Journal articles on the topic 'Archaeology of Europe'

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1

Quirós Castillo, Juan Antonio. "Archaeology of Architecture and Archaeology of houses in Early Medieval Europe." Arqueología de la Arquitectura, no. 9 (April 9, 2013): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/arqarqt.2012.11601.

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2

Pluciennik, Mark. "Archaeology, archaeologists and ‘Europe’." Antiquity 72, no. 278 (December 1998): 816–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0008741x.

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With changes in political structures, a pan-European dimension is increasing in importance for many archaeologists, because of cultural policy and funding from the Council of Europe and, especially, the European Union. Although nationalist frameworks are currently more important, archaeologists should keep a critical eye on European developments.
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3

Harke, Heinrich, Margarita Diaz-Andreu, and Timothy Champion. "Nationalism and Archaeology in Europe." American Journal of Archaeology 102, no. 1 (January 1998): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/506142.

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4

Crabtree, Pam. "The Archaeology of Medieval Europe." History Compass 7, no. 3 (May 2009): 879–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00594.x.

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5

Zimmermann, A., K. P. Wendt, T. Frank, and J. Hilpert. "Landscape Archaeology in Central Europe." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 75 (2009): 1–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00000281.

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Estimations of population density, which consider regional variability, are an important key variable in archaeology as they have consequences not only for the environmental but also for the economical and social domains. In this paper, a ten-step procedure of a consistent group of methods is described which deals with the data required for estimations of population density at different scale levels (from excavation to large-scale distribution maps). For distribution maps, a method is presented by which densities of sites are displayed using optimal isolines. These demarcate so called ‘settlement areas’ at scales of between 1:25,000 and 1:2.5 million. Our knowledge of the density of households from key areas with the most complete archaeological records is upscaled for the regions within these isolines. The results of this procedure are estimations of population density for the early Neolithic (Bandkeramik, 51st century BC) and the Roman period (2nd century AD) for regions with some 10,000 km2.A simple statistical/graphical method is developed to analyse the relationship between settlement areas, soils, and precipitation. Taking into account the aspects of preservation of sites and the intensity of archaeological observations, an analysis of patterns of land use shows that in prehistory not all areas suitable for use were in fact incorporated into settlement areas. For prehistory, the idea of a most optimised use of land up to its carrying capacity (as it has been proposed for at least 50 years) can be falsified for specific areas. A large number of empty regions with good ecological conditions but lacking in settlement activity can be discussed as resulting from culture historical processes. As an example, the separation of areas inhabited by groups of different identities is discussed. The amount of used space (in terms of ‘settlement area’) however, increases from the early Neolithic to the 4th century BC from 5% to more than 40%. The increase between the Neolithic and the Iron Age is understood in terms of technological developments in farming systems. The percentage of areas with suitable conditions actually utilised between the Bandkeramik and Iron Age increases from 31.1% to 67.5% in the area covered by the Geschichtlicher Atlas der Rheinlande, and is much higher still in the Roman period (84.3%). State societies seem to use the land more efficiently compared to non-state systems. This is becoming even clearer on consideration of the intensity of human impact.Large-scale distribution maps dividing the Neolithic in five periods were analysed. In each of the periods large settlement areas seem to be characterised either by the development of specific cultural innovations or by exchange of a specific raw material. In the course of time, the size of settlement areas in a specific region fluctuates markedly. It is most plausible to assume that this is due to a remarkable mobility of seemingly sedentary populations. Individual families recombine to new socio-cultural units every few hundred years.The relationship between size of settlement areas and the number of households can be used to develop ideas relating to the flow of exchange goods. An example for the Bandkeramik considering the Rijckholt-Flint is presented. The combination of the number of households and the percentage of this raw material in the specific settlement areas visualises the amount needed and the amount transferred to other settlement areas in the neighbourhood. A future economical archaeology could use this information to develop ideas relating to the importance of the economic sector, ie, ‘procurement of flint’ in relation to the ‘production of foodstuffs’ according to the time required for each group of activities.In the last section, the relationship between settlement areas and human impact is discussed. For the periods of subsistence economy, it is argued that the size of the population and its farming system are the two most important factors. For example, in Bandkeramik settlement areas, approximately 2% of the forest covering the landscape was cut down; in Roman times, and depending on the intensity of farming, this reaches magnitudes of between 20% and 50%. Although some of the methods and arguments used in this paper may be exchanged for better ones in the future, it is already apparent that a consistent system of methods is essential to transfer results of analyses on a lower scale level as input on a higher level and vice versa.
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6

Kristiansen, Kristian. "Do we need the ‘archaeology of Europe’?" Archaeological Dialogues 15, no. 1 (June 2008): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203808002419.

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AbstractIs there anything coherently ‘European’ about a European archaeology – or rather, about the ‘archaeology of Europe’ – or is it simply a modern political construct with no meaning in the ancient past? This paper analyses European archaeology through a historical perspective, tracing developments in the areas of archaeological conservation (heritage), thinking (theory/interpretations) and publication and teaching. It critically examines a perceived trend in archaeology from a national towards a European framework, and concludes instead that local and regional frameworks have become stronger in all three areas. To move forward, we should use our understanding of the relationship between ideology, politics and archaeology to promote a research agenda that actively contributes to the formation of critical knowledge about the conditions for heritage and research in contemporary society. There is scope for an archaeology that addresses fundamental historical problems and long-term histories of the various geographically and culturally interlinked regions of Europe.
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7

Klejn, Leo S. "To separate a centaur: on the relationship of archaeology and history in Soviet tradition." Antiquity 67, no. 255 (June 1993): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00045397.

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The relationship between archaeology and history is not just an abstract theoretical question: it is one which determines the practical organization of archaeological activity and the publication of its results. It is a general problem of archaeology in Europe, where the subject has had to differentiate itself from the historical study of a long series of literate cultures; and it is especially acute in the former Soviet bloc, where a Marxist orthodoxy of historical science formerly prevailed. Leo Klejn is Russaian archaeology's most distinguished theoretician. Here he discusses in his own words both the academic sociology of the historical sciences and the role which he sees for archaeology within them.
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8

Andersen, Michael. "Archaeology and Sigillography in Northern Europe." Medieval Globe 4, no. 1 (2018): 213–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17302/tmg.4-1.8.

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Medieval seals, traditionally considered from the perspective of their documentary function, may also be studied as archaeological artefacts. Pilgrim badges were seal-shaped, and seal matrices and seal impressions can be found on church bells, in altars, and in burial sites. The context in which matrices are excavated provides valuable information on the practices of sealing and on the values attached to seals. This article also reveals a hitherto undescribed late medieval practice whereby papal and Scandinavian royal correspondents exchanged seal matrices.
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9

Nicoll, Kathleen. "Book Review: Alluvial archaeology in Europe." Holocene 14, no. 5 (July 2004): 797–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968360401400522.

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10

Papagianni, Dimitra. "Palaeolithic archaeology in an united Europe." Antiquity 77, no. 298 (December 2003): 842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00061780.

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11

Willems, Willem J. H. "Archaeology and Europe: ‘Reflexiveness’ and Action." Archaeological Dialogues 7, no. 1 (September 2000): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800001586.

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For more than a decade, since the mid-80s, the context of archaeology has changed rapidly and profoundly all over Europe. We are still in the middle of this development and numerous recent publications show an increasing awareness of archaeologists about its causes and implications. This is what Gramsch in his paper calls the self-reflexive approach and I join him in his appeal for the development of an archaeological reflexive theory embedded in sociological theory and epistemology. Not only to help us to be better aware of the changing context of our work but also to provide us with the insights and the tools to cope with such change.
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12

ASTILL, G. "ARCHAEOLOGY, ECONOMICS AND EARLY MEDIEVAL EUROPE." Oxford Journal of Archaeology 4, no. 2 (July 1985): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.1985.tb00243.x.

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13

Quirós Castillo, Juan Antonio. "Agrarian archaeology in Early Medieval Europe." Quaternary International 346 (September 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.08.007.

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14

Kadrow, S. "Europe Before History." European Journal of Archaeology 4, no. 3 (December 1, 2001): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146195710100400303.

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15

Pearce, Mark. "European heritage. A view from the periphery." Archaeological Dialogues 15, no. 1 (June 2008): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203808002493.

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In this stimulating piece Kristiansen provides a trenchant critique of the provincialism of much European archaeology (though he tends to concentrate his argument on prehistory), but he does not really engage with the question of whether we need an archaeology of Europe until his closing paragraphs. Here his answer is that ‘Europe and its regions [are] a far better and less exclusive frame of reference than the dominant local and national framework’ (p. NN) – i.e. we need an archaeology of Europe not to exclude others but in order to transcend narrow provincialism. Like Kristiansen, I too would like to put off engaging with the question, and start by examining his argument.
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16

Renfrew, Colin. "The Identity of Europe in Prehistoric Archaeology." Journal of European Archaeology 2, no. 2 (September 1994): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/096576694800719111.

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17

Diachenko, Aleksandr. "Archaeology and the nation state. The case of eastern Europe." Archaeological Dialogues 23, no. 1 (May 20, 2016): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203816000039.

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AbstractThis paper discusses state influences on archaeology in eastern Europe (as geographically defined by the United Nations Statistics Division). In this respect, the following issues are considered: the current situation of a nation state, the links between archaeology and nation states in eastern Europe and the factors influencing the future potential increase of nationalism in the discipline.
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18

Cruz-Uribe, Kathryn, and Clive Gamble. "The Palaeolithic of Europe." South African Archaeological Bulletin 43, no. 147 (June 1988): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3887621.

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19

Whallon, Robert, Graeme Barker, and Alasdair Whittle. "Prehistoric Farming in Europe." American Journal of Archaeology 90, no. 4 (October 1986): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/506041.

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20

Holloway, R. Ross, and Anthony F. Harding. "The Mycenaeans and Europe." American Journal of Archaeology 90, no. 3 (July 1986): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/505704.

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21

Dommasnes, Liv Helga, and Sandra Montón-Subías. "European Gender Archaeologies in Historical Perspective." European Journal of Archaeology 15, no. 3 (2012): 367–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1461957112y.0000000016.

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This study presents an overview of the development of gender archaeologies in local academies across Europe, from the initial efforts in Norway in the early 1970s, to the founding of the multinational Archaeology and Gender in Europe (AGE) working group in 2009. In addition, the study seeks to show the scope of gender archaeology once contributions from different traditions in different languages are included, and to provide comparative historiographies for those European countries where gender archaeology is now a major strand of research. We hope that innovative approaches to the study of gender in the past will emerge in the future thanks to fruitful encounters between regional trends and developments.
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22

Editorial board. "Foreword." Ex Novo: Journal of Archaeology 6 (February 11, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/vol6isspp1.

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Making Archaeology Public. A View from the Mediterranean, Eastern Europe and Beyond The concept of Public Archaeology has profoundly changed since Mc Grimsey’s first formulation in the early 1970s, as it developed a solid conceptual and practical framework along the years that makes it now an independent branch of archaeology. However, in English-speaking and Northern European countries, the perception of archaeology as a common good was widely spread even before the actual formalization of Public Archaeology as a specific curriculum offered by several universities. Not surprisingly, such an earlier interest led to the development of a markedly North Europe-centric perspective on the topic, which keeps steering much of the current reflection on Public Archaeology despite the emergence of multiple and alternative standpoints on the matter, further deepening the great divide between the archaeologies of Northern and Southern European countries.
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23

Bagge, Sverre Håkon. "History, Archaeology and Cultural Comparison." European Review 28, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798719000590.

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Ian Morris’s Why the West Rules – for Now (2010) is a brilliant book, dealing with Eurasian history from the first civilisations to the present. It takes an intermediate position in the famous debate about Europe and the rest of the world and European dominance during the last few centuries. Morris uses all kinds of sources. However, his general approach is staunchly materialistic: the motors of history are fear, sloth and greed. Cultural differences do exist, but can be explained by the former factors. This is an attitude not confined to archaeologists, nor necessarily shared by all of them, but may nevertheless have something to do with Morris’s background in this field. One objection is that Morris may have underestimated the importance of institutional factors; he does not discuss the division of Europe into separate states, which has often been regarded as a central factor in ‘the Rise of the West’. This in turn raises the question of the ‘two hand-maidens’ and their relationship to the EU. If political division is an essential feature of Europe, what will happen if this division disappears?
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24

Meskell, Lynn. "Goddesses, Gimbutas and New Age archaeology." Antiquity 69, no. 262 (March 1995): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00064310.

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For a century a notion of a prehistoric Mother Goddess has infused some perceptions of ancient Europe, whatever the realities of developing archaeological knowledge. With the reverent respect now being given to Marija Gimbutas, and her special vision of a perfect matriarchy in Old Europe, a daughter-goddess is now being made, bearer of a holy spirit in our own time, to be set alongside the wise mother of old.
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25

Venclová, Natalie. "Archaeology in Czechoslovakia: trends and approaches." Antiquity 65, no. 247 (June 1991): 306–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00079801.

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Whatever the journalist’s definition of eastern Europe might be (cf. S. Milisauskas in ANTIQUITY 64: 283], let us state, as introduction to this Special Section, that Czechoslovakia (FIGURE 1) is a country in Central, not Eastern, Europe. It is somewhat controversial to speak about its ‘return to Europe’, as some politicians would have it, as it has been there all the time. After the period of limited contacts of Czechoslovak archaeologists with their colleagues ‘in the West’ it is felt that now, in the changed (post-November-1989) situation, information on the current state of research, and especially on the approaches applied recently to the study of Czech and Slovak archaeological material (and perhaps on Czechoslovakia's geographical position as well?) may be of use for an interested English-speaking reader. The following – rather random – selection of articles is the result.
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26

Straus, Lawrence G., and Clive Gamble. "The Palaeolithic Settlement of Europe." American Journal of Archaeology 91, no. 4 (October 1987): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/505295.

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27

Phillips, Patricia. "Prehistoric Europe." Journal of Archaeological Science 13, no. 1 (January 1986): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(86)90031-2.

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28

Bednarski, Steven. "The Documentary Archaeology of Late Medieval Europe (DALME)." Digital Philology: A Journal of Medieval Cultures 11, no. 1 (March 2022): 221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dph.2022.0003.

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29

Guidi, Alessandro, and Massimo Tarantini. "THE EMERGENCE OF STRATIGRAPHIC ARCHAEOLOGY IN MEDITERRANEAN EUROPE." Acta Archaeologica 88, no. 1 (December 2017): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0390.2017.12180.x.

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30

Nordqvist, Kerkko. "Contacts and the Neolithic archaeology of Northeastern Europe." TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE FOR THE HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE Russian Academy of Sciences 20 (2019): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/2310-6557-2019-20-11-24.

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31

O'Keeffe, Tadhg. "Can the ‘archaeology of Europe’ survive postprocessual euroscepticism?" Archaeological Dialogues 15, no. 1 (June 2008): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s138020380800247x.

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In the title of his paper Professor Kristiansen poses a question that turns out to be affirmatively rhetorical. One could surely be forgiven for reading the title and thinking that this eminent European and europeanist prehistorian had lobbed his own grenade of doubt into a discipline which, despite occasional protestations, has long assumed Europe to be a real place, a legitimate geographical context. In truth, it is not really a surprise that Professor Kristiansen asserts that we need to be more European, not less, in our thinking, but what is a surprise (to me, anyway) is the pathway he lays down towards that conclusion. His observations about the relationship between heritage/conservation issues on the one hand, and the shift from positivism to postprocessualism in archaeological theory on the other, are certainly thought-provoking, as are the results of his survey of linguistic and citation trends in recent archaeological literature, but have they a natural home in this particular argument? If yes, is his argument in favour of a greater ‘European-ness’ of enquiry the natural outcome of invoking them?
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32

Kristiansen, Kristian. "Contract archaeology in Europe: an experiment in diversity." World Archaeology 41, no. 4 (December 2009): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438240903371486.

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33

Hills, Catherine. "History and archaeology: the state of play in early medieval Europe." Antiquity 81, no. 311 (March 1, 2007): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0009493x.

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How useful is archaeology to historians? Do they use it in their work? If so how? Catherine Hills considers a number of mighty histories of early medieval Europe that have recently appeared and examines how far the extremely productive archaeology of the last two decades has affected them – or failed to.
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Kajda, Kornelia, Amala Marx, Holly Wright, Julian Richards, Arkadiusz Marciniak, Kai Salas Rossenbach, Michal Pawleta, et al. "Archaeology, Heritage, and Social Value: Public Perspectives on European Archaeology." European Journal of Archaeology 21, no. 1 (May 9, 2017): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2017.19.

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This article presents the key results of a major survey carried out by the NEARCH project on the public perception of archaeology and heritage across Europe. The analysis focuses on three main points of significance for contemporary archaeological practice. The first is the image of archaeology and its definition in the perception of the general public. The second concerns the values that archaeology represents for the public. The third focuses on the social expectations placed on archaeologists and archaeology. The NEARCH survey clearly indicates that there is a significant public expectation by Europeans that archaeology should work comprehensively across a broad range of areas, and that cultural heritage management in general needs to engage more with different archaeological and heritage groups.
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Kośko, Aleksander, Marzena Szmyt, Przemysław Makarowicz, and Marcin Ignaczak. "Intermarine Area Archaeology and its Contribution to Studies of Prehistoric Europe." Open Archaeology 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opar-2020-0205.

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Abstract Intermarine Area Archaeology refers to research programmes focusing on the prehistory of the Baltic-Pontic Intermarine Area, i.e. lands extending between the Baltic and Black seas. This article outlines the development stages and current state of Intermarine Area Archaeology in Poland, being one of the several important research studies into the prehistory of the continent in the Eneolithic, Bronze, and Early Iron Ages. The authors concentrate on the southern portion of the Intermarine Area that covers the Black Sea catchment area. When describing the current state of the Polish conceptual and research contribution to Intermarine Area Archaeology, space shall be given to the programme offer, formation of international research teams, and research specializations.
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Gramsch, Alexander. "‘Reflexiveness’ in archaeology, nationalism, and Europeanism." Archaeological Dialogues 7, no. 1 (September 2000): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800001550.

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Abstract‘Reflexiveness’ is a term used for the growth of discussions in archaeology on its history, epistemology, and social relevance. While much of this reflecting refers to the relation of archaeology and nationalism, leading to insights into the politicisation of archaeological research and presentation to the public and the use of the past for ideological purposes, still we can witness many parallels to the use of prehistory for the creation of a European identity. After briefly commenting on discussions on different nationalisms and national and cultural identity, I will present a short history of ideas of Europe, followed by a consideration of two examples of the attempt to create the lacking founding myth of post-cold-war Europe. In the end, it is argued that a ‘Reflexive Theory’ should necessarily replace current rather politically motivated ‘reflexiveness’ and is needed to examine critically the Europeanist notion of European archaeology.
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Bradley, Richard. "A Life Less Ordinary: the Ritualization of the Domestic Sphere in Later Prehistoric Europe." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 13, no. 1 (April 2003): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774303000015.

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This article, which is based on the fourteenth McDonald Lecture, considers two tensions in contemporary archaeology. One is between interpretations of specific structures, monuments and deposits as the result of either ‘ritual’ or ‘practical’ activities in the past, and the other is between an archaeology that focuses on subsistence and adaptation and one that emphasizes cognition, meaning, and agency. It suggests that these tensions arise from an inadequate conception of ritual itself. Drawing on recent studies of ritualization, it suggests that it might be more helpful to consider how aspects of domestic life took on special qualities in later prehistoric Europe. The discussion is based mainly on Neolithic enclosures and other monuments, Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement sites and the Viereckschanzen of central Europe. It may have implications for field archaeology as well as social archaeology, and also for those who study the formation of the archaeological record.
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Orser, Charles E. "An Archaeology of Eurocentrism." American Antiquity 77, no. 4 (October 2012): 737–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.77.4.737.

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AbstractThe role of Europe and Europeans in the archaeology of post-1500 history has recently been critiqued. Some research has been pejoratively labeled Eurocentrism. This paper addresses the problems with adopting an emotional understanding of Eurocentrism and argues instead for its archaeological examination within the framework of an explicit multiscalar modern-world (historical) archaeology. An example comes from seventeenth-century Dutch settlements located in and around present-day Albany, New York.
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Robson, Harry K. "The early settlement of Northern Europe." Antiquity 93, no. 367 (February 2019): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2018.264.

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This three-volume publication presents an up-to-date overview on the human colonisation of Northern Europe across the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in Scandinavia, the Eastern Baltic and Great Britain. Volume 1, Ecology of early settlement in Northern Europe, is a collection of 17 articles focusing on subsistence strategies and technologies, ecology and resource availability and demography in relation to different ecological niches. It is structured according to three geographic regions, the Skagerrak-Kattegat, the Baltic Region and the North Sea/Norwegian Sea, while its temporal focus is Late Glacial and Postglacial archaeology, c. 11000–5000 cal BC. These regions are particularly interesting given the long research history, which goes back as far as the nineteenth century (see Gron & Rowley-Conwy 2018), and the numerous environmental changes that have taken place throughout the Holocene: the presence of ice until c. 7500 cal BC, isostatic rebound alongside sea-level rise and the formation of the Baltic Sea, all of which have contributed to the preservation of outstanding archaeology.
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40

Bankoff, H. Arthur, and Frederick A. Winter. "The Later Aeneolithic in Southeastern Europe." American Journal of Archaeology 94, no. 2 (April 1990): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/505948.

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41

Funari, Pedro Paulo A. "L'Archéologie Nazie em Europe de l'Ouest." Public Archaeology 7, no. 2 (May 2008): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175355308x330052.

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42

Merkyte, Inga. "THE MESOLITHIC SYNDROME IN SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE." Acta Archaeologica 74, no. 1 (October 2003): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0065-001x.2003.aar740108.x.

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43

Patou-Mathis, Maryl�ne. "Neanderthal subsistence behaviours in Europe." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 10, no. 5 (2000): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1212(200009/10)10:5<379::aid-oa558>3.0.co;2-4.

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44

de Regt, Herman C. D. G. "The History of European Archaeology as Evidence for a Philosophy of Science?" Archaeological Dialogues 1, no. 1 (January 1994): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800000088.

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A further vindication of Hodder's theory on european archaeology Jan Slofstra's article on the twentieth century history of Dutch Archaeology should be included in the next edition of Hodder'sArchaeological Theory in Europe(1991a). When we consider Hodder's own contribution to the collection of essays on the history of European archaeology (Hodder 1991b) we find that the history of Dutch archaeology nicely illustrates most of the themes which are uncovered by the many detailed historical studies of European archaeology. (Throughout my commentary I will assume that Slofstra's reconstruction of the history of Dutch archaeology is correct, though (perhaps) incomplete).
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45

Bartu-Candan, Ayfer. "Beyond the pendulum model in rethinking the archaeology of Europe." Archaeological Dialogues 15, no. 1 (June 2008): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203808002432.

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In his review of recent trends in archaeology, Kristiansen argues that the changes in broad trends in cultural heritage management parallel profound changes in archaeological theory under the banner of postprocessualism. He also argues that one can conceptualize these changes through a pendulum model that swings between rationalism and romanticism, the former favouring generalized interpretations, the latter favouring local and national histories. For Kristiansen the problem lies in the emphasis on local and national frameworks for interpretation promoted by postmodernism and postprocessualism that prevents archaeologists from asking broader questions. Moreover, he claims, ‘the humanities, including archaeology, are today losing academic and political impact precisely because of this narrowing of their role’ (p. 24).
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46

Falconer, Keith. "Industrial and engineering heritage in Europe, 50 winners of the European Heritage Awards/Europa Nostra Awards." Industrial Archaeology Review 43, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03090728.2021.1903696.

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47

Arnold, Bettina, and Robert J. Jeske. "The Archaeology of Death: Mortuary Archaeology in the United States and Europe 1990–2013." Annual Review of Anthropology 43, no. 1 (October 21, 2014): 325–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102313-025851.

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48

Barrett, John. "The Archaeology of Population Dynamics." Current Swedish Archaeology 27, no. 27 (December 30, 2019): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2019.02.

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A critical evaluation of the recent interpretation of aDNA data that link the adoption of domesticated plants and animals across Europe with a migration of human populations from southwest Asia and the Aegean. These data have been used to question previous models that argued for the uptake of farming by indigenous hunter-gatherer populations.
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49

Anderson, Albin T., and Johs Nielsen. "1864: Da Europa gik af lave [1864: Europe in Disorder]." American Historical Review 94, no. 1 (February 1989): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1862115.

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50

Harding, Anthony. "World Systems, Cores, and Peripheries in Prehistoric Europe." European Journal of Archaeology 16, no. 3 (2013): 378–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1461957113y.0000000032.

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The paper reviews the rise and utility of World Systems Theory in archaeology, with particular reference to Europe and the Bronze Age. After a consideration of its origins in the 1970s and 1980s, the main aspects of the theory are discussed. The evidence that shows that the Bronze Age world was highly interconnected is presented, and the implications of a World Systems view of the period considered. In an attempt to work towards a new narrative of the European Bronze Age, a brief discussion of network methods is introduced, since these offer an alternative, ‘bottom-up’, approach to the period which, it is argued, is more appropriate to the data than the World Systems approach.
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