Journal articles: 'Arcanobacterium spp'

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Suvajdzic, Ljiljana, Jelena Asanin, Bjanka Lako, Aleksandar Potkonjak, Vladimir Sakac, Ivana Cabarkapa, and Natasa Stojakovic. "Isolation of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum from calves with pneumonia and proposal of a diagnostic protocol." Veterinarski glasnik 66, no. 3-4 (2012): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1204165s.

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The aims of this study are the isolation and identification of possible bacteriological agents in respiratory infections of calves and the optimization of a diagnostic protocol to identify Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. Lesions of lungs from calves with pneumonia were examined. Cultural, morphological and conventional biochemical testing were done. The investigation was complemented by the double CAMP test. Five strains of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in pure culture were found. The presence of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in the lungs of calves with pneumonia was established and, consequently, more attention should be paid to this species in everyday laboratory work. The cultural similarity of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum to common bacteria like beta-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. and Arcanobacterium pyogenes is probably responsible for rare reports on the isolation of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in veterinary microbiology. Our results indicate that Arcanobacterium haemolyticum could be or is the etiological agent of pneumonia. Therefore, we suggest the diagnostic protocol available for routine work in most microbiological laboratories.

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Фирсов, Григорий Михайлович, Алексей Анатольевич Ряднов, Светлана Александровна Акимова, Зоя Черменовна Морозова, Тамара Александровна Ряднова, and Юлия Григорьевна Фирсова. "Внутриутробные инфекции у крупного рогатого скота Волгоградской области." Аграрная Россия, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1999-5636-2023-1-40-43.

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Исследование проводили на территории обслуживания ветеринарных участков в Волгоградской области на потомстве от 1228 дойных коров голштино-фризской породы в 2018 – 2022 гг. От мертворожденных телят были выделены вирусы-возбудители вирусной диареи крупного рогатого скота и бычьего герпеса 1 и 4 типов. Бактериальных факторов выделено гораздо больше: Arcanobacterium (Trueperella) pyogenes, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes и Escherichia coli. Кроме того, из организмов телят выделяли множество подвидов микроорганизмов, таких как Aeromonas, Proteus, Staphylococcus, Neisseria, Acinetobacter, Mannheimia varigena. Среди паразитарных факторов наибольшее значение имело заражение Neospora caninum, присутствие которого чаще всего обнаруживали среди изученных патогенов на основании наличия кист в головном мозге. К грибковым факторам относили выделение грибов вида Aspergillus fumigatus, реже Absidia spp., Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp. и Candida spp. Наиболее частым диагнозом были паразитарные (42,86 %), затем бактериальные (33,33 %) и реже вирусные (23,81 %) заболевания. Полученные результаты показали, что внутриутробная инфекция выявляется примерно у каждого 5-го мертворожденного теленка. Однако это не означает, что инфекция вызывала гибель всех телят, но ее наличие могло значительно снизить жизнеспособность телят и тем самым способствовать их гибели.

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Ribeiro, Márcio G., Alexandra F. Belotta, Marta C. Fernandes, Rafael Guena, Geraldo de Nardi Júnior, Gustavo H. B. Lara, Rogério Giuffrida, and Thiago de O. Zamprogna. "Citologia aspirativa no diagnóstico da linfadenite em ovinos." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31, no. 10 (October 2011): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2011001000002.

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O presente estudo investigou o uso da cito-(73,0%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (6,0%), Streptococlogia aspirativa com agulha fina no diagnóstico da lin-cus spp. β hemolítico (5,0%) e Escherichia coli (4,0%) fadenite em ovinos e a ocorrência de microrganismos foram os microrganismos mais frequentes nos animais nos linfonodos com lesões, com ênfase no isolamento de com linfadenite. Streptococcus spp. (21,0%) e Staphylo-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Foram utilizados coccus spp. (7,0%) foram as bactérias isoladas com 100 linfonodos de ovinos com aumento de volume su-maior frequência nos linfonodos sem lesões colhidos em gestivos de linfadenite e 100 linfonodos de ovinos sem abatedouro. A punção aspirativa com agulha fina perlesões, colhidos em abatedouro. C. pseudotuberculosis mitiu identificar microrganismos "corineformes" em 79 (79,0%) animais com linfadenite e, destes, 73 (73,0%) foram identificados como C. pseudotuberculosis. Nenhuma linhagem de C. pseudotuberculosis foi isolada dos linfonodos dos animais sem lesões. Concluiu-se que C. pseudotuberculosis foi o microrganismo mais freqüente nos ovinos com linfadenite, e que a citologia aspirativa pode ser utilizada como método de triagem no diagnóstico da linfadenite caseosa ovina

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Wareth, Gamal, Jayaseelan Murugaiyan, Dalia F. Khater, and Shawky Ahmed Moustafa. "Subclinical pulmonary pathogenic infection in camels slaughtered in Cairo, Egypt." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 07 (July 14, 2014): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.4810.

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Introduction: Camels migrate between the open boundaries of Sudan and Egypt either for grazing or for slaughtering. Bad hygiene and stress is often related to pulmonary diseases in camels. This study investigated whether camels slaughtered in Cairo carried pulmonary infections. Methodology: Five hundred lung tissues of slaughtered camels were examined and 100 samples suspected for pulmonary infection were subjected to microbial identification and histopathology. Results: A total of 70 lung tissues revealed 97 bacterial isolates of 8 species, including Staphylococcus aureus (37.14%), Escherichia coli (27.14%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.71%), Bacillus spp. (25.72%), Streptococcus pyogenes (10%), Corynebacterium spp. (8.85 %), Pasteurella spp. (2.85%), and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (1.4%). Some of these species were earlier reported to be associated with pulmonary infection. Histopathology revealed different types of pneumonia in 50% of the investigated lungs. Conclusions: A considerable number of apparently healthy camels carry pathogenic agents in their lower respiratory tracts. Immunosuppression and stressful conditions might influence these pathogens to induce respiratory diseases in camels. Thus, the infected camels might act as reservoir of these infections agents. If adequate care is not taken, this might be a threat to abattoir workers and may spread infections to humans.

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Jost, B. Helen, Adam C. Field, Hien T. Trinh, J. Glenn Songer, and Stephen J. Billington. "Tylosin Resistance in Arcanobacterium pyogenes Is Encoded by an Erm X Determinant." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 11 (November 2003): 3519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.11.3519-3524.2003.

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ABSTRACT Arcanobacterium pyogenes, a commensal on the mucous membranes of many economically important animal species, is also a pathogen, causing abscesses of the skin, joints, and visceral organs as well as mastitis and abortion. In food animals, A. pyogenes is exposed to antimicrobial agents used for growth promotion, prophylaxis, and therapy, notably tylosin, a macrolide antibiotic used extensively for the prevention of liver abscessation in feedlot cattle in the United States. Of 48 A. pyogenes isolates, 11 (22.9%) exhibited inducible or constitutive resistance to tylosin (MIC of ≥128 μg/ml). These isolates also exhibited resistance to other macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics, suggesting a macrolide-lincosamide resistance phenotype. Of the 11 resistant isolates, genomic DNA from nine hybridized to an erm(X)-specific probe. Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the A. pyogenes erm(X) gene indicated that it was >95% similar to erm(X) genes from Corynebacterium and Propionibacterium spp. Eight of the erm(X)-containing A. pyogenes isolates exhibited inducible tylosin resistance, which was consistent with the presence of a putative leader peptide upstream of the erm(X) open reading frame. For at least one A. pyogenes isolate, 98-4277-2, erm(X) was present on a plasmid, pAP2, and was associated with the insertion sequence IS6100. pAP2 also carried genes encoding the repressor-regulated tetracycline efflux system determinant Tet 33. The repA gene from pAP2 was nonfunctional in Escherichia coli and at least one A. pyogenes isolate, suggesting that there may be host-encoded factors required for replication of this plasmid.

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Đuričić, Dražen, Tomislav Sukalić, Franjo Marković, Predrag Kočila, Ivona Žura Žaja, Sven Menčik, Tomislav Dobranić, Miroslav Benić, and Marko Samardžija. "Effects of Dietary Vibroactivated Clinoptilolite Supplementation on the Intramammary Microbiological Findings in Dairy Cows." Animals 10, no. 2 (January 25, 2020): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10020202.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary vibroactivated clinoptilolite supplementation on the intramammary microbiological findings in dairy cows, causative agents of potential intramammary infection, and their sensitivity to antibiotics. Cows (n = 78) were randomly divided into two groups: CPL-treated group that received clinoptilolite (CPL) in-feed (n = 38), i.e., 50 g natural powdered zeolite CPL, twice daily from the seventh month of pregnancy to 75 days after calving, and the control group (CON) of untreated cows (n = 40). Milk samples were taken from each cow on days 7, 25, 45, and 75 postpartum. The following causative pathogens were isolated in 86 udder quarters: Staphylococcus aureus in 5.81% of positive samples, Staphylococcus spp. 9.32%, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) 22.09%, Streptococcus uberis 13.95%, Streptococcus agalactiae 1.16%, Streptococcus sp. 3.49%, Escherichia coli 8.13%, Enterococcus spp. 6.98%, Corynebacterium spp. 11.63%, Pasteurella sp. 10.47%, Serratia spp. 2.33%, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Citrobacter sp., Prototheca sp., and yeasts each in 1.16% of samples. Additionally, 3.87% of environmental microflora samples (n = 47) and 89.06% of udder samples (n = 1083) were bacteriologically negative. The most effective antibiotics were cefoperazone and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, while cloxacillin and tetracycline were the least effective antibiotics in both groups. In the clinoptilolite supplemented (CPL) group (n = 38) of 14 cows, nine causative agents of mastitis were isolated in 27 quarters, while in the control (CON) group (n = 40) of 24 cows, 13 causative agents of mastitis were isolated in 59 quarters. Cows from the CON group had a 1.96 times higher risk of intramammary infection than cows from the CPL group during the observation period (odds ratio = 1.96, p = 0.0031; 95% CI = 1.2570–3.0770).

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Radanovic, Oliver, Jadranka Zutic, Dobrila Jakic-Dimic, Branislav Kureljusic, and Bozidar Savic. "The Prevalence of Pasteurella Multocida from Farm Pigs in Serbia." Macedonian Veterinary Review 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/macvetrev-2015-0063.

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AbstractThe investigations covered a total of 234 lungs from necropsied pigs with different pneumonic lesions, from 6 farrow-to-finish pig farms during 2013 and 2014. The samples were inoculated on selective culture media and aerobically incubated at 37°C and in carbon dioxide condition. The isolated bacterial colonies were further characterised morphologically and biochemically. The identification was confirmed using the BBL Crystal, E/N, G/P ID Kit (Becton Dickinson). For determination of the type of Pasteurella multocida, the PCR method was used. The findings showed that bacteria were isolated from 202 (86%) out of 234 examined lung samples. The pure isolates of Pasteurella multocida were obtained from 71 (35 %) samples. Out of the remaining 29 (14%) examined lung samples, 9, 8, 7 and 5 examined lung samples were shown as mixed cultures of Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus spp., Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis, respectively. The PCR method confirmed that all 15 investigated strains of P. multocida belong to type A.

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Schlesinger, David J., Nadja B. Shoemaker, and Abigail A. Salyers. "Possible Origins of CTnBST, a Conjugative Transposon Found Recently in a Human Colonic Bacteroides Strain." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 13 (May 4, 2007): 4226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00455-07.

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ABSTRACT A previous survey of Bacteroides isolates suggested that the ermB gene entered Bacteroides spp. recently. Previously, ermB had been found almost exclusively in gram-positive bacteria. In one Bacteroides strain, ermB was located on 100-kb conjugative transposon (CTn) CTnBST. To assess the possible origin of this CTn, we obtained the full DNA sequence of CTnBST and used this information to investigate its possible origins. Over one-half of CTnBST had high sequence identity to a putative CTn found in the genome of Bacteroides fragilis YCH46. This included the ends of the CTn and genes involved in integration, transfer, and excision. However, the region around the ermB gene contained genes that appeared to originate from gram-positive organisms. In particular, a 7-kb segment containing the ermB gene was 100% identical to an ermB region found in the genome of the gram-positive bacterium Arcanobacterium pyogenes. A screen of Bacteroides isolates whose DNA cross-hybridized with a CTnBST probe revealed that several isolates did not carry the 7-kb region, implying that the acquisition of this region may be more recent than the acquisition of the entire CTnBST element by Bacteroides spp. We have also identified other Bacteroides isolates that carry a slightly modified 7-kb region but have no other traces of CTnBST. Thus, it is possible that this 7-kb region could itself be part of a mobile element that has inserted in a Bacteroides CTn. Our results show that CTnBST is a hybrid element which has acquired a portion of its coding region from gram-positive bacteria but which may originally have come from Bacteroides spp. or some related species.

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Klopfleisch, R., U. Polster, K. Klingler, and J. P. Teifke. "Hochgradige, aber klinisch »stumme« Cholangiolithiasis beim Rind." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere 32, no. 01 (2004): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623280.

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ZusammenfassungBerichte über Konkremente der Gallenwege bei Haustieren sind selten, nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil die Cholelithiasis beim Tier meist klinisch inapparent verläuft. Bei Rindern können Gallensteine aber gelegentlich zu Kolikerscheinungen mit Diarrhö führen. Gallenpigmentsteine und Gallenpigment- Kalksteine stellen bei dieser Tierart den häufigsten Steintyp dar. Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet über eine massive, jedoch klinisch inapparente Cholelithiasis bei einem 17-jährigen, weiblichen Niederungsrind. Bei der Sektion des mit dem bovinen Leukosevirus infizierten Tieres fand sich eine hochgradige chronisch-eitrige Cholangitis und Pericholangitis. Das Lumen aller größeren Gallengänge füllten annähernd 100, zwischen 5 und 10 mm große, rundliche bis polygonale, meist facettierte Cholelithen aus. Die Konkremente waren von orangebrauner Farbe und fester Konsistenz, im Anschnitt geschichtet. Histopathologisch ließen sich zwischen den Schichten der Gallensteine an mehreren Lokalisationen große Haufen kokkoider bis kurzstäbchenförmiger grampositiver Bakterien nachweisen, die durch bakteriologische Untersuchung als Arcanobacterium spp. und Sphingomonas paucimobilis bestimmt wurden. Mittels infrarotspektroskopischer Untersuchung konnten als Hauptbestandteile der Konkremente 85% Kalziumbilirubinat und 15% Bilirubin festgestellt werden. Der Nachweis von Bakterien in den Konkrementen spricht in diesem Fall in hohem Maße für eine Beteiligung der Mikroorganismen an der Cholelithogenese.

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Hudspeth, Marie K., Sharon Hunt Gerardo, Diane M. Citron, and Ellie J. C. Goldstein. "Evaluation of the RapID CB Plus System for Identification of Corynebacterium Species and Other Gram-Positive Rods." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 2 (1998): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.2.543-547.1998.

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Due to the difficulty of identifying Corynebacteriumspp. with standard methods, we compared them with the RapID CB Plus system (Remel, Lenexa, Kans. [formerly Innovative Diagnostic Systems, Norcross, Ga.]), which consists of 4 carbohydrate and 14 preformed enzyme tests, for the identification of 98 clinical isolates of Corynebacterium sp., other coryneforms,Listeria monocytogenes, and 17 ATCC strains. Forty (95%) of 42 strains of Corynebacterium spp. were accurately identified to the species level by the RapID CB Plus system, and two additional strains of C. striatum were identified with one additional conventional test for lipid requirement. Twenty-seven (75%) of the 36 coryneform strains tested were identified correctly to the species level. However, three of four strains of Brevibacterium sp. and all seven of theL. monocytogenes strains were identified to the genus level only. Actinomyces strains had variable results, and the one strain of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum tested was not identified. Overall, the RapID CB Plus system compared favorably with the conventional methods, was easy to inoculate and interpret, and is promising as a new method for identification of gram-positive bacilli.

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Chirino-Trejo, Manuel, Murray R. Woodbury, and Fei Huang. "ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FUSOBACTERIUM SPP. AND ARCANOBACTERIUM PYOGENES ISOLATED FROM FARMED WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) WITH NECROBACILLOSIS." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 34, no. 3 (September 2003): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/02-019.

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Zankl, A., K. Matiasek, W. Schmahl, K. Heinritzi, M. Ritzmann, and S. Elicker. "Lähmungserscheinungen bei Mastschweinen aufgrund einer bakteriellen Hirnstamm-Meningoenzephalitis, verursacht durch eine aufsteigende Zahnfach- und Kieferhöhlenentzündung." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere 35, no. 05 (2007): 377–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1621642.

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Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Diagnostische Abklärung von Lähmungserscheinungen, die vereinzelt bei Mastschweinen bis 60 kg in einem Bestand mit 900 Mastplätzen auftraten. Material und Methoden: Ein männlich-kastrierter Mastläufer aus dem Bestand wurde in die Klinik für Schweine der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München eingeliefert und klinisch, labordiagnostisch und pathologisch- anatomisch untersucht. Ergebnisse: Der schlecht genährte Läufer befand sich in rechter Seitenlage mit Kopfschiefhaltung nach rechts. Er hatte kein Stehvermögen und Gehversuche waren auch mit Unterstützung nicht möglich. Die neurologische Untersuchung ergab einen normalen Analreflex, normale After- und Zwischenklauenreflexe an allen vier Gliedmaßen sowie eine erhaltene Hautsensibilität. Der Kornealreflex des rechten Auges war erloschen. Die serologische Untersuchung lieferte keine Hinweise auf Aujeszky‘sche Krankheit (AK), Klassische Schweinepest (KSP) und Leptospira spp. Die Werte der hämatologischen und klinisch-chemischen Parameter lagen im Referenzbereich. Pathologisch-anatomisch wurde eine rechtsseitige Hirnstamm-Meningoenzephalitis mit Isolierung von Arcanobacterium pyogenes nachgewiesen. Der neuropathologische Befund ergab als Ursache für die Meningoenzephalitis eine Zahnfach- und Kieferhöhlenentzündung mit Ausbreitung über den Nervus maxillaris. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Als Ursache für Lähmungen der Gliedmaßen bei Läufern sollten auch aufsteigende Zahnfachentzündungen durch Zahnfrakturen oder falsch durchgeführte zootechnische Maßnahmen (Zähnezwicken) in Betracht gezogen werden.

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Vila, J., P. Juiz, C. Salas, M. Almela, C. G. de la Fuente, Y. Zboromyrska, J. Navas, et al. "Identification of Clinically Relevant Corynebacterium spp., Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, and Rhodococcus equi by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 50, no. 5 (February 15, 2012): 1745–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.05821-11.

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M. A. N. Al rodhan, Y. I. Kh AL-Tofaily And. "Study on Clinical Mastitis (Bacteriological) in She-Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Some Areas of Middle Euphrates in Iraq." Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences 10, no. 2 (December 28, 2011): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29079/vol10iss2art156.

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The lack of information about mastitis in camels in Iraq has stimulated this research in desert lands of AL-Najaf and Al-Qadissiya provinces. The study is concerned with determining the overall infection, percentage of clinical mastitis according to age, stages of lactation and the number of calving, as well as detection the susceptibility of isolated microorganism to the antimicrobial drugs. 402 quarters of 141 lactating she-camels were examined.Result of this study show that percentage of clinical mastitis was 5.22 % and 11.35% for quarters and animals respectively. 23.81% and 18.75% of quarters and animals respectively were showed acute form of mastitis, whereas 57.15% and 56.25% which identified as chronic form for quarters and animals respectively, also result showed that 19.04% samples identified as bland teats.Gram positive bacterial isolates was (76.19%) including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hycus, Streptococcus agalactiae , Micrococcus luteus, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, whereas gram negative bacterial isolates was (23.8%) which included Mannhiemia haemolytica Salmonilla spp and, Klibcilla pneumonia. The results of study showed that varieties of ages and number of calving were not significant differences (≤ 0.01) on clinical mastitis in Iraqi she-camels.Antimicrobial drugs against bacterial isolates showed high susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, sulphthazin/Trimethiprim, Gentamicin, and Tetracycline, others antimicrobial Chloramphenicol, and Streptomycin showed moderate sensitivity, while all bacterial isolates were found resistant to Ampicillin, Erthromycine and Trimethiprime

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Stetsko, T. I. "RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CATTLE." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 189–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-1.25.

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In the article a literature review of Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) is presented. Respiratory diseases are considered to be one of the most harmful diseases of cattle, which cause great economic damage for the operators of the cattle industry. The BRD complex is a multifactorial and multi-etiological disease. The BRD complex is a multifactorial and multi-etiological disease. The main factors providing the BRD development are the management status of rearing cattle, the impact of the environment and pathogens. Without neglecting the importance of the first two factors, pathogenic microorganisms remain the major etiological factor of BRD. Respiratory tract infections in cattle are caused by viruses and bacteria, moreover the diseases often develop in an associated form. However, the bacterial factor in the etiology of respiratory diseases plays a main role. Mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 is the main pathogen of BRD, which can cause disease as a single etiologic agent and as in association with other pathogens (Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis). In most cases, fibrinous pneumonia or fatal acute pneumonia is often associated with Mannheimia haemolytica. Pasteurella multocida is considered to be a less virulent bacteria than Mannheimia haemolytica, and for a higher level of infection need to initiate the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract of animals. Pathogenic strains of Pasteurella multocida serogroup A are a significant etiologic factor of severe enzootic pneumonia in dairy calves. Respiratory diseases caused by mycoplasma remain one of the serious infectious diseases of cattle. Mycoplasma bovis is the most invasive and dangerous mycoplasma for young cattle. This type of mycoplasma is usually present in the upper respiratory tract of clinically healthy calves who are bacterial carriers. When the zootechnical conditions of brieding and feeding the calves are disturbed and for other stress factors there is an active proliferation of mycoplasmas and they successfully colonize the lower respiratory tract of the animals, causing an inflammatory process in the lungs. Other commensal bacteria of the upper respiratory tract, Histophilus somni, can cause pneumonia that usually occurs in subacute or chronic form. The pathogenic forms of this bacteria are often isolated together with Mannheimia hemolytica. Other opportunistic bacteria (Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Chlamydiales spp., Fusobacterium necrophorum, Corynebacterium bovis) may be etiological factors for the development of BRD. Depending on the etiologic agent, the clinical symptoms of calf bronchopneumonia have some specificity, herewith the degree of lung damage depends on the duration of the disease and the virulence of the pathogen.

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Câmara, Antônio Carlos Lopes, André Menezes do Vale, Jael Soares Batista, Francisco Marlon C. Feijó, and Benito Soto-Blanco. "Suppurative intracranial processes in 15 domestic ruminants." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34, no. 5 (May 2014): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2014000500006.

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In addition to listeriosis which is relatively common in ruminants, there are three other uncommon suppurative intracranial processes (SIP) identifiable in adult ungulates as brain abscess, basilar empyema and suppurative meningitis. The present paper reports the epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial, pathological and microbiological findings of 15 domestic ruminants with SIP. A total of 15 animals were selected (eight sheep, four cattle and three goats); with the definitive diagnoses of basilar empyema (n=3), brain abscess (n=1), listeriosis (n=5) and suppurative meningitis (n=6). Hematology revealed leukocytosis with inversion of the lymphocyte/ neutrophil ratio in 4 cases. In the majority of animals, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presented light yellow coloration and cloudy aspect due to neutrophilic pleocytosis (15 - 997 leukocytes/µL). Microbiological culture of CSF or central nervous system (CNS) fragments resulted on isolation of Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes,Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli and Stenotrophomonas sp. In a goat with thalamic abscess, microbiological assay was not performed, but Gram positive bacilli type bacteria were observed in histology. The diagnosis of these outbreaks was based on the association of epidemiological, clinical, pathological and bacteriological findings; reiterating that the infectious component remains an important cause of CNS disease in domestic ruminants and also shows the need for dissemination of information about the most effective preventive measures for the ranchers.

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"Isolation and Diagnosis of Pathogenic Bacteria from the Bowels of Local Chicken and Identifying Some of the Virulence Factors." Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 2 (December 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.37940/ajvs.2019.12.2.5.

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This study was conducted to the isolation and identification of bacteria from chicken intestine and livers in Mosul city. A total of 35 samples from intestine and 35 liver samples from local chicken were collected during a period from September 2018 to March 2019, the bacteria were diagnosed according to morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. The results showed (100%) positive to bacterial isolation for each samples of intestine and liver, (12) types of bacteria from (71) isolates for intestine, while (10) types from (36) isolates for liver. E. coli formed the highest percentage of intestinal isolates (28.16%), while Corynebacterium spp formed the highest percentage in liver isolates (33. 33%).The bacterial types were isolated from intestine included: E. coli (28.16%) Corynebacterium spp (25.35%), Enterococcus faecalis (15.49%), Klebsiella pneumonia (8.45%), Bacillus spp (7.04%), Proteus spp (5.63%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.22%), Lactobacillus spp (2.81%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (1.4%), Citrobacter spp (1.4%). The bacterial types were isolated from liver included: Corynebacterium spp (33.33%), E.coli ( 19.44%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.6%), Bacillus spp (11.11%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.55%), Klebsiella pneumonia (5.55%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.77%), Listeria monocytogenes (2.77%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (2.77%). The bacterial types isolated from both intestine and liver were, E.coli, Corynebacterium spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp, Enterococcus faecalis ,Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus spp and Arcanobacterium pyogenes. The virulence factors tests were used for some liver isolates which included, protease, licethinase, lipase, urease, coagulase and haemolysin.

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Borowiak, Maria, Mazen Alssahen, Abdulwahed Ahmed Hassan, Christoph Lämmler, Osama Sammra, Burkhard Malorny, Laura Uelze, et al. "Complete Genome Sequence of Arcanobacterium sp. Strain 2701, Isolated from a Harbor Seal." Microbiology Resource Announcements 9, no. 38 (September 17, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.00652-20.

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ABSTRACT Arcanobacterium spp. are Gram-positive bacteria which can be found in a wide range of hosts and can be associated with disease in humans and animals. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of Arcanobacterium sp. strain 2701, isolated from a harbor seal from the North Sea.

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Silva, Aline Aparecida da, Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos, Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, Rosa Maria Piatti, Vanessa Castro, Eliana Scarcelli Pinheiro, Aline Feola de Carvalho, and Claudia Del Fava. "Causes of equine abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in Brazil." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 87 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000092020.

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ABSTRACT Abortion and complications in reproduction are important causes of economic loss in horse breeding. Studies of its causal agents can help to identify the primary pathogens or other factors involved and define appropriate measures to reduce its occurrence. This research aimed to investigate the primary causes of equine abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in regions of Brazil. Tissue from aborted fetuses, stillbirths, neonates and foals submitted to the Biological Institute of São Paulo, Brazil, from January 2010 to July 2013 were processed for viral and bacterial isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), histology, and immunohistochemistry. Bacterial infection was the primary detected cause of abortion, found in 16 of the 53 animals submitted for bacterial analysis followed by viruses analysis in 2 of 105 animals, and noninfectious causes (neonatal isoerythrolysis) in 2 of 105 animals. Fungi were found in a single sample of 53 tested. The most frequent bacteria recovered were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, combined E. coli and Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Bacillus spp. The following agents were each observed in a single sample: Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Actinobacillus spp., and Rhodococcus equi. The predominant identification of fecal and other opportunistic bacteria as opposed to pathogens commonly associated with equine abortion, such as Leptospira spp. and equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), suggests the need of improving hygiene management of breeding mares to prevent bacterial infection that may cause fetal loss, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality.

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Mulei, C. M. "Teat lesions and their relationship to intramammary infections on small-scale dairy farms in Kiambu district in Kenya : research communication." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 70, no. 4 (July 12, 1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v70i4.786.

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Mammary gland quarters of 139 lactating dairy cows from small-scale dairy herds were examined visually and by palpation for teat lesions and by California mastitis test (CMT) and bacterial culture for subclinical mastitis. Teat lesions were observed in 97 teats. These included teat chaps (39.2 %), teat papillomas (23.7 %), teat erosions (22.7 %), teat fistulae (5.1 %), inverted teats (5.1 %) and blocked teats (4.2 %). According to the CMT, the prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 33.4 % in all the mammary gland quarters, 71.0 % in quarters with teat lesions and 24.5%in quarters without teat lesions. There was a significant (P < 0.01) association between teat lesions and the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. The mammary gland quarters with teat lesions were 7.2 times more likely to have a positive CMT (P < 0.01) and 5.6 times more likely to have bacterial organisms (P < 0.01) isolated from them than those without any teat lesions. The bacterial organisms most frequently isolated from the CMT-positive milk samples from both the mammary gland quarters with teat lesions and those without teat lesions were Staphylococcus aureus (50.0 %), Streptococcus spp. (34.8 %) and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (6.2 %).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Arcanobacterium spp'

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