Journal articles on the topic 'Araliaceae, Apiales'

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1

Erbar, C., P. Leins, B. E. van Wyk, and P. M. Tilney. "Sympetaly in Apiales (Apiaceae, Araliaceae, Pittosporaceae)." South African Journal of Botany 70, no. 3 (August 2004): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30230-1.

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2

PLUNKETT, G. M. "RELATIONSHIP OF THE ORDER APIALES TO SUBCLASS ASTERIDAE: A RE-EVALUATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS BASED ON INSIGHTS FROM MOLECULAR DATA." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 58, no. 2 (June 2001): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428601000567.

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Phylogenetic relationships involving the angiosperm order Apiales (Apiaceae and Araliaceae) are troublesome at nearly every taxonomic level and have eluded several generations of botanists. Because of difficulties in interpreting and polarizing morphological character states at deeper phylogenetic levels, most studies in Apiales have focused on relationships between the two families and among/within the apialean genera. In the present study, however, recent contributions from molecular analyses are reviewed and combined using a ‘supertree’ approach to test traditional hypotheses of relationships involving Apiales, and to re-evaluate assumptions of character-state evolution in the order. Results from this study confirm that Apiales form a monophyletic group with Pittosporaceae (along with Griselinia G. Forst., Melanophylla Baker, Torricellia DC. and Aralidium Miq.), and should be transferred out of subclass Rosidae (away from both Cornales and Sapindales) to the Asteridae (in a position close to Asterales and Dipsacales). These findings are also supported by several lines of morphological, anatomical, and phytochemical evidence, and provide a more satisfactory framework for interpreting relationships and character-state evolution within the major clades of Apiales.
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3

Leins, P., C. Erbar, B. E. van Wyk, and P. M. Tilney. "Floral organ sequences in Apiales (Apiaceae, Araliaceae, Pittosporaceae)." South African Journal of Botany 70, no. 3 (August 2004): 468–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30231-3.

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4

Ge, Long, Liqun Shen, Qinyi Chen, Ximin Li, and Lin Zhang. "The complete chloroplast genome sequence ofHydrocotyle sibthorpioides(Apiales: araliaceae)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2, no. 1 (January 2017): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2016.1241676.

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5

Kim, Chang-Kug, and Yong-Kab Kim. "The complete chloroplast genome of Aralia cordata (Apiales: Araliaceae)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2018.1546140.

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6

OSKOLSKI, A. A. "PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN APIALES: EVIDENCE FROM WOOD ANATOMY." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 58, no. 2 (June 2001): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428601000579.

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Wood anatomical data confirm the close relationships of most Araliaceae to Apiaceae, but do not indicate any intermediate groups between the two families. Heteromorpha Cham. & Schltdl., Bupleurum L. and Melanoselinum Hoffm. form a well-delimited group distinguished from other woody Apiaceae by helical thickenings on their vessel walls, septate fibres, and mostly homogeneous rays. The woodiness in Nirarathamnos Balf.f. and Myrrhidendron J. M. Coult. & Rose is likely to be of secondary origin.
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7

WATSON, M. F., G. M. PLUNKETT, S. R. DOWNIE, and P. P. LOWRY II. "INTRODUCTION. EVOLUTION, BIOGEOGRAPHY AND SYSTEMATICS OF THE APIALES (ARALIACEAE AND APIACEAE)." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 58, no. 2 (June 2001): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428601000555.

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The family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) can be credited with two major landmarks in botanical history: the first systematic monographic treatment of any plant group (Morison, 1672), and the first international symposium dedicated to systematic research on a plant family (Heywood, 1971). The 1970 symposium on the Biology and Chemistry of the Umbelliferae held at the University of Reading, UK, resulted from the large body of research interest in the family around the world at that time, and helped to stimulate further work on the Apiaceae. It also provided a model for similar symposia on major plant groups in the years to follow, including Asteraceae (Heywood et al., 1977), Brassicaceae (Vaughan et al., 1976), Lamiaceae (Harley & Reynolds, 1992), Solanaceae (Hawkes et al., 1979), and Fabaceae (Summerfield & Bunting, 1980; Polhill & Raven, 1981). Growing interest in umbellifers soon resulted in a second international symposium on the family held at the Centre Universitaire de Perpignan, France, in 1977 (Cauwet-Marc & Carbonnier, 1982). Although a large role of this second symposium was to review progress on a major co-operative research programme focused mainly on the tribe Caucalideae, participants with other interests were also involved, and wider developments in the systematics of the family were discussed.
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8

Jang, Woojong, Hyun Oh Lee, Jung-Woo Lee, Nayeong Kwon, Dong-Hwi Kim, Kyong-Hwan Bang, and Ick-Hyun Jo. "The complete mitochondrial genome of Panax ginseng (Apiales, Araliaceae): an important medicinal plant." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 6, no. 10 (September 27, 2021): 3080–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2021.1981167.

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9

Chen, Qinyi, Xiao Feng, Mengzhu Li, Bingxian Yang, Cuixia Gao, Lin Zhang, and Jingkui Tian. "The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Fatsia japonica (Apiales: Araliaceae) and the phylogenetic analysis." Mitochondrial DNA Part A 27, no. 4 (July 8, 2015): 3050–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1063129.

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10

Nuraliev, Maxim S., Dmitry D. Sokoloff, and Alexei A. Oskolski. "Floral Anatomy of Asian Schefflera (Araliaceae, Apiales): Comparing Variation of Flower Groundplan and Vascular Patterns." International Journal of Plant Sciences 172, no. 6 (July 2011): 735–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/660189.

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11

Nuraliev, Maxim S., Galina V. Degtjareva, Dmitry D. Sokoloff, Alexei A. Oskolski, Tahir H. Samigullin, and Carmen M. Valiejo-Roman. "Flower morphology and relationships ofSchefflera subintegra(Araliaceae, Apiales): an evolutionary step towards extreme floral polymery." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 175, no. 4 (July 15, 2014): 553–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12188.

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12

Plunkett, Gregory M., Douglas E. Soltis, and Pamela S. Soltis. "Higher level relationships of Apiales (Apiaceae and Araliaceae) based on phylogenetic analysis of rbc L sequences." American Journal of Botany 83, no. 4 (April 1996): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1996.tb12731.x.

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13

Karpunina, Polina V., Alexei A. Oskolski, Maxim S. Nuraliev, Porter P. Lowry, Galina V. Degtjareva, Tahir H. Samigullin, Carmen M. Valiejo-Roman, and Dmitry D. Sokoloff. "Gradual vs. abrupt reduction of carpels in syncarpous gynoecia: A case study from Polyscias subg. Arthrophyllum (Araliaceae: Apiales)." American Journal of Botany 103, no. 12 (December 2016): 2028–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600269.

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14

SUDARMONO, SUDARMONO. "Short Communication: Pollen diversity in the Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 4 (March 6, 2019): 931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200401.

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Abstract. Sudarmono. 2018. Short Communication: Pollen diversity in the Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 931-936. Pollen morphology influenced the process of plants evolution. Bogor Botanic Gardens has many living collections in terms of pollen diversity. The purpose of this study was observed at the diversity of pollen morphology at the Bogor Botanic Gardens and its implications for the pollen conservation of plants in the collection. The method used is cleaning the pollen using Glacial Acetic Acid (AAG), then examined using a light microscope in the tissue culture laboratory of Bogor Botanic Gardens. There were 35 specimens that were analyzed and the results were randomly shaped pollen from radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry to its combination with monocolpate, tricolpate, pericolpate and stephanocolpate. While aperture types were the monoporate type with 5 specimens, monocolpate 10 specimens, tricolpate 11 specimens, stephanocolpate 4 specimens, periporate 4 specimens, and syncolpate 1 specimen. Three specimens families Caesalpiniaceae (order Fabales) has the shape of pollen vary, i.e radial symmetry monocolpate and radial symmetry tricolpate. Similarly, two specimens of the family Araliaceae (Apiales) different shapes, namely radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry tricolpate. In Asteraceae and Asclepiadaceae has the same shape, the radial symmetry tricolpate. Overall of 35 specimens then there are 22 specimens of radial symmetry and 13 specimens of bilateral symmetry. For the same family have the same ornamentation, for example in the Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, and Rutaceae. But the uniqueness occurs in the family of Arecaceae or palm family that show the diversity in the shape and size of pollen in each genus. Pollen morphology analysis through a combination of morphological data, palynology, and molecular samples more would be better. Pollen bank as pollen in the living collections of Bogor Botanic Gardens is needed to germplasm conservation of endangered plants in Indonesia.
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15

Avin, Farhat A., Prabha Liyanapathiranage, Nina Shishkoff, Ethan Swiggart, Ying Gao, and Fulya Baysal-Gurel. "First Report of Powdery Mildew of American Ginseng Caused by Erysiphe heraclei in Tennessee and the United States." Plant Disease, November 13, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-22-2310-pdn.

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American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.), native to the forested regions of northeast U.S is a perennial herb valued as traditional Chinese medicine. It has been cultivated in North America for several decades due to high global demand. Powdery mildew symptoms were observed on 8-year-old cultivated American ginseng leaves (Fig. 1a, b) on a residential property in Rutherford Co., TN in May 2022. Disease severity was 40 to 60% of leaf area and incidence was 33% out of 30 plants. Affected plants exhibited white fungal colonies on the leaves. Under severe infection, the leaves were chlorotic and senescing. Microscopic observation revealed masses of conidia and mycelia on symptomatic tissue. Conidiophores were cylindrical and unbranched (2- or, rarely, 3-septate), measuring 66.7 ± 12.5 μm (n=78) with a range of 24.3 to 90.7 μm. Conidia produced singly or in pseudo-chains (Fig. 1c). Conidiophore foot cells measured 23.2 ± 4.3 μm long (n=54) and the width at the foot cell septum was 5.1 ± 0.6 μm (n=54). Hyphal width was 3.3 ± 0.6 um (n=59). Fresh vacuolated spores were oblong-elliptical to oblong (Fig. 1d) and measured 31.5 × 11.9 μm (n=55), lacked fibrosin bodies. The length-to-width ratio of conidia was 1.9 to 4.4 (avg. 2.7). Superficial mycelia and germinating spores displayed lobed appressorium (Fig. 1e). Detached spore surfaces were wrinkled (Fig. 1f). Morphological characteristics of the fungus matched the description of Erysiphe heraclei (Braun and Cook, 2012) and Erysiphe sp. (Cho et al. 2016) except for conidiophore length, which was shorter in our sample. To confirm pathogen identity, total DNA was extracted directly from single spore cultures (isolates FBG1668 and FBG1728). The ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified using ITS4 and ITS5 primers (White et al. 1990). The sequences (GenBank accession nos. OP458196 and OP469994) showed 100% identity and 100% query coverage to E. heraclei (KY073878 and LC270862). The sequences were also 100% identical to the ITS sequences of E. betae and E. malvae. Solano-Báez et al. (2022) noted that the species in the E. malvae/E. heraclei/E. betae species complex are phylogenetically undistinguishable. E. betae and E. malvae infect plants in Chenopodiaceae and Malvaceae, respectively (Braun and Cook, 2012). However, E. heraclei has been reported to infect plants in Apiaceae. American ginseng belongs to Araliaceae which is a close family to Apiaceae and both belong to Apiales. Based on morphological and molecular identification, both isolates were identified as E. heraclei. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating the adaxial leaf surface of six 2-year-old American ginseng plants. Spores from detached symptomatic leaves were tapped onto the adaxial surface of healthy leaves. Six non-inoculated and inoculated plants were maintained in a greenhouse at 21 to 23°C, 70%RH, with 16-h photoperiod. After 2 weeks, powdery mildew symptoms developed on the inoculated plants. The microscopy and molecular analysis confirmed infection and all control plants remained asymptomatic. Cho et al. (2016) reported powdery mildew on Korean ginseng (P. ginseng C.A. Mey) caused by Erysiphe sp., and Sholberg et al. (1996) reported Erysiphe sp. on P. quinquefolius in Canada, but to our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew caused by E. heraclei on American ginseng in Tennessee and the U.S. Identification and timely management of powdery mildew on American ginseng will be necessary to control this disease in affected growing sites.
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