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Yimprasert, Suthachai. "The Portuguese in Arakan in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries." MANUSYA 7, no. 2 (2004): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00702005.
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In the kingdom of Arakan, there were thousands of pure and mixed-blood Portuguese staying as freebooters, mercenaries, and merchants. They became mercenaries for the king of Arakan. Some of them rose to obtain important status. The main example was Filipe de Brito who became lord of Syriam from 1602 to 1613. The other one was Sebastião Gonçalves Tibau who became the pirate king of Sandwip from 1609. Although the king of Arakan defeated him in 1617, piracy did not cease until they were suppressed in 1666 because the king of Arakan himself supported the Portuguese pirates and employed them to make trouble for the Moghuls in Bengal.
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Tanauma, Adey, and Ferdy Ferdy. "POTENSI SUMBERDAYA ALAM PASIR BESIPANTAI ARAKAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 15, no. 1 (October 31, 2011): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.11.2.2011.211.
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POTENSI SUMBERDAYA ALAM PASIR BESIPANTAI ARAKAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN Adey Tanauma1) dan Ferdy1) 1)Program Studi Fisika FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115 ABSTRAK Pasir besi merupakan salah satu sumberdaya alam di Sulawesi Utara yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Salah satu lokasi yang cukup potensial untuk mendapatkan endapan pasir besi ini adalah pesisir pantai Arakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat-sifat magnetik endapan pasir besi yang terdapat di pesisir Pantai Arakan kabupaten Minahasa Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Suseptibilitas magnetik dan magnetisasi saturasi sampel pasir besi Arakan mengindikasikan bahwa kandungan mineral magnetik yang dominan adalah magnetite. Ukuran bulir dari mineral magnetik terutama magnetite didominasi oleh bulir-bulir magnetik berukuran besar atau bulir magnetik dengan domain magnetik antara pseudosingle domain dan multi domain. Tingginya kandungan mineral magnetik berdasarkan nilai karakterisasinya, terutama nilai suseptibilitas magnetik memberikan peluang untuk pemanfaatan lebih lanjut dari sumberdaya alam ini. Kata kunci: histeresis magnetik, pasir besi, suseptibilitas THE POTENTIAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF IRON SAND IN ARAKAN COASTAL SUBPROVINCE OF SOUTH MINAHASA ABSTRACT Iron sand represent one of the natural resources in North Sulawesi which not yet been exploited in optimally. One of the location which quite potential to get this iron sand sediment is coastal area of Arakan. This research aim to determine the nature of magnetic of iron sand sediment which there are in coastal area of Arakan, Sub-province of South Minahasa, Province of North Sulawesi. Magnetic suseptibility and saturation magnetization of iron sand sampel of Arakan indicated that dominant magnetic mineral is magnetite. Seed size measure of magnetic mineral especially magnetite predominated by big sized magnetic seeds or magnetic seed with magnetic domain between domain pseudosingle and multi domain. The height content of magnetic mineral based on characteristic value, especially magnetic suseptibility give the opportunity for furthermore exploiting of this natural resources. Keywords : magnetic hysteresis, iron sand, suseptibility
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Silalahi, Torang J. P., Ockstan J. Kalesaran, Cyska Lumenta, Winda M. Mingkid, and Edwin L. A. Ngangi. "Karakteristik morfometrik kerang mutiara Pinctada margaritifera di Perairan Arakan, Mantehage Bango dan Talengen Provinsi Sulawesi Utara untuk kelayakan budidaya." e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN 10, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/bdp.10.1.2022.35255.
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The purpose of this study were (1) to determine the morphometric characteristic of pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera in Arakan, Mantehage Bango, and Talengen waters of North Sulawesi Province, (2) to determine the ideal location for the feasibility of pearl oyster culture. Determination of the sampling location is done by purposive sampling. The shell morphometric dimensions measured were shell length, shell height, hinge length, shell thickness and shell weight. The measured water quality were temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and depth. The morphometric characteristic of P. margaritifera oyster in Arakan waters have shell length (PC) ranging from 44,25 – 169,77 mm with an average of 86,50 mm, Mantehage Bango waters have PC ranged from 38,73 – 106,09 mm with an average of 80,31 mm, and Talengen waters have PC ranged from 25,89 mm to 105,34 mm with an average of 68,97 mm. Arakan waters are dominated by medium size P. margaritifera (53,78%), it is suspected that Arakan waters have pearl oyster stocks in nature for aquaculture activities. Evaluation of the suitability of waters for pearl oyster culture P. margaritifera in Arakan waters scored 77,7% categorized as suitable (S2), the location of Mantehage Bango waters scored 80% categorized as suitable (S2) and the location of Talengen waters 68,8% categorized as conditional (S3).
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Tuegeh, Suleiman, Ferdinand Frans Tilaar, and Gaspar Dauhar Manu. "Beberapa Aspek Biologi Ikan Beronang (Siganus vermiculatus) di Perairan Arakan Kecamatan Tatapaan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 1, no. 1 (October 25, 2012): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.1.1.2012.493.
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BEBERAPA ASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN BERONANG (Siganus vermiculatus) DI PERAIRAN ARAKAN KECAMATAN TATAPAAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN1 Suleiman Tuegeh2, Ferdinand F Tilaar3, Gaspar D Manu3 ABSTRACT One of the goals in the development of fisheries and marine biological resources is the formation of water conservation. Marine biological resources are considered to have significant economic value is rabbitfish. Availability of rabbitfish throughout Indonesia is still relatively large, this is possible because the Rabbitfish is a part of the coral reef ecosystem. The existence of rabbitfish (Siganus vermiculatus) in the waters of Arakan is a source of considerable revenue to help the fishermen in the village of Arakan. Market demand for these fish make the fishermen increasing the catch of rabbitfish in the waters of Arakan. As an initial action on the prevention of exploitation of this resource, one of the main things is the availability of biological information. This study is implemented with the aim to find out some biological aspects of Rabbitfish (Siganus vermiculatus), the L-W relationship, the pattern of growth, condition factor, gonad maturity index, gonado index and the sex ratio. Keywords: Biological aspect, rabbitfish ABSTRAK Salah satu tujuan dalam pembangunan perikanan dan kelautan adalah pembinaan kelestarian sumberdaya hayati perairan. Sumberdaya hayati laut yang tergolong mempunyai nilai ekonomis penting adalah ikan beronang. Ketersediaan dari ikan ini di seluruh Indonesia masih relatif besar, hal ini dimungkinkan karena ikan beronang merupakan bagian dari ekosistem terumbu karang. Keberadaan ikan beronang (Siganus vermiculatus) di perairan Arakan merupakan sumber pendapatan yang cukup membantu para nelayan di Desa Arakan. Permintaan pasar akan ikan beronang ini membuat para nelayan semakin giat dalam menangkap ikan beronang yang ada di perairan Arakan. Sebagai tindakan awal pencegahan eksploitasi pada sumberdaya ini salah satu hal utama ialah tersedianya informasi aspek biologi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek biologi ikan beronang (Siganus vermiculatus) yaitu hubungan panjang berat, pola pertumbuhan, faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), indeks gonad (IG) dan perbandingan jenis kelamin. Kata Kunci : Aspek biologi, Ikan beronang
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Sakey, Weby F., Billy T. Wagey, and Grevo S. Gerung. "Variasi Morfometrik Pada Beberapa Lamun Di Perairan Semenanjung Minahasa." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.3.1.2015.7724.
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Lamun (seagrass) atau disebut juga ilalang laut. Istilah lamun untuk seagrass, pertama-tama diperkenalkan oleh Hutomo dimana merupakan satu-satunya kelompok tumbuhan hidup di perairan laut dangkal. Lamun tumbuh padat membentuk padang, sehingga dikenal sebagai padang lamun (seagrass beds). Penelitian pada ekosistem padang lamun dimana banyak terjadi kegiatan atau aktivitas pemanfaatan oleh manusia sangatlah terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini perlu diadakan sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai informasi awal bagi peneliti di perairan semenanjung Minahasa. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan di Perairan Semenanjung Minahasa Sulawesi Utara, khususnya di desa Arakan dan desa Tongkeina. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode jelajah. Sampel yang telah diperoleh (30 individu per species), diidentifikasi, diukur dengan aplikasi image-J gambar dan diolah menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 20.Rata-rata ukuran empat spesies yang diidentifikasi, memiliki variasi dan perbedaan antara spesies yang satu dengan spesies yang lain. Untuk spesies Cymodocea serrulata dan Thalassia hemprichii yang tumbuh di Tongkeina berukuran lebih panjang dibanding yang tumbuh di Arakan. Sedangkan untuk spesies Halodule pinifolia, terlihat yang tumbuh di Arakan yang memiliki ukuran lebih panjang dari Halophila ovalis. Hasil pengukuran menggunakan Hobo Pendant loggers di Arakan : intensitas cahaya 130000-139000 lux dan temperatur 36-37 0C. Di Tongkeina intensitas cahaya 230000-240000 lux dan temperatur 31-32 0C.Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketiga spesies baik yang tumbuh di arakan maupun yang tumbuh di Tongkeina memiliki variasi morfometrik.
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Charney, Michael. "Crisis and Reformation in a Maritime Kingdom of Southeast Asia: Forces of Instability and Political Disintegration in Western Burma (Arakan), 1603-1701." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 41, no. 2 (1998): 185–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568520982601287.
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AbstractThis study of the initial collapse, revival, and finally a resumption of decline in the seventeenth century of the maritime kingdom of Arakan (in western Burma) attempts to establish a special place for Arakan in the general historiography of the seventeenth-century crisis in Southeast Asia. The unusual experience of Arakan in the seventeenth century was in large part due to both the blockades by autonomous Portuguese freebooters in the first two decades of the seventeenth century and the peculiar nature of a new trading relationship from the 1630s until the 1660s between the Arakanese and the Dutch, based on the Arakanese supply of slaves and rice to Dutch port-cities and plantations. The ebb and flow of Arakanese fortunes throughout the century were thus tied to the fortunes of the Dutch. Expanding Asian empires in Bengal and Burma also influenced the decline of the Arakanese maritime polity after the Dutch withdrew from Arakan in the 1660s. Afterwards, as the material resources of the Arakanese central court declined, the Arakanese littoral became politically fragmented, characterized and sustained by the rise of rival political centers and the rebellions of non-Arakanese ethnic groups who had been captured abroad and resettled in the Arakanese littoral. Arakan thus experienced its “own” crisis in the seventeenth century, a watershed that gives it a peculiar niche in the seventeenth-century history not only of Southeast Asia as a whole, but of the mainland in particular.
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Hartimah, Tati. "Rekam Jejak Muslim Rohingya di Myanmar." Buletin Al-Turas 16, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/bat.v16i1.4278.
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Rohingya tribe lived in jungles spread in Araka, Myanmar since 8th century, were Muslim. they were considered as the second class citizen came from Banglades, treated inequally, and rejected to be part of country. this condition continued from 18th century up to now. this condition is a result of Burma ethnic domination (Tibeto-Burmans) which then became the militery regime. through Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO) established in 1980, Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front (ARIF) established in 1987, and Rohingya National alliance (RNA), the tribe has started to go againts the regime.
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Leider, Jacques. "Forging Buddhist Credentials as a Tool of Legitimacy and Ethnic Identity: A Study of Arakan's Subjection in Nineteenth-Century Burma." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 51, no. 3 (2008): 409–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852008x317770.
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AbstractThe kingdom of Arakan was conquered by the Burmese in 1785 and annexed by the British after the first Anglo-Burmese War (1824-6). Resistance to the occupation was followed by campaigns of pacification that entailed social disruption. Starting with an analysis of the religious motives for King Bodawphaya's quest to conquer Arakan, this article focuses on the use of local religious traditions to bolster ethnic self-identification and resist the process of integration. Based on little explored indigenous and Western primary sources, this essay attempts to make a contribution to the social history of Buddhism in Arakan. Le royaume d'Arakan fut conquis en 1785 par les Birmans. Après la première guerre anglobirmane (1824-6), il fut annexé par les Anglais. La résistance arakanaise aux occupants provoqua des campagnes d'oppression qui eurent un impact considérable sur la société. L'article que voici propose une analyse des motifs religieux qui sous-tendent la conquête par le roi Bodawphaya (1781-1819). L'attention se porte ensuite sur le recours aux traditions locales qui étayaient l'identité communautaire et permettaient de résister au processus d'intégration. Cette enquête fondée sur des sources primaires indigènes et occidentales offre ainsi une contribution à l'histoire sociale du bouddhisme en Arakan.
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Merly, Sendy L., Billy T. Wagey, and Grevo S. Gerung. "Community structure of seagrass beds in Arakan, South Minahasa Regency." AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2013): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1966.
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Arakan waters is located in front of Arakan Wawontulap district as part of Bunaken National Park. This area has a vast seagrass meadow of 1943.45 ha. Seagrass-Watch method combined with line transect and quadrat methods were used to collected data. Four seagrass species were identified such as Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides and Syringodium isoetifolium. Diversity Index (H') was quite high at 1.2071 and was inversely correlated to the value of dominance (D) at 0.3366, and this was supported by the presence of a uniform species (J') of 0.8707. Important Index Value (INP) was highest at station I comprising E. acoroides species, and station II comprising E. acoroides and T. hemprichii, while the third station comprised T. hemprichii. Spatial distribution of the three stations ranged from random to contagious (aggregated)© Perairan Desa Arakan termasuk dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken wilayah Arakan Wawontulap yang memiliki luas area padang lamun sekitar 1.943,45 Ha. Data dikoleksi menggunakan metode seagrass-watch yang dikombinasikan dengan metoda transek garis dan kuadran. Empat spesies lamun berhasil diidentifikasi yaitu Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) cukup tinggi yakni 1,2071 berbanding terbalik dengan Nilai Dominansi (D) yang rendah yakni 0,3366 dan ditunjang dengan keberadaan spesies yang merata (J’) senilai 0,8707. Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi pada Stasiun I diperlihatkan oleh E.acoroides, Stasiun II oleh E.acoroides dan T.hemprichii, dan sedangkan Stasiun III oleh T. hemprichii. Adapun pola penyebaran pada ketiga stasiun ini berkisar antara acak (random) dan mengelompok (contagious)©
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Panthi, Ananta. "Anomalous Seismicity Patterns Study of Three Mainshocks Occurred in Arakan-yoma Region." Himalayan Physics 4 (December 22, 2013): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v4i0.9425.
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The anomalous seismic activity prior to three mainshocks occurred in Arakan-yoma region, within the area bounded by 20o-28o N and 92o-98o E, has been studied considering spatial distribution and temporal patterns of earthquakes. The anomalous seismic activity has been investigated in this region using the seismicity data for the period 1963 to 2008 with events having magnitude mb ≥ 4.3. From the study, it has been inferred that all three mainshocks occurred in Arakan-yoma region were well preceded by anomalous seismicity pattern.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 34-39 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013
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Wuwumbene, Riezky H. S., Ari B. Rondonuwu, and Victor N. R. Watung. "Coral Fishes At Artificial Reef In Bunaken National Park Arakan, South Minahasa Regency." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 5, no. 2 (May 4, 2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.5.2.2017.15909.
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Artificial reefs already placed in the coast of the village of Arakan, South Minahasa regency since June 2015. Artificial reef, that would be the location of research are concrete and iron, mostly be the medium of coral transplantation. The pupose of the research are (1). To know the species coral reef fish (2). To know the number of each species and the density of the coral reef fish (3). To know the structure of coral reef fish communities. Data retrieval be done use with Visual Census Method in the 51 squaremeter area (lenght = 8,5 m, width = 6 m). This research find 15 families with 29 coral reef fish species and 1341 individual. The diversity index of artificial reefs with moderate diversity index and relative abudance is found in species Dascyllus trimaculatus 34,731 %, Plotosus lineatus 21,593 %, and Dascyllus reticulatus 21,174 %.Keywords: Artificial reef, Community Structure, Arakan. ABSTRAKTerumbu buatan sudah diletakan pada perairan desa Arakan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan pada bulan Juni 2015. Terumbu buatan yang menjadi lokasi penelitian berjenis beton dan besi, model yang terbuat dari besi lebih banyak diarahkan sebagai media transplantasi karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui kekayaan spesies ikan karang (2) Mengetahui kelimpahan individu dan kepadatan relatif ikan karang (3) Mengetahui struktur komunitas ikan karang. Pegambilan data dilakukan menggunakan metode Sensus Visual dengan luas pengamatan pada terumbu buatan seluas 51 m2 (panjang = 8,5 meter dan lebar = 6 meter). Penelitian ini menemukan 15 famili dengan 29 spesies ikan karang dan kelimpahan individu total 1341 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman di daerah terumbu buatan dengan nilai indeks keanegaraman yang sedang dengan indeks dominasi rendah dan kelimpahan relatif terdapat pada spesies Dascyllus trimaculatus dengan nilai 34,731 %, Plotosus lineatus dengan nilai 21,593 %, dan Dascyllus reticulatus dengan nilai 21,174 %.Kata Kunci : Terumbu Buatan, Struktur Komunitas, Arakan.
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Charney, Michael W. "Burma's Lost Kingdoms: Splendours of Arakan (review)." Asian Perspectives 42, no. 1 (2003): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asi.2003.0013.
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Huxley, Andrew. "Two Law Book Lists from 1870s Arakan." Journal of Burma Studies 19, no. 2 (2015): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jbs.2015.0011.
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Kalesaran, Ockstan, Cyska Lumenta, and Winda Mingkid. "GROWTH PATTERNS OF THE PEARL OYSTER Pinctada margaritifera IN NORTH SULAWESI WATERS." Jurnal Perikanan Unram 11, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jp.v11i2.260.
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The pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758) or black lip pearl oyster is a marinebivalves with important economic value. This Indo-Pacific species is found in abundance in the waters of North Sulawesi, but cultivation activities have not been optimized. Growth information is important for aquaculture activities because it is a useful indicator to determine the health of pearl oysters and environmental suitability (Moussa, 2013). The purpose of this study was to determine the growth pattern of P. margaritifera pearl shells in the waters of North Sulawesi. Species P. margaritifera were collected at a depth of 2-20 m in the waters of North Minahasa Bahoi, Arakan waters South Minahasa and Talengen waters Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi Province. The morphometric parameters observed included shell length (PC), shell height (TC), shell thickness (tC), and total weight (BT). The relationship between length, height, shell thickness and total weight was analyzed by regression equation. Morphometric measurements of P. margaritifera showed average shell length (PC) of 95.26 mm (Arakan waters), 81.15 mm (Talengen waters) and 70.19 mm (Bahoi waters). The growth pattern of P. margaritifera in the waters of Bahoi, Arakan and Talengen, North Sulawesi Province was allometric negative. This means that the increase in length, height and thickness of the shell is faster than the total weight.
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Lohoo, Helen Jenny, and Joyce Christiana Valencia Palenewen. "Pemberdayaan Kelompok Nelayan Desa Arakan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan Dalam Diversifikasi Produk Olahan Ikan." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.9.2.2021.36925.
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The purpose of this program is to empower the Women Fishermen group in Arakan Village, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province in processing / diversifying fish products into shredded. This diversification of shredded fish is expected to increase production, management to be skilled and economically independent which in turn can increase people's income. The specific target of this activity is to produce shredded fish products that are superior in terms of taste, sanitation and hygiene, durability, and create jobs / businesses and strong management. The implementation methods applied to this program are 1) the production of shredded fish; 2) Approach methods to overcome partner problems, namely counseling, training, mentoring and evaluation; 3) Work procedures to support aspects of the problem, respectively, namely survey, counseling, training, evaluation, output, reporting.The result of this activity is an increase in the skills and knowledge or empowerment of the Women Fishermen group in Arakan Village, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province in processing/diversifying fishery products, namely fish floss which is delicious and favored by panelists, packaged practically. This activity is expected; women in coastal areas can be empowered through economic activities based on fishery business so that they become a new locomotive in bringing the economy of fishing communities to be better. Keywords: empowerment, diversifying processed, fish products, Arakan village
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Iskandar, Angelitha O. T., Joshian N. W. Schaduw, Natalie D. C. Rumampuk, Calvyn F. A. Sondak, Veibe Warouw, and Ari Rondonuwu. "Kajian Kesesuaian Lahan Ekowisata Mangrove Di Desa Arakan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan Sulawesi Utara." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 7, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.7.1.2019.23456.
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Study Of Land Suitability For Mangrove Ecotourism In Arakan Village, Minahasa Selatan District, North Sulawesi The purpose of this study was to determine community structure, mangrove canopy cover and land suitability of mangrove ecotourism. This study used the line transect method for mangrove community structure, interviews for questionnaires and hemispherical photography for the percentage of mangrove cover. The results of the study on mangrove community structure showed that The highest important value index is found in transect 3, namely R. stylosa with value of 292,935 and the lowest on transect 3 is A. officinalis with a value of 7.065. For the suitability of mangrove ecotourism land shows that all transects belong to the suitable category with value of 55.74% on transect 1, 65.57% on transect 2, 68.85% on transect 3, 63.93% on transect 4 and 68.85% on transect 5.Keywords: Mangrove, Ecotourism, Arakan Village Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas, tutupan kanopi mangrove dan kesesuaian lahan ekowisata mangrove. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode line transek terhadap struktur komunitas mangrove, wawancara untuk kuisioner dan hemispherical photography untuk persentase tutupan mangrove. Hasil penelitian struktur komunitas mangrove yaitu indeks nilai penting tertinggi terdapat pada transek 3 jenis R.stylosa 292.935 dan terendah pada transek 3 jenis A.officinalis 7.065. Untuk kesesuaian lahan ekowisata mangrove bahwa pada semua transek masuk kategori sesuai dengan nilai kesesuaian transek 1 55.74%, transek 2 nilai 65.57%, transek 3 nilai 68.85%, transek 4 nilai 63.93% dan transek 5 nilai 68.85%.Kata kunci: Mangrove, Ekowisata, Desa Arakan.
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Asmanov, O. A., Kh Dzh Magomedov, Z. A. Adilov, and Z. O. Asekova. "DAGESTAN EARTHQUAKES FELT in 2016–2017." Earthquakes in Northern Eurasia, no. 25 (December 20, 2022): 261–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35540/1818-6254.2022.25.24.
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The article provides instrumental data and descriptions of macroseismic manifestations of six perceptible earthquakes that occurred on the territory of Dagestan in 2016 (Mekhelta on May 13 with KR=13.5, Ms=5.3, I0=5, Arakan on August 24 with KR=10.1, Ms =3.4, I0=4, Botlikh on November 2 with KR=9.3, Ms=3.2, I0=4, Kizilyurt-II on December 22 with KR=10.3, Ms=3.5, I0=4–5) and in 2017 (Tsurib on May 3 with KR=13.6, Ms=5.3, I0=6 and Lyakhlya on December 7 with KR=12, Ms=4.4, I0=5–6). For each of the considered earthquakes, except for the Tsurib one, isoseismal maps were compiled. All earthquakes, except for the Arakan one, are located along the seismically active ring around the calm zone. The Arakan earthquake, together with the Kichigamra-I and Kichigamra-II earthquakes on May 3, 1988, and April 3, 2013, breaks the long-term seismic calm in this zone, there-by confirming that similar seismic events can take place here in the medium term. It should be noted that the 2016 Botlikh earthquake is the only event of such magnitude within the Botlikh area for the entire instrumental observation period (since 1975). The Kizilyurt-II earthquake, despite its low mag-nitude, is of interest due to the wide-area where shakes were felt, and, together with the strong 1999 Kizilyurt-I earthquake with Ms=5.3, due to proximity to the Chiryurt hydroelectric power station.
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Hasanah, Ulfatun. "Arak-Arakan Simbol Warak Ngendog Sebagai Media Dakwah." Al-I'lam: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam 3, no. 1 (September 25, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jail.v3i1.1367.
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Abstrak:Simbol Warak Ngendog merupakan kreativitas budaya Lokal yang menjadi maskot dalam arak-arakan tradisi ritual Dugderan masyarakat Kota Semarang. Warak Ngndog memiliki makna konotasi dan denotasi, yang sangat tinggi nilai-nilai filosofis yang dikandungnya. Warak Ngendog secara simbolik mencerminkan akulturasi budaya Jawa, Arab, dan Cina yang merefleksikan pesan-pesan edukatif ajaran moral Islami serta nilai harmoni kehidupan masyarakat multikultural. Interaksi sistemik ulama, pemerintah, masyarakat, ritual Dugderan, dan maskot Warak Ngendog sebagai simbol budaya berperan secara sinergis sebagai media dakwah. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa Warak Ngendog digunakan sebagai media/alat dalam berdakwah. Abstract:The symbol of Warak Ngendog is capturing the local cultural creativity that has become the mascot in the Dugderan ritual tradition procession of the people of Semarang City. Warak Ngndog has connotation and denotation meaning, which are very high philosophical values they contain. Warak Ngendog symbolically reflects the acculturation of Javanese, Arabic and Chinese culture that reflects the educative messages of Islamic moral teachings and the harmony of life in multicultural societies. The systemic interaction of ulama, government, society, Dugderan rituals, and the mascot of Warak Ngendog as a cultural symbol play a synergistic role as propaganda media. The results of this study that Ngarakog Warak is used as a medium / tool for da'wah
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D.R., Nandy. "Geology and tectonics of Arakan Yoma - a reappraisal." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 20 (August 30, 1986): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm20198608.
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Nono, Davidson R., Farnis B. Boneka, and Grevo S. Gerung. "SIPUT GASTROPODA PADA ALGA MAKRO DI TANJUNG ARAKAN DAN PULAU NAIN, SULAWESI UTARA." JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2013): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4173.
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Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Taman Nasional Bunaken yakni Pantai Pulau Nain dan Tanjung Arakan pada bulan Februari 2012. Penelitian dimulai dengan menyusuri pantai pada pagi hingga siang hari saat air sedang surut dengan menggunakan alat snorkeling. Penelitian ini berhasil menemukan 15 jenis siput dari 9 famili dan 5 jenis alga makro dari 3 famili. Komunitas siput gastropoda di kedua stasiun penelitian memiliki nilai indeks kesamaan sebesar 63%. Sedangkan komunitas alga makro memiliki nilai indeks kesamaan sebesar 75%. Hal tersebut menyatakan bahwa siput gastropoda dan alga makro di kedua stasiun penelitian relatif memiliki kesamaan dalam komposisi jenis. Untuk siput jenis Strombus labiatus, Strombus sp 1, Strombus urceus, Pyrene scripta, Cerithium rostratum, Cymatium vespacium, Phasianella solida, Vexillum vulpecullum, Gyrineum bituberculare dan Clanculus atropurpureus lebih cenderung memilih alga makro jenis Halimeda opuntia sebagai habitatnya. Relung ekologi Pyrene scripta di Tanjung Arakan dan Pulau Nain memiliki nilai yang tertinggi (maksimum). Hal ini menandakan bahwa siput Pyrene scripta merupakan siput yang generalis karena tersebar pada hampir seluruh jenis alga makro. Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Bunaken, gastropoda, alga makro, kesamaan komunitas, relung ekologi. Samples were collected from Nain Island and Arakan Cape in Bunaken National Park area, in February 2012. The collection was conducted by snorkeling along the coastline in the morning, when the tide was low. This study found 15 species of slugs from nine families and 5 species of macro algae from three families. Communities of gastropod snails in both research stations have similarity index value of 63%, while the macro algae communities have similarity index value of 75%. This indicated that the gastropod snails and macro algae from both study sites were relatively similar concerning their species composition. Some slugs such as Strombus labiatus, Strombus sp 1, Strombus urceus, Pyrene scripta, Cerithium rostratum, Cymatium vespacium, Phasianella solida, Vexillum vulpecullum, Gyrineum bituberculare and Clanculus atropurpureus were more likely to choose the Halimeda Opuntia macro algae as their habitat. Ecological niche of Pyrene scripta on the Arakan Cape and Nain Island showed the highest value (maximum). This indicated that Pyrene scripta are generalized species that lived on nearly all types of macro algae.Keywords: Bunaken National Park, gastropoda, macro algae, similarity community, ecological niche.
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Pontoh, Otniel. "PENANGKAPAN IKAN DENGAN BOM DI DAERAH TERUMBU KARANG DESA ARAKAN DAN WAWONTULAP." JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS 7, no. 1 (April 4, 2011): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.7.1.2011.17.
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This study was aimed to see the behavior of fishermen who catch fish using explosives in coral zone. This research was carried out in Arakan and Wawontulap villages, South Minahasa. The results showed that almost 60 percent of coral reef areas were destroyed by fish bombing.
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Mahmud, Md Tareq. "A Conflict Profile On The Rohingya Conflict in Myanmar." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 14 (August 30, 2019): 3313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v14i0.8407.
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‘Rohingya’- world’s most persecuted minority group came to the attention of the international media again in the mid of 2017 due to the brutality they were experiencing in their homeland by the state authority of Myanmar. Now they are being labeled as the ‘perpetual other’ of Myanmar and as the ‘Bengali intruders’ by the society regardless of being the inhabitants in the Rakhine state for centuries (The Diplomat 2017). As a result of this Bangladesh experienced the largest surge of displaced people into its border after its independence. They are ‘culturally discriminated, economically exploited and politically sidelined’ and are being discerned by the Arakan people as a threat to their national identity and an additional competitor for the natural resources (Wolf 2015). It is widely believed that the reason of the violent crackdown of the military against the ‘Rohingya’ community in the Arakan state is either religiously or ethnically motivated. But this is only a splinter part of the entire truth. These violent atrocities against the Rohingya community is more politically and economically motivated than religiously and ethnically. This paper will focus on the causes of the present crisis which started to unveil since 2017 and how these are linked with the interest of the different stakeholders like: the Military junta of Myanmar, Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), ASEAN, Bangladesh, Indian government, China, the UN, etc. To understand the causes and the effects of the conflict this paper will use the tool of ‘conflict tree’ and the ‘conflict onion’ will be used as a tool to understand the positions, needs and interests of different actors.
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Wijetunge, Janaka J. "A multi-scenario assessment of the seismogenic tsunami hazard for Bangladesh." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 11, no. 2 (October 9, 2019): 156–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2019-0047.
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Purpose This paper aims to describe a multi-scenario assessment of the seismogenic tsunami hazard for Bangladesh from active subduction zones in the Indian Ocean region. Two segments of the Sunda arc, namely, Andaman and Arakan, appear to pose a tsunamigenic seismic threat to Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach High-resolution numerical simulations of tsunami propagation toward the coast of Bangladesh have been carried out for eight plausible seismic scenarios in Andaman and Arakan subduction zones. The numerical results have been analyzed to obtain the spatial variation of the maximum tsunami amplitudes as well as tsunami arrival times for the entire coastline of Bangladesh. Findings The results suggest that the tsunami heights are amplified on either side of the axis of the submarine canyon which approaches the nearshore sea off Barisal in the seaboard off Sundarban–Barisal–Sandwip. Moreover, the computed tsunami amplitudes are comparatively higher north of the latitude 21.5o in the Teknaf–Chittagong coastline. The calculated arrival times indicate that the tsunami waves reach the western half of the Sundarban–Barisal–Sandwip coastline sooner, while shallow water off the eastern half results in a longer arrival time for that part of the coastline, in the event of an earthquake in the Andaman seismic zone. On the other hand, most parts of the Chittagong–Teknaf coastline would receive tsunami waves almost immediately after an earthquake in the northern segment of the Arakan seismic zone. Originality/value The present assessment includes probabilistic measures of the tsunami hazard by incorporating several probable seismic scenarios corresponding to recurrence intervals ranging from 25 years to over 1,000 years.
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Wu, Chi-Hua, and Huang-Hsiung Hsu. "Role of the Indochina Peninsula Narrow Mountains in Modulating the East Asian–Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon." Journal of Climate 29, no. 12 (June 8, 2016): 4445–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0594.1.
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Abstract Unrealistic topographic effects are generally incorporated in global climate simulations and may contribute significantly to model biases in the Asian monsoon region. By artificially implementing the Arakan Yoma and Annamese Cordillera—two south–north-oriented high mountain ranges on the coasts of the Indochina Peninsula—in a 1° global climate model, it is demonstrated that the proper representation of mesoscale topography over the Indochina Peninsula is crucial for realistically simulating the seasonality of the East Asian–western North Pacific (EAWNP) summer monsoon. Presence of the Arakan Yoma and Annamese Cordillera helps simulate the vertical coupling of atmospheric circulation over the mountain regions. In late May, the existence of the Arakan Yoma enhances the vertically deep southwesterly flow originating from the trough over the Bay of Bengal. The ascending southwesterly flow converges with the midlatitude jet stream downstream in the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau and transports moisture across the Indochina Peninsula to East Asia. The existence of the Annamese Cordillera helps the northward lower-tropospheric moisture transport over the South China Sea into the mei-yu–baiu system, and the leeside troughing effect of the mountains likely contributes to the enhancement of the subtropical high to the east. Moreover, the eastward propagation of wave energy from central Asia to the EAWNP suggests a dynamical connection between the midlatitude westerly perturbation and mei-yu–baiu. Including the Annamese Cordillera also strengthens a Pacific–Japan (PJ) pattern–like perturbation in late July by enhancing the cyclonic circulation (i.e., monsoon trough) in the lower-tropospheric western North Pacific. This suggests the contribution of the mountain effects to the intrinsic variability of the summer monsoon in the EAWNP.
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PAZARBAŞI, Betül, and Ebru TURANLI. "DİJİTAL MEDYADA YAYINLANAN ARAKAN SAVAŞ/ÇATIŞMA FOTOĞRAFLARININ GÖSTERGEBİLİMSEL ANALİZİ." Intermedia International e-journal 5, no. 8 (June 27, 2018): 88–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21645/intermedia.2018.46.
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SOMSA-ARD, NANTHAPORN, and SANTI PAILOPLEE. "SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR MYANMAR." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 07, no. 04 (November 2013): 1350029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431113500292.
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In this study, the seismic hazards of Myanmar are analyzed based on both deterministic and probabilistic scenarios. The area of the Sumatra–Andaman Subduction Zone is newly defined and the lines of faults proposed previously are grouped into nine earthquake sources that might affect the Myanmar region. The earthquake parameters required for the seismic hazard analysis (SHA) were determined from seismicity data including paleoseismological information. Using previously determined suitable attenuation models, SHA maps were developed. For the deterministic SHA, the earthquake hazard in Myanmar varies between 0.1 g in the Eastern part up to 0.45 g along the Western part (Arakan Yoma Thrust Range). Moreover, probabilistic SHA revealed that for a 2% probability of exceedance in 50 and 100 years, the levels of ground shaking along the remote area of the Arakan Yoma Thrust Range are 0.35 and 0.45 g, respectively. Meanwhile, the main cities of Myanmar located nearby the Sagaing Fault Zone, such as Mandalay, Yangon, and Naypyidaw, may be subjected to peak horizontal ground acceleration levels of around 0.25 g.
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Biswas, Niloy Ranjan. "Myanmar’s military and the garrison state: State-military relations in Myanmar and their influence in the [re]production of violence against minorities." Asian Journal of Comparative Politics 5, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 158–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057891119880261.
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The article examines the relationship between the state and military in Myanmar to understand the country’s policies regarding persecution of religious and ethnic minorities in the context of the Rohingya population of Arakan. The article applies the idea of the garrison state, a concept originally developed by Harold J Lasswell. It applies a process-tracing approach to understand the relations between the state and military of Myanmar, by examining primary documents and secondary literature on the subject. The article argues that Myanmar is a state which is compulsively concerned about perceived threats to its sovereignty. This real or imagined anxiety translates into cultural, social and economic attributes, and its policies to [re]produce violence against the Rohingya minorities of Arakan. These features endorse the idea that militarism is habitually developed by a garrison state, such as Myanmar, which is reflected in the policies of citizenship and the construction of minorities. Therefore, violence becomes a continuous tool that is applied by the state, particularly against the peripheral minorities and other marginalised groups.
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Lavialle-Prélois, Julie. "De la colonisation à la légitimation : l’autre « terroriste » en Arakan." Journal des anthropologues, no. 154-155 (November 15, 2018): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/jda.7055.
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Gutman, Pamela, Bob Hudson, Kyaw Minn Htin, and Kyaw Tun Aung. "Rock art and artisans in the Lemro Valley, Arakan, Myanmar." Antiquity 81, no. 313 (September 1, 2007): 655–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00095648.
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This is a story that will appeal to all scholars involved with the interpretation of rock art. Figures depicted on rock surfaces in jungle terrain patrolled by soldier ants were thought in the nineteenth century to record an otherwise unknown early episode of invasion and resistance – and were widely published as such. A recent survey by a Myanmar-Australian team has made more correct records of the earlier forms and now offers fresh interpretations: the carvings are due to fifteenth-nineteenth century artisans working at quarries producing objects for the town of Mrauk-U, and they evoke local creatures and architectural echoes of the town and temples on which they worked.
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Mallet, F. R. "THE MUD VOLCANOES OF RAMRI AND CHEDUBA (ARAKAN, WESTERN BURMA)." Terra Nova 2, no. 5 (September 1990): 501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1990.tb00111.x.
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Faisal, MD Mostafa. "The Rohingya Refugee Crisis of Myanmar: A History of Persecution and Human Rights Violations." International Journal of Social, Political and Economic Research 7, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 743–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ijospervol7iss3pp743-761.
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The United Nations refers to Rohingya as one of the most persecuted ethnic minorities in the world, and this minority community from the Arakan state of Myanmar crossing by land into Bangladesh, while others take to the sea to reach Malaysia, Indonesia, India and Thailand to escape from persecution. They first arrived in the Arakan on 8th century and ruled this area from 1430 AD to 1784 AD. Rohingya Muslims, along with Burmese Muslims and Buddhists together participated in their Independence movement, participated in the national election and elected as parliament member. But all the achievements and collaboration became failed after a few years later of independence. This study aims to find out the origin and historical background of Rohingya Muslim and chronological state persecution against them. This paper concludes that Rohingya are not illegal settler and their presence in Rakhine state of before the arrival of Mongolian and Tibeti Burmans. After the independence, they are victims of numerous types of oppression, such as denied citizenship, excessive taxation, confiscation of property, mosque destruction, torture, extrajudicial killing, restrictions on freedom of movement and marriage, forced deportation, destruction of houses and villages.
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Schaduw, Joshian N. W., Edwin L. A. Ngangi, and Joppy D. Mudeng. "Land suitability of seaweed farming in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province." AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2013): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1972.
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The success of seaweed cultivation is determined from the determination of the location. This is because the production and quality seaweed influenced by ecological factors including the condition of the substrate surface waters, water quality, climate, geographical bottom waters. Arakan villages in the District of South Minahasa regency become one of the centers of seaweed cultivation in the province of North Sulawesi. The specific objective of this study was obtained in the form of a map of suitability mapping seaweed cultivation areas; gathering data and information about the extent of the area, water capacity, area unit, and carrying water. The study was conducted in the waters of the village of Arakan, District Tatapaan, South Minahasa regency, North Sulawesi. When phase 3 study conducted every month from June to December in 2012. The analysis is based on space availability, suitability waters that support the cultivation of seaweed. Suitability space spatially waters using physical and chemical parameters of waters which is a prerequisite eligibility seaweed cultivation. Spatial observations by using a Geographic Information System (GIS) for the weights and scores in determining the suitability of land. Process is done through the preparation of spatial database and
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Makhas, Khesyia A., N. Gustaf F. Mamangkey, and Desy M. H. Mantiri. "PERKEMBANGAN MUTIARA MABÉ PADA PINCTADA MARGARITIFERA DI PERAIRAN ARAKAN, SULAWESI UTARA." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 2, no. 1 (December 8, 2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.2.1.2014.6726.
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Pinctada margaritifera adalah spesies kerang mutiara yang umumnya menghasilkan mutiara berwarna hitam sehingga dikenal sebagai mutiara hitam. Di Sulawesi Utara, spesies ini banyak menempati daerah laguna di perairan Arakan, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Salah satu jenis mutiara yang bisa diproduksi dari spesies kerang ini adalah mutiara jenis mabé. Namun, kajian ilmiah tentang struktur dan senyawa mutiara yang dihasilkan dari kerang P. margaritifera yang berasal dari perairan Arakan belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat ketebalan lapisan mutiara jenis mabé berdasarkan pertambahan waktu dan mendeskripsikan bentuk struktur pada lapisan mutiara jenis mabé berdasarkan pertambahan waktu. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama tujuh bulan dengan tiga kali masa sampling yaitu pada bulan kedua, keenam dan ketujuh. Pada bulan awal dilakukan penyisipan/penempelan inti mutiara setengah bulat berbahan plastik pada dinding bagian dalam dari cangkang kerang P. margaritifera. Pertumbuhan lapisan diamati dengan mikroskop stereo dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Hasil pengamatan yang didapat adalah tebal rata-rata lapisan mutiara bulan kedua adalah 0,201 mm, bulan keenam adalah 1,026 mm dan 0,914 mm pada bulan ketujuh. Berdasarkan analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa struktur bangunan lapisan mutiara seperti susunan batu bata dengan ukuran platelet aragonite rata-rata pada bulan kedua adalah 0,511 µm dan pada bulan keenam adalah 0,604 µm.
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Roberts, R. E. "An account of Arakan Written at Islaàmabad (Chittagong) in June 1777." Aséanie 3, no. 1 (1999): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/asean.1999.1626.
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Gregorio, Simon Peter. "Manobo Dreams in Arakan: a people's struggle to keep their homeland." Philippine Political Science Journal 34, no. 1 (June 2013): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01154451.2013.789163.
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Mccall, G. I. H., and Joseph Mccall. "MUD VOLCANOES OF RAMRI AND CHEDUBA, ARAKAN - ANALOGUES IN SOUTHERN IRAN." Terra Nova 3, no. 1 (January 1991): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1991.tb00856.x.
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Jafar, Syed A., and P. Kapoor. "Late Maastrichtian-Danian nannoplankton from basal Subathu of Dharampur, Simla Himalaya, India-Palaeogeographic implications." Journal of Palaeosciences 37, no. (1-3) (December 31, 1988): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1988.1605.
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The discovery of Danian calcareous nannoplankton of combined NP3-NP4: Chiasmolithus danicus/Ellipsolithus macellus zones from apparently unproductive Subathu of Dharampur, offers new scope for high resolution dating; reworked nannofloral elements of Late Maastrichtian (Micula mura Zone of low-mid latitudes) demand the fixing of lower age limit of Subathu Formation straddling K/T boundary. This may signify an event permitting the entry of Assam-Arakan sea along the lesser Himalayan rift via Arunachal during Late Maastrichtian.
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Tiwari, Ram Krishna, and Harihar Paudyal. "Frequency magnitude distribution and spatial correlation dimension of earthquakes in north-east Himalaya and adjacent regions." Geologos 28, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logos-2022-0009.
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Abstract The north-east sector of the Himalaya is one of the most active tectonic belts, with complex geological and tectonic features. The b-value and spatial correlation dimension (Dc) of earthquake distribution in the north-east Himalaya and its adjacent regions (20–32°N and 88–98°E) are estimated in the present study. Based on seismicity and faulting pattern, the region is divided into five active regions, namely the (i) South-Tibet, (ii) Eastern-Syntaxis, (iii) Himalayan-Frontal Arc, (iv) Arakan-Yoma belt and (v) Shillong-Plateau. A homogeneous catalogue of 1,416 earthquakes (mb ≥ 4.5) has been prepared from a revised catalogue of the ISC (International Seismological Centre). The b-value has been appraised by the maximum likelihood estimation method, while Dc values have been calculated by the correlation integral method; b-values of 1.08 ± 0.09, 1.13 ± 0.05, 0.92 ± 0.05, 1.00 ± 0.03 and 0.98 ± 0.08 have been computed for the South-Tibet, Eastern-Syntaxis, Himalayan-Frontal Arc, Arakan-Yoma belt and Shillong-Plateau region, respectively. The Dc values computed for the respective regions are 1.36 ± 0.02, 1.74 ± 0.04, 1.57 ± 0.01, 1.8 ± 0.01, and 1.83 ± 0.02. These values are > 1.5, except for the South-Tibet (1.36 ± 0.02). The b-values around the global average value (1.0) reflect the stress level and seismic activity of the regions, while high Dc values refer to the heterogeneity of the seismogenic sources.
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Hondrade, Rosa Fe, Edwin Hondrade, Lianqing Zheng, Francisco Elazegui, Jo-Anne Lynne Joy E. Duque, Christopher C. Mundt, Casiana M. Vera Cruz, and Karen A. Garrett. "Cropping system diversification for food production in Mindanao rubber plantations: a rice cultivar mixture and rice intercropped with mungbean." PeerJ 5 (February 8, 2017): e2975. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2975.
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Including food production in non-food systems, such as rubber plantations and biofuel or bioenergy crops, may contribute to household food security. We evaluated the potential for planting rice, mungbean, rice cultivar mixtures, and rice intercropped with mungbean in young rubber plantations in experiments in the Arakan Valley of Mindanao in the Philippines. Rice mixtures consisted of two- or three-row strips of cultivar Dinorado, a cultivar with higher value but lower yield, and high-yielding cultivar UPL Ri-5. Rice and mungbean intercropping treatments consisted of different combinations of two- or three-row strips of rice and mungbean. We used generalized linear mixed models to evaluate the yield of each crop alone and in the mixture or intercropping treatments. We also evaluated a land equivalent ratio for yield, along with weed biomass (whereAgeratum conyzoideswas particularly abundant), the severity of disease caused byMagnaporthe oryzaeandCochliobolus miyabeanus, and rice bug (Leptocorisa acuta) abundance. We analyzed the yield ranking of each cropping system across site-year combinations to determine mean relative performance and yield stability. When weighted by their relative economic value, UPL Ri-5 had the highest mean performance, but with decreasing performance in low-yielding environments. A rice and mungbean intercropping system had the second highest performance, tied with high-value Dinorado but without decreasing relative performance in low-yielding environments. Rice and mungbean intercropped with rubber have been adopted by farmers in the Arakan Valley.
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Hauret, Philip. "The Chittagonian Coinage of Arakan’s Royal Sons." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 9 (September 21, 2022): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.99.13109.
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A researcher approaching the multi-lingual coins of the former Kingdom of Arakan (circa 1430-1784) must overcome many challenges. Difficult to read specimens, incorrect translations, poor scholarship and at times deficient photography within the existing treatments, when one can find them, are some of the obstacles encountered. Despite all the recent attention the Rohingya controversy has brought to these coins, studying them can still be productive of new information about Arakan. The objectives of this article are relatively modest, nonetheless. It will focus on a particular series of multi-lingual coins issued by a number of Arakanese-appointed governors of the Chittagong region, located in present-day Bangladesh, beginning in the 1570’s and ending circa 1612, with the aim of correcting some mistranslations and errors in descriptions as well as uncovering additional information about these governors, particularly those who were sons of Arakanese kings. It will also assess the effectiveness of the numismatic evidence in approximating the succession of these governors during the subject period. We will be assisted in this endeavor by the sale at auction of a major collection of Chittagonian coins in 2011 by Stephen Album Rare Coins (SARC) of Santa Rosa, California, a numismatic dealer specializing in Asian coinage. This unmatched assemblage of over 75 specimens offers students of Arakanese numismatics an unprecedented opportunity to study these coins, as today’s on-line auctions provide quality digital photography unavailable in the past.
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Bangi, Juliet P. Candog –., Mary Ann Robelle L. Polido, and Vermando M. Aquino. "Agro-morphological Characteristics of Local Upland Rice in Arakan Valley, Cotabato, Philippines." International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 11, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijhss.11.2.2.
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Devi, Khumukcham Radhapiyari, and Bhagawat Pran Duarah. "Geochemistry of Ukhrul limestone of Assam-Arakan subduction basin, Manipur, Northeast India." Journal of the Geological Society of India 85, no. 3 (March 2015): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12594-015-0226-3.
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Lammerts, Christian. "The Murray Manuscripts and Buddhist Dhammasattha Literature Transmitted in Chittagong and Arakan." Journal of Burma Studies 19, no. 2 (2015): 407–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jbs.2015.0009.
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Lammerts, Christian, and Arlo Griffiths. "Connected and Local Histories of Arakan: New Textual and Epigraphic Studies: Introduction." Journal of Burma Studies 19, no. 2 (2015): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jbs.2015.0010.
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Hudson, Bob. "Life and Work of a Scholar of Arakan: Pamela Gutman, 1944–2015." Journal of Burma Studies 19, no. 2 (2015): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jbs.2015.0013.
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Kaleb, Yanti, N. Gustaf F. Mamangkey, and Desy Mantiri. "Pembentukan Lapisan Mutiara Blister Pteria Penguin dalam Sembilan Bulan Perkembangan." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 3, no. 2 (October 29, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.3.2.2015.10021.
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Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat perkembangan pada ketebalan lapisan mutiara jenis blister mabé dan perbandingan ketebalan lapisan cangkang dengan lapisan mutiara selama kurun waktu sembilan bulan. Penelitian dilakukan di perairan Arakan, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis di laboratorium. Kerang disisip inti plastik pada dinding bagian dalam. Sampling dilakukan pada bulan ke-3, 5 dan 9. Bagian yang terbentuk blister kemudian dipotong secara melintang untuk melihat perkembangan lapisan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka didapatkan bahwa perkembangan ketebalan lapisan mutiara meningkat ukuran rata-rata lapisannya
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Reny, Marie-Eve. "Myanmar in 2020." Asian Survey 61, no. 1 (January 2021): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2021.61.1.138.
Full textAbstract:
The NLD was reelected in 2020 with more seats than it won in 2015. Myanmar’s transition is not regressing, but many priorities remain before the state truly democratizes: conducting transparent trials of military officers who were involved in the killings of Rohingyas, solving the conflict between the Arakan Army and the Tatmadaw in Rakhine State, ensuring that enduring armed conflicts do not undermine citizens’ ability to vote, making sure the National Ceasefire Agreement prevents the resurgence of old animosities, demilitarizing the constitution, and restraining the military’s ability to sue opposition for defamation.
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Iqbal, Haya Fatima. "Rohingya Women in Karachi." ANTYAJAA: Indian Journal of Women and Social Change 2, no. 1 (June 2017): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455632717707108.
Full textAbstract:
Karachi is a sprawling megapolis of Pakistan that hosts hundreds of thousands of immigrants and refugees from different parts of the world. The Rohingyas constitute one such community and live in the south of the city in an area called Arakanabad, named after their ancestral homeland of Arakan (now called Rakhine State) in Myanmar. While there is some media coverage about the plight of the community in general, the challenges faced by migrant Rohingya women are largely ignored. This is a photo essay of Rohingya women living in Karachi.
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Toreh, Putri T. J., N. Gustaf F. Mamangkey, Farnis B. Boneka, Janny D. Kussen, and Frans Lumuindong. "Species Inventory and Weight Measurements of Biofoulings Attached on the Pearl Oyster, Pinctada margaritifera, from Arakan Waters, North Sulawesi." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 6, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.6.2.2018.20651.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted with the aims to identify biofoulings living on the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera and to analyse the weights of the biofoulings for three months. The study was conducted in Arakan waters, District of South Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Biofoulings were collected from the oysters after weighing the shells before and after cleaning. The difference of the weights before and after cleaning was become the weight of the biofoulings. The biofoulings were identified and and analysed. There were eight species of biofoulings recorded and described. Weight results were 3.4 g in the first month, 1.7 g in the second month and 1.1 g on the thord month, respectively. Keywords: Biofouling, pearl oyster, Pinctada magaritifera Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi biota pengotor yang menempel pada cangkang kerang mutiara Pinctada margaritifera dan mengetahui berat biota pengotor yang disampling setiap bulan selama tiga bulan perkembangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Desa Arakan, Minahasa Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Biota pengotor diambil dari cangkang kerang mutiara Pinctada margaritifera kemudian diidentifikasi. Biota pengotor yang didapat dianalisis dengan cara mengukur selisih berat kerang ditimbang sebelum dibersihkan dan sesudah dibersihkan pada tiga bulan perkembangannya untuk mendapatkan hasil rata-rata berat biota pengotor yang diambil setiap bulan selama tiga bulan perkembangan. Penelitian ini memperoleh delapan spesies biota pengotor yang menempel pada cangkang kerang Pinctada margaritifera. Hasil pengukuran rata-rata berat biota pengotor yang diambil setiap bulan selama tiga bulan perkembangan yaitu 3,4 gr (bulan pertama), 1,7 gr (bulan kedua) dan 1,1 g (bulan ketiga). Kata kunci: Biota pengotor, kerang mutiara, Pinctada margaritifera
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Busyairi, Muhammad, and Thi Kim Siem Bui. "ROHINGYA, A STRUGGLE FOR RECOGNITION AS “INDIGENOUS”." Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian 4, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jikk.v4i1.169.
Full textAbstract:
Rohingya first came to Arakan State, Burma (Myanmar) between the eighth and ninth centuries. They are a Muslim minority ethnic group who have been struggling for their indigenous identity. Their arrival in Arakan correlated with the British colonialism and Japanese colonialism (1942-1945) which played a crucial role in initiating the conflicts between Muslims and Buddhists. In consideration of various definitions, Rohingya are obviously defined indigenous because they have lived in a specific territorial for long with their own language, culture and religion. This paper aims to argue that the Rohingya issue should be seen as indigenous group. To address the issue, we use a qualitative approach relying on the available secondary sources by giving historical background, theoretical framework and discussing on inter-religious conflict issue, a form of struggle for indigenous recognition. It is found that despite qualifying the standards to be admitted as indigenous, the Rohingya have been still refused to be minority ethnic group, even not accepted to be legal citizen by the Myanmar government, they are seen as foreigners or illegal immigrants instead. Three lessons are learned from this study on the failure of Rohingya’s recognition. First, the two colonialists were the “dark records” of the Rohingya conflicts. Second, the Myanmar governments have not treated the Rohingya with fair and similar policy during the historical time. Third, all protests and demonstrations conducted throughout the world to condemn the Myanmar government and all financial supports should be done on behalf of humanity, not a religious-solidarity to avoid unexpected effects for inter-religion conflicts nationally and internationally.