Academic literature on the topic 'Approximation locale d'une fonction'
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Journal articles on the topic "Approximation locale d'une fonction"
Diyer, Okacha, Naceur Achtaich, and Khalid Najib. "Etude de cohérence entre aspect relationnel et satisfaction des apprenants à travers la pédagogie différenciée." ITM Web of Conferences 39 (2021): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20213904002.
Full textZamansky, Marc. "Propri�t�s diff�rentielles d'une fonction et approximation." Archiv der Mathematik 48, no. 5 (May 1987): 438–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01189637.
Full textWanner, P. "L'organisation spatiale de la fécondité dans les agglomérations : le cas de la Suisse : 1989–1992." Geographica Helvetica 55, no. 4 (December 31, 2000): 238–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-55-238-2000.
Full textRey, Bernard, and U. Jacob. "Modalités d'exploitation des caprins dans la province de Ngozi, Burundi." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 46, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9420.
Full textHoule, J., and C. Guillou-Ouellette. "Dossiers des coroners sur la mortalité par suicide à Montréal : limites et incidences sur les stratégies de prévention du suicide." Maladies chroniques et blessures au Canada 34, no. 1 (February 2014): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.34.1.04f.
Full textRudant, Jean-Paul, and Pierre-Louis Frison. "Télédétection radar : de l'image d'intensité initiale au choix du mode de calibration des coefficients de diffusion beta 0, sigma 0, gamma 0." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 219-220 (December 10, 2019): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2019.454.
Full textBruno, Francesca, Kouakou Kouassi, Marie-Rose Moro, and Dominique Bernard. "Réimaginer la rencontre : utilisation du concept de contre-transfert culturel au retour d’une expérience d’expatriation." Alterstice 6, no. 2 (July 25, 2017): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040632ar.
Full textComtois, Paul, and Serge Payette. "Le développement spatial et floristique des populations clonales de peupliers baumier (Populus balsamifera L.) au Nouveau-Québec." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032665ar.
Full textGombert, P. "Stratégie de prospection hydrogéologique du socle de la bordure orientale tchadienne par optimisation du nombre et de la profondeur des sondages de reconnaissance." Revue des sciences de l'eau 12, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 597–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705368ar.
Full textGrodziski, Stanisław, and Henryk Olszewski. "Środowisko historycznoprawne w Polsce (1991-2000)." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 53, no. 1 (June 30, 2001): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cph.2001.1.1.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Approximation locale d'une fonction"
Belhaj, Amor Fatma. "Enseignement et apprentissage des approximations locales des fonctions au début du cursus dans le Supérieur - Cas des classes préparatoires aux études d'ingénieurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04051033.
Full textAt the beginning of the preparatory classes for engineering studies, the concepts of the comparison relation of functions, the Taylor-Young formula and limited developments have as a fundamental characteristic that of solving problems of local approximations of functions and of physical, mechanical, optical modelling, etc. A review of works related to the didactical field of Analysis led us to the hypothesis that the identification and the characterization of the obstacles related to the appropriation and the reasoned use of the notions of local approximation of a function, contribute significantly to the study of the nature and the origin of the difficulties encountered by the students concerning the conceptualization of these objects in the first year of the Physics-Chemistry section (PC). These obstacles result a priori in large part from the absence of mathematical situations devolved to the students requiring the use of graphical representations. In order to overcome these epistemological, didactical and cultural obstacles and to allow the students to give meaning to the concept of local approximation of a function, we have elaborated and implemented, in collaboration with the teacher of the first year class (PC), a didactical engineering of development by the integration of two situations with an adidactical dimension in the teaching of the chapter "Asymptotic analysis". This engineering, built within the framework of the theory of didactical situations, aims at introducing this concept by the articulation of the semantic and syntactic dimensions and the mobilization of its various representations by using a dynamic software of geometry Geogebra for graphic constructions. The didactical analysis of the reasoning, which underlie the resolution procedures of the students, informs us very precisely on the knowledge and the knowledges mobilized by confrontation with the various situations, on the nature and the type of reasonings as well as on the semantic and/or syntactic dimensions inherent to its various stages. In our work, the experimentation combining the visualization of "dynamic" graphical representations and the mathematical reasoning, produced by the students by mobilizing their previous knowledge on the study of a function, contributed to an analytical approach allowing the introduction of the formal definition of the limited development with all the complexity of the work in the paradigm [Infinitesimal Analysis] which couples topology and Functional Analysis. Engineering also allowed, within the groups and in the whole class, to generate discussions, to bring exchanges and to make the students perceive the richness of the articulation of the various representations of the concept of local approximation of a function to pose reasoning articulating the semantic and syntactic dimensions. Thus, instead of focusing initially on the formal process of conceptualizing the limited development of order n of a function in the neighborhood of a real, it becomes possible to precisely target the graphical representations of a function and its successive polynomial approximations (of order 1, 2, 3 and 4) as an object to visualize the improvement of the polynomial approximation when the order increases; thus the approximation error decreases and it will be "better" in the neighborhood of this real. The engineering allowed the adaptation of the situations produced to the ordinary conditions of teaching and to the needs of the teachers. This study will thus be able to play a role in the training of teachers from the point of view of the construction of knowledge, the importance of didactical contract and the opening on their training by the use of the graphic framework by a work in the environment of technology at the time of the teaching of the new concepts at the Higher level
Nembot, Moïse. "Le glas de la fonction publique dans les États d'Afrique francophone : essai sur la signification d'une institution en quête de légitimité." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010270.
Full textOn the administrative colonial structures, the civil service set up in french speaking African countries contained a germ of its destruction. Despite various influences and numerous needs which led each state to build its own system, civil service in these countries still have the same problems today which are financials difficulties and more important identity crisis. European thinking behind these law making principles imported in the continent and african socioculturals realities are in conflit. Personal connections often insure employment in the civil service while bureaucratic principles are ignored. The outcomes of such a recruitment are numerous size of the civil servant which engender budget deficits. The state overspends the main part of its means paving state agents, therefore sets the civil service up as a seperate group rejected by the population at large. French speaking authorites call for help international financial institution. They impose to those countries drastics reforms that doing possible fails because of the lack of the popular acceptation, two ways can help to solve problems : the generalization of the contract in the civil service ; endow local authorities with self management powers concerning publics duties
Nguyen, Huu Phuc. "Développement d'une commande à modèle partiel appris : analyse théorique et étude pratique." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2323/document.
Full textIn classical control theory, the control law is generally built, based on the theoretical model of the system. That means that the mathematical equations representing the system dynamics are used to stabilize the closed loop. But in practice, the actual system differs from the theory, for example, the nonlinearity, the varied parameters and the unknown disturbances of the system. The proposed approach in this work is based on the knowledge of the plant system by using not only the analytical model but also the experimental data. The input values stabilizing the system on open loop, that minimize a cost function, for example, the distance between the desired output and the predicted output, or maximize a reward function are calculated by an optimal algorithm. The key idea of this approach is to use a numerical behavior model of the system as a prediction function on the joint state and input spaces or input-output spaces to find the controller’s output. To do this, a new non-linear control concept is proposed, based on an existing controller that uses a prediction map built on the state-space. The prediction model is initialized by using the best knowledge a priori of the system. It is then improved by using a learning algorithm based on the sensors’ data. Two types of prediction map are employed: the first one is based on the state-space model; the second one is represented by an input-output model. The output of the controller, that minimizes the error between the predicted output from the prediction model and the desired output, will be found using optimal algorithm. The application of the proposed controller has been made on various systems. Some real experiments for quadricopter, some actual tests for the electrical vehicle Zoé show its ability and efficiency to complex and fast systems. Other the results in simulation are tested in order to investigate and study the performance of the proposed controller. This approach is also used to estimate the rotor speed of the induction machine by considering the rotor speed as the input of the system
Lauber, Marianne. "Nombres de Lelong et nombres de Milnor d'une singularité isolée." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10028.
Full textMadani, Soffana. "Contributions à l’estimation à noyau de fonctionnelles de la fonction de répartition avec applications en sciences économiques et de gestion." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1183/document.
Full textThe income distribution of a population, the distribution of failure times of a system and the evolution of the surplus in with-profit policies - studied in economics and management - are related to continuous functions belonging to the class of functionals of the distribution function. Our thesis covers the kernel estimation of some functionals of the distribution function with applications in economics and management. In the first chapter, we offer local polynomial estimators in the i.i.d. case of two functionals of the distribution function, written LF and TF , which are useful to produce the smooth estimators of the Lorenz curve and the scaled total time on test transform. The estimation method is described in Abdous, Berlinet and Hengartner (2003) and we prove the good asymptotic behavior of the local polynomial estimators. Until now, Gastwirth (1972) and Barlow and Campo (1975) have defined continuous piecewise estimators of the Lorenz curve and the scaled total time on test transform, which do not respect the continuity of the original curves. Illustrations on simulated and real data are given. The second chapter is intended to provide smooth estimators in the i.i.d. case of the derivatives of the two functionals of the distribution function presented in the last chapter. Apart from the estimation of the first derivative of the function TF with a smooth estimation of the distribution function, the estimation method is the local polynomial approximation of functionals of the distribution function detailed in Berlinet and Thomas-Agnan (2004). Various types of convergence and asymptotic normality are obtained, including the probability density function and its derivatives. Simulations appear and are discussed. The starting point of the third chapter is the Parzen-Rosenblatt estimator (Rosenblatt (1956), Parzen (1964)) of the probability density function. We first improve the bias of this estimator and its derivatives by using higher order kernels (Berlinet (1993)). Then we find the modified conditions for the asymptotic normality of these estimators. Finally, we build a method to remove boundary effects of the estimators of the probability density function and its derivatives, thanks to higher order derivatives. We are interested, in this final chapter, in the hazard rate function which, unlike the two functionals of the distribution function explored in the first chapter, is not a fraction of two linear functionals of the distribution function. In the i.i.d. case, kernel estimators of the hazard rate and its derivatives are produced from the kernel estimators of the probability density function and its derivatives. The asymptotic normality of the first estimators is logically obtained from the second ones. Then, we are placed in the multiplicative intensity model, a more general framework including censored and dependent data. We complete the described method in Ramlau-Hansen (1983) to obtain good asymptotic properties of the estimators of the hazard rate and its derivatives and we try to adopt the local polynomial approximation in this context. The surplus rate in with-profit policies will be nonparametrically estimated as its mathematical expression depends on transition rates (hazard rates from one state to another) in a Markov chain (Ramlau-Hansen (1991), Norberg (1999))
Brenot, Dominique. "Transmission du son à l'intérieur d'une structure axisymétrique." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066022.
Full textGutlé, Claudine. "Espaces orbitalaires et théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité : éléments pour le développement d' une approche de la chimie quantique basée sur le théorème de Hohenberg et Kohn ainsi que sur l' équation de Schrödinger, et qui conduit à des résultats exacts en suivant une systématique gouvernée par l' espace orbitalaire." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077160.
Full textPignoly, Ariane. "La mise en place de la démarche de gestion prévisionnelle des emplois et des compétences à la Ville de Lyon : manifestation d'une forme hybride de gestion des ressources humaines dans la fonction publique territoriale française ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO22022.
Full textIn the last two decades Human Resource Management (HRM) has become one of the main concern of the French public sector. Indeed, for many years Human Resource Management was only focused on complying with the rules and headcount administration. Nowadays, due to public service evolutions, demographic challenges and organizational changes, strategic and technical evolutions, the burrowing of budgetary constraint, make Human Resources Management a strategic function. More than that in an international context of public sector modernization, based on New Public Management ideas, France wants to use a new logic in order to make the French administration more efficient. As a result the spreading of Strategic Workforce Planning is seen as an obligation in public organizations. In a context of demographic changes, resource sharing increase, decentralizations and control of public expenditures, Strategic Workforce Planning appears as an obligation to public sector executives. In the City of Lyon, we try to analyze how an administration is increasing its Human Resource Management by using Strategic Workforce Planning. Thanks to our work we want to better understand the current issues in French territorial civil service but also its evolution in terms of human resources management and production of public service. Strategic Workforce Planning in Lyon is an "hybrid" form of public HRM and private HRM : it mixes status (law and public rules) and private competencies and skills vision. This mix of practices of both private and public human resources management causes the emergence of a new model between tradition and renewal. We are facing a neo-bureaucracy oscillating between status logic and a new logic of "modern" HRM more focused on skills dimension
Book chapters on the topic "Approximation locale d'une fonction"
CEA, Roberto. "Politique de santé entre concurrence scientifique et pouvoir des experts." In Les épidémies au prisme des SHS, 109–14. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5996.
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