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Academic literature on the topic 'Arbres à feuilles caduques – Gabon'
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Journal articles on the topic "Arbres à feuilles caduques – Gabon"
Kent, Qwahn D., Maia Edwards, Tim Wu, and André A. Dhondt. "Picky Palmchats (<em>Dulus dominicus</em>): do they really prefer to nest in royal palms?" Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 33 (December 17, 2020): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2020.33.111-115.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Arbres à feuilles caduques – Gabon"
Nkene, Mezui Estelle. "Influence du tempérament écologique sur les propriétés technologiques des bois d'essences d'origine gabonaise." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0117.
Full textTrees need light for their growth and development. However, some species have the capacity, or preference, to tolerate shade without this being detrimental to their development. This ecological preference leads to different strategies in these species, resulting in a compromise between performance and safety, in terms of mechanical support, conduction and protection against bio-aggressors. Grouping together forest species that share common growth strategies is essential if wood is to be used wisely, responsibly and profitably. The study of ecological strategies and associated functional traits provides a better understanding not only of biodiversity but also of the development of wood quality in terms of technological properties useful to man. Three ecological strategies linked to light temperament were studied. They include species that are light-demanding (pioneer), species that grow in full sun but can tolerate temporary shade (hemi-heliophilous) and species that can grow with little light (shade-tolerant). The species studied are tropical hardwoods from Gabon that have been tested in the laboratory and characterised anatomically, physically, mechanically and chemically. The methods used include academic methods and new rapid, non-destructive methods for determining wood properties. The results obtained were first compared with the results of CIRAD's physical and mechanical database in relation to the ecology of the species. Similarities and some differences were observed. Secondly, relationships were established between the anatomy, chemistry, physics and mechanics of wood. The results show that shade species have better physical and mechanical performance and therefore better mechanical support. They also have low anisotropy, which translates into good dimensional stability. This high performance is linked to their very thick walls, numerous vessels, smaller vessel diameters than hemi-heliophiles, high wood density and high levels of lignin and hemicelluloses. The high density of these species is linked to their very thick walls. These species can be used in materials engineering in heavy construction or load-bearing structures and in aesthetic design, for example. Pioneer species were found to have a significant amount of extractables compared with hemiheliophilic species, giving them good protection against bio-aggressors. They could therefore be used for outdoor constructions. However, they were more sensitive to dimensional variations due to variations in humidity. There was no significant difference between the extractives content of pioneer and shade-tolerant species. Overall, hemi-heliophilic species were not statistically different from pioneer and shade-tolerant species. No significant differences were found between the fibre lengths and cellulose content of the three temperaments. Lesser-known shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant secondary species were identified as potential substitutes for heavily exploited species in terms of the quality of their wood
Ananias, Rubén A. "Modélisation du séchage convectif basse température et optimisation du séchage du hêtre vis à vis des problèmes de discoloration." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0174_A.ANANIAS.pdf.
Full textLaghdir, Aziz. "Modélisation de la fissuration en bout de grumes liée aux contraintes de croissance : application aux eucalyptus." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20079.
Full textMoukoumi, Judicaël. "Effet des essences forestières sur la biodégradation des matières organiques : impact sur la dynamique et le cycle du carbone, de l'azote et des éléments minéraux." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10133.
Full textThe aim of this study was to determine the relevant indicators of the dynamic of organic matter (OM) and some steps of the cycle of carbon, nitrogen and mineral nutrients in relation with the nature of tree species. The experimental site of Breuil-Chenue (Morvan), which allows on similar conditions, to follow the tree species effect, was used as work support. Field and laboratory experimental approaches show that 30 years after the plantation, the expression of the native forest (a coppice with standards dominated by beech, 150 year-old) disappeared, under the effect of young tree species. Marked differences were observed in litter decomposition, carbon and nitrogen mineralization, and dynamics of major elements, even in soil aggregate fractions. Groups of tree species stands were distinguished: the first one having a good potential of decomposition, concerns Douglas fir and beech, whose OM in the A1 horizon, was not abundant but relatively recalcitrant. Nitrate production was higher and implicated on Ca, Mn and Mg mobility. The second group was characterized by a low potential of decomposition. It includes native forest, and spruce plantation whose needles richest in lignin, Fe and Al accumulate on topsoil. Soil OM from these both stands presented a weak nitrate production, but release much more soluble organic compounds with a great potential of carbon mineralization in lab. Fe and Al were more mobilized. The oak plantation, with leaf litter low in lignin and richer in Ca, Mg, Mn and K, occupied an intermediate position. Plant materials were decomposed rapidly. However, strong production of litter and its high proportion of wood result in it accumulation on topsoil
Grison-Eyharabide, Brigitte. "Fibres lignocellulosiques et résines urée-formaldéhyde : mise au point d'un substrat horticole. Approche agronomique." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT012A.
Full textGrivet, Delphine. "Phylogéographie et évolution moléculaire comparée d'arbres forestiers à l'aide des marqueurs chloroplastiques." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10002.
Full textMishra, Shree Prakash. "Blanchiment des fibres cellulosiques par l'ozone : effet sur les propriétés des fibres." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0013.
Full textThe effect of ozone on viscosity, fibre morphology, beating behaviour and strength properties of kraft pulp has always been a matter of discussion among the mill experts, ozone suppliers and research groups. The present thesis research work is aimed at further advancing and enriching the knowledge base in the area and to help proliferation of the ozone bleaching technology for a more sustainable pulp industry. It has been established that incorporating an ozone stage in an ECF bleaching sequence of eucalyptus and Pinus radiata kraft pulps is a straightforward way to reduce the chemical cost with a possibility of having higher brightness ceiling. Bleaching with ozone results in a substantial decrease of the pulp viscosity which is shown to have no consequence on the main strength properties and fibre morphology of the pulp. Other advantages of the ozone containing ECF sequence are the smaller content in residual extractives, the savings in the beating energy and the lower water retention value
El, Zein Rana. "Dynamiques saisonnières des réserves carbonées et azotées chez le chêne sessile (Quercus petraea) et le hêtre (Fagus sylvatica) adultes." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10002/document.
Full textSessile oak and beech are two deciduous temperate broadleaved species, characterized by contrasted foliar and cambial phenologies. In order to progress in our understanding of reserves management in these species, we studied the seasonal dynamics of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) reserves in adult trees in their natural environment. For this purpose, we developed a multidisciplinary approach associating ecophysiology, biochemistry and isotopy. The monthly monitoring of seasonal variation in C and N reserves in the stem sapwood showed a strong remobilization of starch from the most recent rings of oak in the spring in order to supply the necessary C for early wood growth that is concomitant to leaf expansion in this species. For beech, spring growth seemed to be less dependant on C stored within the stem sapwood. In both species, 2 polypeptides of 13 and 26 kDa accumulated with leaf senescence in the autumn and were highly abundant during the dormant period then they were remobilized with bud burst in the spring. This seasonal variation supports their role in nitrogen storage as vegetative storage proteins (VSP) and does not exclude a role in cold hardiness too. In sessile oak, the in situ 15N labeling of soil N (newly absorbed N) during the bud burst in the spring showed that N reserves accounted for 90% of total N of the new organs (leaves and twigs) at the first stages of growth. The contribution of newly assimilated N became more important when bud burst was achieved. The distribution patterns of non-structural C and N concentrations and amounts at the tree level was realized by an exhaustive sampling of trees from both species in the winter (January) and at full leaf expansion (June). This study showed i) that the distribution of concentrations among tree organs was dependant of the physiological function, wood anatomy and proximity to sink organs, ii) the importance of stem sapwood and coarse roots in reserves storage during the winter, iii) the importance of non-structural nitrogen amounts in leaves and twigs despite their low biomass, iv) higher amounts of non-structural C and N compounds in oak compared to beech, that reflects contrasted needs for spring growth and tissue maintenance during the winter dormancy
Bohnke, Isabelle. "Etude expérimentale et théorique des traitements thermiques du bois. Caractérisation physico-mécanique des bois traités." Paris, ENMP, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844044.
Full textDongmo, Keumo Jiazet Joël Hans. "Acclimatation des arbres au changement des sollicitations mécaniques induites par le vent suite à une éclaircie dans un peuplement de Hêtre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AGPT0014.
Full textWhile the tree growth potential is mainly determined by access to resources such as light or water, the distribution of produced biomass is under strong biomechanical control. The tree response to mechanical stimuli such as those induced by wind is called thigmomorphogenesis. This response has been mainly studied on very young trees under controlled condition, and only rarely in natural condition. This is the first study dealing with the tree growth in a broadleaf stand aiming to quantify the importance of thigmomorphogenetic effect as a growth factor in the silvicultural context. The experimental set-up includes forty trees divided into four groups of ten trees selected in a dense 35yrs old F. sylvatica L .stand. Each group was submitted to one of following treatments: thinning without guying, thinning with guying, guying only and controls.Considering the thigmomorphogenetic effect on the biomass allocation inside the tree, our results show that 45% of the stem volume growth and 61% of the root radial growth of thinned trees are due to wind-induced mechanical stimuli. Further, the distribution of tree ring area along the tree stem is under strong mechanosensitive control. In contrast, no effect of mechanical stimuli or thinning was observed on axial growth. Considering the explanation of the circumferential growth anisotropy, our results do not highlight a thigmomorphogenetic effect despite the identification of dominant sectors for strong winds and strains. The hypothesis put forward is that the directional variability of perceived strains is too high to induce a strongly directional growth response as it is usually the case under controlled conditions
Books on the topic "Arbres à feuilles caduques – Gabon"
Zauner, Georg. Arbres à feuilles caduques. Nathan Nature, 1994.
Find full textZauner. Arbres a feuilles caduques. Nathan, 1991.
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