A fundamental problem in the software engineering community
is how to achieve a state of continuous improvement. Over the last
ten years a number of studies have been made concerning various
tools, methods and software process improvement project life-cycle models,
but the problem persists and in many cases the software process
improvement program dies off within a year.
This thesis takes the assumption that the answer cannot be
reduced to a single tool or method, as there are no silver bullets
to complex problems. Instead the entire Software Process Engineering
system should be studied to find out what elements are necessary
for sustaining improvement activity on a long-term basis. Through
understanding the fundamental elements of a Software Process Engineering
system, the organization can manage and improve the system, tune
it up to the environment and make it efficient and effective. When
the system is operational, the software process improvement program,
which is a part of the system, can be sustained.
This research studies a case in which the Software Process
Engineering system of a large, multi-site telecommunications company
was successfully revised to meet the increasing improvement challenges.
The revised system has proven to be capable of sustaining continuous
improvement and case is used here to derive architectural design
models of a Software Process Engineering system.
Two such models are established here. One is a system model
that is independent of implementation and identifies the main elements
of a Software Process Engineering system. With the help of this
model, those responsible for process improvement in their organizations
can design, evaluate, and revise complete Software Process Engineering
systems. The other model is a design of a multi-site Software Process
Engineering organization, and identifies not only the operative
part of the organization but also the key non-operative elements
that a Software Process Engineering system needs to work with. With the
help of this model a multi-site organization can set up the operative
Software Process Engineering organization and plan for strategies
for managing the cooperation with the interfacing entities up front,
rather than ending up managing such contacts on a reactive fashion.
39
Hermansson, Mikael. "Architectural Design of a Conformative Authentication Service for Security Platforms." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-88424.
Full textAbstract:
Authentication services in security platforms often need to handle different types of systems which have various requirements regarding the authentication. These requirements can often interfere with each other and the issue here is that the authentication service often needs to be manually adjusted to comply with these requirements. Therefore there is a need for a flexible architectural design which enables changes and could open up for new emerging technologies and possibilities. This thesis presents an architectural design of a conformative authentication service based on SAML 2.0 to be used in security platforms. In this thesis a requirements analysis was performed and an architectural design was developed. The architectural design presented in this thesis is conformative in various aspects, e.g. usage of various authentication methods, versatile handling of attributes, handling of various SAML 2.0 profiles, possibilities to participate in various identity federations and handling of legacy systems not supporting SAML. In addition, an evaluation comparing the candidate architectural design presented in this thesis with a currently active architectural design was performed. This evaluation showed that the candidate architectural design was considered better for more usage scenarios.
40
Wallhagen, Marita. "Environmental Assessment of Buildings and the influence on architectural design." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-26159.
Full textAbstract:
This licentiate thesis examines environmental assessment tools for buildings. This is done by investigating, analysing, comparing and testing how different environmental assessment tools measure the environmental performance of buildings and examining the consequences this may have on architectural design. The study begins by analysing three environmental assessment tools: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Code for Sustainable Homes (CSH) and EcoEffect. These tools are then tested on a case study building (an eight-storey residential building) to analyse differences regarding assessment results, improvement proposals and potential impacts on architectural design. One of the environmental impacts assessed in the three tools, namely Climate Change caused by gases having Global Warming Potential (GWP), is then analysed in greater detail from a life cycle perspective by measuring CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq). A basic calculation tool (referred to as the ENSLIC tool), based on life cycle assessment methodology, is used to assess a case study building (a four-storey office building in Gävle). The CO2-eq emissions from a building’s material production and energy use are calculated and the impacts of a number of suggested building improvements and changes of energy sources are analysed. The studies show the complexity of assessment tools and different ways to make comparisons. Both similarities and differences between the tools are apparent, regarding hierarchical structure and also on each hierarchical level, from categories to issues and parameters. It is also shown that the choice of environmental assessment tool may have an influence on the architectural design of buildings. The difficulty with assessing complex buildings is apparent even when only one environmental issue is assessed with the LCA-based ENSLIC tool. Many aspects influence the assessment result. These include energy use, choice of materials and choice of energy sources. The complexity and difficulty in linking buildings to environmental impact create a need for interactive tools measuring environmental performance, which can be useful as decision support in the early design phase.Denna licentiatavhandling behandlar miljöbedömningsmetoder för byggnader. Arbetet bygger på undersökningar analyser, jämförelser och tester av hur miljöbedömningsmetoder bedömer byggnaders miljöprestanda och undersöker även vilka konsekvenser som detta kan ha på arkitektonisk utformning. Forskningen börjar med att tre miljöbedömningsmetoder, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Code for Sustainble Homes (CSH) och EcoEffect analyseras och jämförs. Sedan genomförs en fallstudie där de tre metoderna testas på ett bostadshus (ett åttavåningar högt bostadshus i Stockholm). Skillnader gällande miljöbedömningsresultat och miljöbedömningmetodernas förslag på förbättringsåtgärder samt eventuell påverkan på den arkitektoniska utformningen analyseras och diskuteras. En av miljöpåverkanskategorierna som bedöms i de tre metoderna, klimatpåverkan orsakad av gaser med inverkan på den globala uppvärmningen, analyseras sedan mer i detalj utifrån ett livscykelperspektiv genom att mäta byggnaders utsläpp av koldioxidekvivalenter (CO2 ekv). Ett förenklat beräkningsverktyg (som här benämns ENSLIC-verktyget), som är baserat på livscykelmetodik, används för att studera en byggnad (ett fyra våningar högt kontorshus i Gävle). Sedan beräknas utsläppet av CO2 ekv från byggnadens material- och energianvändning. Effekten av ett flertal föreslagna förbättringsåtgärder på byggnaden samt byte av energikällor analyseras också. Studierna visar på miljöbedömningmetodernas komplexitet och presenterar olika sätt att göra jämförelser på. Skillnader och likheter mellan metoderna påvisas gällande hierarkisk struktur och även på varje hierarkisk nivå, från kategorier till enskilda bedömda frågor och parametrar. Dessa skillnader talar för att olika metoder kan påverka den arkitektoniska utformningen av byggnader. Svårigheten i att bedöma komplexa byggnader belyses även när endast en miljöpåverkan bedöms med det livscykelanalys baserade ENSLIC-verktyget. Många saker påverkar resultatet, framförallt energianvändning tillsammans med materialanvändning och val av energikällor. Den komplexa och svåra uppgiften att länka samman byggnader med deras miljöpåverkan öppnar upp för användande av interaktiva verktyg som mäter miljöpåverkan som kan användas som beslutshjälpmedel i tidiga designskeden.
QC 20101123
41
Hatem, Wadhah Amer Hatem. "Comparing the effectiveness of face to face and computer mediated collaboration in design." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/37337/.
Full textAbstract:
Construction projects are complex and organisationally characterised by a high degree of fragmentation. This results in a need for clear communication and collaboration between the project participants in order to ensure the success of a project. Advances in communication technologies have enabled construction project members to supplement face to face (FTF) communication with methods based on computer mediated communication (CMC). The latter has reduced the need for travelling and hence results in savings in aspects, such as cost and time. One aspect of this CMC based communication is the emergence of modern design software which, together with other communication tools enables designers to undertake collaborative design while being geographically remote from one another. The research in this thesis compares the effectiveness of FTF and CMC based collaboration for teams of two people at the design stage of a construction project. The comparison deals with many points that have been not addressed in previous studies and the analysis leads to the conclusion that CMC results in a more effective process than FTF in many aspects. For productivity, the results of this research reveal that team productivity for CMC is higher than for FTF and intriguingly further results show that the productivity score of two people collaborating is higher than for a single designer. Better time management has been found to occur with CMC than FTF. This research found a method of measuring degree of collaboration between users in a team, as well as the results prove that the degree of collaboration in CMC better than FTF. In terms of design quality, the results show that the design quality for FTF is nearly equal to that for CMC. Other aspects of this research examine the relationship between non-verbal and verbal communication as well as between non-verbal communication and team productivity plus the impact of emotional factors on productivity and quality is also examined.
42
Frank, Stephen M. "Optimal design of mixed AC-DC distribution systems for commercial buildings." Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3558161.
Full textAbstract:
With the advent of inexpensive computing and efficient power electronics, the load mix in commercial buildings has experienced a fundamental shift away from almost exclusively traditional alternating current (AC) loads toward primarily direct current (DC) loads—devices which use DC electricity either for end-use or as a power conditioning stage. Simultaneously, installations of DC distributed generation sources for commercial buildings, such as rooftop photovoltaic arrays, are accelerating. Despite this proliferation of DC devices, the basic design of building electrical distribution systems has changed very little in the past century: AC distribution remains the industry standard. The AC-DC electricity conversions required to connect DC sources and loads to the AC electric grid result in wasted energy. Partial replacement of AC distribution with DC distribution can improve overall building electrical energy efficiency; the result is a mixed AC-DC electrical distribution system. This dissertation develops a modeling framework, mathematical program, and global optimization algorithm which determine maximally energy efficient designs for mixed AC-DC building electrical distribution systems. The research approach precisely quantifies building electrical energy efficiency at a systems level, not simply the level of individual devices. The results of two case studies validate the power of the optimization algorithm and demonstrate that well designed mixed AC-DC building electrical distribution systems can achieve higher efficiency than either AC or DC distribution used alone.
43
Lee, Min. "Biomimetic architectural design of scaffolds and modulation of protein delivery for intestinal tissue engineering." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459913181&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
44
Halaby, Aceil. "Forecasting collaboration capacity by driving output in product teams." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113514.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 95).
It is no doubt that globalization and free trade have brought competitive advantages of Innovation Driven Enterprises (I.D.E.s) to new levels. More specifically, managers are focused on improving and maximizing team collaboration to both increase capacity and utilization of their in-house talent and optimize company throughput and output. It has long been argued that performance and output are attributed to leadership, management and/or recruiting. However, new management and cognitive theories argue that optimizing output and team performance is now more of a science rather than just a conventional wisdom; conceiving a winning team now involves both predictive and nurturing responsibilities. This applies to all fields be it military, product development, medical, business, engineering and others to name a few. This thesis focuses on the new field of Integrated Design Management whereby multidisciplinary, innovative engines or product development teams are becoming essential entities for entrepreneurial survival and versatility during economic uncertainty. How can a product designer, an engineer and a businessman work together efficiently'? What makes the team perform better? Are there any rules for engagement or does skill lead output? How are people selected as part of a team? This thesis argues that creating an optimal product team should not be a stroke of luck but rather the result of applying new management sciences and team dynamics to better recruit and build for collaboration in today's fast-changing and competitive world. I believe that studying the correlation between three variables: compassion, collective intelligence and output in Integrated Design Management (I.D.M.) teams can lead to positive inferences relating to team formation and competitive work cultures. Through methods of measuring the latter variables in addition to observing product team habits and recording interviews with individuals enrolled in the I.D.M. program at MIT, the following thesis maps predictive variables across a system for nurturing successful team collaboration and output. The model constructed to forecast product team output, produced an r2 of 0.57, setting a benchmark for future models. This research also provides a template for future applications across multiple industries aimed at conceiving more collaborative teams with exceptional skills whose members may have been more comfortable working in isolation at the expense of creativity and efficiency.
by Aceil Halaby.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
45
Janson, Rebecca. "A simplified model for the design of floor structures with vibrating sources for architectural applications." Thesis, KTH, MWL Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261690.
Full textAbstract:
When designing a building, sound is one of the problems to take into account. Vibrating machines, such as ventilation fans, water pumps and compressors, generate structure-borne sound. The structure-borne sound travels up the structure of the building and generates sound in adjacent rooms. To be able to predict the sound radiated in the adjacent rooms when designing a building, a semi-analytical model has been developed. Using the incident vibrations from the floor plate where the vibrating machine is standing, the transmission loss in the junction between the floor plates and the wall plate is calculated. This can bed one in every junction in the building, creating a system of multiple junctions. The sound radiation to the adjacent rooms is later approximated using the velocity of the plates.The model is verified with measurements in two case studies. This shows that the model has good potential in predicting the normal acceleration amplitudes in the relevant plates. The two case studies have different geometric properties and different sources. The comparison between the model and the measurement gives similar results. The model analyses the output of the bending waves since this is the wave type that radiates sound, but longitudinal waves are present in the model. With only two case studies it is too early to say that the model works for all systems, but it could be used as a fist approach. The model, right now, is restricted to isotropic, homogeneous material without losses. A parametric study shows that the transmission loss is dependent on the ratio between the thicknesses of the floor plate and the wall plate. The ratio should be as large as possible to get a high transmission loss, but depends on how the junction is structured.När en byggnad designas är ljud ett av problemen som behöver tas hänsyn till. Vibrereande maskiner, så som ventilationsfläktar, vattenpumpar och kompressorer genererar strukturburet ljud. Det strukturburna ljudet färdas upp genom strukturen i byggnaden och generarear ljud i närliggande rum. För att kunna förutspåljudavstrålningen i de närliggande rummen när en byggnad designas, har en semianalytisk model tagits fram. Genom att använda infalland vibrationer från golvplattan där den vibrerande maskinen står, kan transmissionsförlusterna i förbindelsen mellan golvplatttorna och väggplattorna beräknas. Detta kan göras för samtliga förbindelser i byggnaden och skapar då en system för flera förbindelser. Ljudalstringen till de närliggande rummen kan sedan beräknas genom att använda hasitgheten av de vibrerandeplattorna.Modellen verifieras med hjälp av mätningar i två fallstudier. Dessa visar att modellen har god potential för att förutspå de normala accelerations amplituderna i de relevanta plattorna som studeras. Båda studierna har olika geometriska egensakper samt olika vibrations källor. Jämförelse mellan modellen och mätningen visar liknade resultat. Modellen analyserar de utgående böjvågorna eftersom det är dessa som kommer alstra ljud. Däremot är longitudinalvågor närvarande i modellen. Med endast två fallstudierär det för tidigt att säga om modellen fungerar för alla typer av system, men den kananvändas som ett första synsätt när problematiken uppstår. För närvarande är modellenbegränsad till isotropisk och homogenisk material utan förluster. En parametrisk studie visar att transmissionsförlusten är beroende av förhållandet mellan tjockleken av golvplattan och väggplattan. Förhålladet mellan dem ska vara så stort som möjligt för att få en hög transmissionsförlust, men den är också beroende på hur själva förbidelsen ser ut.
46
Brown, Joseph A. (Joseph Anthony). "The design of a multi-axis rotational amusement park ride coupled with architectural and thematic elements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45768.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 29).
The art of creating a successful theme park ride involves seamlessly fusing complex mechanical systems with elegant architecture. More importantly, it is the job of telling a story that serves as a foundation for designing effective themed rides. This project involves the conceptual design of a ride system versatile enough to accommodate for numerous themed scenarios. Although the scope of this project is conceptual, we cannot ignore the constraints that may inhibit the design's feasibility; hence, calculations are made based on standards and guidelines for amusement park rides. Furthermore, a combination of sketches and diagrams are provided to assist in the visualization of the proposed design.
by Joseph A. Brown.
S.B.
47
Myers, Evan T. "Structural bamboo design in east Africa." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16799.
Full textAbstract:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly Waggle Kramer
This document addresses East Africa's need for safe, sustainable, and affordable housing and promotes use of bamboo as a structural material by providing adequate information and resources to evaluate the strength of bamboo. East African housing is a leading issue for the region because of the population growth, specifically in urban areas where housing resources and infrastructure cannot match the population growth. The solution may be bamboo housing as an alternative to urban slums. The bamboo species Oxytenanthera abyssinica is available throughout East Africa region and has been accepted and implemented in traditional housing throughout the region. This document references the resources provided by the International Code Council (ICC), International Organization for Standardizations (ISO), and International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR) for the use of bamboo as a structural material in buildings. This paper also discusses the mechanical strength of bamboo, and the structural behavior of bamboo in buildings. In addition, bamboo construction shows the tools, connections, and preservatives used in the field. The design example, using Oxytenanthera abyssinica, provides the traditional layout and materials for an Amhara house, and calculations show the practicality of bamboo in structural design. This document has led to recommendations for engineers and the bamboo industry, including the development of a codebook for bamboo design, promoting bamboo farms and plantations, creating a uniform connection, and increasing bamboo's service life. From research, bamboo is in need of further development before being considered a viable structural material to provide for commercial use but would suffice for the housing shortage in East Africa.
48
Uzan, Sacha. "Design of a low carbon building : Case study of an architectural competition." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264756.
Full textAbstract:
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions due to human activities have considerably increased in the past decades which are the main contributors of global warming. In order to limit the consequences of the global climate change happening, all sectors must reduce their carbon emissions and especially the building industry which represents 19% of the carbon footprint of human activities. This paper is giving methods to help reduce the carbon footprint of a building when designing it such as life cycle assessment which allow project teams to compare the global warming potential of all building materials. Those methods are used and challenged in a case study of an architectural competition project named quai d’Issy in Paris, France. Using biobased materials help reduce the carbon footprint of a building, a structure made of timber and concrete elements can emit less than 21% of GHGs than a classic concrete structure. By sourcing reused and recycled building materials, by using geothermal heat pump as heating and cooling systems for example, we have been able to reach for the quai d’Issy project a carbon footprint of 930kgC02eq/m2 of floor area, which is less than level needed for the highest French environmental certification. However, these results can be obtained only if the building materials companies continue their work to develop low-carbon materials and promote recycled and reused materials. This study emphasises the need to spread knowledge of the tools to design low-carbon building to all the actors of the building industry in order to promote behaviours that will limit the consequences of climate change.
49
Jonas, K. "Learning from experience in the engineering of non-orthogonal architectural surfaces : a computational design system." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1417948/.
Full textAbstract:
This research paints a comprehensive picture of the current state of the conception and engineering of non-orthogonal architectural surfaces. The present paradigm in the design and engineering of these elaborate building structures is such that the overall form is decided first and it is then broken down into building components (façade cladding, or structural or shell elements) retrospectively. Subsequently, there is a division between the creation of the design and then the reverse engineering of it. In most of these projects, the discretisation of elaborate architectural surfaces into building components has little to do with how the form has been created, and the logic of the global form and its local subdivision are not of the same order. Experience gained through project work in the sponsoring company Buro Happold has been harnessed to inform the implementation of a design tool prototype. It is an open, extendable system. The development of the tool aims at stepping outside the current paradigm in practice; provides an integrated process of bottom-up generation of form and top-down search and optimisation, using an evolutionary method. The assertion of this thesis is that non-orthogonal design, which mimics a natural form in appearance, can be derived using mechanisms found in nature. These mechanisms, e.g. growth and evolution, can be transferred in such a way that they integrate aspects of the aesthetic, manufacturing, construction or performance. Designs are then created with an inherent logic. Growing form by adding discrete local geometries to produce larger componential surfaces ensures that the local parts and the global geometry are coherent and of the same kind. The aspiration is to make use of computational methods to contribute to the design and buildability of non-orthogonal architectural surfaces, and to further the discussion, development and application of digital design tools in practice.
50
Cox, Lindsay. "The design, detailing, fabrication and execution of architecturally exposed structural steel." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14962.
Full textAbstract:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly Waggle Kramer
Architecturally exposed structural steel, AESS, is a unique member designation used in contract documents to describe steel members designed according to stringent provisions as to be completely exposed in close proximity to the human eye after the structure is completed, rather than concealed from view. These members are often used to convey architectural art or expression, and have a distinctive beauty that attracts the eye. The requirements for AESS members are much more stringent than those for typical structural steel members, and therefore is more controversial as to whether it is worth the extra attention it requires. The purpose of this report is to examine the design, detailing, fabrication and execution of architecturally exposed structural steel. This is done by examining what contributes to each of these stages from design to field erection. Much of this report is based on guides and sample specification by various sources, including the Structural Engineers Association of Colorado (SEAC), Rocky Mountain Steel Construction Association (RMSCA), and the AISC 303-10 Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges (American Institute of Steel Construction Committee on the Code of Standard Practice, 2010) in addition to other sources. The conglomeration and in-depth review of this information provides the Structural Engineer, Architect, Fabricator and Owner an enhanced understanding and knowledge of AESS, as to make better decisions throughout its use.