Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Appropriation (psychologie) – Innovations technologiques'
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Besbes, Abir. "Contribution à la modélisation de la formation des pratiques liées à l’appropriation technologique multi-niveaux : Cas du commerce électronique dans le contexte tunisien." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ0004.
Full textThe problem of the dissonance between technology and the degree of its use and appropriation is undoubtedly complex. In the Tunisian context, e-commerce is one of the emblems of this problem. The phenomenon is complex and cannot be reduced to simple causes or simple facts. We are looking in general at how the appropriation of technology is constructed at the individual, organizational and ecosystem levels in the case of electronic commerce. To study such a phenomenon linked to complex organizations which act in a complex way in a complex environment, we combine the complexity approach and the appropriation approach. These two theoretical approaches were mobilized with the principles of intelligibility to model in a systemic way the ecosystem of e-commerce and the process of action as well as the processes of formation of practices related to technological appropriation at the individual and organizational levels.In an epistemological posture based on the multi-paradigm, we advocate methodological principles related to the construction of knowledge. Our qualitative research follows an abductive approach and is based on the plurality of methods as strategies for accessing data (multiple case studies and phenomenology) considering the diversity of the units of analysis (consumers, enterprises, experts and administrative officers). In a preliminary phase of empirical exploration, we conducted 25 non-directive interviews with Tunisian Internet users and enterprises that have already adopted e-commerce. In a later phase, we conducted 51 semi-structured in-depth interviews, 33 questionnaires, 3 non-participating observations and 4 group interviews which they incorporate the association network technique.In this case, the e-commerce ecosystem is presented not simply as an elementary unit or a global unit grouping components and actors, but as a complex unit made up of various elements, having specific qualities and others emerging and comprising antagonistic forces as well as constraints that produce inhibitions. The idea of complex unit has helped us to conceive at the same time the whole ecosystem, its various components and the relationships between them. The order and the disorder of the ecosystem have been recognized in antagonistic, complementary and competing ways. Thus, we move from a partial explanation to a holistic explanation and then to a complex explanation. Our study suggests that there is an accumulation of multi-level problems that inhibit the formation of practices related to the appropriation of e-commerce in the Tunisian context. Order is incapable of gaining ground on disorder. There are no rich and proliferating interactions of which considerable transformations can change the entire ecosystem. Entropy and negentropy at the ecosystem level are found in obstruction by a blockage in feedback and reorganization.To reduce the dissonance observed between technology and the evolution of its use and appropriation practices, we propose a managerial model made up of seven actions likely to be performing in the case of e-commerce: Think Different, reformulate strategies, strengthen transformative capacity through power, develop the interactions, establish a system of ethics, reshape the system of meaning and reinforce trust in the social space
Pottier, Géraldine. "Rôle de l’acceptabilité dans l’interaction entre un véhicule conventionnel et un véhicule automatisé." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20005.
Full textThe central theme of the thesis concerns the role of acceptability in the interaction between a conventional vehicle driven by a human and an automated vehicle. A meta-analysis synthesizing the determinants of the acceptability of a new technology is a first study. The results showed that acceptability was predicted by six factors: behavioural intention, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, social influence and feeling of control. A second study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the acceptability judgment on the difference in be-haviour stated by the driver of a conventional vehicle during interaction with an automated vehicle. The results showed that low acceptability is associated with cautious behaviour towards the automated vehicle. A third study, conducted on a driving simulator, showed that conventional vehicle drivers who have a high acceptability behave in the same way towards an automated vehicle and a conventional vehicle. To conclude, this thesis questions the role of the acceptability of a technologic device in the interaction with it
Le, Goff Jean-Louis. "Savoirs et savoir-faire dans les transferts de technologie : appropriation locale des connaissances et dynamique du progrès technique." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070115.
Full textIn the research literature on technology transfers, few studies relate to the modalities of their implementation. These aspects are however essential in order to understand the control of a technical capacity at the crucial moment of its appropriation. The technological modernisation of business requires a large capacity to adapt, because the success of operation depends a priori on the technical, organisational and human means mobilised for the integration of technologies into local demands. Employing principally several cases of transfers in chile, in the telecommunications sectors and the car industry, the author shows that the evolution of the job-training capacities of receiving firms is in correlation with a dynamic of technical progress developped by rich countries. The consequences which result for actors in transfers reveal themselves to be eminently contradictory. The expansion of information technologies in the western firms is the principal factor behind a paradigmatic change in the conditions of production of goods and services. In this context, the type of knowledge which was indispensable in the past to drive the production process loses its functional importance, because automatic production systems have, in past, absorbed them. Furthermore the draconian control of conditions of production places these operational capacities in complex procedures which inhibits their development. The systematisation of the means of production and control requires, however, a symetrical flexibility of the organisation of work. The majority of latin-american firms are not yet engaged in this reforms
Roy, Alexis. "Expertise et appropriation du risque : le cas de la commission du génie biomoléculaire. Analyse sociologique d'un dispositif d'accompagnement de l'innovation." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL365.
Full textBen, Zina Karoui Sonia. "L'Influence des variables culturelles et individuelles sur le processus d'adoption des innovations : une comparaison France-Tunisie." Chambéry, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CHAML001.
Full textThe introduction of the new products on the market constitutes a key success factor which can be with the ascent of increase in the productivity, improvement of the competitive position, adaptation to the environment and survival of the firm. The importance of these stakes requires looking further into the knowledge of principal determining success of the innovations, which are the innovators. Which are the cultural and individual characteristics of this segment of consumers? And which are the similarities and the difference between France and Tunisia, on the level of the interaction of these variables on the innovating behavior? It is the interrogations which we tried to answer. We developed an integrating framework of research which takes into account the individual innovativeness and the innovating behavior, but also the cultural variables likely to act on the process of adoption of the innovations in the field of mobile telephony. The perception of the innovation and the implication with regard to this category of product were also introduced into the explanatory model of the Innovating behavior, but as moderating variables. In accordance with the etic approach, we proposed a double validation of our conceptual model and this within the French and Tunisian framework. The results distinctly show the relevance of the taking into account of the innovativeness of the consumer of the innovating behavior and make it possible to appreciate the effect of cultural dimensions o the adoption of the innovations. The integration of the innovation and the risk perceived as well as the implication with regard to the category of product likes variables which can moderate the relation between the innovativeness and the innovating behavior, proved to be paying. Strong of the differences and the similarities highlighted between the two empirical contexts, this research has as an ambition to highlight a transcultural segment of innovators for the selected category of product. Specificities of each segment of French and Tunisian innovators could be indexed. It would seem that certain cultural or individual characteristics of the innovator are generalizable whereas others are specific to the economic or social context of membership country. Ultimate stake of this doctoral work being to allow the firms which act on the international markets to establish an international segmentation and to set up moderate strategies, which neither are completely standardized nor completely adapted
Ronteau, Sébastien. "Les dynamiques d'institutionnalisation de l'innovation dans les organisations : pour une compréhension des capacités des organisations à innover dans la durée." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ECAP1050.
Full textThis thesis stems from recent developments of research dealing with organizational capabilities to innovate. The traditional approach of the strategic management of innovation or corporate entrepreneurship appears to be prisoners of an “action-structure” duality. In contrast, our research aims at grasping the intraorganizational dynamics which are at work to give sense associate to innovative activities and innovation. Calling upon contributions from the field of intraorganizational institutions, we examine those dynamics as (a) productions of institutionalized forms around innovation, (b) effects on the innovative activities, and (c) their ordering in an institutional work. The methodological design of our research consists in an extended case method based upon four case studies. Secondary data were collected and semi-structured interviews were the conducted and submitted to a qualitative analysis. The results of this research suggest that intraorganizational institutions are a relevant theoretical frame to describe sensemaking around innovation and innovative activities within organizations. This thus helps better understand organizational capabilities to maintain innovation. Through a process of institutionalization, members of the organization and groups share a common understanding of the organization’s “innovation patrimony”. This social construct helps them deal with the anxiety attached to innovating. Organizational capabilities to maintain innovation rely on resilient capacities of “innovation-institutions” to give sense either directly via the institutionalized or more indirectly via the institutionalizing
Jennewein, Klaus Christoph. "Intellectual property management in multinational corporations : a study of the role of patents and complementary brand equity in the appropriation of investments in research and development." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0945.
Full textMabchour, Rachid. "Usages et appropriation des technologies de l’information et de la communication au Maroc : le cas du téléphone portable." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/168347326#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textEither « developed », « emerging » or « developing », every society is under the IT influence. Among all these technologies is the mobile phone, which through its strong growth, is a challenge both for sociability studies and IT technologies uses studies. This thesis, whose central theme is devoted to NTIC in Morocco and in particular on the mobile phone, aims for exploring, through three parts divided in chapters, the direct or indirect connection existing between the use of the mobile phone and other phenomenons. This study is intended to give parts of answers to the reasons of the strong interest the Moroccan population takes in owning this media and analyse its distribution process as a technological innovation in this society. The most significant part of our study is the surveys carried out in Morocco and France. This field research makes the link between two areas in Morocco and two others in France regarding the MRE1. So, through this contribution, we detect, after the analysis of the surveys, that the use of the Mobile phone does not only result from technologies but definitely issues from multidisciplinary behaviours. It does not only rely on age, sex or social and occupational criteria but calls for the notion of «homo situs», notion which sends back to the black box, made of the the culture, language, religion and tradition of the user
Dias, Campos Roberta. "La transmission familiale comme clé de lecture du processus de diffusion des innovations : une approche interprétative et microsociale de l'adoption et de la consommation de produits et services de beauté." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H049.
Full textEven considering that the field of research for diffusion of innovations theoretically is a mature territory, its approach is predominantly macrosocial and quantitative. The cultural, symbolic or social aspects of the diffusion process may still be explored, by means of a microsocial and qualitative lenses. This study aimed at investigating the influence of the family transmissions in the innovation diffusion process in beauty products, by having the popular class family in brazil as a unit of analysis. The family transmission analysis is based on two theoretical keys: the socialization process and the influence among generations. Two generations of women from fifteen families were interviewed. The method chosen was their life story interview, complemented by the household and children observation. As a result, we put together a set of contributions, distributed into three theme groups. The first group introduced the consumer’s development phases, from the construction of taste to the adjustment of the consumption. Next, we introduced a typology of influences in the process of transmitting novelties, as well as a consumer strategy to manipulate the influential sources, called the confirmation circle. We further described the types of transmission of innovations, which are in favor of the reproduction or even of the renewal of the system of practices and values of the origin family. This study contributed to expliciting the close articulation between the adoption of innovations and the social structure, cultural values, context, the incorporation of a pattern related to consumption taste and imagery
Brau, Thomas. "Processus psychologique de la création d'une entreprise innovante : de l'engagement entrepreneurial à la survie de l'entreprise." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0647.
Full textPannard, Myriam. "Exploration de l’expérience vécue et de la mise en sens des enjeux éthiques et psychosociaux lies aux innovations technologiques et thérapeutiques en oncogénétique : une approche critique." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2118/document.
Full textGenetic testing for cancer, which aims to identify hereditary predispositions to cancer, is a dynamic medical field, where many technological and therapeutic innovations emerge. Scientific progress allows genetic testing to be both less expensive, faster and more efficient, which paradoxically raises new ethical and psychosocial issues, such as the patient’s ability to give informedconsent, or the risk of misuses of genetic testing. These changes led us to explore how lived experience is mobilized in the process of making sense of the ethical and psychosocial issues related to innovations in the field of genetic testing of cancer. This research, anchored in social psychology, is based on a critical approach of health issues, which questions the needs, expectations and constraints of health professionals and patients, and the power relationships that take place both at the interindividual level and, on a larger scale, within health policies. Based on the theoretical notion of lived experience, we aimed to understand how individuals make sense of their world, and more particularly of innovations in the field of genetic testing. Lived experience, necessarily social and socially constructed, has many dimensions, among which we chose to investigate the following three: - A practical dimension, based on the study of doctor patient-relationship, - A knowledge dimension, investigated through the negotiation of expert knowledge and common sense thanks to the social representations theory, - And an emotional dimension, based on the study of the phenomena of emotion regulation and social sharing of emotions.Based on the principles of methodological and data triangulation, our exploration was based on two complementary qualitative studies. The first study aimed to investigate sense making processes related to professional activities and how health professionals working in genetic testing for cancer imagine their future and the future of genetic testing. We led 27 semi-structured interviews with genetic counsellors and clinical geneticists. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was performed analyze the data gathered, with the assistance of N-Vivo software. The second study aimed to explore the co-construction of representations related to new uses to genetic testing of cancer, and to investigate the impact of lived experience on the understanding of ethical issues related to genetic testing. We led ten focus groups, based mostly on the resolution of ethical dilemmas, with 18 women who attended at least one genetic counselling consultation, and 21 women who did not have a similar experience. All women were recruited thanks to the online collaborative research platform “Les Seintinelles”, which constitutes a cancer related community of interest.This research allowed us to highlight the social nature of genetic testing of cancer. This medical field is defined by two main goals: allowing carriers of genetic predisposition to undergo preventive measures, and making sense of a family history of cancer. Genetic counselling professionals report a high level of personal involvement in their work and emotion regulation strategies acquired on purpose and based on a strict division between their personal and professional life. The acknowledgement oftheir professional skills and the perceived quality of their relationships with their patients contribute highly to the work-related satisfaction of genetic testing professionals. The doctor-patient relationship is structured by an ideal of non-directivity, which can be questioned by the need to accompany and protect the patients, who are considered as vulnerable. Because of the risks of misuses of genetic testing, the strict legislation related to these practices in France is most often considered as valuable.Clinical geneticists and genetic counsellors are considered the most likely to provide genetic testing within an ethical framework
Moreiro, Leslie. "L’appropriation d’une technologie peut-elle entraîner le développement d’une compétence distribuée entre l'homme et la technologie ? Le cas de la viticulture de précision." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS380.
Full textThe aim of this work is to understand how appropriation of technology can develop a competence distributed between human and technology. We examine a particular field of study, that is precision viticulture technology. These technologies allow to characterize spatial and temporal heterogeneity of plots and to modulate wine-making practices according to vine’s needs. We have made a state of the art and some semi-structured interviews to lead to an individual and cross cases analysis of seven cases.This work rely on five research proposals: 1) Competence is a dynamic process which depend of a social judgment, carried out during activity by a subject who combine his internal resources with external and contextualized resources in order to reach an aim, realize a task.2) Competence is composed by internal and external resources of a subject and by pattern which allow to coordinate them. 3) Technology, by the way of the concept of instrument, composed by artifact and scheme can provide resources and pattern needed to competence’s implementation. 4) This can be possible thanks to appropriation, by two ways. Instrumentalization changes resources of instrument and instrumentation allows development of distributed structure which coordinates resources. 5) This highlight the socially and temporal distribution of competence and the distribution between human and technology. This distribution is possible at individual level, collective level and organizational level
Vaillies, Sophie. "Innovations stratégiques ou stratégies d'innovation : étude des processus communicationnels et des paradoxes dans la conception et la mise en place de projets technologiques "contractualisés"." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30055.
Full textThat it is of architecture, educational, social or data processing, we can define the project as an intention, a desire shared by a whole of individuals. The project is thus a social construction of reality, a meeting between the intentions of actors and the data of the world. In this conception, the project must then tend towards a mutual assent of the various actors for the result and the success of this collective construction. Nevertheless, this "constructivist" approach of the projects who integrates the concept of shared intention, does not seem an obviousness since we plunge ourselves empirically in the heart of the technological projects. Each actor of the situation, having his own representation of the project and his own stakes, the work of design and integration of the future tool is not thus any more the result of a collective production but a genuine strategic tool with the service of the intentions of each one
Jeannot, Florence. "Influence de la distance temporelle et de la simulation mentale anticipative sur l'adoption d'innovations technologiques : le rôle du degré de nouveauté et de l'expertise dans la catégorie de produits." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835316.
Full textZiegelbaum, Hélène. "Nouvelles approches dans la recherche d'innovation en agroalimentaire : mise au point et valorisation de nouvelles procédures pour mieux connaître la perception des produits alimentaires par les consommateurs." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30110.
Full textRenusson, d'Hauteville François de. "Un modèle d'acceptation du nouveau produit par le consommateur : cas du vin allégé en alcool." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20019.
Full textGlaisner, Johan. "Dynamiques d'innovation dans les PME moyenne et basse technologie : exploration par le locus de contrôle des dirigeants et la capacité d'expérimentation." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G020.
Full textThis research focus on the LMT SMEs. We developed a heuristic framework linking the manager’s locus of control, experimentation capacity and company performance. A survey conducted on West of France industrial SMEs returned 98 exploitable questionnaires. The analysis of the data allowed the construction of two typologies. The first one, founded on the locus of control highlighted three groups of individuals: the externals, the unspecified and the internals. The identification of an intermediary class, the unspecified, is an important contribution. The unspecified profile is not closely associated with variables describing the capacity for experimentation and performance. This highlights that only the individuals with a strong determined locus of control affect (positively for internals and negatively for externals) experimentation capacity and company performance. The second typology founded on the experimentation capacity also reveals three groups : the isolated, the relational actors and the experimenters. No significant association exists between the isolated group, who do not experiment and the organisation’s performance. The relational actors develop collaborative activities but in the absence of an internal development dynamic of competences, the results are judged as being not as good as those of competitors. The experimenters associate collaborative work, the development of competences and the in-house formalisation of knowledge. They obtain greater technological specificity. The acknowledgement of an association between profiles suggests that the experimentation capacity plays a mediatory role between the locus of control and the performance of SMEs
Guyot, Benoit. "Appropriation des technologies et gestion de la performance sportive : sujet d'étude : le rugby professionnel en France." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100103/document.
Full textThe history and institutionalisation of rugby in France has led to the establishment of a set of rules that make it possible to define, and thus make possible, the practice of rugby. These rules focus on the game, the establishment of a ranking, but also on the status of clubs and their interaction. The institutionalisation of rugby has made it possible for major changes in the way rugby is played, with the creation of federations and the transition into professionalism in 1995. After a century of resolute opposition to the idea that rugby could shift into an era of professional practice, the institutions in place finally accepted the need to change from the growing pressure from players (media, sponsors and players) to professionalise. The challenge of such a change is that rugby can finally be considered as an economic activity in its own right. Professionalisation has led to players no longer considering "rugby" in the same way. Formerly deeply rooted in amateurism, rugby has now become an essential support for a profitable entertainment product. The sports structures have adapted to professionalism by adapting their statutes but also, above all else, by defining their new business model. In analysing club strategy, maximizing sports performance is a key element, impacting the ranking institution to which the club belongs. The clubs, in an effort to optimize their business model, have gradually integrated the use of technological tools and the exploitation of the resulting data. This work attempts to analyse the factors of adoption and appropriation of technology in the context of club performance, within the elite league in France: the Top14
Zhong, Zeling. "Comprendre l’appropriation des objets connectés grand public : une approche de modélisation à composants hiérarchiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE017.
Full textAccording to Hoffman & Novak (2018), the smart connected object is presenting new opportunities for usage experience that have the potential to revolutionize consumers' lives. The main challenge for smart connected objects is to integrate their use into the daily practices of consumers by actively producing usage data in the long-term, namely appropriation. This research has validated the explanatory model of consumer smart connected object appropriation through the psychological needs of French consumers regarding their smart connected objects. Our results show that the smart connected object appropriation is strongly correlated with the need for self-identity, the need for having a place, the need for efficacy and effectance. And the smart connected object appropriation has a positive impact on perceived value of smart connected objects by consumers, their extra-role behaviors, as well as satisfaction of their daily life. Moreover, the mediating role of extra-role behaviors in the relationship between appropriation and perceived value allows us to understand in a complementary way the value cocreation mechanisms from the viewpoint of consumers, concerning how the smart connected object appropriation contributes to value creation by consumers
Chazot, Pascal. "Co-naissance de la connaissance : unvoyage au sein des processus d'apprentissage à l'école internationale Mahatma Gandhi, en Inde." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131026.
Full textThe thesis studies the processes that lead to the co-construction of an epistemological culture and its harmonizing and therapeutic effect, in an experimental school in India that is based on an innovative pedagogy centred on the pleasure in learning. It postulates learning as a holistic act within the pedagogic space and emphasizes the need to activate body and movement of the learner in synergy with the acts of speech and thought. The training of teacher-student relation based on an Indian myth leads to the discovery of the complex of Ekalavya, born of an anxiety linked to the need for respect. Next, an analytical approach of a teacher training puts forth a dynamic schema; action-concept-word, creating a chain of construction of knowledge, wherein the resources produced by the learner according to her needs, form the framework of a pedagogy of generated resources learning
Potier, Ludovic. "Perception haptique des textures pour le guidage du geste : expérimentations et design." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1932.
Full textThe aim of this work is to design gesture guidance elements. This question appeared in a design oriented industrial research context, concerning product design as much as knowledge of man in an interaction situation. Design is both necessary for industry, in order to create usable products, and inspiring for research, to evoke fecund problems. We suggest here a circulation between product ergonomics, to outline the richness of uses, and standard experimentations, to determine the phenomenon involved in the situations in question and to propose widespread explicative principles. The stake is to anticipate and bring under control innovations appropriation by users. We are going to study especially the theme of haptic navigation, or how users touch the product to reach the aimed zone. For touch, the perceptive modality called haptic associates tactile and kinesthesia, linked in an intentional gesture, carrying signification. Considering perception as a cognitive activity being the result of a sensorimotor coupling between an organism and his environment, we studied textures touch. Results allow first of all to formulate design specifications for gesture guidance elements and also to better understand haptic perception of textures
Loeser, Florian. "Modélisation probabiliste de l'influence des émotions sur l'acceptabilité des innovations." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH003/document.
Full textIn response to a high failure rate in innovation projects, being able to anticipate and explain an innovation’s acceptance before its development is an interesting yet differentiating asset for companies. To some extent, acceptance models proposed in the literature allow identifying factors that have a significant influence on the intentions to use innovations. The latest extensions of these pioneer models show an increasing importance in considering the role of affects in the acceptance of innovations. However, these models propose a relatively disparate and unstructured conceptualization of emotional dimensions. In response to this issue, the objective of this work is to propose a framework for studying the relationships between emotions and acceptance of innovations. First, studies 1, 2 and 3 will demonstrate how innovations are perceived as complex and how this could be detrimental to their adoption. We will show that this effect is however qualified when taking the attitude towards innovation into account. Second, studies 4, 5, 6 and 7 will allow us to study precisely the relationships between emotional components and acceptance. Finally, an integrative analysis of some of the results is carried out in order to propose a probabilistic model of the relationships between emotion and acceptance. This model, named Eminosa®, offers three new possibilities: inferring the subjective experiences that an innovation generates by measuring cognitive appraisals, inferring cognitive appraisals by measuring subjective experiences, and finally inferring the acceptance of an innovation by measuring cognitive appraisals or subjective experiences. The implications of the model for the scientific literature and for the application perspectives in terms of innovation support will give rise to a set of recommendations
Nguyen, Claudine. "Du véhicule thermique au véhicule électrique : pratiques instrumentées et vécus de l'autonomie modifiée." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0069/document.
Full textThis research aims to study the electric vehicle range management and to explore the behavior and the lived experience of users of thermal vehicle (TV) and electric vehicle (EV). It has allowed the acquisition of knowledge about the situated use of electric vehicle and associated informational needs. In the first phase of our study, a framework has been established through the study of the thermal vehicle range management. We identified four styles of "range management" on the basis of interviews and quantified using a questionnaire. These styles fit the cognitive-affective relationship and the behavior related to the risk of breakdown: some drivers are worried and anticipate their recharge to control uncertainty and risk, while others does not care and expect to reload much later. Three classes of determinants (individual, artefactual and contextual), influencing the adoption of a proactive or reactive practice, were identified. The second phase of our study was dedicated to the identification of the range management practices through a two weeks EV loan to nine drivers. The results, based on diaries and resituated interviews, highlighted the transfer of range management styles from TV to EV and their influence on risk-taking. The results also revealed the establishment of an almost daily refueling frequency for most drivers, a greater anticipation to control the electric vehicle range, the context in which some problematic routes appear, and sources of emotional comfort and discomfort. The study of artefacts proposed for range management resulted in a typology of instruments: they were classified in prospective, reflective, reflective synthetic and pragmatic instruments. Their roles and appropriation have been specified according to the context of use and styles. The development of “instruments system” by drivers and practical tests allow them to control their autonomy. The study of temporal evolution of practices and experiences showed an evolution of the risks taken with the VE which coincides with range management styles and an overall feeling of control. With both TV and EV, we note that styles may evolve to a lower anticipation with time. The tests and appropriation of instruments contribute to reduce this anticipation. The third phase of our study was based on the experience of the nine drivers who participated individually in sessions of projective creativity, based on two prototypes and allowing the expression of expectations in terms of instruments and services development. Participants expressed more expectations for prospective instruments and the results showed a positive influence of prototypes models for the requirements expressed. These methods and results were finally discussed in terms of theoretical and practical contributions and research opportunities they foreshadow
Kondrateva, Galina. "Mobile application use in the tourism and restaurant industries : comparative study between France and Russia." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE022/document.
Full textThe smartphones with application stores have created a new customer base. The smartphone user's data, obtained in huge amount every second, enables companies to build their marketing strategies, and to increase the number of goods and services purchased. The tourism and restaurant markets offer new possibilities with the use of mobile applications in order to improve the quality of the provided services. The objective of this research is to study mobile application use in the tourism and restaurant industries and to accomplish cross-cultural comparison between Russia and France. Applying a hypothetico-deductive approach both theoretical and empirical investigations are serving this objective. In the research two mobile applications are analyzed: Lafourchette in France and Resto in Russia. The mobile application use is regarded from three theoretical points of view: technology’s use, relationship marketing and cultural theory. UTAUT2 model is the central model of the research; this model has been a subject of numerous studies. We regarded this model in relation to relationship marketing and cultural dimensions. The results of the survey about mobile application use confirmed the hypotheses. Cross-cultural comparison demonstrated differences related to the economical, cultural and technology’s issues. Our findings are discussed from theoretical and managerial perspectives
Charmi, Amina. "Les facteurs explicatifs de l'adoption et de la continuité d'utilisation d'une innovation technologique : le cas de la cigarette électronique." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0508.
Full textWhy some innovations succeed and others fail?In the marketing literature, it is widely accepted that the adoption of a new product can be influenced by the phenomenon of social contagion, that is, the phenomenon of imitation of the behavior of other members of the social system. Marketing research was therefore interested to empirically study the impact of social contagion on the adoption of innovations. However, the success of an innovation is not only appreciated by its adoption but also its continued use. Thus, our study looks not only at the first purchase but also the continuity of use of technological innovation. Indeed, consumer behavior analysis in the long run will ensure their satisfaction and sustainability of companies.In order to do so, we had conducted a quantitative study. For this purpose, a research questionnaire was developed and administered to a sample of 593 individuals. The results of analysis with simultaneous equations show the role of opinion leadership and the perceived characteristics of innovation in the behavior of adoption and continuity of use. Our research contributes to the development of knowledge in the field of adoption and diffusion of innovation and leads to a number of managerial recommendations
Teisseire, Denis. "Genèse instrumentale des technologies numériques dans les activités des préfets." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1250/document.
Full textThe prefects will have for the next years to continue their action within a French company inscribed in the global dynamics of a "process of appropriation of a disruptive innovation" and "forces the users to break with their ways of doing and to think earlier ".How this "character" assumes this change is the inductive question of this research. Is there transformation, transition, evolution or avoidance?Using the Semiotics of Cooperative Transactions (STC) are identified in the narrations collected the clues of an appropriation of this digital transition, through : - its cognitive and emotional impacts ; - the description of the conditions and the context of use of objects that became instruments; - the managerial technique deployed to regulate the tensioning in his living area.The main contributions highlight : - a new report from the prefect to technology ; - a commitment to innovation as a support or facilitation of emerging initiatives, more difficult as a project leader ; - a draft of a digital republic that remains unclear, but which redistributes the social link and the organizational methods of collective action
Le, Chene Véronique. "Inclusion numérique en contexte d’établissements médico-sociaux." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20027/document.
Full textThe ideal of inclusive society is based on principles of justice and social cohesion. It translates into a desire to include people at risk of poverty and exclusion, to reduce social inequalities and to encourage participation in the life of society. Faced with social inequalities, specific policies are implemented for people with disabilities. They translate into a principle of widespread accessibility to employment, education, built, transport, leisure, culture, digital technologies, etc. In our society where the uses of digital technologies appear to be the cure for all social problems (Proulx, 1990), what benefits can people with disabilities derive from the uses of these technologies? To answer this question, I went to investigate people welcomed in medico-social institutions in Brittany. I accompanied their use of digital technologies and in an ethno-methodological approach (Lapassade, 2000) and ecological of activity (Denis, 2009), I analyzed these uses as a social construct (Jouët, 2000). In this research we will see how the appropriation of digital technologies by people with intellectual disabilities or mental disorders transforms the negative representations they have of themselves and brings out a power to act with digital technologies that participate in their emancipation
Jégu, Marie. "Capacité d'innovation en entreprise, positionnements identitaires des travailleurs jeunes et plus âgés en Allemagne et en France." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCH025.
Full textThis doctoral research aims to deepen and understand the notion of innovation and the underlying processes in companies, in Germany and France, from an intergroup perspective (“young workers” versus “older workers”). More specifically, it aims a) to show that older workers just as well as young workers can assume all the characteristics of innovation, b) to show that there are phenomena of categorisation in the relation to innovation, c) to question the representations of the relations between workers, in Germany and in France. We used two theoretical frameworks: that of innovation and that of social categorisation in the context of generational phenomena. Over a thousand workers were questioned in both countries over the course of four studies mixing quantitative and qualitative analyses. The results show a) how German workers apprehend innovation capacity and its characteristics (study 1), leading us to conclude that innovation is not confined to young people; b) the influence of inter-group relations on the attribution of innovation characteristics to the "young workers" and "older workers" categories and the mechanisms of appropriation of these characteristics, either through a consensus according to the stereotype or by means of negotiation (study 2); c) the identity positioning of workers in Germany (study 3) and in France (study 4): whereas all German and French workers seem to be in a relatively similar relation to the world (when identifying with their category of age), young people however (according to their nationality) position themselves inversely in the roles which they attribute to themselves within the company. While young Germans give themselves a strong status, young French people, although not discriminated against by the older ones, strongly lessen their possibility of influence in companies. Finally, based on our diagnoses and the theoretical frameworks underlying them, we have developed and tested "tailor-made" intervention tools offering possibilities of actions to companies. These tools, gathered within the "InnoBox", aim to challenge stereotypes and prejudices, promote the integration of members of each age group into the innovation process and to develop competences and innovation characteristics
Aziz, Hanane. "L’Évaluation des déterminants de l’acceptation des technologies de l’information et de la communication dans les hôtels de luxe de la ville de Marrakech." Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0011.
Full textAcquiring a new Information Technology System (IT) is no longer a strategic issue; rather, it’s the general attitude towards the IT System that determines the extent of efficiency and benefits an organization realizes by implementing it. The Assessment of the performance and impact of IT Systems on organizations, has become of great interest to the Business Administration Management sciences. Also, It is of a major concern for companies leaders (KALIKA 2000; M Tahir Jan, Johan W de Jager, Alileche Ameziane, Naheed Sultan 2019).The use of IT is gradually spreading throughout the entire value chain of the company. However, their level of acceptance varies from country to country and from sector to another. In addition, the optimal implementation of ITs faces multiple difficulties:- technical: in particular to meet interoperability needs and to ensure sufficient control by users;- economical: in terms of investment; - behavioural in terms of stakeholder resistance.Thus, accelerating the process of acceptance and improvement in its use, involves identifying the factors that predict this process. In Morocco, research work that addresses the issue of the process of user acceptance of ITs in the context of luxury hotels is lagging considerably. This postulate is gaining momentum as this is mainly a crucial economic activity for Morocco, namely tourism.The implementation of IT in luxury hotels is only an initial phase of their successful integration. At this stage, the acceptance phase is the most delicate because it reveals a gap between the expected utilization and the actual level of use of these technologies. Furthermore, it is important to reflect on the attributes that influence users in their decision to accept or reject an IT and the extent of their use. The reasons for resistance go beyond the rational decisions advocated in the economic approach (cost, effort...). They cover: the specificities of ITs, the organizational context, the cultural, psychological and ethical specificities of users, and social influence. The purpose of this work is to answer the following question: What are the personal characteristics, specificities of IT users, and internal environment influences inside Marrakech luxury hotels that predict the acceptance of an IT system? In light of the literature review conducted on IT acceptance theories, we designed and tested a conceptual model by conducting a qualitative study by interviewing ten luxury hotel managers, and a quantitative investigation of 235 IT users to examine the factors that directly influence an IT system acceptance. The results of our research revealed the significant influence of personal characteristics, subjective norms, perceived risk, and managerial support as antecedents of expected performance. We concluded that these variables predict IT acceptance through attitude, intention and reluctance to change
Carlin, Anaïs. "Inégalités de revenus et effets de démonstration : les comparaisons inter-individuelles affectent-elles la dynamique d'innovation ?" Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0032.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on the joint impact of increasing income inequality and demonstration effects on consumer demand. In particular, it attempts to define to what extent income inequality generates luxury consumption and participates in innovation dy- namics. The analysis is part of non-Homothetic preferences framework and discusses sociological aspects of consumer behaviour. The first chapter reviews the macroeconomic literature on income inequality and luxury consumption. It shows that the analysis of luxury from demand point of view comes up against the absence of a commonly accepted and precise definition of luxury goods. The chapter puts forward the interest to analyze the effect of the desire of social distinction within a model in which goods an- swering the want for prestige have, not only a social function, but also an intrinsic utility and can be the product of a technological innovation. The second chapter examines the notion of wants and its consequences on demand. It establishes the mechanism by which wants appear and develop in time. It brings a formal representation of the growth of consumption standards in a so- cial context and shows to what extent the growth of wants participates in the dynamics of technical change through individual consumption demand. This chapter provides a theoretical framework on which is built a dynamical model, exposed in the third chapter, in which the incentive to innovate comes from the consumer demand. Using agent-Based modeling, this chapter explores the relation between conspicuous consumption and product innovation under various states of income inequality and different social influences
Tran, Thi Thanh Huong. "Be innovative to be green : how consumers respond to eco-innovative product designs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A018/document.
Full textThe introduction of eco-innovation is considered an effective way for companies to strategically align themselves with consumers’ increasing environmental concerns. Drawing on the sustainability and innovation literature, this dissertation proposes that product design factors, individual differences, and situational variables, significantly influence consumer responses to eco-innovation. The findings of five online experiments explore the underlying mechanisms of how consumers respond to eco-innovative product designs across various Internet-of-Things product categories. Specifically, we uncover the effect of trade-offs between innovative features and eco-friendly benefits on consumer responses and shine new light on the moderating role of consumer beliefs about eco-friendly product effectiveness (Study 1). Our results also show that different types of eco-friendly attributes in new product designs trigger different consumer responses (Study 2). Moreover, this dissertation sheds light on the nature of eco-friendly consumer innovativeness and its interaction effects with perceived trade-offs in eco-innovative product designs on consumers’ product evaluation and purchase intentions (Study 3). We also document consumers’ associations between detachability of an eco-friendly attribute on consumer responses (Study 4). Finally, we highlight that consumers’ evaluations of eco-innovation hinge on ecological country of manufacture and its congruence with product eco-friendliness (Study 5). The dissertation concludes with theoretical and managerial implications, such as advice for firms on the best practices for competitive advantage achievement in an eco-innovation context
Wey, Berti Mendes Renata. "Apropriação sistêmica de inovações tecnológicas para a prevenção : o caso do controle de poeira em mineradoras de granito." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20031/document.
Full textBased on a research carried out in the Brazilian mining sector, the text argues for the necessity of a better integration in work systems of the proposals made in order to contribute to prevent health, safety and welfare for employees.Facing with deleterious effects on health in numerous situations, one tempting way of action is to reduce these effects through normative prescriptions. However, such an approach can be ineffective due to its difficulties to take into account the work activities and the issues of production. Prevention then can fail, due to its disconnection with the industrial strategies.The article examines the introduction of a technical solution ("humidification"), whose the purpose was to prevent the emergence and multiplication of pneumoconioses in the mining sector in Brazil. Most of the companies in the field gave up on humidification. However, the research showed that certain companies adopt successfully the humidification techniques.In these companies, a process named “systemic appropriation” appears as being at the core of the success. The central idea is that the introduction of a novelty generates a process during which an individual produces the resources for the effectuation of its own activity (“individual appropriation”), but there is the need of a propagation process within a network of interdependent actors: the other actors of the network must take this change into account at the level of their own activities. Based on this analysis, the text will make proposals to accompany and support such an efficient propagation process within work settings
Baseado numa pesquisa feita no setor de mineração brasileiro, o texto argumenta sobre a necessidade de uma melhor integração no sistema de trabalho cuja proposta visa contribuir com a prevenção de saúde, segurança e bem-estar para os empregados.Em face de inúmeras situações com efeitos deletérios à saúde, um caminhos de ação tentador é reduzir esses efeitos através de prescrições normativas. Entretanto, tal abordagem pode ser ineficiente devido às dificuldades de se considerar as atividades de trabalho e as questões de produção. A prevenção pode, então, falhar, devido à sua desconexão com a estratégia industrial.O artigo avalia a introdução de uma solução técnica (umidificação), cuja proposta era prevenir a emergência e multiplicação de pneumoconioses no setor de mineração no Brasil. A maioria das empresas neste campo, desistiram da umidificação. No entanto, a pesquisa mostrou que algumas empresas adotaram com sucesso as técnicas de umidificação.Nestas empresas, o processo chamado de apropriação sistêmica apareceu como sendo o núcleo do sucesso. A ideia central é que a introdução de uma novidade gera um processo durante o qual um indivíduo produz recursos para a efetuação de sua própria atividade (apropriação individual), mas existe a necessidade de um processo de propagação dentro de uma rede de atores interdependentes: outros atores da rede de trabalho devem considerar essas modificações no nível de suas próprias atividades. Baseado nessas análises, o texto fará propostas para acompanhar e dar suporte a tais processos de propagação dentro da configuração de trabalho
Wang, Yimiao. "Etude d'un projet innovant au sein de la supply chain : le cas de Schneider Electric." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825370.
Full textCrouzat, Pauline. "Collectifs de travail en ingénierie aéronautique : comment soutenir et développer l’activité collective en contexte de transformation organisationnelle et digitale ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2131.
Full textEngineering knows an evolution of its organizational environment and of its tools (digitalisation). The development of collective activity is a valuable resource for health at work and for organisational performance (Caroly, 2010; Clot, 2010). That’s why it is necessary to preserve and protect it. Here, the objective is to determine conditions of activity that can participate to collective dynamics in engineering. Professionals involved are the key stone of this thesis.With our intervention research, we tried to identify the resources and the constraints of an efficient and significant collective activity for actors of engineering. Our working analysis combines two processes: understand to transform (interventional aim) and change to understand (epistemic and scientific aim).From a macro-organisational point of view, the first point is to identify socio-technical resources and constraints of collective activity. Then, we address personal experience, needs and expectations of actors in terms of collective dynamics (micro-organisational level); before designing and deploying interventions with them (meso-organisational level). Finally, we will see how it is possible to (re)-introduce a dialogical activity in the global work. This way permits to (re)-create opportunities for people to spot themselves in the ecosystem (team level) and to have a better understanding of shared practices and mutual expectations. To (re)-open the debate, focusing on the expression of people (rather than the information, only) can help actors to locate them in their work ecosystem and to fall within a matrix this system of work, over-equipped in terms of socio-technical tools
Slim, épouse Kilani Hekma. "Le nouveau consommateur : une source d'enrichissement aux entreprises pour le développement de nouveaux produits ou services ?" Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131004.
Full textThe present thesis was interested in the modeling of the co-creation of product and the service in a context of collaboration of companies and consumers. In the process of innovation, the model demonstrates the importance of taking into account 11 variables facilitators. In particular, the knowledge management and the categories of consumers. After a state of the art on the literature, a qualitative phase allowed to enrich the theretical framework experiment was implemented with 230 innovative companies. The quantitative analysis of the data allowed the validation of the model. 20 hypotheses were tested of which 16 have been completed, so allowing to demonstrate that the co-creation with the consumers allows for companies an enrichment of the process of innovation. All the components of the model allows a contribution for the management and the avenues of research for the innovative companies
Besnard, Julien. "Le rôle des conventions dans la diffusion des innovations : synthèse épistémologique, intégration théorique et caractérisation dans le cas des programmes de télévision." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020019.
Full textThe theory of the diffusion of innovations has been built during the XXth century around qualitative and quantitative models which does not take into account, otherwise barely, the influence of values and norms on the genesis of innovations. From a research hypothesis, the “complex structure” thought by Edgar Morin and Jean-Pierre Dupuy and an epistemic synthesis, this thesis proposes an experimental measure scale of the Boltanski and Thevenot’s “worlds” and the implementation of sociological forms, “the conventions”, as variable of the innovation adoption in a structural equations model inspired from the Fishbein’s Theory of reasoned action. Built on the field of Tv programs, this model shows that the adoption of “reality TV programs” are linked with specific sociological influences. These sociological influences involve atypical behaviors of TV viewers in front of the screen. The model of the influence of the “conventions” on consumer behavior opens the way to a new classification of TV programs as well as an improved prevision of the success of new formats
Pasquier, Hélène Marie Louise. "Définir l'acceptabilité sociale dans les modèles d'usage : vers l'introduction de la valeur sociale dans la prédiction du comportement d'utilisation." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20058/document.
Full textThe issue of this dissertation is to propose a psychosocial paradigm for the study of usage processes based on the concept of social acceptability, defined as the “value individuals attribute to objects and/or users depending on their social relationship” (Lefeuvre et al., 2008, p.101).This psychosocial paradigm finds its roots between sociological and ergonomic points of view, and is focused on the concept of social variables from acceptability models (from the HMI and MIS fields and TRA-TPB). We have established that social variables are initially neglected in usage models, nevertheless three possible evolution trajectories appear in existingmodels. This dissertation aims to enhance a usage prediction model based on the concept of social acceptability. Two hypotheses were tested. In this research, the first hypothesis states that when behaviour value is considered, social variables are a core determinant of behaviour prediction (Conner et Armitage, 1998 ; Rivis, Sheeran et Armitage, 2009 ; Manning, 2009), and the second hypothesis states that differences exist between the effects of social variables when the value of behaviour is considered. In order to empirically test these hypotheses, we operationnalized behaviour value in two ways. In studies 1 & 2, behaviour value was operationalized through behaviour valorization and tested in the transportation field. In studies 3 to 5, behaviour value was operationalized by the level of behaviour sociality and tested in the green mobility domain. Main results validate the relevance of a social acceptability oriented approach for the understanding of usage processes. Furthermore, results underline that social variables have a higher predictive power for valuable behaviours compared to less valuable behaviours
Maric, Josip. "Sustainability and responsibility in the digitalization era : a study of consumer-level 3D printing technology." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD015.
Full textThis study investigates the concepts of sustainability and responsibility in innovation through the processes of digitalization, marked by the emergence of new disruptive digital technologies. We observe the link between the digitalization and sustainability to understand how a specific digital technology can lead to sustainable and responsible outcomes. These criteria led us to additive manufacturing, or more commonly known, 3D Printing (3DP) technology.We adopted a responsible innovation concept as a set of principles to guide our study on 3DP. Moreover, this study design enabled us to align responsible innovation with existing research methods such as grounded theory. Through a bottom-up research approach, we observed trajectories of the current 3DP adoption/diffusion process and identified early users within their sociotechnical environment where 3DP is currently available. This constituted a solid ground to discuss 3DP sustainable and responsible nature and related implications. Responsible innovation concept, 3DP technology and our research methods are described in the Part I of this document.Part II elaborates main findings that can be divided into two sections. In the first section, we present characteristics of the sociotechnical system, current adoption process, 3DP innovation characteristics, and identify lead users. Current lead users of consumer-level 3DP are seen in the form of Maker culture and the coworking spaces. We present the insights on this specific interaction between the 3DP and Maker culture, whilst also discussing characteristic gender imbalance and new product development.The second section offers detailed analysis of consumer-level 3DP social, economic and environmental implications. Social implications indicate that there is an increasing societal expectation where 3DP is expected to lead a transformation towards more sustainable means of production. Economic implications are concentrated on the business opportunities relying on the growing 3DP market. As an evolving and niche market, current expansion and low-entry barriers are attracting interest of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs (SMEs) who develop new 3DP services and products. Lastly, even though with a promising potential to preserve raw resources, optimize production, tackle planned obsolescence, ensure recycling and reuse of materials, consumer-level 3DP still faces several environmental challenges. Possible rebound effect in energy and resources could lead to consequences that undermine its additive nature, where ecology is not a central topic for 3DP further development.Theoretical contributions of our study can be summarized in the specificities of consumer-level 3DP adoption process, characteristics of the early adopters and sustainability implications. These topics are scarcely covered in management research. Moreover, our key findings also provide detailed managerial contributions for the practitioners and the policy-makers. These can contribute to entrepreneurial activities that demand 3DP alignment with existing business models or development of new products and services based on this technology. Policy-makers can obtain insights on the current 3DP practices that can help guide policies to support research and innovation linked to 3DP technology. Our study insights can assist their understanding of possible threats hidden in Intellectual Property (IP), security and standardization issues related to 3DP technology.Finally, our main intention was to contribute to the ongoing scholar debate about the 3DP technology, digitalization and sustainability. For these purposes, we have developed a detailed thesis monograph offering a broad range of findings, whilst two fully published peer-reviewed publications, alongside several conference papers, ensure public visibility of our work. The published peer-reviewed articles are available in the Appendices section of this document
Abachi, Farid. "Construire son chez-soi : dynamiques de l'espace domestique et mutations socio-familiales à Tozeur." Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0101.
Full textIn the crossing of the urban sociology, the sociology of the family and the architectural analysis, this thesis deals with the changes brought by residents to their domestic space in Tozeur (Jerid, Tunisia), during the second half of the twentieth century. Based on about fifty sets of house's monographs, combining architectural statements and interviews, the analysis (lead according to the clue method) focuses on the evolution of the dwelling and its relationship with the household. The elaborate interpretation of traces and clues, detectable through detailed observation of the built environment, reveals the successive steps of the home occupation. The changing meaning of various terms identified (ḥûš, dâr. . . ) and their use, inform about the definition of areas of the house. If they are concurrent with the advent of new spaces, technological changes are evidence of an evolution of the concept of comfort, the emergence of new actors and transfers of know-how. The negotiations, identified during the settlements and the renovations shed light on the influence of statutory procedures and the differentiated strategies of bypassing. The preferential use of building materials, aesthetic treatments and new architectural styles indicates a search for social positioning and legitimacy. The investigation informs that adjusting the house and ordering the family are two simultaneous actions, while each appeal for different speeches and representations. The house is a manifestation of individuals living in family. A review of its dynamic transformation provides an analysis of the society
Francesca, Serravalle. "Augmented reality in retail : an analysis of this immersive technology through consumers’ and retailers’ perception." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3048.
Full textWith the advent of the internet and the digitisation process, the retail world has undergone numerous changes. As a matter of fact, this process has prompted all sectors to integrate technology into their sales processes. Particularly in retail, this process has meant that the physical and digital worlds have begun to find a meeting point. In this scenario there has been a shift from multi-channel, understood as a set of activities where goods are sold through different channels (online and offline), to a omnichannel retailing, where the two channels (online and offline) are integrated during the sales process. In this way, existing geographical and physical barriers are removed, leaving room for an all-round experience for the consumer. In this scenario is placed the work of this doctoral thesis, which stems from the interest of investigating the perception of consumers and sellers in the use of immersive technologies, with a particular focus on what is predicted by the reports as the most used immersive technology in the next five years: augmented reality.Through three exploratory studies (two qualitative studies on the consumer and retailer side and the last quantitative one), the present work aims to extend knowledge on the consumers’ and retailers’ perception on this technology. In chapter 2 consumers’ perception on augmented reality during the phases of a purchasing process is analysed through 20 semi-structured interviews, outlining the main perceived benefits and disadvantages. Chapter 3 analyses retailers’ side through 4 case studies, with the aim of studying their perception and readiness to adopt this immersive technology. Finally, chapter 5 aims to measure the relationship between the involvement of a product and its consumption behaviour, mediated through the immersion in the augmented reality shopping experience by 254 Italian consumers.Results highlight the role of immersive technology when combined with emotional product involvement, without which it remains a mere hedonic instrument. In fact, on the one hand consumers perceive technology as an additional, stand-alone tool, if not combined with specific products of their interest. On the other, retailers are aware of the main benefits brought by the introduction of a new technology, but they are reluctant to adopt it into their business. This is mainly due to two factors: the small and medium size of companies in Italy and a high uncertainty avoidance given by all the innovations not tested by their sector. The relationship between product involvement and behavioural intentions mediated by the immersive experience with augmented reality described in the model of this PhD thesis opens new managerial horizons for all those companies, which are aware of the benefits of these technologies and that would like to improve their performance using immersive tools
Con l’avvento di internet e il processo di digitalizzazione, il mondo della vendita al dettaglio ha subito numerosi cambiamenti. Infatti, questo processo ha spinto tutti i settori a integrare la tecnologia nei propri processi di vendita. In particolar modo, nella vendita al dettaglio questo processo ha fatto sì che il mondo fisico e quello digitale iniziassero a trovare un punto di incontro. In questo scenario sì è assistito infatti al passaggio dalla vendita multicanale, intesa come un insieme di attività dove le merci vengono vendute attraverso diversi canali (online e offline), ad una vendita omnicanale, dove i due canali (online e offline) sono integrati durante il processo di vendita. In questo modo, le barriere geografiche e fisiche esistenti vengono eliminate, lasciando spazio ad un’esperienza a tutto tondo per il consumatore. In questo scenario si colloca il lavoro di questa tesi di dottorato, che nasce dall’interesse di investigare la percezione dei consumatori e dei venditori nell’utilizzo delle tecnologie immersive, con un particolare focus a quella che viene predetta dai report come la tecnologia immersiva più utilizzata nei prossimi cinque anni: la realtà aumentata.Attraverso tre studi esplorativi (due qualitativi lato consumer e retailer e l’ultimo quantitativo), il presente lavoro ha l’obiettivo di estendere la conoscenza sul comportamento dei consumatori e dei venditori inerente a questa tecnologia. Nel capitolo 2 viene infatti analizzata attraverso 20 interviste semi-strutturate la percezione che hanno i consumatori della realtà aumentata durante le fasi di un processo di acquisto, delineando i principali benefici e svantaggi percepiti. Il capitolo 3 analizza il lato dei venditori attraverso 4 casi studio, con l’obiettivo di studiare la loro percezione di preparazione a adottare questa tecnologia immersiva. Infine, il capitolo 5 si pone l’obiettivo di misurare la relazione esistente tra il coinvolgimento di un prodotto e il relativo comportamento di consumo, mediato attraverso l’immersione nell’esperienza di acquisto con realtà aumentata da parte di 254 consumatori italiani.I risultati mettono in evidenza il ruolo della tecnologia immersiva se affiancata da un coinvolgimento emotivo ad un prodotto, senza il quale resta un mero strumento edonico. Infatti, da un lato i consumatori percepiscono la tecnologia come uno strumento aggiuntivo, stand alone, se non abbinato a particolari prodotti di loro interesse. Dall’altro i venditori conoscono i principali benefici apportati dall’introduzione delle nuove tecnologie, ma sono poco propensi ad inserirle. Questo è dovuto principalmente da due fattori: le piccole e medie dimensioni delle imprese in Italia e da una bassa propensione ad evitare il rischio e l’incertezza dato da tutte le innovazioni non testate dal loro settore. Le implicazioni della relazione tra coinvolgimento del prodotto e intenzioni di comportamento mediate dall’esperienza immersiva con realtà aumentata descritte nel modello sviluppato nella presente tesi di dottorato apre nuovi orizzonti manageriali per tutte quelle imprese che consce dei benefici di queste tecnologie, desiderano implementare per migliorare le loro performance
Montani, Francesco. "Peuvent-ils les objectifs d'innovation amener le comportement innovatif au travail ? : évaluation d'un modèle motivationnel pour l'innovation." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30100.
Full textThe present dissertation aims at applying goal regulation theory to the study of innovative work behaviour. After reviewing the state-of-the-art of innovation literature (first chapter), we conducted three empirical studies on distinct samples. In the first study (second chapter), we hypothesized and found that proactive goal generation – which includes envisioning and planning processes – was positively related to innovative behaviour, and that affective commitment, interacting with production ownership or, alternatively, with leader support for innovation, strengthened this relationship. In the second study (third chapter), we proposed and showed that planning mediated the link between envisioning and innovation, and that psychological empowerment and team support for innovation positively moderated the relationship between envisioning and planning. Finally, in the third study (fourth chapter), we theorized and demonstrated that learning goal orientation, psychological climate for innovation, and task variety enhanced innovative performance indirectly through the mediation of envisioning and planning, and that learning goal orientation amplified the relationship between planning and innovation. Theoretical and practical implications of our works are addressed in the general discussion
Hubert, Julien. "Intégration du point de vue de l’usager et du citoyen dans le processus d’innovation : le cas du déploiement d’un dispositif de mobilité électrique dans le Sillon Lorrain." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0083.
Full textReducing CO2 production policies in transport and technical progress, such as electric-car batteries increase in capacity, have opened up new prospects for electric-car. Furthermore, public institutions and private groups have engaged in encouraging and accompanying electric-car deployment. Despite this favourable context for the electric vehicle development, electric-car does not exceed 1.07% of the market share of vehicles in France. This thesis studies the subject of the electric-car deployment by Usage and Innovation inputs. In other words, how the constructing use process could dialogue with the innovation process? We have formalized car’s user context by an ecosystemic representation. Then, we propose a methodology (RUI) which will be able to capture, capitalize and evaluate the three knowledges Representations (R) -before use-, Uses (U) -during use- and Instrumentalizations (I) - long-term use- constitutive of an indidividual use construction. Knowledge analysis will identify brakes and levers of electric-car emergence and conditions within they operate. It permits also to identify actors concerned by the identified use blockages. Thus, we offer the elements to develop electric-car deployment scenarios in the Sillon Lorrain territory
Thévenet-Deparis, Martine. "L’expérience de magasinage sous l’influence du smartphone : une application au secteur de la chaussure." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1G024/document.
Full textThe role of the smartphone in consumers’ life is constantly developing with their increasing mobility. Endowed with this technological and decision-making power, consumers modify their buying behavior. The objective of our research is to analyze the impact of smartphone uses on shopping behavior in order to understand the determinants of mobility and the use of technology that play a role in shopping trips. The problem focuses on an analysis of the shopping process as a whole while keeping a less monolithic. Our research is empirical, based on a two qualitative studies: in a first study, we question consumers on their daily smartphone practices and on their hybrid shopping experiences influenced by this technological device; in a second study, we interview clients after a shopping experience in a shoe store of a multichannel retail chain. A first level of results brings a better understanding of smartphone uses (based on the criteria of frequency and intensity of use) that definitely fit in the continuity of “mobiquity”. A second level of results shows the link between these practices and the praxeology of the shopping process that becomes more rational and efficient under smartphone influence. Nevertheless, the shopping experience at the point of sale, studied here for a particular product, attests that the store must keep its singularity. It has to fulfill multimodal functions: traditional commercial functions in connection with a process initiated on the internet and sensory and emotional functions that reinforce impulse buying and avoid too rational logic. We propose to the retail managers to adapt their retail model and to revisit the role allocated to their physical points of sale
Dang, Thi Thu. "Les facteurs explicatifs de l'adoption et de l'utilisation de la carte bancaire au Vietnam." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010027.
Full textIn Vietnam, the number of issued bank cards is in a changing dramatically, offering many business opportunities fi banks. However, the greatest challenge that faces the banking system of Vietnam is the usual or traditional use of cash' the inhabitants. This habit is difficult to change. Indeed, despite the card and its many services such as transfer, payment for goods ... many cardholders are still using essentially the cash. In the hope of obtaining a better understanding internal and external factors that influence the use of bank card among consumers, my subject is to identify factors the explain the use of the bank card by Vietnamese consumers. Factors influencing the use of electronic banking in general and especially the bank card among consumers are the focus of numerous studies. In the context of the countries Southeast Asia, there are nevertheless some authors who have studied this subject. Especially in Vietnam, no study h attempted to develop a model of factors explaining the use of the bank cards. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors explaining the use of bank cards among Vietnamese consumers. Moreover, our research is based on different theories and models involved (Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior ... ), and different patterns of use bank cards performed in some countries in the world. Associated with a qualitative study of 20 cardholders achieved i Vietnam, we then developed a research model based on assumptions about the relationship between internal factor external factors and the attitude towards use, and the use of bank card among consumers. To test hypotheses of the research, a quantitative study of 1350 Vietnamese consumers (owners and non-owners) through the questionnaire administered face to face was performed. The results of this research showed that the perception of the nation infrastructure, the behavior of stores that accept the bank card, Marketing policy of issuing banks, leadership
Ở Việt Nam, số lượng thẻ ngân hàng phát hành hiện nay tăng rất nhanh, đã mở ra nhiều cơ hộikinh doanh cho các ngân hàng. Tuy nhiên, khó khăn lớn nhất mà hệ thống ngân hàng ViệtNam gặp phải là thói quen sử dụng tiền mặt từ lâu đời trong dân cư. Thói quen này thật khóthay đổi. Thực tế, mặc dù đã có thẻ ngân hàng cũng như nhiều chức năng khác nhau gắn vớithẻ, nhiều chủ sở hữu thẻ vẫn chủ yếu thanh toán bằng tiền mặt. Với mong muốn hiểu đượcnhững nhân tố bên trong và bên ngoài ảnh hưởng đến việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng của ngườitiêu dùng, luận án này sẽ xác định những nhân tố giải thích cho việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng ởngười tiêu dùng Việt Nam.Nhiều nghiên cứu khác nhau đã đề cập đến thẻ ngân hàng, đặc biệt là những nhân tố ảnhhưởng đến việc dùng ngân hàng điện tử ở người tiêu dùng. Tuy nhiên, trong bối cảnh nhữngquốc gia Đông Nam Á, chỉ có số ít tác giả nghiên cứu vấn đề này. Nhất là tại Việt Nam, chưacó nghiên cứu nào thử phát họa mô hình những nhân tố giải thích cho việc sử dụng thẻ ngânhàng của người tiêu dùng Việt Nam.Mặc khác, nghiên cứu này dựa trên các lý thuyết và mô hình hành vi khác nhau, cũng như dựatrên các mô hình sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng ở một số quốc gia trên thế giới. Kết hợp với cuộcnghiên cứu định tính đối với 20 chủ thẻ ngân hàng, luận án này phát họa mô hình nghiên cứudựa trên các lý thuyết liên quan đến quan hệ giữa những nhân tố bên trong, bên ngoài và tháiđộ đối với việc sử dụng thẻ cũng như việc sử dụng thẻ ở người tiêu dùng.Để kiểm định các giả thuyết nghiên cứu, cuộc nghiên cứu định lượng được thực hiện đối với1350 người tiêu dùng Việt Nam (người sở hữu và không sở hữu thẻ) nhờ vào bản câu hỏiđược phát trực tiếp.Kết quả cuộc nghiên cứu đã thể hiện rằng cảm nhận về hạ tầng quốc gia, về hành vi của cácđơn vị chấp nhận thẻ, về chính sách Marketing của các ngân hàng phát hành, khả năng dẫnđạo ý kiến, giới tính của người tiêu dùng có quan hệ đồng biến với thái độ đối với việc sửdụng thẻ cũng như việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng.Việc phân tích những nhân tố ảnh hưởng này cho phép chính phủ Việt Nam, cũng như cácnhà quản lý ngân hàng xác định các chiến lược nhằm kích thích việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng.Do đó, đề tài này mở ra viễn cảnh thú vị về mặt chiến lược phát triển sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng ởViệt Nam
Odoardi, Gianluca. "The relationship of perceived human resources management practices and innovative work behavior." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0040/document.
Full textIn the globalized economies the innovation is widely recognized as one of the key processes that can allow the development of organizations. This thesis focuses the attention on the Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) and its links with the perception of Human Resources Management (HRM). More specifically, the research models explore two HRM practices corresponding to individual and team learning and the participation to decision-making (PDM). The choice to emphasize only two practices is in line with scholars’ efforts dedicated to contingent perspective. Therefore, the experimentation of multiple mediating variables has allowed the better understanding of the relationship among the examined processes. This thesis is also oriented to understand the mentioned psychosocial factors in a quite unexplored organizational contexts corresponding to the small and medium enterprises. The first research explores the relationship among the perception of individual and team learning HRM practices, IWB and the mediating role of norms and supportive climate for innovation. The second study assumes that the perception of decision-making practice, conjointly with participative leadership, is related to IWB; moreover also the indirect relationship is tested through the mediating role of psychological climate for innovation and co-workers’ support. These findings help scholars to direct new endeavors in HRM research. Moreover they support managers to optimize resources invested in innovation through the promotion of learning and PDM
Cippelletti, Emma. "Aide à la conception, test de l’usage et de l’acceptation d’un logiciel de maintenance." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAH038/document.
Full textWith the development of new information and communication technologies, working procedures are increasingly computerized. This increasing computerization of working procedures raises the question of their acceptance by workers who have to appropriate new ways of doing their work. The present thesis aims to examine the conditions for the adoption of technologies conveying work procedures by maintenance technicians. Four studies are carried out on two fields of research (aeronautical maintenance and industrial maintenance) with the aim of understanding how maintenance technicians perceive and use these computerized working procedures. Two studies are carried out in the field of aeronautics and aim to investigate the social acceptability and the use of three new formats of procedures (3D animation, 2D and photos) before they are set up in the workshops. Study 1 examines the perception of new procedure formats by technicians (N = 136). The results of this study show that beliefs related to usefulness and ease of use are the main predictors of behavioral intention. In addition, it appears that beliefs differ depending on the type of use behavior of the procedures (daily or exceptional use). In order to understand the possible difficulties in using these new formats, Study 2 concerns the realization of user tests (N = 41). The aim is to study the usefulness and usability of the new procedural formats compared to the current format (text + image). The results show that all technicians succeed in maintenance, regardless of the format used. In addition, in general, new formats allow technicians to be more efficient because they take less time with new formats (3D animation and photos) than with reference formats and so errors made during maintenance are reduced. The new formats, with the presence of visual information, facilitate the location of the information on the equipment. Finally, a large majority of technicians intend to use the new formats. Two other studies are carried out in the field of industrial maintenance on the acceptance and use of a management of procedures software by the technicians. In this framework, study 3 concerns the perception of software in use by maintenance technicians (N = 61). The results highlight the belief in perceived compatibility as the main predictor of attitude, behavioral intention, and actual use of the software. In order to investigate the actual use of the software, study 4 deals with the analysis of the activity of 8 technicians from four workshops (filmed observation and interview). The results show that the software is suitable for only some of the technicians. Indeed, it seems to represent a brake for experienced technicians and moderately experienced technicians in the sense they are constrained in the use of the software (impossibility to navigate freely between the steps). However, the software proves to be a valuable help for inexperienced technicians (help support, training aid ...). Recommendations are made to improve the design of the software studied. In particular, improvements in the design of the three new formats of aeronautical maintenance procedures are suggested (adapting the format to the task carried out, improving the ergonomics of the touch pad...). In the second case, we make recommendations to modify the procedure management software and make it more compatible with the work of the technicians (setting up an expert mode, facilitating the search for information, navigating freely between steps …)