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1
Nightingale, John, Marie Dickens, and Don Vincent. "Aquariums: Some of the Reasons Why They Work So Well." Marine Technology Society Journal 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533201787997872.
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The number and diversity of aquarium display facilities has grown considerably in the past few years. This is, in part, because the aquarium operating model has allowed a certain economic independence. This article examines the enhanced revenue earning potential of aquariums. It compares aquarium financial factors with zoos and other cultural organizations, which normally require an annual government contribution for operations. As an industry, aquariums have considerable drawing power, are smaller in size when compared to zoos and are efficient to operate. These factors contribute to financial viability—an important element in sustaining modern aquarium's work in public education, research and conservation. As the number and diversity of Aquariums grows, more people are exposed to the underwater world and its many conservation issues. Aquariums do not limit their audience to the experts, they allow anyone to experience and learn about the oceans, rivers and streams of the world. To meet future demands, the financial sustainability of aquariums must be continually strengthened to ensure continued future public awareness.
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Stephen, Craig, Laura Griffith-Cochrane, and Joy Wade. "Addressing the unique challenges of community-based capture–hold–release aquariums through a facility health program." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 9 (September 2019): 1684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0425.
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Community-based capture–hold–release (CHR) aquariums were developed to (i) increase community connection to local marine environments by displaying local animals, (ii) avoid negative perceptions about holding animals by minimizing the time any individual is held captive, and (iii) operate with a low ecological footprint. CHR aquariums in British Columbia, Canada, require government-issued licences and permits to capture, hold, and release animals, a condition of which is that neither capture nor release can result in negative ecological, genetic, or disease impacts on wild populations in the collecting or receiving waters. Growth in the popularity of CHR aquariums is placing them under greater scrutiny from permitting agencies. Because of variability between facilities and a lack of performance standards, CHR aquariums cannot be assured of a consistent assessment. This paper proposes a CHR Aquarium Health Program that transparently and consistently provides assurances that they are socially and ecologically safe and recognizes the unique challenges of small-scaled, often rural aquariums. The value of this approach is discussed with respect to 10 years of implementation at the Ucluelet Aquarium.
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Hennes, Tom, and Ilan Chabay. "From Looking Environment to Learning Environment: The Networked Aquarium of the 21st Century." Marine Technology Society Journal 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533201787997935.
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To live up to their goals of education and conservation, as well as to richen the visitor experience, aquariums in the 21st century must become more effective at promoting informal, inquiry-based learning within and surrounding their exhibits. We examine a number of ways of using the technology of networking to further those goals. The methods discussed fall into six broad categories of use: orientation, delivering information on demand, tailoring the experience to the individual, viewing and observing the simulated aquarium habitat, connecting simulated habitats to their wild counterparts, and extending the experience beyond the aquarium visit. Within this context, we also examine the role of graphical and robotic simulations in the aquarium. The networked aquarium concept, applied within the context of a rich variety of live exhibits and activities, has the potential to enhance visitors' primary experiences in the aquarium by making connections among successive exhibit experiences, and supporting connections between the aquarium experience and visitors' further life experiences. By enhancing such linkages, a network should foster its users' ability to build fundamental ideas in and around the aquarium setting and more easily apply them in other circumstances; the hallmark of real learning. It further allows the aquarium to attract and serve its visitors more effectively.
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Scowcroft, Gail A., Dwight F. Coleman, Jeff Hayward, and Cia Romano. "Exploring Inner Space: Engaging the Public With Ocean Scientists." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 4 (July 1, 2015): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.4.7.
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AbstractA prototype telepresence communications system was designed, piloted, and tested for use in informal science education institutions to provide public, student, and educator interactions with scientists aboard ships and in the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) Inner Space Center (ISC). In addition to providing opportunities for the engagement of scientists with diverse audiences, a goal of this initiative was to promote an appreciation and understanding of the ocean, while exposing aquarium visitors to advanced telepresence communication technologies. The project partnership was comprised of a leading ocean science research and education institution (the GSO); two national ocean science education networks—the National Centers for Ocean Sciences Education Excellence Network and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Exploration and Research Education Alliance; and two partner aquariums—Mystic Aquarium and South Carolina Aquarium. The main outcomes of the project were as follows: (1) a partnership of ocean science research and informal science education professionals that linked ocean scientists and informal science institution staff and visitors; (2) a state-of-the-art hardware and software system for partner aquariums capable of delivering live and prerecorded ocean exploration experiences to visitors; (3) professional development for informal science educators focused on educating the public and improving ocean literacy; (4) a useful and effective digital media interface and software for communicating and interacting with the ocean science content; and (5) an understanding of how live and prerecorded ocean exploration experiences affect aquarium visitor ocean literacy.
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Dawson, Patrick, Monique M. Duwell, Ruth J. Thompson, David A. Crum, David Blythe, Ruth Jacobs, Mindy G. Elrod, et al. "1430. Novel Transmission of Burkholderia pseudomallei from a Freshwater Aquarium to a Human — Maryland, 2019." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1612.
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Abstract Background Nearly all U.S. cases of melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, are associated with travel to endemic areas. In September 2019, a patient in Maryland with no international travel history developed melioidosis and whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the patient’s clinical isolate showed it clustered most closely with isolates from Southeast Asia. CDC and Maryland Department of Health (MDH) investigated possible sources of B. pseudomallei exposure to identify the source and route of transmission and evaluate risk to others. Methods MDH interviewed the patient and household members during October–December 2019. In consultation with CDC, MDH conducted environmental sampling of the patient’s home including drains, faucets, potted and ground soil, imported products, and two freshwater aquariums. Samples were tested for B. pseudomallei at CDC by PCR and culture. B. pseudomallei isolates underwent WGS and were analyzed along with a reference panel of geographically diverse, publicly available genomes. Results Three environmental samples, all from aquarium #2, were positive for B. pseudomallei. These isolates matched the patient’s clinical isolate by WGS, suggesting the aquarium was the source of exposure. According to interviews, the patient set up both aquariums in July 2019 and all the fish in aquarium #2 died in August 2019. The patient recalled reaching her bare hands and arms into the aquarium in August 2019, one month prior to illness onset. Conclusion This investigation led to the first documentation of transmission of B. pseudomallei from a freshwater aquarium to a human. Many freshwater ornamental fish are imported from Southeast Asia, so this newly recognized transmission route may have significant implications for the freshwater aquatics trade. Further investigations are underway at the retail location that sold the fish and the commercial vendors that supplied the freshwater animals and plants imported from Southeast Asia. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Braverman, Irus. "Fish Encounters." Humanimalia 11, no. 1 (September 12, 2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9476.
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The extensive body of social science and humanities scholarship on zoos rarely discusses aquariums. Despite their independent historical trajectory and unique characteristics and challenges, aquariums are typically considered the younger sister to the more established terrestrial zoo institutions. This article is an initial exploration of modern public aquariums through the eyes of these institutions’ veterinarians, a small but rapidly growing, and quite influential, professional cohort. Drawing on in-depth interviews with a handful of aquarium veterinarians in various sites — including the United States, Canada, Israel, Portugal, Denmark, and Germany — the article documents some of the everyday challenges that these medical practitioners face when attempting to manage the health and wellbeing of captive marine animals. Their feet in several worlds, aquarium veterinarians must balance their medical training and animal welfare sensibilities with the specific nature of the aquatic animals under their care, and also with the understanding of their evolving responsibilities toward ocean conservation. For these professionals, the rights-welfare-conservation approaches to animal care are not abstract ideas but rather real-life situations that dictate their actual modes of practice in caring for marine animals. This can only be an initial study and thus highlights the need for additional scholarly work in the social sciences and humanities on aquariums, their wet forms of life, and the challenges— as well as the opportunities — that their management poses to the human caretakers of this space. This scholarly need is especially acute in light of the declining state of extant species and ecosystems in the world’s seas. Public aquariums and their veterinarians will arguably perform increasingly important roles in the conservation of our blue planet.
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Rauw, Wendy M., Luis A. García-Cortés, Morris Villarroel, and Luis Gomez-Raya. "Short communication: Response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to mirror images." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 15, no. 1 (April 20, 2017): e05SC02. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2017151-10136.
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The response of cultured rainbow trout to their mirrored image was investigated. Thirty fish were placed individually in two novel aquariums consecutively for 10 min each. Walls in one aquarium were covered with mirrors on all four sides, whereas the walls of the other aquarium were non-transparent black. Because all four walls were covered with mirrors, the mirrored image of the fish was reproduced multiple times such that ‘a group’ of fish was created surrounding the individual. Half of the fish started in the aquarium with the mirrors, whereas the other half started in the mirrorless aquarium. Fish swim faster in the aquarium with mirrors than in the mirrorless aquarium (2.95 vs. 2.40 cm/s; p < 0.01), indicating a positive behavioural response towards their mirrored images. Fish did not show aggressive interactions towards their mirrored images. Being confronted with ‘a group’ of fish and not just one ‘opponent’ may have inhibited aggressive behavior, or individuals may not have considered the images to be fellow individuals. Fish that swam faster in the mirrorless aquarium also did so in the aquarium with mirrors (r = 0.73; p < 0.0001), indicating a persistent behavioural coping response (boldness) in response to the two novel environments. Mirrors may be used to influence social behaviour of fish in aquaculture; further research is needed to investigate the influence of mirror placement in tanks of group housed trout on growth and behaviour.
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Wyffels, Jennifer T., Robert George, Lance Adams, Cayman Adams, Tonya Clauss, Alisa Newton, Michael W. Hyatt, Christopher Yach, and Linda M. Penfold. "Testosterone and semen seasonality for the sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus†." Biology of Reproduction 102, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 876–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioz221.
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Abstract Understanding the fundamental reproductive biology of a species is the first step toward identifying parameters that are critical for reproduction and for the development of assisted reproductive techniques. Ejaculates were collected from aquarium (n = 24) and in situ (n = 34) sand tiger sharks Carcharias taurus. Volume, pH, osmolarity, sperm concentration, motility, status, morphology, and plasma membrane integrity were assessed for each ejaculate. Semen with the highest proportion of motile sperm was collected between April and June for both in situ and aquarium sand tiger sharks indicating a seasonal reproductive cycle. Overall, 17 of 30 semen samples collected from aquarium sharks from April through June contained motile sperm compared to 29 of 29 of in situ sharks, demonstrating semen quality differences between aquarium and in situ sharks. Sperm motility, status, morphology, and plasma membrane integrity were significantly higher (P < 0.05) for in situ compared to aquarium sand tiger sharks. Testosterone was measured by an enzyme immunoassay validated for the species. Testosterone concentration was seasonal for both aquarium and in situ sharks with highest concentrations measured in spring and lowest in summer. In situ sharks had higher (P < 0.05) testosterone concentration in spring than aquarium sharks. This study demonstrated annual reproduction with spring seasonality for male sand tiger sharks through marked seasonal differences in testosterone and semen production. Lower testosterone and poorer semen quality was observed in aquarium sharks likely contributing to the species’ limited reproductive success in aquariums.
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PEDREIRA, Marcelo Mattos, Antônio Jessey de Abreu TESSITORE, Aldrin Vieira PIRES, Martinho de Almeida SILVA, and Marianne SCHORER. "Substrates for biofilter in recirculating system in Nile tilapia larviculture production." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 17, no. 3 (September 2016): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402016000300020.
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SUMMARY Recirculating water system (RAS), provide to reduce water usage and to improve the quality by nutrient recycling, so biofilters are used to reduce ammonia concentrations by oxidation to nitrate, by nitrifying-bacteria. Biological filters have been utilized to maintain acceptable water parameters to larvae and juveniles, by decreasing ammonia concentrations. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate different substrates for aquarium biofilter on performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae, and water quality. One-thousand-two-hundred Nile tilapia larvae (initial length = 11.6 ± 0.82 mm; body weight (BW) =189.0 ± 0.44mg) were randomly allotted into one of twenty 6-L aquariums (60 larvae aquarium-1) with five different biofilter (4 aquariums each biofilter): (1) control, no substrate; (2) seashell-and granitic crushed stone-substrate; (3) granitic crushed stone substrate; (4) quartz gravel substrate; and (5) porcelain-substrate. The conductivity, turbidity, pH, nitrate, nitrite and ammonia values indicate that seashell and granitic crushed-stone, and porcelain-substrates had greater process of biofiltration effectiveness. Water oxygen did not differ among treatments, with all levels within the benchmark for the tilapia larvae. Fishes reared in aquarium with quartz gravel-and porcelain substrate fishes had greater BW, total and standard length compared with its from other substrates. Porcelain-substrate biofilter is indicated for tilapia larviculture due to improved weight and length and water quality.
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Malamud, Randy, Ron Broglio, Lori Marino, Scott O. Lilienfeld, and Nathan Nobis. "Do Zoos and Aquariums Promote Attitude Change in Visitors? A Critical Evaluation of the American Zoo and Aquarium Study." Society & Animals 18, no. 2 (2010): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853010x491980.
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AbstractModern-day zoos and aquariums market themselves as places of education and conservation. A recent study conducted by the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) (Falk et al., 2007) is being widely heralded as the first direct evidence that visits to zoos and aquariums produce long-term positive effects on people’s attitudes toward other animals. In this paper, we address whether this conclusion is warranted by analyzing the study’s methodological soundness. We conclude that Falk et al. (2007) contains at least six major threats to methodological validity that undermine the authors’ conclusions. There remains no compelling evidence for the claim that zoos and aquariums promote attitude change, education, or interest in conservation in visitors, although further investigation of this possibility using methodologically sophisticated designs is warranted.
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Mohd Isa, Salmi, and Lizana Ramli. "Factors influencing tourist visitation in marine tourism: lessons learned from FRI Aquarium Penang, Malaysia." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 8, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-04-2013-0016.
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Purpose – To establish tourist visitation to new tourism areas is in most cases dependent on tourists' behavior. Indeed, tourist visitation is considered among the primary components of the marine tourism operation. Such behavior is usually enacted in the form of destination awareness, destination image and motivation. Word of mouth is likely to influence tourist to visit. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that may influence tourists to visit marine tourist destinations. Design/methodology/approach – The study has utilized self-administered questionnaire survey and the target population are the visitors that came to FRI Aquarium. The survey period was from August 2012 to September 2012. Total of 179 responses were collected during this period. Findings – This study demonstrates that destination awareness, motivation and WOM are factors that influence the tourist to visit the FRI Aquarium. Interestingly, destination image however, has shown insignificant relationship with tourist visitation. WOM also found to be has a full mediating effect for awareness towards tourist visitation. For example, before visit, visitor may require some information beforehand and word of mouth is a direct medium to transfer the information. A key implication for FRI Aquarium is that it might be wise to assess such variables for their marketing strategies. Research limitations/implications – First, the sample was obtained from one marine aquarium in Malaysia. The comparative studies between aquariums are important to understand if there are any similarities and differences. It would be better to conduct the survey in other local aquariums such as the Underwater World, Langkawi and the KL Aquaria, Kuala Lumpur. Second, a longitudinal study is relevant to further investigate the factors that will influence the visitor visitation. Thus, future study should gather data from those who had visited the aquarium several times. This approach might improve the destination image results, which in this study shows insignificant relationship. That said, acknowledgements of these limitations also suggest a new direction of future research. Practical implications – FRI Aquarium is suggested to create more awareness to the public by placing an advertisement via mainstream and social media. Hence, FRI Aquarium is suggested to design environmentally marine life oriented educational programs in order to motivate and encourage more visitors to visit the place. Originality/value – In sum, this paper conjectures that an understanding of factors that influence the tourist to visit the marine tourism destination are worthy of additional research. Consequently, the findings help to understand how these factors can provide alternative sources of marketing to attract the long-term economic sustainability of the FRI Aquarium in marine tourism.
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LaBonne, David L. "Aquarium Life Support System Design Entering the Twenty-first Century." Marine Technology Society Journal 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533201787997917.
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There has not been a more dynamic period of growth in the aquarium industry than during the last two decades of the twentieth century. In 20 years, over 30 facilities were constructed in North America, Asia and Europe. A census of these facilities would show that over 50 million gallons of marine and freshwater exhibits were built to display a diverse collection of fishes, mammals, invertebrates and plants, many of which had never previously been exhibited. At the outset of this generation of aquarium building, there was limited information as to what engineering and water treatment technology might be suitable or available for the maintenance of healthy aquatic environments. In fact, such an engineering specialty did not possess a name or professional designation. The punctuated building of aquariums spurred the creation of a new breed of design specialist, the aquatic life support engineer. Initially the mechanical engineers and biologists that were in the vanguard of this new specialty had limited water quality data to develop their designs. Aquarium biologist began collecting the data and eventually forged a collaborative design relationship with engineers eager to develop new approaches for aquatic life support. Consequently, as aquariums enter the new millennium, the fundamental principles of life support design have never been more clearly defined. Simply put, the basic platform of life support design is water filtration, and the three technological pillars that support that platform are biological, chemical and mechanical.
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Pinto, Bruno. "Historical connections between early marine science research and dissemination: the case study of aquarium Vasco Da Gama (Portugal) from late 19th century to mid-20th century." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 6 (March 18, 2017): 1522–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx029.
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Abstract In the late 19th century, there was a bloom of public aquariums throughout Europe. Some of them were built for entertainment purposes, whereas others were connected to marine science stations. This article explores the origins and development of the aquarium/marine research station Vasco da Gama (Portugal) as an example of this duality. Initially, the aquarium was created in 1898 by the Portuguese Society of Geography, in a political context of national affirmation. In the first years, a deficient establishment, lack of financial resources, and scarce technical knowledge contributed for its degradation. Therefore, the Navy took over the aquarium in the early 1900s, delivering its management some years later to the Portuguese Society of Natural Sciences. After improvements and modifications, it became one of the first marine biological stations in 1919. This was important for the development of national marine science research at a time of scarce resources. Despite many years of a symbiotic relation between science research and dissemination, the demolition of part of the aquarium/marine station due to a road construction in 1940 brought issues of disequilibrium between both functions. This eventually led to the separation of aquarium and marine station in 1950. Other themes such as connections to national and international institutions are also discussed.
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VAGIANOU (ΣΤ. ΒΑΓΙΑΝΟΥ), St, C. BITCHAVA (Κ. ΜΠΙΤΧΑΒΑ), M. YAGNISI (Μ. ΓΙΑΓΝΙΣΗ), and F. ATHANASSOPOULOU (Φ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ). "Study of the biological cycle of the isopod Ceratothoa oestroides, Risso, 1836 in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 60, no. 1 (November 17, 2017): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14912.
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The aim of the present study was the investigation of the biological cycle of the isopod parasite Ceratothoa oestroides (Risso, 1836), the way of installation in the host and the study of its pathology in young individuals of gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax) raised in experimental aquariums. During the experiment, initially, 10 sea bass of marketable size (300-400gr) were collected infected with lice from the region of Chios and Epidavros. The lice were mature and gravid. The adults and their hosts were kept in 151t aquariums, with constant water of 32-33%c salinity at temperature of 21-22° C, until they would give both to young parasites. The time that parasites stayed in aquarium was three months. After three months, new hatched larvae appeared. The pulii II stage, which was responsible for the most alterations that were observed in the fish and particular in sea bass, were observed in the first week, after the hatching. In this stage, parasites swam freely in the surface of water column. At this phase, 100 parasites were transported in 2 different aquariums with the same conditions of salinity and temperature as in the first aquarium, where young uninfected individuals (3-5 gr) of gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax) were placed. The number of the uninfected, healthy fish was 40 individuals per aquarium. During the duration of experiment four weekly samplings of five individuals per sample were performed and these underwent a macroscopical, parasitological and histopathological examination. In addition, the mortalities that existed and the final luck of parasites afterwards the death of their hosts were recorded. From the results, we concluded that pulii II stage caused serious lesions and eventually the death of mainly young fish, gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax). The process from the moment of "invasion" of young parasites until their final installation in the buccal cavity lasted around 2 hours. In one week, all the isopods were installed in the buccal cavity of young gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata) and sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax). During the second week, the first symptoms of fish appeared. The infected fish swam fast and rubbed their body against the aquarium surface in order to remove the parasites. In the sea bass {Dicentrarchus labrax), with the appearance of first symptoms, the biggest rate of mortality (56,25%) followed, while in the gilthead sea bream {Sparus aurata), the biggest rate of mortality (52%) was observed in the third week. With regard to the luck of the young parasites that remained without host it was observed that they swam for 48 hours, then fell in the bottom of aquarium and after 24 hours the first mortalities started. The adult parasites, that gave the young pulii II after 24 hours, were dead in the bottom of aquarium.
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Dailloux, M., C. Henry, and D. Terver. "Observation et étude expérimentale de mycobactéries atypiques en aquariums d'eau douce et d'eau de mer." Revue des sciences de l'eau 5, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705121ar.
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L'eau des aquariums est source de Mycobactéries atypiques qui peuvent être pathogènes pour l'homme et les poissons. Une étude a été réalisée à l'aquarium du Musée de Zoologie de Nancy. La recherche de Mycobactéries a été effectuée dans 40 aquariums équipés de lampes germicides à UV : 11 bassins étaient alimentés en eau douce et 29 en eau de mer. Deux aquariums non équipés de système de désinfection ont également été analysés, les propriétaires de ces derniers ayant présenté un granulome cutané à M. marinum. L'action des UV sur M. marinum en suspension dans l'eau a été testée expérimentalement dans des bassins d'eau douce peuplés de Cichlidés. Pour chaque aquarium, un échantillon de 250 ml a été prélevé. Les cultures après décontamination au lauryl sulfate de soude ont été réalisées sur milieu de Loewenstein. Les résultats indiquent que, quel que soit l'aquarium, la présence de mycobactéries est constante. L'isolement des mycobactéries peut être gêné par la présence d'une flore bactérienne ou fongique importante (≥ 103 U.F.C./ml). Les espèces les plus fréquemment isolées sont M. gordonae et M. fortuitum ; M. kansasii et M. marinum ont rarement été isolées (6140 aquariums). Différents facteurs peuvent intervenir sur la sélection des espèces. La salinité de l'eau limite le développement de certaines espèces, alors qu'elle permet la croissance de M. fortuitum. Dans notre étude, la température de l'eau n'a pas été un facteur sélectif. L'utilisation de lampes UV limite le nombre de Mycobactéries. Dans les bassins expérimentaux, les radiations UV se sont révélées très actives sur M. marinum en présence ou en l'absence de poissons. A l'inverse de M. gordonae, M. fortuitum est rarement isolée en présence d'UV. Un nombre important de poissons par aquarium augmente la flore bactérienne et mycobactérienne. La prévention des infections à Mycobactéries atypiques chez l'homme comme chez les poissons devrait pouvoir être assurée par des mesures d'hygiène élémentaire.
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Tan, Wee Kheng. "Gamification in aquarium context." Information Technology & People 31, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 1070–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-02-2017-0054.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider issues related to gamification through the non-game aquarium context and explore how the intention of aquarium visitors to play a game that imparts knowledge about marine animals and promotes the conservation of these animals is influenced by visitors’ attitudes toward marine animals, motivations to visit the aquarium and perceptions of the game’s benefits. Design/methodology/approach This study surveyed individuals who have visited Taiwan’s National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium at least once in the past three years and who use smartphones. They were shown a description of a hypothetical game scenario that they were asked to imagine to be available while at the aquarium. The partial least squares method was used to analyze the data from 225 returns. Findings The study shows that gamification can satisfy a visitor’s desire to learn and enjoy the aquarium simultaneously. Gamification is limited by the visit motivation and the attitudes toward marine animals that visitors bring with them. The usefulness of gamification is limited when visitors desire relaxation during the visit. Originality/value This study considers the application of gamification in the context of aquariums and the tourism field and the non-technology-related antecedents to the use of gamification. Gamification is not silver bullet for every situation, and a good understanding of potential users is important for its success and targeting of players. The importance of intrinsic benefits over extrinsic benefits is confirmed. Thus, this study addresses several gaps in the gamification literature.
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McNutt, Marcia, and Robert D. Ballard. "Two Case Studies of Collaborations Between Aquariums and Research Institutions in Exploration and Education." Marine Technology Society Journal 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533201787997944.
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Aquariums and "blue water" oceanographic institutions in America have traditionally had completely separate missions, with the former concentrating on public outreach and education and the latter undertaking basic research. Recently, two new institutions, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) and the Mystic Aquarium/Institute for Exploration (MA/IFE), were founded for the expressed purpose of bridging the gap between basic ocean discovery and public education. In both cases, the ability to bring the excitement of undersea exploration to the public has been enabled by sophisticated undersea vehicles that permit the aquarium audience to participate in the research enterprise via telepresence. The fact that the research is constantly in the public eye provides researchers with frequent opportunities to explain the importance and the relevancy of their work for the benefit of society. Despite the efforts over the past 50 years, over 95 percent of the oceans remain unknown and unexplored. This fact combined with the realization that all citizens of the twenty-first century must be well informed on the consequences of their actions on the health of this ocean planet makes it likely that such partnerships between research and educational institutions will proliferate.
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Kidd, Aline H., and Robert M. Kidd. "Aquarium Visitors' Perceptions and Attitudes toward the Importance of Marine Biodiversity." Psychological Reports 81, no. 3_suppl (December 1997): 1083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.3f.1083.
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To study people's perceptions and attitudes toward the importance of marine biodiversity, 102 visitors to San Francisco's UnderWater World aquarium were interviewed about their perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about marine life and the environment needed for survival. They were asked about any changes in perceptions and attitudes after their visit. The data indicate that most visitors had very Little education in marine biology, that 84% had previously visited other aquariums, that 98% had maintained or increased their positive attitudes toward marine life, and that only 20% financially or emotionally supported marine animal protection or preservation societies. These data, especially from people who had previously visited aquariums, indicated a need for school and college classes and texts to include more substantial and interest-stimulating information about the encompassing importance of the oceans for the survival of all terrestrial and oceanic species.
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de Vincenzi, Giovanni, Primo Micarelli, Salvatore Viola, Gaspare Buffa, Virginia Sciacca, Vincenzo Maccarrone, Valentina Corrias, Francesca Romana Reinero, Cristina Giacoma, and Francesco Filiciotto. "Biological Sound vs. Anthropogenic Noise: Assessment of Behavioural Changes in Scyliorhinus canicula Exposed to Boats Noise." Animals 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11010174.
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Despite the growing interest in human-made noise effects on marine wildlife, few studies have investigated the potential role of underwater noise on elasmobranch species. In this study, twelve specimens of small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) were exposed to biological and anthropogenic sounds in order to assess their behavioural changes in response to prey acoustic stimuli and to different amplitude levels of shipping noise. The sharks, individually held in aquariums, were exposed to four experimental acoustic conditions characterized by different spectral (Hz) components and amplitude (dB re 1 µPa) levels. The swimming behaviour and spatial distribution of sharks were observed. The results highlighted significant differences in swimming time and in the spatial use of the aquarium among the experimental conditions. When the amplitude levels of biological sources were higher than those of anthropogenic sources, the sharks’ swimming behaviour was concentrated in the bottom sections of the aquarium; when the amplitude levels of anthropogenic sources were higher than biological ones, the specimens increased the time spent swimming. Moreover, their spatial distribution highlighted a tendency to occupy the least noisy sections of the aquarium. In conclusion, this study highlighted that anthropogenic noise is able to affect behaviour of catshark specimens and the impact depends on acoustic amplitude levels.
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Reid, G. McG, T. Contreras MacBeath, and K. Csatádi. "Global challenges in freshwater-fish conservation related to public aquariums and the aquarium industry." International Zoo Yearbook 47, no. 1 (January 2013): 6–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/izy.12020.
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Björdal, Charlotte Gjelstrup, Thomas Nilsson, and Roland Petterson. "Preservation, storage and display of waterlogged wood and wrecks in an aquarium: “Project Aquarius”." Journal of Archaeological Science 34, no. 7 (July 2007): 1169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2006.10.011.
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Shumway, Caroly A. "New Roles for Aquariums in Conservation." Marine Technology Society Journal 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533201787997971.
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Most of today's aquariums include aquatic conservation in their mission statement. Yet the conservation effectiveness of aquariums remains limited. The public possesses a minimal ecological understanding of aquatic biodiversity—of the variety of aquatic species and habitats. Most importantly, the public lacks concern about the health of aquatic systems. What can aquariums do? We must make conservation a key message in all aquarium programs. We must appeal to the public's fundamental values, revealing human dependence and impact upon aquatic life in a manner that emotionally connects them to the world under water. We must inspire long-lasting individual and collective behavioral change. We must expand our community presence; this presence enables us to bring together multiple stakeholders for consensus-building discussions of key aquatic issues, and to catalyze community participation in monitoring, habitat restoration, and clean up. We must create new partners for collaboration, including businesses, resource practitioners, and other respected community members. We must also expand policy involvement. Finally, we must actively apply new technologies in our exhibits and programs—technologies that help connect the visitor to the animals and to each other. Ultimately, we must create such a concern for aquatic biodiversity that people consider it priceless.
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Öz, Meryem, Dilek Şahin, Ünal Öz, Zafer Karslı, and Orhan Aral. "Investigation of Ammonium Saturation and Desorption Conditions of Clinoptilolite Type Zeolite in Aquarium Conditions." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 12 (December 22, 2017): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i12.1590-1594.1670.
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In this research, it was aimed to determine the adsorption, saturation reaching and desorption effects of ammonium, which is one of the parameters that should be kept in control for aquarium life, by clinoptilolite type zeolite which is a natural filtration material. In the aquarium water, Z1: 20 mg/l TAN and Z2: 40 mg/l TAN concentrations were determined to have adsorption up to Z1: 10 mg/l TAN and Z2: 24 mg/l TAN concentration at the end of the experiment period. After this phase, where zeolites had reached saturation, desorption system was created, and 2 groups were formed with 5-liter research aquariums and 3 repetitions. During the five-days test, water parameters were determined daily and at the same time of day (10.00). At the beginning of the experiment, mean values of 0.4 ± 0.00 mg / l TAN in Z1 and Z2 groups were determined at the end of the experiment as 1.55 ± 0.176 mg/l (15.5%) and 2.153 ± 0.27 mg/l (13.5%) TAN in Z1 and Z2 groups, respectively. When the data obtained in this study were evaluated, zeolite was determined to make desorption periodically in proportion with the amount of retained ammonium, when it reached the saturation. In intensive aquaculture systems or aquarium conditions, recondition of zeolite for necessary periods is recommended to be performed by considering these data.
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Adin, Nur, and Hilal Hudan Nuha. "Automatic Drain System in Seawater Aquarium with Fuzzy Logic Method." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 4, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v4i3.2209.
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In seawater aquariums, seawater quality plays a very important role for the survival of the biota in it. There are measurement parameters that determine the quality of the seawater fit to be inhabited by seawater ornamental fish such as clown fish. Measurement parameters are such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen content (DO), pH, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate. Current technological developments make it possible to create a system that automatically conducts seawater drainage in a seawater aquarium so that the quality of the seawater remains in accordance with its measurement parameters and is fit for habitation by seawater ornamental fish such as clown fish. In this study the measurement parameters that become the reference are the temperature, pH (acidity) values obtained from the temperature sensor and the pH sensor. For normal temperatures, if the temperature is in the range of 24°C to 28°C, while for the ideal temperature is in the range of 25-27°C. For an appropriate pH in a saltwater aquarium is 7.5-8.5 with an ideal pH of 8.2. From the results of measurements made by these sensors, the value will be processed using the fuzzy logic method, then the condition of sea water quality in the aquarium can be seen from the smartphone, and when the measurement results show an inappropriate value, the system will automatically drain the water
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Kaijser, Lars. "Bläckfiskar." Budkavlen 99 (November 10, 2020): 11–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37447/bk.99519.
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Cephalopods. On staged animals and popular science conventions at public aquariums.
Lars Kaijser
Keywords: Aquarium, cephalopod, popular science
The article discusses the way animals are portrayed in popular science, using cephalopods at public aquariums as the basis. Public aquariums tend to display a set of animals that could be described as flagship species. These are animals reoccurring as live examples in tanks, used in marketing and sold as toys in the gift shop.
Often, the presentations of these animals are enhanced with scientific facts that are combined with popular cultural stories and well-known iconographies. Together they form what could be labelled as popular science animals, easily recognisable animals with charismatic features. At aquariums, this generally refers to sharks, jellyfish, penguins, frogs or clownfish. The focus is on the biology of the animals, but equal importance is placed on the stories and popular-cultural association frameworks. The popular science animal is comprised of elements from different domains of knowledge, ranging from biology and cultural history to folklore and popular culture. These insights can be contradictory, and one important feature of presentations at aquariums is the endeavour to distinguish between fact and myth. At the same time, the myth is an important resource when curating exhibits and attracting attention. It is part of the convention that the selection of knowledge is not only chosen to inform people about animals but also to entertain and surprise them. The cephalopod is at the crossroad of research and imagination, viewed as enigmatic, fascinating, and fearful. It is characterised as smart, a superhero and a marker for both discoveries and knowledge gaps. The cephalopod, especially the octopus, is an animal that in many ways represents modernity.
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Lauderdale, Lisa K., Jill D. Mellen, Michael T. Walsh, Douglas A. Granger, and Lance J. Miller. "Towards understanding the welfare of cetaceans in accredited zoos and aquariums." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): e0255506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255506.
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Cetaceans are long-lived, social species that are valued as ambassadors inspiring the public to engage in conservation action. Under professional care, they are critical partners with the scientific community to understanding the biology, behavior, physiology, health, and welfare requirements of this taxonomic group. The Cetacean Welfare Study was a highly collaborative research effort among zoos and aquariums accredited by the Alliance for Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums and/or the Association of Zoos & Aquariums that provided important empirical and comparative information on the care and management of cetaceans. The goal was to identify factors that were related to the welfare of bottlenose dolphins and to develop reference intervals and values for common and novel indicators of health and welfare for common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus), beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), and Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens). Data were collected from cetaceans at 43 accredited zoos and aquariums in seven countries in 2018 and 2019. This overview presents a summary of findings from the initial research articles that resulted from the study titled “Towards understanding the welfare of cetaceans in zoos and aquariums.” With multiple related objectives, animal-based metrics were used to advance frameworks of clinical care and target key conditions that were associated with good welfare of cetaceans in zoo and aquarium environments. As a result of this collaboration, species-specific reference intervals and values for blood variables and fecal hormone metabolites were developed and are freely available in an iOS application called ZooPhysioTrak. The results suggested that environmental enrichment programs and social management factors were more strongly related to behaviors likely indicative of positive welfare than habitat characteristics for common and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins. These findings can be widely applied to optimize care and future science-based welfare practice.
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Maurer, Leah, Matthew Dawson, Larry Boles, Stacy Knight, and Andrew Stamper. "Spawning of French grunts, Haemulon flavolineatum, in recirculating aquarium systems." PeerJ 8 (July 1, 2020): e9417. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9417.
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Background Because the French grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum, is an ecologically important reef fish prized by both recreational anglers and public aquariums, the wild population requires limits on harvests. Yet, the environmental conditions conducive for French grunt spawning in aquarium settings is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of this study was to document the conditions leading to voluntary spawning and the number of eggs produced by French grunts without the use of hormones or artificial insemination. Methods We hypothesized and verified that it is possible for French grunts to spontaneously spawn in human care. Forty individuals were collected around the Florida Keys and haphazardly stocked in five recirculating seawater systems each containing two 250-L circular tanks. Over the course of 87 days, eggs were collected daily from each system and environmental parameters were monitored. Results Total daily number of eggs released ranged from 0 to 207,644 eggs. Of the observed environmental parameters, temperature and alkalinity had the greatest impact on number of eggs released. This study demonstrates that it is possible for French grunts to reproduce in captivity with little environmental manipulation, thus an ideal candidate to culture for the zoo/aquarium industry.
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Zaniboni-Filho, Evoy, David Reynalte-Tataje, Alex Pires de Oliveira Nuñer, and Samira Meurer. "Photoperiod influence on the cultivation of Steindachneridion scriptum (Pisces, Pimelodidae) juvenile." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 51, no. 3 (June 2008): 555–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132008000300016.
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This study aimed to evaluate the influence of photoperiod on juvenile suruvi (Steindachneridion scriptum) in six photoperiods: 24L-0D (L= Light; D= Dark), 18L-6D, 14L-10D, 10L-14D, 6L-18D and 0L-24D. Juveniles measuring 176.8 ± 13.2mm and weighing 60.2 ± 16.0g were distributed in eighteen 150-L aquariums, stocked with 8 juveniles per aquarium. At the end of the study, treatments 24L-0D (105.7 ± 5.8g and 845.9 ±46g) and 0L-24D (93.3 ± 4.9g and 746.4 ± 39.5g) were different (P<0.05) on weight and biomass. Survival (100 ± 0.0%) and length (212.5 ±2.5mm) were the same (P>0.05) in all the treatments. The results showed that suruvi (Steindachneridion scriptum) reached better weight and biomass in extended light periods.
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Mueller, Jenny. "Aquarium." Chicago Review 41, no. 2/3 (1995): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25305951.
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Miyuki, Aoyama, and Malinda Markham. "Aquarium." Antioch Review 62, no. 1 (2004): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4614593.
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Loh, Tse-Lynn, Eric R. Larson, Solomon R. David, Lesley S. de Souza, Rebecca Gericke, Mary Gryzbek, Andrew S. Kough, Philip W. Willink, and Charles R. Knapp. "Quantifying the contribution of zoos and aquariums to peer-reviewed scientific research." FACETS 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2017-0083.
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Modern zoos and aquariums aspire to contribute significantly to biodiversity conservation and research. For example, conservation research is a key accreditation criterion of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). However, no studies to date have quantified this contribution. We assessed the research productivity of 228 AZA members using scientific publications indexed in the ISI Web of Science (WoS) database between 1993 and 2013 (inclusive). AZA members published 5175 peer-reviewed manuscripts over this period, with publication output increasing over time. Most publications were in the zoology and veterinary science subject areas, and articles classified as “biodiversity conservation” by WoS averaged 7% of total publications annually. From regression analyses, AZA organizations with larger financial assets generally published more, but research-affiliated mission statements were also associated with increased publication output. A strong publication record indicates expertise and expands scientific knowledge, enhancing organizational credibility. Institutions aspiring for higher research productivity likely require a dedicated research focus and adequate institutional support through research funding and staffing. We recommend future work build on our results by exploring links between zoo and aquarium research productivity and conservation outcomes or uptake.
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Lescenko, P., L. Matlova, L. Dvorska, M. Bartos, O. Vavra, S. Navratil, L. Novotny, and I. Pavlik. "Mycobacterial infection in aquarium fish." Veterinární Medicína 48, No. 3 (March 30, 2012): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5752-vetmed.
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In the first part of the study, 70 aquarium fish of different species, originating from stocks from the CzechRepublic, were pathomorphologically examined for the presence of granulomatous lesions. Granulomas were diagnosed in 44 (62.9%) fish. From these, acid fast rods (AFR) were found in 29 (65.9%) by staining according to Ziehl-Neelsen (Z-N). In the remaining 26 (37.1%) fish without granulomatous lesions, the presence of AFR was microscopically proven in 3 (11.5%) fish. In the second part of the study, direct microscopic examinations accord­ing to Z-N and culture examinations for the presence of mycobacteria were carried out in 17 randomly selected fish of the Apistogramma cacatuoides, Trichogaster leeri, Trichogaster trichopterus, Pterophyllum scalare, Paracheirodon axelrodi species with the pathomorphological discovery of granulomas. Mycobacteria were culturally found in 12 (70.6%) fish. Mycobacterium marinum, pathogenic for fish, was isolated from 6 fish, of which in one M. triviale was found at the same time and in two M. avium mixed serotypes 6, 8 and 9 (genotype IS901–, IS1245+). M. gordonae was isolated from a further 6 fish, of which in two M. avium mixed serotypes 6, 8 and 9 (genotype IS901–, IS1245+) was also isolated at the same time. A mixed infection of more species of mycobacteria was therefore found in five fish. In these it may be assumed that the mycobacteria of the M. triviale and M. avium mixed serotypes 6, 8 and 9 (genotype IS901–, IS1245+), non-pathogenic for fish, came from the water environment and “merely contaminated” the tissues of the fish.
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Molnár, Áron, László Kovács, Dávid Homoki, Dániel Minya, and Milán Fehér. "Examining the production parameters of European perch (Perca fluviatilis) juveniles under different lighting conditions." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/8494.
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European perch (Perca fluviatilis) is a native predatory fish in Hungary, and a promising new species of fresh water aquaculture nowadays. The European perch can be characterized by a high stress sensitivity during the intensive rearing, thus the optimization of environmental conditions has significant importance in the early life stages of fish. The aim of our study was to determine whether the light intensity and darkening of the water by humic acid affect the survival and growth performance of European perch juveniles. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Rectangular aquariums were arranged in 3 lines, the test environment consisted of 24 units. The experiment was set up with 10–10 fish per aquarium, total of 240 individuals. The average wet body weight of the fish at the start of the experiment was 1.69 grams. During the experiment, 6 treatments in 4 replicates were set up. In the first row, we set up 305.6±66.0 LUX (L), in the second row 118.0±24.4 LUX (C), and in the third row (D) 17.0±8.6 LUX illumination was set up. In each row the water of four aquariums were darkened by the addition of humic acid (H) (L, LH, C, CH, D, and DH). At the end of the experiment high survival rate was observed in all treatments. Examining the survival rate, the best results were found in the strongly illuminated treatments (L; LH- SR%=100±0.00). The observed mortality was caused by cannibalism. Regarding the individual body weight, the best results were shown by the treatments where the aquariums were illuminated with lower light intensity (C: 4.66±0.33 grams) and the aquarium water was darkened by humic acid (CH: 4.93±0.15 grams). The results of the C and CH groups were significantly better compared to the other treatments, however, they did not differ statistically from each other. The darkening of the water had a positive effect on the individual body weight of fish reared under full light (L: 3.73±0.28 grams; LH: 4.33±0.28 grams), whereas in the case of fish reared in the lowest illumination, the addition of humic acid did not affect the results (D: 3.78±0.15 grams; DH: 3.80±0.26 grams). In case of SGR (C: 3.64%/day and CH: 3.74%/day) and FCR (C: 0.84 g/g and CH: 0.78g/g) the best results were obtained by the C and CH treatments, also.
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Jungfer, Karl-Heinz, and Hans-Joachim Herrmann. "Amphibien im Aquarium [Amphibians in the Aquarium]." Copeia 1996, no. 4 (December 27, 1996): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1447684.
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Mian, Gláucia Frasnelli, Charles Oswaldo Roncancio, Maria Cristina de Souza Silva, Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira, Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio, Victor Hugo Silva Souza, and Geraldo Márcio da Costa. "Evaluation of resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae in four farmed strains of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p353.
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Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has always been considered more resistant to diseases compared to other fish species. However, in recent decades, this fish species has also been susceptible to many bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and nutritional diseases. In Brazil, streptococcosis is one of the main diseases that affect tilapia and has caused many economic losses. A resistance test was conducted with 93 tilapia of four varieties (UFLA strain and three commercial varieties: SC1, SC2, and SC3) to evaluate resistance to experimental inoculation with Streptococcus agalactiae. Each variety was distributed in five aquariums, with nine specimens of the same variety. Among the five aquariums, four housed fish were intraperitoneally inoculated with 107 CFU/fish of S. agalactiae and one aquarium harbored fish from the control group, which received 0.1 mL of sterile BHI (Brain Heart Infusion). Significant differences were observed in the survival rates accumulated at the end of the experiment (day 15), with values of 22, 36, 36, and 15% for SC1, SC2, SC3, and UFLA, respectively. The UFLA strain presented lower survival than other strains, which did not differ among the 15 days of challenge. These results demonstrate that there are animals with a better response to the resistance test than others.
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Korde, Seema S. "Aquarium Fish: Study on Mycobacterial Infection." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 7 (January 1, 2012): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/july2014/85.
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Falk, John H., Joe E. Heimlich, Cynthia L. Vernon, and Kerry Bronnenkant. "Critique of a Critique: Do Zoos and Aquariums Promote Attitude Change in Visitors?" Society & Animals 18, no. 4 (2010): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853010x524361.
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AbstractMarino et al. (2010) recently published a critique of a three-year National Science Foundation—funded investigation of the impact of zoo and aquarium visits on the public’s understanding of animals and their attitudes toward conservation (Falk, Heimlich, & Bronnenkant, 2008; Falk, Reinhard, Vernon, Bronnenkant, Deans, & Heimlich, 2007; Heimlich, Bronnenkant, Witgert, & Falk, 2004). This critique of that critique will show that Marino et al. seriously misrepresent both the intent of the research and the methods used. The methods used by Falk and his colleagues were consistent with current, accepted research practice and their conclusions regarding impact were congruent with a growing body of scientific research (National Research Council, 2009; Ballantyne et al., 2007) showing that visits to zoos and aquariums almost always result in enhanced scientific understanding and strengthened beliefs in the value of nature conservation.
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Gröschner, Annet t. "Bonzen-Aquarium." Zeitschrift für Ideengeschichte 12, no. 2 (2018): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1863-8937-2018-2-56.
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Malech, Dora. "The Aquarium." Iowa Review 44, no. 2 (September 2014): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.7488.
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Thomas, Amber, Matthew R. Dawson, Helen Ellis, and M. Andrew Stamper. "Praziquantel degradation in marine aquarium water." PeerJ 4 (April 4, 2016): e1857. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1857.
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Praziquantel (PZQ) is a drug commonly utilized to treat both human schistosomiasis and some parasitic infections and infestations in animals. In the aquarium industry, PZQ can be administered in a “bath” to treat the presence of ectoparasites on both the gills and skin of fish and elasmobranchs. In order to fully treat an infestation, the bath treatment has to maintain therapeutic levels of PZQ over a period of days or weeks. It has long been assumed that, once administered, PZQ is stable in a marine environment throughout the treatment interval and must be mechanically removed, but no controlled experiments have been conducted to validate that claim. This study aimed to determine if PZQ would break down naturally within a marine aquarium below its 2 ppm therapeutic level during a typical 30-day treatment: and if so, does the presence of fish or the elimination of all living biological material impact the degradation of PZQ? Three 650 L marine aquarium systems, each containing 12 fish (French grunts:Haemulon flavolineatum), and three 650 L marine aquariums each containing no fish were treated with PZQ (2 ppm) and concentrations were measured daily for 30 days. After one round of treatment, the PZQ was no longer detectable in any system after 8 (±1) days. The subsequent two PZQ treatments yielded even faster PZQ breakdown (non-detectable after 2 days and 2 ± 1 day, respectively) with slight variations between systems. Linear mixed effects models of the data indicate that day and trial most impact PZQ degradation, while the presence of fish was not a factor in the best-fit models. In a completely sterilized marine system (0.5 L) PZQ concentration remained unchanged over 15 days, suggesting that PZQ may be stable in a marine system during this time period. The degradation observed in non-sterile marine systems in this study may be microbial in nature. This work should be taken into consideration when providing PZQ bath treatments to marine animals to ensure maximum drug administration.
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Barrio, J. M., and J. M. Valverde. "Acuario de La Coruña, "Casa de los Peces"." Informes de la Construcción 50, no. 458 (December 30, 1998): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.1998.v50.i458.876.
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Pratama, Dimas Rizki, Henni Wijayanti, and Herman Yulianto. "PENGARUH WARNA WADAH PEMELIHARAAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN INTENSITAS WARNA IKAN GUPPY (Poecilia reticulata)." e-Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Budidaya Perairan 7, no. 1 (December 11, 2018): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jrtbp.v7i1.p775-782.
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Guppy is one of the most popular ornamental fish. In some ornamental fish, colour of aquarium can enhance the fish colour intensity. The research aims to determine the effect of different aquarium colour on Guppy colour intensity which maintenance on semi outdoor. The research was used completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications (maintenance guppy in colourless aquarium, black coloured aquarium, yellow coloured aquarium, silver coloured aquarium). The Guppy fish used is 60 days old that kept on aquarium 30 cm x 20 cm x 30 cm and the water volume is 4 liters/aquarium. Research was conducted for 40 days, fish amount is 8 fish/aquarium. Colour intensity data were analyzed by using ANOVA and the significantly different results followed by a further test of Least Significant Difference (LSD). Observed parameters were the colour intensity, pH, and temperature. The results showed that maintenance Guppy fish under different colour of aquarium gave the effect on Guppy colour intensity, the best effecton colour intensity Guppy fish show at the colourless aquarium.
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Hardyanto, R. Hafid, Prahenusa Wahyu Ciptadi, and Andik Asmara. "Smart Aquarium Based On Internet of Things." Journal of Business and Information Systems (e-ISSN: 2685-2543) 1, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36067/jbis.v1i1.12.
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: IoT technology has been widely applied in everyday life. IoT technology has been applied to smart home, smart city, and several supporting applications implemented by IoT technology. IoT technology can also be applied in hobby of keeping fish. The aquarium system that is sold in the market today is an ordinary aquarium. The aquarium system on the market today is already interesting, with a collection of plants and fish in the aquarium, but the problems that occur if the aquarium is stored in the house will be less to the needs of sunlight. Sometimes the lights that have a diaquarium are not adapted to the needs of plants or fish in the aquarium. Another problem is the provision of fish feed that is still manual. Sometimes aquarium owners must provide fish feed manually at least once a day. This is very troublesome if the owner of the aquarium has a very high activity, so the risk of forgetting to feed fish is very high. To overcome the problems mentioned above, it is necessary to have an aquarium system that is eyecatching and completely automated, both in terms of lighting and aspects of fish feeding. A smart aquarium system that can accommodate aquarium hobbyists with all the activities owned by aquarium owners. In this paper, we designed a new smart aquarium system using IoT devices
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Bensko, Rosemary. "The Bird Aquarium." Iowa Journal of Literary Studies 9, no. 1 (1988): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0743-2747.1277.
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Cubaud, Thomas, and Thomas G. Mason. "A microfluidic aquarium." Physics of Fluids 19, no. 9 (September 2007): 091108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2774822.
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Hrbek, Tomas. "Aquarium Fish.Dick Mills." Quarterly Review of Biology 69, no. 4 (December 1994): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/418762.
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Johnson, Manly, and Anthony Lawrence. "The Darkwood Aquarium." World Literature Today 68, no. 3 (1994): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150571.
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Moshirfar, Majid. "Aquarium Coral Keratoconjunctivitis." Archives of Ophthalmology 128, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.206.
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Fargason, William. "Aquarium, and Birthmark." New England Review 35, no. 1 (2014): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ner.2014.0072.
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Rahmi, Rahmi, Ramses Ramses, and P. N. Pramuanggit. "PEMBERIAN PAKAN PELET DAN CACING SUTERA PADA PEMELIHARAAN BENIH IKAN HIAS NEMO." SIMBIOSA 6, no. 1 (October 8, 2017): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33373/sim-bio.v6i1.975.
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Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 01 September – 30 November 2016 yang bertempat di Bagian Ikan Hias dan Kekerangan Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut Batam, Kota Batam – Kepulauan Riau. Benih ikan hias Nemo dipelihara dalam wadah aquarium dengan volume 25 liter sebanyak 3 buah. Selama pemeliharaan benih ikan Nemo diberikan pakan pelet pada aquarium A, pakan mix : pellet dan cacing sutera pada aquarium B dan pemberian cacing sutera 100 % pada aquarium C. Pemberian pakan dilakukan 3 kali sehari yaitu pagi, siang dan sore. Pakan diberikan hingga ikan kenyang. Benih ikan hias nemo dipelihara selama kurang lebih dua bulan. Sebagai hasil diharapkan akan diperoleh data berupa pertumbuhan serta kualitas air selama kegiatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah 40 hari pemeliharaan dan 5 kali sampling didapatkan pertumbuhan berat mutlak paling besar adalah aquarium A yaitu 0,472 gram sedangkan aquarium C tidak dapat dihitung karena berat akhir ikan lebih ringan dari pada berat awal, hal ini selaras dengan SGR (pertumbuhan harian) aquarium A paling cepat pertumbuhannya yaitu 0,012 gram per hari sedangkan aquarium C tidak dapat dihitung. Untuk pertambahan panjang mutlak ikan nemo pada aquarium A paling panjang yaitu 0,82 cm dan yang paling rendah yaitu aquarium B dengan panjang 0,66 cm.