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Journal articles on the topic 'Aqueous sol-gel method'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Kong, Qing Rong. "Spinnable Sol Prepared by NHSG Method Used for Mullite Continues Fiber." Key Engineering Materials 680 (February 2016): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.680.111.

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Composite sol with spinnability was prepared from an aqueous solution using polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Al (NO3)3·9H2O (AN) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) via non-hydrolytic sol-gel method. The mullite fibers with good flexibility were also obtained. The viscosity of composite sol increased with the increasing PVB content, water-bathing temperature and aging time. FTIR spectroscopy of composite gel showed a new absorption peak due to the C=O group, which implied the presence of new reaction product. It could be explained by the reaction among PVB, AN and TEOS.
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2

Athar, Taimur, Abdul Hakeem, and Waqar Ahmed. "Synthesis of MgO Nanopowder via Non Aqueous Sol–Gel Method." Advanced Science Letters 7, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.2190.

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3

Pucci, Andrea, and Nicola Pinna. "Review. Non-aqueous Sol-Gel Routes to Metal Oxide Nanocrystals under Solvothermal Conditions: Review and Case Study on Doped Group IV Metal Oxides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 65, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 1015–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2010-0807.

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Over the last decade, the number of publications concerning the non-aqueous sol-gel synthesis of metal oxide nanostructures has rapidly increased, as this method affords an immense variety of sizes and shapes of the products. This review highlights the versatility of non-aqueous sol-gel routes, under solvothermal conditions, to metal oxide and hybrid materials. In particular, the easier control over the reaction kinetics, compared to aqueous methods, allows to better match the reactivity between metal oxide precursors. This permits to produce complex multimetal and doped oxides at low temperature, as it is discussed in detail for the case of doped group IV metal oxides
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4

Vignesh, K., Anju S. Nair, C. Udhayakeerthana, and T. Kalaivani. "Synthesis and characterization ZnO nanoparticles using sol-gel method and their antibacterial study." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1219, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1219/1/012019.

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Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method. Zinc is one of the most important elements in living organisms and similarly zinc derived compounds have attracted much attention because of their applications in various fields like agricultural, medicinal, industrial, etc. These nanoparticles have piezoelectric, semiconducting, photocatalytic activities, and very high surface area. Also, they possess the unique property of being biodegradable and biocompatible. To synthesize the pure ZnO nanoparticles, zinc nitrate hexahydrate [Zn(NO3)2.6H20] is used as the precursor. Sol-gel can be done either in an aqueous or non-aqueous medium. But in this work, the ZnO nanoparticles are prepared in the aqueous medium (i.e in water) at room temperature. The prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles are characterized using X-ray diffraction to determine their crystallinity and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to study the morphology of the sample.
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5

Januskevicius, Justinas, Zivile Stankeviciute, Dalis Baltrunas, Kęstutis Mažeika, Aldona Beganskiene, and Aivaras Kareiva. "Aqueous Sol-Gel Synthesis of Different Iron Ferrites: From 3D to 2D." Materials 14, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 1554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061554.

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In this study, an aqueous sol-gel synthesis method and subsequent dip-coating technique were applied for the preparation of yttrium iron garnet (YIG), yttrium iron perovskite (YIP), and terbium iron perovskite (TIP) bulk and thin films. The monophasic highly crystalline different iron ferrite powders have been synthesized using this simple aqueous sol-gel process displaying the suitability of the method. In the next step, the same sol-gel solution was used for the fabrication of coatings on monocrystalline silicon (100) using a dip-coating procedure. This resulted, likely due to substrate surface influence, in all coatings having mixed phases of both garnet and perovskite. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of the precursor gels was carried out. All the samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The coatings were also investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Magnetic measurements were also carried out.
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6

Tkachenko, S. S., V. O. Yemelyanov, and K. V. Martynov. "Dependence of the fractality of the silica gel on the method of sol emulsification." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-3-88-90.

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The article presents experimental data confirming the effect of capillary active substance (surfactants) and sedimentation stability on the final structure of the gel with stabilized silicic acid. Studies of the macrostructure of silica gel depending on the method of emulsifi ation of silicic acid sol and the effect of the resulting fractality on the strength of the mold are presented.The direction of modifying the binder for lost‑wax casting (LWC) with obtaining the specified properties of the ceramic shell is shown.The complex effect of organic polymers on the sol – gel system has been established. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using an aqueous dispersion of acrylic to form a given structure of a silica gel.
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7

Jo, Hye-Soo, Hyeonjin Kim, and Seog-Young Yoon. "Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Aluminum Silicate and Its Adsorption for Pb (II) Ions and Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solution." Materials 15, no. 10 (May 16, 2022): 3562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15103562.

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Aluminum silicate powder was prepared using two different syntheses: (1) co-precipitation and (2) two-step sol-gel method. All synthesized powders were characterized by various techniques including XRD, FE-SEM, FT-IR, BET, porosimeter, and zetasizer. The particle morphology of the synthesized aluminum silicate powder was greatly different depending on the synthesis. The synthesized aluminum silicate powder by co-precipitation had a low specific surface area (158 m2/g) and the particle appeared to have a sharp edge, as though in a glassy state. On the other hand, synthesized aluminum silicate powder by the two-step sol-gel method had a mesoporous structure and a large specific surface area (430 m2/g). The aluminum silicate powders as adsorbents were characterized for their adsorption behavior towards Pb (II) ions and methylene blue in an aqueous solution performed in a batch adsorption experiment. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb (II) ions and methylene blue onto the two-step sol-gel method powder were over four-times and seven-times higher than that of the co-precipitation powder, respectively. These results show that the aluminum silicate powder synthesized with a two-step sol-gel method using ammonia can be a potential adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions and organic dyes from an aqueous solution.
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8

Guo, Qing Zhong, Bo Mei, Ying Wen Xue, Li Ang Li, Jiang Yu Wu, and Guo Ping Yan. "Synthesis of a Silica Material with Surface Macroporous Arrays by a Template Method." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.636.

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Materials with defined porous structures have drawn considerate attention for decades. Most of these materials display similar porous structure within the entity. Sometimes materials with different surface and internal structures would be appreciated. In the present study, a microporous silica material with surface macroporous arrays was prepared by a sol-gel technique combined with a template method. The sol was prepared via hydrolysis of tetraethoxylsilane by hydrochloric acid. To this sol, monodispersed, hydrophobic polystyrene spheres were added. By ultrasonication, the spheres floated and assembled to regular arrays on the aqueous sol surface. At low temperature, the sol was gradually gelated, which froze the spheres in-situ. By washing with toluene, the polystyrene spheres were dissolved, leaving aligned arrays on the surface of the gel. The macropores can be easily controlled by selecting particles with suitable sizes. The material would find application in catalysis, sensor and adsorption.
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9

Li, Jianjun, Xiuling Jiao, and Dairong Chen. "Preparation of Zirconia Fibers via a Simple Aqueous Sol‐Gel Method." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 28, no. 4 (April 2007): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932690701277120.

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10

Lu, S. X., and Y. C. Liu. "Intense luminescence of amorphous Eu2O3 prepared by aqueous sol–gel method." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 353, no. 11-12 (May 2007): 1037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.01.015.

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11

Baiju, K. V., P. Periyat, P. Shajesh, W. Wunderlich, K. A. Manjumol, V. S. Smitha, K. B. Jaimy, and K. G. K. Warrier. "Mesoporous gadolinium doped titania photocatalyst through an aqueous sol–gel method." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 505, no. 1 (August 2010): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.06.028.

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12

Mei, Quan Jing, Cong Ying Li, Jing Dong Guo, Gui Wang, and Hai Tao Wu. "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Nano-Crystalline ZnTiO3 Powders by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3741.

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The ecandrewsite-type ZnTiO3was successfully synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using TiO2dioxide and zinc nitrate as starting materials instead of expensive organic solvent and metal alkoxides. The as-prepared nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The results showed that the calcination process of gel consisted of a series of oxidation and combustion reactions, accompanied by significantly exothermal effects. Highly reactive nanosized ZnTiO3powders were successfully obtained at 850 °C with particle size ~50 nm. By comparison, the aqueous sol-gel process was the most effective and least expensive technique used for the preparation of ZnTiO3nanopowders.
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13

WU, H. T., C. H. YANG, W. B. WU, and Y. L. YUE. "STUDY ON SYNTHESIS AND EVOLUTION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Mg4Ta2O9 BY AQUEOUS SOL–GEL PROCESS." Surface Review and Letters 19, no. 03 (June 2012): 1250024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x12500242.

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Nanosized and highly reactive Mg4Ta2O9 were successfully synthesized by aqueous sol–gel method compared with conventional solid-state method. Ta-Mg-citric acid solution was first formed and then evaporated resulting in a dry gel for calcination in the temperature ranging from 600°C to 800°C for crystallization in oxygen atmosphere. The crystallization process from the gel to crystalline Mg4Ta2O9 was identified by thermal analysis and phase evolution of powders was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique during calcinations. Particle size and morphology were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM). The results revealed that sol–gel process showed great advantages over conventional solid-state method and Mg4Ta2O9 nanopowders with the size of 20–30 nm were obtained at 800°C.
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14

Venkatesan, Arumugam, Nagamuthu Raja Krishna Chandar, Arumugam Kandasamy, Madhu Karl Chinnu, Kalusalingam Nagappan Marimuthu, Rangasamy Mohan Kumar, and Ramasamy Jayavel. "Luminescence and electrochemical properties of rare earth (Gd, Nd) doped V2O5 nanostructures synthesized by a non-aqueous sol–gel route." RSC Advances 5, no. 28 (2015): 21778–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra14542a.

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15

Khore, Supriya K., Navya Vani Tellabati, Sanjay K. Apte, Sonali D. Naik, Prashant Ojha, Bharat B. Kale, and Ravindra S. Sonawane. "Green sol–gel route for selective growth of 1D rutile N–TiO2: a highly active photocatalyst for H2 generation and environmental remediation under natural sunlight." RSC Advances 7, no. 52 (2017): 33029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra01648d.

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16

Qu, Qishu, and Zuli Gu. "Facile synthesis of hierarchical MCM-41 spheres with an ultrahigh surface area and their application for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions." Anal. Methods 6, no. 5 (2014): 1397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ay41593g.

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17

Chen, X. F., J. Li, T. T. Feng, Y. S. Jiang, X. H. Zhang, H. T. Wu, and Y. L. Yue. "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Nano-Crystalline Zn2SiO4 Powders by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process." Key Engineering Materials 538 (January 2013): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.538.193.

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The willemite-type Zn2SiO4 was successfully synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using Si sols dioxide and zinc nitrate as starting materials instead of expensive organic solvent and metal alkoxides. The as-prepared nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The results showed that the calcination process of gel consisted of a series of oxidation and combustion reactions, accompanied by significantly exothermal effects. Highly reactive nanosized Zn2SiO4 powders were successfully obtained at 800 °C with particle size ~100 nm. By comparison, the aqueous sol-gel process was the most effective and least expensive technique used for the preparation of Zn2SiO4 nanopowders.
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18

Fu, Huiqin, Xingeng Ding, Chunrong Ren, Wenqi Li, Huating Wu, and Hui Yang. "Preparation of magnetic porous NiFe2O4/SiO2 composite xerogels for potential application in adsorption of Ce(iv) ions from aqueous solution." RSC Advances 7, no. 27 (2017): 16513–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27219c.

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19

Wang, Guoqiao, Jiawei Wang, Tian Yu, Xin Guo, and Yao Chen. "Efficient removal of humic acid in water using a novel TiO2 composite with biochar doping." RSC Advances 12, no. 49 (2022): 31966–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra05358f.

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20

Vinogradov, Alexandr V., Al'ena V. Ermakova, Mikhail F. Butman, Evamarie Hey-Hawkins, and Vladimir V. Vinogradov. "A facile sol–gel synthesis of impurity-free nanocrystalline titania." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 22 (2014): 10614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp00969j.

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A low-temperature ultrasonic-assisted method is used to prepare nanocrystalline TiO2 sol–gel materials from hydrolysis products of titanium isopropoxide in aqueous medium with no addition of modifying agents.
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21

Mei, Quan Jing, Cong Ying Li, Jing Dong Guo, Gui Wang, and Hai Tao Wu. "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Complex Perovskite Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 Nano-Powders by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3737.

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The complex perovskite Ba (Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3was successfully synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using niobium pentoxide, nitrate barium and zinc nitrate as starting materials instead of expensive organic solvent and metal alkoxides. The as-prepared nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The results showed that the calcination process of gel consisted of a series of oxidation and combustion reactions, accompanied by significantly exothermal effects. Highly reactive nanosized Ba (Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3powders were successfully obtained at 850 °C with particle size ~100 nm. By comparison, the aqueous sol-gel process was the most effective and least expensive technique used for the preparation of Ba (Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3nanopowders.
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22

Karmaoui, Mohamed, David M. Tobaldi, Andrijana Sever Skapin Andrijana Sever Skapin, Robert C. Pullar, Maria P. Seabra, João A. Labrincha, and Vitor S. Amaral. "Non-aqueous sol–gel synthesis through a low-temperature solvothermal process of anatase showing visible-light photocatalytic activity." RSC Adv. 4, no. 87 (2014): 46762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra07214f.

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23

Bartwal, K. S., S. Kar, N. Kaithwas, M. Deshmukh, M. Dave, N. P. Lalla, and H. Ryu. "Synthesis and Characterization of Y3Al5O12 Nanocrystals." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.667.

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Y3Al5O12 (YAG) is one of the important and extensively used solid state laser host materials. YAG nanocrystals were synthesized by low temperature glycol method. This is a modified sol–gel method performed at low temperature that consists of a mixture of salts, mostly nitrates in an aqueous media. Single phase nanocrystalline YAG was obtained at 850 °C, which is lower temperature compared to the other methods such as wet-chemical method. This is however, little higher than the material made by alkoxide sol–gel process. The structural characterization is done by powder XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. The crystallite sizes range from 20-50 nm for the materials prepared at 850- 950 °C.
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24

Kim, Gyuhyeon, Dae Sung Lee, Harry Eccles, Su Min Kim, Hyun Uk Cho, and Jong Moon Park. "Selective strontium adsorption using synthesized sodium titanate in aqueous solution." RSC Advances 12, no. 29 (2022): 18936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra02494b.

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Amorphous sodium titanates were synthesized using a mid-temperature sol–gel method for evaluation as selective adsorbents of strontium in the presence of cesium or metal cations (Al3+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Mn2+) from aqueous solution.
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25

Du, Xianfeng, Youlong Xu, Hanxiao Ma, Jie Wang, and Xifei Li. "Synthesis and Characterization of Bismuth Titanate by an Aqueous Sol?Gel Method." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 90, no. 5 (May 2007): 1382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01548.x.

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26

Du, Xianfeng, Youlong Xu, Hanxiao Ma, Jie Wang, and Xifei Li. "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Bismuth Titanate by an Aqueous Sol-Gel Method." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 91, no. 7 (July 2008): 2079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02014.x.

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27

Shojaie-Bahaabad, M., and E. Taheri-Nassaj. "Economical synthesis of nano alumina powder using an aqueous sol–gel method." Materials Letters 62, no. 19 (July 2008): 3364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2008.03.012.

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28

Seraiche, M., L. Guerbous, M. Kechouane, A. Potdevin, G. Chadeyron, and R. Mahiou. "VUV excited luminescence of Gd0.9Eu0.1BO3 nanophosphor prepared by aqueous sol-gel method." Journal of Luminescence 192 (December 2017): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.07.012.

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29

Periyat, P., F. Laffir, S. A. M. Tofail, and E. Magner. "A facile aqueous sol–gel method for high surface area nanocrystalline CeO2." RSC Advances 1, no. 9 (2011): 1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1ra00524c.

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30

Abdul Aziz, Nur Azilina, Tuti Katrina Abdullah, and Ahmad Azmin Mohamad. "Synthesis of LiCoO2 via sol-gel method for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries." Ionics 24, no. 2 (July 19, 2017): 403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2225-4.

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31

Manjumol, K. A., S. Sankar, Balagopal N. Nair, M. Midhun, Peer A. Mohamed, and K. G. K. Warrier. "A novel approach to formulate high flux multifunctional ultrafiltration membranes from photocatalytic titania composite precursors on multi-channel tubular substrates." RSC Advances 6, no. 63 (2016): 58813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14117j.

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Anatase rich titanium dioxide ultrafiltration membranes with high filtration rates have been successfully developed on multi-channel tubular alumina substrates via aqueous sol–gel method from titania–alumina composite precursors.
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32

Wang, Yan, Xuan Luo, Longfei Zhang, Shuai Zhang, and Lin Zhang. "A reversible, colorimetric, pH-responsive indole-based hydrogel and its application in urea detection." RSC Advances 9, no. 42 (2019): 24299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra03815a.

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33

Chen, Hsiang-Chen, Hung-Chi Chou, Jeffrey C. S. Wu, and Hsin-Yu Lin. "Sol-gel prepared InTaO4 and its photocatalytic characteristics." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 5 (May 2008): 1364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0172.

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InTaO4 is an efficient visible-light photocatalyst, which used to be synthesized by solid-state fusion at over 1100 °C. However, irregular morphology and severe agglomeration of particles were acquired due to nonuniform fusion of solid precursors. In this study, InTaO4 was synthesized by two sol-gel routes, the thermal hydrolysis and esterification methods. The precursors were indium (III) nitrate pentahydrate [In(NO3)3] and tantalum(V) butoxide [Ta(OC4H9)5] dissolved in solutions. The InTaO4 powders with a uniform grain size of 17.7 nm were successfully synthesized using the esterification method at a calcination temperature of 950 °C. A uniform InTaO4 thin film nearly 40 nm thick formed on an optical fiber at 1100 °C using the sol prepared by the esterification method. For the first time, InTaO4 was evaluated by the photocatalytic activity of CO2 photo reduction, which was conducted in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. Cocatalyst NiO was loaded on the surface of InTaO4 to further enhance the methanol yield. The methanol yields of NiO/InTaO4 by esterification method were significantly higher than those by solid-state fusion. The esterification method provided homogeneous mixing of Ta(OC4H9)5 and In(NO3)3, resulting in nano-sized InTaO4 with uniform crystallinity and superior photocatalytic activity.
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Chen, Tingjie, Min Niu, Xiaodong Wang, Wei Wei, Jinghong Liu, and Yongqun Xie. "Synthesis and characterization of poly-aluminum silicate sulphate (PASS) for ultra-low density fiberboard (ULDF)." RSC Advances 5, no. 113 (2015): 93187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13996a.

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35

Lazareva, S. V., N. V. Shikina, L. E. Tatarova, and Z. R. Ismagilov. "Synthesis of High-Purity Silica Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Method." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 19, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj677.

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Colloidal silica (silica sol) nanoparticles were synthesized by ammonia- and hydrochloric acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane with subsequent condensation and polymerization. Silica particles with the size of 12‒160 nm were obtained at different temperatures and ratios of the initial reactants and studied by means of TEM, AFM, IR spectroscopy and zeta-potential measurements. The reaction conditions providing the minimum particle size in the final product of the most complete hydrolysis were determined. At pH above 8.5, an increase in the SiO2 content of the sol to 23 wt.% did not change the particle size. At a low (~ 1.8 wt.%) SiO2 content of the sol, a wide variation in pH also did not exert a significant effect on the particle size. Stability of the silica sols synthesized in an alkaline medium was enhanced by the replacement of alcohol with water during evaporation at pH 8.5‒9.5. The possibility to produce silica sols with the required characteristics (particle size, pH, stability, purity, and SiO2 content in an aqueous or alcohol medium) makes them applicable in various industries.
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Mu, Yanguang, Cong Huang, Haipu Li, Leilei Chen, Ding Zhang, and Zhaoguang Yang. "Electrochemical degradation of ciprofloxacin with a Sb-doped SnO2 electrode: performance, influencing factors and degradation pathways." RSC Advances 9, no. 51 (2019): 29796–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra04860j.

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Sb-doped SnO2 electrodes with different coating times were prepared by an optimum sol–gel method and the application on the electrocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution were investigated.
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37

Duan, Wenyuan, Mingshu Zhao, Yusuke Mizuta, Yanlin Li, Tong Xu, Fei Wang, Toshihiro Moriga, and Xiaoping Song. "Superior electrochemical performance of a novel LiFePO4/C/CNTs composite for aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 4 (2020): 1953–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp06042a.

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Olivine LiFePO4 covered flocculent carbon layers wrapped with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) prepared by sol–gel method and calcination is used as the cathode material for aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs).
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38

Kobayashi, Yoshio, Yusuke Mabuchi, Masachika Hama, Katsumi Yamamura, Yusuke Yasuda, and Toshiaki Morita. "Effects of Seeding with Nanocrystallites and Addition of Inorganic Alumina Sol on Crystallization of Alkoxide Alumina Gel." Key Engineering Materials 697 (July 2016): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.697.12.

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This paper reports a method for producing α-Al2O3 at low temperature from aluminum alkoxide using a combination of seeding of α-Al2O3 nanocryatallites and adding of inorganic alumina sol. An alkoxide alumina sol was obtained by hydrolyzing aluminum isopropoxide in water at 80°C and then peptizing the hydrolyzed aluminum isopropoxide using acetic acid at 80°C. An inorganic alumina sol was obtained by producing aluminum compound with a homogeneous precipitation method using aluminum nitrate and urea in aqueous solution and then peptizing the aluminum compound using acetic acid at room temperature. α-Al2O3 nanocrystallites were added to the alkoxide alumina sol containing the inorganic alumina sol. The addition of inorganic alumina sol provided successful fabrication of a crack-free α-Al2O3-seded alumina film by a spin-coating technique. The sol containing α-Al2O3 nanocrystallites was transformed to an α-Al2O3-seeded alumina gel by drying the sol at room temperature. The non-seeded alumina gel was crystallized into γ-Al2O3 at a temperature below 900°C. In contrast, the alumina seeded at 1% α-Al2O3 nanocrystallites content began to be transformed to α-Al2O3 by annealing at the temperature. The seeding and the adding promoted crystallization of the alumina gel into α-Al2O3. The promotion of crystallization was significant with an increase in α-Al2O3 nanocrystallites content by weight in the final seeded alumina gel.
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39

Davidova, Olga I., Anton S. Kraev, Olga L. Evdokimova, Tatyana V. Gerasimova, and Alexander V. Agafonov. "SOLUTION METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE MULTILAYER TITANIUM DIOXIDE -NANOSILVER COATINGS ONTO POLYETHER SUBSTRATE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 59, no. 6 (July 12, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.20165906.5394k.

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Photochromic multilayer TiO2/Ag/TiO2 coating was prepared on plastic PET substrate using a solution method. The titanium dioxide sol was successfully produced using the titanium tetraisopropoxide as precursor and the nitric acid as peptizing agent via the low-temperature sol-gel synthesis in aqueous medium. Titanium dioxide films were prepared by a sol-gel dip coating method from a colloid solution of nanocrystalline TiO2 sol. Thus, nanocrystalline titanium dioxide sol and an aqueous solution of silver complex [Ag(NH3)2]NO3 followed by a photolysis for the reduction of silver ions to Ag nanoparticles with a plasmon resonance have been alternately deposited layer-by-layer. In result, heterostructures possessing photochromic properties were formed. The TiO2/Ag/TiO2 coating was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscope (AFM) with different resolutions. The TiO2 crystal phase formed during temperature dehydration possesses high photoactivity as the generated nanoparticles size of about 10 nm is an optimum for the most effective absorption of a light quantum and the generation of electron–hole pairs on the surface. It was found the use of silver nanoparticles also promotes an increase in the photoactivity of a film owing to larger water adsorption on the surface of a composite due to the nanoparticle surface effect, which is promoted by a high concentration of the photogenerated holes whose presence is confirmed by composite conductivity type. Thus, the photochromic multilayer TiO2/Ag/TiO2 coating described in this work are expected to find important applications to the fabrication of photochromic materials, optical filters or sensors.
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40

Kumar, Upendra, Jawed Ansaree, and Shail Upadhyay. "Structural and optical characterizations of BaSnO3 nanopowder synthesized by aqueous sol-gel method." Processing and Application of Ceramics 11, no. 3 (2017): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac1703177k.

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Precursor gel for preparation of nanocrystalline BaSnO3 powder was synthesised by aqueous sol-gel method using Ba(OH)2 ? 8H2O and Na2SnO3 ? 3H2O as raw materials. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analyses of the raw materials, precursor gel and a mechanical mixture of raw materials were carried out to understand the mechanisms involved in the formation of the single phase BaSnO3. Based on the thermal analysis, the precursor gel was calcined at 400, 800 and 1400?C for 4 h to obtain pure phase BaSnO3 powder. X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder calcined at 1400?C was refined for atomic coordinate, lattice parameter (a = 4.1117(2)?) and occupancies using Rietveld refinement analysis. The average crystallite size calculated from the Scherrer formula is ~35 nm. Transmission electron micrograph of the powders confirmed that particle sizes are in range of 20-40 nm. The phase purity of the powder calcined at 1400?C was further examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Optical properties of the BaSnO3 powder were studied by UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The band gap energy (3.09 eV) obtained from the Tauc plot confirmed the semiconductor nature of the powder. The CIE coordinate corresponding to PL spectrum exhibited an intense emission in the visible region.
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41

Duan, Wenyuan, Mingshu Zhao, Junfang Shen, Suixin Zhao, and Xiaoping Song. "Superior lithium-ion insertion/extraction properties of a novel LiFePO4/C/graphene material used as a cathode in aqueous solution." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 36 (2017): 12019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt02341c.

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Herein, olivine LiFePO4covered with graphene and carbon layers is preparedviaa sol–gel method, followed by calcination, and the resultant composite is used as a cathode material in aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs).
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42

Khore, Supriya K., Sunil R. Kadam, Sonali D. Naik, Bharat B. Kale, and Ravindra S. Sonawane. "Solar light active plasmonic Au@TiO2 nanocomposite with superior photocatalytic performance for H2 production and pollutant degradation." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 13 (2018): 10958–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj01410h.

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43

Wang, Ce, Yahong Zhang, Yunfeng Lu, and Yen Wei. "A novel bulk sol-gel process to prepare monolithic silica materials." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 10 (October 1999): 4098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0553.

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A bulk sol-gel process has been developed to prepare monolithic silica materials at room temperature. The process involves an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate in tetrahydrofuran containing aqueous HC1 catalyst, followed by neutralization with carbonate salts, extraction with aliphatic nonpolar solvents, molding, gelation, and drying. This method shortens the processing time from weeks for the conventional sol-gel process to several days. The silica objects prepared from the process are transparent, crack-free, and of relatively low volume shrinkage (e.g., 52%) and high silica content (e.g., 82%).
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44

Liang, Ruixue, and Hua Zou. "Removal of aqueous Hg(ii) by thiol-functionalized nonporous silica microspheres prepared by one-step sol–gel method." RSC Advances 10, no. 31 (2020): 18534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02759f.

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45

Cherepivska, Maria K., and Roman V. Prihod’ko. "Sol-Gel Synthesized Semiconductor Oxides in Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol." ISRN Physical Chemistry 2014 (January 5, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/724095.

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Effectiveness of photocatalytic degradation of phenol in aqueous solution using semiconductor oxides (SO) prepared by a sol-gel method was examined. The physical and chemical properties of synthesized catalysts were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy (DRS), and N2-adsorption measurements. The optimal conditions of the photocatalytic degradation of phenol using prepared titanium dioxide sample were defined.
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46

Inoue, Kazuhiro, Masachika Hama, Yoshio Kobayashi, Yusuke Yasuda, and Toshiaki Morita. "Low Temperature Synthesis of α-Alumina with a Seeding Technique." ISRN Ceramics 2013 (November 5, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/317830.

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This paper reports a method for producing α-Al2O3 at low temperature, which uses a seeding technique. White precipitate of aluminum hydroxide, which was prepared with a homogeneous precipitation method using aluminum nitrate and urea in aqueous solution, was peptized by using acetic acid at room temperature and then transformed to a transparent alumina sol. To the alumina sol α-Al2O3 particles were added as a seed, and then the sol containing α-Al2O3 particles was transformed to an α-Al2O3-seeded alumina gel by drying the sol at room temperature. The nonseeded alumina gel was amorphous or fine crystallites even after being annealed at 600°C and was crystallized to γ-Al2O3 at 700°C. The α-Al2O3 seeding promoted crystallization of alumina gel to α-Al2O3. The promotion of crystallization was made remarkable with a decrease in α-Al2O3 particle size and an increase in α-Al2O3 particle content in weight for the final seeded alumina gel. With an α-Al2O3 particle size of 150 nm and an α-Al2O3 particle content of 5%, the seeded alumina gel was partially crystallized to α-Al2O3 by annealing at a temperature as low as 700°C and mostly at 900°C.
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47

Gupta, Munish, Manik Gupta, Anu, R. K. Mudsainiyan, and B. S. Randhawa. "Aqueous Ammonia as ‘CPCA’ in Sol-gel Combustion Method for Nanofabrication of CdFe2O4." Materials Today: Proceedings 3, no. 2 (2016): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016.01.076.

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48

Sankar, Sasidharan, Krishna Gopakumar Warrier, and Rajesh Komban. "High surface area neodymium phosphate nano particles by modified aqueous sol–gel method." Materials Research Bulletin 46, no. 12 (December 2011): 2373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2011.08.050.

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49

Nenartaviciene, Giedre, Aldona Beganskiene, Stasys Tautkus, Darius Jasaitis, and Aivaras Kareiva. "Chromium substitution effects in Y-124 superconductor prepared by aqueous sol–gel method." Chemical Physics 332, no. 2-3 (February 2007): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.12.001.

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50

Shimizu, Youichi, Satoko Michishita, and Takahiro Murata. "Preparation of Sodium Ionic Conductor Based on Sol-Gel Method Using Aqueous Solution." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 34, Part 2, No. 7A (July 1, 1995): L833—L836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.34.l833.

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