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Whellum, Peter, Alexander Reilly, and Amanda Nettelbeck. "Pathways to justice in the APY Lands: breaking the cycle of offending." Griffith Law Review 28, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 431–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10383441.2019.1748832.
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Ward, Matthew J., Roman Urban, John L. Read, Anika Dent, Thalie Partridge, Amber Clarke, and Jason van Weenen. "Status of warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands of South Australia. 1. Distribution and decline." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10047.
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Surveys for warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) were conducted in targeted areas of the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands in order to clarify the distribution and status of the taxon in South Australia. Presence was determined by animal sightings or fresh scats. The study identified extant warru sites adjacent to known colonies in the Musgrave and Tomkinson Ranges, indicating that, in both locations, warru probably occur as larger metapopulations. The study highlighted that warru has disappeared from 93% of its former range across South Australia, and from 88% of its stronghold in the APY Lands. Accounting for recent information on population dynamics, this study has confirmed that warru are ‘Endangered’ in South Australia, and a more thorough assessment of the race’s current national distribution and status is required.
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Ireland, Luke, Magdalena Zabek, Carolina Galindez-Silva, Sara Weir, Rebecca West, Liberty Olds, Brett Backhouse, Peter Copley, and John Read. "More than just the animals: opportunities and costs of reintroducing threatened black-footed rock-wallabies to remote Indigenous land." Pacific Conservation Biology 24, no. 4 (2018): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc17059.
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Conservation activities, including translocations of threatened species, are increasingly important priorities for conserving biodiversity and culture on Indigenous-managed lands, which occupy over 20% of the Australian landmass. In the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands of north-western South Australia, the Warru Recovery Team reintroduced the threatened black-footed rock-wallaby (warru) to Wamitjara in May 2018. We outline the unique planning and logistical issues inherent in securing support and involvement of Traditional Owners and Indigenous rangers for predator, weed and fire management, cross-fostering, captive breeding, monitoring and translocation of the rock-wallabies. Altogether, the project cost AU$3.86 million (actual – AU$1.86 million, in kind – AU$2.00 million) over 10 years of preparation and one year of post-translocation monitoring. This consisted of AU$1.18 million for cross-fostering and captive breeding at Monarto Zoo and a further AU$0.55 million for the construction and maintenance of a fenced exclosure in the APY Lands. It is estimated that AU$0.51 million of the total costs were directly attributed to working remote and Indigenous-owned land, with most of the remaining costs typical of other reintroduction programs. Large-scale reintroduction opportunities on Indigenous-managed land can provide considerable conservation outcomes as well as delivering cultural objectives and supporting employment.
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Krapf, Carmen, Adrian Costar, Mark Keppel, Kent Inverarity, Andy Love, Liliana Stoian, Georgina Gordon, Camilla Soerensen, and Tim Munday. "Backing up the AEM – unravelling a palaeovalley fill for groundwater exploration in the APY Lands." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2019, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22020586.2019.12073103.
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Feuerherdt, Leah, Stuart Peevor, Michael Clinch, and Tim Moore. "Social return on investment: application for an Indigenous rangelands context." Rangeland Journal 41, no. 3 (2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj18017.
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Social Return on Investment (SROI) is an internationally recognised methodology used to measure and value the economic impact of program outcomes. Like a traditional cost-benefit analysis, SROI examines economic outcomes, but also includes the social, environmental and cultural outcomes created by the investment. These outcomes are evaluated against their cost, using financial proxies to estimate their relative economic worth. SROI is particularly valuable in the indigenous natural resource management context, because of the strong ‘value’ or importance of non-economic (particularly cultural) costs and benefits. The Alinytjara Wilurara Natural Resources Management Board undertook a study of the economic, social, environmental and cultural impacts and benefits of the presence of large feral herbivores in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands, in the far north-west of South Australia. Camels, donkeys and horses present significant impacts for the community in terms of vehicle collisions, community health, damage to infrastructure and water pollution, as well as impacts on sites of cultural and spiritual significance to the local communities. With the annual cost impacts incurred by society caused by large feral herbivores in the APY lands valued at $4.2million and possible dollar value of those animals valued at $140000, the study found that there was a net cost impact of ~$4million from not managing the impact of these animals. The study also found significant cultural impacts of large feral herbivores, such as the fouling of natural springs and other culturally sensitive sites, and further analysis would be required to determine the economic cost of these impacts. Investment models that consider a broad range of costs and benefits are considered necessary for Australian rangelands, particularly Indigenous-owned land. This paper presents a case study of the development of a ranger program that employs local community members to manage the impacts of large feral herbivores that will provide a net benefit to society of ~$3million every year, aside from the additional benefits of employment and economic participation. The $3-million net benefit accrues from saving human lives and costs associated with vehicle accidents, and reduced management costs and increased income for pastoral areas of the APY Lands. APY community members, and the APY Pastoral business are core beneficiaries; however, there are several external beneficiaries that this SROI approach recognises including the Motor Accident Commission, Health Departments and South Australian Police. The strongly positive SROI in this case presents an excellent co-investment opportunity for agencies whose core focus is on road safety and health. Importantly, the SROI approach to creation of social value can be implemented in a way that is consistent with stated community aspirations for development.
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Parsekian, Andrew, Aaron Davis, Denys Grombacher, Tim Munday, Brady Flinchum, Kevin Cahill, and Michael Hatch. "Hydrogeophysics for Informed Water Management Decisions in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands of South Australia." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2015, no. 1 (December 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2015ab240.
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Omond, Kimberley J., Cheryl Charlwood, and Roger W. Byard. "Customary law, traditional punishment, and death in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) lands of Central Australia." Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 12, no. 4 (August 9, 2016): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-016-9804-y.
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Parsekian, Andrew, Denys Grombacher, Aaron Davis, Brady Flinchum, Tim Munday, and Kevin Cahill. "Near-surface geophysics for informed water-management decisions in the Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) lands of South Australia." Leading Edge 33, no. 12 (December 2014): 1342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle33121342.1.
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Dallwitz, Dora, John Dallwitz, and Susan Lowish. "Ara Irititja and Ara Winki in the APY Lands: connecting archives to communities through mobile apps on portable devices." Archives and Manuscripts 47, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2018.1547652.
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Ruykys, Laura. "Multi-scale habitat associations of the black-footed rock-wallaby in north-western South Australia." Wildlife Research 44, no. 3 (2017): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17025.
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Context Research on species’ habitat associations is strengthened if it combines coarse-grained landscape data with finer-scale parameters. However, due to the effort required to measure fine-scale parameters, studies on threatened species that unite these two scales remain relatively rare. Aim This study aimed to undertake a multi-scale analysis of the habitat association of the threatened Petrogale lateralis (MacDonnell Ranges race) in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands, South Australia. Method Analyses were conducted at four spatial scales: (1) across the Central Ranges IBRA Region (regional scale); (2) on hills in the APY Lands at which P. lateralis is extant and extinct (site scale); (3) at ‘core’ and ‘non-core’ areas within those hills (hillside scale); and (4) at rocky refuges. The maximum entropy approach through the software MaxEnt was used for the analysis at the regional scale. At the remaining scales, fieldwork was used to collect, and regression modelling to analyse, data. Key results At the regional scale, presence was associated with slope and geology. At the site scale, aspect, rock abundance and habitat type are likely to have facilitated animal persistence at extant sites. At the hillside scale, the aspect, vegetation type and rock complexity of core areas are likely to have contributed to their higher use. Size, exposure and accessibility were significant predictors of the use of rocky refuges. Conclusions All four spatial scales yielded novel information on the habitat associations of P. lateralis, supporting previous researchers’ suggestions that habitat modelling should be conducted at multiple spatial scales. Implications The study exemplifies the utility of combining MaxEnt modelling with fieldwork-derived data. The results may have conservation implications for this threatened race, and may also provide a model for other studies of faunal habitat associations.
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Bryce, Suzanne, Inawantji Scales, Lisa-Maree Herron, Britta Wigginton, Meron Lewis, and Amanda Lee. "Maitjara Wangkanyi: Insights from an Ethnographic Study of Food Practices of Households in Remote Australian Aboriginal Communities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 8109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218109.
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Many historical, environmental, socioeconomic, political, commercial, and geographic factors underscore the food insecurity and poor diet-related health experienced by Aboriginal people in Australia. Yet, there has been little exploration of Aboriginal food practices or perspectives on food choice recently. This study, with 13 households in remote communities on the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands, fills this gap using ethnographic and Indigenist methods. Results highlight Anangu resourcefulness, securing food despite poverty and adversity, and provide unique insights into factors influencing the three major types and range of dietary patterns identified. These factors include household economic cycles and budgeting challenges; overcrowding and family structures, mobility and ‘organization’; available food storage, preparation and cooking infrastructure; and familiarity and convenience. Structural and systemic reform, respecting Aboriginal leadership, is required to improve food security.
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West, Rebecca, Matthew J. Ward, Wendy K. Foster, and David A. Taggart. "Testing the potential for supplementary water to support the recovery and reintroduction of the black-footed rock-wallaby." Wildlife Research 44, no. 3 (2017): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16181.
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Context Supplementary resource provision is increasingly used by conservation managers to manipulate habitat conditions that limit population growth of threatened species. These methods are popular in reintroduction programs because they can assist released individuals to adapt to novel environments. In situ management and reintroductions are being used to recover warru (black-footed rock-wallaby, Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) on the arid Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands of South Australia. Direct predation by introduced predators is thought to be the main cause of population decline, but indirect predation effects reducing access to water resources has also been proposed as a limiting factor. Aims To determine whether warru would use supplementary water and so provide a tool to alleviate resource pressure for in situ (wild) and reintroduced warru populations. Methods We provided supplementary water to a wild and reintroduced warru population across 12 months. Drinking rates were calculated by monitoring water points with camera traps and modelled against plant moisture content and total rainfall. We also examined whether number of visits to water points by warru predators and competitors was significantly different to control points (no water present). Key results Wild and reintroduced warru used water points within 0–10 days of installation. No significant increase in visits by predators or competitors was observed at water points. Drinking rates were significantly higher during dry winter months (March–October) for both wild and re-introduced populations. Conclusions Supplementary water is readily utilised by warru. Water could be provided in this manner to warru populations where predators are present, particularly during drier months (generally March–October on the APY Lands), periods of drought or after fire, when food resources will have a lower water content and/or be less abundant. This may increase breeding rates and recruitment of young, and improve the probability of persistence for populations of this threatened species, and should be further investigated. Implications Supplementary water provision may be a useful tool to increase population growth rates for threatened mammalian herbivores in arid habitats. Experimental trials of the uptake of supplementary water and effects on population dynamics will provide important data for implementing adaptive management frameworks for conservation.
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Guy, Rebecca, James S. Ward, Kirsty S. Smith, Jiunn-Yih Su, Rae-Lin Huang, Annie Tangey, Steven Skov, et al. "The impact of sexually transmissible infection programs in remote Aboriginal communities in Australia: a systematic review." Sexual Health 9, no. 3 (2012): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh11074.
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Objective To systematically review evaluations of the impact of sexually transmissible infection (STI) programs delivered by primary health care services in remote Aboriginal communities. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, InfoNet, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, conference proceedings and bulletins were searched to April 2011 using variations of the terms ‘Aboriginal’, ‘programs’ and ‘STI’. The primary outcome of interest in the review was the change in bacterial STI infection prevalence in the target age group assessed through cross-sectional screening studies over a 5-year period or more. The characteristics of the primary health care service, STI programs and other clinical service outcomes were also described. Results: Twelve reports described four distinct STI programs in remote communities and their impact on STI prevalence. In the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) lands of northern South Australia, there was a reduction in the age-adjusted chlamydia and gonorrhoea prevalence by 58% and 67%, respectively (1996–2003). In the Tiwi Islands of Northern Territory (NT), chlamydia and gonorrhoea positivity decreased by 94% and 34%, respectively (2002–2005). In the Ngaanyatjarra Lands of Western Australia, crude chlamydia and gonorrhoea prevalence decreased by 36% and 48%, respectively (2001–2005), and in the central Australian region of NT, there was no sustained decline in crude prevalence (2001–2005). Conclusion: In three of the four programs, there was some evidence that clinical best practice and well coordinated sexual health programs can reduce STI prevalence in remote Aboriginal communities.
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Vunibola, Suliasi, Hennah Steven, and Matthew Scobie. "Indigenous enterprise on customary lands: Diverse economies of surplus." Asia Pacific Viewpoint 63, no. 1 (February 5, 2022): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apv.12326.
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Worthington, Marianne. "Harvest by Catherine Landis." Appalachian Heritage 33, no. 1 (2005): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.2005.0007.
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Jennrich, Julia. "APA: Australiens Berufsverband." physiopraxis 2, no. 06 (June 2004): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1307696.
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Australien liegt am anderen Ende der Welt und ist 21-mal so groß wie Deutschland. Der australische Physiotherapie-Verband schafft es, alle Physiotherapeuten des großen Landes unter einen Hut zu bringen. Ein Bericht von Julia Jennrich.
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Furqon, Ahmad. "Penukaran tanah wakaf masjid agung Semarang dalam perspektif fikih istibdal." Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 17, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v17i1.39-60.
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Substitution of waqf land is one of nazir (waqf fund manager) efforts to make waqf lands managedmore productive. Semarang Mosque Welfare Council (BKM), as nazir, has made three substitutions ofSemarang Grand Mosque waqf lands. Those three-time substitutions leaved problems causing to poorresults of the waqf lands managed. This study is aimed at finding out the substitution process ofSemarang Grand Mosque waqf lands and the pespective of Istibdal Fiqh on substitutions of SemarangGrand Mosque waqf lands. This study is a case study. The data collection techniques are observation,interview, and documentation. The interview is conducted to parties who know the substitution caseof Semarang Grand Mosque waqf lands. The data collected are analyzed descriptively. The results of thisstudy are: 1) the first substitution of Semarang Grand Mosque waqf lands, made with PT Sambirejo, isnot based on in-depth research especially on land replacement. The party invited to conduct the transaction,Cipto Siswoyo from PT. Sambirejo, his testimony is categorized unacceptable due to fraud. 2) Thesecond substitution of Semarang Grand Mosque waqf lands, which is in the form of money to establishMa’had Aly, is less rocommended by fiqh scholars since the money value tends to decline, and isprone to corrupt and abuse. Moreover, Ma’had Aly has not established yet during the substitutionprocess happened in 2008 to 2016. 3) The third substitution of Semarang Grand Mosque waqf landsemploys substitute money used to purchase substitute lands. This is considered appropriate and theprice of the substitute lands refers to the market price.
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Grabowski, Antoni. "Old Tales for a New Gens. Alberic of Trois-Fontaines’ Grafting of History." Acta Poloniae Historica 124 (January 12, 2022): 149–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/aph.2021.124.06.
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Throughout the Middle Ages, waves of people came to the lands once been a part of the Roman Empire. At the same time, lands yet unknown encountered the successors of the Empire. These gentes sometimes preserved a long history of their paths to their new homelands. The Longobards, the Saxons, and many others had an origo gentis, where gods played an important role. These narrations were incorporated into a historiography that was almost entirely Christian.
This article is concerned with the methods used to find harmony between the past and present by Alberic of Trois-Fontaines when writing about the Semigallians. The narrative of their origins used established motifs and themes that made it possible to include the invented history of the gens into the then-established universal history. This was done through the etymology of names or the erudite use of the writings of other authors. These new gentes were grafted onto the trees of old tales.
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Fasora, Lukáš. "The Relationship between the State and Universities in the Czech Lands 1849–1939." Acta Poloniae Historica 124 (January 12, 2022): 181–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/aph.2021.124.07.
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This text summarises the results of extensive research into the relationship between the state and universities in 1849–1939, i.e. between the so-called ‘Thun reform’ and the closure of Czech universities by the Nazis. The focus is on the state’s respect for the privileged position of universities and the monitoring of tensions arising from the clash between legislation and the universities’ day-to-day operations, resulting mainly from satisfying the economic needs of universities on the one hand, and the interpretation of the responsibility and discipline of their academic staff towards the state and society on the other. The research shows the advancing erosion of the so-called Prussian (Humboldt’s) concept of an autonomous national-oriented university and the difficult search for a democratic alternative in interwar Central Europe’s unstable political and economic conditions.
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Пышьева, Елена, and Elena Pysheva. "Legal Regime of Reclaimed and Improved Lands." Journal of Russian Law 3, no. 7 (June 25, 2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11752.
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Reclaimed and improved lands hold a special place in the land system of the Russian Federation, which determines the specifics of their legal regime.The article explores the legal nature and content of the legal regime for such lands, identifies their differences. The author gives her own definition of the legal regime of lands. The author notes that the legal regime of the reclaimed land and land plots that form part of those lands is highly differentiated. Therefore the author indicates factors that influence this regime. And it is hydro-technical and agroforestry activities performed on those lands that produce the greatest changes in their legal regime. If lands plots that form part of any land category, are recognized as reclaimed lands, it leads to tightening of the legal regime, because these lands need to comply with strict environmental requirements. Reclaimed lands are particularly vulnerable, especially those that form part of the agricultural zones of settlement lands; that is why the legal mechanism for their protection and conservation was established. The author points out to general deterioration of their ecological state, reduction of land and proposes solutions to these problems through legal means.
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Abubakar, Muhammad Abubakar Siddique. "عہد نبوی میں غیرآباد زمینوں کی تقسیم اور آباد کاری، موجودہ مسائل کی روشنی میں خصوصی مطالعہ." Al-Duhaa 3, no. 01 (June 1, 2022): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51665/al-duhaa.003.01.0156.
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Resettlement of uninhabited or uncultivated lands means utilizing the land resources of the state which are not being used for any purpose. Such lands should be made cultivable or used for a purpose which is in the best interest of the state or the people. Modern approaches about better use of land resources are emerging in modern times. The question arises as to what instructions Islam has given regarding the settlement of lands? The principles and rules derived from the biography of the Prophet (S.A.W.) are important among the guidelines of Islam regarding the better use of lands in the sense that it was the best and purest form of Islamic teachings. The present research contains numerous articles on Islamic teachings on better use of land, but no special study of Sirah has been presented. This study presents a special study of Sira on the above subject. This study concludes that special measures were taken for resettlement of uninhabited lands during the Prophet's time. In view of the public needs, these lands were utilized for the betterment of the society.
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Broux, Yanne. "The ousiakos logos, the procurator usiacus, and ousiake ge: was it Vespasian, Domitian or Hadrian?" Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete 67, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 302–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apf-2021-0029.
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Abstract This article challenges the consensus that the Flavians carried out major reforms of imperial properties by creating a separate department, the ousiakos logos, headed by a procurator usiacus, to manage these lands, and that this situation remained unchanged until Diocletian. The available evidence rather points to a reorganization under Hadrian, which was the culmination of a gradual institutionalization of ousiac land in the previous decades.
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Begay, Cynthia, Claradina Soto, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Rosa Barahona, Yaneth L. Rodriguez, Jennifer B. Unger, and Sabrina L. Smiley. "Cigarette and E-Cigarette Retail Marketing on and Near California Tribal Lands." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 1_suppl (January 2020): 18S—26S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839919883254.
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Introduction. Retail settings are major channels for the tobacco industry to market commercial tobacco products. However, few studies have examined marketing strategies on Tribal lands. The resulting evidence is important, especially given that American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth and adults have the highest smoking prevalence of any racial/ethnic group in the United States. In this study, we examined cigarette, e-cigarette, and vape/vaporizer availability, advertising, and price-reducing promotions in retail settings on and within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands in California. Method. Trained AI/AN community health representatives (n = 8) conducted store observations (n = 96) using a checklist adapted from the Standardized Tobacco Assessment for Retail Settings observation tool. Chi-square analyses were performed to look for potential differences in availability, exterior advertising, and price promotions for cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and vapes between stores. Results. All stores sold cigarettes and over 95% sold menthol cigarettes. Nearly 25% of stores on Tribal lands were located inside a casino, and 40.4% of stores on Tribal lands offered a Tribal member discount. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands sold significantly (p < .01) more e-cigarettes (69.8%), including flavored e-cigarettes (53.4%), compared to stores on Tribal lands (37.7% and 28.3%, respectively). Price promotions for cigarettes were significantly (p < .01) more common in stores located within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands (46.5%) than stores on Tribal lands (22.6%). Discussion. To our knowledge, this study is the first to use store observations to examine cigarette and e-cigarette availability, advertising, and price promotions in retail settings on and near California Tribal lands. We recommend future studies build on our initial efforts to take an AI/AN Tribal community-engaged approach in assessing and documenting tobacco marketing practices on and near Tribal lands. Tribal governments can consider tobacco policies to help reduce smoking disparities and advance health equity for their communities.
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Sengar, Bhagya Laxmi, Ragvendra Chauhan, and Akriti Sharma. "Effect of environmental conditions on germination of Albizzia lebbek, Dalbergia sissoo and Terminalia arjuna with special reference to Bundelkhand Region, India." Annals of Plant Sciences 7, no. 1 (July 9, 2018): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.1.12.
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In the Bundelkhand plain sub region areas of Jhansi, Hamirpur and Datia districts, along the banks of rivers like the Pahuj, Betwa and Yamuna, we see Albizzia lebbek (Siris) Dalbergia Sissoo (Shisham) and Terminalia arjuna (Arjun). There is little timber production in Bundelkhand, good teak forests are found only in Sagar and Damoh districts in small patches. Bamboo is found in small patches across the region forests and scrub lands are intensively used by to source firewood for consumption and sale. The aim of the study is to show the effect of soil and atmospheric condition on the growth of forest tree in Bundelkhand region.
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Smiley, Sabrina L., Claradina Soto, Tess Boley Cruz, Natalie Kintz, Yaneth L. Rodriguez, Steve Sussman, and Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati. "Point-of-sale marketing of little cigars and cigarillos on and near California Tribal lands." Tobacco Control 29, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054558.
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IntroductionAmerican Indians have the highest cigarette smoking prevalence of any racial/ethnic group in the USA. Tobacco marketing at point-of-sale is associated with smoking, possibly due to easy access to cheap tobacco products. The sale of novel tobacco products like little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs) has increased in recent years which may further increase combustible tobacco use among American Indians.MethodsBetween October 2015 and February 2017, trained community health workers collected LCC product and price information by conducting audits of tobacco retailers on Tribal lands (n=53) and retailers within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands (n=43) in California. Χ2 analyses were performed to examine associations among the availability and advertising of LCCs, including indoor price promotions and store location.ResultsOverall, 85.4% of stores sold LCCs, 76.0% sold flavoured LCCs and 51.0% sold LCCs for less than $1. Indoor price promotions were displayed at 45 (46.9%) stores. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands sold significantly more LCC (p<0.01) and flavoured LCCs (p=0.01) than stores on Tribal lands. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands also displayed significantly more LCCs priced at less than $1 (p<0.01) than stores on Tribal lands.ConclusionsLCCs are widely available in stores on and near California Tribal lands. Stores located a short distance away from Tribal lands were more likely to sell LCCs, including flavoured versions, more likely to sell LCCs priced below $1, and more likely to advertise little LCC price promotions than stores on Tribal lands. Policy-makers and Tribal leaders should consider regulations that would limit access to LCCs at point of sale to help prevent youth initiation and reduce smoking-related morbidity and mortality among American Indians.
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Talab, Roohangiz Asayesh, and Shahram Amir Entekhabi. "Analysis of endowed lands in spatial development of Rasht city in recent three decades." Environment Conservation Journal 16, SE (December 5, 2015): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2015.se1624.
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Endowment in undoubtedly one of legal cases that its similarities can’t be seen in ay social system especially legal judicial system of countries in the world, because based on written rules of all countries and even ourselves ownership has had especial condition and based on specific regulations ownership of people isn’t deprived. This research by using descriptive and analytic method beside library,attributional studies and field observations analyzed effects of endowed lands in spatial development of Rasht city in three recent decades and the goal of analysis of effects of endowed lands in spatial development of Rasht city and identification and introduction of effective endowed lands in rasht and presenting necessary strategies in the direction of optimized use of endowed lands in the direction of developing Rasht city. Cities basically tend to development and achieve specific geographical titles in the direction of development that each one has concept for district but this urban growth is related with active role of performance of any city.By increasing population in Rasht city due to centrality of province physical and spatial growth of a city became a lot and has changed spatial development of activities of suburb severely and is effective n land use change legally and illegally, as productive functions and natural spaces have been destructed and potential and actual resources are reduced. Therefore in between endowed lands can be effective in some points. Because in Rasht city there are many endowed lands that in case of identification and studying and interaction of offices related with the office of religious affairs of Guilanprovice can use these lands in the bst way. Although surveying of respondents of statistical society was based on the role and moderate to low effect of endowed lands in spatial development of Rasht city but the writer regarding field studies has achieved this point that in case of studying and integrated planningand interaction of offices with each other’s and paving the way for administrative problems and delivering some of these lands to private sector by satisfaction of endowedpeople and or survivors by observing legal religion of these lands we can havesignificant role in spatial development of Rasht city.
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Chen, Jinsong, Wenzhi Cao, Ying Li, Di Cao, and Feifei Wang. "Estimating nitrous oxide emission flux from arable lands in China using improved background emission and fertilizer-induced emission factors." Atmospheric Pollution Research 6, no. 2 (March 2015): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5094/apr.2015.038.
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Thamrin, H. "Management aspects of indigenous lands in environmental conservation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 894, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/894/1/012026.
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Abstract This study is intended to analyze the management aspects of indigenous lands in environmental conservation. This research applies qualitative grounded research methods from the sociology-anthropology-ecology—research shop in Riau Province. The results of the study found that many indigenous peoples had lost their indigenous lands and local wisdom. Therefore, to maintain the sustainability of indigenous land conservation, it is necessary to carry out eco-culture management by considering the following points: First, the right to self-determination regarding the cultural identity one has. The second is territorial rights and indigenous land. The third is collective human rights. Fourth is cultural rights. Fifth is the right to adhere to their own religious and moral belief system and values. Sixth is the right not to be discriminated. Seventh is the right to participate fully in the political process. Eighth is the right to obtain compensation for any activities that have a detrimental impact on the environment and social, cultural, spiritual and moral values. This eco-cultural management perspective needs to be implemented in the government’s socio-political policies, people’s economic policies and ecological sustainability policies.
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Allah Pitchay, Anwar, Mohamed Asmy Mohd Thas Thaker, Al Amin Mydin, Zubir Azhar, and Abdul Rais Abdul Latiff. "Cooperative-waqf model: a proposal to develop idle waqf lands in Malaysia." ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 10, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijif-07-2017-0012.
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Purpose Waqf (Islamic endowment) in the form of cash is important to address the problem of developing idle waqf lands. Although there are various existing models of cash waqf, there is still a need for innovative cash waqf models. This paper aims to offer an alternative mode of financing for developing idle waqf lands using the concepts of cooperatives and waqf. Design/methodology/approach The present study first evaluates relevant literature on financing issues faced by waqf institutions in developing idle waqf lands as well as existing models of cash waqf. Based on the prevailing gap in cash waqf models, the study proposes a hybrid model of cooperative-waqf to finance idle waqf lands in Malaysia. Findings The proposed model is unique owing to the new dimension of membership being embedded into the waqf project. It considers donors as members of the waqf project, which is funded through the cash waqf collected, and thus, donors are given the privilege to receive benefits from the commercialised projects that are developed on the waqf lands. The existing models of cash waqf use traditional methods in which donors merely contribute cash waqf without any awareness of how the contributions are utilised. Usually, this problem occurs due to the lack of reciprocal communication between cash waqf donors and waqf institutions. Research limitations/implications The present study examines the case of waqf land development in the context of Malaysia only. Secondly, the paper does not contain any empirical analysis, and the development of the paper is based on existing literature that discusses various models of cash waqf practised in Muslim-majority and -minority countries. Future research can conduct surveys of donors and other stakeholders on the practicality of the model. Practical implications It is expected that the proposed cooperative-waqf model will be able to create a synchronised relationship between cash waqf donors and waqf institutions and hence boost participation in developing waqf lands. Originality/value The present study adds to the existing literature in the area of waqf and cash waqf models, especially the application of this instrument in the context of Malaysia. It also offers a new hybrid model to the State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) – Malaysia’s sole trustee of waqf assets management – such that the implementation of the proposed model could boost the collection of cash waqf in developing commercial projects on idle waqf lands.
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Elema, Ariella. "Tradition, Innovation, Re-enactment: Hans Talhoffer’s Unusual Weapons." Acta Periodica Duellatorum 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/apd-2019-0001.
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Abstract Multiple manuscripts of Hans Talhoffer’s fifteenth-century Fechtbuch depict duels between combatants wielding faceted clubs and tall shields, as well as combatants in tight-fitting grey clothing, and duels between a man and a woman. Legal ordinances and court records from Talhoffer’s time and before him provide context for these scenarios and this equipment. Customary law regarding judicial duels varied significantly between German regions. It also changed over time, shaped by influences that sometimes originated well outside German-speaking lands. Talhoffer’s work and the Fechtbücher that followed him reflect a practice that spanned multiple regions, preserving fading traditions while embracing new innovations.
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Peng Guang-Han. "A coupling lattice model of traffic flow on two lanes and numerical simulation." Acta Physica Sinica 59, no. 6 (2010): 3824. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.59.3824.
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Flyh Al Mhareb, Talal Medhan. "The Impact of Social Media on Improving the Services of the Department of Lands and Survey in Jordan." Modern Applied Science 13, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v13n10p148.
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The present study aimed to identify the impact of social media on improving the services of the Department of Lands and Survey in Jordan. To meet the study’s goals, a forty-item questionnaire was developed. This questionnaire covers four areas. The questionnaire forms were distributed to 737 service recipients of the Department of Lands and Survey in Jordan. It was found that social media has a significant impact on improving the services of the Department of Lands and Survey in Jordan. It was found that Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, and Twitter have the greatest impact respectively on improving the services of the Department of Lands and Survey in Jordan. It was found that there isn’t any statistically significant difference –at the statistical significance level of (a=0.05)- between the respondents’ attitudes in this regard which can be attributed to (gender or academic qualification). It was found that there is a statistically significant difference –at the statistical significance level of (a=0.05)- between the respondents’ attitudes in this regard which can be attributed to (nationality). The latter difference is for the favor of Jordanians. Based on the afore mentioned results, the researcher recommends:
Distributing pamphlets to the service recipients of the Department of Lands and Survey in Jordan. Such pamphlets must encourage them to follow the official page of the latter department on Twitter
Responding faster to the inquiries of the service recipients of the Department of Lands and Survey that are sent through WhatsApp.
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Galagan, T. I. "Mine technical stage recultivation of the broken lands and its ecological and economical evaluation." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 15, no. 1-2 (March 20, 2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041408.
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An ecological and economical aspect of restoration and organization of use of recultivated lands in agriculture are considered. It is proved that the price of the land which is withdrawn from agricultural production, consists of the price of the importance of the land as nature component, from the land price as basic method of production etc. The methodological workings out for the evaluation of the mine technical stage of land recultivation are offered. It is emphasized, that in any case recultivation of the disturbed lands should be directed on the localization and neutralization of harmful influences on the environment, and on creation of conditions for restoration of fertility of the disturbed lands, especially with use of chernozem mass which preliminary was removed from a disposal area. These are considerable expenses because losses from the agricultural lands consist of the losses from soil losses as the basic means of an agricultural production, from short-received profit in connection with deficiency of soil for restoration of the former productive area and from compensation of the lost agricultural potential. It is noticed, that in the course of carrying out of separate excavation of the fertile layer of chernozem, its transportation and placement in collars, and also application on the leveled surface of the disposal area and planning of this entire surface, the soil undergoes so-called impoverishment, that is mixing of fertile horizons with potentially fertile soils. This process is accompanied by decrease, first of all, content of humus which quantity on the average in 1.5–2 times is less, than in humus horizon of zone chernozems. Thus, the more powerfully layer of the piled mass of chernozem on the rock, so match the bigger was the content of humus which, however, never exceeds a natural indicator. For the first time in the conditions of Steppe Prydniprovia it was carried out the valuation of the basic types of artificial soils at some leading mining enterprises. For the standard is taken the average index of content of humus in not broken old arable lands in a place of creation artificial. Economic calculations have shown, that recultivated lands which have a point 40 and above (content of humus about 2 % and more), are suitable for cultivation almost all agricultural crops. The lands, that have the point from 40 to 20 – are suitable for introduction of hay harvests and hay-fields, and also wood and fruit – and – berry plantings. The lands with an ecological and economical point less than 20 should be used for creation of recreational zones, athletic fields, plots for holiday visitors in the country, forbidden lands, etc. It is affirmed, that those types of soils which have not chernozem soil cover, but are potentially fertile (on occasion), it is possible to involve in agricultural production. These are loess, loess – like loams, their mix with other soils, and also grey-green clay and red-brown clay on which the farmers receive high and stable yield of multicomponent grass mixtures. But in any case, the indicator of the mark estimation decreases owing to mass losses of humus horizon, its impoverishment, reduction of capacity of the layer of fertile chernozem, unsatisfactory carrying out of amelioration operations and chemical kinds of land improvement. These lacks harm to use of recultivated lands in an agricultural production at that level on which they were used earlier. It is established, that recultivated lands as the material substance, are capable to perceive additional investments of work and means. Their fertility is an objective ecological and economical category, which is formed as result of interaction of properties of the created lands, productive forces and industrial relations.
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Midtrød, Tom. "Native American Landholding in the Colonial Hudson Valley." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicr.37.1.243w38p1x351u173.
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Native American patterns of landownership among the Munsee- and Mahican-speaking peoples of the colonial Hudson Valley represented a set of practices that ranged from the communal landholding of larger political groups down to land held by individual families. At times these Indian groups treated their lands as cohesive homelands, and at other times they acted as if lands belonged to particular families. This article suggests that these practices sprang from a flexible political system where power was widely dispersed. Which pattern of landholding predominated at any given time depended on circumstances particular to each historical moment.
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Boccanfuso, Dorothée, Massa Coulibaly, Luc Savard, and Govinda Timilsina. "Macroeconomic and Distributional Impacts of Jatropha Based Biodiesel in Mali." Economies 6, no. 4 (November 23, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies6040063.
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Mali has introduced a program to produce biodiesel using jatropha, a shrub widely available throughout the country. The aim of the program is to partially substitute diesel, which is entirely supplied through imports, with domestically produced biodiesel. In this paper, we use a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and a microsimulation model to analyze macroeconomic and distributional impact of a hypothetical expansion of jatropha based biodiesel industry in Mali. We find that the expansion of biodiesel industry (i.e., both jatropha farming and oil conversion), would increase GDP, though slightly, if idle lands are utilized for jatropha cultivation. However, the expansion of jatropha would cause slight loss in GDP if the existing agriculture land is used for jatropha cultivation. The distributional results are slightly different. We find that rural poverty would decrease no matter whether idle lands or existing agricultural lands are used for jatropha plantation, although the percentage reductions in rural poverty are higher in the former compared to the latter case. Our results indicate that if governments plan to promote jatropha biodiesel they should not allow jatropha to compete with food staples on the existing land. Policies should be targeted to utilize the idle lands which have not been used for any productive use.
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Lima, João Batista Guimarães de, and Joveny Sebastião Cândido de Oliveira. "As Terras Indígenas, a Proteção nos Termos da Constituição Vigente e Normas Infraconstitucionais, sua Demarcação e o Embate na Exploração Destas." REVISTA INTERNACIONAL CONSINTER DE DIREITO 15, no. 15 (December 19, 2022): 367–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.19135/revista.consinter.00015.18.
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The Federal Constitution from 1988 like any other before, protects the indigenous people, the same way the infra-constitutional rules do. In accordance with this Constitution, the private jurisdiction belongs to the Union when it comes to regulate the indigenous population. Likewise, the constitutional text concedes to the aborigines the right of social organization, customs, language, beliefs and traditions, and also the right to the land that they occupy, when the Union takes the responsibility to mark the territory, protect it and enforce the respect to all their goods. The Federal Constitution from 1988 saying (article 231), lands traditionally occupied by the Indians are those by them populated in a permanent aspect, used to their productive activities, those indispensable to the preservation of natural resources, needed to the welfare and to the physical and cultural reproduction, according to the usage, customs, and traditions. To these lands, it is allowed the exclusive enjoyment of the riches of the earth, rivers and lakes that are available there. These lands compose the Union’s wealth, and they are inalienable and nondisposable, and the right over them imprescriptible. The utilization of the water resources, including the energy potential, the research and usage of mineral wealth in indigenous lands can only be realized with an authorization from the National Congress.
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Bathke, John P. "Ocotillo Wind: A Case Study of how Tribal-Federal Governmental Consultation is Failing Tribal Governments and their Spiritual Landscapes through Renewable Energy Development." Human Geography 7, no. 2 (July 2014): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861400700204.
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In an effort to mitigate climate change, the federal government of the United States has recently opened public lands to the development of utility-scale renewable energy projects. The federal government is processing the applications for these projects arbitrarily fast, particularly in southern California and western Arizona. Pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), federal projects trigger government-to-government consultations between the federal government and Tribal governments. The Quechan Indian Nation, whose traditional lands encompass many of these projects, has been forced to defend its cultural resources from destruction by these projects. However, because the federal government has treated these applications in a “fast-track” manner, the tribal consultation process has become extremely rushed, thus not allowing Tribal governments enough time and/or resources to adequately protect their sacred sites on public lands from development. In particular, the Ocotillo Wind Express Facility, within a spiritual landscape important to the Quechan and other Indian Nations, highlights how Tribal governments may not be able to rely on Section 106 tribal consultation and the nomination of landscapes as Traditional Cultural Properties (TCP) to protect their spiritual heritage embedded in public land. The current tools of Section 106 consultation and TCP nomination have proven useless to preserve a cultural landscape, spiritually important to Quechan, from being devastated by a 112-turbine wind project. This article examines how the underlying nature of tribal consultation does not offer Tribal governments any reliable method of protecting their cultural resources on public lands. The federal government diminishes any benefit of tribal consulting when it arbitrarily accelerates the environmental review process on many current renewable energy projects.
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Meisel, Joshua Jerome, Stephen L. Egbert, Joseph P. Brewer, and Xingong Li. "Automated Mapping of Historical Native American Land Allotments at the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation Using Geographic Information Systems." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030183.
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The General Allotment Act of 1887, also known as the Dawes Act, established the legal basis for the United States government to break up remaining tribally-owned reservation lands in the U.S. by allotting individual parcels to tribal members and selling the remaining “surplus.” This research explores the processes involved in mapping these historical allotments and describes a method to automatically generate spatial data of allotments. A custom geographic information systems (GIS) tool was created that takes tabular based allotment land descriptions and digital Public Land Survey (PLSS) databases to automatically generate spatial and attribute data of those land parcels. The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North and South Dakota was used as the initial study area to test the mapping technique, which resulted in successfully auto-mapping over 99.1% of allotted lands on the reservation, including the smallest aliquot parcels. This GIS technique can be used to map any tribal lands or reservation with allotment data available, and currently it can be used to map over 120 individual reservations using publicly available data from the Bureau of Land Management (BLM).
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R, Jenovae. "The Nature of the Four Lands in Kar Narpathu." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-13 (October 6, 2022): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s136.
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It is called natural because it appears and disappears naturally without being created by any object. Everything created by God, from man to living and non-living things, is a part of nature. For a man to live in this world in a good way, the environment around him takes precedence. There is no literature in the world that does not focus on that environment with nature. From the poets of the Sangam age to the poets of the present day, they have adorned nature according to their own accord. Since the man had set up his way of life with nature on that day, they lived happily and without the disease. Today, because of the arrangement of culture, customs, food, clothing, and shelter in accordance with the modern world, it is clear that life is also in a state of rapid decay in accordance with the modern world. Thus, focusing on the natural events of autumn and the cultural messages of that period, the awaiting of the woman for the arrival of the departed man is compared to the scenery of the four lands. Tolkappiyar has prescribed God for only four Thinais. God was not defined for the Palai Thinai (deserted land). Generally, since the desert is a dry area and it is rare for people to see nature and live there, he prioritized only four lands instead of the Palai desert. In that way, the article explores the nature of the four lands in Kar Narpathu’s songs.
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Rahman, MR, and S. Begum. "Land Cover Change Analysis Around the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest of Bangladesh using Remote Sensing and GIS Application." Journal of Science Foundation 9, no. 1-2 (April 18, 2013): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v9i1-2.14652.
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Land cover change is a widespread and prominent feature in Bangladesh. It is more energetic in the South-west coastal region such as Khulna and Satkhira region. The research was completed by 30 years (1980 to 2009) by using four Landsat satellite images (1980, 1989, 2002 and 2009). During research it was originated that the main classes of changes were homestead, fallow land, water bodies and mangrove vegetation in the study area. The most imperative change was observed in fallow lands (the types of cultivable lands with or without any standing crops and also uncultivable lands). Fallow land was decreased, concerning 2,259 sq km in 2009 which land was 3,867 sq km during in 1980. It was dropped 49% to 29% of total study area between the years of 1980 to 2009. The water bodies were increased about 10% in those 30 years, regarding 14% to 24%. The total water bodies covered 1140 sq km at 1980 which was increased 1851 sq km during 2009 in the study area. The sea-level rise, increasing salinity and availability of less fresh water are responsible for inland intrusion of saline water and creating favorable environment for shrimp farming in the region. As a result farmers are converting fallow lands to shrimp farming which is economically very beneficial. Important agricultural and non-agricultural lands also converted by homestead intended for increasing population of Bangladesh. There was only 398 sq km (only 5%) area covered by homestead during 1980. But the homestead covered area was increased about 1490 sq km (19%) at 2009. So, compared to the last 30 years 14% homesteads land cover areas are increased. There was not any astonishing changed in mangrove vegetation. Some mangroves areas were shattered and some other mangroves were full-fledged again in delta areas. The harmful land cover changes are not expectable for the natural environment. But it transpires by many natural and anthropogenic tricks now a day. So, the authority should seize initiatives to protect this category of catastrophe. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v9i1-2.14652 J. Sci. Foundation, 9(1&2): 95-107, June-December 2011
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Perucca, Antonella, Joe Reguengo De Sousa, and Sebastiano Tronto. "Arithmetic Billiards." Recreational Mathematics Magazine 9, no. 16 (June 1, 2022): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rmm-2022-0003.
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Abstract Arithmetic billiards show a nice interplay between arithmetics and geometry. The billiard table is a rectangle with integer side lengths. A pointwise ball moves with constant speed along segments making a 45° angle with the sides and bounces on these. In the classical setting, the ball is shooted from a corner and lands in a corner. We allow the ball to start at any point with integer distances from the sides: either the ball lands in a corner or the trajectory is periodic. The length of the path and of certain segments in the path are precisely (up to the factor √2 or 2√2) the least common multiple and the greatest common divisor of the side lengths.
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Miszewski, Dariusz. "Belarus in Polish eastern policy during the Polish-Soviet War (1919–1920)." Review of Nationalities 12, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2022-0014.
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Abstract The late 19th century saw a national awakening of the Belarusian people. During World War I, under German occupation, the Catholic Belarusian national movement intended to create a sovereign Belarusian state (the Belarusian People;s Republic) or in union with Lithuania (a revived Grand Duchy of Lithuania). After the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia, Orthodox national activists wanted a sovereign Belarus within a federal and democratic Russia. The Belarusian People’s Republic, established in March 1918, was not recognized by any state. Poland, Lithuania and Soviet Russia intended to incorporate the Belarusian lands on an autonomous basis. As a result of the Riga Peace Treaty (1921), the Belarusian lands were divided between Poland and Soviet Russia.
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Lamy, Claire. "Amy Livingstone, Out of Love for my Kin. Aristocratic family Life in the Lands of the Loire, 1000-1200." Médiévales, no. 63 (December 15, 2012): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/medievales.6888.
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Scarre, Chris. "EDITORIAL." Antiquity 89, no. 346 (August 2015): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2015.95.
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In a famous and oft-quoted passage, the Greek historian Herodotus tells us of a curious custom concerning the Scythians, the peoples inhabiting the steppe lands north of the Black Sea. After burying their dead, they purify themselves in a makeshift tent: “when they have set up three pieces of wood leaning against each other, they extend around them woollen cloths; and having joined them together as closely as possible, they throw red-hot stones into a vessel placed in the middle [. . .] They have a sort of hemp growing in this country, very like flax, except in thickness and height: [. . .] When therefore the Scythians have taken some seed of this hemp, they creep under the cloths, and then put the seed on the red-hot stones; but this being put on, smokes, and produces such a steam that no Greek vapour-bath would surpass it. The Scythians, transported with the vapour, shout aloud; and this serves them instead of washing, for they never bathe the body in water” (Herodotus 4.73–75).
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Welch, Joseph H., Perry S. Barboza, Sean D. Farley, and Donald E. Spalinger. "Nutritional Value of Habitat for Moose on Urban and Military Lands." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 158–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/062014-jfwm-045.
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Abstract Moose Alces alces are large and conspicuous animals valued for wildlife watching and hunting opportunities. However, near urban areas they can cause collisions with vehicles and damage to garden and ornamental plants. We studied a population of adult female moose that lives in and around both urban and industrial development on an active Army and Air Force base adjacent to Anchorage, Alaska, to evaluate nutrition and diet, map habitat quality, and model how habitat development affects the number of moose the landscape can support. Population density was moderate and hunter harvest was high in our study area, so we hypothesized that moose in our study area would be in similar condition to other healthy populations in Alaska. We also hypothesized that, in our study area, shrublands would support more moose than any other habitat type and that areas disturbed for urban development would be crucial to maintaining the local moose population. Rump fat depths, blood chemistries, and pregnancy rates in November and March for moose in our study area were consistent with populations in good to moderate condition. Microhistology of composite fecal samples indicated that willows Salix spp. dominated the summer diet, whereas the winter diet was divided among willows, birch Betula spp., and cottonwood Populus balsamifera. Low concentrations of available nitrogen in winter stems limited the number of moose that could be supported in our study area. Shrublands were the most valuable habitat type for moose, theoretically supporting 11–81 times more moose per hectare than any other habitat type. Shrublands were more concentrated within the developed portion of our study area than the surrounding undeveloped portions of the military base; and the access to shrublands in clearings, greenbelts, and parks sustains the productivity of this moose population despite the many disturbances of an urbanized landscape. Our habitat values can be used to model potential impacts of habitat modification on the number of moose the landscape can support.
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Bessière, Jean. "Voir ce que je vois, voir ce que je m’attends à voir : degré zéro de l’écriture du voyage et écriture littéraire du voyage. En citant Henri Michaux et Michel Butor." Interlitteraria 26, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2021.26.2.3.
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Abstract: To see what I expect to see: travel writing's degree zero and literarytravel narratives. With references to Henri Michaux and Michel Butor. This essay examines what arguments can be put forward to explain why readers and critics view travel writing as literary. It offers an answer that does not imply any coded definition of literature and literary works: literary travel writing is the mimesis of the questioning which characterises any literary work. This questioning rests on:
1. The duality of travellers’ perceptions of the foreign lands they discover. They see what they see and what they expect to see; their perceptions are mediated and unmediated, and consequently reflexive and congruent with the cognitive undecipherability of the foreign lands.
2. The paradox of the situation of the traveller/writer. Abroad, the traveller is not viewed as a foreigner; the least difference he/she embodies highlights a paradoxical cognitive undecipherability. The effect of the auctorial enunciation is limited by this paradox.
3. The reflexive construction of the piece of travel writing. Because they bar any meta-description of the foreign land and its people, the duality of perceptions and the traveller’s paradox make the evocations of places and people at once autonomous and implicitly related.
4. The behaviourist approach to the people of the foreign land(s). These restrictions to the traveller’s power to interpret makes the behaviourist approach obligatory. People of foreign lands can be viewed as objective entities.
5. The implicit inferences that human objective entities motivate and suggest an overall questioning. These critical and theoretical views utilise references to Michaux’s and Butor’s travels abroad and their travel writing.
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Frederico, Samuel. "FROM SUBSISTENCE TO FINANCIAL ASSET: THE APPROPRIATION OF THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO LANDS AS A RESOURCE/ De subsistência à ativo financeiro: a apropriação como recurso das terras do Cerrado brasileiro/ la subsistencia a los activos financieros: apropiación como recurso de tierras del Cerrado brasileño." REVISTA NERA, no. 50 (August 31, 2019): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47946/rnera.v0i50.6580.
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This article proposes a typology of the appropriation of Brazilian Cerrado lands as a resource—ranging from subsistence for local peoples, to the current attempt by institutional investors to transform the land into a financial asset—without disregarding its use as a source of power and accumulation by large capitalist farmers. A resource is considered as any product of a relationship mediated by appropriation of a specific natural material by a particular agent. Until 1970s, Cerrado lands were used almost exclusively as a means of subsistence by peasants and indigenous populations. Since then, under a violent expropriation process, land has become a resource for capitalist accumulation and patrimonialist power for large-scale immigrant farmers, with the expansion of the agricultural frontier. Within the context of land grabbing in the 21st century, the arrival of representatives of international financial capital has added to the complexity of the appropriation strategies in which Cerrado lands are considered financial assets. These different perspectives of using land as a resource has increased the number of conflicts and contradictions, with profound negative effects on peasant communities in agricultural frontier areas.
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Artemeva, Olga, Aleksandr Bakulev, Natalya Pozdnyakova, and Sergey Tyurin. "Dynamic mapping of disturbed lands using remote sensing data." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 2 (2022): 785–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-785-799.
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Due to the increase in the areas of disturbed lands, the relevance of developing methods and methods for obtaining and analyzing spatial data in order to make decisions on rational nature management is increasing every year. Monitoring of natural and anthropogenic systems is largely related to the collection, analysis and visualization of dynamic processes, so the technologies for compiling of dynamic maps are at the peak of relevance. A number of factors necessitate the using of dynamic geoimages. Firstly, these images are an inseparable combination of spatial-temporal links on the certain areas. Secondly, it is the possibility of a full-fledged analysis of spatial changes taking into account time. Thirdly, it is the forecasting of natural and socio-economic factors and phenomena. In addition, dynamic mapping opens up opportunities for multimedia data visualization, which increases the observer’s perception of geoimages by several times with the focus on specific objects. Remote sensing data is one of the main sources for compiling and updating thematic dynamic maps. This article demonstrates the development of the method for creating working layers used in geographic information systems (GIS) for compiling dynamic maps using remote sensing data. The authors note a distinctive feature of the methodology: it is aimed at a wide range of users who do not fully have the skills and abilities to work with remote sensing data. These are managers of any level, whose direct work is not related to the compiling of geo-images, but whose competence is to make managerial decisions. Another advantage of the described methods is its implementation in an open source GIS (QGIS), as well as its application not only for single images, but also for a mosaic image. The article presents a description of the entire path from image processing to the creation of visual images. Disturbed lands of the Zabaykalsky Krai of the Russian Federation were chosen as a special example of working polygons. These territories have a large number of environmental problems, causing an increase in the areas of disturbed lands: open pits, an increase in the number of mining and processing factories, degradation of agricultural and forest lands due to anthropogenic activities and erosion processes, active seismic processes, mudflows and avalanche hazard.
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Ebro, Abule, Kahsay Berhe, Yasin Getahun, Zewdie Adane, Nigatu Alemayehu, YismaShawal Fayisa, and Azage Tegegne. "Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.): Land use/land cover changes and community-based management in east Shoa zone, Ethiopia." International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research 3, no. 5 (May 31, 2017): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25125/agriculture-journal-ijoear-apr-2017-2.
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Colvin, J. Michael. "Out of Love for My Kin: Aristocratic Family Life in the Lands of the Loire, 1000–1200 by Amy Livingstone." Comitatus: A Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 42, no. 1 (2011): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cjm.2011.0040.
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