Academic literature on the topic 'Arbitration and award – European Union countries'

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Journal articles on the topic "Arbitration and award – European Union countries"

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Zajc, Marko. "The Border Monster Refuses to Die." Südosteuropa 66, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2018-0007.

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Abstract The author contextualizes the Final Award issued on 29 June 2017 by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague on the Slovenian-Croatian border dispute, a dispute which began in 1991 when the two Yugoslav republics became independent states. After joining the European Union in 2004, Slovenia began to use its membership to attempt to force its neighbour to agree to its terms. In November 2009 the two countries signed an Arbitration Agreement that temporarily solved the problem. The Final Award of the Court of Arbitration in The Hague of June 2017 has not been acknowledged by Croatia, though, on the ground of an audio surveillance scandal in 2015 that involved a Slovenian arbitrator. The Slovenian side has advocated the Final Award of the Tribunal as the only legal, internationally binding, and “European” solution to the border question, while the Croatian side continues to ignore the tribunal’s disposition.
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Torp, Kristian, and Jakob B. Sørensen. "The Second Look in European Union Competition Law: A Scandinavian Perspective." Journal of International Arbitration 34, Issue 1 (February 1, 2017): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2017003.

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Under European Union (EU) law, arbitrators and national courts are obligated to apply, ex officio, EU competition law. Also according to EU law, any failure by an arbitral tribunal to apply such rules, or any erroneous interpretation or application hereof, constitute grounds for setting aside the subsequent award, if and when such measure is dictated by the Member State’s procedural rules. This article examines the relevant procedural rules in Denmark and Sweden based on two recent decisions by the national Supreme Courts. It concludes that under Scandinavian procedural law, courts will generally limit their inquiry to a superficial review of the premises of the award and will only reluctantly set aside an otherwise valid award based only on matters of merit. The main purpose of this article is to provide an up-to-date analysis of the position of the Scandinavian courts, thus helping to ‘map’ the European arbitration landscape. Even so, we have attempted to include and contribute to a few of the main discussions concerning the landscape in which the decisions were rendered in the introductory section. In the last section, we build on the reasoning of the two Supreme Courts in order to propose a framework for understanding the interplay between national and EU law, at least in the Scandinavian countries.
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López-Rodríguez, Ana Mercedes. "The Sun Behind the Clouds? Enforcement of Renewable Energy Awards in the EU." Transnational Environmental Law 8, no. 02 (June 7, 2019): 279–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s204710251900013x.

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AbstractA number of European Union (EU) countries have undertaken thorough reforms in the renewable energy sector over the past years. The regulatory changes have triggered a wave of claims from low-carbon investors asserting that the reforms have diminished or exhausted the economic viability of their investments. Unlike local investors, who typically take legal action before domestic courts, foreign investors have filed arbitration claims in accordance with the Energy Charter Treaty, notably against Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, and the Czech Republic, resulting in several awards of damages. However, recent developments in EU state aid law seem to restrict the ability of investors to obtain compensation. This article argues that such developments may undermine renewable energy policy, because arbitration enhances the regulatory stability and predictability which low-carbon investments require only if arbitral awards can be enforced effectively. The article examines the different scenarios that may arise out of the interplay between EU law and investment arbitration in the EU and concludes that the European Commission's arguable redrawing of the boundaries of state aid rules to encompass investment arbitration, combined with the EU's general quest to replace investment arbitration with alternative mechanisms of adjudication, may jeopardize climate change mitigation policies.
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Bihari, Erika. "International Investment Arbitration in the European Union." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Legal Studies 10, no. 1 (August 2021): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/ausleg.2021.10.1.02.

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The author analyses the regulation of institutional arbitration under investor–state dispute settlement mechanisms, with an emphasis on such arrangements to which the European Union is a party. The functioning of the EU’s Investment Court System is presented in detail as a major reform to the status quo, along with some questions raised when qualifying this system as a means of arbitration, especially for the purposes of recognition and enforcement of decisions rendered, both in jurisdictions party to the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between Canada and the European Union and third countries. The latter problem is identified as a significant aspect of international investment arbitration.
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Sari, Manja Indah. "LEGAL ASPECT OF ONLINE ARBITRATION IN EUROPEAN UNION AND CHINA." Law Review 19, no. 2 (November 29, 2019): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/lr.v0i2.1882.

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<p>Indonesia is highly regarded as a country with the biggest e-commerce market in South-East Asia. This creates an urgency for the Indonesian government to offer an efficient and effective dispute resolution mechanism to settle dispute arising from e-commerce transaction. Online arbitration as an arbitration conducted online through means of internet and technology may provide solution to the disputes arising from e-commerce transactions. Thus, this article sets out the legal aspect of online arbitration in European Union and China as countries with the most developed online arbitration and largest market of e-commerce. The author will use normative research through comparative, statue approach and will be based on the regulations from primary and secondary resources.</p><p> This article compares six aspects of online arbitration in European Union and China, covering the arbiter, role of government, scope, procedure, enforcement, and factors affecting enforcement. The comparison may give further recommendation on the prospective of online arbitration in Indonesia.</p>
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Nazzini, Renato. "Arbitrability of Cartel Damages Claims in the European Union." University of Queensland Law Journal 37, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.38127/uqlj.v37i1.4141.

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In this article, I decided to discuss the topical question of whether and, if so, in what circumstances, cartel damages claims can be arbitrated in the European Union. International arbitration plays a central role in resolving disputes in the international business community. It is often considered speedier and more cost-effective than litigation. It gives the parties a similarly final and enforceable award to litigation, but with considerable advantages in terms of the choice of the arbitrators, procedural flexibility and neutrality of the forum. As such, it is considered favourably by most legal systems.
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Zekos, Georgios I. "Antitrust/Competition Arbitration in EU versus U.S. Law." Journal of International Arbitration 25, Issue 1 (February 1, 2008): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2008001.

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The European Union and the United States have generally converged toward consumer welfare-based antitrustenforcement. In the United States, arbitration has been used extensively to resolve antitrust claims. In the European Union, only national courts, and not ad hoc arbitral tribunals, can refer questions to the European Court of Justice to obtain an interpretation or assessment of the validity of EU law provisions. Where national arbitration laws do not have manifest disregard of law as a reason for reviewing an award, courts cannot review the merits of awards for violation of EU competition law. The need for the recognition of an independent and alternative system to litigation, such as arbitration, is important both for the direct implementation of Article 81 of the EC Treaty in accordance with the scope of the Commission White Paper and to share the load of cases concerning competition disputes.
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Szabados, Tamás. "EU Economic Sanctions in Arbitration." Journal of International Arbitration 35, Issue 4 (August 1, 2018): 439–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2018023.

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Sometimes, the application of the economic sanctions imposed by the European Union (EU) arises in arbitration proceedings. This article examines the extent to which unilateral EU sanctions are applied uniformly in arbitration. Opting for arbitration between the parties instead of court proceedings, as well as the selection of a particular arbitration venue, may be used to avoid the application of EU sanctions. Although arbitral tribunals have considerable freedom in deciding whether to give effect to EU economic sanctions, which involves an inherent uncertainty in terms of their claim for uniform application, the fact that the parties choose arbitration does not necessarily exclude their application. EU sanctions constitute the public policy of the Member States. The potential for the annulment of the arbitral award by a competent court in an EU Member State or the denial of the recognition and enforcement of the arbitral award in the EU may therefore be an incentive for the arbitrators not to disregard these sanctions and may discourage the parties from choosing arbitration or a particular location for arbitration only to escape the application of EU sanctions.
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Smyrnova, Kseniia. "Dispute Settlement Mechanisms Provided by the Association Agreements Concluded By the European Union with Third Countries." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 27, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.27(3).2020.63-79.

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International dispute settlement and international relations both have a long history. All EU association agreements have appropriate dispute settlement mechanisms, which differ to some extent. The main task of this study is to determine the international legal mechanisms for resolving disputes included in the Association Agreement between the EU and Ukraine. Furthermore, the purpose of the study becomes especially relevant in the context of the process of resolving the Ukraine-EU trade dispute on national restrictions on timber exports, which is the first dispute in Ukrainian practice. A comparison of the various treaty principles of EU cooperation with third countries suggests that the highest level of protection of individuals through the functioning of the dispute settlement mechanism is described by association agreements, and some of them even resemble an "arbitration clause". It was found that the criteria of comparative analysis were the types of dispute resolution mechanisms, consultation procedures and arbitration procedure, mediation procedure and rules of procedure. According to these criteria, it was found that the association agreements contain almost identical provisions on consultation procedures and arbitration, with the exception of some agreements where arbitration is presented on a narrower scale. The provisions on mediation procedures in the submitted agreements are almost identical to the Code of Conduct for Arbitrators and the Rules of Procedure, which serve as template documents duplicated in the various agreements. The association agreements between the EU and Ukraine, Georgia, and Moldova are analysed in detail, and common and distinctive features are described. Differences in the details of dispute settlement mechanisms may indicate that the parties have concerns about the likelihood and intensity of disputes. The Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU for the settlement of disputes makes provision for the use of various methods: consultations, arbitration, the establishment of an arbitration panel. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the first case of a trade dispute, which is resolved with the use of the arbitration procedure under the Association Agreement with Ukraine on the export of raw wood
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Bizeau, Marie-Laure. "Sofregaz v. NGSC (CA Paris)." International Legal Materials 60, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 319–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2020.68.

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On June 3, 2020, the International Commercial Chamber of the Paris Court of Appeal (the Court or the Court of Appeal) dismissed the annulment application brought by the Société Française d'Etudes et de Réalisation d'Equipements Gaziers (Sofregaz, now called TCM FR) of an arbitral award rendered in Paris on December 27, 2018, in favor of the Iranian Natural Gas Storage Company (NGSC), pursuant to the Rules of Arbitration of the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC Rules). The Court ruled in particular that U.S. sanctions against Iran do not form part of French international public order but that European Union (EU) and United Nations (UN) sanctions do. This ruling provides useful guidance on the interaction between international sanctions and international arbitration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Arbitration and award – European Union countries"

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Kerdreux, Anne Louise. "L'outre-mer au regard du droit européen et du droit international : evolutions statutaires influencées par le droit européen et le droit international." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0812.

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L’outre-mer comprend des régions, des pays et des territoires aux statuts divers et au passé hérité en grande partie des grandes puissances européennes, ce qui les a placés dans une communauté d’intérêts avec les Etats auxquels ils sont rattachés mais aussi avec l’Union européenne (UE).Néanmoins, ces régions, pays et territoires n’ont eu cesse de reconstruire entre eux des liens historiques et culturels et de tisser des relations avec l’ensemble de l’outre-mer afin de présenter une cohérence d’ensemble dans leur négociation avec l’Union européenne.Les régions ultrapériphériques appliquent le droit communautaire tandis que les pays et territoires d’outre-mer, situés en dehors du territoire communautaire, connaissent un régime d’association avec l’Union européenne.Le Danemark, l’Espagne, la France, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal et le Royaume-Uni ont procédé aux réformes constitutionnelles autorisant de multiples évolutions statutaires dans le respect du droit à l’autodétermination des populations.Forts d’une évolution statutaire et d’un développement économique et social continu, les régions, pays et territoires d’outre-mer souhaitent maintenant faire valoir leurs droits et défendre leurs intérêts au niveau européen et sur la scène internationale.La globalisation des politiques les incite à se regrouper au sein d’institutions internationales. Le rattachement de ces territoires à des Etats de droit leur a ouvert la voie à des systèmes juridiques bien structurés mais aussi aux valeurs européennes. Leur ultrapériphérité les a placés dans une situation géopolitique qui les a fait accéder aux relations internationales.L’objet de cette thèse est de démontrer l’interdépendance entre ces différents ordres juridiques et l’influence du droit européen et du droit international sur l’évolution statutaire de l’outre-mer vers davantage d’autonomie, mais aussi de responsabilisation et de prise en charge de son développement au moyen d’une implication dans son environnement régional, d’une coopération inter-régionale ou transnationale et d’une participation aux travaux des organisations internationales
The Overseas regions, countries and territories present various statuses inherited mainly from the major European Powers which placed them in a relationship of a common interest not only with their mother countries but also with the European Union (EU).However, these territories have continuously re-built between them historical and cultural links, and weaved relationship within the entire Overseas to appear as a constituted whole while negotiating with the EU.The outermost regions (OR) apply Community Law while the Overseas Countries and territories (OCT) situated outside the territory of the Community, have Association Arrangements with the EU.Denmark, France, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom have proceeded to necessary constitutional reforms to allow numerous articles amendments in respect of right to self-determination of peoples.At the light of statutory amendments and of a continuous economic and social development, the Outermost regions (OR) and the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCT), now wish to assert their rights and to defend their interests at European and International level.Globalisation of policies encourages OR and OCT to gather within International bodies. The rule of law of the related countries opens them to well-structured legal systems and to European values. The outermost geopolitical localisation makes them to have access to international relations.The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the interdependence between these different legal systems and the impact of European and International Law on the statutory amendments of the Overseas towards more autonomy, but also liabilities and involvement on their own development by using their regional environment, inter-regional and transnational cooperation and taking part at the works of international organisations
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NOVÝ, Zdenek. "The new model of a business-to-consumer arbitration for the European Union." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/32136.

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Award date: 27 June 2013
Supervisor: Professor Hans Wolfgang Micklitz (European University Institute)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
The suitability of arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism for B2C disputes has aroused much interest in the recent academic literature. The relationship between arbitration and consumer protection is a complex one. On the one hand, arbitration has proved to be an effective alternative to court proceedings in business disputes. On the other hand, it has been acknowledged that arbitration might not be a viable option for the disputes involving weaker parties hence consumers. The aim of this thesis to examine what should the role of arbitration be for B2C disputes within the EU. It seeks to demonstrate that arbitration should be an ADR mechanism for B2C disputes provided that it meets certain requirements. Thus, the institutional design as well as the essential principles for the new model of B2C arbitration will be proposed.
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O'CONNOR, Bernard. "European Community law and modern trends in the law of arbitration." Doctoral thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5662.

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Gregor, Lucie. "Znalec v mezinárodním rozhodčím řízení a investičních sporech." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326739.

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This Dissertation is focused on issues concerning the position of an expert in international arbitration proceedings and in international investment disputes. Unlike proceedings conducted before general courts of law, arbitration proceedings have a number of advantages, and therefore they are used very often to resolve disputes in this area, and arbitration proceedings are used almost exclusively with regard to resolution of disputes relating to international investments. The aim of the Dissertation was an analysis of dispute resolution in arbitration proceedings from the expert's point of view and the expert's position in this procedure. It is without any doubt that experts can help arbitrators to reach a qualified resolution of disputes in a significant way. At first, the Dissertation deals with general and historical issues, such as comparison of methods of dispute solution where an international element appears, in both arbitration and judicial proceedings, and it lists the advantages of arbitration proceedings as well. After specification of the term "expert", the Dissertation provides a view into the expert's profession history in the territory of our country and into its legal regulation. With regard to our membership in the European Union it is, of course, necessary for the Dissertation to...
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Melamu, Seapei Diana. "The role of express submission to jurisdiction under the Brussels I Regulation, Brussels I (Recast) and the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14009.

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LL.M. (International Commercial Law)
This essay seeks to look at the role of express submission to jurisdictjon under the Brussels I Regulation,lthe Brussels I (recast) Regulation2 and the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements.3 The express submission to jurisdiction under the three instruments mentioned in the previous sentence refers to the situation in which parties to an international commercial contract include in their contract a court of their choice to govern any disputes that may arise between them. This designated court may or may not be situated in a country that is a member of the three instruments mentioned above. The purpose of this thesis is to determine what will occur when the court chosen is from a country that is not a member of either of the three instruments mentioned. We will first look at express submission and the role it plays in determining which court has jurisdiction. This section on express submission will provide the definition of express submission in the context of a contract which incorporates a choice-of-forum agreement between the parties who are engaged in an international commercial transaction. The thesis will view the role of submission in a common-law and civil-law country in light of express submission by contract. Finally, a distinction will be made between an exclusive and non-exclusive jurisdiction clause. A brief discussion ofthe Brussels Convention4 (The Convention) will be provided in order to present the fact that the Convention only applies when a choice-of-forum agreement in a contract has assoned thejurisdiction to a court of a country which is a member of the Convention. The Convention would not apply when a choice-of-forum agreement in a contract has assigned jurisdiction to the court of a country which is not a member to the Convention. ln order to determine whether the position has changed since the enactment of the Brussels I Regulation (Regulation) with regard to choice-of-forum agreements that designate jurisdiction to the court of a country in a nonmember state of the Regulation, provisions relating to express submission clauses will be discussed. A further discussion will be provided to ascertain whether the enactment of the Council Regulation (EC) No 4412001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement ofjudgments in civil and commercial matters.
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Olík, Miloš. "Ochrana investic v Evropské unii." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368717.

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1 Abstract This dissertation deals with investment protection in the European Union from several points of view. The first part deals with the history of investment protection and its main basis and grounds for current legislation and proposals for future regulation, particularly within the EU. In subsequent parts, current legislation and intra-European Union investment protection is analysed in detail, including the question of validity and applicability of Intra-EU BITs, i.e. bilateral treaties concluded between two EU Member States. The analysis is made from the perspective of EU law, as well as from the point of view of public international law. The dissertation further deals with their relationship and demonstrates contradictions between them in two crucial cases, Eureko/Achmea and Micula. Additional themes of this dissertation are the powers of the European Union regarding investment protection and the conclusion of international treaties such as CETA and TTIP. This dissertation further deals with the status, jurisdiction and functioning of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), demonstrating the relatively smooth and widely accepted investment dispute settlement mechanism. In this regard, the proposed EU Multilateral Investment Court project in analysed, including a...
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Kerdreux-Fulrad, Anne Louise. "L'outre-mer au regard du droit européen et du droit international : evolutions statutaires influencées par le droit européen et le droit international." Thesis, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0812.

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L’outre-mer comprend des régions, des pays et des territoires aux statuts divers et au passé hérité en grande partie des grandes puissances européennes, ce qui les a placés dans une communauté d’intérêts avec les Etats auxquels ils sont rattachés mais aussi avec l’Union européenne (UE).Néanmoins, ces régions, pays et territoires n’ont eu cesse de reconstruire entre eux des liens historiques et culturels et de tisser des relations avec l’ensemble de l’outre-mer afin de présenter une cohérence d’ensemble dans leur négociation avec l’Union européenne.Les régions ultrapériphériques appliquent le droit communautaire tandis que les pays et territoires d’outre-mer, situés en dehors du territoire communautaire, connaissent un régime d’association avec l’Union européenne.Le Danemark, l’Espagne, la France, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal et le Royaume-Uni ont procédé aux réformes constitutionnelles autorisant de multiples évolutions statutaires dans le respect du droit à l’autodétermination des populations.Forts d’une évolution statutaire et d’un développement économique et social continu, les régions, pays et territoires d’outre-mer souhaitent maintenant faire valoir leurs droits et défendre leurs intérêts au niveau européen et sur la scène internationale.La globalisation des politiques les incite à se regrouper au sein d’institutions internationales. Le rattachement de ces territoires à des Etats de droit leur a ouvert la voie à des systèmes juridiques bien structurés mais aussi aux valeurs européennes. Leur ultrapériphérité les a placés dans une situation géopolitique qui les a fait accéder aux relations internationales.L’objet de cette thèse est de démontrer l’interdépendance entre ces différents ordres juridiques et l’influence du droit européen et du droit international sur l’évolution statutaire de l’outre-mer vers davantage d’autonomie, mais aussi de responsabilisation et de prise en charge de son développement au moyen d’une implication dans son environnement régional, d’une coopération inter-régionale ou transnationale et d’une participation aux travaux des organisations internationales
The Overseas regions, countries and territories present various statuses inherited mainly from the major European Powers which placed them in a relationship of a common interest not only with their mother countries but also with the European Union (EU).However, these territories have continuously re-built between them historical and cultural links, and weaved relationship within the entire Overseas to appear as a constituted whole while negotiating with the EU.The outermost regions (OR) apply Community Law while the Overseas Countries and territories (OCT) situated outside the territory of the Community, have Association Arrangements with the EU.Denmark, France, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom have proceeded to necessary constitutional reforms to allow numerous articles amendments in respect of right to self-determination of peoples.At the light of statutory amendments and of a continuous economic and social development, the Outermost regions (OR) and the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCT), now wish to assert their rights and to defend their interests at European and International level.Globalisation of policies encourages OR and OCT to gather within International bodies. The rule of law of the related countries opens them to well-structured legal systems and to European values. The outermost geopolitical localisation makes them to have access to international relations.The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the interdependence between these different legal systems and the impact of European and International Law on the statutory amendments of the Overseas towards more autonomy, but also liabilities and involvement on their own development by using their regional environment, inter-regional and transnational cooperation and taking part at the works of international organisations
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Books on the topic "Arbitration and award – European Union countries"

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Billiet, Philippe. Class arbitration in the European Union. Edited by Association for International Arbitration. Antwerpen: Maklu, 2013.

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The application of EC law in arbitration proceedings. Groningen: Europa Law Pub., 2003.

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Online dispute resolution for consumers in the European Union. New York: Routledge, 2010.

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American Society of International Law. and Nederlandse Vereniging voor Internationaal Recht., eds. Contemporary international law issues: Opportunities at a time of momentous change : proceedings of the second joint conference held in The Hague, The Netherlands, July 22-24, 1993. Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1994.

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Engammare, Valérie. Les investissements directs européens vers l'ASEAN: Étude de cadre juridique multilatéral et bilatéral. Zürich: Schulthess, 2005.

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Cortés, Pablo. Online Dispute Resolution for Consumers in the European Union. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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Cortés, Pablo. Online Dispute Resolution for Consumers in the European Union. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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Cortés, Pablo. Online Dispute Resolution for Consumers in the European Union. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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Cortés, Pablo. Online Dispute Resolution for Consumers in the European Union. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.

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International Commercial Litigation: Text, Cases and Materials on Private International Law. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Arbitration and award – European Union countries"

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Keane, Benoît. "CAS 2016/A/4787, Jersey Football Association (JFA) v. Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), Award of 28 September 2017." In Yearbook of International Sports Arbitration, 117–30. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/15757_2019_26.

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Jacobs, Howard L. "CAS 2016/A/4439, Thomasz Hamerlak v. International Paralympic Committee, Award of 4 July 2016, CAS 2016/A/4676, Arijan Ademi v. Union of European Football Associations, Award of 24 March 2017 and CAS 2016/A/4534, Mauricio Fiol Villanueva v. Fédération Internationale de Natation, Award of 16 March 2017." In Yearbook of International Sports Arbitration 2016, 285–97. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/15757_2017_12.

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Rakovský, Peter. "The Arbitration Convention as One of the Measures to Eliminate Double Taxation... in the European Union and in Slovak Republic." In Cofola International 2021, 440–55. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8639-2021-17.

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In the world of taxes, double taxation or double non-taxation represents one of the main problems within international taxation. Fair taxation, which manifests itself as a taxation of incomes in countries where the value is created in the light of legal tax optimization, is an important issue for a lot of international organisations and a relevant topic of innumerable initiatives and statements. In that regard, tax disputes between two or more states arise whose subject is the profit allocation. Such dis-putes are the main object of the so-called Arbitration Convention, which stipulates international chall-enge of the present and future of the profit allocation. Secondary subject of this article is to point out other relevant international and national arbitration measures within the European Union and Slovak Republic.
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"Legal Maxims: Summaries and Extracts from Selected Decisions." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2018, edited by Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo, 921–54. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190072506.003.0038.

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WNC Factoring Ltd v. The Czech Republic, PCA Case No. 2014-34, Award, 22 February 2017 Arbitration between the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia, PCA Case No. 2012-04, Final Award, 29 June 2017 Content ** I. COMMENCEMENT OF ARBITRATION II. JURISDICTION—EUROPEAN UNION LAW...
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